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ITUITU--D Development Forum Arab D Development Forum Arab Region, Tunis, 1Region, Tunis, 1--3 June 20093 June 2009

Monitoring on FM Broadcasting Monitoring on FM Broadcasting

stations stations

Jan VerduijnJan Verduijn

Spectrum Research ConsultancySpectrum Research [email protected]@srcon.nl / / [email protected]@ties.itu.int

ITUITU--D Development Forum Arab D Development Forum Arab Region, Tunis, 1Region, Tunis, 1--3 June 20093 June 2009 22

OutlineOutline

•• Monitoring principleMonitoring principle

•• Monitoring of FM BroadcastingMonitoring of FM Broadcasting

–– BasebandBaseband

–– Deviation via Recommendation ITUDeviation via Recommendation ITU--R SM.1268R SM.1268

•• Monitoring supporting InspectionMonitoring supporting Inspection

•• Monitoring as management toolMonitoring as management tool

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Spectrum Management Spectrum Management ProcessProcess

Key elements in Spectrum Management:

� Frequency Management

� Licensing

� Enforcement

Role of Monitoring :Role of Monitoring :

To support these key-elements in order to realise a usable and interference free spectrum


RoleRole of Monitoringof Monitoring

Monitoring serves as:Monitoring serves as:EARSEARS

andandEYESEYES

of the Spectrum Managementof the Spectrum ManagementProcessProcess

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PrinciplePrinciple of monitoring of monitoring policypolicy

’What can be done, using the equipment and facilities of the (Remote) Fixed Monitoring Station s,should not be done by Mobile Monitoring Stations.’

This is in particular applicable

in control of broadcasting stations


FM BC FM BC BasebandBaseband signalsignal

AdditionalAdditional signalssignals in FMin FM

•• RDS at (3x19=) 57 kHzRDS at (3x19=) 57 kHz

•• HSDS (HSDS (SeikoSeiko) at 66.5 kHz) at 66.5 kHz

•• DARC at 78 kHzDARC at 78 kHz

•• CSI at abt 92 kHzCSI at abt 92 kHz

•• FMFM--extraextra 80 kHz OFDM80 kHz OFDM

•• HD radio (USA) OFDMHD radio (USA) OFDM

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FMFM--extra (OFDM)extra (OFDM)



RDS+HSDS+CSIRDS+HSDS+CSI

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RDS+FMRDS+FM--extra (OFDM)extra (OFDM)



RDS+FMRDS+FM--extra (OFDM)extra (OFDM)

Normal mode

2 additional programs

Narrow mode

1 additional program

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FM BC FMFM BC FM--extra (OFDM)extra (OFDM)


ITUITU--R SM.1268R SM.1268

FM BC Spectrum FM BC Spectrum MaskMask

This recommendationThis recommendation describes 3 different describes 3 different

methods to measure FM BC:methods to measure FM BC:

1.1. Spectrum mask methodSpectrum mask method

2.2. Deviation measurementsDeviation measurements

3.3. Modulation powerModulation power

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ITUITU--R SM.1268 R SM.1268

FM BC Spectrum FM BC Spectrum MaskMask

1 2 6 8 -0 1

0

– 5

– 1 0

– 1 5

– 2 0

– 2 5

– 3 0

– 3 5

– 4 0

– 4 5– 5 0

– 1 7 0 – 1 3 6 – 1 0 2 – 6 8 – 3 4 0 3 4 6 8 1 0 2 1 3 6 1 7 0f 0

– 1 5 2 .5– 1 2 4

– 1 0 7 .5– 7 4 7 4

1 0 7 .51 2 4

1 5 2 .5

dB (

rela

tive

to p

eak

)

F re q u e n c y s e p a ra t i o n f ro m c a r r ie r ( k H z )

F IG U R E 1

S h a p e o f th e m a s kShape of mask


Spectrum Spectrum maskmask measurementmeasurement

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ITUITU--R SM.1268 R SM.1268

Spectrum Spectrum MaskMask ((samesame channel)channel)

stereo+RDS+HSDS stereo+RDS stereo only

103 MHZ


Simulation of spectrum mask measurements (ITU-R SM.1268)

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Special Analyses in FM BCSpecial Analyses in FM BC

Historical trends


QUESTIONS????QUESTIONS????

Thank you for your [email protected] / [email protected]

monitoring on fm broadcasting stations › itu-d › tech › events › 2009 › rdf_arb › ...1...

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