modeling mass transfer performance of packings · mellapak ®, montz-pak ®, gt-pak ... billet....
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings
Di Song
Gary Rochelle & Frank Seibert
University of Texas at Austin
![Page 2: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Contents
Introduction
Model of ae
Model of kL
Model of kG
Conclusions
2
• Mass transfer & Packings
• Why is µL important
• Methods & SRP database
• Scale-up: secondary area
• Effect of µL
• Scale up: packing height
• Effect of µL
• Significance of this work
• Recommendations
![Page 3: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Contents
Introduction
Model of ae
Model of kL
Model of kG
Conclusions
3
• Mass transfer & Packings
• Why is µL important
• Methods & SRP database
• Scale-up: secondary area
• Effect of µL
• Scale up: packing height
• Effect of µL
• Significance of this work
• Recommendations
![Page 4: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Two-film theory 4
CO2
Bulk liquidLiquid filmGas filmBulk gas
PCO2Pi
CO2
[CO2]i
[CO2] or P*CO2
Rxn. film
![Page 5: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5Two-film theory
![Page 6: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6Two-film theory
![Page 7: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
7Two-film theory
![Page 8: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8Two-film theory
![Page 9: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
9Two-film theory
![Page 10: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Packings 10
Random Structured Hybrid
Since 1890s 1960s >2000
Cost Low High High
Efficiency Moderate High High
Capacity Moderate High Medium
Shape
![Page 11: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Mass transfer in amine capture process
11
Flue Gas
DCC (kGae)Absorber(kL & ae)
WW(kGae)
Stripper (kLae)
C Free Gas
CO2 for Compr.
Amine
![Page 12: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Mass transfer in amine capture process
12
Flue Gas
DCC (kGae)Absorber(kL & ae)
WW(kGae)
Stripper (kLae)
C Free Gas
CO2 for Compr.
Amine
Reliable packing model is critical for design
![Page 13: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
μL is critical to solvent selection
• Heat transfer
• h Q
• Mass transfer
• Diffusion of CO2 through reactive layer
• Diffusion of free amine to L-G interface (surface depletion)
• Diffusion of loaded amine back to bulk liquid (P*CO2)
• Liquid turbulence
13
![Page 14: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
µSolvent ≫ µH2O
14
Amine soln.(α = 0.4) H2O 7m MEA 11m MEA 5m PZ 8m PZ
μ @ 40 ̊C(cP) 0.65 2.4 4.0 3.6 11.4
Water lean solvent.
Alkylcarbonates: IPADM-BOL
Switchable Carbamates:
TESA
Aminosilicones: GAP-0/TEG
Nonaqueous organic amine blends: AMP/PZ + EGME + 15 wt % H2O
μ @ 40 ̊C(cP) ~ 130 cP ~800 cP ~1300 cP ~30 cP
![Page 15: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
μL affects kL in two ways (how much?)15
• α – Direct influence via the turbulence of liquid
• βγ – Indirect influence via D of mass transfer species
kL = C1· μα·Dβ
D = C2· μγkL (kLa) = C3· μα+βγ
μL affects ae?
![Page 16: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Pilot packed column16
Blower180-450 ACFM
Storage Tank250 gal
Pump 2.5-30 gpm/ft2
Liquid Outlet
Liquid Inlet
Bypass
Air Inlet
Air Outlet
H: 25 ftZmax: 10 ft
I.D.: 16.8 in
F40 DistributorTrutna Collector
![Page 17: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Chemical systems17
• kG: Trace SO2/NaOH/H2O
• kL: Air/Toluene/H2O
• ae: Ambient CO2/NaOH/H2O
![Page 18: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Chemical systems18
• kG: Trace SO2/NaOH/H2O
• kL: Air/Toluene/H2O
• ae: Ambient CO2/NaOH/H2O + glycerol
+ glycerol (1–70 cP)
![Page 19: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Chemical systems19
• kG: Trace SO2/NaOH/H2O
• kL: Air/Toluene/H2O
• ae: Ambient CO2/NaOH/H2O
Kinetic model based on WWC exp.
+ glycerol
+ glycerol (1–70 cP)
![Page 20: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
SRP database20
• 21 Structured Packings
MellaPak®, Montz-Pak®, GT-Pak®, Flexipac®, etc
• 12 Random Packings
Pall Ring, IMTP®, Raschig-SuperRing®, etc
• 4 Hybrid Packings
Raschig-SuperPak®, Hiflow Plus®
• 1 Gauze Packing
![Page 21: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Contents
Introduction
Model of ae
Model of kL
Model of kG
Conclusions
21
• Mass transfer & Packings
• Why is µL important
• Methods & SRP database
• Scale-up: secondary area
• Effect of µL
• Scale up: packing height
• Effect of µL
• Significance of this work
• Recommendations
![Page 22: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Effective mass transfer area: ae22
0
100
200
300
400
500
0 100 200 300 400 500
a e,to
tal(
m2 /
m3 )
aP (m2/m3)
Plastic
Fractional area Φ = 1
M 252Y
M 250YS
Gauze
Structured YStructured X/ZRandomHybrid
![Page 23: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Secondary ae
23
Gas
Liquid
5 in.
10 ft.
6 ft.
![Page 24: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Secondary ae
24
aWall
aTop
Gas
Liquid
5 in.
10 ft.
6 ft.
aBot
aSecondary = aTop + aWall + aBot
aTotal = ae,packing + aSecondary
![Page 25: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Sec. ae is critical to scaling up25
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
5 10 20 40 80 160
Ratio
to to
tal a
rea
DColumn (in)
Wall area
Bottom area
Top area
Avg. value @ G = 300 ACFM, L = 10, 15, 20 gpm/ft2
M 250Y (10 ft)
M 250Y
![Page 26: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
ae Model26
𝑎𝑎𝑒𝑒,𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
𝑎𝑎𝑃𝑃= 1.16 � 𝜂𝜂 � 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 � 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹−
120.138
= 1.16 � 𝜂𝜂𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 � 𝜂𝜂𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑎𝑚𝑚 � 𝜂𝜂𝑚𝑚𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑚𝑚𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 �𝜌𝜌𝐿𝐿𝜎𝜎
� 𝑔𝑔 ⁄1 2 � 𝑢𝑢𝐿𝐿 � 𝑎𝑎𝑃𝑃⁄−3 2
0.138� 𝜇𝜇𝐿𝐿0
![Page 27: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
ae Model27
𝑎𝑎𝑒𝑒,𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝
𝑎𝑎𝑃𝑃= 1.16 � 𝜂𝜂 � 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 � 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹−
120.138
= 1.16 � 𝜂𝜂𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 � 𝜂𝜂𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑎𝑚𝑚 � 𝜂𝜂𝑚𝑚𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑚𝑚𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 �𝜌𝜌𝐿𝐿𝜎𝜎
� 𝑔𝑔 ⁄1 2 � 𝑢𝑢𝐿𝐿 � 𝑎𝑎𝑃𝑃⁄−3 2
0.138� 𝜇𝜇𝐿𝐿0
Random/hybrid:
𝜂𝜂𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡 = 1.34 − 0.26𝑎𝑎𝑃𝑃
250 Plastic:𝜂𝜂𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑡𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑚𝑎𝑎𝑚𝑚 = 0.62
Loading zone (ΔP ≥ 400 Pa/m):𝜂𝜂𝑚𝑚𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑚𝑚𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙 = 1.15
![Page 28: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
28
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Calc
ulat
ed/m
easu
red
a e,to
tal
Measured ae,total (m2/m3)
-20%
+20%
σ~72 mN/m, µ~1 cP
G = 300 ACFM
AAD = 8.9%
ae Model
![Page 29: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
ae model w/ viscosity 29
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
0.5 2 8 32
Rela
tive
erro
r
µL (cp)
Avg. value @ G = 300 ACFM, L = 10, 15, 20 gpm/ft2
PEG (Tsai)
Glycerol
![Page 30: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Contents
Introduction
Model of ae
Model of kL
Model of kG
Conclusions
30
• Mass transfer & Packings
• Why is µL important
• Methods & SRP database
• Scale-up: secondary area
• Effect of µL
• Scale up: packing height
• Effect of µL
• Significance of this work
• Recommendations
![Page 31: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Liquid film mass transfer coefficient: kL31
1
2
3
4
5
0 100 200 300 400 500
avg.
k L·µ0.
4 /D0.
5
aP (m2/m3)
Avg. value @ G = 300 ACFM, L = 10, 15, 20 gpm/ft2
Structured YStructured X/ZRandomHybrid
![Page 32: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Liquid film mass transfer coefficient: kL32
1
2
3
4
5
0 100 200 300 400 500
avg.
k L·µ0.
4 /D0.
5
aP (m2/m3)
Avg. value @ G = 300 ACFM, L = 10, 15, 20 gpm/ft2
Structured YStructured X/ZRandomHybrid
GTP 350 Y/Z
M 250 X/Y
![Page 33: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Scaling packing height (kL)33
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 1 2 3 4 5
k L·µL0.
4 /D0.
5(6
ftpa
ckin
g)
kL·µL0.4/D0.5 (10 ft packing)
![Page 34: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Scaling packing height (kL)34
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 1 2 3 4 5
k L·µL0.
4 /D0.
5(6
ftpa
ckin
g)
kL·µL0.4/D0.5 (10 ft packing)
6-10 ft Ratio
Structured 1.29
Hybrid 1.39
Random 1.54
Overall 1.32
![Page 35: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Scaling packing height (kL)35
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 1 2 3 4 5
k L·µL0.
4 /D0.
5(6
ftpa
ckin
g)
kL·µL0.4/D0.5 (10 ft packing)
6-10 ft Ratio
Structured 1.29
Hybrid 1.39
Random 1.54
Overall 1.32
Maldistribution is worse for taller bed
Correction = ln ⁄1.32 1ln ⁄6 10
= −0.54
![Page 36: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
kL Model36
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝐿𝐿 = 0.12 � 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝐿𝐿0.5 � 𝑅𝑅𝑊𝑊𝐿𝐿0.565 � 𝐺𝐺𝑎𝑎𝐿𝐿⁄1 6 �
𝑍𝑍1.8
−0.54
𝑘𝑘𝐿𝐿 = 0.12 � 𝑢𝑢𝐿𝐿0.565 �𝜇𝜇𝐿𝐿𝜌𝜌𝐿𝐿
−0.4
� 𝐷𝐷𝐿𝐿0.5 � 𝑔𝑔 ⁄1 6 � 𝑎𝑎𝑃𝑃−0.065 �𝑍𝑍
1.8
−0.54
![Page 37: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Dependence on µL of kL37
1.E-06
1.E-05
1.E-04
0.5 5 50
k L·aP0.
065 /
(uL0.
565 ·g
1/6 ·ρ
L0.4 )
µL (cP)
Hybrid
Structured
Random
-0.75 predicted in model
G = 300 ACFM
![Page 38: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Dependence on µL of kL38
1.E-06
1.E-05
1.E-04
0.5 5 50
k L·aP0.
065 /
(uL0.
565 ·g
1/6 ·ρ
L0.4 )
µL (cP)
Hybrid
Structured
Random
-0.75 predicted in model
G = 300 ACFM
Direct = -0.40
Indirect = -0.35
Universally applicable
System-specific based on D-µ relationship
![Page 39: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Comparison to other work: µL39
-100%
0%
100%
200%
300%
400%
500%
0.5 1 2 4 8 16 32 64
Rela
tive
erro
r = (k
Lam
odel
-kLa
exp)
/kLa
exp
µL (cP)
This work
Billet
Rocha
DelftValenz
M 250Y
![Page 40: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Contents
Introduction
Model of ae
Model of kL
Model of kG
Conclusions
40
• Mass transfer & Packings
• Why is µL important
• Methods & SRP database
• Scale-up: secondary area
• Effect of µL
• Scale up: packing height
• Effect of µL
• Significance of this work
• Recommendations
![Page 41: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Gas film mass transfer coefficient: kG41
0
4
8
12
0 100 200 300 400 500
avg.
k G/D0.
5
aP (m2/m3)
Avg. value @ L = 15 gpm/ft2, G = 180, 300, 450 ACFM
Structured YStructured X/ZRandomHybrid
![Page 42: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Gas film mass transfer coefficient: kG42
0
4
8
12
0 100 200 300 400 500
avg.
k G/D0.
5
aP (m2/m3)
Avg. value @ L = 15 gpm/ft2, G = 180, 300, 450 ACFM
Structured YStructured X/ZRandomHybrid
GTP 350 Y/Z
M 250 X/Y
![Page 43: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Model of kG43
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝐺𝐺 = 0.28 � 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝐺𝐺0.5 � 𝑅𝑅𝑊𝑊𝐺𝐺0.62 �sin 2𝛼𝛼
sin 2 × 45°
0.65
𝑘𝑘𝐺𝐺 = 0.28 � 𝑢𝑢𝐺𝐺0.62 �𝜇𝜇𝐺𝐺𝜌𝜌𝐺𝐺
−0.12
� 𝐷𝐷𝐺𝐺0.5 � 𝑎𝑎𝑃𝑃0.38 � sin 2𝛼𝛼 0.65
aeffective = 45° (for random/hybrid packings)
![Page 44: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Finer packings are more controlled by kL44
0.001
0.002
0.004
0.008
50 100 200 400
Avg.
kL/
k G@
25
°C
aP (m2/m3)
Baseline: σ ~ 72 mN/m, µ ~ 1 cP
Structured YStructured X/ZRandomHybrid
![Page 45: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Contents
Introduction
Model of ae
Model of kL
Model of kG
Conclusions
45
• Mass transfer & Packings
• Why is µL important
• Methods & SRP database
• Scale-up: secondary area
• Effect of µL
• Scale up: packing height
• Effect of µL
• Significance of this work
• Recommendations
![Page 46: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Significance of this work46
• Reliable & simple mass transfer models
• Large database & column size, variance of µL
• No packing-specific parameter
•
•
•
𝑎𝑎𝑡𝑡,𝑡𝑡𝑎𝑎𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑝𝑚𝑚𝑙𝑙𝑙𝑙
𝑎𝑎𝑃𝑃= 1.16 � 𝜂𝜂 � 𝑊𝑊𝑊𝑊 � 𝐹𝐹𝐹𝐹−
120.138
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝐿𝐿 = 0.12 � 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝐿𝐿0.5 � 𝑅𝑅𝑊𝑊𝐿𝐿0.565 � 𝐺𝐺𝑎𝑎𝐿𝐿⁄1 6 �
𝑍𝑍1.8
−0.54
𝑆𝑆𝑆𝐺𝐺 = 0.28 � 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝐺𝐺0.5 � 𝑅𝑅𝑊𝑊𝐺𝐺0.62 � sin 2𝛼𝛼 0.65
• Selection of packing
• aP, α, material, type
• Selection of solvent
• µL, σ, ρL
• Selection of operating condition
• L, G
• Scale-up of column design
• Secondary effect, liquid maldistribution
![Page 47: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Conclusions
kL ∝ µL-0.75 (-0.4 & -0.35)
ae ≠ f (µL)
All types of packings have similar behavior in ΔµL
Z (or L/D) may strongly affect mass transfer
47
Recommendations
Avoid finest packings
Use low µL solvent
Use reliable models (developed in this work)
![Page 48: Modeling Mass Transfer Performance of Packings · MellaPak ®, Montz-Pak ®, GT-Pak ... Billet. Rocha. Delft. Valenz. M 250Y. Contents Introduction Model of a e Model of k L Model](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022060608/605f5947b604cd32717bc56f/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Thanks!
48
University of Texas at Austin
Di Song (Graduating 10/2017)
512-750-1480