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MISSOURI FOSSILS

SC/4EC/3A/04/aEssential Skill 32

The student will compare and contrast common fossils found in Missouri (i.e. trilobites, ferns, crinoids, gastropods, bivalves, fish, mastodons) to organisms present on Earth today.

by Judy Andrews4th grade Special EducationGasconade k5

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OBJECTIVES

1. Define fossil.2. Identify how fossils are made.3. Identify the following Missouri fossils:     a. trilobites     b. crinoids     c. gastropods     d. bivlaves     e. mastodons     f. ferns     g. fish.

4. Students will compare Missouri fossils from the past with organisms                present today.5. Students will match fossils, to picture I.D. to similiar organisms present     today.

    

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SMART IDEAS WEB

WEB QUEST THROUGH THE VARIOUS FOSSILS

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The word fossil comes from the Latin word fossilis, which means "dug up." Most fossils are excavated from sedimentary rock  layers . Sedimentary rock is rock that has formed from sediment, like sand, mud, small pieces of rocks. Over long periods of time, these small pieces of debris are compressed (squeezed) as they are buried under more and more layers of sediment that piles up on top of it. Eventually, they are compressed into sedimentary rock. The layers that are farther down in the Earth are older than the top layers. 

The fossil of a bone doesn't have any bone in it! A fossilized object has the same shape as the original object, but is chemically more like a rock. 

What is a fossil???

How are fossils made?For about 3000 million years, life was present only in the oceans. The oldest fossils are therefore of marine creatures. When marine animals or plants died, their remains accumulated on the sea floor where they were buried by mud, sand or silt. Over very long periods, these sediments became sedimentary rock, and the animal or plant remains became encased in the rock.By 430 million years ago, animals and plants had colonised the land. When land animals or plants died, the soft parts usually decomposed or were eaten by scavengers. However, if the hard parts (bones, shells, wood) are quickly covered by water, sand, or even volcanic ash, they might be preserved. Teeth are the hardest parts of an animal and are most likely to be preserved.

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Missouri's State FossilThe crinoid became the state's official fossil on June 16, 1989, after a group of Lee's Summit school students worked through the legislative process to promote it as a state symbol. The crinoid (Delocrinus missouriensis) is a mineralization of an animal which, because of its plantlike appearance, was called the "sea lily." Related to the starfish and sand dollar, the crinoid lived in the ocean that once covered Missouri. There are about 600 species alive in the ocean today. (RSMo 10.090)

Similiar creatures today are sea urchins and sand dollars.

CRINOID FOSSILS

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Echinoderms as a group also include sea urchins and starfish. They have pentagonal (fivefold) symmetry and an external skeleton composed of many small calcium carbonate plates. These plates interlock in sea urchins and sand dollars, increasing the likelihood that a complete creature will fossilize. In crinoids, the small ossicles usually disarticulate when the animal dies, and complete fossils are rare, whereas the ossicles themselves are abundant and widely collected. 

Pennsylvanian limestones chock full of crinoid ossicles are commonly exposed in Missouri, especially the Callaway and Burlington Formations which outcrop near Springfield and Kansas City. Because of this, a group of students at Pleasant Lea Jr. High in Lee's Summit proposed the crinoid as the state fossil, and the legislature passed Act 10.090 on June 16, 1989, officially honoring Delocrinus missouriensis. 

CRINOID FOSSILS

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TRILOBITEShttp://www.trilobites.info/trilobite.htm

Trilobites were among the most prominent of the Paleozoic marine arthropods, and they have only been found in oceanic fossil beds. No freshwater forms have ever been found. They occupied many different ocean environments, from shallow flats and reefs, to deeper ocean bottoms, and even the water column, as floating plankton or freeswimming forms. While a few were wideranging pelagic species, most were regional, and their global paleogeography  is a fascinating study of how living forms track their changing environments over geological time. Trilobites from different habitats often had specialized forms that were presumably adaptations to their environment.  Trilobite tracks

crawling 

It is thought that the majority of trilobites were bottomdwellers, crawling on the sea floor, or within complex reefs, acting as roving predators on smaller invertebrates or as slow scavengers on organic debris

Similiar species today are horseshoe crabs and spiders due to their hard exsoskeletons.

http://www.trilobites.info/trilobite.htm

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GASTROPODS

http://porites.geology.uiowa.edu/database/mollusc/mollsmnu.htm

http://www2.bartleby.com/65/ga/gastropo.html

Similiar species today belong to the class of mollusks, snails.

http://porites.geology.uiowa.edu/database/mollusc/mollsmnu.htmhttp://www2.bartleby.com/65/ga/gastropo.html

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http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Extension/fossils/bivalve.html

Bivalves are very common shallowwater molluscs, and include scallops, oysters, and clams.

Bivalves are mostly benthic (bottom dwelling) and marine, although some live in fresh water. Some bivalves are burrowers, some attach themselves to rocks or to the sea floor, while others live in cavities.All bivalves have a shell consisting of two hinged components ('valves') which enclose the animal's soft body parts. The valves are partly open when relaxed, but are held shut by muscles when danger from predators (birds, starfish, gastropods) threatens. Some bivalves can swim short distances by clapping their two valves together.

http://www.museum.vic.gov.au/prehistoric/time/bivalves.html

Similiar species today are clams, oysters, scallops, and mussels.

BIVALVE FOSSILS

http://www.kgs.ku.edu/extension/fossils/bivalve.htmlhttp://www.museum.vic.gov.au/prehistoric/time/bivalves.html

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FISH FOSSILS

http://www.paleodirect.com/fishfossils.htm

http://www.fossilmuseum.net/EdResources/FishImages.htm

Similiar to fish today, fossils of fish are very rare.

See next page for descriptions.

http://www.paleodirect.com/fishfossils.htmhttp://www.fossilmuseum.net/edresources/fishimages.htm

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http://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/classactivities/FernFossilPrimary.pdf#search=%22ferns%20fossils%22

The fern group of plants have fossil records extending back to the Middle Devonian periods (350  400 million years ago). Ferns have leaves, called fronds, which usually consist of leaflets. They live in a wide range of habitats, ranging from the tropics to cold temperate regions. Pteridospermsare plants similar in appearance to the fern and are popularly called seed ferns.

http://www.7cs.com/fossils/fern.htm

FERN FOSSILS

http://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/classactivities/fernfossilprimary.pdf#search=%22ferns%20fossils%22http://www.7cs.com/fossils/fern.htm

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http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/larson/mammut.html

The American mastodon (scientific name Mammut americanum) roamed North America from at least 3.75 million to 11,000 years ago. Mastodons, along with mammoths  and modern elephants, are members of the order Proboscidea. As adults they stood between 2.5 and 3 meters (810 feet) at the shoulder and weighed betweeen 3500 and 5400 kilograms (46 tons). Mastodons became extinct approximately 11,000 years ago. Today, paleontologists are trying to understand why .

Similiar species today the elephant

MASTODONFOSSILS

http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/larson/mammut.html

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GASTROPOD

FERN

MASTODON

FISH

BIVALVES

CRINOIDS

TRILOBITES

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ASSESSMENT

WHERE TO FIND FOSSILS IN MISSOURI

http://www.dnr.mo.gov/pubs/pub665.pdf

Review video

Fossil name

Picture of fossil

Similar organism found today

Trilobites

Crinoids

Gastropods

Bivales

Mastodons

Ferns

Fish

Assessment Identifying Missouri Fossils

Name

SMART Notebook

http://www.dnr.mo.gov/pubs/pub665.pdf

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http://www.statefossils.com/mo/mo.html

http://www.trilobites.info/trilobite.htm

http://porites.geology.uiowa.edu/database/mollusc/mollsmnu.htm

http://www.kgs.ku.edu/Extension/fossils/bivalve.html

http://www.museum.vic.gov.au/prehistoric/time/bivalves.html

http://www.fossilmuseum.net/EdResources/FishImages.htm

http://www.paleodirect.com/fishfossils.htm

http://www.7cs.com/fossils/fern.htm

http://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/classactivities/FernFossilPrimary.pdf#search=%22ferns%20fossils%22

http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/larson/mammut.html

http://www2.bartleby.com/65/ga/gastropo.html

http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/dinosaurs/dinofossils/

references

http://www.statefossils.com/mo/mo.htmlhttp://www.trilobites.info/trilobite.htmhttp://porites.geology.uiowa.edu/database/mollusc/mollsmnu.htmhttp://www.kgs.ku.edu/extension/fossils/bivalve.htmlhttp://www.museum.vic.gov.au/prehistoric/time/bivalves.htmlhttp://www.fossilmuseum.net/edresources/fishimages.htmhttp://www.paleodirect.com/fishfossils.htmhttp://www.7cs.com/fossils/fern.htmhttp://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/classactivities/fernfossilprimary.pdf#search=%22ferns%20fossils%22http://www.museum.state.il.us/exhibits/larson/mammut.htmlhttp://www2.bartleby.com/65/ga/gastropo.htmlhttp://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/dinosaurs/dinofossils/

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career choices

1. Anthropologist

2. Science Teacher

3. Paleontology

4. Archaeology

Attachments

Fossilassessment.doc

Smart Idea Web.ipr

Fossil name

Picture of fossil

Similar organism found today

Trilobites

Crinoids

Gastropods

Bivales

Mastodons

Ferns

Fish

Assessment Identifying Missouri Fossils

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SMART Notebook

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"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,63),(),(,1161181308562,"",1161181308562,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

62/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,62),(),(,1161181301125,"",1161181301125,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

61/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,61),(),(,1161181280812,"",1161181280812,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

60/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,60),(),(,1161181272515,"",1161181272515,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

59/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,59),(),(,1161181240031,"",1161181240031,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

58/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,58),(),(,1161180794921,"",1161180794921,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

57/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,57),(),(,1161180768359,"",1161180768359,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

56/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,56),(),(,1161180734609,"",1161180734609,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

55/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,55),(),(,1161180729312,"",1161180729312,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

54/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,54),(),(,1161180714093,"",1161180714093,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

53/ConceptMap

52/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,52),(),(,1161180673125,"",1161180673125,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

51/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,51),(),(,1161180608343,"",1161180608343,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

50/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,50),(),(,1161180474875,"",1161180474875,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

49/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,49),(),(,1161180454093,"",1161180454093,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

48/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,48),(),(,1161180400078,"",1161180400078,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

47/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,47),(),(,1161180377140,"",1161180377140,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

46/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,46),(),(,1161180361078,"",1161180361078,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

45/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,45),(),(,1161179314046,"",1161179314046,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

44/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,44),(),(,1161179293968,"",1161179293968,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

43/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,43),(),(,1161179275828,"",1161179275828,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

42/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,42),(),(,1161179270250,"",1161179270250,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

41/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,41),(),(,1161179244234,"",1161179244234,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

40/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,40),(),(,1161179237187,"",1161179237187,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

39/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,39),(),(,1161179160546,"",1161179160546,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

38/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,38),(),(,1161179139375,"",1161179139375,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

37/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,37),(),(,1161179117109,"",1161179117109,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

36/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,36),(),(,1161179093843,"",1161179093843,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

35/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,35),(),(,1161179071218,"",1161179071218,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

34/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,34),(),(,1161179062093,"",1161179062093,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

33/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,33),(),(,1161179060046,"",1161179060046,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

32/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,32),(),(,1161179026343,"",1161179026343,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

31/ConceptMap

30/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,30),(),(,1161178997437,"",1161178997437,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

29/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,29),(),(,1161178979421,"",1161178979421,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

28/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,28),(),(,1161178926859,"",1161178926859,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

27/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,27),(),(,1161178914296,"",1161178914296,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

26/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,26),(),(,1161178509453,"",1161178509453,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

25/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,25),(),(,1161178486343,"",1161178486343,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

24/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,24),(),(,1161178462406,"",1161178462406,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

23/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,23),(),(,1161178450718,"",1161178450718,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

22/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,22),(),(,1161178426828,"",1161178426828,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

21/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,21),(),(,1161178409984,"",1161178409984,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

20/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,20),(),(,1161178400734,"",1161178400734,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

19/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,19),(),(,1161178370375,"",1161178370375,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

18/ConceptMap

17/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,17),(),(,1161178242343,"",1161178242343,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

16/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,16),(),(,1161178238734,"",1161178238734,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

15/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,15),(),(,1161178234390,"",1161178234390,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

14/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,14),(),(,1161178228015,"",1161178228015,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

13/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,13),(),(,1161178224218,"",1161178224218,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

12/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,12),(),(,1161178217984,"",1161178217984,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

11/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,11),(),(,1161178214968,"",1161178214968,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

10/ConceptMap

9/ConceptMap

8/ConceptMap

7/ConceptMap

6/ConceptMap

5/ConceptMap

4/ConceptMap

3/ConceptMap

"COM.smarttech.ideas.clientserver.SConceptMap"(0,0,(0,1),(,3),(),(,1161177870515,"",1161177870515,""),((),),,,-1,0,())

107/Extension.CommandHistory

10/Extension.CommandHistory

79/Extension.CommandHistory

9/Extension.CommandHistory

8/Extension.CommandHistory

31/Extension.CommandHistory

53/Extension.CommandHistory

7/Extension.CommandHistory

6/Extension.CommandHistory

5/Extension.CommandHistory

4/Extension.CommandHistory

93/Extension.CommandHistory

1/Extension.CommandHistory

65/Extension.CommandHistory

18/Extension.CommandHistory

Extension.ViewState

attachments/cliB0.tmp.jpg

attachments/cliA8.tmp.jpg

attachments/cliA9.tmp.jpg

attachments/cli99.tmp.jpg

attachments/cli93.tmp.jpg

attachments/cli8C.tmp.jpg

attachments/cli7D.tmp.jpg

attachments/cli7B.tmp.jpg

attachments/MapThumbnail.jpg

SMART Notebook

Page 1: Oct 13-11:46 AMPage 2: Oct 16-7:30 AMPage 3: Oct 18-8:17 AMPage 4: Oct 18-10:48 AMPage 5: Oct 13-11:46 AMPage 6: Oct 13-11:56 AMPage 7: Oct 13-12:24 PMPage 8: Oct 13-12:36 PMPage 9: Oct 18-9:13 AMPage 10: Oct 18-9:28 AMPage 11: Oct 18-9:33 AMPage 12: Oct 18-9:41 AMPage 13: Oct 18-9:51 AMPage 14: Oct 13-12:01 PMPage 15: Oct 16-7:36 AMPage 16: Oct 13-12:01 PMPage 17: Oct 13-12:02 PMAttachments Page 1