module for flue gases de-pollution

7/25/2019 Module for Flue Gases de-pollution

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MODULE FOR FLUE GASESDE-POLLUTION EMPLOING

PHYSICAL METHODS

Authors: Dr. eng. Viorel Serban1, Eng. Gabriela Lungescu1, Eng. Adrian Panait1, Eng. George Ciocan1,

Eng. Madalina Zamfir1, Dr. eng. Marian Androne1, Prof. dr. eng. Ilie Prisecaru2

1)SUBSIDIARY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING FOR NUCLEAR PROJECTS (SITON)

2)POLYTECHNICA UNIVERSITY - BUCHAREST

The 4 th TRADITIONAL EUROPEAN & INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE &

EXHIBITION eRENEWABLIA , eHYDROGENIA , eEFICIENCIA , 2010,

Bucharest, ROMANIA September 20 - 21, 2010


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GENERAL PRESENTATION

Industrial gases contain pollutants which exceed

the allowable concentrations in atmosphere. The current pollutant retaining installations are

expensive, are large in volume in point of built area,

require large energy consumption for operation

and/or additional materials. The new modular depolluting system is so designed

to concentrate and capture the pollutants in

successive stages by reducing the gas flow which

is to be treated, leading thus to an importantdecrease of sizes depolluting system, power

consumption and to a more efficient captureing of

the pollutants.2


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Further to gas passage through two or three depolluting stages

connected in series, each stage being madeup of several modules

connected in parallel, the resulted residual flow has a higher

concentration of gaseous pollutants !"#$, %#$, ' but about ()) times

smaller flow than the initial flow.

The ultimate flow with a pollutant concentration below the allowable limits

may now be directly released to atmosphere. The residual flow

containing a concentrate of pollutants is overta*en by a compressor for

to be pressurized and next discharged into an underground disposal

facility or directed to a retention installation which is usually applying the

principle of fractional cooling and condensation, specific to each gaseous

pollutant.

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THE NEW DE-POLLUTING SYSTEM

+ccording to the new concept, the depolluting installation ismadeup of several concentration, separation and capturing

stages, each of them consisting of several depolluting

modules installed in parallel through which the gaseous

pollutants are passed and concentrated in a residual flow of

gases up to ()) times smaller than the initial flow !depends of

pollutant types'.

+ depolluting module is a compact structure capable to

perform the separation, concentration and capturing of solid

and gaseous pollutants by passage through some successive

stages. 4


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The separation principle consists in the achievement of a thin lamellar gas et in a

descendent movement which, in many stages, is subected to some absorbing

forces along the two sides, forces created by a controlled depression aiming atseparating the gaseous molecules function of their volume and mass. The inlet

lamellar gas et at the module nozzle is continuing its downwards passage through

several separation areas for to rema*eup the et thic*ness, until its ultimate

removal. The dust is collected at the bottom side of the bun*er and the process is

favored by both the continuous reduction of the gas flow and by the acceleration ofthe dust particles along a linear traectory. + separation area is madeup of two

symmetrical poros convex surfaces beyond which a controlled depressure is

created to produce a uniform and symmetric action of the separation forces which

are normally applied along the gas flowing direction in order to separated the

pollutants.

The convex surfaces are aimed at repositioning the gas flow in the center and at

reducing its transversal dimension as well as at obtaining a uniformly and normal

distributed separation force of the lamellar gas et.5


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Fig. 2.1. Model of depolluting module with side collection on 2levels. Side view.


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Fig. 2.2. Model of depolluting module with side collection on 2levels. Upper view.


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Fig. 2.3. Model of depolluting module with side collectionon 2 levels. B- B Section


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Fig. 2.4. Model of depolluting module with side collection on 2 levels.

Horizontal side view and gas connection.


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Fig. 2.5. Device to set the supply voltage frequency of the de-polluting

module fans


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EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENTS In order to pointout the phenomenon of pollutant concentration and separation in a residual

flow, several experiments have been conducted on different stages.

Flue gases were obtained by burning several types of coal in the burner tan* of the -nergy

esearch and abor 0rotection ab in 102.

The experimental model has been connected to the gas duct lines trough a hose in an

accessible area at the exhauster outlet. #n the two collecting side channels, $ exhausters were

installed and connected to the stac* by $ hoses.

The frequency of the two fans was modified using $ frequency regulators, ranging between 34 5

6) 7z for the depression modification which performs the horizontal suction on one and the

other side of the vertical gas et.

2ecause of the technical limits associated to the experiment duration, the tests were conducted

in $ stages and the frequency variation of the two fans was performed in large steps from 4 in 4

7z. In the first stage, measurements of temperature, "#$, #$were performed and additionally

in the second stage, measurements of %#$were performed. Therefore, there is no certainty

that an optimum separation regime was obtained.11


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EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND ANALYSES In order to pointout the phenomenon of pollutant

concentration and capturing in a residual flow, several sets of

measurements at various flows were performed. The

measurements were conducted by two measurement gauges

of the same accuracy along the two collecting channels, in

order to avoid the errors generated by theintime variation of

the pollutants concentration in the gas flow.

The measurements were performed maintaining constant the

frequency of the fan on "hannel + at 34, 4), 44, 8), 84 7z

and varying the frequency of the fan on "hannel 2 at 34 9 64

7z in increments of 4 7z.12


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From the analysis of the results obtained with a sidecollection

depolluting module the following conclusions may be drawn :

concentration and separation of pollutants from a lamellar gas et using

the absorption forces is more feasible than the separation by gas

centrifugation;

separation is accomplished in presence of two fields of forces obtained

by means of collectors 5 deflectors, namely: the vertical forces perform

the acceleration of the gas et and the horizontal forces opposite applied

at the same level, perform the separation of the pollutants from the gas

lamellar et;

the experimental data show that there are optimum areas for the twofields of forces obtained by depression when a 3 time greater separation

of the clean gases from the pollutant ! flue' gases is obtained, a

difference of the pollutant concentration in a single stage.13


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Table 4.1. Results of CO2

and O2

concentration measurements at

different frequencies of the fan on. Channel B - STAGE 1.


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Fig. 3.(. "#$concentration in + and 2 channals and their ratio for 4)7z

frequency fan + and frequency fan 2, between 34 5 847z. %T+


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Table 3.$. The results of the "#$, %#

$ and #

$ concentration measurements, at

different frequencies of the fan on + and 2 channels. %T+


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Fig. 3.$. "#$concentration in + and 2 channels, and their ratio for 2 fan

frequency 4)7z constant, as well as + fan frequency, ranging between 44 5

6) 7z. %T+


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Fig. 4.3. C2concentr!tion in " !nd B ch!nnels# !nd their r!tio for

B f!n fre$uenc% &&'( const!nt# !s well !s " f!n fre$uenc%# r!nging)etween && * +, '(. S"/ 2.


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Fig. 3.3. "#$ concentration in + and 2 channels, and their ratio for 2 fan

frequency 847z constant, as well as + fan frequency, ranging between 8) 5 6)

7z. %T+


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Fig. 3.4. "#$concentration in + and 2 channels, and their ratio for + fan

frequency, constant 8)7z, and 2 fan frequency, ranging between 4) 5 6) 7z.

%T+


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Fig. 3.8. "#$concentration in + and 2 channels, and their ratio for + fan

frequency, constant 6)7z, and 2 fan frequency, ranging between 4) 5 84 7z.%T+


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Fig. 3.6. %#$ concentration in + and 2 channels and their ratio for 2 fan

frequency, constant 44 7z and + fan frequency, ranging between 44 5 8= 7z.%T+


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Fig. 3.>. %#$ concentration in + and 2 channels and their ratio for 2 fan

frequency, constant 8) 7z and + fan frequency, ranging between 8) 5 6)

7z. %T+


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Fig. 3.=. %#$ concentration in + and 2 channels and their ratio for + fan

frequency, constant 84 7z and 2 fan frequency, ranging between 4) 5 6) 7z.%T+


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Fig. 3.(). %#$ concentration in + and 2 channels and their ratio for + fan

frequency, constant 6)7z and 2 fan frequency, ranging between 4) 5 83 7z.%T+


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Fig. 3.((. #$ concentration in + and 2 channels and their ratio for + fan

frequency, constant 84 7z and 2 fan frequency, ranging between 4) 5 6) 7z.

%T+


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Fig. 3.($. #$ concentration in + and 2 channels and their ratio for + fan

frequency, constant 6) 7z and 2 fan frequency, ranging between 4) 5 83 7z.

%T+


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CONCLUSIONS

The preliminary testing conducted by now, point 5out the fact that the new

solution of total gas depollution using physical methods, may lead to very efficient

practical solutions, both economically and technically.

"oncentration of the pollutants and their selective capturing in a residual flow is

efficient, both from the energy and installation performance viewpoint.

The straight release to the atmosphere of about =)? gas from the initial flow and

the ()? concentration of the pollutants in a residual flow, from the initial flow,

represent a very satisfactory solution which allows an efficient treatment of the

pollutants in a reduced gas flow and the possibility to obtain useful substances,

such as sulphuric acid, fertilizers, etc.

Further researches will highlight the efficiency of the new depollution solutions

both quantitatively and qualitatively.

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR

ATTENTION!

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module for flue gases de-pollution

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