mitosis vs. meiosis
TRANSCRIPT
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Mitosis vs. Meiosis
What’s the Difference?
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Mitosis• Asexual reproduction.• Produces offspring without a
mate.• An example:
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Meiosis• Sexual reproduction.• Produces offspring with a
mate.• An example:
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What Do They Create? Mitosis
• Sex Cells• Sperm• Egg
Meiosis• Somatic Cells• Muscle Cells• Nerve Cells• Bone Cells• Ect..
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How Does It Happen?Mitosis• Prophase
• Metaphase• Anaphase• Telophase
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Prophase
• DNA condenses• Nucleoli disappear• Nuclear envelope breaks down
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Metaphase• Chromosomes line up at
equator.• They must become organized.• Once lined up there are 46
chromosomes total.
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Anaphase• Chromosomes split evenly.• Chromosomes move towards
poles.• Each half is identical.
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Telophase• REVERSE of prophase!• DNA de-condenses• Nucleoli reappear• Nuclear envelope reforms
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Essentially:
Daughter Cell
Daughter Cell
Daughter Cell
Daughter Cell
Parent Cell
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What Is Mitosis Used For?
• Growth• Repair• (Occurs in ALL living organisms)
Click HERE to View Mitosis Video!
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How Does It Happen?Meiosis
• Halving of chromosome material
• Occurs in sperm and egg
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How Does It Start?• Egg cell & Sperm cell• 46 chromosomes each
Sperm Cell 46 Chromosomes
Egg Cell 46Chromosomes
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Next …• Each cell divides equally• 48 chromosomes ->
–2 sets of 23 chromosomes
Sperm Cell 46 Chromosomes
Egg Cell 46Chromosomes
23
23
23
23
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Completion …• Cells combine• One sperm cell (23
Chromosomes)• One egg cell (23 Chromosomes)• Happens upon fertilization
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What Happens If The Process Goes
Wrong?• Trisomy• Monosomy• Both can result in miscarriage
or stillbirth
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Trisomy:• Baby receives extra chromosome• 47 chromosomes
Monosomy:• Baby is missing a chromosome• 45 chromosomes
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a a b b a a b b
a b a b a b ba
a a b
a a b b b
Sperm Cell
Egg Cell
Error
Trisomy
Monosomy
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Recap:Mitosis• Asexual• Produces two daughter cells• 4 stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase,
telophaseMeiosis• Sexual• Sex cells• Chromosomes
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CitesSlide 2: Ktylerconk, “Pocketbook Plant”, April 6, 2009 via FlickrSlide 3: Magbag, “My Parents”, June 30, 2005 via FlickrSlide 10: Clipart from MicrosoftSlide 11: Hybrid Medical Animation. "The Cell Cycle-Mitosis."
YouTube. N.p., 4 Dec. 2008. Web. 5 Oct. 2009. <http:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cg4ASxSKH2o>.
Slide 13: Clipart from MicrosoftSlide 14: Clipart from MicrosoftSlide 18: Clipart from Microsoft