modeling myocardial infarction finding a method: aim? appropriate method? - learning curve
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Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve - validation money – time quality – quantity of results human relevance animals – human (healthy volunteers, patients) subcellular – in vitro (cells, organs) – in vivo - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 1
Modeling myocardial infarction
Finding a method:
Aim?
Appropriate method?- learning curve- validationmoney – timequality – quantity of resultshuman relevance
animals – human (healthy volunteers, patients)subcellular – in vitro (cells, organs) – in vivo
Make a compromise!
![Page 2: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 2
Modeling myocardial infarction
Study endpoints:? brain, liver, kidneyheart – pump function
impulse production, -propagation, connective tissue, vascular network
size, histology, ultrastructureexcitation-contraction
ion-movementselectric activity basal function biochemistry – substrate uptake pathology
metabolism, regulation pharmacologypump function
hemodynamics, contractilitygene expression-regulation
![Page 3: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 3
Modeling myocardial infarction
Study endpoints:? brain, liver, kidneyheart – pump function
impulse production, -propagation, connective tissue, vascular network
size, histology, ultrastructureexcitation-contraction
ion-movementselectric activity basal function biochemistry – substrate uptake pathology
metabolism, regulation pharmacologypump function
hemodynamics, contractilitygene expression-regulation
![Page 4: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 4
Modeling myocardial infarction
Species differences:mice, rat
easy breding small heart sizeshort life cycle high heart ratemass data short APDgenetic manipulation Ito IKr IKs
collaterals spontaneous CVD
larger animalsrabbitdog (variable collaterals – elderly human)pig (no collaterals – young human)
![Page 5: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 5
Modeling myocardial infarction
Species differences:mice, rat
easy breding small heart sizeshort life cycle high heart ratemass data short APDgenetic manipulation Ito IKr IKs
collaterals spontaneous CVD
larger animalsrabbitdog (variable collaterals – elderly human)pig (no collaterals – young human)
![Page 6: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 6
Modeling myocardial infarction
Species differences:mice, rat
easy breding small heart sizeshort life cycle high heart ratemass data short APDgenetic manipulation Ito IKr IKs
collaterals spontaneous CVD
larger animalsrabbitdog (variable collaterals – elderly human)pig (no collaterals – young human)
![Page 7: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 7
Modeling myocardial infarction
Species differences:human
The only relevant ‘animal’!new diagnostic methods ethical problems
(ECG, Holter, US, NMR, PET) large individual diff.
morphology expensivein vitro – acute investigations
isolated cellspatch-clamp
tissue (perfused? temperature?)contractility, biochemistry, electrophysiology
mol-biol methodsill-defined gene expression
Diseased heart!
![Page 8: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 8
Modeling myocardial infarction
Species differences:human
The only relevant ‘animal’!new diagnostic methods ethical problems
(ECG, Holter, US, NMR, PET) large individual diff.
morphology expensivein vitro – acute investigations
isolated cellspatch-clamp
tissue (perfused? temperature?)contractility, biochemistry, electrophysiology
mol-biol methodsill-defined gene expression
Diseased heart!
![Page 9: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 9
Modeling myocardial infarction
Species differences:human
The only relevant ‘animal’!new diagnostic methods ethical problems
(ECG, Holter, US, NMR, PET) large individual diff.
morphology expensivein vitro – acute investigations
isolated cellspatch-clamp
tissue (perfused? temperature?)contractility, biochemistry, electrophysiology
mol-biol methodsill-defined gene expression
Diseased heart!
![Page 10: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 10
Modeling myocardial infarction
In vitro – small animalsrat, rabbit, guinea-pig – miceisolated heart – perfused – buffer – blood
– Langendorff – working (CO, preload, afterload)
hypoxia – ischemia (low flow – complete)global – regionalhemodynamics – biochemistry – morphology
NMR, surface fluorescence (Ca++, H+)monophasic action potential – maping
isolated tissue (auricle, ventricle, Purkinje fiber)isolated cellmembrane patch ( ischemia !)
Healthy heart! Disease models (diabetes, hypertension)! Genetic manipulation (human ill-defined genes)!
![Page 11: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 11
Modeling myocardial infarction
In vitro – small animalsrat, rabbit, guinea-pig – miceisolated heart – perfused – buffer – blood
– Langendorff – working (CO, preload, afterload)
hypoxia – ischemia (low flow – complete)global – regionalhemodynamics – biochemistry – morphology
NMR, surface fluorescence (Ca++, H+)monophasic action potential – maping
isolated tissue (auricle, ventricle, Purkinje fiber)isolated cellmembrane patch ( ischemia !)
Healthy heart! Disease models (diabetes, hypertension)! Genetic manipulation (human ill-defined genes)!
![Page 12: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 12
Modeling myocardial infarction
In vitro – small animalsrat, rabbit, guinea-pig – miceisolated heart – perfused – buffer – blood
– Langendorff – working (CO, preload, afterload)
hypoxia – ischemia (low flow – complete)global – regionalhemodynamics – biochemistry – morphology
NMR, surface fluorescence (Ca++, H+)monophasic action potential – maping
isolated tissue (auricle, ventricle, Purkinje fiber)isolated cellmembrane patch ( ischemia !)
Healthy heart! Disease models (diabetes, hypertension)! Genetic manipulation (human ill-defined genes)!
![Page 13: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 13
Modeling myocardial infarction
In vitro – small animalsrat, rabbit, guinea-pig – miceisolated heart – perfused – buffer – blood
– Langendorff – working (CO, preload, afterload)
hypoxia – ischemia (low flow – complete)global – regionalhemodynamics – biochemistry – morphology
NMR, surface fluorescence (Ca++, H+)monophasic action potential – maping
isolated tissue (auricle, ventricle, Purkinje fiber)isolated cellmembrane patch ( ischemia !)
Healthy heart! Disease models (diabetes, hypertension)! Genetic manipulation (human ill-defined genes)!
![Page 14: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 14
Modeling myocardial infarction
In vivo – small animalsrat, rabbit, guinea-pig – mice
reproducibility small liability to arrhyth.inexpensive gp < mice < rabbit < ratlarge number spontaneous defibr.tolerate surgery rabbit < rat < mice chronic invest.
conscious – anesthetizedacute surgery (open chest) – chronic surgerychemical arrhythmia models
(aconitine, BaCl, ouabain)coronary artery occlusion
Healthy heart! Disease models (diabetes, hypertension)! Genetic manipulation (human ill-defined genes)!
![Page 15: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 15
Modeling myocardial infarction
In vivo – small animalsrat, rabbit, guinea-pig – mice
reproducibility small liability to arrhyth.inexpensive gp < mice < rabbit < ratlarge number spontaneous defibr.tolerate surgery rabbit < rat < mice chronic invest.
conscious – anesthetizedacute surgery (open chest) – chronic surgerychemical arrhythmia models
(aconitine, BaCl, ouabain)coronary artery occlusion
Healthy heart! Disease models (diabetes, hypertension)! Genetic manipulation (human ill-defined genes)!
![Page 16: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 16
Modeling myocardial infarction
In vivo – small animalsrat, rabbit, guinea-pig – mice
reproducibility small liability to arrhyth.inexpensive gp < mice < rabbit < ratlarge number spontaneous defibr.tolerate surgery rabbit < rat < mice chronic invest.
conscious – anesthetizedacute surgery (open chest) – chronic surgerychemical arrhythmia models
(aconitine, BaCl, ouabain)coronary artery occlusion
Healthy heart! Disease models (diabetes, hypertension)! Genetic manipulation (human ill-defined genes)!
![Page 17: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 17
Modeling myocardial infarction In vivo – large animals
dog, pigreproducibility ? variable arrhythmogenexpensive collateralsfew animals less tolerate surgerychronic invest.
conscious – anesthetizedacute surgery (open chest) – chronic surgeryrtg, pacemaker, intracavital electrophysiologycoronary artery occlusion – baloon catheter
Healthy heart! Disease models (diabetes, hypertension)! Genetic manipulation (human ill-defined genes)!
![Page 18: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 18
Modeling myocardial infarction In vivo – large animals
dog, pigreproducibility ? variable arrhythmogenexpensive collateralsfew animals less tolerate surgerychronic invest.
conscious – anesthetizedacute surgery (open chest) – chronic surgeryrtg, pacemaker, intracavital electrophysiologycoronary artery occlusion – baloon catheter
Healthy heart! Disease models (diabetes, hypertension)! Genetic manipulation (human ill-defined genes)!
![Page 19: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 19
Modeling myocardial infarction In vivo – large animals
dog, pigreproducibility ? variable arrhythmogenexpensive collateralsfew animals less tolerate surgerychronic invest.
conscious – anesthetizedacute surgery (open chest) – chronic surgeryrtg, pacemaker, intracavital electrophysiologycoronary artery occlusion – baloon catheter
Healthy heart! Disease models (diabetes, hypertension)! Genetic manipulation (human ill-defined genes)!
![Page 20: Modeling myocardial infarction Finding a method: Aim? Appropriate method? - learning curve](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022072013/56812b07550346895d8ee908/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
(Dr. Leprán István) 20
Thank you for your attention !