modified media filter drain mix with alternate aggregate gradingcem.uaf.edu › media › 138813 ›...

ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015 1

Modified Media Filter Drain Mix

with Alternate Aggregate Grading

By

Maxwell Freimund, Liv Haselbach, Cara Poor, and Agathe Thomas

Washington State University

For presentation at the International Symposium on Systematic Approaches to Environmental

Sustainability in Transportation

ISSAEST

Fairbanks, Alaska: August 2015

Acknowledgements

This work is forms the basis for additional research:

Extended Performance of Media Filter Drains: New

Media

by Liv Haselbach, Justin Rath and Maxwell Friemund.

(Also presented at ISSAEST August 2015)

The authors are grateful for funding provided for these projects by

WSDOT and PACTRANS, for material provided by Motley – Motley Inc.,

and for laboratory assistance and former work by Cara Poor, Agathe

Thomas, Erica Iverson, Andrew Hoover, Vincent McIntyre, Taha Kabbaj,

Brandon Werner and the GeoAnalytical Laboratory at Washington State

University.

ISSAEST, Fairbanks, AK, USA, August 2-5, 2015

Acknowledgements

This work forms the basis for additional research:

Extended Performance of Media Filter Drains: New Media

by Liv Haselbach, Justin Rath and Maxwell Friemund.

(Also presented at ISSAEST August 2015)

The authors are grateful for funding provided for these projects by WSDOT and PACTRANS, for material provided by Motley – Motley Inc., and for laboratory assistance and former work by Cara Poor, Agathe Thomas, Erica Iverson, Andrew Hoover, Vincent McIntyre, Taha Kabbaj, Brandon Werner and the GeoAnalytical Laboratory at Washington State University.


References

- Dean, C., Sansalone, J., Cartledge, F., and Pardue, J. (2005). “Influence of Hydrology on Rainfall-Runoff Metal Element Speciation.” J. of Env. Eng., 131(4), 632-643.

- Eaton, A. D., and Franson, M. A. H. (2005). Standard methods for the examination of water & wastewater. American Public Health Association. Washington, DC.

- Gnecco, I., Sansalone, J. J. and Lanza, L. G. (2008). "Speciation of Zinc and Copper in Stormwater Pavement Runoff from Airside and Landside Aviation Land Uses." Water, Air & Soil Pollution, 192, 321-336.

- Poor, C and Haselbach, L. (2014). Media Filter Drains: Modified Design Evaluation, Final Project Report, Pacific Northwest Transportation Consortium (PacTrans), September 15, 2014. http://depts.washington.edu/pactrans/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/PacTrans-21-739428-Haselbach-Liv-Small-Project.pdf

- Sandahl, J. F., Baldwin, D. H., Jenkins, J. J. and Scholz, N. L. (2007). "A Sensory System at the Interface between Urban Stormwater Runoff and Salmon Survival." Eng. Sci. and Tech., 41(8), 2998-3004.

- Schueler, T. R., and Holland, H. K. (2000). The practice of watershed protection. Center for Watershed Protection. Ellicott City, Md.

- Stumm, W., and Morgan, J. J. (1996) Aquatic chemistry: Chemical Equilibria and Rates in Natural Waters. Wiley. New York.

- WAC (Washington Administrative Code). (2011). Water Quality Standards for Surface Waters of the State of Washington. WAC 173-201A-240. Washington State Legislature. Olympia, WA.

- WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation). (2006). Ecology Embankment Study. Olympia, WA.

- WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation). (2011). Highway Runoff Manual. Olympia, WA.

- WSDOT (Washington State Department of Transportation). (2012). “Section 9-03.1 (4)C Grading,

AASHTO Grading No. 8.” Standard Specifications for Road, Bridge, and Municipal Construction,

M 41-10. Olympia, WA: 9-12.

http://depts.washington.edu/pactrans/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/PacTrans-21-739428-Haselbach-Liv-Small-Project.pdf
















Filled trench next to the highway that receives stormwater runoff after filtering through vegetation, typically with underdrain discharge. It is filled with a mixture of :

•Aggregate, •Perlite •Gypsum Active Ingredients •Dolomite

(It is also known as an Ecology Embankment or a Bioslope.)

What is a Media Filter Drain (MFD)?


MFD Detail

Note that some MFDs have grass on top.


Pictures of Some Existing MFDs


• Design was originally established for at least a ten year life for dissolved zinc and copper removal and some MFDs have been around for 15+ years.

• Zinc and copper are of concern in many receiving waters.

• The aggregate gradation used originally is no longer as readily available. A similar one with fewer fines is typically used in roadwork and inexpensive.

• The first question answered in this presentation asked if the MFD is effective with this new design. (They also added some more active ingredients.)

• The additional work in the other presentation added more laboratory simulations for an extended life evaluation.

Issue


Simulated Runon!


• Simulated long-term loading by accelerated loading with very concentrated dissolved zinc and copper solutions (not representative of stormwater concentrations). (Accelerated Loading)

• Did this on six columns in the lab. (To Event 112)

• Also periodically tested performance with applications of solutions with concentrations representative of stormwater, at the higher range. (Performance Testing)

Methodology


Aggregate Gradation Review


Experimental

Design


Influent and Effluent Copper


Copper Percent Concentration

Reduction


Influent and Effluent Zinc


Zinc Percent Concentration Reduction


High Concentration Performance

Tests: Copper


High Concentration Performance

Tests: Zinc


Comparison to Other BMPs: Copper

Typical Runoff Concentrations


Comparison to Other BMPs: Zinc

Typical Runoff Concentrations


• Enhanced treatment for both copper and zinc throughout the testing

• Lifespans greater than14 years…based on:

• rain in Western Washington

• 9 times the surface area for runon from traffic

• 3 foot wide MFD with 12 inch depth of media

• Typical highway runoff concentrations

• 20 ppb copper and 100 ppb zinc

• More testing for even longer terms suggested

• Testing of residual metals in columns suggested

Conclusions


Thank you!

modified media filter drain mix with alternate aggregate gradingcem.uaf.edu › media › 138813 ›...

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