ms windows.docx

7/27/2019 MS Windows.docx

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e term Windows collectively describes any or all of several generations ofMicrosoftoperating systemproducts. These products

e generally categorized as follows:

e classic Windows logo, used until the release ofWindows XPin 2001

arly versions

ain articles:Windows 1.0,Windows 2.0, andWindows 2.1x

ndows 1.0, the first version, released in 1985

e history of Windows dates back to September 1981, when Chase Bishop, a computer scientist, designed the first model of an

ectronic device and project "Interface Manager" was started. It was announced in November 1983 (after theApple Lisa, butfore theMacintosh) under the name "Windows", butWindows 1.0was not released until November 1985.

[3]Theshellof Windows

0 was a program known as theMS-DOS Executive. Other supplied programs wereCalculator,Calendar,Cardfile,Clipboard

ewer, Clock,Control Panel,Notepad,Paint,Reversi,Terminal, andWrite. Windows 1.0 did not allow overlapping windows.

stead all windows weretiled. Only dialog boxes could appear over other windows.

ndows 2.0was released in October 1987 and featured several improvements to the user interface and memory

anagement.[3]

Windows 2.0 allowed application windows to overlap each other and also introduced more sophisticatedkeyboard

ortcuts. It could also make use ofexpanded memory.

ndows 2.1 was released in two different versions:Windows/386employed the386virtual 8086 modeto multitask several DOS

ograms, and the paged memory model to emulate expanded memory using availableextended memory.Windows/286(which,

spite its name, would run on the 8086) still ran inreal mode, but could make use of thehigh memory area.

e early versions of Windows were often thought of as simply graphical user interfaces, mostly because they ran on top ofMS-

OSand used it forfile systemservices.[4]

However, even the earliest 16-bit Windows versions already assumed many typical

erating system functions; notably, having their ownexecutable file formatand providing their owndevice drivers(timer, graphics,

nter, mouse, keyboard and sound) for applications. UnlikeMS-DOS, Windows allowed users to execute multiple graphical

plications at the same time, throughcooperative multitasking. Windows implemented an elaborate, segment-based, software

tual memory scheme, which allowed it to run applications larger than available memory: code segments andresourceswere

wapped in and thrown away when memory became scarce, and data segments moved in memory when a given application had

inquished processor control.

Windows 3.0 and 3.1ain articles:Windows 3.0andWindows 3.1x
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsofthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Lisahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Lisahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Lisahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintoshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintoshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintoshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Petzold-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Petzold-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Petzold-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system_shellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system_shellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system_shellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS_Executivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS_Executivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS_Executivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Calculatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Calculatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Calculatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Calendarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Calendarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Calendarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardfilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardfilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardfilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ClipBook_Viewerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ClipBook_Viewerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ClipBook_Viewerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ClipBook_Viewerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_Panel_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_Panel_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_Panel_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notepad_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notepad_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notepad_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Painthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Painthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Painthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_emulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_emulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_emulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Writehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Writehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Writehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiling_window_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiling_window_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiling_window_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Petzold-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Petzold-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Petzold-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_shortcuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_shortcuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_shortcuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_shortcuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanded_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanded_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanded_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows/386http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows/386http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows/386http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_80386http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_80386http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_8086_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_8086_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_8086_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows/286http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows/286http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows/286http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_memory_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_memory_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_memory_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Evolution-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Evolution-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_file_formathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_file_formathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_file_formathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_driverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_driverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_driverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_multitaskinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_multitaskinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_multitaskinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows1.0.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows1.0.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_logo.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_logo.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows1.0.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows1.0.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_logo.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_logo.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows1.0.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows1.0.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_logo.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_logo.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows1.0.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows1.0.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_logo.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_logo.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_multitaskinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Device_driverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_file_formathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Evolution-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_memory_areahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows/286http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_8086_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_80386http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows/386http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanded_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_shortcuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keyboard_shortcuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Petzold-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiling_window_managerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Writehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminal_emulatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Painthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notepad_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_Panel_(Windows)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ClipBook_Viewerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ClipBook_Viewerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardfilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Calendarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Calculatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS_Executivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_system_shellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Petzold-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintoshhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apple_Lisahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operating_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft


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ndows 3.0, released in 1990

ndows 3.0(1990) andWindows 3.1(1992) improved the design, mostly because ofvirtual memoryand loadable virtual device

vers (VxDs) that allowed them to share arbitrary devices between multitasked DOS windows.[citation needed]

Also, Windows

plications could now run inprotected mode(when Windows was running in Standard or 386 Enhanced Mode), which gave them

cess to several megabytes of memory and removed the obligation to participate in the software virtual memory scheme. They

ll ran inside the same address space, where the segmented memory provided a degree of protection, and multi-tasked

operatively. For Windows 3.0, Microsoft also rewrote critical operations fromCintoassembly.

Windows 95, 98, and Meain articles:Windows 95,Windows 98, andWindows Me

ndows 95, released in August 1995

ndows 95was released in August 1995, featuring a newobject orienteduser interface, support forlong file namesof up to 255

aracters, and the ability to automatically detect and configure installed hardware (plug and play). It could natively run 32-bit

plications, and featured several technological improvements that increased its stability over Windows 3.1. There were several

EM Service Releases (OSR) of Windows 95, each of which was roughly equivalent to aservice pack.

crosoft's next release wasWindows 98in June 1998. Microsoft released a second version of Windows 98 in May 1999,

medWindows 98 Second Edition(often shortened to Windows 98 SE).

February 2000,Windows 2000(in the NT family) was released, followed byWindows Mein September 2000 (Me standing

rMillennium Edition). Windows Me updated the core from Windows 98, but adopted some aspects of Windows 2000 and

moved the "boot in DOS mode" option. It also added a new feature calledSystem Restore, allowing the user to set the

mputer's settings back to an earlier date.

ndows Millennium Editionis often confused withWindows 2000(because of its name), and has been said to be one of the worst

erating systems Microsoft ever released.[5]

Windows NT family

ain article:Windows NT

e NT family of Windows systems was fashioned and marketed for higher reliability business use. The first release wasNT

1(1993), numbered "3.1" to match the consumer Windows version, which was followed byNT 3.5(1994),NT 3.51(1995),NT

0(1996), andWindows 2000, which is the last NT-based Windows release that does not include MicrosoftProduct Activation.

ndows NT 4.0 was the first in this line to implement the "Windows 95" user interface (and the first to include Windows 95's built-

32-bit runtimes).
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VxDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VxDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VxDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protected_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protected_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protected_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_filenamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_filenamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_filenamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plug_and_playhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plug_and_playhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plug_and_playhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_packhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_packhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_packhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98_Second_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98_Second_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98_Second_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Restorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Restorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Restorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_MEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_MEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-WinMEbad-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-WinMEbad-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-WinMEbad-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_4.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_4.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_4.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_4.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_Activationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_Activationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_Activationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_95_Desktop_screenshot.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_95_Desktop_screenshot.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_workspace.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_workspace.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_95_Desktop_screenshot.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_95_Desktop_screenshot.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_workspace.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_workspace.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_95_Desktop_screenshot.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_95_Desktop_screenshot.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_workspace.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_workspace.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_95_Desktop_screenshot.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_95_Desktop_screenshot.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_workspace.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_3.0_workspace.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Product_Activationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_4.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_4.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-WinMEbad-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_MEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_Restorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98_Second_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_packhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plug_and_playhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_filenamehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C_(programming_language)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protected_modehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VxDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_memoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0


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crosoft then moved to combine their consumer and business operating systems withWindows XPthat was released on October

, 2001. It came both in home and professional versions (and later niche market versions fortablet PCsandmedia centers); they

so diverged release schedules for server operating systems.Windows Server 2003, released a year and a half after Windows

P, broughtWindows Serverup to date with Windows XP. After a lengthydevelopment process,Windows Vistawas released on

ovember 30, 2006 for volume licensing and January 30, 2007 for consumers. And its server counterpart, Windows Server

08was released in early 2008. On July 22, 2009,Windows 7andWindows Server 2008 R2were released as RTM (release to

anufacturing) while the former was released to the public 3 months later on October 22, 2009.

4-bit operating systems

ndows NTincluded support for several different platforms before thex86-basedpersonal computerbecame dominant in the

ofessional world. Versions of NT from 3.1 to 4.0 variously supportedPowerPC,DEC AlphaandMIPSR4000, some of which

ere 64-bit processors, although the operating system treated them as 32-bit processors.

th the introduction of theIntelItaniumarchitecture(also known as IA-64), Microsoft released new versions of Windows to support

Itanium versions ofWindows XPandWindows Server 2003were released at the same time as their mainstream x86 (32-bit)

unterparts. On April 25, 2005, Microsoft releasedWindows XP Professional x64 Editionand Windows Server 2003 x64 Editions

support thex86-64(orx64 in Microsoft terminology) architecture. Microsoft dropped support for the Itanium version of Windows

P in 2005.Windows Vistawas the first end-user version of Windows that Microsoft released simultaneously in x86 and x64

itions. Windows Vista does not support the Itanium architecture. The modern 64-bit Windows family comprises AMD64/Intel64

rsions of Windows 7 andWindows Server 2008, in both Itanium and x64 editions. Windows Server 2008 R2 drops the 32-bit

rsion, althoughWindows 7does not.

Windows CE

ain articles:Windows CEandWindows Phone

e latest current version of Windows CE,Windows Embedded Compact 7, displaying a possible UI for what the media player can look like.

ndows CE (officially known as Windows Embedded Compact), is an edition of Windows that runs on minimalistic computers, like

tellite navigation systems and some mobile phones. Windows Embedded Compact is based on its own dedicated kernel, dubbed

ndows CE kernel. Microsoft licenses Windows CE toOEMsand device makers. The OEMs and device makers can modify and

eate their own user interfaces and experiences, while Windows CE provides the technical foundation to do so.

ndows CE was used in theDreamcastalong with Sega's own proprietary OS for the console. Windows CE is the core from

hichWindows Mobileis derived. Microsoft's latestmobile OS,Windows Phone, is based on components from bothWindows CE

0 R3and the currentWindows CE 7.0.

ndows Embedded Compact is not to be confused withWindows XP EmbeddedorWindows NT 4.0 Embedded, modular editions

Windows based on Windows NT kernel.

uture of Windows

e Start Screen of Windows 8 RTM (Build 9200).
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ows_8_start_screen.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WindowsCE7.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WindowsCE7.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_8_start_screen.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_8_start_screen.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WindowsCE7.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WindowsCE7.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_8_start_screen.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_8_start_screen.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WindowsCE7.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WindowsCE7.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_8_start_screen.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_8_start_screen.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WindowsCE7.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WindowsCE7.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_4.0_Embeddedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_Embeddedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Embedded_Compact_7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Embedded_CE_6.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Embedded_CE_6.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_OShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mobilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dreamcasthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OEMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Embedded_CE_7.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Phonehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_CEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Vistahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_Professional_x64_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2003http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Itaniumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIPS_architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DEC_Alphahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PowerPChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2008_R2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Vistahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development_of_Windows_Vistahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2003http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_theater_PChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Tablet_PChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP


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ndows 8, the successor to Windows 7, has finished its development, and will be released to the market on 26 October 2012.

ndows 8 has been designed to be used on both tablets and the conventional PC. TheMicrosoft Surfacetablet is to be released

ongside Windows 8, as a competitor to the Apple iPad and Samsung Galaxy Tab. It has been announced by Microsoft that

ndows Surface will be available in two editions - one for the typical end user, and a Professional edition aimed at designers and

her work-based users. Windows 8 was released to manufacturing on 1 August 2012, with a build of 6.2.9200.

istory

ain article:History of Microsoft Windows

e first version of Microsoft Windows,version 1.0, released in November 1985, lacked a degree of functionality, achieved little

pularity and was to compete with Apple's own operating system. Windows 1.0 is not a complete operating system; rather, it

tendsMS-DOS. Microsoft Windowsversion 2.0was released in November 1987 and was slightly more popular than its

edecessor. Windows 2.03 (release date January 1988) had changed the OS from tiled windows to overlapping windows. The

sult of this change led to Apple Computer filing a suit against Microsoft alleging infringement on Apple's copyrights.[6][7]

e Windows family tree.

crosoft Windowsversion 3.0, released in 1990, was the first Microsoft Windows version to achieve broad commercial success,

lling 2 million copies in the first six months.[8][9]

It featured improvements to the user interface and to multitasking capabilities. It

ceived a facelift in Windows 3.1, made generally available on March 1, 1992. Windows 3.1 support ended on December 31,

01.[10]

July 1993, Microsoft releasedWindows NTbased on a new kernel.Windows NT 3.1was the first release of Windows NT. NT

as considered to be the professional OS and was the first Windows version to utilizepreemptive multitasking.[citation needed]

WindowsT would later be retooled to also function as a home operating system, with Windows XP.

n August 24, 1995, Microsoft releasedWindows 95, a new, and major, consumer version that made further changes to the user

erface, and also used preemptive multitasking. Windows 95 was designed to replace not only Windows 3.1, but also Windows for

orkgroups, and MS-DOS. It was also the first Windows operating system to includeobject orienteddocument management and

e Plug and Play capabilities. The changes Windows 95 brought to the desktop were revolutionary, as opposed to evolutionary,

ch as those in Windows 98 and Windows Me. Mainstream support for Windows 95 ended on December 31, 2000 and extended

pport for Windows 95 ended on December 31, 2001.[11]

ext in the consumer line was MicrosoftWindows 98released on June 25, 1998. It was followed with the release of Windows 98

econd Edition (Windows 98 SE) in 1999. Mainstream support for Windows 98 ended on June 30, 2002 and extended support for

ndows 98 ended on July 11, 2006.[12]

s part of its "professional" line, Microsoft releasedWindows 2000in February 2000. During 2004 part of the Source Code for

ndows 2000 was leaked onto the Internet. This was bad for Microsoft as the same kernel used in Windows 2000 was used in

ndows XP. The consumer version following Windows 98 wasWindows Me(Windows Millennium Edition). Released in

eptember 2000, Windows Me implemented a number of new technologies for Microsoft: most notably publicized was "Universal

ug and Play". Windows Me was heavily criticized due to slowness,freezesand hardware problems.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Surfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Surfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Surfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preemptive_multitaskinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preemptive_multitaskinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preemptive_multitaskinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_95_Support_Lifecycle-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_95_Support_Lifecycle-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_95_Support_Lifecycle-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_98_Standard_Edition_Support_Lifecycle-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_98_Standard_Edition_Support_Lifecycle-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_98_Standard_Edition_Support_Lifecycle-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Plug_and_Playhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Plug_and_Playhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Plug_and_Playhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Plug_and_Playhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeze_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeze_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeze_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_Family_Tree.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_Family_Tree.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_Family_Tree.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Windows_Family_Tree.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freeze_(computing)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Plug_and_Playhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_Plug_and_Playhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_98_Standard_Edition_Support_Lifecycle-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_95_Support_Lifecycle-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preemptive_multitaskinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NThttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOShttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Microsoft_Windowshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Surfacehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_8


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October 2001, Microsoft releasedWindows XP, a version built on the Windows NTkernelthat also retained the consumer-

ented usability of Windows 95 and its successors. This new version was widely praised in computer magazines.[13]

It shipped in

o distinct editions, "Home" and "Professional", the former lacking many of the superior security and networking features of the

ofessional edition. Additionally, the first "Media Center" edition was released in 2002,[14]

with an emphasis on support for DVD

d TV functionality including program recording and a remote control. Mainstream support for Windows XP ended on April 14,

09. Extended support will continue until April 8, 2014.[15]

April 2003,Windows Server 2003was introduced, replacing the Windows 2000 line of server products with a number of new

atures and a strong focus on security; this was followed in December 2005 by Windows Server 2003 R2.

n January 30, 2007, Microsoft releasedWindows Vista. It contains a number ofnew features, from a redesigned shell and user

erface to significanttechnical changes, with a particular focus onsecurity features. It is available in a number ofdifferent editions,

d has been subject tosome criticism.

n October 22, 2009, Microsoft releasedWindows 7. Unlike its predecessor, Windows Vista, which introduced a large number of

w features, Windows 7 was intended to be a more focused, incremental upgrade to the Windows line, with the goal of being

mpatible with applications and hardware which Windows Vista was not at the time.[16]

Windows 7 hasmulti-touchsupport, a

designedWindows shellwith a newtaskbar, referred to as the Superbar, a home networking system called HomeGroup,[17]

and

rformance improvements.

n February 29, 2012, Microsoft released Windows 8 Consumer Preview, the beta version of Windows 8, build 8250. For the first

me since Windows 95, the Start button is no longer available on the taskbar, though the Start screen is still triggered by clicking

e bottom-left corner of the screen and by clicking Start in the Charm. Windows president Steven Sinofsky said more than 100,000

anges had been made since the developer version went public. In the first day of its release, Windows 8 Consumer Preview was

wnloaded over one million times. Microsoft released the Windows 8 Release Preview, Build 8400 on June 1, 2012. Like the

eveloper Preview, the Consumer Preview and the Release Preview are both set to expire on January 15, 2013.
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imeline of releases

Release date Product name

Current

Version /

Build

Notes LastIE

November 1985 Windows 1.01 1.01 Unsupported

November 1987 Windows 2.03 2.03 Unsupported

May 1988 Windows 2.10 2.10 Unsupported

March 1989 Windows 2.11 2.11 Unsupported

May 1990 Windows 3.0 3.0 Unsupported

March 1992 Windows 3.1x 3.1 Unsupported 5

October 1992 Windows For Workgroups 3.1 3.1 Unsupported 5

July 1993 Windows NT 3.1 NT 3.1 Unsupported 5

December 1993 Windows For Workgroups 3.11 3.11 Unsupported 5

January 1994Windows 3.2(released

inSimplified Chineseonly)3.2 Unsupported 5

September 1994 Windows NT 3.5 NT 3.5 Unsupported 5

May 1995 Windows NT 3.51 NT 3.51 Unsupported 5
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinesehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinesehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinesehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.51http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simplified_Chinesehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_3.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.1xhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_1.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer


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August 1995 Windows 95 4.0.950 Unsupported[11]

5.5

July 1996 Windows NT 4.0 NT 4.0.1381 Unsupported[18]

6

June 1998 Windows 98 4.10.1998 Unsupported[12]

6

May 1999 Windows 98 SE 4.10.2222 Unsupported[19]

6

February 2000 Windows 2000 NT 5.0.2195 Unsupported[20]

6

September 2000 Windows Me 4.90.3000 Unsupported[21]

6

October 2001 Windows XP NT 5.1.2600Extended Support forSP3until

April 8, 2014. (RTM, SP1 and

SP2 unsupported).

8

March 2003Windows XP 64-bit Edition(IA-

64)NT 5.2.3790 Unsupported 6

April 2003 Windows Server 2003 NT 5.2.3790

Extended Support for SP2 until

July 14, 2015. (RTM and SP1

unsupported).

8

April 2005Windows XP Professional x64

Edition(x86-64)NT 5.2.3790

Extended Support for SP2 until

April 8, 2014. (RTM and SP1

unsupported).

8

July 2006Windows Fundamentals for

Legacy PCsNT 5.1.2600 Current 8

November 2006

(volume licensing)

January 2007

(retail)

Windows Vista NT 6.0.6002

Current (RTM unsupported).

Version changed to NT 6.0.6001

with SP1 (February 4, 2008) and

to NT 6.0.6002 with SP2 (April

28, 2009).

9

July 2007 Windows Home Server NT 5.2.4500 Current 8

February 2008 Windows Server 2008 NT 6.0.6002

Current


with SP2 (April 28, 2009).

9
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_95_Support_Lifecycle-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_95_Support_Lifecycle-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_95_Support_Lifecycle-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_4.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_4.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_98_Standard_Edition_Support_Lifecycle-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_98_Standard_Edition_Support_Lifecycle-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_98_Standard_Edition_Support_Lifecycle-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98#Windows_98_Second_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98#Windows_98_Second_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_98_Second_Edition_Support_Lifecycle-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_98_Second_Edition_Support_Lifecycle-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_98_Second_Edition_Support_Lifecycle-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_SP3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_SP3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_SP3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#RTMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#RTMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#RTMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_64-bit_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_64-bit_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IA-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IA-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IA-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IA-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2003http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2003http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_Professional_x64_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_Professional_x64_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_Professional_x64_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Fundamentals_for_Legacy_PCshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Fundamentals_for_Legacy_PCshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Fundamentals_for_Legacy_PCshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Vistahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Vistahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Home_Serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Home_Serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2008http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Home_Serverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Vistahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Fundamentals_for_Legacy_PCshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Fundamentals_for_Legacy_PCshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_Professional_x64_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_Professional_x64_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2003http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IA-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IA-64http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_64-bit_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#RTMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XP_SP3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_XPhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Mehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_2000http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_98_Second_Edition_Support_Lifecycle-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98#Windows_98_Second_Editionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_98_Standard_Edition_Support_Lifecycle-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_98http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_NT_4.0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-Windows_95_Support_Lifecycle-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95


8/8

October 2009[22]

Windows 7andWindows Server

2008 R2NT 6.1.7601

Current


with SP1 (February 22, 2011).

9

April 2011 Windows Home Server 2011 NT 6.1.8400 Current 9

September 2012 Windows Server 2012 NT 6.2.9200 Windows Server 2012 RTMedAugust 2012.

10

October 2012 Windows 8 NT 6.2.9200Windows 8 RTMed August

2012.10
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2008_R2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2008_R2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2008_R2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2008_R2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Home_Server_2011http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Home_Server_2011http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2012http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2012http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2012http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Home_Server_2011http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Explorer_9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2008_R2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Server_2008_R2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows#cite_note-21

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