Module 3: Basic analyses

Module 3: Learning objectives

Understand common analyses that calculate program coverage and efficiency

Calculate program coverage and retention

Terminology

Indicator

Program coverage

Service availability

Service utilization

Program retention

Indicator

Program element that needs tracking

Measures an aspect of a program’s performance

Measures changes over a period of time

• Number of new family planning users

• Number of clients currently on ART

Expressed as a number or percentage

Common Analyses

Program coverage

Extent to which a program reaches its intended target population, institution, or geographic area

Compare current performance to prior year/quarter

Compare performance between sites

Program retention

Extent to which the range of services are being delivered as initially intended so that client drop-outs are minimal

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Why do we need to measure coverage? To understand program progress

To determine if the target is reached Clients, commodities, adherence…

To determine if one target is reached more effectively than another

• Are there underserved areas/regions, subpopulations?

Program coverage

Extent to which a program reaches its intended target population, institution, or geographic area

Utilization:

Is the target population utilizing services, accessing commodities, being reached with services?

Availability:

Are the services available where there is a need?

Utilization calculation

Percentage of the target population utilizing services

# of individuals in target population using a service

------------------------------------------- x 100

# of individuals in target population

Utilization calculation – example

No. of persons educated as of 6/12/09 = 300

Goal for 12/31/09 = 900

300

900

You have reached 33% of your target group with education messages

= 0.33 x 100 = 33%

Comparison of time periods

Compare percentage achieved toward target in different time periods, different sites, etc.

Rate of increase

As of January, 70 people educated; as of June, 300 people

300 - 70 = 230 increase in people educated

230/6 = 38.3 new people educated per month

Sought prenatal care (600)

All pregnant women (2,000)

PMTCT Target (1,000)

Utilization =

Service users Target population

Counseled & Tested for HIV (500)

Utilization of PMTCT Programs

Utilization =

600/ 1,000 = 0.6

0.6 x 100 = 60%

Program coverage

Extent to which a program reaches its intended target population, institution, or geographic area

Utilization:

Is the target population utilizing services, accessing commodities, being reached with services?

Availability:

Are the services available where there is a need?

Availability calculation

Number of service outlets available per target population

Number of clinics with PMTCT per number of pregnant women

Expressed as a ratio

PMTCT clinic availability

There are 8 clinics offering PMTCT & 100,000 pregnant women in region X.

Ratio of clinics to pregnant women 8:100,000

Reduce (1:12,500) pregnant women

The standard recommendation is 1 clinic with PMTCT services per 10,000 pregnant women

Clinic availability is not reaching the target

Availability + Utilization = Coverage

Service availability is 1:12,500

Service availability target is 1:10,000

PMTCT service utilization is 25% off the target

What can we conclude?

Service availability and utilization are too low; the program is not meeting the needs of pregnant women.

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Program retention

Measures if the range of services are being delivered as initially intended

Determines program retention, i.e., if the project is keeping clients through entire package of services

• Important in clinical programs where drug adherence is an issue (TB, HIV/AIDS, immunization) and there are multiple steps (PMTCT)

Utilization

Retention example: Immunization

Completion

Tested for HIV (500)

Sought prenatal care (600)

All pregnant women (2,000 women)

PMTCT Target(1,000)

40 received prophylaxis

350 received HIV- result or no result

100 received HIV+ result

PMTCT Program Retention

Tested for HIV

Sought prenatal care

All pregnant women (2,000 women)

40 received prophylaxis

350 received HIV- result

100 received HIV+ result

1,000

500

PMTCT Program Retention

Tested for HIV (500)

Sought prenatal care (600)

All pregnant women (2,000 women)

PMTCT Target(1,000)

40 received prophylaxis

350 received HIV- result

100 received HIV+ result

PMTCT Program Retention

Tested for HIV (500)

Sought prenatal care (600)

All pregnant women (2,000 women)

PMTCT Target(1,000)

40 received prophylaxis

350 received HIV- result or no result

100 received HIV+ result

PMTCT Program Retention

Tested for HIV (500)

Sought prenatal care (600)

All pregnant women (2,000 women)

PMTCT Target(1,000)

40 received prophylaxis

350 received HIV- result or no result

100 received HIV+ result

PMTCT Program Retention

Key messages

Coverage – extent to which a program reaches its intended target population, institution, or geographic area

Retention – the extent to which the range of services are being delivered as initially intended with clients retained throughout the full package of services

It is important to look at both to fully understand your services