motivational interviewing
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Motivational Interviewing. Chapter 4 What is Motivational Interviewing?. What is Motivational Interviewing?. There is a fundamental spirit of MI that is much more important than any particular set of techniques Important aspects of that spirit include collaboration, evocation and autonomy. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Motivational Interviewing
Chapter 4What is Motivational Interviewing?
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What is Motivational Interviewing?
There is a fundamental spirit of MI that is much more important than any particular set of techniques
Important aspects of that spirit include collaboration, evocation and autonomy
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Collaboration• The counselor avoids an authoritarian
one-up stance, instead communicating a partner-like relationship.
• Exploration and support rather than persuasion or argument
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Evocation• The interviewers tone is not one of
imparting things (such as wisdom, insight, reality) but rather of eliciting, or finding these things within and drawing them out from the person
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Evocation• It is not an instilling or installing but, rather,
an eliciting, a drawing out of motivation from the person
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Autonomy• Responsibility for change is left with the
client• Respect is shown for the individual's
autonomy
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AutonomyWhen motivational interviewing is done
properly, it is the client rather than the counselor who presents the arguments for change
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There are four general principles of Motivational Interviewing
1. Express empathy2. Develop discrepancy3. Roll with resistance4. Support self-efficacy
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Express Empathy• A client-centered and empathic counseling
style is one fundamental and defining characteristic of motivational interviewing
• The counselor seeks to understand the client's feelings and perspectives without judging, criticizing, or blaming
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Express Empathy• Acceptance is not the same thing as
agreement or approval• The crucial attitude is a respectful listening
to the person with a desire to understand his or her perspective
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Express Empathy• The attitude of acceptance and respect
builds a working therapeutic alliance and supports the client's self-esteem, which further promotes change.
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Develop Discrepancy• Motivational interviewing is intentionally
directive -- directed toward the resolution of ambivalence in the service of change
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Develop Discrepancy• Motivational interviewing is specifically
directed toward getting people unstuck, helping them move past ambivalence toward positive behavior change
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Develop Discrepancy• A second general principle of motivational
interviewing is thus to create and amplify, from the client's perspective, a discrepancy between present behavior and his or her broader goals and values.
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Develop Discrepancy• If the behavior gap is very large, it can
decrease motivation by diminishing confidence
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Develop Discrepancy• When skillfully done, motivational
interviewing changes the person's perceptions (of discrepancy) without creating any sense of being pressured or coerced.
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Develop Discrepancy• People are often more persuaded by what
they hear themselves say than by what other people tell them.
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Roll With Resistance• Resistance that a person offers can be
turned or reframed slightly to create a new momentum toward change
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Roll With Resistance• In motivational Interviewing one does not
directly oppose resistance but, rather, rolls or flows with it
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Roll With Resistance• What to do about a problem, if anything, is
ultimately an individual decision• It is not the counselor's job to provide all
the answers and generate all the solutions
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Roll With Resistance• It is assumed that the person is a capable
and autonomous individual, with important insight and ideas for the solution of his or her own problems
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Roll With Resistance• Resistance is an interpersonal
phenomenon, and how the counselor responds will influence whether it increases or diminishes
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Support Self-Efficacy• Hope and faith are important elements of
change• A general goal of motivational interviewing
is to enhance the client's confidence in his or her capability to cope with obstacles and to succeed in change
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Support Self-Efficacy• A person may also be encouraged by the
success of others or by his or her own past successes in changing behavior
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Summary• It is vital to understand the overall spirit
and underlying assumptions of the method• Motivational interviewing is a skillfull
clinical method, not a set of techniques that can be easily learned
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SummaryMotivational interviewing is more than a set
of techniques for doing counseling. It is a way of being with people.