ROOTS OF CZARIST RUSSIA AND ITS DEMISE: ANIMAL FARM

Mrs. CarusoNotes for Animal Farm

CZARIST RUSSIA FALLS AND THERE IS THE RISE OF THE USSR

Major Characters: Czar Nickolas II- the last king of Russia

Vladimir Lenin - leader of the communist movement

Leon Trotsky- Lenin’s friend, communist /planner of the revolution

Joseph Stalin- Participates in the Russian Revolution; later rules Russia with deadly force

EXPOSITION: RUSSIA UNDER THE ROMANOVS

The Romanovs Last family to rule Russia “Czar” is taken from Roman word “Caesar” meaning

“Emperor” Part of a 303 year history of Russian Rulers Family members related to all major European monarchs,

including England and Germany

EXPOSITION

Czar Nicholas II Traditional/Old fashioned ruler Pays little attention to his people Gained the throne at age 28 upon father’s

death Royal family under the influence of Rasputin

(a monk, doctor, astrologer, with “supernatural powers”

Nicholas focuses on expanding Empire to include FINLAND and POLAND Has conflicts with Sweden and Germany

EXPOSITION: RUSSIA UNDER THE ROMANOVS

Nicholas and the Industrial Revolution Does not respect or take interest in new technology Makes no rules for industry to protect workers Railroads have no set standard Size of rails and cars vary by region-

EXPOSITION: RUSSIA UNDER THE ROMANOVS

Makes no attempt to change economy Still bad conditions for working class He gives workers more rights in 1905 out of fear He exiles leaders after their attempts to organize

and overtake the system including Lenin and Trotsky

Takes up violence against worker’s protests 170 miners were shot dead by the Russian army

when they went to express their concerns to Nicholas in 1912 (Bloody Sunday)- helps spark the Revolution

EXPOSITION: RUSSIA UNDER THE ROMANOVS

Final issues 1904-05- Russia has a was with Japan and is

beaten Nicholas focuses on Foreign policy instead of

helping its own people July 1914- Russia enters WWII as U.S. ally The war destroys their economy even furtherThe Romanovs continue to live lavishly while

their people suffer

INITIATING EVENT

December 18, 1916 The Leaders of the Russian government rebel

and execute Rasputin (the family “wizard”)

Felix Yusupov is NOT executed by the Romanovs because they know he is loved by the people, so instead he is sent to exile with his family in southern Russia

By not executing the man who shot Rasputin, the Romanovs now appear weak and powerless

RISING ACTION

February 1917 WWI continues Cities in Russia filled with food lines Crowds stage demonstrations against war and government Nicholas responds with violence Troops are ordered to fire on demonstrators The demonstrators DO NOT go away The police JOIN the crowds

RISING ACTION:THE FIRST REVOLUTION March 2, 1917 Nicholas signs act of abdictation (quits) Russia now under competing governments *Provisional Government- middle class owners *Soviet (representative)- workers Provisional government wins the power struggle *Vladimir Lenin Leader of the Bolsheviks (communists) Learns events from his exile in Switzerland

RISING ACTION: THE FIRST REVOLUTION

*Alexander Karensky A deputy in the Russian Government Liked socialism as a means of helping Russia,

but saw communism as terrorism Late February, 1917, took over the revolt and

became its leader. Becomes leader of the Provisional government Sends the Romanovs into exile in Ekaterinburg Western capitalist nations like him

RISING ACTION : THE FIRST REVOLUTION

Summer 1917 *Karinsky’s war offensive is a disaster Russian army is deserting by the thousands Bolsheviks make their first moves Trotsky returns to Russia; Lenin is on his way They declare provisional government

“bourgeois” Early uprising against government fails The New Russian Government is collapsing!