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MODULE -2

KINDS OF

INFORMATION SYSTEM

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Information system

Information systems areimplemented within an organization

for the purpose of improving theeffectiveness and efficiency of thatorganization.

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Kinds/ Types of IS

Transaction Processing system

Office Automation System

Management Information System

Decision Support System

Group Decision Support System

Expert System

Executive Support System

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Transaction Processing system

A TPS is a information system that records

company transaction.

A transaction is defined as a exchange or cross-

functional information system between two ormore business entities..

Events that occur as part of doing business like

sales, purchases, refunds and payments.. Eg: Ticket reservation

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Characteristics of TPS

It records Internal and external transaction for a

company.

It performs routine, repetitive task.

Transaction can be recorded in online

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Process of TPS

Transaction

Process

Enter

data

Validate

data

Validated

Results

Generate

Output

Facilitate

Queries

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Process of TPS

There are six steps in processing a

transaction ..

Data entry

Data capture

Data validation

Processing and revalidation

Storage

Output generation

Query support

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Office Automation System

OAS means the complete integration of

Word processing,

Electronic filing,

Diary management and

Communication, including electronic mail,

telex and fax.

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Components of OAS

Function

Software package

Software type

Word processing

Electronic Spreadsheets

Graphics

Project management

Electronic Mail

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Advantages of OAS

Increased productivity

Improved quality of work

Improved organizational effectiveness

Better service

Better management control

Disadvantages:

Office staff became dependent on computers

OAS is expensive than manual system

Health problem to employees

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Management Information System

According to G.B. Davis,

MIS is an integrated man/machine

system for providing information to support theoperations, management and decision making

function in an organization

MIS is a system that aid management in

making , carrying out and controlling decision.

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Characteristics ofMIS

MIS is an integrative system

MIS is coordinated system

MIS is flexible MIS enhance productivity

MIS is a feedback system

MIS transform the data into information

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Functions ofMIS

Collect Data

Store and Process

Managers

Present Information to

Mangers

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Application of MIS

Strategy support

Computers can assist management to

understand the effects of their strategies and

help enable effective decision making Data processing

MIS system allow for the collation of vast

amounts of business data, but they alsoprovide a valuable time saving benefit to the

workforce.

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Decision Support System

DSS is an outcome of MIS providing support for

management at operational control, management

control and strategic planning.

In DSS currently receiving much publicity is

computer graphics..

The term decision support system refers to a system

which support process of making decisions..

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Cont.

Definition.A set of well-integrated, user-friendly,

computer-based tools that combine data with various

decision making models- quantitative and qualitativeto solve semi-structured and unstructured problems

According to Scott Morton,

DSS as interactive computer basedsystems, which help decision-makers to utilize data

and model to solve unstructured problems

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Components of DSS

Hardware Resource

Software Resource

Data Resource

Model Resource

People Resource

Decision Support System Package

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Application of DSS

Independent problem

Interrelated problem

Organizational problem

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Group Decision Support System

Meaning of GDSS.

GDSS is an interactive, computer

based system that facilities solution ofunstructured problem by set of

decision makers working together as a

group..

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Chacterstics of GDSS that

Enhance Decision Making

Special design

Ease of use

Flexibility

Decision- Making Support

Reduction of Negative group behavior

Parallel communication

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Expert System

An experts system is software that contains a

knowledge base of facts and relationships and has

ability to make inferences based on that

knowledge base According to REBOH and REITER..

Expert systems are interactive computer

programs incorporating judgment, rules of thumb,intuition and other expertise to provide

knowledgeable advice about a variety of tasks

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Components of ES

Knowledge acquisition subsystem

Knowledge base

Inference engine.

User interface.

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Business Application of

Expert System

Manufacturing

Marketing

Accounting and Finance Personnel

General Business

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Executive Support System

EIS or ESS are information system that

combine many of the features of

management information system anddecision support system.

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Components of EIS

Hardware

Software

Interface Telecommunication

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Applications of EIS

Manufacturing

Marketing

Financial