(misal gandhi)_smart materials

8/18/2019 (Misal Gandhi)_Smart Materials

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SMART MATERIALS

ENROLLMENT NO.:- 150490728006

Prepared By : Misal Gandhi

Branch : M.E. (Production)

Subject : Advanced Material Technology


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CONTENTS

Introduction

Properties of Smart Materials

Classification

Shape Memory Alloys Application

Merits and Demerits

Conclusion

References


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INTRODUCTION

Smart or intelligent materials are materials

that have to respond to stimuli and

environmental changes and to activate their

functions according to these changes.

The stimuli like temperature, pressure, electric

flow, magnetic flow, light, mechanical, etc can

originate internally or externally.


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PROPERTIES OF SMART M ATERIALS

Sensing materials and devices

Actuation materials and devices

Control devices and techniques

Self-detection, self-diagnostic Self-corrective, self-controlled, self-healing

Shock-absorbers, damage arrest


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CLASSIFICATION

Active Smart Material Passive Smart Material

Active smart materials as those materials which

possess the capacity to modify their geometric ormaterial properties under the application of

electric, thermal or magnetic fields.

The materials, which are not active, are calledpassive smart materials. Although smart, they

lack the inherent capability to transduce energy.

ex. Fiber optic material


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TYPES OF SMART MATERIALS

Piezoelectric materials

Thermo-responsive materials

Magneto restrictive materials

PH-sensitive materials Electrochromic materials

Polymer gels


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PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS

Materials where they produce a voltage when

stress is applied. Since this effect also applies in thereverse manner, a voltage across the sample willproduce stress within the sample.

Used in Dot-matrix printers, computer keyboards,high-frequency stereo speakers, accelerometers,micro-phones


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THERMO-RESPONSIVE MATERIALS

Thermo-responsive is the ability of a material to

change properties in response to changes in

temperature. They are useful in thermostats and in

parts of automotive and air vehicles.


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M AGNETO RESTRICTIVE MATERIALS

When subjected to a magnetic field, and vice

versa (direct and converse effects), this materialwill undergo an induced mechanical strain.

Consequently, it can be used as sensors and/or

actuators.


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PH-SENSITIVE MATERIALS

PH-sensitive materials are the materials thatchange their colour as a result of changing

acidity. This can be applicable for paints that can

change colour to indicate corrosion in the metal

underneath them.


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ELECTROCHROMIC MATERIALS

Chromogenic systems change colour in response

to electrical, optical or thermal changes.

These include Electrochromic materials, which

change their colour or opacity on the application

of a voltage. Very common example of such type

is Liquid crystal displays.

Photochromic materials, which change colour in

response to light. This can be observed in light

sensitive spectacles that darken when exposed to

bright sunlight.


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POLYMER GELS

These are gels that can shrink or swell by several

orders of magnitude. Some of these can also beprogrammed to absorb or release fluids in response

to a chemical or physical stimulus.

These gels are used in areas such as food, drug

delivery, organ replacement and chemical

processing.


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SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS

The shape memory properties of nickel-titanium

alloys were discovered in the early 1960s.

Although pure Nickel-Titanium has very low

ductility in the martensitic phase, the properties

can be modified by the addition of a smallamount of a third element. These groups of alloys

are known as Nitinol.


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HOW SMA WORKS ?

SMA occurs due to the change in the crystalline

structure of materials.

Two phases are:

Martensite:

Low temperature phase Relatively weak

Austenite:

High temperature phase

Relatively strong


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MARTENSITE

DEFORMING

MARTENSITE

DEFORMED

MARTENSITE

AUSTENSITE

MARTENSITE


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APPLICATIONS

Aircrafts

Orthopedic surgery

Dental braces

Robotics

Reducing vibration ofhelicopter blades

Smart fabrics

Sporting goods

Smart glass


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MERITS

•Bio-compatibility

•Simplicity

•Compactness

•

Safety mechanism•Good mechanical

properties

DEMERITS

•More expensive

•Low energy efficiency

•Complex control

•

Limited bandwidth


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CONCLUSION

Today, the most promising technologies for lifetime

efficiency and improved reliability include the use of

smart materials and structures.

New and advanced materials will definitively

enhance our quality of our life.


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REFERENCES

Reference Book Flinn, R.A. and Trojan, P.K., “Engineering Materials and their

Applications ", (4th Edition), Jaico Publishing, 1999.

Research Paper Susmita Kamila, Department Of Chemistry, East Point College of

Engineering and Technology, Bangalore,” INTRODUCTION,

CLASSIFICATION AND APPLICATIONS OF SMART MATERIALS:

AN OVERVIEW”, American Journal of Applied Sciences 10 (8): 876-880,

2013, ISSN: 1546-9239


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THANK YOU

(misal gandhi)_smart materials

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