MotivatingMotivatingStudentsStudents

Peter FenrichPeter FenrichInstructional Development ConsultantInstructional Development Consultant

Learning and Teaching CentreLearning and Teaching CentreTel: 604-432-8817Tel: 604-432-8817

Web: bcit.ca/ltcWeb: bcit.ca/ltc

Thomas Edison said, “Our Thomas Edison said, “Our greatest weakness lies in greatest weakness lies in giving up. The most certain giving up. The most certain way to succeed is always way to succeed is always to try just one more time.”to try just one more time.”

One of our challenges is to One of our challenges is to motivate unique individuals motivate unique individuals to do the same.to do the same.

Introduction

Have you always done Have you always done your best?your best?

If not, why didn’t you do If not, why didn’t you do your best?your best?

Introduction

By the end of this session, By the end of this session, you should be able to you should be able to motivate your students by motivate your students by applying Keller’s ARCS applying Keller’s ARCS model.model.

Outcome

The ARCS motivational model has The ARCS motivational model has the attributes of:the attributes of:

- Attention- Attention

- Relevance- Relevance

- Confidence- Confidence

- Satisfaction - Satisfaction Are you familiar with this model?Are you familiar with this model?

ARCS Motivation Model

Start each lesson by capturing the Start each lesson by capturing the learners’ attention.learners’ attention.

How can you gain attention in How can you gain attention in classes you will teach?classes you will teach?

Attention

Tell an emotional or personal storyTell an emotional or personal story Bring in a relevant newspaper articleBring in a relevant newspaper article Provide a mental challengeProvide a mental challenge Create doubtCreate doubt Create curiosityCreate curiosity Show conflicting informationShow conflicting information

How to Gain Attention (1)

Provide an interesting statisticProvide an interesting statistic State a current problemState a current problem Use humourUse humour Make lessons interactive (e.g., have Make lessons interactive (e.g., have

engaging activities, ask questions…)engaging activities, ask questions…) Show video or animation: Show video or animation: GlycerinGlycerin When could the cannon shot be an When could the cannon shot be an

excellent way to gain attention?excellent way to gain attention?

How to Gain Attention (2)

If you gain a learner’s attention at the If you gain a learner’s attention at the beginning of a lesson, the learner will beginning of a lesson, the learner will usually be attentive throughout the usually be attentive throughout the lesson.lesson.

a) Truea) True

b) Falseb) False

True or false?

Relate to the real worldRelate to the real world For adults, how could you make a For adults, how could you make a

topic about calculating percentages topic about calculating percentages relevant?relevant?

For a topic you teach, what is a way For a topic you teach, what is a way you can make the content relevant?you can make the content relevant?

Relevance

Personal experiencePersonal experience

__________________________________________________________

Illustrative storiesIllustrative stories

_____________________________ _____________________________

TestimonialsTestimonials

_____________________________ _____________________________

Making Content Relevant (1)

SimulationsSimulations

__________________________________________________________ Practical applications Practical applications

_____________________________ _____________________________ Link to what they already knowLink to what they already know

_____________________________ _____________________________ Reference future needsReference future needs

_____________________________ _____________________________

Making Content Relevant (2)

Help learners believe they will succeed.Help learners believe they will succeed. Will they proceed without confidence?Will they proceed without confidence? Will confidence last without success?Will confidence last without success? Don’t say:Don’t say:

“ “The top experts in the world have notThe top experts in the world have not

solved this. Let’s see what ideas you solved this. Let’s see what ideas you

come up with.”come up with.” Are high expectations beneficial? Why or Are high expectations beneficial? Why or

why not?why not?

Confidence

You increase confidence by:You increase confidence by:

- -

- -

--

--

- -

--

Confidence

Present content in small incremental Present content in small incremental stepssteps

- Small successes are more achievable- Small successes are more achievable Ask easy questions firstAsk easy questions first Proceed from:Proceed from:

- simple to complex- simple to complex

- concrete to abstract- concrete to abstract

- known to unknown- known to unknown

How to Increase Confidence 1

State how similar students succeededState how similar students succeeded Group learning outcomes into small Group learning outcomes into small

enough chunks so that the task seems enough chunks so that the task seems achievable rather than impossibleachievable rather than impossible

Let a learner proceed at his or her own Let a learner proceed at his or her own pace. (In many cases, this is not pace. (In many cases, this is not practical.)practical.)

Teach effectivelyTeach effectively

How to Increase Confidence 2

Intrinsic and extrinsic motivationIntrinsic and extrinsic motivation For most people, which is better For most people, which is better

over time?over time? How can you provide your students How can you provide your students

with intrinsic motivation?with intrinsic motivation?

Satisfaction

For a 50-minute lesson, you should For a 50-minute lesson, you should motivate your students:motivate your students:

a) at the beginninga) at the beginning

b) in the middleb) in the middle

c) at the endc) at the end

When should you motivate?

What is a content area where your What is a content area where your students’ motivation is a concern? students’ motivation is a concern? __________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________ Based on ARCS, what can you do to Based on ARCS, what can you do to

motivate them to learn the material?motivate them to learn the material?

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

Application

Assume learning will NOT occur if a Assume learning will NOT occur if a student is not motivated.student is not motivated.

Motivate your students by:Motivate your students by:

- gaining their - gaining their AAttentionttention

- making the content - making the content RRelevantelevant

- ensuring learners have - ensuring learners have CConfidenceonfidence

- addressing - addressing SSatisfaction atisfaction Do this by deliberately planning for itDo this by deliberately planning for it

Motivation Summary

Fenrich, P. (2014). Fenrich, P. (2014). Practical principles of Practical principles of instructional design, media selection, and instructional design, media selection, and interface design with a focus on computer-interface design with a focus on computer-based training / educational softwarebased training / educational software. Santa . Santa Rosa, CA: Informing Science Press.Rosa, CA: Informing Science Press.

Keller, J. (1987). Strategies for stimulating the Keller, J. (1987). Strategies for stimulating the motivation to learn. motivation to learn. Performance and Performance and Instruction, 26Instruction, 26(8), 1-7.(8), 1-7.

References

What questions about What questions about motivationmotivation

do you still have? do you still have?