mortem et gloriam army lists - egypt and judaea · army lists egypt and judaea ... sword or spear...

Army Lists

Egypt and Judaea

Contents

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Creating an army with the Mortem et Gloriam Army Lists

Historical Introduction

1 Dates0-3 Terrain

CampMin

Mandatory Optional Max

- 0 4,6- 12

Unskilled 0 4,6Javelin 6

- 0 4,6- 6- 24 6,8- 80- 0 6,8- 24- 0 8- 16

Experienced 0 6.9Javelin 36

Experienced 0 6,9Bow 9

Experienced 0 6,9Sling 9

Skilled 0 6,9Bow 9

AlliesCarthaginian allies - Early Carthaginian (only in 322 BC)Libyan allies

NotesSPECIAL RULE: Mounted hoplites move as Formed Battle Chariots. This rule must be proactively pointed out to opponents at the beginning of setting up.

Combat Shy -Skirmisher

Cretan archers (from 321 BC)

INFANTRYAverage Unprotected - - Combat Shy

Skirmisher

SlingersINFANTRY

Average Unprotected -


ArchersINFANTRY

Average Unprotected - Combat Shy -Skirmisher

JavelinmenINFANTRY


Shove, Shield Cover

Orb/SquareDrilled Close

Phalangites (from 321 BC)INFANTRY

Average Protected Pike Shove Orb/SquareDrilled Close

Upgrade hoplites to mercenaries (from 313 BC)

INFANTRYAverage Protected Long Spear

- Melee ExpertDrilled Loose

HoplitesINFANTRY

Average Protected Long SpearShove, Shield

CoverOrb/Square,

DismountableFormed Close

Xystophoroi (from 321 BC)CAVALRY

Superior ProtectedCharging

Lancer

- -Formed Loose

CavalryCAVALRY

Average Protected Short Spear - -Formed Loose

Chariots (before 275 BC)BATTLE CHARIOTS

Average Protected -

Internal Allied Generals Unfortified or Flexible; Average or Poor

Name

Type

Quality Protection

Shooting Skill

Weaponry

Melee

Weaponry

Characteristics

UG SizeTraining and

Cyrenean GreekArmy Commander Any 630 BC to 74 BCSub-Generals Any Plains

Version 2018.01 - 1st January 2018 © SHALL Enterprises Ltd

Cyrenean Greek

Increased maximum xystophoroi to 6.

Historical NotesCyrenaica was colonized by the Greeks beginning in the 7th century BC. They established five cities; the most important colony was Cyrene, established in about 631 BC. The area fell under the rule of the Achaemenid Persians in around 525 BC but later re-established independence. It was annexed by Ptolemy I but then gained independence under Magas a stepson of Ptolemy until his death. It was separated from the main kingdom by Ptolemy VII and given to his son Ptolemy Apion who bequeathed it to Rome in 96 BC. The Romans didn't organise it into a province, together with Crete, until 74 BC.

Troop NotesThe bulk of the Cyrenean forces were citizen hoplites. Chariots were used to transport the hoplites over long distances. The city also apparently used four-horse chariots copied from their Libyan neighbours.After Ptolemy seized Cyrene the forces may have included phalangites. Cyreneans appear to have enlisted in the Ptolemaic army in some numbers.

Changes from last version


1 Dates0-3 Terrain

CampMin


- 0 2- 2



Experienced 6,8Bow Up to half

- 18 6,8,9- 80- 6,8,9- Up to half- 0 6- 24- 6- Any


AlliesBlemmye allies (only after 30 BC)

NotesA command may have only one TUG of picked warriors.


SkirmishersINFANTRY


Shield Cover -Tribal Close

Regrade picked warriors as sword and axe men

INFANTRYSuperior Protected - Melee Expert -

Tribal Close

Picked warriorsINFANTRY

Superior Unprotected Short Spear

Shield Cover -Tribal Close

Regrade spearmen as sword and axe men

INFANTRYAverage Protected - Melee Expert -

Tribal Close

SpearmenINFANTRY

Average Unprotected Short Spear

- Combat ShyTribal Loose

Upgrade archers with spears or axes

INFANTRYAverage Unprotected Short Spear - Combat Shy

Tribal Loose

ArchersINFANTRY


- -Tribal Loose

CavalryCAVALRY


Elephants (only after 300 BC)

ELEPHANTSAverage Protected -

Internal Allied Generals Unfortified; Poor or Average

Name

Type

Quality Protection

Shooting Skill

Weaponry

Melee

Weaponry

Characteristics

UG SizeTraining and

Meroitic KushiteArmy Commander Any Instinctive 592 BC to 350 ADSub-Generals Any Instinctive Desert


Meroitic Kushite

Strabo describes the Aethiopians as badly commanded and badly armed. The spearmen carried large shields made of raw hides. Some were spear-armed, others hatchets and others axes. Meroitic art depicts archers armed with an axe, sword or spear in addition to bow and there are Ptolemaic figurines with axe and shield only. There is evidence for war elephants, presumably inspired by Ptolemaic practice.

Changes from last versionAdded flexibility to infantry classifications.

Historical NotesThe Kushite kingdom, known as "Aithiopia" in Greek sources, was established south of Egypt with a capital at Meroe. An Achaemenid Persian invasion under Cambysses perished in the desert. Meroitic kings supported Egyptian revolts against the Ptolemies and raided Roman Egypt. The kingdom weakened by attacks from the Nobades fell to the Axumite kingdom in around 350 AD.

Troop Notes


1 Dates0-3 Terrain

CampMin



- 12 6,8- 60- 0 6,8- 32


Experienced 4 4,6Javelin 8Skilled 0 6,9Bow 12

Experienced 0 6,9Javelin 9


Libyan allies

Allies

Historical NotesIn around 405 BC an Egyptian prince of Sais (28th Dynasty) revolted against the Persians, ruling for six years. He was suceeded by Mendes (29th Dynasty) who ruled until 380 BC. A series of three pharoahs (30th Dynasty) ruled until defeated by the Persians under Artaxerxes in 343 BC During this time they inflicted several defeats upon the Persians with the aid of Greek mercenaries.

NotesA command with Greek mercenary hoplites cannot contain other troops.


Skirmishing archersINFANTRY


Libyan javelinmenINFANTRY


- CantabrianSkirmisher

Nubian archersINFANTRY


Light horseCAVALRY


Shove, Shield Cover

Orb/SquareDrilled Close

Machimoi archersINFANTRY

Average Unprotected - - Combat ShyTribal Loose

Greek mercenary hoplitesINFANTRY

Average Protected Long Spear

- -Formed Loose

Machimoi spearmenINFANTRY

Average Protected Long Spear - Orb/SquareTribal Close

CavalryCAVALRY

Average Protected Short Spear

Internal Allied Generals Unfortified; Poor or Average

Name

Type

Quality Protection

Shooting Skill

Weaponry

Melee

Weaponry

Characteristics

UG SizeTraining and

Late Period EgyptianArmy Commander Any Instinctive 405 BC to 343 BCSub-Generals Any Instinctive Standard


Late Period Egyptian

Archers optionally combat shy.

Troop NotesThe native Egyptian army had been a warrior caste supported by land grants. Greek mercenaries had been engaged in Egypt since the 6th century BC.



1 Dates0-3 Terrain0-2 Camp

Min



- 0 4,6- 6- 6 6,8,9- 36- - Any







JavelinmenINFANTRY

Poor Unprotected - Combat Shy -Skirmisher

Historical NotesThe Nabataean kingdom, was an Arabic kingdom on the territory of modern Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Israel with its capital at Petra. The Nabataeans were allies of the first Hasmoneans in their struggles against the Seleucid monarchs. They then became rivals of the Judaean dynasty. Under the reign of Aretas III (87 to 62 BC) the kingdom seems to have reached its territorial zenith, but was defeated by a Roman army. It was annexed by Rome around 106 AD .

- Combat Shy -Skirmisher

Skirmisher

SlingersINFANTRY

Poor Unprotected

Horse archersCAVALRY

Average Unprotected - - CantabrianSkirmisher

Camel scoutsCAMELRY



Poor Unprotected - Combat Shy -


ArchersINFANTRY


- -Tribal Close

Upgrade warriors (from 150 BC)

INFANTRYAverage Protected Short Spear - -

Formed Close

WarriorsINFANTRY


- -Formed Loose

Camel caravan guardsCAMELRY

Average Protected Short Spear Melee Expert -Formed Loose

CavalryCAVALRY


NabateanArmy Commander Any Instinctive 312 BC to 106 ADSub-Generals Any Instinctive DesertInternal Allied Generals Any Instinctive Unfortified or Flexible; Average or Poor

Name

Type

Quality Protection

Shooting Skill

Weaponry

Melee

Weaponry

Characteristics

UG SizeTraining and


Nabatean

Increased maximum number of caravan guards. Archers optionally combat shy.

Troop NotesThe Nabateans were Arabs but as they expanded they were increasingly influenced by their Hellenistic and then Parthian neighbours.




Min



- 8* 4,6- 24- 18* 6,8,9- 54- 0 6- 18





Historical NotesThis list covers the minor Arab peoples including wealthy centres such as Yathrib , Mecca and Oman, the kingdoms of Yemen and desert nomads. The Roman name for these people was Saraceni.

Notes* Camelry are only compulsory if any camels are used and warriors are not compulsory for allied contingents.A command may not have more than one TuG of picked warriors.


SlingersINFANTRY


SkirmishersINFANTRY

Poor Unprotected -


Camel skirmishersCAMELRY


ArchersINFANTRY


- -Tribal Loose

Picked warriorsINFANTRY

Average Unprotected Short Spear Melee Expert -Tribal Loose

WarriorsINFANTRY

Average Unprotected Short Spear

- -Formed Loose

CamelryCAMELRY

Average Protected Short Spear Melee Expert -Formed Loose

CavalryCAVALRY

Superior Protected Short Spear

Internal Allied Generals Any Instinctive Mobile; Poor or Average

Name

Type

Quality Protection

Shooting Skill

Weaponry

Melee

Weaponry

Characteristics

UG SizeTraining and

Pre-Islamic ArabArmy Commander Any Instinctive 300 BC to 400 ADSub-Generals Any Instinctive Desert


Pre-Islamic ArabTroop NotesHerodotus describes Arabs using the bow. Strabo adds spear, sword and sling. Arab camel-riders are mentioned in the Seleucid army at Magnesia. Horses were ridden from the 2nd century BC onwards but initially were rare in the Arab tribes.

Changes from last versionAdded picked warriors and slingers. Increased maximum number of camels.


1 Dates1-3 Terrain

CampMin


- 0 2,3,4- 4- 4 4,6- 6



- 16 8- 48- 8- All- 0 8- 8- 0 8- 32- 0 6,8- 8- 0 6- 6- 0 6,8,9- 9- 0 6,8- 16- 0 6,8,9- 9

ThraciansINFANTRY

Average Protected -Devastating

ChargersMelee Expert

Formed LooseTroops armed in Roman fashion (from 163 BC)

INFANTRYAverage

Galatian footINFANTRY

Average Protected -Devastating

Chargers-

Formed Close

Protected Impact Weapon - Orb/SquareDrilled Close

Shove Orb/SquareDrilled Close

ThorakitoiINFANTRY


CoverOrb/Square

Drilled Close

ThureophoroiINFANTRY

Average Protected Long Spear


Egyptian phalangites (from 217 BC)

INFANTRYAverage Protected Pike Shove -

Tribal Close

Guard footINFANTRY

Superior Protected Pike


Downgrade phalangites (from 163 BC)

INFANTRYAverage Protected Pike Shove Orb/Square

Formed Close

PhalangitesINFANTRY

Average Protected Pike

- -Formed Loose

Arab camelryCAMELRY

Poor Unprotected - Combat Shy -Tribal Loose

Mercenary cavalryCAVALRY


- -Tribal Loose

XystophoroiCAVALRY


Lancer- Melee Expert

Drilled Loose

ElephantsELEPHANTS

Average Protected -

Internal Allied Generals Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average

Name

Type

Quality Protection

Shooting Skill

Weaponry

Melee

Weaponry

Characteristics

UG SizeTraining and

PtolemaicArmy Commander Any Professional 280 BC to 55 BCSub-Generals Any Professional Standard


PtolemaicExperienced 0 4,6

Javelin 8Experienced 0 6,9

Bow 9Experienced 0 6,9

Sling 9Experienced 0 6,9

Javelin 9

Troop NotesThe Ptolemaic army followed the Macedonian tradition. Settlers were given land in return for military service and extensive use made of mercenaries. The Roman victories in the 2nd century BC appear to have influenced the army. Egyptians were armed for the Raphia campaign. This proved a source of trouble for later rulers.Some Elephants were obtained from Ethiopia although Indian elephants captured from the Seleucid kingdom were also used.

Changes from last versionCamp can no longer be Superior.


Historical NotesPtolemy I died in 283 BC leaving a strong and stable kingdom to Ptolemy II. The Ptolemaic kings were to fight a series of wars for control of southern Syria and Judaea. A victory was obtained at Raphia in 217 BC but the arming of Egyptians contributed to a series of rebellions which weakened the kingdom. Dynastic disputes further weakened the kingdom with Rome establishing greater and greater influence.

JavelinmenINFANTRY



SlingersINFANTRY


ArchersINFANTRY


Protected - - CantabrianSkirmisher

Light cavalryCAVALRY

Average


1 Dates0-3 Terrain

CampMin


- 0 4- 4- 0 6- 24- 0 6,8- 48

Unskilled 0 6,8,9Javelin 90


- 0 6,8- 24









Combat Shy -JavelinmenINFANTRY


SlingersINFANTRY


Skirmisher

- - CantabrianSkirmisher

Skirmisher

Horse archersCAVALRY

Average Unprotected

Troops armed in Roman fasion (from 63 BC)

INFANTRYAverage Protected Impact Weapon - -

Formed Close

ArchersINFANTRY

Average Unprotected - - Combat ShyTribal Loose

Cavalry of the phalanx (from 148 BC)

CAVALRYAverage Unprotected Short Spear - Cantabrian

- -Tribal Loose

Hillmen and levies (from 103 BC)

INFANTRYAverage Protected Short Spear

Shove Orb/SquareFormed Close

Hillmen and levies (before 103 BC)

INFANTRYAverage Protected Short Spear - -

Tribal Loose

Foot of the phalanx (from 148 BC)

INFANTRYAverage Protected Long Spear

Melee Expert -Drilled Loose

Guerillas (before 148 BC)INFANTRY

Average Unprotected -Melee Expert,

Fanatic-

Tribal Loose

Cavalry of the army (from 148 BC)

CAVALRYAverage Protected

Charging Lancer

JewishArmy Commander Any 167 BC to 6 ADSub-Generals Any MountainsInternal Allied Generals Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average

Name

Type

Quality Protection

Shooting Skill

Weaponry

Melee

Weaponry

Characteristics

UG SizeTraining and


Jewish

Historical Notes

Parthian allies (from 40 to 38 BC)

NotesNo command may have more than one group of guerillas.

The army of Judas Maccabaeus started out as a guerilla force. As the kingdom grew it appears that a more regular army developed, probably organised by Jews who had served in the Seleucid or Ptolemaic armies.

Changes from last versionRemoved minimum for foot of the phalanx. Archers optionally combat shy.

The Maccabean Revolt was a Jewish rebellion, lasting from 167 to 160 BC, led by the Maccabees against the Seleucid Empire. Between around 140 BC and 116 BC the Hasmonean dynasty ruled semi-autonomously from the Seleucids. From 110 BC, with the Seleucid empire disintegrating, the Hasmonean dynasty became fully independent and expanded into the neighbouring regions of Samaria, Galilee, Iturea, Perea, and Idumea. In 63 BC the kingdom became a Roman client state. In 37 BC Herod seized power. In 6 AD the Roman province of Judaea was established.

Troop Notes

Nabatean allies (from 66 to 64 BC)

Allies


1 Dates1-3 Terrain

CampMin


- 4 4,6- 6



- 0 6,8- 8- 0 8- 16- 8 6,8- 48- 0 6,8,9- 9- 0 6,8- 16- 0 6,8- 16- 0 8,9,10- 20



- -Tribal Close

Ex-slaves and other leviesINFANTRY

Poor Unprotected Short Spear

Light cavalryCAVALRY

Average Protected - - CantabrianSkirmisher

ArchersINFANTRY


Shield CoverOrb/Square, Melee

ExpertDrilled FlexibleGabinian or Antonine legionaries

INFANTRYAverage Protected Impact Weapon

Devastating Chargers

Melee ExpertFormed Loose

Troops armed in Roman fashion

INFANTRYAverage Protected Impact Weapon - Orb/Square

Drilled Close

ThraciansINFANTRY

Average Protected -

Shove Orb/SquareFormed Close

Cilicians and Syrian mercenaries

INFANTRYAverage Protected Long Spear Shove Orb/Square

Formed Close

PhalangitesINFANTRY

Average Protected Pike

Combat Shy -Tribal Loose

Guard footINFANTRY


CoverOrb/Square

Drilled Close

Arab camelryCAMELRY

Poor Unprotected -

- Melee ExpertDrilled Loose

Mercenary cavalryCAVALRY


XystophoroiCAVALRY


Lancer

Internal Allied Generals Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average

Name

Type

Quality Protection

Shooting Skill

Weaponry

Melee

Weaponry

Characteristics

UG SizeTraining and

Late PtolemaicArmy Commander Any Professional 54 BC to 31 BCSub-Generals Any Professional Standard


Late PtolemaicExperienced 0 6,9

Sling 9Experienced 0 6,9

Javelin 9

The Ptolemaic kingdom at this time was dominated by Roman politics. The role of the army was largely to protect the ministers who controlled the Pharoah, to collect taxes and suppress revolts. Legionaries originally raised by Aulus Gabinius were stationed in Egypt. Mark Anthony later stationed legionaries in Egypt.

Troop NotesCaesar reports that the army of his day largely comprised brigands and ex-pirates from Cilicia and Syria, exiles and runaway slaves.

Changes from last versionIncreased maximum number of camelry, mercenaries and archers. Added ex-slaves.

Unprotected - Combat Shy -Skirmisher

Historical Notes

NotesGabinian or Antonine remnant legionaries must be in their own command.

SlingersINFANTRY


JavelinmenINFANTRY

Average



Min




Unskilled 4,6Javelin Up to half

- 0 4,6- 16

- 6 6,8,9- 24- 0 6- 18

- 16 6,8,9- 40- 0 6- 18



Only Blemmye

Blemmye spearmen Average Unprotected Short Spear - -

-Skirmisher

Skirmishers Average Unprotected - Combat Shy

Blemmye picked spearmen Average Unprotected Short Spear Melee Expert -

Only Nobatae

Nobatae picked spearmenINFANTRY

Average Protected Short Spear Melee Expert -Tribal Close

INFANTRYTribal Loose

Nobatae spearmenINFANTRY

Average Protected Short Spear - -Tribal Close

INFANTRY

------

Archers Average Unprotected - - Combat Shy

Tribal Loose

INFANTRYTribal LooseINFANTRY

- -Formed Loose

Camel mounted warriors (from 200 AD)

CAMELRYAverage Protected Short Spear Melee Expert -

Formed Loose

Upgrade cavalryCAVALRY


- -Tribal Loose

CavalryCAVALRY


War elephantsELEPHANTS

Average Protected -

BlemmyeArmy Commander Any Instinctive 30 BC to 500 ADSub-Generals Any Instinctive DesertInternal Allied Generals Any Instinctive Unfortified or Mobile; Poor or Average

Name

Type

Quality Protection

Shooting Skill

Weaponry

Melee

Weaponry

Characteristics

UG SizeTraining and


Blemmye

Changes from last versionAdded picked spearmen.

Troop NotesThe Blemmye raided with archers and cavalry mounted on donkeys or horses. A 4th-5th century source describes them as bold fighters using spears and bows. War Elephants were used.

Historical NotesThe Blemmye were a nomadic people living in the desert between the Nile and the Red Sea from at least the 1st century BC. During the 3rd century AD raids on Egypt increased and in 298 AD the Blemmye and Nobatae occupied Nubia after the emperor Diocletian withdrew Roman troops.

NotesAn army can be either Blemmye or Nobatae but may take allies from the other.A command may not have more than one TuG of picked spearmen.


1 Dates1-3 Terrain

CampMin


- 12 6- 24


- 0 6,8,9- 36


- 0 6,8- 24


Experienced 0 6Sling 12

Experienced 0 6Bow 12



-----

Drilled archers Poor Unprotected - - Combat Shy

Only Jospehus from 66 to 67 AD

Cavalry Poor Protected Short Spear - -

Drilled foot Poor Protected Short Spear - Orb/Square

NotesZealot archers and slingers do not need a general present to retain the Fanatic characteristic.


ArchersINFANTRY


Fanatic, Combat Shy

-Skirmisher

SlingersINFANTRY


Zealot archersINFANTRY


Zealot slingersINFANTRY

Average Unprotected -Fanatic, Combat

Shy-

Skirmisher

Drilled Loose

INFANTRYDrilled LooseINFANTRY

Formed Loose

Devastating Chargers

-Tribal Loose

CAVALRY

Ill equipped rebelsINFANTRY

Poor Unprotected -

Melee Expert, Fanatic

-Tribal Loose

Other rebelsINFANTRY

Average Protected Short Spear - -Tribal Loose

Zealot warriorsINFANTRY


Jewish RevoltArmy Commander Any Instinctive 66 AD to 135 ADSub-Generals Any Instinctive MountainsInternal Allied Generals Unfortified or Flexible; Poor or Average

Name

Type

Quality Protection

Shooting Skill

Weaponry

Melee

Weaponry

Characteristics

UG SizeTraining and


Jewish RevoltHistorical NotesThe Jews revolted on three occasions, in 66 to 73 AD, 115 to 117 AD and 132 to 135 AD. The first, the Great Revolt, was defeated by Vespasian and his son Titus. The destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem in 70 AD was a turning point in Jewish history, leading to the synagogue becoming the centre of Jewish life. The second revolt (known as the Kitos War), while poorly-organized, was extremely violent and took two years for the Roman armies to subdue. The third revolt was led by Simon bar Kokhba. This resulted in genocide, a ban on Judaism, and the renaming of the province from Judaea to Palestine.

Changes from last versionAdjusted size of TuGs for Josephus drilled troops.

Troop NotesThe Jews rebels lacked military organisation. The historian Josephus appears to have been an exception in trying to put his troops on an organised footing.Jewish troops were mostly armed with javelins, sword or knife and a long shield. A minority were equipped with bows. A small amount of captured Roman equipment was also available.


1 Dates0-3 Terrain

CampMin


Unskilled 0 6Javelin 18








AlliesYemeni Arab allies - Pre-Islamic Arab (in Arabia to 575 AD)Blemmye allies (in Africa from 330 to 375 AD)Meriotic Kushite allies - (in Africa from 330 to 375 AD)

NotesA command may only have one UG of guard spearmen.An army must either be in Africa or in Arabia.

Historical NotesAxum emerged in the 1st century AD on the highland plateau of modern Eritrea and Tigray. At the height of its power it dominated the region and controlled the profitable trade route through the Red Sea from south Asia to the Mediterranean.

Cantabrian

Camel riding troops Poor Unprotected - Combat Shy -

SpearmenINFANTRY

Average Protected Short Spear - -

Archers Average Unprotected - - Combat Shy

INFANTRY

Skirmishing javelinmenINFANTRY


Skirmishing archers Average Unprotected -

Skirmisher

CAVALRYSkirmisherCAMELRY

Horsemen Average Unprotected - -

Tribal Loose

- -Tribal Close

Tribal CloseINFANTRY

Guard spearmenINFANTRY


AxumiteArmy Commander Any Instinctive 300 AD to 970 ADSub-Generals Any Instinctive Coastal, DesertInternal Allied Generals Unfortified or Fortified; Poor or Average

Name

Type

Quality Protection

Shooting Skill

Weaponry

Melee

Weaponry

Characteristics

UG SizeTraining and


Axumite

Increased maximum number of archers and camelry. Reduced minimum for spearmen.

Troop NotesAxumite armies were similar to Blemmye armies. Cavalry at this date were rare. Spears were short and accompanied by javelins, a short sword and large round hide shield. Little armour was worn.



mortem et gloriam army lists - egypt and judaea · army lists egypt and judaea ... sword or spear...

Documents