modernism

Modernism & BeyondPart 1

What is Modernism?A revolution within Art. At the end of the 19th century artists challenged the traditions of the past. Artists were motivated to express their interpretation of the world and themselves in new ways, rejecting the approaches of their predecessors.

From this To this

Example of the change- 500 years of female portraits

John ConstableThe Hay Wain -1821

Mark Rothko (1903-1970)No. 3/No. 13 1949

The Industrial Revolution, a period that lasted from the 18th to the 19th century, in which rapid changes in manufacturing, transportation, and technology profoundly affected the social, economic, and cultural conditions of life.

Artists living in the rapidly modernising world of late 19th-century Europe wished not only to depict modern everyday life, but also to reveal the emotional and psychological effects of living in a world in rapid flux.

Artists like Henri Matisse and Paul Cézanne continued to paint quite traditional subject matter—landscapes, portraits and still lifes—but they explored them in ways that shocked their contemporaries.

Landscape at Collioure. 1905.Henri Matisse (French, 1869–1954)

Still Life with Apples. 1898Paul Cézanne (French, 1839–1906)

What were the catalysts for the changes within Art?

The invention of the camera meant that artists no longer had to depict the world in a realistic way.

The Impressionists focused more on capturing the changing qualities of light and atmosphere. They aimed to evoke a mood in the viewer, they interpreted a scene rather than creating a realistic representation.


MonetImpression Sunrise1872

With the publication of psychologist Sigmund Freud’s The Interpretation of Dreams (1899) and the popularisation of the idea of a subconscious mind, many artists began exploring dreams, symbolism, and personal iconography as avenues for the depiction of their subjective experiences.


Max ErnstOedipus Rex, 1922

ImpressionismPost-ImpressionismFauvism

Modernism timelineSlide show Impressionism & Post-Impressionism

1870 1880 1890 19101900 1920

Impressionism

Post-ImpressionismFauvism

German ExpressionismSymbolism

PointillismArt Nouveau

1872-87- Edwaerd Muybridge photographs a horse in motion. Photographs movement in order to study physiology of animals and humans. Contemporary of Etienne Marey.

1877- Thomas Edison demonstrates a hand cranked phonograph.

1884- Steam turbine invented.

1889- Eiffel Tower is completed in Paris.

1895- Lumiere Brothers demonstrate a cinema projector.

1899- Boer War begins against the British in South Africa.

1914-18- 1st World War.

1913- Igor Stravinsky initiates modernist music with a riotous performance of The Rite of Spring in Paris.

Impressionism (c.1870-1890)

Degas

Are the colours what you would expect to see in reality?

Is the painting realistic?

What is she doing?

Where is she?

Does her expression and pose giveus any insight into her character?

Post-Impressionism (c.1885-1905)



Does his expression and pose giveus any insight into his character?

What do the colours suggest?

What do you know about this man?Have any of your answers been influenced by other information you might know about him?

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Van Gogh

Fauvism (1905-1910)



What names would you give to thegroups of colours used?

Do the colours help you understand anything about the subject?

Derain

Task:Create a Fauvist inspired self portrait.Use warm colours and cool colours .

Either divide the face into two halves. Or use cooler colours in the shadows

Either divide the face into two halves. Or use cooler colours in the shadows

You don’t have to use the acetate. You can collage over the original image. This is more tricky so it’s important that your shapes are absolutely accurate!

Extension: Draw from the collage in oil pastels.

Cubism

Modernism timelineCubism and Futurism slide show

1870 1880 1890 19101900 1920

Impressionism












Cubism

Cubism (1907-1919)

Picasso



What is she doing?

Where is she?

Do we learn anything about her character or the time it was created?

1

Arrange a collection of objects and create a line drawing of the composition.

Task:Create a Cubist inspired, still life, chalk drawing.

1

2

Move to a different point of the still life, draw this view over the top of your first drawing.

1

2

3

Move to a different point of the still life, draw this view over the top of your drawing.

Identify separate shapes within your drawing that have been created by layering the separate views.

Do not outline recognisable objects from the original still life.

Shade each section showing a transition from light to dark.

Make sure that no two shapes have the same colour / tone next to each other.

Futurism

1870 1880 1890 19101900 1920

Impressionism








1895- Lumiere Borthers demonstrate a cinema projector.




Cubism

Futurism

Modernism timelineCubism and Futurism slide show

Futurism (1909-1916) Bragaglia

Do the subjects look human?

What does the man in the Prampolini image looklike?

What can you see in the background of the bottom image?

From looking at these images, what would yousay the Futurists were interested in?

Prampolini

FuturismThe Futurists loved speed, noise, machines, pollution, and cities; they embraced the exciting new world that was then upon them.

FuturismThe Futurism movement really began with the publication of the poet Filippo Marinetti’s Futurism Manifesto, in Le Figaro in February 1909.

The manifesto included the following points:

We want to sing the love of danger, the habit of energy and rashness.

We declare that the splendour of the world has been enriched by a new beauty: the beauty of speed. A racing automobile with its bonnet adorned with great tubes like serpents with explosive breath ... a roaring motor car which seems to run on machine-gun fire, is more beautiful than the Victory of Samothrace.

We want to sing the man at the wheel, the ideal axis of which crosses the earth, itself hurled along its orbit.

Giacomo Balla

Task:Create an image that expresses movement.

Use the photographs taken by E.J. Marey and Edwaerd Muybridge to mono print from.

• Ink up your acrylic plate with a roller • Make sure you have a thin layer of ink that covers the plate. • Blot excess ink off using newspaper. You want it to just go on your finger and

not be too sticky. • Place your paper onto the ink and carefully lay an image down to trace. • The ink will go onto the paper wherever you put pressure so try not to rub

your hand over the paper as you are drawing. • When you have finished lift the paper to see your final print.

To develop your print work into it with paints, pencil crayon, oil pastels, collage. Use different coloured and textured back-grounds to work onto. Experiment with a range of pressures and types of line.

Images to monoprint

Muybridge

Images to monoprint

E. J. Marey

DadaSurrealism

Modernism timelineDada and Surrealism slideshow

19101900 1920

Fauvism

German Expressionism





Cubism

1930 1940

Futurism Dada

Orphism

Die Brucke

Der Blaue Reiter

De Stijl

Constructivism

Bauhaus

1924- First round the world flight.

1927- First demonstration of television.

1929- US stock market crashes. World economic depression sets in.

1933- Adolf Hitler comes to power.

1933- German bombers annihilate the town, Guernica.

1939- World War 2 begins as Germany invades Poland.

Surrealism

Dada (1916-1922)

Are these realistic portraits?

How have they been made- is it a traditional way of working?

Does the word ‘Dada’ mean anything to you?

Hannah Hoch Raoul Hausmann

Surrealism (1924 – 1939, disbanded by WW2)

Are these realistic portraits? Are they possible situations?

When might you experience these images?

Salvador Dali Rene Magritte

Task:Create an imaginary space.There are recurring motifs within the work of the Surrealists, particularly within the work of Dali, Magritte and Georgio de Chirico. Use a combination of these symbols to create a surreal place- collage, trace or draw fee hand.

Think carefully about:• The location- start with this;• Foreground, mid-ground and background;• Scale of the objects in relation to each other;• The time of day. Give your objects shadows if they are outside. The

longer they are the later in the day it is.

Abstract ExpressionismPop-Art

Modernism timelineAbstract Expressionism slideshowPop Art slideshow

1920


1930 1940

Dada

Der Blaue Reiter

De Stijl

Constructivism

Bauhaus

1924- First round the world flight.

1927- First demonstration of television.

1929- US stock market crashes. World economic depression sets in.




Surrealism

1950 1960

Abstract Expressionism

Colour Field Painting

Pop Art

1970

1945- Hostilities end in Europe.US drops atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki ending the war in the Pacific.

1950- Korean War begins.

1956- Alabama bus boycott. Civil rights movement is born.

1961- USSR send first manned flight into space

1969- Two US astronauts walk on the moon.

How would you describe the marks in this painting?

What atmosphere has been created? Does the title of the piece help?

How does this piece make you feel?

Abstract Expressionism 1945 - 1960

Jackson PollockNo. 1 (Lavender Mist)1950

Task:Divide a page in your book into 4. Listen to the four different pieces of music that Jackson Pollock would listen to while painting. Draw the marks and shapes that you feel reflect each piece.

Duke Ellington: 'Solitude’Louis Armstrong: 'Mahogany Hall Stomp’Coleman Hawkins: 'My Ideal'Count Basie and His Orchestra: Boogie Woogie Blues

Extension: Work collaboratively on one piece combining the different marks for one piece of music.

Pop Art mid 1950s-1960s

What do you see?

What do you think the Pop artists were inspired by?

Are there any portraits here?

Task:Create a piece in the style of Roy Lichtenstein.

• In groups of 2/3 create a scene reminiscent of cartoon images. Keep the composition cropped tight to heads and shoulders.• By next week your teacher will have printed these images and enlarged them to at least A3.• Trace your image and transfer it onto cartridge paper.• Work the paint with sponges through the punchinella to add colour and create a similar effect to Lichtenstein’s, comic book ink dots.

Op Art

Modernism timelineOp Art slideshow

1940




1950 1960

Abstract Expressionism

Colour Field Painting

Pop Art

1970

1945- Hostilities end in Europe.US drops atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki ending the war in the Pacific.

1950- Korean War begins.

1956- Alabama bus boycott. Civil rights movement is born.

1961- USSR send first manned flight into space

1969- Two US astronauts walk on the moon.

Minimalism

1980 1990

Op Art

Neo-Expressionism

1973- Cease fire declared in Vietnam.

1980- IBM introduces personal computer.

1989- Berlin Wall is torn down.

Op Art 1964 - 1970

Bridget Riley‘Hesitate’ 1964

Explain what you see to your partner.

Does the image appear to move?

How has Riley achieved this effect?

There are three main effects of Op Art

3 Dimensional Illusion Movement

Label the effect of each below.

1._____________ 2.______________ 3._____________

Follow the steps below to create a simple op art design in the box below.

Draw a set of parallel lines down the centre of your page.

Now draw vertical lines through the lines. Make the lines get gradually closer towards the centre then gradually increase the spacing towards the other side.

Neatly colour squares alternately in black.

Task:Create an optical piece of work.

Creating more complex Op ArtFollow the steps below to create a more complex op art design.

Draw a circle. Grid the circle but make the lines flex with the shape of the circle.

Draw a grid in the back ground.

Neatly colour squares alternately in black.

Presentation idea

modernism

Documents

cooler colours

warm colours

cool colours

groups of colours

world war

painting realistic

century artists

realistic representation