mozambique: a cry for peace

8/7/2019 Mozambique: A cry for peace

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MOZAMBIQUEA CRY FOR PEACE

i A Report f

AcknowledgementsParticular thanks are due t


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ZAMBIA

MutareZIMBABWE / m m

SOUTHAFRICA

SWAZILAND


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MOZAMBIQUE: DATES & EVENTS

Country Profile6th Century AD14981572

18851891

192619621964

19701975

1976

1977-1980

19801981-82

1983

1984

1985

1986

1986

1987

Arab and Asian merchants start trading with Mozam bique.Vasco de Gama, Portuguese explorer, becomes the firstEuropean to reach the coast of Mozam bique.First major military exped ition by the Portuguese Into theInterior of Mozam bique. .Berlin Conference estab lishes Mozam bique's frontiers.Establishment of the three foreign chartered com panieswhich controlled over half Mozambique's land until 19 41 .Antonio Salazar Installed as dictator In Portugal.Foundation of the Mo zambique Liberation Front FRELIMO .Portuguese troops massacre Mo zamblcan nationa lists atMue da, FRELIMO abandons peaceful protest aga instPortuguese rule the l iberation war begins.Election of Samo ra Ma chel as new President of FRELIMO.Independenc e. Nationalisation of all hea lth, education andlegal services. 90 % of Portuguese settlers lea ve,representing the majority of the s killed labour force.Imposition of UN sanctions against Rhodesia. Mozambiqueforegoes m ajor foreign exchange earnings from Its transportroutes to Rho desia.Zimbabwean liberation movement, ZANU, allowed to opera teout of Mozam bique. Rhodesia retaliate s by attacks onMozam bique & support for anti-FRELIMO dissiden ts.Major flooding of Limpopo & Incomatl rivers.Independence for Zimbabw e.Anti-government forces of the Mozam bique N ationalResistance, MNR , step up attacks on major transport routes.Increasing insecurity coincides with widespread drought Inseveral provinces; food and consumer goods become sc arce.4th FRELIMO Congress Introduces revised policie s In favourof the pe asant farm ing sector. Government appea ls forinternationa l aid for drought relief. Mozam blcan economy Inchaos.Mozambique signs the N komati Accord with South Africa .Despite this non-aggression pact, MNR activity continues.Zimbabwean troops help guard the main Tete and Belratransport routes.Seizure by joint Mozam bique/Zimbabwean forces of MNRbase in central Mozamb ique reveals evidence of continuingSouth African back lngforthe MNR.Fighting intens ifies In the densely populated northernprovinces. Government figures Indicate one-quarter o f thepopulation displaced or affec ted by the w ar.Death of President Samora Ma chel In unexplained aircrash. President Chissano appointed as successor. Allnational effor ts now focus on the fight to secure th e countryagainst MNR at tack s, with help from Zimbab we, Tanzaniaand Malaw i.Economic reform introduced. Devaluation of Meta cal. MajorUN Geneva conference of emergency aid donors.Fighting Intens ifies in south; major massacre by MNR atHomo lne, Gaza Province.

mozambique: a cry for peace

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