module sc f5 p2 chapter 1

MODULE SCIENCE FORM 5 CHAPTER 1 : Microorganisms and Their Effects on Living Things

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PAPER 2

1.SPM 2003

Table shows the results of an experiment to study the effects of temperature on bacterial growth.

Jadual menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen kajian kesan suhu terhadap pertumbuhan bakteria.

(a) State one hypothesis that can be made from table.

Nyatakan satu hipotesis berdasarkan jadual..

………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark]

(b) (i) Based on Table, draw a graph to show the relationship between the size of bacterial

colony and temperature.

Berdasarkan Jadual, lukiskan graf menunjukkan hubungan antara saiz koloni

bacteria dengan suhu.

(ii) Based on the graph, state the optimum temperature for bacterial growth.

Berdasarkan graf, nyatakan suhu optimum untuk pertumbuhan bacteria.

………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Temperature/ ◦C suhu

Size of colony after 24 hours/mm Saiz koloni backteria selepas 24 jam (mm)

0 2

15 5

25 10

35 15

60 3


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(iii) Predict the size of bacterial colony at 80 C.

Ramalkan saiz koloni bacteria pada suhu 80 C.

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

[4 marks]

2. SPM 2004

Figure shows an experiment carried out to study the effect of penicillin on bacterial growth.

Rajah menunjukkan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan penicillin ke atas pertumbuhan bacteria.

Petri dish

Piring petri Nutrient agar

Agar-agar nutrien

Three penicillin discs P1, P2 and P3 with different concentration are placed on the nutrient agar

surface. The petri dish is incubated upside down at 37 C. After two days, a clear area is formed

around each disc. The diameter of the clear area is measured and recorded in Table.

Tiga cekera penicillin P1, P2, dan P3 dengan kepekatan yang berlainan diletakkan di atas

permukaan agar nutrient. Piring petri dieramkan dalam keadaan telangkup pada suhu 37 C.

Selepas dua hari, satu kawasan jernih terbentuk disekeliling setiap cakera. Diameter kawasan

jernih diukur dan direkod seperti dalam Jadual.

Penicilin disc Cakera penicillin

P1 P2 P3

Diameter of the clear area/ cm Diameter kawasan jernih/cm

1.5

2.4

2.0

(a) Using Table, which disc has the highest concentration of penicillin?

Dengan menggunakan Jadual, cakera manakah mempunyai kepekatan penicillin yang

paling tinggi.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark]

(b) What is the hypothesis of this experiment?

Apakah hipotesis eksperimen ini.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark]

(c) State one method to fix the controlled variable in this experiment.


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Nyatakan satu cara untuk menetapkan pembolehubah yang dimalarkan dalam eksperimen

ini.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark]

(d) Penicillin is an antibiotic. State the meaning of antibiotic based on this experiment

(operational definition).

Penicillin ialah sejenis antibiotic. Nyatakan maksud bagi antibiotic berdasarkan eksperimen

ini. (definisi secara operasi)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

(e) W, X, Y and Z are microorganisms.

W, X, Y dan Z ialah mikroorganisma.

W X Y Z

Classify W, X, Y and Z using the following characteristics.

Kelaskan W, X, Y dan Z dengan menggunakan ciri-ciri berikut;

Can be destroyed by penicillin

Dapat dimusnahkan oleh penicillin

Cannot be destroyed by penicillin.

Tidak dapat dimusnahkan oleh penicillin

Complete the table below to show your answer.

Lengkapkan jadual di bawah untuk menunjukkan jawapan anda.

Can be destroyed by penicillin Dapat dimusnahkan oleh penicillin

Cannot be destroyed by penicillin Tidak dapat dimusnahkan oleh penicillin

[2 marks]

3. SPM 2005

Figure shows the result of an experiment to study the effect of different concentration of an

antibiotic on bacterial growth.


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Rajah menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan perbezaan satu antibiotic yang

mempunyai kepekatan berbeza ke atas pertumbuhan bacteria.

Antibiotic disc of high concentration Clear area

Antibiotic disc of low

concentration

Bacteria

(a) State one hypothesis for this experiment.

Nyatakan satu hipotesis untuk eksperimen ini.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

(b) State the variable in this experiment;

Nyatakan pembolehubah dalam eksperimen ini;

(i) Manipulated variable

Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

(ii) Responding variable

Pembolehubah bergerak balas

……………………………………………………………………………………………….

[2 marks]

(c) Write down one observation for this experiment.

Tuliskan satu pemerhatian bagi eksperimen ini.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark]

(d) What is meant by antibiotic based on this experiment (operational definition)?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan antibiotic berdasarkan eksperimen ini (definisi secara

operasi)?

………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark]

4. SPM 2006

In an experiment a bacteria Basillus subtilis is cultured in a petri dish containing nutrient agar for

five days at 37 C. The result of the experiment is shown in Table.

Dalam satu eksperimen bacteria Basillus subtilis dikulturkan di dalam piring petri yang

mengandungi agar nutrient selama lima hari pada 37 C. Keputusan eksperimen seperti di dalam

Jadual.


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Day Hari

Number of bacterial colonies Bilangan koloni bakteria

1 8

2 15

3 19

4 21

5 22

(a) Using data in Table, draw a graph of the number of bacterial colonies against time.

Dengan menggunakan data dalam Jadual, lukis graf bilangan koloni bacteria melawan

masa.

(b) What is the relationship between the number of bacterial colonies and time?

Apakah hubungan antara bilangan koloni bacteria dengan masa.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark]

(c) Predict the number of bacterial colonies produced on the 6th day.

Ramalkan bilangan koloni bacteria yang terhasil pada hari ke 6.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark]


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5. SPM 2007

Diagram shows an experiment to study the effect of pH on the growth of bacteria.

Rajah menunjukkan satu eksperiment untuk mengkaji kesan pH ke atas pertumbuhan bacteria.

P Q R

After two days, the appearance of the mixture in each test tube is observed.

Table shows the result of this experiment.

Selepas dua hari, keadaan campuran dalam setiap tabung uji diperhatikan.

Jadual menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen ini.

Test tube Tabung uji

pH Value Nilai pH

Cloudiness of mixture Kekeruhan campuran

P Acid (pH less than 7) Asid (pH kurang daripada 7)

Slightly cloudy Kurang keruh

Q Alkali (pH more than 7) Alkali (pH lebih daripada 7)

Slightly cloudy Kurang keruh

R Neutral (pH 7) Neutral (pH 7)

Very cloudy Sangat keruh

(a) State the variable in this experiment.

Nyatakan pembolehubah dalam eksperimen ini.



……………………………………………………………………………………………..

(ii) Constant variable

Pembolehubah dimalarkan

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

[2 marks]

(b) Based on the Table,

Berdasarkan jadual,

(i) What is the best condition for the growth of bacteria?

Apakah keadaan paling sesuai untuk pertumbuhan bacteria?

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

(ii) State the inference that you can make.

Nyatakan inferens yang dapat anda buat.

Nutrient broth +

Bacteria culture

+ Acid

Nutrient broth +

Bacteria culture

+ Alkali

Nutrient broth +

Bacteria culture

+ Distilled water


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……………………………………………………………………………………………….

[2 marks]

(c) Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for the growth of bacteria.

Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi pertumbuhan bacteria.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark]

6. SPM 2011

Diagram shows an experiment to study the effect of temperature on the growth of bacteria, Bacillus

subtilis.

Rajah menunjukkan satu eksperiment untuk mengkaji kesan suhu ke atas pertumbuhan bacteria,

Bacillus subtilis.

K L M

After two days, the appearance of the nutrient broth in each test tube is observed.

The result recorded is shown in Table.

Selepas dua hari, keadaan bubur nutrient dalam setiap tabung uji diperhatikan.

Keputusan direkodkan dalam jadual.

Test tube Tabung uji

Temperature Suhu

Appearance of the nutrient broth Keadaan bubur nutrient

K 5 C Slightly cloudy Sedikit keruh

L 37 C Cloudy Keruh

M 70 C Slightly cloudy Sedikit keruh

(a) State the variable in this experiment.

Nyatakan pembolehubah dalam eksperimen ini.



……………………………………………………………………………………………..

(ii) Responding variable

Temperature 5 C Temperature 37 C Temperature 70 C

5 cm nutrient broth + 1 cm bacteria culture

5 cm bubur nutrient + 1 cm kultur bakteria


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Pembolehubah bergerak balas

……………………………………………………………………………………………..

[2 marks]

(b) State the hypothesis for this experiment.

Nyatakan hipotesis untuk eksperimen ini.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………….

[1 mark]

(c) State the inference that can be made based on this experiment.

Nyatakan inferens yang boleh dibuat berdasarkan eksperimen ini.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………

[1 mark]

(d) Based on this experiment, state the operational definition for bacteria.

Berdasarkan eksperimen ini, nyatakan definisi secara operasi bagi bacteria.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

[1 mark]

7. SPM 2008

(a) State two differences between artificial active immunity and artificial passive immunity.

Give one example of a disease which can be prevented by each type of immunization.

Nyatakan dua perbezaan antara keimunan aktif buatan dengan keimunan pasif buatan.

Beri satu contoh penyakit yang boleh dicegah oleh setiap jenis pengimunan.

Artificial active immunity Artificial passive immunity

Example:

Example:

[4 marks]

(b) A group of officers from the Health Department were asked to control dengue fever in a

residential area. Explain how could they overcome this problem.

Sekumpulan pegawai dari Jabatan Kesihatan diarahkan untuk mengawal demam denggi di

satu kawasan perumahan. Huraikan bagaimana mereka dapat mengatasi masalah ini.

Your answer should include the following:

Jawapan anda hendaklah mengandungi perkara berikut:

Identify the problem

Mengenal pasti masalah.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………


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Clarification of the problem

Penjelasan masalah

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

Suggest four methods to solve the problem

Cadangkan empat kaedah untuk menyelesaikan masalah itu

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………………………………………………….

[6 marks]

8. SPM 2010

Study the following statement:

Kaji pernyataan berikut:

(a) Suggest one hypothesis to investigate the above statement.

Cadangkan satu hipotesis untuk menyiasat pernyataan di atas. [1 mark]

(b) Using petri dish, nutrient agar, Bacillus subtillis bakteria and other apparatus, describe

an experiment to test your hypothesis in 10(a) based on the following criteria:

Dengan menggunakan piring petri, agar nutrien, bacteria Bacillus subtillis dan radas lain,

huraikan satu eksperimen untuk menguji hipotesis anda di 10(a) berdasarkan criteria

berikut:

(i) Aim of the experiment

Tujuan eksperimen [1 mark]

(ii) Identification of variable

Pengenalpastian pembolehubah [2 mark]

(iii) List of apparatus and materials

Senarai radas dan bahan [1 mark]

(iv) Procedure

Prosedur atau kaedah [4 marks]

(v) Tabulation of data

Penjadualan data [1 mark]

The growth of bacteria is better in the dark than under the light.

Perumbuhan bacteria adalah lebih baik dalam keadaan gelap daripada keadaan bercahaya


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module sc f5 p2 chapter 1

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