(modified from) chapter 3 marine provinces essentials of oceanography 7 th edition
DESCRIPTION
Bathymetry Bathymetry is the measurement of ocean depths and the charting of the shape or topography of the ocean floorTRANSCRIPT
Learning TargetsBe able to…
Explain bathymetry Describe features of the sea floorIdentify a passive vs. an active continental margin
BathymetryBathymetry is
the measurement of ocean depths and the charting of the shape or topography of the ocean floor
Bathymetric techniquesSide-scan sonar uses a “fish” towed behind a ship to give a more detailed picture of the sea floor
Figure 3-2
Bathymetric techniquesSatellites measure sea surface elevation, which mimics sea floor bathymetry
Figure 3D
The hypsographic curveThe hypsographic curve shows the relationship between the height of the land and the depth of the oceans Figure 3-4
Major regions of the North Atlantic Ocean floor
Continental marginOcean basin floorMid-ocean ridge
Figure 3-5
Passive versus active continental margins
Active marginPlate boundary
ConvergentShelfSlope (steep)Trench
TransformContinental
borderland
Figure 3-6
Abyssal plainsDeep flat areas formed by suspension settlingVolcanic peaks poke through the sediment
Abyssal hills (seaknolls)SeamountsTablemounts (guyots)
Figure 3-9
Ocean trenchesDeepest parts of the oceanFormed by plate convergenceMost trenches are in the Pacific OceanAssociated with volcanic arcs
Island arcContinental arc
Figure 3-10
The mid-ocean ridgeCircles the globe like the seam of a baseballMostly traverses the middle of ocean basins A topographically high mountain rangeEntirely volcanic in originAssociated with plate divergenceIn the Pacific Ocean, called the East Pacific RiseIn the Atlantic Ocean, called the Mid-Atlantic RidgeInternet flybys of portions of the mid-ocean ridge
Features of the mid-ocean ridgeRift valleys
Form when plates split apartDown-dropped areas associated with faults and earthquakes
Figure 3-13
Features of the mid-ocean ridgePillow lava
Forms when hot lava comes into contact with cold seawater and quickly coolsBasalt composition
Figure 3-14
Features of the mid-ocean ridgeHydrothermal vents
Form when seawater is heated by magmaBlack smokers emit hot water through chimneysAssociated with metal sulfide deposits and unusual lifeforms
Figure 3-15
Learning TargetsBe able to…
Explain bathymetry Describe features of the sea floorIdentify a passive vs. an active continental margin