M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y

M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S

PRESENTED BY:- POOJA RATHOD RUSHITA DANKHARA

M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y

• A sacred building used by Muslims for prayer.

• The word "mosque" is Arabic for "a place of prostration" or bowing down to Allah.

• Mosques almost always include

• A minbar• A mihrab• Minarets• In the Middle East will

have domes and arches and inner courtyards.

• An ablution fountain.

M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y

Mihrab

A mihrab is a niche in the wall which points the worshipers toward Mecca.

minbar (the steps on the right)

Minbar

A minbar is a place from which a religious leader speaks to the people.

It looks something like a staircase.

M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y

Iwan

A vaulted hall or space, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open.

Iwans open on to a central courtyard, and have been used in both public and residential architecture.

M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y

Wazir Khan Mosque, Lahore, Pakistan.

King Saud Mosque, Jeddah, an Iwan in the

central court.

The entrance iwan of the Taj Mahal, Agra, India.

Central iwan of Qila-i-Kuhna

Mosque of Sher Shah

Suri

M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y

Sahn

A sahn is surrounded by an arcade from all sides.

Huge sahn surrounded by arcades Tunisia

flanking domed arcade. Tehran.

M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y

DomesDomes give a building a spiritual feeling in that they bring one's attention from the ground level (the world of man) to the heavens (the world of God).

Domes normally took on the shape of a hemisphere.

Mosque in Beirut,

Lebanon

Mughal architecture

M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y

Ablution fountain

Before prayers, the faithful cleaned their faces, hands, feet, and rinsed their mouths.

Symbolic and literal to prepare oneself to meet with God in prayer.

M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y

M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y

Minaret

• The minaret is to provide a vantage point from which the call to prayer (adhan) is made.

• Minarets basic form consist of three parts:-

• a base• Shaft• a gallery.

• Minarets may be conical (tapering), square, cylindrical, or polygonal.

M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y

Tunisia. ChinaLahore, Pakistan

MalaysiaSamaraIndia

M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y

• The gallery is a balcony which encircles the upper sections from which the muezzin may give the call to prayer.

• Stairs circle the shaft in a counter-clockwise fashion, providing necessary structural support to the highly elongated shaft.

M O S Q U E & M I N A R E T S H I S T O R Y

Horseshoe arches in Cordoba, Spain

Pointed arches India

Arches