MOUNTAINS OF THE WORLD

Yuri Badenkov

MOUNTAINS OF THE WORLDMOUNTAINS OF THE WORLD

• BiggestBiggest terrestrialterrestrial ecosystem (25%)ecosystem (25%)

• Mountain as Water towersMountain as Water towers

• Centers of Diversity (biological/cultural) Centers of Diversity (biological/cultural)

• Sacred placesSacred places

• Mountain forestsMountain forests

• Mountain agricultureMountain agriculture

• Mountain tourism / recreationMountain tourism / recreation

• Natural disastersNatural disasters

• Conflicts in mountainsConflicts in mountains

GLOBAL MOUNTAIN AGENDA GLOBAL MOUNTAIN AGENDA

UN Summit in Rio 1992 – Mountain Chapter 13UN Summit in Rio 1992 – Mountain Chapter 13• Mountain inter-government consultations (Asia, Mountain inter-government consultations (Asia,

1994; Europe, 1996)1994; Europe, 1996)

• Mountain Forum (1995, Peru)Mountain Forum (1995, Peru)

UNUN Summit in Johannesburg 2002Summit in Johannesburg 2002• International Year of Mountains (2002, Bishkek)International Year of Mountains (2002, Bishkek)

• Mountain Partnership (Merano, 2003, Cusco, 2006)Mountain Partnership (Merano, 2003, Cusco, 2006)

MOUNTAIN AGENDA IN EUROPEMOUNTAIN AGENDA IN EUROPE

• National Mountain Policy : National Mountain Policy : Austria, France, Austria, France, Italy, SwissItaly, Swiss

• European Mountain Charter (Counsel of European Mountain Charter (Counsel of Europe)Europe)

• Alpine Convention (1953-1995 -)Alpine Convention (1953-1995 -)

• EU: Less Favorable Areas and Mountains EU: Less Favorable Areas and Mountains (CAP)(CAP)

• EU: Global Change in Mountain Areas EU: Global Change in Mountain Areas (GLOCHAMORE) (GLOCHAMORE)

Mountain Areas in Europe

Analysis of mountain areas in EUmember states, acceding and other

European countries

European Commission contractNo 2002.CE.16.0.AT.136

Final reportJanuary 2004

Strategy for Sustainable Mountain Strategy for Sustainable Mountain Development should comprise:Development should comprise:

“ “ A coordinated set of participatory and A coordinated set of participatory and continuously improving process of analysis, continuously improving process of analysis, debate, capacity-strengthening, planning debate, capacity-strengthening, planning and investment, which integrates the and investment, which integrates the economic, social and environmental economic, social and environmental objectives of society, seeking trade-offs objectives of society, seeking trade-offs where this is not possible” (after OESD-where this is not possible” (after OESD-DAC, 2001) DAC, 2001)

Number of municipalities per massif

Massif ranges and transition areas

Carpathian ConventionCarpathian Convention

The Carpathians The Carpathians

- the region of international cooperation- the region of international cooperation

after after Zbigniew NiewiadomskiZbigniew Niewiadomski The Foundation for the Eastern Carpathians The Foundation for the Eastern Carpathians

Biodiversity ConservationBiodiversity Conservation

The Carpathians - less favourable areas?The Carpathians - less favourable areas?

Covering mostly border areas the Covering mostly border areas the Carpathians may be Carpathians may be perceived simultaneously as less-favoured and most perceived simultaneously as less-favoured and most favoured region of Central Europe.favoured region of Central Europe. Less favoured from market economy point of viewLess favoured from market economy point of view - due to - due to political factors banning development in the past, present political factors banning development in the past, present political and economical marginality, lack of infrastructure, high political and economical marginality, lack of infrastructure, high unemployment rates and poverty as well as due to natural unemployment rates and poverty as well as due to natural factors such as topography, low productivity soils and short factors such as topography, low productivity soils and short vegetation period.vegetation period.

Most favoured - in biodiversity and cultural heritage Most favoured - in biodiversity and cultural heritage termsterms due to well preserved nature, forests and landscape, due to well preserved nature, forests and landscape, water resources, traditional way of life and land-use forms, non-water resources, traditional way of life and land-use forms, non-intensive agriculture and limited influence of industry.intensive agriculture and limited influence of industry. The Carpathians support a wealth of biological diversity, The Carpathians support a wealth of biological diversity, which is a rich cultural heritage reflecting centuries of which is a rich cultural heritage reflecting centuries of human presence in the mountains.human presence in the mountains.

The overall goal of the Convention is The overall goal of the Convention is

to promote cooperation of the Signatory to promote cooperation of the Signatory

States for the protection and sustainable States for the protection and sustainable

development of the Carpathians development of the Carpathians

with a view to with a view to inter aliainter alia improving quality of improving quality of

life, strengthening local economies and life, strengthening local economies and

communities, and conservation of natural communities, and conservation of natural

values and cultural heritage.values and cultural heritage.

MARSHALL OFFICEOFthe LOWER SILESIA

THE STRATEGY FOR DEVELOPMENTOF RURAL AREAS IN the LOWER SILESIA

WROCŁAW September 2001

/SUMMARY/

after Alina Majgier

© Zb. Golub

……less favourable areas?less favourable areas?

SUDETYSUDETY new challenge in EU Mountain Agenda?new challenge in EU Mountain Agenda?

• From periphery to regional cooperation?From periphery to regional cooperation?

• Sudety Convention?Sudety Convention?

Cпасибо!

DZIĘKUJĘ BARDZO