monitoring prime concern of educational program. session monitoring and supervision at a glance ...
TRANSCRIPT
Monitoring Prime Concern of Educational
Program
Session
Monitoring and supervision at a glance Objectives Historical background Present practice Monitoring in TYIP and SSR Issues Next steps
Monitoring
Monitoring is a continuing function that aims primarily to provide managers and main stakeholders with regular feedback and early indications of progress lack thereof in the achievement of intended results.
Monitoring cont.
It tracks the actual performance or situation against what was planned or expected according to pre determined standards.
It makes people accountable toHigher authorityLegal provisionsPeer/ProfessionalAll stakeholders
Monitoring cont.
It involves collecting and analyzing data on implementation process, implementation strategy, results and recommending corrective measures
Objectives
To ensure evidence based or informed decision making,
To assess how the intended beneficiaries have received and are using the outputs, services and products,
To provide information on whether planned outputs have been delivered in time and in the right quantity and quality,
To provide information for improving the planning and implementation process.
Historical Background
Development and use of M & E by UN system and some member countries in 1960-70,
In beginning M & E is concentrated on investment, service delivery and output rather than outcome and impact
In 1980 it is taken as the important means of result oriented development projects
In Nepal
Fifth plan started M & E process
Eighth plan made it a system of development program
Present M & E system was implemented by the cabinet decision taken in 2049-4-8
Institutional Set Up
National level committee chaired by PM Ministry level committee chaired by
minister Monitoring division in PC M & E division in MOE P & M division in DOE Monitoring section in MOE & DOE.
Present Practice
MOE with monitoring division is overall responsible for monitoring in policy level
M &E section in the MOE collects monthly, trimester and annual progress reports from central level organizations, held discussions compile and submit to PC
M & S section in DOE monitors district level program implementation progress, collects monthly, trimester and annual progress reports compile and submit to the ministry
Present Practice Cont.
DOE prepares FMR and submit to MOE, DP focal points and other relevant authorities.
DOE also publish the Status Report of all implemented educational programs based on the report of the 75 districts.
In district level SSs and RPs are the main hand of monitoring and supervision
DEO also prepare FMR and Statue Report In School level SMC & PTA are responsible for
Monitoring and Supervision
FMR – base of transparency
Actual expenditure Activity wise financial and physical
progress Analysis of the achievement with reason 75 districts prepare the report
Status Report
Overall status of implemented program Program implementation modalities Documentation of good practices Expression of emerging issues and field
level problems Adopted ways for resolving the problems
Monitoring in TYIP
Partnership with local authority, teacher’s professional organization, NGOs, civil society and schools for monitoring and supervision
Monitoring and supervision network development from center to school level for enhancing monitoring and supervision
Enhancement of EMIS
Monitoring in SSR
The SSR plan is to improve efficiency, in education, aiming at EFA, MDG goals to reach parity in gender and inclusion and ensure equitable access to quality education through a holistic school sector approach.
Monitoring in SSR cont.
The main reform in SSR is structural and functional integration of the education system improving internal efficiency, and harmonization of policy functions in the sector with a focus on ensuring quality and excellence in education.
For this monitoring & evaluation system should be well functioning
Purpose of M & E in SSR
The main purpose of M&E is to improve service delivery through informed decisions by tracking achievements against SSR targets, objectives and goals at every level of service delivery and management.
Purpose of M & E in SSR Cont.
Another purpose is to improve the planning and implementation processes and to assess the contribution of SSR to achieving national development goals.
Function of M & E in SSR
Three major M&E functions include: Assessing compliance with acts and
regulations (Compliance Monitoring); Measuring progress against milestones
and targets (Progress Monitoring); and Evaluating the impact of policies and
strategies on sector goals and objectives (Impact Evaluation).
Function of M & E in SSR Cont.
At the national, regional, district, village and municipal, and school levels, SSR M & E system will track, monitor, assess, and evaluate financial, management, and technical matters for service management and service delivery.
Guiding Principle of M & E System
Results will be clearly defined at every level The ERO will carry out external audit of the
system against the defined results. Participatory monitoring system will be
developed ICT will be used to improve the processing of
large quantity of data FMR system will be strengthened to improve
accountability and transparency at every level.
Accountability chain
who To whom For what How
Teacher
Student & HT
Student learning and School standard
Performance assessment
Head teacher
SMC School performance and quality assurance
Performance contract and Social audit
SMC Parents & Local Govt.
School Performance & Regulatory compliance
Selection/election, social audit, resource allocation
Accountability chain Cont.
who To whom For what How
VDC & Local government
Parents, constituency, central government
Fulfillment of enabling condition, adequate access and full participation
Election & resource allocation
Central government & MOE
Parliament Resourcing, policy guidelines, strategic options
Election
Implementation arrangement
MOE and DOE will coordinate and carry out the M&E functions at central level.
At the district and local level, DEOs, RCs and schools will be responsible for the M&E functions along with the local government.
Implementation arrangement Cont.
Central level EPC in the ministry, ERO prepares and submits the report to the
minister on progress of education quality perspective,
DOE in central level monitors the program, Joint review and consultation mission Research studies and survey
Implementation arrangement cont.
Regional level RED is responsible for enabling district
and will provide technical support to district.
RED monitors program implementation in the districts for quality assurance and ensuring children’s learning.
Implementation arrangement cont.
District level Local government is responsible for
monitoring and evaluation DEC tracks progress against targets DEC conducts reviews on how schools are
implementing the reform programs. RC plays greater roles in instructional
monitoring DOE plays the facilitating role in monitoring
Implementation arrangement cont.
School level SMC is the apex body at the school level
for monitoring progress against SIP and reports to the local government and parents.
The HT is responsible for executing the school program and reporting to the SMC
Implementation arrangement cont.
The head teacher a lead professional in school will: Set school level targets and produce results Monitor students’ progress and learning Define teacher performance targets including
instructional practices & learning achievement Set code of conduct for inclusive behavior Develop strategies for improving teacher
performance leading to improved student achievement
supervision
It is a leadership. In performing this role, the supervisor diagnoses teacher performance needs, and guides them, assists, suggests, supports and consults with the teacher (Marcia K. K)
Basically supervision is for improving instructional activities in classroom ultimately to increase student learning achievement.
Supervision cont.
It is a service particularly concerned with instruction and help to develop and produce educational activities in the school (CERID)
It is total school operation (Peter F. Olive) It is teaching to teach
Supervision model
In school supervision= School heads play pivotal role in teacher development (Leithwood, Farah)
External supervision= supervise process, output and outcome as well (Hopkins)
Individual and team supervision (Sergiovanni) Interschool supervision= the creation of special
cadre of supervisory teachers who would combine for supervision in neighboring school with regular teaching in their school (Waite)
Asian Practice
Individual supervision Bangladesh and India
Team supervision Korea and Sri Lanka
Two member at a time Korea
10-12 members at a time
Sri Lanka
Asian Practice Cont.
Bangladesh 56.2%
Korea 45.5%
Uttar Pradesh 70%
Sri Lanka 39.7%
Issues
Is the monitoring priority program in our system ? Does our decision makers care the monitoring
and supervision report ? Inspectorate is mainly engaged in visiting district
and school in spite of formulating policy, strategy and functions of M & E in education
Desk monitoring system established in DOE is almost functionless
Issues Cont.
M & S section in DOE is busy in preparing progress report rather than monitoring the program implementation status in district
DEO is busy in implementing program SSs are de-motivated RPs are responsible for instructional monitoring
but less attention to their capacity building Monitoring network in the district and RC level is
less active
Issues Cont.
SMC and PTA is less aware of monitoring and supervision
Is our HT informed or ready to shoulder this responsibility
Creating demand for monitoring by local community
Capacity building at every level
Next steps
Needs of equal emphasis on program implementation and monitoring
Strengthening Inspectorate as a policy level division
M & E section in the ministry needs to coordinate for overall monitoring and reporting of all educational program
Each section of DOE should be responsible for monitoring their program
Next steps Cont.
M & S section is for coordinating the overall monitoring activities in the department and reporting to the ministry and other relevant authority
RED is to lead the monitoring activities at the regional level
Making the SS responsible for program monitoring as well as instructional supervision
Developing RPs as instructional supervisor
Next steps Cont.
Promoting school based monitoring with the involvement of SMC & PTA
Having a system of implementing the recommendation given by the monitors
Overall monitoring of the school level activities is the responsibility of the local authority. Therefore make them aware of all educational program.
Advocacy and awareness raising on monitoring at local level
Thank you