1.The Therapeutic and Educational Social Robotics Lab

2. M o t iva t i o n 0 One of the single most important themes in all of psychology 0 Widely researched in sports, learning, and manpower 0 What factor(s) lead us to engage in the behaviors that we do? 0 WHY?? Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 3. Definition 0 Motivation is the psychological feature that arouses a person to action toward a desired goal and elicits, controls, and sustains certain goal directed behaviors. Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 4. Theories Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 5. Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Motivation Social Activity Work Studying Life style 6. Belongingness Motives 0 Need for Affiliation 0 Desire to establish and maintain social contacts 0 Need for Intimacy 0 Desire for close relationships characterized by open and intimate communication 0 Self-Disclosure 0 Sharing of intimate details about oneself to another person Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 7. Esteem Motives 0 Achievement Motivation 0 A strong desire to accomplish difficult tasks, outperform others, and excel. People with a high need to achieve tend to prefer moderately challenging tasks and to persist in accomplishing them. 0 Need for Power 0 A strong desire to acquire prestige and influence over other people Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 8. Sources of Achievement Motivation 0Many achievement-oriented children have parents and teachers who encourage and affirm independent achievement rather than overly controlling them with rewards and threats. 0First-born children tend to be higher achievers, but later-born children tend to have greater social skills and to be more accepting of new ideas. Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 9. Reward-Based Motivation 0 Many companies use incentive programs: 0 Individualized incentives, time off or extra pay 0 Small-group incentive plans, offering bonuses to work unit members for reaching goals 0 Profit-sharing 0 Recognition Programs 0e.g., Employee of the Month Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 10. Intrinsic Motivation 0 Intrinsic Motivation 0 An inner drive that motivates people in the absence of external reward or punishment 0 Extrinsic Motivation 0 The desire to engage in an activity for money, recognition, or other tangible benefits Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 11. Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 12. Motivation in Physical Therapy Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Physical therapy is similar to sport thus motivation is essential Movement Efforts Body development Pain Goal to achieve 13. Motivation Treatment outcome Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Motivation High Low Active Participation Passive Participation Better Outcome 14. Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Motivation High Low Apathy Better OutcomeEmotional arousal Personal engagement Motivation Treatment outcome 15. Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Motivation High Low Self and abilities esteem Not knowing self potential Better Outcome Underestimation of capacity Motivation Treatment outcome 16. Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Motivation High Low Repetitions and self-challenges Insufficient training Better Outcome Motivation Treatment outcome 17. Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 High motivation active participation emotional arousal personal engagement self and abilities esteem repetitions and self-challenges Low motivation passive action apathy not knowing self potential underestimation of capacity insufficient training Motivation Treatment outcome 18. How to keep motivation? Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Augmented feedback Task characteristics 19. Task characteristics Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 0Tasks improve motivation when: 0 The task is specific 0 The task is meaningful 0 The task is challenging but achievable 0 The task is framed in terms of getting what is wanted rather than avoiding what is not wanted 20. Task characteristics Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Early Learning Skilled Performance Blocked practice Random practiceVaried practice aAaaaaAAaaaaa A lkDhlGFjLHtPdh aaaAAAaaaaaaaAAA AAAAAAAAAA 21. Task characteristics Variable environment 22. Task characteristics Challenging tasks Rate of success Distributed practice 23. Augmented feedback Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Adequate feedback True Informative Easy to understand Not interfering 24. Augmented feedback Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Positive feedback 25. Augmented feedback Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Quantitative feedback 26. Augmented feedback Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Competition 27. How to keep motivation? Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Variable tasks Variable environment Challenging tasks Rate of success Varied and distributed practice Adequate feedback Positive feedback Quantitative feedback Competition Augmented feedback Task characteristics 28. Therapeutic Computer Games Handtutor Wii NeuroCom Balance Master 29. Therapeutic Assistive Robotics Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 Motek Locomat 30. Social Assistive Robotics Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 31. Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy 0 Design for motivation 0 Motivate Children 0 Motivate Elders 0 Keynote 0 Human robot interaction through robot audition. Hiroshi Okuno 0 Physical and Cognitive Robot Assisted Therapy. Bram Vanderborght Workshop on Motivational Aspects of Robotics in Physical Therapy, IROS 2012 32. IROS 2012 THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION