Mitosis

Cell division

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Cell division

All complex organisms originated from a single fertilized egg.

Every cell in your body started here, through cell division the numbers are increased

Cell then specialize and change into their various roles

Mitosis

Mitosis is the process by which new body cell are produced for:GrowthReplacing damaged or old cells.

Cell division occurs in a series of stages, or mitosis.

2 daughter cells identical to original

Parent cell

Chromosomes are copied and double in number

Chromosomes now split

Animated Mitosis Cyclehttp://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm

• Interphase

• Prophase

• Metaphase

• Anaphase

• Telophase & Cytokinesis

Interphase occurs before mitosis begins

• Chromosomes are copied (# doubles)• Chromosomes appear as threadlike coils

(chromatin) at the start, but each chromosome and its copy(sister chromosome) change to sister chromatids at end of this phase

CELL MEMBRANENucleus

Cytoplasm

InterphaseInterphase

Animal Cell Plant Cell

Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Prophase 1st step in Mitosis

• Mitosis begins (cell begins to divide)

• Centrioles (or poles) appear and begin to move to opposite end of the cell.

• Spindle fibers form between the poles.

CentriolesSister chromatids

Spindle fibers

Prophase

Animal Cell Plant Cell

Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Spindle fibers

Centrioles

Metaphase 2nd step in Mitosis

• Chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes) attach to the spindle fibers.

Centrioles

Spindle fibers

Metaphase

Animal Cell Plant Cell

Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Anaphase 3rd step in Mitosis

• Chromatids (or pairs of chromosomes) separate and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell.

Centrioles

Spindle fibers

Anaphase

Animal Cell Plant Cell

Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Telophase 4th step in Mitosis

• Two new nuclei form.

• Chromosomes appear as chromatin (threads rather than rods).

• Mitosis ends.

NucleiNuclei

Chromatin

Telophase

Animal Cell Plant Cell

Photographs from: http://www.bioweb.uncc.edu/biol1110/Stages.htm

Cytokinesisoccurs after mitosis

• Cell membrane moves inward to create two

daughter cells – each with its own nucleus with identical chromosomes.

Animal Mitosis -- Review

Interphase

                                              

              

Prophase

                                             

               

Metaphase

                                              

              

Anaphase

                                             

               

Telophase

                                              

              

Interphase

                                             

               

Plant Mitosis -- ReviewInterphase

                                                        

    

Prophase

                                                       

     

Metaphase

                                                        

    

Anaphase

                                                       

     

Telophase

                                                        

    

Interphase

                                                       

     

20

Cell Cycle

21

- Cell Division

The Cell Cycle

21

Mitosis Animation

http://www.cellsalive.com/mitosis.htm

Mitosis

All daughter cells contain the same genetic information from the original parent cell from which it was copied.

Every different type cell in your body contains the same genes, but only some act to make the cells specialize – e.g. into nerve or muscle tissue.

Mitosis – bone cell slides

1 2

3 4 5

Parent cell Chromosomes copied

Copies separating 2 daughter cells

Cells split

Plants

Rat – epithelial cells

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