Molecular Genetics

Ms.Tanyaratana Dumkua

Biology Department ; Mahidolwittayanusorn School

https://maan.ifoam.bio/download/attachments/15209644/Nutrients_of_the_Body.jpg?api=v2

You are what you eat?

What is genetic material in our body?

Fat?

Protein?

Carbohydrate?

Any biomolecules?

What genetic material mean?

https://www.news-medical.net/image.axd?picture=2013%2F1%2FAutosomal_recessive-1.jpg

Genetic material is a factor that pass from parents to next generation by gamete fertilization for making

genetic inheritance in offspring.

https://i.pinimg.com/originals/15/e1/7c/15e17cd779e2788d1ce923df75760abd.jpg

Life starts from 2 cells.

https://i.pinimg.com/originals/f8/f0/3c/f8f03c78aec076c4b44a9db5f05f869e.jpg

Biomolecules of life

http://images.tutorvista.com/cms/images/38/plasma-membrane.png

https://ih0.redbubble.net/image.250365470.7551/flat,800x800,070,f.u2.jpg

Which is genetic material?

https://media1.britannica.com/eb-media/22/194822-004-D205CE74.jpg

https://bio.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/11242/binaryfission.jpg?revision=1&size=bestfit&width=424&height=378

Amino acids? or

Nucleic acids?

http://www.extremetech.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/Histone2.jpg

http://slideplayer.com/slide/9301248/28/images/12/Structure+&+Function+%E2%80%93+DNA+vs.+Protein.jpg

https://sbi4u1.files.wordpress.com/2013/10/image012.jpg

What is a scientific question of Griffith team?

Bacteria >>

https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pneumonia-150720042610-lva1-app6891/95/streptococcus-pneumoniae-and-pneumonia-18-638.jpg?cb=1437366580

Diplococcus pneumoniae

S R

What is a discover of this experiment?

Frederick Griffith, 1928

Oswald Avery et al., 1944 https://www.quizover.com/ocw/mirror/col12087/m58835/OSC_Microbio_10_01_DNATrans.jpg

Why does this experiment better than Griffith team’s

experiment?

https://bio.libretexts.org/@api/deki/files/8705/OSC_Microbio_10_01_HersheyChase.jpg?revision=1&size=bestfit&width=1300&height=767

Hershey & Chase, 1952

http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1969/ 14

http://www.hammiverse.com/lectures/18/images/3-5.png

Transformation in Bacteria

https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ5uygSX8sAOB_IqlsiU7ZkK6rxb5C6b7egkTCz7_T2En550lmq6g https://encrypted-tbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSYPnAaBvDKDl_MuN6IynnzcR5DagrGlNtRRyoytFJV1SiPo7_o

Transduction in Bacteria

Transfection in Cell

http://signagen.com/images/PolyJet_Degradation.jpg

DNA Structure

http://ib.bioninja.com.au/_Media/double-stranded-dna_med.jpeg

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Nucleotides_1.svg/660px-Nucleotides_1.svg.png https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/0322_DNA_Nucleotides.jpg/370px-0322_DNA_Nucleotides.jpg

Nucleoside Nucleotide

Polynucleotide db DNA

http://slideplayer.com/slide/6324185/21/images/2/The+discovery+of+the+double+helix.jpg

Why does a scientist know that DNA is double strand?

https://www.classtools.net/_FAKEBOOK/saved/1476/hhinK6/coverImage.jpg https://bioinf.mpi-inf.mpg.de/conferences/ismb99/WWW/TUTORIALS/Brutlag/Image7.gif

Base Pairing

A=T & C=G Stable ratio >> A+T : C+G

http://image.slidesharecdn.com/genomestructure-medics-140816181407-phpapp02/95/genome-structure-28-638.jpg?cb=1408212950

Tm = melting temperature ∝ %CG content

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_7ycFHfdh3bk/TLg-MGSy6jI/AAAAAAAAAHo/h3e2HivNxfQ/s1600/photo+51+explanation.jpg

X-ray diffraction

http://www.desertbruchid.net/4_GB_Lecture_figs_f/4_GB_11_DNA_Fig_f/14_5_DNA_XRay.GIF

http://universe-review.ca/I13-04-DNA.jpg

X-ray diffraction

http://slideplayer.com/slide/6927328/24/images/2/The+Watson+and+Crick+double+helix+model+for+DNA.jpg

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Deoeq0hEwjU/UXjNW5gxavI/AAAAAAAAAlI/Ladj87E8Uqc/s1600/differences+betweeen+various+forms+of+DNA.jpg

http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1962/ https://cosresearch.files.wordpress.com/2013/07/rosalind-franklin.jpg

Rosalind Franklin

Denaturation & Renaturation - heat (destroy H-bond) - chemical Absorption 260 nm Acid-Base reaction Sedimention - different of nucleotide arrangement

Characteristics of deoxyribonucleic acid

http://www.cadexinc.com/images2/Spectrophotometer-preview.jpg

Spectrophotometer

Centrifugation