mmwave technology evolution from wigig to 5g small cells

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mmWave Technology EvolutionFrom WiGig to 5G Small Cells

Ali SadriIntel Corporation

Director of mmWave Standards & advanced Technology

CEO & Chairman of WiGig Alliance

June , 2013

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL2

Wireless Connectivity in Our Lives

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL3

What Do We Have in Common?

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL4

• The 60GHz band offers 5 – 9 GHz of unlicensed bandwidth across most Geographies.

• 2.16GHz Bandwidth per channel

• Compared with:• ~90 MHz in ISM band (2.4GHz band)

• 20Mhz – 40MHz per channel

• ~500 MHz in UNII band (5 GHz band)• 20Mhz – 160MHz per channel

2.16 GHz per channel

7 GHz available Bandwidth in most of the world60 GHzBand

1

~500 MHz Bandwidth

5 GHz Bands2 3

~90 MHz Bandwidth

2.4 GHz BandLowerBands

1 2 3

Bands are drawn to scale

Available Unlicensed Frequency Bands

7 GHz

7 GHz

7 GHz

9 GHz

5GHz

9 GHz

USA

Canada

Korea

EU

China

Japan

-

-

-

-

-

-

Channel Bandwidth ( GHz)

57.24 59.40 61.56 63.72 65.88

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL5

It doesn't go through the Wall!

High Power, Needs a Fan!

Beam Forming does not Work!

Path Loss is High!

60 GHz Kills You!

Works only in LOS!

mmWave Challenges

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL6

It doesn't go through the Wall!

High Power, Needs a Fan!

Beam Forming does not Work!

Path Loss is High!

60 GHz Kills You!

Works only in LOS!

WiGig is Here!

mmWave Challenges

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL7

Wireless Display

Kiosk Sync & Nano small Cell

Wireless Display‐HD streams over HDMI or DP‐CE & PC & HH usages‐Hulu, IPTV, YouTube

Instant Wireless Sync‐ IP based P2P applications‐Wireless I/O‐Media HotSpot

Wireless Docking‐ Combination of Wireless display, sync and I/O

Cordless IO

Peer to peer

Distributed peripherals

Access ‐ WiFi, IEEE TGad‐ 3G/4G, Offload‐ Small Cell Access & Backhaul

Access, Offload, Backhaul

WiGig Usage Models

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL8

WiGig enabled chipsets will be over a BILLION units; almost 40% of all multiband chipset

WiGig

4,000

3,500

3,000

2,500

2,000

1,000

1,500

500

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 0

802.11n (2.4GHz) (Millions)

802.11n /802.11ac (Millions)

802.11n (dual-band) (Millions)802.11n/802.11ac/802.11ad (tri-band) (Millions)

2016

ABI Projection for WiGig Market

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL9

Board of Directors

Contributors

WiGig Alliance Members

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL10

WiGig MAC/PHY – 802.11adWiGig MAC/PHY – 802.11ad

What is WiGig?


MAC• Compatible with legacy 802.11• Includes new PBSS mode (point to point)• Includes new channel access (TDMA)

PHY• Includes Single Carrier rates up to 4.62Gbps• Includes OFDM rates up to 6.756Gbps

PAL• WiGig Serial Extension(WSE) , USB payload over WiGig link• WiGig Bus Extension(WBE), PCIe over WiGig link• WiGig SDIO Extension(WSD), SDIO payload over WiGig link• WiGig Display Extention(WDE), HDMI and DP over WiGig link

Industry Support• Royalty free 60GHz standard with wide industry support• IEEE 802.11ad publication by EOY 2012

Interoperability• Wi-Fi certified, Merged with WiFi Alliance

Regulatory• Harmonized around the world• ITU-R recommended

WiGig System Attributes


WiGig: Evolution of a mmWave Technology

Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

December 16 First Specification

November 3A/V and I/O PALSpecifications

June 30Certification Ready Spec Published

Oct 24World’s First WiGigTechnology Plugfest

April 5120+ Companies At WiGigOffice Opening in Taipei

January 7WiGig Takes Center Stage at 2013 International CES

January 31First Joint Plugfest for WiGig -Wi-Fi Alliance®

May 10Wi-Fi Alliance® and WiGigannounce cooperation. 802.11ad is formalized.

May 7 WiGig Alliance is Born

September 13Multigigabit Wireless Docking Demoed at IDF 2012

DecMerger MOU signed with Wi-Fi Alliance ®

March +Merger Agreement signed with Wi-Fi Alliance ®


•Prevent ecosystem fragmentation, duplication and thus accelerate development & adoption

•Prevent confusion by delivering a high-impact integrated branding & communication

•Leverage existing brand recognition of WFA for MAC/PHY cert, USB for WSE cert and VESA for WDE cert

•Make efficient use of resources (people, travel, fees, certification, etc.)

WGA Merging with WFA


Wireless Display

Kiosk Sync & Nano small Cell

Wireless Display‐HD streams over HDMI or DP‐CE & PC & HH usages‐Hulu, IPTV, YouTube

Instant wireless sync‐ IP based P2P applications‐Wireless I/O‐Media HotSpot

Wireless Docking‐ Combination of Wireless display, sync and I/O

Cordless IO

Peer to peer

Distributed peripherals

Access ‐ WiFi, IEEE TGad‐ 3G/4G, Offload‐ Small Cell Access &Backhaul

Access, Offload, Backhaul

WiGig Usage Models


•Multi-company forecast of rapid growth of total traffic1:

•By 2016: Over 10B connected devices and Global mobile data traffic will reach 10.8 exabytes/month. 2

Exponentially Increasing Capacity

1. ITU-R Report M.2243: 2. Cisco Visual Networking Index: Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update, 2011–2016


mmWave Advantage

Spectrum Efficiency (S)

Bandwidth & Throughput (B)

Densification (D)

Capacity Increase = D x B x S > 1000

Capacity Increase Technique mmWave Advantage

Beamsteering and MU-MIMO Techniques Support PtP and PtMP in Same Frequency Band

mmWave Bands Support Multi-Gbps Rates

Inherent Shorter Range and Beamsteering Mitigate Interference


Cellular Backhaul

Cellular Access Wi-Fi Offload

Small Cell Components


LTE, 4G & 4G+LTE, 4G & 4G+ 802.11ac

Wi-Fi Offload

60 GHz(Modified WiGig

MAC-PHY)6-42 GHz6-42 GHzLTE - Bands E-Band

(70, 80 GHz)E-Band

(70, 80 GHz)

UnlicensedLicensed

mmWave Capable Small Cells (MCSCs)

WiGig /802.11ad

Multi-GbpsmmWave

Multi-GbpsmmWave

Cellular Access

Cellular Backhaul


The mmWave Enabled HetNet

TXTX

RX

RX


mmWave Small Cell vs. Modern LTE Femto

Cell throughput comparison

LTE average : 50 Mbps/cell MU mmWave Small Cell: Up to 4 Gbps SU, 50 Gbps MU

Energy efficiency / beamwidth comparison (green radio)

LTE Femto antenna HPBW: 70-90° mmWave Small Cell antenna HPBW: 2-3°

• Per-beam power control to meet QoS and FCC requirements• Beam steering / Beam tracking and Precise user positioning

New feature: Intelligent beam control

Tx Power = 26 dBmTx Power = 25 dBm

throughput increasex1000

throughput increase

x30Energy efficiency increase


Long Term Goal, MU-MIMO


10 20 30 40 50 60 70‐80

NoMobile

AllocationIn Region

1 & 2

<1 GHz <4 GHz <4 GHz 7 GHzGlobal M

S<3 GHz

Global M

S

Global M

S

Global M

S

24.2525.25

27 31

38.6

42.5

47.2

50.2

57 64

5+5 GHz

Global M

S

60 GHz BandUnlicensed

40 GHz BandLicensed

LMDS BandLicensed

24 GHz BandLicensed

50 GHz BandLicensed

70-80 GHz BandsMinimal Licensed

The Search for Alternate Spectrum

MS: Mobile Service allocation

3

CurrentIMT bands

1


Possible Frequency bands for mmWave Access


LMDS band plan in the US


39 GHz band plan in the US


mmWave Path loss Comparisons

OxigenAbsorbance

Note: Assumption is that we are using the same TX/RX antennas gain for all bands. But it means that antenna size for 30GHz will be two times larger than for 60GHz (aperture size by 4 times bigger!). In the case of hard limitations on antenna size additional 6dB advantage will be lost for low frequency bands.

2.3 GHz

30 GHz40 GHz

60 GHz


CDF Vs SNR Comparison

0 5 10 15 20 250

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

CD

F

SINR, dB

SINR comparison for different frequency bands

60 GHz40 GHz30 GHz

0 5 10 15 20 250

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

CD

F

SINR, dB

SINR comparison for different frequency bands

60 GHz40 GHz30 GHz

For 100 meters deployment 30 GHz outperform 60GHz on median level by 1.2 dB.For 200 meters deployment 30 GHz outperform 60GHz on median level by 2.4 dB.


Access Protocols

Acquisition and Train

High Rate Phy

Achieving Compatibility with Legacy Systems

Beam Refinement Alg

SchedulerFrame Structure

Time Base


Possible LTE-Assisted Handoff


Early Simulation result

• For SU-MIMO mode mmWave communication system has shown 5.4 Gbps/cell throughput (90 Mbps/UE for 60 UE/cell) for 50 m Small cell size. (No overhead assumed)

• For MU-MIMO mode simulations, under reasonable assumptions, mmWave Small cell demonstrates 59 Gbps/cell throughput (about 1 Gbps/UE for 60 UE/cell) for 50 m Small cell size. (matching analytical results previously presented)

• The system without intelligent power transmit power control may violate FCC requirements on signal power density. ITPC scheme prevents this violation without substantial system performance metrics degradation (SW controlled EIRP/UE)


Simulation results: MU ranks for MU-MIMO modes


LTE LTE-A 5G

Cellular Systems Evolution

2004

A new generation of cellular systems evolves every 5-7 years

Beyond 4G technology research and development begins now!

REL

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11, 12, xx

2007 2009 2012


•WiGig is a multi Gigabit wireless standards and technology that enhances the usability of WiFi beyond connectivity and networking

•Multi Gigabit connectivity imposes higher capacity to the existing Cellular systems

•To increase capacity, increased small cell density, higher throughput and spectral efficiency systems are required

•mmWave enabled HetNet can significantly increase the system capacity

•WiGig as a proven mmWave technology can be extended to mmWavecellular systems.

•New generations of cellular systems evolve every 5-7 years, mmWave technology is a great candidate for beyond 4G systems

Summary