miss springborn team 6 immigration notes. old immigrants time period: 1820-1880 came from: northern...

Miss Springborn Team 6 IMMIGRATION Notes

Old Immigrants TIME PERIOD: 1820-1880 CAME FROM: NORTHERN & WESTERN EUROPE IRISH CAME DUE TO: POTATO FAMINE SETTLED ON: GREAT PLAINS IRISH FACED JOB DISCRIMINATION

Graph of Old Immigrants

New Immigrants TIME PERIOD: 1880-1920 CAME FROM: SOUTHERN AND EASTERN EUROPE CAME FOR: FREEDOM and JOBS SETTLED IN: CITIES FACED DISCRIMINATION WITH THE: QUOTA SYSTEM

Map of New Immigrants- 1891-1900

Map of New Immigrants- 1901-1910

Document 3- Photo What is the message of this cartoon? Hint: look at the shadows for a clue The rich leaders are trying to keep out the new immigrants but It is not fair for people to stop immigrants from coming to the US since their family members were once immigrants

PROPAGANDA-PULL FACTORS Who might have used propaganda to encourage people living in Europe to come to the U.S? Why? Government settle the West, FREE LAND! Factory owners jobs, needed to fill them Family lonely, wanted them to join them Getting rich

Some of the things told to the immigrants: Land is free and easy to get jobs for everyone lots of freedom and opportunity streets are paved with gold Everyone can get rich

Look at the Worksheet you picked up today

Document 4: Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost, to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door! --Emma Lazarus (found in the base of the statue of liberty) wretched-horrible, refuse-not wanted, teeming-swarming, tempest-tost- stormy Emma Lazarus Poem http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E4wYFs5F76E Girl http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E4wYFs5F76E http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U-l8TZKnhuA Boy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U-l8TZKnhuA Who was Emma Lazarus? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FzSYRxBdapw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FzSYRxBdapw

Some Questions: 1) According to this poem, who is being invited to the golden door? EVERYONE, all people are welcome 2) What is the golden door? United States 3) What is the message of this poem? ALL IMMIGRANTS ARE WELCOME TO THE US

Do we still believe in Emma Lazaruss poem???? Is this idea still true today???

The Story of US: Cities Episode #7 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=- 3bAwDjwV3c&playnext=1&list=PL0A6E55E051E11852&feature=re sults_main http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=- 3bAwDjwV3c&playnext=1&list=PL0A6E55E051E11852&feature=re sults_main First 12 minutes are about the Statue of Liberty Next segment about the Steel Industry The growth of the cities skyscrapers Creation of the elevator Gangs in the cities, rise of crime, (29:00) Tenement Housing, struggles, Slum life, sanitation Thomas Alva Edison and his invention Urban Factories, Triangle Shirt Waist Factory Tragedy

Document 5: Stories and Photographs by LYDIA LUM, copyright 1998LYDIA LUM, At age 16, Lester Tom Lee immigrated in 1935 by himself to the United States. He was detained at least 2 months at Angel Island. He joined his father in San Francisco and eventually moved to Houston, where he worked as a grocer, a wholesale meat vendor and in real estate. Now 79, Lee is retired. Let take a look at the story

Mr. Lees story "We ate vegetables twice a day and some very rough rice, very hard to swallow. I was a growing boy and hungry." "There were birds outside the wire fence. My hands were small enough I could grab their necks and kill them. We used rice to attract the birds to us. We cleaned the birds in a toilet. Another boy had gotten some matches, somehow. Someone else had a knife. We gathered branches and we got newspaper and rolled it like wood to make a fire. We barbecued birds that way, when the guards weren't around. It was the only tasty thing we could get." "The main reason I was detained so long was that my father and I gave the inspectors different dates about when I departed China. The Chinese lunar calendar is about a month off from the American calendar! Ay! So my father hired a lawyer to get me out. Sometimes I cried because I missed my family and my friends." "Two men killed themselves, hung themselves. I went to the bathroom one morning and they were there. Maybe it was with a bedsheet. I screamed. I ran back to the barrack. They were probably about to be deported. I think one was about 30 years old, the other one 40." "Sometimes I wondered why we all came over here for that kind of treatment. Sometimes I just wanted to go home because they treated us like criminals. We were only immigrants." --- Lester Tom Lee Based on what Mr. Lee shares, what must life have been like for him on Angel Island? Compare and contrast the experiences people had at Ellis Island and Angel Island.

Document 6:

Document 6 Questions: According to the chart, what are two reasons Americans hated immigrants? WORKED FOR LOWER WAGES AND LONGER HOURS, WORKED AS STRIKEBREAKERS, SEGREGATED THEMSELVES IN GHETTOS What did Americans hate about immigrants in the jobs category? WORKED AS STRIKEBREAKERS, THEY WORKED FOR CHEAP LABOR 3) What were the results of this hatred? LAWS RESTRICTING IMMIGRATION 4) What does Nativism have to do with this? NATIVISTS DIDNT WANT ANY NEW IMMIGRANTS SO THEY CONVINCED THE GOVERNMENT TO PASS ANTI- IMMIGRATION LAWS How did immigration help industrialization? MORE WORKERS FOR THE FACTORIES

Document 7: To many late nineteenth century Americans, he [Boss Tweed] personified [represented] public corruption. In the late 1860s, William M. Tweed was the New York City's political boss. His headquarters, located on East 14th Street, was known as Tammany Hall. He wore a diamond, orchestrated [organized] elections, controlled the city's mayor, and rewarded political supporters. His primary source of funds came from the bribes and kickbacks that he demanded in exchange of city contracts. The most notorious example of urban corruption was the construction of the New York County Courthouse, begun in 1861 on the site of a former almshouse. Officially, the city wound up spending nearly $13 million - roughly $178 million in today's dollars - on a building that should have cost several times less. Its construction cost nearly twice as much as the purchase of Alaska in 1867. The corruption was breathtaking in its breadth and baldness. A carpenter was paid $360,751 ($4.9 million) for one month's labor in a building with very little woodwork. A furniture contractor received $179,729 ($2.5 million) for three tables and 40 chairs. And the plasterer, A tammy functionary, Andrew J. Garvey, got $133,187 ($1.82 million) for two days' work; his business acumen earned him the sobriquet "The Prince of Plasterers." Tweed personally profited from a financial interest in a Massachusetts quarry that provided the courthouse's marble. When a committee investigated why it took so long to build the courthouse, it spent $7,718 (roughly $105,000 today) to print its report. The printing company was owned by Tweed.

Document 7 questions: 1) Who is Boss Tweed? NYCs POLITICAL MACHINE BOSS 2) What are some examples of corruption? PEOPLE WERE PAID WAY TOO MUCH MONEY FOR THE WORK BEING DONE. EX: 2.5 MILLION DOLLARS FOR MAKING 3 TABLES AND 40 CHAIRS!! Read p. 609 and explain the Civil Service Reform Act and why was it necessary? PEOPLE TOOK EXAMS FOR THESE JOBS TO MAKE SURE THEY WERE QUALIFIED AND NOT GIVEN TO LOYAL SUPPORTERS OR FRIENDS

Document 8: While most remember Tammany Hall as a bastion [supporter] of corruption, it is essential to understand that "Boss" Tweed and the Tammany machine were fundamental in giving immigrants a voice in New York politics. The members of Tammany Hall recognized the critical importance of constituent support and expanded their political base by helping immigrants find work, heat, and food, in addition to gaining quick citizenship. As a pro-building machine, Tammany Hall would speed up the process of immigrant naturalization in order to gain voter support for public structures like the Brooklyn Bridge. Later, jobs would be distributed to the very immigrants who had supported the Tammany politicians. Now put yourself in their shoes. Imagine you are a poor immigrant in the U.S. You arrive in New York. You have little money and are repeatedly denied employment because of your ethnicity. Then one day you meet a group of people who promise you citizenship and steady employment. All they ask in return is a vote on their behalf. What would you do? For many new Irish, German, and Jewish immigrants, Tammany Hall was a source of hope and a means to survival. Next to Tammany Hall, no other political group at the time was more willing to serve immigrants, help them find jobs, or provide them with a form of welfare. Tammany Hall's progressive politics also helped the city to build sewers, Central Park, pubs, and the Museum of Natural History. Most of the political victories attributed to Tammany Hall were achieved through consistent attention to voter needs. New residents to the US, then, became devoted to Tammany Hall and were willing to turn a blind eye to the fraudulent practices that characterized the party.

Document 8 questions: 1) How did Tammany Hall help immigrants? HELPED THEM FIND WORK, HEAT, FOOD, AND HELPED THEM TO BECOME US CITIZENS 2) What else did the city do to help people? BUILT SEWERS, CENTRAL PARK, PUBS, AND THE MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY.

Last page of Homework packet Using what you see on this graph and know from this unit, explain why immigration spiked in 1901 and then rapidly declined over the next 20 years?

Need a textbook Using the graph Go to page 603 and take a look at the graph titled shifting patterns of immigration. Answer the 3 questions that are in the BOOK for the graph below #1answer is B #2: (answer in complete sentences) The region that has the GREATEST increase is Eastern and Southern Europe #3: (answer in complete sentences)

Immigration Poster Follow directions and create a poster advertising immigration in America DUE: Thursday, October 10 th Also: Review sheet is due Thursday: completed! Homework Assignment

Immigration: Sketch to Stretch story Between 1866 and 1915, more than 25 million immigrants came to the United States. Most were from Southern and Eastern Europe and Asia (China). Both Push and Pull factors led people to immigrate to the Americas. Push factors are things that push or force you to leave your country to go to another. Push factors include a lack of land at home, political or religious persecution, poverty & hardship, or revolutions in the home country. Pull factors are things that pull you or make you want to leave to go to another country (not forced). Pull factors include the promise of freedom or a better life somewhere else, the availability of jobs, the chance to gain wealth or land, or the chance to join family members who have already settled in America.

More Immigrants often found that adjusting to life in the US was hard. The new immigrants had to find jobs and places to live. Most immigrants stayed in the cities where they had landed. They often lived in poor, crowded neighborhoods with other people of their own ethnic group. In these neighborhoods they could speak their own language and celebrate their special holidays together. Fitting into American culture was difficult for immigrants. They spoke a variety of languages that were new to America. The Old immigrants were from Western Europe and their culture was familiar to Americans. They were not seen as a threat. The New immigrants though were from Eastern Europe and Asia (China). They had a very different culture and language and the Americans did not understand them. They were often heavily discriminated against.

More Some Americans felt overwhelmed by the huge number of new immigrants. Some believed these new immigrants would never fit in, or assimilate. To assimilate means to adapt to a new culture (fit in). Many others were concerned that the Immigrants would take their jobs. In response, Congress passed laws to limit immigration. One law, the Chinese Exclusion Act, nearly stopped all immigration from China. Immigrants entered the US through one of two processing centers. On the east coast, most immigrants passed through Ellis Island in NYC. They passed the Statue of Liberty on their way through NY harbor on the way to the processing center. On the west coast, most immigrants went through Angel Island in San Francisco. At these centers, immigrants were checked for disease, lice, background, and sometimes literacy levels. If something was found undesirable, an immigrant could be sent back to their home country immediately.

More During the late 1800s and early 1900s the US population exploded due to immigration. Jobs in the cities drew the immigrants there. As industries grew, the factories needed more workers and the immigrants were there to fill the need. In addition, many African Americans moved to the north for work too after escaping slavery. The face of most cities changed during this time. Many of the people who lived in the centers of cities were poor. They faced unhealthy and even dangerous living conditions. Most lived in buildings called tenements. Tenements were large housing units that were unclean and often multiple families had to share one apartment. There was a shared bathroom on each floor and disease was rampant. The wealthy usually lived in mansions on the outskirts of the city. As the cities and their problems grew, reformers worked to improve conditions for the poor. They convinced city governments to make sure buildings were constructed safely. Cities hired workers to clean the streets. New laws began to keep factories out of neighborhoods where people lived. Some reformers such as Jane Addams worked directly with the poor. Addams worked to set up clean and fair housing for immigrant families and help them get an education.

Homework Packet: Get a red pen and lets review some of the questions:

http://users.humboldt.edu/ogayle/hist420/Hist420Immigr ation.html http://users.humboldt.edu/ogayle/hist420/Hist420Immigr ation.html Website all about Immigration

Angel Island Resources: The Story behind the poems: Angel Island http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f_EQY-0ThOM View of Angel Island today: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UMdc6Q6nE9s Re-opening of Angel Island: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cW6f96SgknY&feature=related Chinese discrimination and Nativism: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pw3i1X8_qUY&feature=related A photo view of both Ellis and Angle Island http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qL1iiEQ_Jfw

miss springborn team 6 immigration notes. old immigrants time period: 1820-1880 came from: northern...

Documents

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quota system slide

map of new immigrants

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new immigrants time

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