module 3 loss and grief community-based psychosocial support · module 3

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Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

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Page 1: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Module 3 Loss and grief

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Page 2: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Loss and grief

• Loss and common reactions to loss

• The grief process and complicating factors

• How to help grieving persons

Page 3: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Loss and grief

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

What are your thoughts and feelings about the theme of the module loss and grief ?

Page 4: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Various types of losses

Work in groups of three to four.

• Examine situations form your work where you have experienced other people’s loss

• Write down at lest three types of loss you have recognized

Page 5: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Loss (1)

Loss is mainly associated with the death of a loved one. However, it also results from:

• Loss of loved ones e.g. ending a relationship

• Loss of property • Loss of dignity, trust and safety• Loss of livelihood

Page 6: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Loss (2)

• Loss of control over one’s life

• Loss of social infrastructure

• Loss of self-esteem

• Loss of confidence in the future

• Loss related to illness or disability

• Multiple losses

Page 7: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Loss of property, infrastructure, livelihood…

Page 8: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Loss of control, dignity, safety, trust, inititative…

Page 9: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Loss related to illness

In case of illness the person also goes through a process of losing which may or may not end by loss of life:– Loss of physical strength– Loss of mobility– Loss of job– Loss of physical attractiveness– Loss of sexual ability– Loss of social life– Multiple losses......

Page 10: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Different reactions to loss

Individual work

• Think about possible reactions to the losses you have just worked with in the previous activity:– What kind of reactions did you experience?

– Who were the persons involved?

– How did they experience the situation?

Page 11: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Sudden loss

• Sudden loss occurs without any warning– No opportunity to prepare for the loss

– No time to say good-bye

– Unable to take care of unfinished business

– No time to prepare the bereavement

• Sudden loss can both be related to death and to a missing person e.g. human trafficking or missing in conflict

Page 12: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Common reactions to sudden loss

• Shock• Anger• Guilt• Depression• Despair• Hopelessness• Search for meaning• Religious and spiritual

beliefs get challenged• Goals and plans get re-

evaluated

Page 13: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · TRAINER'S BOOK MODULE 3

Characteristics of the grieving process

Individual work

• Write down the first three characteristics of a grieving process that come to mind

Page 14: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · TRAINER'S BOOK MODULE 3

Four areas of adjustments

Page 15: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Factors that complicate the grieving process

• Traumatic  circumstances - if the body is never found, molestation of the body, sudden loss, suffering when dying 

• Death of more than one – a greater loss, difficulty handling the different feelings towards the diseased persons

• Ambiguous feelings – relief after a long course of a disease, complicated relations to the diseased

Page 16: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Factors that complicate the grieving process

Page 17: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Identify loss and reactions

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Work in groups of three to four.• Examine the scenario handed out.• Write down the losses and reactions in the

scenario.• Describe the factors that might complicate the

grieving process.• Present your conclusions in plenary

afterwards.

Page 18: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Needs of grieving people

Help both emotionally and practically:

– Arrange funerals or other ceremonies

– Encourage the social support of family and friends

– Stay close, listen and provide care

Page 19: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Responding after a crises

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Work in groups of three to four.

• Spend 25 minutes in group work.

• Prepare a summary for presentation in plenary.

Page 20: Module 3 Loss and grief COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

COMMUNITY-BASED PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT · MODULE 3

Recap

What are the three most important messages of this module?