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Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where otherwise noted, this work is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License . © 2009 Regents of the University of Michigan Kathleen Ludewig [email protected] Open.Michigan OER Team University of Michigan

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Page 1: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa/ August 2009

/ University of Cape Town

/ University of the Western Cape

Except where otherwise noted, this work is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.© 2009 Regents of the University of Michigan

Kathleen [email protected]

Open.Michigan OER TeamUniversity of Michigan

http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Page 2: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Introduction

Page 3: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Definition of OER

• Learning materials that are freely available for use, redistribution, and adaptation.

• See also: http://opened.creativecommons.org/Overview

http://opened.creativecommons.org/Overview
http://opened.creativecommons.org/Overview
Page 4: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Examples of OER

Page 5: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

The first in the field: MIT OpenCourseWare

CC BY NC SA MITSource: http://ocw.mit.edu/

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Page 6: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

A Huge Array Of OERs Exist TodayAcross Different Populations Of Learners

K-12 Higher Education Life-Long Learning

Courses

Lesson plans

Teacher training

Video lectures

Courseware

Podcasts

Journals

Books

Images

Applications

Games

Slide from Presentation CC BY William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, Presentation at University of Michigan, October 23, 2008

http://www.oercommons.org/courses/collection/wgbh-educational-foundation
http://www.tessafrica.net/
http://www.curriki.org/
http://www.jocw.jp/
http://ocw.mit.edu/
http://www.core.org.cn/en/
http://www.vocw.edu.vn/
http://books.google.com/
http://www.opencontentalliance.org/
http://open2.net/
Page 7: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Motivations for OER

Page 8: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

https://open.umich.edu/education/

Page 9: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where
Page 10: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where
Page 11: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

U-M Medical School• Institutional reputation -> Showcase high

caliber of faculty and courses.• Global nature of health issues -> a significant

portion of students do clinical training abroad• Curriculum development -> improving medical

education standards through increased access to teaching materials.

• Professional development -> OER as a medium for continuing medical education.

Page 12: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Source: http://www.factotem.com/openmed/

Page 13: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

U-M College of Engineering

• Professor Peter Woolf's experiment with a senior Chemical Engineering course

Page 14: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where
Page 15: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Slide CC BY Peter Woolf

Page 16: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Slide CC BY Peter Woolf

Page 17: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Slide CC BY Peter Woolf

Page 18: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Slide CC BY Peter Woolf

Page 19: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Slide CC BY Peter Woolf

Page 20: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

U-M School of Information

• Open source mentality -> more eyes on the material leads to improved learning

• Information economics -> there's little if any commercial value for lecture materials, why not share

• Personal and institutional reputation -> news article about SI 519/PubPol 688!

• Archival sake -> specialized courses should be preserved

Page 21: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

U-M School of Information

• Some dScribes are altruistic students

Page 22: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

U-M Dentistry Project: First Dental School in Liberia

Page 23: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology

Kumasi, Ghanahttp://web.knust.edu.gh/oer/

Page 24: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where
Page 25: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

University of Ghana

Page 26: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

University of Ghana: College of Health Sciences

• Large classes = less personal attention -> OER offers scalability and efficiency gains

• Teaching styles within medicine are changing -> OER allows self-learning and electronic media shows close-up detail that students cannot always see during surgeries or demonstrations

• Capitalize on student technical know-how: Students are able to distribute materials easily among themselves and are used to burning and sharing CDs. With OER, that would be legal!

Page 27: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

• OER at UCT - within Centre for Educational Technology

• Health OER• Cape Town Open Education Declaration

• http://www.cet.uct.ac.za/OpeningScholarship• http://vula.uct.ac.za/portal/site/openuct/

Page 28: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

UCT

• "A number of individual champions or groups of students and academics supporting the notion of increased openness of teaching and learning materials and/or processes."

• "...opening scholarship..."• "...enhanced communication..."• "...more effective knowledge dissemination..."

- Cheryl Hodgkinson-Williams. Sketching the terrain: Open educational resources for teaching and learning at the University of Cape Town. August 2009

Report CC BY NC SA, available http://www.cet.uct.ac.za/OpeningScholarship

Page 29: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

http://free.uwc.ac.za/ Motivations from the UWC audience?

Page 30: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Summary of Motivations for OER

• Improvement of teaching materials• Efficiency gains• Professional development• Institutional reputation• Altruism For health:• The global healthcare worker crisis• The global nature of health issues

Page 31: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Closing Remarks

• Differing levels of support for OER within these institutions - at administrative and faculty level

• OER awareness campaigns in progress• Sometimes eLearning or open access are

stepping stones to OER adoption• Resources available determine the motivation

but shouldn't prevent participation

Page 32: Motivations for OER: Lessons from the U.S., Ghana, and South Africa / August 2009 / University of Cape Town / University of the Western Cape Except where

Questions?


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