miranda v. tuliao - mq warrant of arrest

7/25/2019 Miranda v. Tuliao - MQ Warrant of Arrest

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FIRST DIVISION

JOSE C. MIRANDA, ALBERTO

P. DALMACIO, and ROMEO B.

OCON,

Petitioners,

- versus-

VIRGILIO M. TULIAO,

Respondent.

G.R. No. 15876

Present:

PANGANIBAN, C.J.

Chairperson,

YNARES-SANTIAGO,

AUSTRIA-MARTINE,CA!!E"O, SR., and

C#ICO-NAARIO,JJ.

Pro$%&'ated:

Mar(h )*, +

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

/ E C I S I O N

C#ICO-NAARIO,J.:

This is a petition 0or re1ie2 on certiorari%nder R%&e 34 o0 the R%&es o0

Co%rt, assai&in' the *5 /e(e$6er ++ /e(ision 7*8o0 the Co%rt o0 Appea&s in CA-

G.R. SP No. 999 and its *+ "%ne +) Reso&%tion denin' petitioners Motion 0or

Re(onsideration. The dispositi1e portion o0 the assai&ed de(ision reads as 0o&&o2s:

;#ERE


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$anda$%s and prohi6ition is here6 GRANTE/ and GI?EN /UE COURSE,

and it is here6 ordered:

*. The assai&ed "oint Order dated A%'%st *9, +*, Order dated

Septe$6er +*, +*, "oint Order dated O(to6er *, +* and "oint

Order dated No1e$6er *3, +* dis$issin' the t2o@+ In0or$ations 0or M%rder, a&& iss%ed 6 p%6&i( respondent

"%d'e Anasta(io /. An'had in Cri$ina& Cases Nos. )-)4+) and )-

)4+3 are here6 RE?ERSE/ and SET ASI/E 0or ha1in' 6een iss%ed2ith 'ra1e a6%se o0 dis(retion a$o%ntin' to &a(= or e(ess o0

>%risdi(tion, and another entered UP#O!/ING, A


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The 1en%e 2as &ater trans0erred to Mani&a. On ++ Apri& *, the RTC o0

Mani&a (on1i(ted a&& o0 the a((%sed and senten(ed the$ to t2o (o%nts

o0 reclusion perpetuae(ept SPO+ Madera& 2ho 2as et to 6e arrai'ned at that

ti$e, 6ein' at &ar'e. The (ase 2as appea&ed to this Co%rt on a%to$ati( re1ie2

2here 2e, on O(to6er +*, a(%itted the a((%sed therein on the 'ro%nd o0

reasona6&e do%6t.

So$eti$e in Septe$6er *, SPO+ Madera& 2as arrested. On +9 Apri&

+*, he ee(%ted a s2orn (on0ession and identi0ied petitioners "ose C. Miranda,

PO) Ro$eo B. O(on, and SPO) A&6erto P. /a&$a(io, a (ertain Boet de&aCr%Dand A$ado /oe, as the persons responsi6&e 0or the deaths o0

?i(ente Ba%Don and E&iDer T%&iao.

Respondent T%&iao 0i&ed a (ri$ina& (o$p&aint 0or $%rder a'ainst

petitioners, Boet de&a Cr%D, and A$ado /oe, and s%6$itted the s2orn (on0ession

o0 SPO+ Madera&. On +4 "%ne +*, A(tin' Presidin'

"%d'e ;i&0redo T%$a&i%aniss%ed 2arrants o0 arrest a'ainst petitioners and

SPO+ Madera&.

On + "%ne +*, petitioners 0i&ed an %r'ent $otion to (o$p&ete pre&i$inar

in1esti'ation, to rein1esti'ate, and to re(a&& andFor %ash the 2arrants o0 arrest.

In the hearin' o0 the %r'ent $otion on "%& +*, "%d'e T%$a&i%an notedthe a6sen(e o0 petitioners and iss%ed a "oint Order denin' said %r'ent $otion on

the 'ro%nd that, sin(e the (o%rt did not a(%ire >%risdi(tion o1er their persons, the

$otion (annot 6e proper& heard 6 the (o%rt. In the $eanti$e, petitioners


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appea&ed the reso&%tion o0 State Prose(%tor !eo T. Rees to the /epart$ent o0

"%sti(e.

On *9 A%'%st +*, the ne2 Presidin' "%d'e Anasta(io /. An'had too=

o1er the (ase and iss%ed a "oint Order re1ersin' the "oint Order o0

"%d'e T%$a&i%an. Conse%ent&, he ordered the (an(e&&ation o0 the 2arrant o0

arrest iss%ed a'ainst petitioner Miranda. #e &i=e2ise app&ied this Order to

petitioners O(on and /a&$a(io in an Order dated+* Septe$6er +*. State

Prose(%tor !eo S. Rees and respondent T%&iao $o1ed 0or the re(onsideration o0

the said "oint Order and praed 0or the inhi6ition o0 "%d'e An'had, 6%t the $otion0or re(onsideration 2as denied in a "oint Order dated * O(to6er +* and the

praer 0or inhi6ition 2as denied in a "oint Order dated ++ O(to6er +*.

On +4 O(to6er +*, respondent T%&iao 0i&ed a petition

0or certiorari, mandamusand prohi6ition 2ith this Co%rt, 2ith praer 0or a

Te$porar Restrainin' Order, see=in' to en>oin "%d'e An'had 0ro$ 0%rther

pro(eedin' 2ith the (ase, and see=in' to n%&&i0 the Orders and "oint Orders o0

"%d'e An'had dated *9 A%'%st +*, +* Septe$6er +*, * O(to6er +*, and

++ O(to6er +*.

On *+ No1e$6er +*, this Co%rt iss%ed a Reso&%tion reso&1in' to 'rant the

praer 0or a te$porar restrainin' order a'ainst "%d'e An'had 0ro$ 0%rther

pro(eedin' 2ith the (ri$ina& (ases. Short& a0ter the a0oresaid reso&%tion,"%d'e An'had iss%ed a "oint Order dated *3 No1e$6er +* dis$issin' the

t2o In0or$ations 0or $%rder a'ainst petitioners. On * No1e$6er +*, this Co%rt

too= note o0 respondents (ash 6ond e1iden(ed 6 O.R. No. *4+34)+ dated *4


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No1e$6er +*, and iss%ed the te$porar restrainin' order 2hi&e re0errin' the

petition to the Co%rt o0 Appea&s 0or ad>%di(ation on the $erits.

Respondent T%&iao 0i&ed 2ith this Co%rt a Motion to Cite P%6&i( Respondent

in Conte$pt, a&&e'in' that "%d'eAn'had de&i6erate& and 2i&&0%&& (o$$itted

(onte$pt o0 (o%rt 2hen he iss%ed on *4 No1e$6er +* the Order dated *3

No1e$6er +* dis$issin' the in0or$ations 0or $%rder. On +* No1e$6er +*,

2e re0erred said $otion to the Co%rt o0 Appea&s in 1ie2 o0 the pre1io%s re0erra& to

it o0 respondents petition 0or certiorari, prohi6ition andmandamus.

On *5 /e(e$6er ++, the Co%rt o0 Appea&s rendered the assai&ed de(ision

'rantin' the petition and orderin' the reinstate$ent o0 the (ri$ina& (ases in the

RTC o0 Santia'o Cit, as 2e&& as the iss%an(e o0 2arrants o0 arrest a'ainst

petitioners and SPO+ Madera&. Petitioners $o1ed 0or a re(onsideration o0 this

/e(ision, 6%t the sa$e 2as denied in a Reso&%tion dated *+ "%ne +).

#en(e, this petition.

The 0a(ts o0 the (ase 6ein' %ndisp%ted, petitioners 6rin' 0orth to this Co%rt

the 0o&&o2in' assi'n$ents o0 error:

FIRST ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR

;ith a&& d%e respe(t, the #onora6&e Co%rt o0 Appea&s 'ra1e& erred in re1ersin'

and settin' aside the "oint Order o0 "%d'eAnasta(io /. An'had dated A%'%st *9,+*, Septe$6er +*, +*, O(to6er *, +* and No1e$6er *3, +* iss%ed in

(ri$ina& (ases n%$6ered )-)4+) and )-)4+3 and, erred in %pho&din', a00ir$in'

and reinstatin' the Order dated "%& , +* iss%ed 6 then A(tin' Presidin'"%d'e ;i&0redo T%$a&i%an, on the a&&e'ed r%&e that an a((%sed (annot see= an

>%di(ia& re&ie0 i0 he does not s%6$it his person to the >%risdi(tion o0 the (o%rt.


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SECOND ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR

;ith a&& d%e respe(t, the #onora6&e Co%rt o0 Appea&s 'ra1e& erred in dire(tin'the reinstate$ent o0 Cri$ina& Cases No. )-)4+) and )-)4+3 in the do(=et o0

A(ti1e Cri$ina& Cases o0 Bran(h ) o0 the Re'iona& Tria& Co%rt o0 Santia'o Cit,

Phi&ippines, and in orderin' the p%6&i( respondent to re-iss%e the 2arrants o0arrest a'ainst herein petitioners.

T!IRD ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR

;it a&& d%e respe(t, the #onora6&e Co%rt o0 Appea&s (o$$itted a re1ersi6&e error

in orderin' the reinstate$ent o0 Cri$ina& Cases No. )-)4+) and No. )-)4+3 inthe do(=et o0 a(ti1e (ri$ina& (ases o0 Bran(h ) o0 the re'iona& tria& (o%rt o0

Santia'o Cit, Phi&ippines, and in orderin' the p%6&i( respondent to iss%e 2arrants

o0 arrest a'ainst herein petitioners, the order o0 dis$issa& iss%ed therein ha1in'

6e(o$e 0ina& and ee(%tor.

Ad"#d$%a&$on o' a (o&$on &o )#a*+ a

a--an& o' a--*& -)#$-* n$&+-

"#-$*d$%&$on o/- &+ 0-*on o' &+

a%%#*d, no- %#*&od o' 2a o/- &+ 3od

o' &+ a%%#*d.

The 0irst assi'n$ent o0 error 6ro%'ht 0orth 6 the petitioner dea&s 2ith the Co%rt o0Appea&s r%&in' that:

7A8n a((%sed (annot see= an >%di(ia& re&ie0 i0 he does not s%6$it his person to

the >%risdi(tion o0 the (o%rt. "%risdi(tion o1er the person o0 the a((%sed $a 6ea(%ired either thro%'h (o$p%&sor pro(ess, s%(h as 2arrant o0 arrest, or thro%'h

his 1o&%ntar appearan(e, s%(h as 2hen he s%rrenders to the po&i(e or to the

(o%rt. It is on& 2hen the (o%rt has a&read a(%ired >%risdi(tion o1er his personthat an a((%sed $a in1o=e the pro(esses o0 the (o%rt @Pete M. Pico vs. Alfonso V.

Combing, "r., A.M. No. RT"-*-93, No1e$6er , *+. Th%s, an a((%sed $%st

0irst 6e p&a(ed in the (%stod o0 the &a2 6e0ore the (o%rt $a 1a&id& a(t on hispetition 0or >%di(ia& re&ie0s.7)8

Pro(eedin' 0ro$ this pre$ise, the Co%rt o0 Appea&s r%&ed that petitioners

Miranda, O(on and /a&$a(io (annot see= an >%di(ia& re&ie0 sin(e the 2ere not

et arrested or other2ise depri1ed o0 their &i6ert at the ti$e the 0i&ed their Ur'ent
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Motion to (o$p&ete pre&i$inar in1esti'ation to rein1esti'ate to re(a&& andFor

%ash 2arrants o0 arrest.738

Petitioners (o%nter the 0indin' o0 the Co%rt o0 Appea&s 6 ar'%in' that >%risdi(tion

o1er the person o0 the a((%sed is re%ired on& in app&i(ations 0or

6ai&. %risdi(tion o1er their

person is re%ired 6e0ore the (o%rt (an a(t on their $otion to %ash the 2arrant 0or

their arrest, s%(h >%risdi(tion o1er their person 2as a&read a(%ired 6 the (o%rt

6 their 0i&in' o0 the a6o1e Ur'ent Motion.

In ar'%in' that >%risdi(tion o1er the person is re%ired on& in the ad>%di(ation o0app&i(ations 0or 6ai&, petitioners %ote Retired Co%rt o0 Appea&s "%sti(e Os(ar

#errera:

E(ept in app&i(ations 0or 6ai&, it is not ne(essar 0or the (o%rt to 0irst a(%ire>%risdi(tion o1er the person o0 the a((%sed to dis$iss the (ase or 'rant other

re&ie0. The o%tri'ht dis$issa& o0 the (ase e1en 6e0ore the (o%rt a(%ires

>%risdi(tion o1er the person o0 the a((%sed is a%thoriDed %nder Se(tion @a, R%&e

**+ o0 the Re1ised R%&es o0 Cri$ina& Pro(ed%re and the Re1ised R%&es onS%$$ar Pro(ed%re @Se(. *+a. InAllado vs. Diokno (232 SCRA 192),the (ase

2as dis$issed on $otion o0 the a((%sed 0or &a(= o0 pro6a6&e (a%se 2itho%t the

a((%sed ha1in' 6een arrested. InPaul Roberts vs. Court of Appeals (2! SCRA

3"#),the Co%rt 2as ordered to ho&d the iss%an(e o0 a 2arrant o0 arrest in a6ean(e

pendin' re1ie2 6 the Se(retar o0 "%sti(e. And in$a%son vs. &'e%utive

Se%retar (3"1 SCRA 1"245),the Co%rt ordered the (ase trans0erred 0ro$ theSandi'an6aan to the RTC 2hi(h e1ent%a&& ordered the dis$issa& o0 the (ase 0or

&a(= o0 pro6a6&e (a%se.78

In ar'%in', on the other hand, that >%risdi(tion o1er their person 2as a&read

a(%ired 6 their 0i&in' o0 the a6o1e Ur'ent Motion, petitioners in1o=e o%r

prono%n(e$ent, thro%'h "%sti(e


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enterin' tria& or 6 0i&in' 6ai&. On the $atter o0 6ai&, sin(e the sa$e is

intended to o6tain the pro1isiona& &i6ert o0 the a((%sed, as a r%&e the sa$e

(annot 6e posted 6e0ore (%stod o0 the a((%sed has 6een a(%ired 6 the>%di(ia& a%thorities either 6 his arrest or 1o&%ntar s%rrender.

O%r prono%n(e$ent in Santiagosho2s a distin(tion 6et2een custody of te

la!and"urisdiction over te person. C%stod o0 the &a2 is re%ired 6e0ore the

(o%rt (an a(t %pon the app&i(ation 0or 6ai&, 6%t is not re%ired 0or the ad>%di(ation

o0 other re&ie0s so%'ht 6 the de0endant 2here the $ere app&i(ation there0or

(onstit%tes a 2ai1er o0 the de0ense o0 &a(= o0 >%risdi(tion o1er the person o0 the

a((%sed.758C%stod o0 the &a2 is a((o$p&ished either 6 arrest or 1o&%ntar

s%rrender,782hi&e >%risdi(tion o1er the person o0 the a((%sed is a(%ired %pon his

arrest or 1o&%ntar appearan(e.7*8One (an 6e %nder the (%stod o0 the &a2 6%t not

et s%6>e(t to the >%risdi(tion o0 the (o%rt o1er his person, s%(h as 2hen a person

arrested 6 1irt%e o0 a 2arrant 0i&es a $otion 6e0ore arrai'n$ent to %ash the

2arrant.On the other hand, one (an 6e s%6>e(t to the >%risdi(tion o0 the (o%rt o1er

his person, and et not 6e in the (%stod o0 the &a2, s%(h as 2hen an

a((%sed es(apes (%stod a0ter his tria& has (o$$en(ed.7**8Bein' in the (%stod o0

the &a2 si'ni0ies restraint on the person, 2ho is there6 depri1ed o0 his o2n 2i&&

and &i6ert, 6indin' hi$ to 6e(o$e o6edient to the 2i&& o0 the &a2. 7*+8C%stod o0

the &a2 is &itera&& (%stod o1er the 6od o0 the a((%sed. It in(&%des, 6%t is not

&i$ited to, detention.

The state$ent inPico v. Judge Combong# Jr.#7*)8(ited 6 the Co%rt o0 Appea&s

sho%&d not ha1e 6een separated 0ro$ the iss%e in that (ase, 2hi(h is the app&i(ation

0or ad$ission to 6ai& o0 so$eone not et in the (%stod o0 the &a2. The entire

para'raph o0 o%r prono%n(e$ent inPicoreads:

A person app&in' 0or ad$ission to 6ai& $%st 6e in the (%stod o0 the &a2 orother2ise depri1ed o0 his &i6ert. A person 2ho has not s%6$itted hi$se&0 to the

>%risdi(tion o0 the (o%rt has no ri'ht to in1o=e the pro(esses o0 that

(o%rt.Respondent "%d'e sho%&d ha1e di&i'ent& as(ertained the 2herea6o%ts o0 the

app&i(ant and that he indeed had >%risdi(tion o1er the 6od o0 the a((%sed 6e0ore(onsiderin' the app&i(ation 0or 6ai&.7*38
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;hi&e 2e stand 6 o%r a6o1e prono%n(e$ent inPicoinso0ar as it (on(erns 6ai&, 2e

(&ari0 that, as a 'enera& r%&e, one 2ho see=s an a00ir$ati1e re&ie0 is dee$ed to ha1e

s%6$itted to the >%risdi(tion o0 the (o%rt.7*48As 2e he&d in thea0ore(ited (ase

o0 Santiago, see=in' an a00ir$ati1e re&ie0 in (o%rt, 2hether in (i1i& or (ri$ina&

pro(eedin's, (onstit%tes 1o&%ntar appearan(e.

Picodea&s 2ith an app&i(ation 0or 6ai&, 2here there is the spe(ia&

re%ire$ent o0 the app&i(ant 6ein' in the (%stod o0 the &a2. In$eliciano

v. Pasicolan,7*82e he&d that 7t8he p%rpose o0 6ai& is to se(%re ones re&ease and it

2o%&d 6e in(on'r%o%s to 'rant 6ai& to one 2ho is 0ree. Th%s, 6ai& is the se(%rit

re%ired and 'i1en 0or the re&ease o0 a person 2ho is in the (%stod o0 &a2. The

rationa&e 6ehind this spe(ia& r%&e on 6ai& is that it dis(o%ra'es and pre1ents resort tothe 0or$er perni(io%s pra(ti(e 2herein the a((%sed (o%&d >%st send another in his

stead to post his 6ai&, 2itho%t re(o'niDin' the >%risdi(tion o0 the (o%rt 6 his

persona& appearan(e therein and (o$p&ian(e 2ith the re%ire$ents there0or.7*98

There is, ho2e1er, an e(eption to the r%&e that 0i&in' p&eadin's see=in'

a00ir$ati1e re&ie0 (onstit%tes voluntary appearance, and the (onse%ent s%6$ission

o0 ones person to the >%risdi(tion o0 the (o%rt. This is in the (ase o0 p&eadin's

2hose praer is pre(ise& 0or the a1oidan(e o0 the >%risdi(tion o0 the (o%rt, 2hi(h

on& &eads to aspecial appearance. These p&eadin's are: @* in civil cases, $otions

to dis$iss on the 'ro%nd o0 &a(= o0 >%risdi(tion o1er the person o0 the de0endant,

2hether or not other 'ro%nds 0or dis$issa& are in(&%ded 7*58@+ in criminal cases,

$otions to %ash a (o$p&aint on the 'ro%nd o0 &a(= o0 >%risdi(tion o1er the person

o0 the a((%sed and @) $otions to %ash a 2arrant o0 arrest. The 0irst t2o are

(onse%en(es o0 the 0a(t that 0ai&%re to 0i&e the$ 2o%&d (onstit%te a 2ai1er o0 the

de0ense o0 &a(= o0 >%risdi(tion o1er the person. The third is a (onse%en(e o0 the0a(t that it is the 1er &e'a&it o0 the (o%rt pro(ess 0or(in' the s%6$ission o0 the

person o0 the a((%sed that is the 1er iss%e in a $otion to %ash a 2arrant o0 arrest.

To re(apit%&ate 2hat 2e ha1e dis(%ssed so 0ar, in (ri$ina& (ases, >%risdi(tion o1er

the person o0 the a((%sed is dee$ed 2ai1ed 6 the a((%sed 2hen he 0i&es an
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p&eadin' see=in' an a00ir$ati1e re&ie0, e(ept in (ases 2hen he in1o=es the spe(ia&

>%risdi(tion o0 the (o%rt 6 i$p%'nin' s%(h >%risdi(tion o1er his person. There0ore,

in narro2 (ases in1o&1in' spe(ia& appearan(es, an a((%sed (an in1o=e the

pro(esses o0 the (o%rt e1en tho%'h there is neither >%risdi(tion o1er the

person nor (%stod o0 the &a2. #o2e1er, i0 a person in1o=in' the spe(ia&

>%risdi(tion o0 the (o%rt app&ies 0or 6ai&, he $%st 0irst s%6$it hi$se&0 to the (%stod

o0 the &a2.

In (ases not in1o&1in' the so-(a&&ed spe(ia& appearan(e, the 'enera& r%&e

app&ies, i.e., the a((%sed is dee$ed to ha1e s%6$itted hi$se&0 to the >%risdi(tion o0

the (o%rt %pon see=in' a00ir$ati1e re&ie0. Not2ithstandin' this, there is no

re%ire$ent 0or hi$ to 6e in the (%stod o0 the &a2. The 0o&&o2in' (ases 6esti&&%strate this point, 2here 2e 'ranted 1ario%s re&ie0s to a((%sed 2ho 2ere not in

the (%stod o0 the &a2, 6%t 2ere dee$ed to ha1e p&a(ed their persons %nder the

>%risdi(tion o0 the (o%rt. Note that none o0 these (ases in1o&1e the app&i(ation 0or

6ai&, nor a $otion to %ash anin0or$ation d%e to &a(= o0 >%risdi(tion o1er the

person, nor a $otion to %ash a 2arrant o0 arrest:

*. InAllado v. %io&no,7*8on the praer o0 the a((%sed in a petition 0or

(ertiorari on the 'ro%nd o0 &a(= o0 pro6a6&e (a%se, 2e iss%ed a te$porar

restrainin' order en>oinin' PACC 0ro$ en0or(in' the 2arrant o0 arrestand the respondent >%d'e therein 0ro$ 0%rther pro(eedin' 2ith the (ase

and, instead, to e&e1ate the re(ords to %s.

+. In'oberts# Jr. v. Court of Appeals,7+8%pon the a((%seds Motion to

S%spend Pro(eedin's and to #o&d in A6ean(e Iss%an(e o0 ;arrants o0

Arrest on the 'ro%nd that the 0i&ed a Petition 0or Re1ie2 2ith the

/epart$ent o0 "%sti(e, 2e dire(ted respondent >%d'e therein to (ease and

desist 0ro$ 0%rther pro(eedin' 2ith the (ri$ina& (ase and to de0er the

iss%an(e o0 2arrants o0 arrests a'ainst the a((%sed.

). In(acson v. )*ecutive Secretary,7+*8on the praer o0 the a((%sed in a

petition 0or (ertiorari on the 'ro%nd o0 &a(= o0 >%risdi(tion on the part o0

the Sandi'an6aan, 2e dire(ted the Sandi'an6aan to trans0er the

(ri$ina& (ases to the Re'iona& Tria& Co%rt e1en 6e0ore the iss%an(e o0 the

2arrants o0 arrest.
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11/23

;e ho&d that the (ir(%$stan(es 0or(in' %s to re%ire (%stod o0 the &a2 in

app&i(ations 0or 6ai& are not present in $otions to %ash the 2arrant o0 arrest. I0 2e

a&&o2 the 'rantin' o0 6ai& to persons not in the (%stod o0 the &a2, it is 0oreseea6&e

that $an persons 2ho (an a00ord the 6ai& 2i&& re$ain at &ar'e, and (o%&d e&%de

6ein' he&d to ans2er 0or the (o$$ission o0 the o00ense i0 e1er he is pro1en

'%i&t. On the other hand, i0 2e a&&o2 the %asha& o0 2arrants o0 arrest to persons

not in the (%stod o0 the &a2, it 2o%&d 6e 1er rare that a person not 'en%ine&

entit&ed to &i6ert 2o%&d re$ain s(ot-0ree. This is 6e(a%se it is the sa$e >%d'e 2ho

iss%ed the 2arrant o0 arrest 2ho 2i&& de(ide 2hether or not he 0o&&o2ed the

Constit%tion in his deter$ination o0 pro6a6&e (a%se, and he (an easi& den the

$otion to %ash i0 he rea&& did 0ind pro6a6&e (a%se a0ter persona&& ea$inin' there(ords o0 the (ase.

Moreo1er, p%rs%ant to the pres%$ption o0 re'%&arit o0 o00i(ia& 0%n(tions, the

2arrant (ontin%es in 0or(e and e00e(t %nti& it is %ashed and there0ore (an sti&& 6e

en0or(ed on an da and at an ti$e o0 the da and ni'ht. 7++8o a hi'her pre0eren(e in the hierar(h o0 ri'hts than propert ri'hts,

7+)8de$andin' that d%e pro(ess in the depri1ation o0 &i6ert $%st (o$e 6e0ore its

ta=in' and not a0ter.

#a*+$n a a--an& o' a--*& 3a*d on a

*#3*)#n&2 '$2d 0&$&$on 'o- -/$ $&+

&+ S%-&a- o' J#*&$% and 3a*d on

do#3&* nnd-d 3 &+ 0o2$&$%a2

%2$(a& %on*&$&* -a/ a3#* o'

d$*%-&$on.
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12/23

;e ne1erthe&ess 0ind 'ra1e a6%se o0 dis(retion in the assai&ed a(tions o0

"%d'e An'had. "%d'e An'had see$ed a &itt&e too ea'er o0 dis$issin' the (ri$ina&

(ases a'ainst the petitioners. %st 6e(a%se the petitioners $i'ht,

in the 0%t%re, appea& the assistant prose(%tors reso&%tion to the Se(retar o0

"%sti(e. B%t e1en i0 the petition 0or re1ie2 2as 0i&ed 6e0ore the iss%an(e o0 the

2arrants o0 arrest, the 0a(t re$ains that the penden( o0 a petition 0or the re1ie2 o0

the prose(%tors reso&%tion is not a 'ro%nd to %ash the 2arrants o0 arrest.

In +ebb v. de (eon,7+482e he&d that the petitioners therein (annot assai& as

pre$at%re the 0i&in' o0 the in0or$ation in (o%rt a'ainst the$ on the 'ro%nd thatthe sti&& ha1e the ri'ht to appea& the ad1erse reso&%tion o0 the /O" Pane& to the

Se(retar o0 "%sti(e. Si$i&ar&, the iss%an(e o0 2arrants o0 arrest a'ainst petitioners

herein sho%&d not ha1e 6een %ashed as pre$at%re on the sa$e 'ro%nd.


13/23

The other 'ro%nd in1o=ed 6 "%d'e An'had 0or the %asha& o0 the 2arrant o0

arrest is in order i0 tr%e: 1io&ation o0 the Constit%tion. #en(e, "%d'e An'had as=ed

and reso&1ed the %estion:

In these do%6&e $%rder (ases, did this Co%rt (o$p& or adhere to the

a6o1e-%oted (onstit%tiona& pros(ription, 2hi(h is Se(. +, Arti(&e III Bi&& o0

Ri'hts to Se(. @a, R%&e **+, R%&es o0 Cri$ina& Pro(ed%re and to the a6o1e-(ited

de(isiona& (asesH To this %er or iss%e, a0ter a deep per%sa& o0 thear'%$ents raised, this Co%rt, thro%'h 7its8 re'%&ar Presidin' "%d'e, 0inds $erit in

the (ontention o0 herein a((%sed-$o1ant, "ose Pe$pe Miranda.7+8

"%d'e An'had is re0errin' to the 0o&&o2in' pro1ision o0 the Constit%tion as

ha1in' 6een 1io&ated 6 "%d'eT%$a&i%an:

Se(. +. The ri'ht o0 the peop&e to 6e se(%re in their persons, ho%ses, papers

and e00e(ts a'ainst %nreasona6&e sear(hes and seiD%res o0 2hate1er nat%re and 0or

an p%rpose sha&& 6e in1io&a6&e, and no sear(h 2arrant or 2arrant o0 arrest sha&&

iss%e e(ept %pon pro6a6&e (a%se to 6e deter$ined persona&& 6 the >%d'e a0terea$ination %nder oath or a00ir$ation o0 the (o$p&ainant and the 2itnesses he

$a prod%(e, and parti(%&ar& des(ri6in' the p&a(e to 6e sear(hed and the persons

or thin's to 6e seiDed.7+98

#o2e1er, a0ter a (are0%& s(r%tin o0 the re(ords o0 the (ase, in(&%din' the

s%pportin' e1iden(e to the reso&%tion o0 the prose(%tor in his deter$ination o0

pro6a6&e (a%se, 2e 0ind that "%d'e An'had 'ra1e& a6%sed his dis(retion.

A((ordin' to petitioners:

In this (ase, the n%&&it o0 the order o0 "%d'e T%$a&i%an, 0or the arrest o0 thepetitioners is apparent 0ro$ the 0a(e o0 the order itse&0, 2hi(h (&ear& stated that

the deter$ination o0 pro6a6&e (a%se 2as 6ased on the (erti0i(ation, %nder oath, o0

the 0is(a& and not on a separate deter$ination persona&& $ade 6 the "%d'e. Nopres%$ption o0 re'%&arit (o%&d 6e dra2n 0ro$ the order sin(e it epress& and

(&ear& sho2ed that it 2as 6ased on& on the 0is(a&s (erti0i(ation.7+58
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14/23

Petitioners (&ai$ is %ntr%e. "%d'e T%$a&i%ans "oint Order (ontains no s%(h

indi(ation that he re&iedsolelyon the prose(%tors (erti0i(ation. The "oint Order

e1en indi(ated the (ontrar:

Upon re(eipt o0 the in0or$ation and reso&%tion o0 the prose(%tor, the Co%rtpro(eeded to deter$ine the eisten(e o0 a pro6a6&e (a%se 6 persona&& e1a&%atin'

the re(ords .7+8

The re(ords o0 the (ase sho2 that the prose(%tors (erti0i(ation 2as

a((o$panied 6 s%pportin' do(%$ents, 0o&&o2in' the re%ire$ent %nder(im# Sr. v.

$eli*7)8andPeople v. ,nting.7)*8The s%pportin' do(%$ents are the 0o&&o2in':

*. Reso&%tion dated +* "%ne +* o0 State Prose(%tor !eo S. Rees+. A00ida1it dated ++ Ma +* o0 Modesto G%tierreD

). A00ida1it dated * Ma +* o0 Ro$eo B. O(on

3. "oint Co%nter A00ida1it dated +) Ma +* o0 Maor "ose C. Miranda andRena&do de &a Cr%D

4. A00ida1it dated * Ma +* o0 A&6erto /a&$a(io

. /e(ision dated ++ Apri& * o0 the Re'iona& Tria& Co%rt o0 Mani&a, Bran(h3* in Cri$ina& Case No. 9-*)44

9. S2orn state$ent dated +9 Apri& +* o0 Rode& Madera&

5. In0or$ation dated ++ "%ne +*

. A00ida1it-(o$p&aint o0 ?ir'i&io T%&iao and*. Medi(o-&e'a& Reports o0 the (ada1ers o0 E&eDer T%&iao and ?i(ente B%aDon.

#en(e, pro(ed%ra&&, 2e (an (on(&%de that there 2as no 1io&ation on the part

o0 "%d'e T%$a&i%an o0 Arti(&e III, Se(tion +, o0 the Constit%tion. "%d'e An'had,

ho2e1er, 0o(%sed on the s%6stanti1e part o0 said se(tion, i.e., the eisten(e o0

pro6a6&e (a%se. In 0ai&in' to 0ind pro6a6&e (a%se, "%d'e An'had r%&ed that the

(on0ession o0 SPO+Madera& is in(redi6&e 0or the 0o&&o2in' reasons: @* it 2as

'i1en a0ter a&$ost t2o ears in the (%stod o0 the Nationa& B%rea% o0 In1esti'ation

@+ it 2as 'i1en 6 so$eone 2ho rendered hi$se&0 %ntr%st2orth 0or 6ein' a

0%'iti1e 0or 0i1e ears @) it 2as 'i1en in e(han'e 0or an o61io%s re2ard o0

dis(har'e 0ro$ the in0or$ation and @3 it 2as 'i1en d%rin' the e&e(tion period

a$idst a po&iti(a&& (har'ed s(enario 2here Santia'o Cit 1oters 2ere pitted
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15/23

a'ainst ea(h other a&on' the &ines o0 the Miranda (a$p on one side and 0or$er Cit

Maor A$e&ita S. Na1arro, and a&&e'ed& that o0 /ENR

Se(retar #eherson A&1areD on the other.7)+8

;e painsta=in'& 2ent thro%'h the re(ords o0 the (ase and 0o%nd no reason to

dist%r6 the 0indin's o0 pro6a6&e (a%se o0 "%d'e T%$a&i%an.

It is i$portant to note that an eha%sti1e de6ate on the (redi6i&it o0 a

2itness is not 2ithin the pro1in(e o0 the deter$ination o0 pro6a6&e (a%se. As 2e

he&d in +ebb7))8:

A 0indin' o0 pro6a6&e (a%se needs on& to rest on e1iden(e sho2in' that $ore

&i=e& than not a (ri$e has 6een (o$$itted and 2as (o$$itted 6 thes%spe(ts. Pro6a6&e (a%se need not 6e 6ased on (&ear and (on1in(in' e1iden(e o0

'%i&t, neither on e1iden(e esta6&ishin' '%i&t 6eond reasona6&e do%6t and

de0inite&, not on e1iden(e esta6&ishin' a6so&%te (ertaint o0 '%i&t. As 2e&& p%t

in-rinegar v. nited States, 2hi&e pro6a6&e (a%se de$ands $ore than 6ares%spi(ion, it re%ires &ess than e1iden(e 2hi(h 2o%&d >%sti0 (on1i(tion. A

0indin' o0 pro6a6&e (a%se $ere& 6inds o1er the s%spe(t to stand tria&. It is not a

prono%n(e$ent o0 '%i&t.

Pro6a6&e (a%se $ere& i$p&ies pro6a6i&it o0 '%i&t and sho%&d 6e deter$ined

in a s%$$ar $anner. Pre&i$inar in1esti'ation is not a part o0 tria& .

D$*($**$n a %-$($na2 %a* on &+ 3a*$* o'

a d%$*$on o' &+$* Co#-& $n ano&+- %a*

$&+ d$''-n& a%%#*d %on*&$&* -a/

a3#* o' d$*%-&$on.

"%d'e An'had had %ashed the 2arrant o0 arrest on the 'ro%nd, a$on' other

thin's, that there 2as a petition 0or re1ie2 o0 the assistant prose(%tors reso&%tion6e0ore the Se(retar o0 "%sti(e. #o2e1er, a0ter the Se(retar o0 "%sti(e a00ir$ed the

prose(%tors reso&%tion, "%d'e An'had s%$$ari& dis$issed the t2o (ri$ina& (ases

a'ainst the petitioners on the 6asis o0 the 0o&&o2in' ep&anation:


16/23

Rode& Madera& 2as one o0 the a((%sed in Peop&e 1s. ;i&0redo !eano, et

a&., RTC, Bran(h 3*, Mani&a, and 6ased 0ro$ his s2orn state$ents, he pinpointed

to Mr. Miranda the $aster$ind and 2ith hi$ and the other po&i(e o00i(ers as thedire(t perpetrators, the O(to6er , +* /e(ision o0 the S%pre$e Co%rt a6so&1in'

the 0i1e (ops o0 $%rder, (ertain& $a=es his s2orn State$ents a narration o0

0a&sehood and &ies and that 6e(a%se o0 the de(ision a(%ittin' said o00i(ers 2ho2ere &i=e2ise 0a&se& &in=ed 6 said Rode& Madera& in his Apri& +9, +*

state$ents, it is no2 6eond do%6t that Rode& Madera&$ade %ntr%th0%&, 0a6ri(ated

and per>%red state$ents and there0ore the sa$e is 2itho%t pro6a6&e 1a&%e. ThisCo%rt a'rees 2ith the de0enses 1ie2s. Indeed, o0 2hat %se is Madera&s state$ents

2hen the S%pre$e Co%rt re>e(ted the prose(%tions e1iden(e presented and

add%(ed in Cri$ina& Case No. 9-*)44. Rode& Madera& is s%pposed to t%rn state

2itness in these t2o @+ (ases 6%t 2ith the S%pre$e Co%rt de(ision ad1erted to,the pro6ati1e 1a&%e o0 his state$ents is pra(ti(a&& ni&.

This Co%rt 0inds $erit to the $ani0estation o0 the a((%sed Miranda dated

O(to6er *5, +*, prain' 0or the s%$$ar dis$issa& o0 the t2o @+ $%rder(har'es in 1ie2 o0 the &atest de(ision o0 the S%pre$e Co%rt in People of te

Pilippines vs. +ilfredo (eao, et a&., G.R. No. *)55, a(%ittin' the a((%sed

therein and in e00e(t disre'ardin' a&& the e1iden(e presented 6 the prose(%tion inthat (ase. A((ordin'&, the t2o @+ in0or$ations 70or8 $%rder 0i&ed a'ainst "ose

Miranda are ordered dis$issed.7)38

This is a (&ear (ase o0 a6%se o0 dis(retion. "%d'e An'had had no ri'ht to t2ist o%r

de(ision and interpret it to the dis(redit o0 SPO+ Madera&, 2ho 2as sti&& at &ar'e

2hen the e1iden(e o0 the prose(%tion in the(eao(ase 2as presented. A de(ision,

e1en o0 this Co%rt, a(%ittin' the a((%sed therein o0 a (ri$e (annot 6e the 6asis o0

the dis$issa& o0 (ri$ina& (ase a'ainst di00erent a((%sed 0or the sa$e (ri$e. The

6&%nder o0 "%d'e An'had is e1en $ore prono%n(ed 6 the 0a(t that o%r de(ision

in(eao2as 6ased on reasona6&e do%6t. ;e ne1er r%&ed in (eaothat the (ri$e did

not happen 2e >%st 0o%nd that there 2as reasona6&e do%6t as to the '%i&t o0 the

a((%sed therein, sin(e the prose(%tion in that (ase re&ied on (ir(%$stantia&e1iden(e, 2hi(h interestin'& is not e1en the sit%ation in the (ri$ina& (ases o0 the

petitioners in the (ase at 6ar as there is here an ee2itness: Rode& Madera&. The

a((%sed in(eao0%rther$ore had no $oti1e to =i&& respondent T%&iaos son, 2hereas

petitioners herein had 6een i$p&i(ated in the testi$on o0 respondent T%&iao 6e0ore

the Senate B&%e Ri66on Co$$ittee.


17/23

It is prepostero%s to (on(&%de that 6e(a%se o0 o%r 0indin' o0 reasona6&e

do%6t in(eao, it is no2 6eond do%6t that Rode& Madera& $ade %ntr%th0%&,

0a6ri(ated and per>%red state$ents and there0ore the sa$e is 2itho%t pro6a6&e

1a&%e.7)48On the (ontrar, i0 2e are to per$it the %se o0 o%r de(ision in (eao, an

a(%itta& on the 'ro%nd o0 reasona6&e do%6t a(t%a&& points to the pro6a6i&it o0 the

prose(%tions 1ersion o0 the 0a(ts therein. S%(h pro6a6i&it o0 '%i&t (ertain& $eets

the (riteria o0 pro6a6&e (a%se.

;e (annot &et %nnoti(ed, too, "%d'e An'hads dis$issa& o0

the in0or$ations t2o das a'&-2e reso&1ed to iss%e, %pon the 0i&in' o0 a 6ond, a

te$porar restrainin' order prohi6itin' hi$ 0ro$ 0%rther pro(eedin' 2ith the

(ase. The 6ond 2as 0i&ed the da a0ter the in0or$ations 2ere dis$issed. ;hi&e the

dis$issa& o0 the (ase 2as a6&e to 6eat the e00e(ti1it date o0 the te$porar

restrainin' order, s%(h a6r%pt dis$issa& o0 the in0or$ations @das a0ter this Co%rts

reso&1e to iss%e a TRO a'ainst "%d'e An'had (reates 2i&d s%spi(ions a6o%t the

$oti1es o0 "%d'e An'had.

N#22$'$%a&$on o' a 0-o%d$n n%**a-$2

%a--$* $&+ $& &+ -$n*&a&(n& o' &+

o-d-* *& a*$d 3 &+ n#22$'$d

0-o%d$n.

In their se(ond assi'n$ent o0 error, petitioners (&ai$ that the Co%rt o0 Appea&s did

not re(a&& or reinstate the 2arrants o0 arrest iss%ed 6 "%d'e T%$a&i%an, 6%t instead

dire(ted "%d'e An'had to iss%e apparent& ne2 2arrants o0 arrest.7)8A((ordin' to

the petitioners, it 2as an error 0or the Co%rt o0 Appea&s to ha1e done so, 2itho%t a

persona& deter$ination o0 pro6a6&e (a%se.

;e disa'ree. ;hether the Co%rt o0 Appea&s ordered the iss%an(e o0 ne2 2arrants

o0 arrest or $ere& ordered the reinstate$ent o0 the 2arrants o0 arrest iss%ed 6


18/23

"%d'e T%$a&i%an is $ere& a $atter o0 s(r%p%&o%s se$anti(s, the s&i'ht ina((%ra(

2hereo0 sho%&d not 6e a&&o2ed to a00e(t the dispositions on the $erits, espe(ia&& in

this (ase 2here the other dispositions o0 the Co%rt o0 Appea&s point to the other

dire(tion. %d'es therein on the

'ro%nd o0 'ra1e a6%se o0 dis(retion, in the sa$e 1ein, 2e (an a&so o1err%&e the

de(ision o0 a >%d'e re1ersin' a 0indin' o0 pro6a6&e (a%se, a&so on the 'ro%nd o0

'ra1e a6%se o0 dis(retion.

T+- $* no do#32 "o0a-d $n &+

-$n*&a&(n& o' a %-$($na2 %a* d$*($**d

3'o- a--a$n(n&

In their third assi'n$ent o0 error, petitioners (&ai$ that the Co%rt o0 Appea&s

(o$$itted a re1ersi6&e error in orderin' the reinstate$ent o0 Cri$ina& Cases No.

)-)4+) and No. )-)4+3, a&&e'in' that the order o0 dis$issa& iss%ed therein had

6e(o$e 0ina& and ee(%tor. A((ordin' to petitioners:


19/23

It is a&so 2orth to point o%t at this >%n(t%re that the "oint Order o0

"%d'e An'had dated No1e$6er *3, +* is NOT ONEo0 those Orders 2hi(h

2ere assai&ed in the pri1ate respondent T%&iaos Petition 0or Certiorari, Manda$%sand Prohi6ition 0i&ed 6 the pri1ate respondent 6e0ore the Co%rt o0 Appea&s. As

(are0%&& en%$erated in the 0irst pa'e o0 the assai&ed /e(ision, on& the 0o&&o2in'Orders iss%ed 6 "%d'e An'had 2ere %estioned 6 pri1ate respondent, to 2it:

*. "oint Order dated A%'%st *9, +*

+. Order dated Septe$6er +*, +*

). "oint Order dated O(to6er *, +* and3. "oint Order dated O(to6er ++, +*.

O61io%s&, the "oint Order dated No1e$6er *3, +* o0 "%d'e An'had,2hi(h %&ti$ate& dis$issed Cri$ina& Cases Nos. )-)4+) AN/ )-)4+3 is NOT

in(&%ded in the &ist o0 the assai&ed OrderF"oint Orders. #en(e, the Co%rt o0

Appea&s sho%&d not ha1e passed %pon the 1a&idit or n%&&it o0 the "oint Ordero0 No1e$6er *3, +*.7)58

Petitioners $%st ha1e 0or'otten that respondent T%&iaos Petition 0or Certiorari,

Prohi6ition and Manda$%s 2as 0i&ed not 2ith the Co%rt o0 Appea&s, 6%t 2ith this

Co%rt. The Co%rt o0 Appea&s de(ided the (ase 6e(a%se 2e re0erred the sa$e to

the$ in o%r * No1e$6er +* Reso&%tion. S%(h petition 2as 0i&ed on +4 O(to6er

+*, aro%nd three 2ee=sbeforethe *3 No1e$6er +* Order. Upon re(eipt o0 the

*3 No1e$6er +* Order, ho2e1er, respondent T%&iao &ost no ti$e in 0i&in' 2ith

this Co%rt a Motion to Cite P%6&i( Respondent in Conte$pt, a&&e'in' that

"%d'e An'hadde&i6erate& and 2i&&0%&& (o$$itted (onte$pt o0 (o%rt 2hen he

iss%ed on *4 No1e$6er +* the Order dated *3 No1e$6er +* dis$issin'

the in0or$ations 0or $%rder. On +* No1e$6er +*, 2e re0erred said $otion to the

Co%rt o0 Appea&s, in 1ie2 o0 the pre1io%s re0erra& o0 respondent T%&iaos petition

0or certiorari, prohi6ition and mandamus.

O%r re0erra& to the Co%rt o0 Appea&s o0 the Motion to Cite P%6&i( Repondent in

Conte$pt p&a(es the *3 No1e$6er +* Order 2ithin the iss%es o0 the (ase

de(ided 6 the Co%rt o0 Appea&s. In (&ai$in' that "%d'e An'had (o$$itted

(onte$pt o0 this Co%rt in iss%in' the *3 No1e$6er +* Order,


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respondent T%&iao had as(ri6ed to "%d'e An'had an a(t $%(h $ore serio%s than

'ra1e a6%se o0 dis(retion.

Respondent T%&iao (&ai$s that "%d'e An'had iss%ed the *3 No1e$6er +* Order

on *4 No1e$6er +*, antedatin' it so as to a1oid the e00e(ts o0 o%r *+ No1e$6er

+* Reso&%tion. In said *+ No1e$6er +* Reso&%tion, 2e reso&1ed to iss%e a

te$porar restrainin' order en>oinin' "%d'e An'had 0ro$ 0%rther pro(eedin' 2ith

the (ri$ina& (ases %pon the respondent T%&iaos 0i&in' o0 a 6ond in the a$o%nt

o0 P+,.. Respondent T%&iao had 0i&ed the 6ond on *4 No1e$6er +4.

;hi&e 2e (annot i$$ediate& prono%n(e "%d'e An'had in (onte$pt, seein'

as disobedience to la!ful orders of a courtand abuse of court processesare (aseso0 indire(t (onte$pt 2hi(h re%ire the 'rantin' o0 opport%nit to 6e heard on the

part o0 respondent,7)8the praer to cite public respondent in contemptandfor

oter reliefs "ust and equitable under te premisessho%&d 6e (onstr%ed to in(&%de a

praer 0or the n%&&i0i(ation o0 said *3 No1e$6er +* Order.

In an (ase, the reinstate$ent o0 a (ri$ina& (ase dis$issed 6e0ore arrai'n$ent does

not (onstit%te do%6&e >eopard./o%6&e >eopard (annot 6e in1o=ed 2here the

a((%sed has not 6een arrai'ned and it 2as %pon his epress $otion that the (ase

2as dis$issed.738

As to respondent T%&iaos praer @in 6oth the ori'ina& petition 0or certiorari as 2e&&

as in his $otion to (ite 0or (onte$pt to dis%a&i0 "%d'e An'had 0ro$ 0%rther

pro(eedin' 2ith the (ase, 2e ho&d that the n%$6er o0 instan(es o0 a6%se o0

dis(retion in this (ase are eno%'h to (on1in(e %s o0 an apparent 6ias on the part o0

"%d'e An'had. ;e 0%rther reso&1e to 0o&&o2 the (ase o0 People v. SP/0 (eao,73*86

trans0errin' the 1en%e o0 Cri$ina& Cases No. )-)4+) and No. )-)4+3 to the Cito0 Mani&a, p%rs%ant to Arti(&e ?III, Se(tion 3, o0 the Constit%tion.

;#ERE


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)4+3 6e trans0erred to and ra00&ed in the Re'iona& Tria& Co%rt o0 the Cit o0

Mani&a. In this (onne(tion,

* !et a (op o0 this de(ision 6e 0%rnished the Ee(%ti1e "%d'e o0 the RTC

o0 the Cit o0 Santia'o, Isa6e&a, 2ho is dire(ted to e00e(t the trans0er o0

the (ases 2ithin ten @* das a0ter re(eipt hereo0

+ The Ee(%ti1e "%d'e o0 the RTC o0 the Cit o0 Santia'o, Isa6e&a, is

&i=e2ise dire(ted to report to this Co%rt (o$p&ian(e hereto 2ithin ten @*

das 0ro$ trans0er o0 these (ases

) The Ee(%ti1e "%d'e o0 the Cit o0 Mani&a sha&& pro(eed to ra00&e the

(ri$ina& (ases 2ithin ten @* das 0ro$ the trans0er

3 The Ee(%ti1e "%d'e o0 the Cit o0 Mani&a is &i=e2ise dire(ted to reportto this Co%rt (o$p&ian(e 2ith the order to ra00&e 2ithin ten @* das

0ro$ said (o$p&ian(e and

4 The RTC "%d'e to 2ho$ the (ri$ina& (ases are ra00&ed is dire(ted to a(t

on said (ases 2ith reasona6&e dispat(h.


22/23

;E CONCUR:

ARTEMIO V. PANGANIBAN

Chie0 "%sti(e

Chairperson

CONSUELO :NARESSANTIAGO MA. ALICIA AUSTRIAMARTINE9

Asso(iate "%sti(e Asso(iate "%sti(e

ROMEO J. CALLEJO, SR.Asso(iate "%sti(e

C E R T I < I C A T I O N

P%rs%ant to Arti(&e ?III, Se(tion *) o0 the Constit%tion, it is here6 (erti0ied that

the (on(&%sions in the a6o1e /e(ision 2ere rea(hed in (ons%&tation 6e0ore the (ase

2as assi'ned to the 2riter o0 the opinion o0 the Co%rts /i1ision.

ARTEMIO V. PANGANIBAN

Chie0 "%sti(e

7*8Penned 6 Asso(iate "%sti(e Ser'io !. Pestao 2ith A(tin' Presidin' "%sti(e @no2 S%pre$e Co%rt Asso(iate

"%sti(e Can(io C. Gar(ia and Asso(iate "%sti(e E&oR. Be&&o, "r., (on(%rrin'.7+8'ollo, pp. *-**.
http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/mar2006/G.R.%20No.%20158763.htm#_ftnref1http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/mar2006/G.R.%20No.%20158763.htm#_ftnref2http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/mar2006/G.R.%20No.%20158763.htm#_ftnref1http://sc.judiciary.gov.ph/jurisprudence/2006/mar2006/G.R.%20No.%20158763.htm#_ftnref2


23/23

7)8Id., p. *).738Id.748This sho%&d ha1e 6een )* SCRA +5.78Os(ar #errera, REME/IA! !A;, ?o&. I?, pp. )5-) @+* ed..798G.R. Nos. +5-, +9 "an%ar *), +*9 SCRA )), 3).758Id.78Paderanga v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. **439, +5 A%'%st *4, +39 SCRA 93*,

94%inapol v. -aldado, A.M. No. RT"-+-55, 4 A%'%st *), ++4 SCRA **, **-**9. In so$e>%rispr%den(e, 1o&%ntar s%rrender is ter$ed as 1o&%ntar s%6$ission to the >%risdi(tion o0 the (o%rt 6

s%rrender to the proper a%thorities.7*8(ayosa v. 'odriguez, G.R. No. !-35, * No1e$6er *95, 5 SCRA ), ))People v. mbrero, G.R. No.

)+*, 5 Ma **, * SCRA 5+*, 5+.7**8This is 6e(a%se o0 the r%&e that >%risdi(tion, on(e a(%ired, atta(hes %nti& the 0ina& disposition o0 the (ase. In s%(h

a sit%ation, the es(apees ri'ht to (on0rontation and (ross-ea$ination o0 2itnesses are dee$ed 2ai1ed 6

his 0ai&%re to appear d%rin' the tria& o0 2hi(h he has noti(e @1imenez v. 2azareno, G.R. No. !-)9)), *4

Apri& *55, * SCRA *, 4.7*+8See (arranaga v. Court of Appeals, )4* Phi&. 94, 55-5 @*5.7*)8A.M. No. RT"-*-93, No1e$6er *+, +*4 SCRA 3+*.7*38Id., at 3+3.7*48Sapugay v. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 59+, +* Mar(h *, *5) SCRA 33, 39*.7*8$eliciano v. Pasicolan, **+ Phi&. 95*, 95) @**.7*98Paderanga v. Court of Appeals, s%pra note , p. 93. This is 2hat the Co%rt o0 Appea&s erroneo%s& rephrased >%st

6e0ore %otin'Pico. Cf. note *.7*58RU!ES O< COURT, R%&e *4, Se(tion +.7*8G.R. No. **)), 4 Ma *3, +)+ SCRA *+, *5.7+8)+3 Phi&. 45, 4 @*.7+*8)* Phi&. +4*, +53 @*.7++8RU!ES O< COURT, R%&e **), Se(tion .7+)8Pil. -looming Mills )mployees /rga. v. Pil. -looming Mills ,nc., *4*-A Phi&. 4, 9 @*9).7+38"oint Order dated *9 A%'%st +*, rollo, p. +3.7+48)*9 Phi&. 945, 9 @*4.7+8"oint Order dated *9 O(to6er +*, rollo#p. *.7+98CONSTITUTION, Art. III, Se(. +.7+58

Petitioners Me$orand%$, rollo#pp. 399-395.7+8"%d'e T%$a&i%ans "oint Order dated "%& +*, rollo, p. *).7)8G.R. Nos. 343-49, *

miranda v. tuliao - mq warrant of arrest

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