movement in and out of a cell cell membrane plasma membrane
TRANSCRIPT
MOVEMENT IN AND OUTOF A CELL
CELL MEMBRANEPLASMA MEMBRANE
TYPES OF TRANSPORT
Passive Transport
• “LAZY”
• No energy (ATP) required
• Controlled by the movement of molecules
Active Transport
• “HIGH ENERGY”
• Energy (ATP) Required
• Controlled by the cell
What is DIFFUSION?
Concen-tration gradient
No energy
High to low
http://www.biologycorner.com/bio1/diffusion.html
Concentration Gradient
Salt Water
WATER
SALT
Cover on
http://www.indiana.edu/~phys215/lecture/lecnotes/lecgraphics/diffusion2.gif
What is OSMOSIS?
• Diffusion of water• Water moves from
high to lowhttp://ntri.tamuk.edu/class/ryan/passive.html
WATER
Lots of Water Here
Not Lotsof Water Here
http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lectures/osmosis.htm
What is the function of membrane?
• Homeostasis• Controls movement of materials in
and out of cell
Do you remember what organic molecule the membrane is made of?
Lipid
Phosphate head
Lipids: Phospholipids
• Phospholipid Bilayer
FLUID-MOSAIC MODEL
Outside of Cell
Inside of Cell
PASSABLE• Monomers: amino acids,
glucose, glycerol, F.A.• H2O, CO2, O2,
NON-PASSABLE• Polymers: starch, proteins,
triglycerides• charged ions (Na+, Cl-)
What happens when a cell is placed in a solution with the same concentration as
inside the cell?
Normal Red Blood Cells
ISOTONIC SOLUTION•Iso = same•Tonic = water
•The cells stay the same size
What happens when an animal cell is placed in pure water?
HYPOTONIC SOLUTION
•The cells swellSwollen Red Blood Cells
What happens to plants in a hypotonic solution?
Plant cell placed in pure water?
•Will not rupture due to cell wall
•Turgor Pressure
Video
Water Vacuole
Contractile Vacuoles
What happens to an animal cell placed in salt water?
HYPERTONIC SOLULTION
•The cells shrivel upShriveled Red Blood Cells
Plants in a hypertonic Solution
Plant cell placed in salt water?
•Cytoplasm and membrane shrivel up
•Cell wall remains in place
•Plasmolysis
Osmosis in an animal Cell
Osmosis in a Plant Cell
Facilitated Diffusion• Faster with help of a
protein• No chemical reaction• NO ENERGY needed!• Examples: enzymes and
glucose
Facilitated diffusion is very specific
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
What if you need to get molecules to go against diffusion?
Against the concentration gradient
Uses energy to “pump” molecules in (or out)
What if the food is too big to fit through
the cell membrane?
ENDOCYTOSIS
2 TYPES
PHAGOCYTOSIS
• PSEUDOPODS: false-foot• Creates a food vacuole• Pinocytosis: cell drinking, small particles
• Feeding using pseudopodia (Phagocytosis)
You Tube
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W6rnhiMxtKU&feature=related
What is needed to digest another cell after it is eaten?
Stores strong digestive enzymes
Lysosomes are created from the Golgi Apparatus.
Golgi Body
http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/vesiclebudding.html
EXOCYTOSIS• Cell egestion• Removal of undigested food • Vacuole moves to edge of cytoplasm and opens up• Opposite of endocytosis
What must a cell do with undigested waste?
• Exocytosis