mst cv 2015a

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1. Name: M.S. Thakur

2. Date of Birth: 20th June 1954

3. Current position and address:

Dr. M.S. Thakur,

Chief Scientist (Retd)

and former Head

Fermentation Technology and

Bioengineering Department

Central Food Technological

Research Institute, Mysore- 570020

[email protected]

Presently : Hon. Visiting Professor

Center of Material Science

University of Mysore, Mysore -570006,

INDIA.

Tel: 0821-2515792, 0821-2546936

Fax: 0821-251723 Mob. No. 9449055108

For publication please open following link:

http://scholar.google.com/citations?user=5gmRvK8AAAAJ&hl=en

4. Research Experience:

R& D - Professional Experience

2

Summary of Significant contributions to science and/or technology development based on

the work done in India with specific reference is to be made to research papers published

and patents taken in this context

Dr. M. S. Thakur has made fundamental contribution in bio-inspired, biomolecular electronics, nanobiotechnology, nanobiosensors and biophotonics by interfacing biochemical events in biological systems with opto-electronic systems making complicated expensive diagnostics/biosensing, affordable, simple, specific, rapid and ultrasensitive. He has developed several biosensing technologies for food, environmental and clinical monitoring. His significant contribution has been in increasing the potential of bio-sensors by conjugating nanoparticleswith biomolecules like antibodies and aptamers,making biosensing a high throughput technology. His work has given considerable insight into the understanding of opto-physical properties of nanoparticles and their biomolecular interactions such as Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) and Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) phenomena's. Publications and patents on above concept: 1. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2012, 38(1): 411-415,IF= 5.4

2. Bioconjugate Chemistry , 2011, 22, 968–975. IF= 4.35

3. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2009, 25,224-227. IF= 5.4

4. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2014,57, 317–323 IF= 5.4 5. Anal Chim Acta. 2012, 13;722:107-13. IF=4.5

6.Analyst. 2012, Sep 2,1137(18):4343-8. IF= 4.23 7. Patent :NF No. 206NF2008.

8.Patent NF No. 139/08 .

9. Patent 726/DEL/2005.

His work has been in the development ofnon-conventional protein based stabilizers has

made breakthrough in the stabilization of enzymes and antibodies for biosensor application

and viable technology development

Publications and patents on above concept: 1. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2003,278,27,24324-24333. IF= 7.385 now 4.5

2. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2004, 20,903-906. IF = 5.4

3. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2004,19,1337-1341, IF= 5.4

4. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 2004,19, 621-625. IF= 5.4

5. Biosensor and Bioelectronics,2005, 21,206-211, IF= 5.4

6. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2002, 1597,133-139. IF= 4.3

7. Patent 653/DEL/2009.

8. 7267971,USA, 25-Mar-2003-11-Sep-2007,

9. EP1608747EU, 24- Dec- 2008.

Dr. Thakur has developed the state of art biosensing techniques based on

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR), nanosensors, aptasensors and image

processing.

Publications papers and patents on above concept:

1. Biosensors and Bioelectronics. 2009,25,224-227. IF= 5.4

2. Analytical Methods,2013,5, 653-659,IF= 1.855

3. Anal Biochem. 2013, 441, 1, 73-9.IF= 2.582.

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4. Chem. Commun., 2013, 49, 5960-5962, IF= 6.3

Several bio-inspired prototype devices have been developed by him for sensitive

detection and quantification of L-lactate, sucrose, glucose, pesticides, heavy metals,

monitoring hygiene and sanitation, freshness of meat, fish and milk and toxins. A

notable one among them has been the rapid pre-screening of heavy metals and pesticide in

water using an approach via use of immobilized biophotonic beads consisting of

bioluminescent bacteria. This approach is novel and unlike commercially available "Microtox"

toxicity monitoring system, the method developed by his team is much more efficient, rapid,

sensitive and reusable for a prolonged duration of time at an affordable cost. This particular

technology was awarded the "Gandhian Young Innovation Awards, 2014.

Published papers and patents on above concept:

1. Biosensor and Bioelectronics. 2006, 21,1264-1271. IF= 5.4

2. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2007. 389:2227-2234, IF=3.6

3. AnalyticaChemica Acta. 2006, 560,30-34. IF=4.5

4. AnalyticaChimica Acta. 2006, 582,329-334. IF=4.5

5. Journal of Hazardous materials. 2012, 225–226, 114–123. IF=4.173

AFFORDABLE DIAGNOSTICS:

An advancement in cutting edge technology to detect vitamin B12 in food. Attempts

were made for visual analysis of vitamin B12 using Gold nanoparticles and aptamer. This

particular technology was awarded the "Gandhian Young Innovation Awards, 2013.

Awards and Honors: 1. Recipient of LaljeeGodhooSmarakNidhi Award for contribution in Food Science and Technology

by Association of Food Scientists and Technologists of India. 2000.

2. Recipient of CFTRI Foundation day award for best research paper 2003 published.

3. Recipient of CFTRI Foundation day award for Best applied Research Paper published

2007-08.

4. Recipient of CFTRI Foundation day Award for best research paper published in 2008-09 .

5. Recipient of CFTRI Foundation day Award for best Scientist in 2008-09

6. Recipient of CFTRI Foundation day Award for best research paper published in 2012 .

7. Long-Term DBT Overseas Associateship Award during 1988-1990.

8. Recipient of Long Term National Scholarship for study Abroadby Ministry of Human

Resource Development (Govt. of India) from 1988-1990.

Honors:

1. Member of Expert Advisory Committee of Molecular electronics and Biosensor, (DST-GOI).

2. Expert Member, Board of Directors Madhya Pradesh Biotechnology Council, Government of

Madhya Pradesh.

3. Member of Board of Governors, the Institution of Engineers (INDIA), National Design &

Research Forum.

4. I was expert advisory committee member DBT.

5. Member- Advisory committee of UGC-SAP programme. University of Madras.

6. Expert member of future R&D planning of Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore.

7. Member of board of studies in Alagappa University.

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8. Member of the selection committee for SRF- DFRL, Mysore.

9. Selection committee of scientists- Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai.

10. Editorial Board member: Member of the editorial board of international journal “Journal of

Agriculture, Food and Environment” published by the International Society for Food,

Agriculture and Environment, Finland.

11. Referee for several journal of national and international repute, name a few are Biosensor

and Bioelectronics, Talanta, Sensors and Actuators, Analytical Chimica Acta and Analytical

and Bioanalytical Chemistry.

12. I have chaired President position of Association of Microbiologists of India (Mysore Chapter)

2005-06.

13. Several invited lectures and key note addresses delivered by me in national and International

conferences.

14. Received several best poster awards in national and international symposia/conferences.

Under “Turning point “ programme Doordarshan (DD) national network have made documentary on Tea biosensor (developed by my group) which was short listed as one of the

5. R& D projects handled: 1 International Projects:

1. On-line monitoring of fermentation processes using Biosensors: Work was done in-collaboration with Biotechnology Process Engineering

Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and University of

Maryland UMBC) USA during my Overseas Associateship awarded by

Department of Technology 1988-1990

Capacity: As a visiting Scientist

2. Cultivation of microorganisms and production of lactic acid by fermentation. Funded by DBT- SIDA: Indo-Swedish collaborative project. 1993-2001.In this project we have developed L-lactate biosensor and Technology has been transferred to Mr. F.K. Godrej, M/S Solid State Electronics, Pune . Capacity: Co- Principal Investigator

3. Development of Immuno-bioreactor based biosensors for the analysis

of pesticides and herbicides in water. Funded by INDO-SWISS Collaborative project (SDC-DBT) 2000-2005.Phase 1

Capacity: Principal Investigator

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4. Development of Immuno-bioreactor based Biosensor for Detection of Pesticides in Water and Environment. Funded by Indo-Swiss 2005-2008.Phase 2. Capacity: Principal Investigator

We are interfacing with Industries (M/s Bigtech, Bangalore) for technology

transfer through DBT SIBIRI Project.

5. Biosensors based on the action of transport proteins Funded

Swedish Research Council, 2006-2009.


6. Aptamer based biosensing for the detection of Food Toxins, Indo-

Spanish Joint Programme for Technological Co-operation in

Biotechnology.Funded by DBT-India, CIFGA-CSIR-CFTRI collaboration,

2013-2016.


2National projects

1. Development of Biosensor for food and fermentation analysis,Funded by CFTRI, 1994-96.

2. Development of a biosensor with flow injection analysis system for on-line monitoring of glucose and sucrose. Funded by DST, 1999-2002. Capacity: Principal Investigator

3. Development of Biosensor for quality assessment in tea processing. Fundedby DST –2003-2005. Capacity: Principal Investigator

4. Microprocessor based biosensor instrument development for monitoring of food and fermentation processes. Funded by DST, 1996- 2000. Capacity: Principal Investigator

5. Biotechnological Research for food safety: Development of Biosensor for OP pesticides. Funded by DBT 1995-1998. Capacity: Co-Principal Investigator

6. Development of Biosensor for chlorinated pesticides Funded by DBT 2005-2008. Capacity: Principal Investigator

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7. Development of Biosensor for assessing the microbiological quality of foods and monitoring of formaldehyde concentration in selected marine foods. Funded by National Programme on Micro and Smart Systems (NPMASS) -ADA-DRDO. 2010-2013. Capacity: Principal Investigator.

8. Purification of caffeine from waste tea leaves and their biotransformation to valuable/potent pharmaceutical molecules. A collaborative project with IIT-Guwahati under North –East Twinning programme funded by DBT India. Capacity: Principal coordinator, 2011 – 2014

9. Detection of Food borne Pathogens by Nanobiosensors, funded by DST 211-2014. Capacity: Principal Investigator

10. Development of new protocols for evaluation of traditional foods.In

house (CSIR-CFTRI) funded projectMLP-092, 2010-2012, Capacity: Principal Investigator.

11. Fermentative production and monitoring of biologically

importantmolecules. In house (CSIR-CFTRI) funded project, MLP-0102,

2012- 2014.Capacity, Principal Investigator.

3. Industrial Projects handled:

a) Studies on development of a biotechnological process for decaffeination of beverages. Project funded by M/s TATA TEA, 2002- 2003. Project Leader

b) Bio-decaffeination of dhool (tea paste): Application of microbial enzymes

Consultancy project with M/s AV Thomas and company, Chennai. Project Leader

6. Total Publications:

Sl.N

o. Year Authors Title of Paper

Name of Journal/Volume/Page no.

1. 2014

Radhakrishnan Jayasree

Padmaja, Akshath U.S

Uchangi, Kunhitlu

Subrahmanya Abhijith,

Prakash Motiram Halami

and Munna Singh

Thakur

Gold nanoparticle based

immunodetection of

Staphylococcus aureus

LeukotoxinM/F´-PV in subclinical

samples of bovine mastitis

Anal. Methods, 2014, Accepted Manuscript DOI: 10.1039/C4AY00525B

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2. 2014 Uchangi Satyaprasad

Akshath, likitha. R.

Shubha,

Praveena Bhatt, M.S.

Thakur*

Quantum dots as optical labels for

ultrasensitive

detection of polyphenols

Biosensors and Bioelectronics,

2014, 57, 317–323 IF=5.602,

3. 2014 Uchangi Satyaprasad

Akshath, likitha. R.

Shubha,

Praveena Bhatt, M.S.

Thakur*

Optical sensor to detect Dietary

polyphenols

Nature

Highlights

DOI10.1038-NIDIA.2014.49

4. 2014 Abhijith K.S., Sharma R.,

Ranjan R., Thakur M.S.*

Facile synthesis of gold-silver alloy

nanoparticles for application in

metal enhanced bioluminescence

Photochem. Photobiol. Sci.

In Press, DOI: 10.1039/C4PP00046C

IF=2.93

5. 2014 Ranjan R., Priyanka B.S.,

Thakur M.S*

ATPase inhibitor based luciferase

assay for prolonged and enhanced

atp pool measurement as an

efficient fish freshness indicator

Anal. Bioanal. Chem.

In-press, DOI 10.1007/s00216-014-7840-6

IF=3.659

6. 2014 Priyanka B.S., Abhijith

K.S., Rastogi N.K.,

Raghavarao K.S. M.S.,

Thakur M.S.+

Integrated approach for the

extraction and purification of igy

from chicken egg yolk

Sep. Sci. Technol,

49, Issue 4, pages 562-568

IF=1.16

7. 2013 Ragavan K.V.,

SelvaKumar L.S., Thakur

M.S.*

Nanoprobe detects harmful

chemicals

Nature

Highlights

DIO10.1038-NINDIA.2013.101

IF= NA

8. 2013 Priyanka, B.S., Rastogi,

Navin k., Raghavarao,

K.S.M.S., and Thakur,

M.S.+

Optimization of extraction of

luciferase from fireflies

(Photinuspyralis) using aqueous

two-phase extraction

Separation and Purification

Technology, 2013, 118, 40-48.

I.F=2.894

9. 2014 Ragavan K.V.,

SelvaKumar L.S., Thakur

M.S.

Nanoprobe detects harmful

chemicals

Nature

Highlights,DOI.:10.1038/nindia.2013.

101

IF= NA

10. 2013 K. V.Ragavan,

Sagaya L Selva Kumar

and M. S. Thakur *

Functionalized aptamers as

nano-bioprobe for ultrasensitive

detection of Bisphenol-A

Chem. Commun., 2013, 49, 5960-5962

IF=6.378

11. 2013 K.V. Ragavan,

Navin K. Rastogi,

M.S. Thakur*

Sensors and biosensors for

analysis of bisphenol-A

Trends in Analytical Chemistry,

2013, 52, 248-260IF=6.351

12. K.V. Ragavan,

Navin K. Rastogi,

M.S. Thakur

Sensors and biosensors for

analysis of bisphenol-A

Trends in Analytical Chemistry

(Online Corrected manuscript,)

IF=6.351

13. K. S. Abhijith, K. V.

Ragavan and M. S.

Thakur

Gold nanoparticles enhanced

chemiluminescence – a novel

approach for sensitive

determination of aflatoxin-B1

Anal. Methods, 2013,5, 4838-4845

IF= 1.855

8

14. 2013 K. V.Ragavan, Sagaya

L SelvaKumar and M.

S. Thakur *

Functionalized aptamers as nano-

bioprobe for ultrasensitive detection

of Bisphenol-A

Chem. Commun., 2013, Accepted

Manuscript

DOI: 10.1039/C3CC42002G

IF=6.378

15. 2012 Vinayaka A.C. and M.S.

Thakur*

Facile synthesis and photophysical

characterization of luminescent

CdTe quantum dots for FRET

based immunosensing of

staphylococcal enterotoxin B

Luminescence

DOI: 10.1002/bio.2440

IF=1.93

16. 2012 Kunhitlu Subrahmanya

Abhijith and M.S.

Thakur*

Application of green synthesis of

gold nanoparticles for sensitive

detection of aflatoxin B1 based on

metal enhanced fluorescence

Analytical Methods

DOI: 10.1039/c2ay25979f

IF= 1.855

17. 2012 Neeraj Katiyar, Sagaya

Selva kumar,

SanjuktaPatra, M.S.

Thakur*

Gold nanoparticles based

colorimetric aptasensor for

theophylline

Analytical Methods

DOI: 10.1039/c2ay26133b

IF= 1.5

18. 2012 Akshath U.S., Vinayaka

A.C. and M.S. Thakur*

Fluorescent disease sniffers doi:10.1038/nindia.2012.121;

Published online 23 August 2012

Research highlight

19. 2012 Vinayaka, A.C. and M.S.

Thakur*,

An immunoreactor based

competitive fluoroimmunoassay for

monitoring staphylococcal

enterotoxin B using bioconjugated

quantum dots

Analyst, 2012, Accepted

Manuscript

DOI: 10.1039/C2AN35760G,

IF=4.23

20. 2012 Sagaya Selva kumar, and

M.S.Thakur*

Dipstick based

immunochemiluminescence

biosensor for the analysis of

vitamin B12 in energy drinks: A

novel approach

Anal. Chimi. Acta –

Volume 722, 13 April 2012, Pages

107–113, IF=4.555


M.S. Thakur*

Nano RNA aptamer wire for

analysis of vitamin B12

Analytical biochemistry, Volume

427, Issue 2, 15 August 2012,

Pages 151–157, IF=2.996


M.S.Thakur*

Vitamin sensor Nature India,

doi:10.1038/nindia.2012.56;

Published online 20 April 2012

23. 2012 Rajeev Ranjan, Naveen.

K. Rastogi and M.S.

Thakur*

Development of immobilized

biophotonic beads consisting of

Photobacterium leiognathi for the

detection of heavy metals and

pesticide

Journal of Hazardous Materials

Volumes 225–226, 30 July 2012,

Pages 114–123,

IF=4.173

24. 2012 SowmyaNagarajappa,

M.S. Thakur+, H.K.

Manonmani

Detection of eneterotoxigenic

staphylococci by loop mediated

isothermal amplification method

Journal of Food Safety

Volume 32, Page 59-65

IF= 0.72

9

25. 2012 SowmyaNagarajappa,

M.S. Thakur+, H.K.

Manonmani

Rapid and simple DNA extraction

method for the detection of

eneterotoxigenicstaphylococcus

aureus directly from food samples:

comparison of PCR and LAMP

methods

Journal of applied Microbiology

Volume 113, Page 106-113

IF= 2.337

26. 2012 Priyanka B.S,

N.K.Rastogi, K.S.M.S.

Raghavarao and M.S.

Thakur*

Downstream processing of

luciferase from fireflies

(Photinuspyralis) using aqueous

two-phase extraction

Process Biochemistry, Volume 47,

Issue 9, September 2012, Pages

1358–1363,

IF=2.627

27. 2012 Akshath U.S., Vinayaka

A.C. and M.S. Thakur*

Quantum dots as nano plug-in's for

efficient NADH resonance energy

routing

Volume 38, Issue 1, October–

December 2012, Pages 411–415I

F=5.602

28. 2012 M.S. Thakur*, K.V.

Ragavan

Biosensors in food processing Journal of food science and

technology, In press, IF=1.123

29. 2011 Vinayaka, A.C. and M.S.

Thakur*,.

Photo-absorption and Resonance

Energy Transfer Phenomenon in

CdTe-protein Bioconjugates: An

Insight towards QD-biomolecular

Interactions

Bioconjugate Chemistry , 2011, 22,

968–975

IF= 4.35

30. 2012 Shabana Basheer, Dieter

Samyn, Martin Hedström,

M. S. Thakur+,

BengtPersson, Bo

Mattiasson

A membrane protein based

biosensor: Use of a phosphate -

H(+) symporter membrane protein

(Pho84) in the sensing of

phosphate ions.

Biosensors and Bioelectronics

27,(1) 58-63,

IF=5.602

31. 2012 SanjuktaPatra,

SarathBabu and M.S.

Thakur+

Effect of Physicochemical

Parameters on

EnzymaticBiodecaffeination During

Tea Fermentation

Applied Biochemistry and

Biotechnology Part A Enzyme

Engineering and Biotechnology.

166, 1 (2012), 112-126

IF= 1.89

32. 2012 V.R. SarathBabu, M.S.

Thakur+,Sanjuktapatra

Effect of physicochemical

parameters on enzymatic

biodecaffeination during tea

fermentation

Appl. Biochem Biotechnol.

166: 112-126

IF= 1.943

33. 2012 M.M. Naidu, P.V.

Sujithkumar, B.N.

Shyamala,G.

Sulochanamma, M.

Prakash, M.S. Thakur+

Enzyme assisted process for

production of superior quality

vanilla extracts from green vanilla

pods using tea leaf enzymes

Food Bioprocess Technology

Volume 5: Page 527-532

IF= 3.703

34. 2012 LathaRangachary, R.P.

Rajagopalan, M.S.

Thakur+, H.K.

Manonmani

Purification and characterization of

DDT-Dehydrohalogenase from

Pseudomonas putida T5

Preparative Biochemistry and

Biotechnology

Volume: 42, page 60-76

IF= 0.466

35. 2011 Akshath U.S, Sagaya

selva kumar, M.S

Thakur*

Detection of Formaldehyde in Food

samples by Enhanced

Chemiluminescence

Analytical Methods, 2012,4, 699-

704

I.F=1.5

10

36. 2011 S. Baker, A. C.

Vinayaka, H. K.

Manonmani, M. S.

Thakur*

Development of dipstick based

immuno-chemiluminescence

techniques for the rapid detection

of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane

In Press:

Luminescence: The Journal of

Biological and Chemical

Luminescence

IF=1.397

37. 2011 Sagaya Selva kumar L,

and M.S.Thakur*

Competitive immunoassay for

vitamin B12

Anal. Biochem– 418(2):238-46

IF= 2.99

38. 2011 Shabana Basheer

Sujith, PV

Ravi

M.S.Thakur*.

Comparative assessment tea

quality, with emphasis on Tea

polyphenols, by various analytical

and sensory methods

Journal of Food Science and

Technology

48, 4, 440-446

IF=0.498

39. 2010 Murthy HMR, Thakur,

M.S+. Manonmani HK

Degradation of Technical Grade

Hexachlorocyclohexane In Soil

Slurry by a Defined Microbial

Consortium

International journal of

environmental

research Volume: 4 Issue:

3 Pages: 471-478

40. 2010 Vinayaka AC, Thakur

MS*

Focus on quantum dots as potential

fluorescent probes for monitoring

food toxicants and foodborne

pathogens.

Anal Bioanal Chem.; 397(4):1445-

55.

IF 3.778,

41. 2010 Kumudha A, Kumar S.S,

Thakur M.S+,

Ravishankar G.A, Sarada

R.

Purification, identification, and

characterization of

methylcobalamin from

Spirulinaplatensis.

J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Sep

22;58 (18):9925-30.

IF 2.8, Cited 0

42. 2010 Chouhan, R. S. Vinayaka

A. C. andThakur, M. S*.

Chemiluminescence based

technique for the detection of

methyl parathion in water and fruit

beverages.

Anal. Methods, 2010, 2, 924–928.

IF = 1.5

43. 2010 Murthy MR ,Mandappa

IM Latha R Vinayaka AC,

M.S. Thakur*,

Manonmani HK

An immobilized dehydrohalogenase

based potentiometric biosensor for

the detection of chlorinated

pesticides

Anal. Methods, 2, 1355-1359

IF= 1.5

44. 2010 R.S. Chouhan,

K.V.S. Rana ,

C.R. Suri.

K.R.Thampi,

M.S.Thakur*.

Trace Level Detection of Atrazine

Using Immuno-

Chemiluminescence: Dipstick and

Automated Flow Injection Analysis

Formats

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL, 93,1. IF 1.22

45. 2010 R.S.Chouhan,

A.C.Vinayaka,

M.S.Thakur*.

Thiol-stabilized luminescent CdTe

quantum dot as biological

fluorescent probe for sensitive

detection of methyl parathion by a

fluoroimmunochromatographic

technique.

Anal Bioanal Chem. 2010;

397(4):1467-75.

IF 3.778


A.C.Vinayaka,

M.S.Thakur*.

Aqueous synthesis of CdTe

quantum dot as biological

fluorescent probe for monitoring

methyl parathion by

fluoroimmunosensor.

Nature Proceedings : 3451.1

11

47.

2009

A.C. Vinayaka,

S.Basheer,

M.S.Thakur*.

Bioconjugation of CdTe Quantum

dot for the detection of 2,4-

Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by

Competitive Fluoroimmunoassay

based biosensor


24,1615-1620.

IF=5.6

Cited:12

48. 2009 S. Selvakumar,

R.S.Chouhan,

M.S.Thakur*.

Enhancement of

chemiluminescence for vitamin B12

analysis

Analytical Biochemistry.

388,312-316.

IF= 2.9, Cited= 4

49. 2009 R.Krishneveni,

VandanaRathod,

M.S.Thakur+,

Y.F.Neelgund.

Transformation of L-Tyrosinase to

L-Dopa by a novel fungus,

Acremoniumrutilum under

submerged fermentation.

CurrMicrobiol.

58,122-128.

IF= 1.33

Cited= 2

50. 2009 M.Lisa, R.S.Chouhan,

A.C.Vinayaka,

H.K.Manonmani,

M.S.Thakur*.

Gold nanoparticles based dipstick

immuno-assay for the rapid

detection of organochlorine

pesticides


25,224-227.

IF= 5.6, Cited= 9

51. 2009 S. Selvakumar,

R. S. Chouhan,

M. S.Thakur*.

Trends in analysis of vitamin B 12 :

A review

Anal Biochem. 201,15; 398(2):139-

49.

IF 3.7, Cited 1

52. 2008 R.Krishneveni,

VandanaRathod,

M.S.Thakur+,

Y.F.Neelgund.

Screening and characterization of

novel cytosolic tyrosinase producer

AcremoniumRutilumw.gams

The Bioscan.

3,523-528.

IF= 1.031

Cited=2

53. 2007 M.S.Thakur*. Application of Nano-biotechnology

in Biosensor Development: An

overview

Ima-Gene .

54. 2007 K.S.Abhijith, P.V. Sujith

Kumar, M.A. Kumar,

M.S.Thakur*

Immobilised tyrosinase-based

biosensor for the detection of tea

polyphenols.

Anal Bioanal Chem,

389:2227-2234

IF= 3.7

Cited= 9


K.VivekBabu,

M.A.Kumar, N.S.Neeta,

M.S.Thakur*, B.E.Amitha

Rani, Akmal Pasha,

N.G.Karanth,

Detection of methyl parathion using

immuno-chemiluminescence based

image analysis using charge

coupled Device (CCD ).

Biosensor and Bioelectronics.

21,1264-1271.

IF= 5.6

Cited= 22

56. 2006 A.HirlekarSchmid,

S.E.Stanca,

M.S.Thakur+,

K.RavindranathanThampi

, C.R.Suri.

Site directed antibody

immobilization on gold substrate for

surface Plasmon resonance

sensors.

Sensors and Actuators B.

113,297-303.

IF= 3.9

Cited= 15

57. 2006

M.A.Kumar,

R.S.Chouhan,

M.S.Thakur+, B.E.Amita

Rani, Bo Mattiasson,

N.G.Karanth.

Automated flow ELISA system for

analysis of methyl parathion

Analytica Chemical Acta.

560,30-34.

IF=4.3

Cited= 8

12

58. 2006 V.R.SarathBabu, S.Patra,

N.G.Karanth, M.A.Kumar,

M.S.Thakur*.

Development of a Biosensor for

caffeine.

AnalyticaChimica Acta.

582,329-334.

IF= 4.3

Cited= 7

59. 2005 V.R.SarathBabu, S.Patra,

M.S.Thakur*,

N.G.Karanth,

M.C.Varadraj.

Degradation of Caffeine by

Pseudomonas alcaligenesCFR

1708

Enzyme and Microbial Technology.

37,617-624

IF= 2.367

Cited= 7

60. 2005 J.Jegan Roy, T. Emilia

Abraham, K.S. Abhijith,

P.V. Sujith Kumar,

M.S.Thakur*

Biosensor for the determination of

phenols based on Cross Linked

Enzyme Crystals (CLEC) of

Laccase.

Biosensor and Bioelectronics

21,206-211.

IF=5.6

Cited= 36

61. 2004 K.C.Gulla,

M.D.Gouda,

M.S.Thakur*,

N.G.Karanath.

Enhancement of stability of

immobilized glucose oxidase by

modification of free thiols generated

by reducing disulfide bond and

using additives

Biosensors and Bioelectronics,19,

621-625.

IF= 5.6

Cited= 9

62. 2004 V.R.SarathBabu,

M.A.Kumar,

N.G.Karanath,

M.S.Thakur*.

Stabilization of immobilized glucose

oxidase against thermal inactivation

by silanization for biosensor

applications

Biosensors and Bioelectronics.

19,1337-1341.

IF= 5.6

Cited= 22

63. 2004 V.B.Kandimalla,

N.S.Neeta, N.G.Karanth,

M.S. Thakur*,

K.R.Roshini, B.E.A.Rani,

A.Pasha, N.G.K.Karanth.

Regeneration Of Ethyl Parathion

Antibodies For Repeated Use In

Immunosensor: A Study On

Dissociation Of Antigens From

Antibodies


20,903-906.

IF= 5.6

Cited= 18

64. 2003 M.D.Gouda,

S.A.Singh,

A.G.Appu Rao,

M.S. Thakur+

N.G.Karanth.

Thermal Inactivation of glucose

oxidase: mechanism and

stabilization using additives.

Journal of Biological Chemistry

278,27,24324-24333.

IF= 7.385

Cited= 94

65. 2003 M.S. Thakur+,

N.G. Karanth.

Biosensors: A modern tool in

biotechnology

In: 5th International Food

Convention, CFTRI, Mysore.

66. 2002 Thakur M.S*., Development of New technologies

in Food Science and Technology

RakshaKhadyaVigyanPatrika,

2002, 10, pp:26-28 (Article in Hindi)

67. 2002 K.C.Gulla,

M.D Gouda,

M.S.Thakur+,

N.G.Karanth.

Reactivation of immobilized acetyl

cholinesterase in an amperometric

biosensor for organophosphorus

pesticide

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta.

1597,133-139.

IF= 4.374

68. 2002 M.D.Gouda, M.A.Kumar,

M.S.Thakur+,

N.G.Karanth.

Enhancement of operational

stability of an enzyme biosensor for

glucose and sucrose using protein

based stabilizing agents


17,503—507.

IF= 5.6

Cited= 32

69. 2002 M. D. Gouda,

M. S. Thakur+,

N. G. Karanth.

Reversible denaturation behaviour

of immobilized glucose oxidase

Applied Biochemistry and applied

Biotechnology.

102,471-480.

IF= 1.42, Cited= 2

13

70. 2001 M. D. Gouda,

M. S. Thakur+,

N. G. Karanth

Stability Studies on Immobilized

Glucose Oxidase Using an

Amperometric Biosensor-Effect of

Protein Based Stabilizing Agents,

Electroanalysis.

13,10.

IF= 3.08

Cited= 15

71. 2001 M.A.Kumar,

M.S.Thakur+,

A.Senthuran, V.Senterun,

N.G.Karanth,

R.Hatti-kaul,

B.Mattiasson.

An automated flow injection

analysis system for on-line

monitoring of glucose and L-lactate

during lactic acid fermentation in a

recycle bioreactor.

World Journal of Microbiology and

Biotechnology.

17,23-29.

IF= 1.082

Cited= 7

72. 2001 M.D.Gouda,

M.S.Thakur+,

N.G.Karanth.

Optimization of the multienzyme

system for sucrose biosensor by

response surface methodology

World Journal of Microbiology and

Biotechnology

17,595-600.

IF= 1.082, Cited= 11

73. 2001 K.C.Gulla,

M.S.Thakur*,

N.G.Karanth.

Biocapteurs et chasse aux

pesticides

BIOFUTUR.

215,56-59.

IF= 0.022

74. 2000 K.Rekha,

M.D Gouda,

M.S.Thakur*,

N.G.Karanth

Ascorbate Oxidase Based

Amperometric biosensor for

Organophosphorus Pesticide

Monitoring.


15,499-502.

IF= 5.6

Cited= 30

75. 2000 K.Rekha,

M.S.Thakur,*N.G.Karant

h

Biosensors for Organophosphorus

Pesticide Monitoring.

CRC Critical Reviews in

Biotechnology

20,213-235.

IF= 3.57

Cited= 21

76. 2000 A.K.Misra.

M.S.Thakur*, P.Srinivas,

N.G.Karanth.

Screening of Poly-ß-hydroxy

butyrate Producing Microorganisms

using FTIR Spectroscopy

Biotechnol. Letters,

22,1217-1219.

IF=0 .976

Cited= 10

77. 1999 M.S.Thakur,

N.G.Karanth.

Application of Biosensors for global

standards in food quality

In: Proceeding of

InternationalCoference (IFCON-98)

Published by Association of food

Scientists and Technologists ( India).

78. 1999 M.P.Nandakumar,

M.S.thakur+,

K.S.M.S.Raghavarao,

N.P.Ghildyal.

Studies on catabolite repression in

solid state fermentation for

biosynthesis of fungal amylases.

Letters in Applied Microbiology.

29,380-384.

IF= 1.46

Cited= 11

79. 1997 M.D.Gouda,

M.S.Thakur+,

N.G.Karanth.

A dual enzyme amperometric

biosensor for monitoring

organophosphorous pesticides

Biotechnology Techniques.

11,653-655.

IF= 0 .9

Cited= 16

80. 1996 M. P.Nandakumar,

M. S. Thakur+,

K. S. M. S. Raghavarao,

Substrate particle size reduction by

Bacillus coagulans in solid state

fermentation.

Enzyme and microbiol. Technol.

18,121-125.

IF= 2.86

Cited= 16

81. 1994 M.P.Nandakumar,

M.S.Thakur+,

K..S.Raghavarao,

N.P. Ghildyal .

Mechanism of solid particle

degradation by Aspergillusniger in

solid state fermentation

Process Biochemistry.

Vol.29, No.7, 545-551.

IF= 2.6

Cited=16

14

82. 1993 Max J. Kennedy,

M. S. Thakur+.

The use of Neural Net works to aid

in Microorganism identification

Antonie Van Leewenhoek.

63, 35-38.

IF= 1.98

Cited= 9

83. 1993 M.V.Ramana Murthy,

M.S.Thakur+,N.G.Karant

h

Monitoring of biomass in solid state

fermentation using light reflectance


8,59-63.

IF= 5.6

Cited= 16

84. 1992 M.J.Kennedy,

M.S.Thakur+,D.I.C.Wang

, Gregory

N.Stephanopoulos.

Estimating cell concentration in the

presence of suspendable solid : A

Light Scatter Technique.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering.

40,875-888.

IF= 3.377

Cited= 19


M.S.Thakur+,D.I.C.Wang

, Gregory

N.Stephanopoulos.

Techniques for the estimation of

cell concentration in the presence

of solid particles: A review

Biotechnology progress.

8,375-381.

IF= 2.398

Cited= 16


S.G Prapulla,

M.S. Thakur+.

Designing fermentation media : A

comparison of Neural Network to

Factorial design.

Biotechnology Techniques.

6 (4), 293-298.

IF= 0.97

Cited= 15

87. 1993 S.G.Prapulla,

M.S.Thakur+,

M.C.Misra,

N.G.Karanth.

Effect of lipid content on the

centrifugal recovery of oleaginous

yeast cells - Experimental

observations and mathematical

model.

Bioseparation.

3, 359-364.

IF=

Cited=

88. 1990 M.S.Thakur+, -

N.G.Karanath,

Krishna Nand.

Production of fungal rennet by

Mucormiehei using solid state

fermentation.

Appl. Microbiol.Biotechnol,

32,409-413.

IF= 3.624

Cited= 40

89. 1989 M.S.Thakur+,

S.G.Prapulla,

N.G.Karanth.

Estimation of intracellular lipids by

optical density measurement of

yeast cells stained with Sudan

Black ‘B’

Enzy. Microbiol. Technol.

11, 251-253.

IF= 2.638

Cited= 4

90. 1988 M.S.Thakur+,S.G.Prapull

a, N.G.Karanth.

Microscopic Observation of sudan

black B staining to monitor lipid

production by microbes.

J.Chem.Tech. Biotechnol.

42,129-134.

IF=

Cited= 4

91. 1987 M.S.Thakur+, S.G.

Prapulla ,

S.A..Jaleel,

M.S. Prasad ,

N.P.Ghildyal,

B.K. Lonsane .

Cultural stability of Streptomyces

fradiae in the production of xylose

isomerase: studies in shake flasks.

Folia Microbioligica

33(1):21-8.

IF= 0.97

92. 1987 N.P.Ghildyal ,

M.S.Thakur+ ,

S.S.Srikanta

S.A.Jaleel ,

S.G.Prapulla.

Rheological studies on

streptomycesfradiac SCF 5 in

submerged fermentation

J. Chem. Techn. Biotechnol.

38(4), 221-234.

IF= 2.045

Cited= 6

15

93. 1987 P, Prema,

M.S. Thakur+,

S.G. Prapulla,

S.V.Ramakrishna,

B.K.Lonsane.

Production of Gibberellic acid by

solid state fermentation : Potentials

and feasibility

Indian .J., of Microbiology.

28 (1&2), 78-81.

IF= 0 .78

Cited= 33

94. 1986 S.G.Prapulla,

M.S.Thakur+,S.A.Jaleel,

S.Srikanta, M.S.Prasad,

P.N.Devi, N.P.Ghildyal,

B.K.Lonsane.

Cultural Stability of Streptomyces

fradiae SCF 5 in production of

glucose Isomerase : Studies in

laboratory and pilot plant fermenter.

Chemie.Microbiologic Technologic

der Labensmittel.

10,168-171.

95. 1983 M.S.Thakur*,

K.M. Vyas .

Production of plant growth

regulators by some Fusarium

species

Folia microbiologica.

28(2):124-9.

IF= .97

Cited= 6

96. 1981 T.Satyanarayana,

M.S.Thakur *.

Auxin-like activity of some

antibiotics on germination of seeds

Proceeding of the National

Academy of Sciences.

51 (B), 38-40.

97. 1978 M.S. Thakur*,

N. Pathak,

S.B. Saksena.

Seasonal variation inleaf surface

mycofloraof Azadirachtaindica.

Indian Phytopathology, 31(2): 255-

256.

98. 1990 M.S. Thakur*. Studies on the production of

microbial rennet by solid state

fermentation

Transaction of Mycological Society

of Republic of China.

Cited= 9

99. 1993 Krishnananda,

M.S. Thakur*,

N.G. Karanth.

Downstream processing of

Microbial rennet from solid state

fermentation mouldy bran

Biotechnology Advances.

11, 399-407.

IF= 9.646

MANUSCRIPTS COMMUNICATED

1. 2014 Rajeev Ranja, M.

Sowmya, K. Vatcharavelu

and M.S. Thakur*

Rapid detection of toxic metal

contamination using Biophotonic

beads

interfaced with Avalanche

Photodiode

Analytical Methods

2. 2014 PrasannaJoglekar,

MandappaIychettiraMach

aiah, M. S. Thakur+ and

Manonmani Haravey

Krishnan

φ29 DNA Polymerase based Real

Time Isothermal Amplification

(RTIA) for the detection of Yersinia

enterocolitica

Food Microbiology

3. 2014 IychettiraMachaiahMandappa, PrasannaJoglekar, M. S. Thakur+ and Haravey Krishnan

Manonmani

Loop-mediated Isothermal

Amplification (LAMP) assay for

rapid detection of Bacillus cereus

diarrheal toxin genes

International Journal of Food

Microbiology

7. No. of Books Authored/Edited : Authored

16

1. Biosensors for Pesticides and Foodborne Pathogens.

In: Biosensors in Food Processing, Safety, and Quality

Control.

2010, PP 147-192,

CRC, Press.USA

2. Assay by biosensor and chemiluminescence for

vitamin B12

2012, Inc press, RSC publishing group

3. Research and Development on Biosensors for food

Analysis in India In: Advances in Biosensors 2003

Oxford

University , Press, 2003

4. Application of Nanotechnology for Biosensors and

Bioelectronics.

Proceedings published by INAE

Conference on Nanotechnology (INAE-

2003), Indian National Academy of

Engineering, 2003.

5. Enzymatic treatment for Downstream processing of

microbial oils. In : Downstream Processing in

Biotechnology

TATA McGill Publication, 1998

6. Biosensors and Bioelectronics and their applications

In: Advances in Biotechnology

Educational Publishers &Distributors,

India

7. Nanoparticles and Biophotonics as Efficient Tools in

Resonance Energy Transfer based Biosensing for

Monitoring Food Toxins and Pesticides

ACS publications, 2013 Chapter 4, 55-84 Eds: MichellAppell

8. No. of patents granted/Applied for : 15 Nos.

Sl.

No.

Title Country Filed on

(Date)

Granted

on

(Date)

Names of other

inventors

International Patents

1 Decaffeinating microorganism

and process of

biodecaffeination of caffeine

containing solutions

US patent granted:7,141,411

An Industrial collaboration with

M/S TATA tea and M/s AVT,

Natural Products was

established

USA 30-Sep-

2004

28-Nov-

2006

M.S.Thakur

R.SarathBabuN.G.Karan

th, M.C.Varadaraj

17

2

A process for the preparation of

thermostable enzyme of high

transition temperature. US

patent granted: 7267971

USA 25-Mar-

2003

11-Sep-

2007

M.S.Thakur

R.SharathBabuN.G.Kara

nthM.A.Kumar

3. Isolation of

Psedomonasalcaligenes for

biodecaffeination of caffeine

containing solution

US patent granted :

2007/0036,880

USA 28-Oct. -

2006

15-Feb.-

2007

M.S.Thakur

R.SarathBabuN.G.Karan

th,

M.C.Varadaraj

4. A process for the preparation of

thermostable enzyme

EP1608747

EU 24- Dec-

2008

M.S.Thakur

R.SharathBabuN.G.Kara

nth

M.A.Kumar

5. An improved process for the

preparation of natural vanilla

extract

WO/2009/031160

WO/PCT 25-Aug-

2008

12-March-

2009

S.R.D.SampathuM.M

Naidu.,

Raghavan B.,

M.S Thakur.

Sujithkumar.,

V. Prakash

National Patents

6. Method and kit for pesticide

analysis

487/DEL/2004

INDIA 16-Mar-

2004

26-May-

2006

M.S.Thakur

N.G. Karanth

M.A. Kumar

Amita Rani

A.Pasha

N.G.K. Karanth

7. A process for preparing

immobilized antibodies dipstick

for quantitative detection of

pesticides at high sensitive

level using

chemiluminescence.

NF No. 206NF2008

INDIA 2009 M.S.Thakur,

H.K.ManonmaniR.S.Cho

uhan.

8. Kit for the detection of

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane

(DDT) by Dot-ELISA method

using IgY (NF No. 139/08)

INDIA 2009 Deepthi N, Manonmani

H.K, Thakur M.S.

9. An improved process for

preparation of Fumonisin B1

654/DEL/2008A

INDIA 14-

Mar,2008

18-Sept-

2009

R. Latha

H.K. Manonmani

A. Pasha

M.S. Thakur

10. An immobilized enzyme based biosensor for

INDIA 2008 P.V.Sujithkumar

M.S.Thakur

18

measurement of polyphenols. 653/DEL/2009

Vatchravelu

N.G.Karanth

M.A.Kumar

11. A process for microbial biotransformation of caffeine totheophylline. (Ref.No.329/DEL/2006 A)

INDIA 3Feb.2006. 12-Feb

2010

SanjuktaPatra

M.S.Thakur

N.G.Karanth

12. A biosensor device for the determination of caffeine, (Ref. No.726/DEL/2005).

INDIA 2005 SarathBabu

SanjuktaPatra

M.S.Thakur

13. A process for preparation of an enzyme electrode for the determination of copper ions 363/DEL/2002 A

INDIA 27-Mar.-

2002

9-Mar-

2007

M.D.Gouda

M.S.Thakur

N.G. Karanth

M.A. Kumar

14 Development of process for stabilization of enzymes 2159/DEL/98

INDIA 1998 M.D.Gouda

M.S.Thakur

N.G. Karanth

15. A device useful for the

measurement of organic acids

and their derivatives

21/DEL/98

Commercialized.

INDIA 1998 M.S. Thakur

Nanda Kumar

M.A. Kumar

N.G. Karanth

M.C. Misra

9. Details of R& D work done: Application of Nanotechnology in biosensors

Development of new age and upcoming bio-diagnostic techniques has revolutionized the field of analytical and bioanalytical chemistry. The coordinated efforts from various fields such as biochemistry, biotechnology and material science has led to the development of several robust and reliable biosensing tools applicable in numerous fields such as health sector, environmental safety, clinical diagnostics and food technology. The usage of nanoparticles such as quantum dots, silver and gold nanoparticles for their efficient tailoring to conjugate with numerous biosensing agents such as enzymes, antibodies, aptamers, cells and tissues which can be used in high throughput and multiplexed analysis of a variety of analytes has greatly improved and replaced the conventional analytical methods. Unique opto-physical properties, surface plasmon resonance and field confinement effects of

19

semiconductor nanoparticles have greatly enhanced the sensitivity and robustness of bio-diagnostics involved in the detection of pathogens/ toxins and other hazardous materials such as pesticides and heavy metals. We have tried to deal with the upcoming and novel bioassays for quick and multivariate analytical approach for monitoring pathogens, toxins and other hazardous analytes at ultrasensitive levels.

1. Development of Nanobiosensors for analysis of food contaminants:

With gained experience in electrochemical, optical, enzyme, tissues, antibodies and DNA, we started thinking to progress in application of nanotechnology for biosensor development. With a vision to miniaturize the biosensor devices with very high sensitivity and affordable cost possess high reliability.

i) Detection of pesticides and Toxins using Q-dots:

Efforts are on for the detection of pesticides and microorganisms and microbial

toxins using nanoparticles such as quantum dots (CdSe, CdTe, and CdS) and gold

(Au) nanoparticles. Studies have been conducted on conjugation of Atrazine with

CdTe quantum dots for highly sensitive detection based on fluorescence. Antibodies

raised against pesticides/toxins and work is in progress. We have successfully used

these nanoparticles for detection of pesticides. We have proved a novel

phenomenon called Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) between

QD-Nanoparticles and Protein molecules (please see our publication).

ii) DNA nano probes:

Quantum dots are being used for the detection of food pathogens such as

Staphylococcusaureus and E.coli. The simple process of hybridization between

complementary strands of targeted ss DNA is being use for detection. For this

purpose the gene for the SEB/Ent B toxins are being used as the target sequence.

Biotinylated complementary probes will be conjugated with streptavidin coated

quantum dots. These DNA probes on binding with the target sequence will show a

20-fold increase in fluorescence compared to conventional dyes and hence very low

number of target sequence in sample solution can be traced.

iii) Fluorescent Nano-probes for targeted monitoring

Cancer is still extremely difficult to treat, so effective diagnosis strategies in the early

stages of cancer are critical. In this respect, imaging can become an indispensable

tool in cancer clinical trials and medical practice. In vivo fluorescence imaging of

tumors may offer a possibility for the direct bio-imaging of tumors for precise

diagnosis of cancer and monitoring of the treatment process. In situ fluorescent bio-

imaging is also of great significance for visualizing the expression and activity of

particular molecules, cells, and biological processes that influence the behaviour of

20

tumors and/or their responsiveness to therapeutic drugs. In this connection,

fluorescent gold Nano clusters will be synthesized and tagged with marker

proteins/aptamers for in-vivo self-bio-imaging. Protein markers like p53

antibody/aptamers bio conjugated with fluorescent gold nanoclusters will be targeted

for site specific response studies. The vast majority of all agents used to directly kill

cancer cells (ionizing radiation, most chemotherapeutic agents and some targeted

therapies) work through either directly or indirectly generating reactive oxygen

species that block key steps in the cell cycle. The question thus arises whether most,

programmed cell death caused by anti-cancer therapies is also ROS induced. The

“two-face” character of ROS is substantiated by growing body of evidence that ROS

within cells act as secondary messengers in intracellular signalling cascades, which

induce and maintain the oncogenic phenotype of cancer cells, however, ROS can

also induce cellular senescence and apoptosis and can therefore function as anti-

tumorigenic species. In this context, it is essential to know the role of ROS, the levels

at which they can bring about cellular damage and apoptosis and/or help cancer

cells maintain their phenotype. For in-vitro detection of ROS, a variety of

electrochemical, spectroscopic, chemiluminescent, and fluorescent methods have

been developed. Among them, the fluorescence detection method has distinctive

advantages in terms of high sensitivity and experimental convenience. For example,

previously commercialized fluorescent probes such as 20,70-

dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCFH) and 2-[6-(40-amino)phenoxy-3H-xanthen-3-on-9-

yl] benzoic acid (APF) are widely used for the optical detection of intracellular ROS.

However, these ROS fluorescent probes exhibit several limitations such as light-

induced auto-oxidation and insufficient ROS sensitivity. Therefore, the development

of an environmentally stable, species selective, and extremely sensitive fluorescent

probe is necessary for the quantitative analysis of intracellular ROS in biological

systems. In particular, present work will be aimed at developing a situ intracellular

ROS/anti-cancer drug fluorescent probe that could provide real-time physiological

information within live cells responding to various external stimuli.

iv) Aptamer based biosensing platforms

Aptamer based ultrasensitive biosensing systems were developed for vitamin B12,

Theophylline, Bisphenol A and p53. Present work was based on interaction of

aptamer with gold nanoparticles and differential binding of aptamer in presence and

absence of analytes. Currently, as a part of Indo-Spain project, we are working on

generation of aptamer for marine toxins and aflatoxins and its detection at food

samples at sensitive levels.

2. Protein/ biomolecule stabilization:

There is no biomolecules on the earth, which remain forever. To stabilize the biomolecules are extremely difficult task, which is very essential for biosensor development. Attempts were made and are being continued to stabilize biomolecules

21

for operational and thermal stability by using protein based stabilizing agents (PBSA) and other stabilizers. This study is very much essential to reduce the cost of analysis, and repeated biosensor use. Stabilization of biomolecules is also an important factor governing the enzymatic biotransformations on an industrial scale. My group came out with important breakthrough in stabilizing biomolecules such as enzymes and antibodies extreme conditions. We have several patents and publications in these regards.

3. Biosensor for Vitamin B12 Analysis:

Methods for the detection of Vitamin B12 remain still questionable due to its low sensitivity and complex chemical structure. In the present work, a simple, faster and sensitive technique based on Immuno-chemiluminescence (CL) is being developed to detect vitamin B12at very sensitive level (ppt).

4. Optical principle based detection system:

During my biosensors research during 20 years I have worked in core areas of optics including light scattering, absorbance, surface plasmon resonance, atomic force microscopy (cantilever optical system), refraction, reflection, fluorescence and luminescence (Bio and chemiluminescence) for biosensor development. I find chemiluminescence system based biosensors are more sensitive to detect any analyte at very low concentration.

10. Food Biosensor research at CFTRI:

Realizing the importance of biosensor research for food analysis early 90’s, now my lab on biosensor has been recognized nationally and internationally. During the last 10-15 years, I have handled several projects on Biosensor research, which were funded byCFTRI, DST, DBT, Indo-Swiss and Indo-Swedish agencies.

Currently I am working on the development of biosensors for food, environment (water) and

fermentation monitoring. Biosensors are being developed in my group, based on enzymes,

antibodies, tissues, cells etc. as biological recognition elements with optical or amperometric

detector systems as physical transducers. Biochemical signal processing for the biosensors

including, signal detection, transduction, amplification and processing are being done using

microprocessors and microcomputer.

1. Biosensors for pesticide monitoring in Food and Environmental samples: It must be mentioned that a highly sensitive immuno-sensor system was developed for the detection of ethyl and methyl parathions, 2,4D and atrazine at Picograms

22

concentration (ppt) based on the immuno-chemiluminescence principle. Antibodies against pesticides were raised in Chicken (IgY) and rabbit (IgG). An economical IgY was produced for highly sensitive detection system based on immuno-chemiluminescence biosensor. No existing system available, which can detect pesticides at ppt concentrations. The high sensitivities of pesticides detection achieved in the project show promise of excellent applications of our immunosensor for field application. International Scientific collaboration in Biotechnology funded this project under Indo-Swiss collaboration (SDC-DBT). International monitoring committee (JAC) of this project appreciated the progress of the project and recommended for industrial collaboration. In this connection we are now interfacing with the Industries (M/s Bigtech, Bangalore) for technology transfer through collaborative project, which was submitted to DBT under Small Business innovation research Initiative (SBIRI). Significant work has been done in terms of establishing the concept of detection of pesticides based on chemiluminescence (CL) wherein the required sensitivity at sub-nanogram level could be attained.

2. Biosensors for organophosphorous pesticides based on enzymes:

A variety of pesticides and herbicides have been extensively used in agricultural practices to increase productivity, leading to pesticide residues in soil, water and food. These contaminants create serious health hazards to human population. Following biosensor systems were developed for the detection of pesticides. i) Acetyl Choline Esterase ( AChE ) inhibition based biosensor: AchE based biosensor system was developed for monitoring of OP pesticide. Electrode was polarised at +410mV and signals were correlated with OP pesticide concentrations. While biosensors based on AchE inhibition have been known for monitoring of OP, pesticides, in food and water samples. However strong inhibition of the enzyme is a major drawback in practical application of the biosensor, this can be at least partially overcome by reactivation of the enzyme for repeated use. In our laboratory study on enzyme reactivation by oximes was explored. Two oximes viz., 1,1’-trimethylene bis 4 – formylpyridinium bromide dioxime (TMB-4) and pyridine 2-aldoxime methiodide (2-PAM) were compared for the reactivation of the immobilized

23

AChE. TMB-4 was found to be a more efficient reactivator under repeated use, retaining more than 60% of initial activity.

ii) Detection of OP pesticides using ascorbic acid oxidase: A laboratory biosensor has been constructed at CFTRI, Mysore for paraoxon with a sensitivity of 0.5 ppm. This sensitivity is not quite adequate for practical applications and efforts are in progress to improve the biosensor performance. Considerable research has been carried out at CFTRI; Mysore on the development of single and multi-enzyme based amperometric biosensors for organophosphorous(OP) pesticides detection. It is known that organophosphates exhibit their pesticide power through a strong inhibition of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity. This inhibition principle has been used to develop a biosensor for detection of OP pesticides. iii) Acid phosphatase inhibition-based detection.

An amperometry-based biosensor has also been developed to analyse the OP pesticide

using the dual enzyme system consists of acid phosphatase and glucose oxidase (GOD).

Using the above system, an amperometric biosensor consisting of a potato layer rich in acid phosphatase and on immobilized GOD membrane, when operated in conjunction with a Clark type electrode, detected the pesticide. A notable advantage of this biosensor is that the inhibition of acid phosphatase by the pesticide is reversible and thereby eliminates the serious problem of enzyme inactivation.

3. Construction of a prototype biosensor instrument for glucose and sucrose analysis for Food Industry application:

A prototype biosensor instrument has been constructed, and has undergone tests and troubleshooting in the laboratory for glucose and sucrose analyses. With a view to commercialisation of the instrument collaboration was established with an instrument manufacturing company. Later it was also been field tested in the sugar factories and confectionery industries.

4. Construction of a Lactate Monoxigenase (LMO) enzyme electrode:

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A batch type L-lactate biosensor for analysis in the concentration range 50-800 mg/dl has

been constructed at CFTRI, Mysore and the technology has been transferred to industry

(M/s Solid State Electronics, Pune). This features an enhanced operating life of 60 days

for enzymes sensing element of the biosensor, which is covered by patent (2159/DEL/98).

This biosensor can be used for L-lactate detection in fruit pulp, fermented samples and dairy

products.

5. On-line Monitoring of fermentation process using biosensor:

A biosensor with Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) system (Fig. 3), useful for continuous monitoring and control of food and fermentation processes was developedOn-line data acquisition and real time control of Food and Fermentation processes is a difficult task and limits the use of a batch type of biosensor. Through FIA system it was possible todetect Glucose and L-lactate subsequently and details of the process is given in figure 3.

6. Biosensor for Ascorbic acid analysis:

Work has been carried out at CFTRI, Mysore on the development of a tissue based

biosensor for L-ascorbic acid analysis in food and pharmaceutical samples. An immobilized

Ascorbic acid oxidase enzyme was used fordetection of ascorbic acid oxidase obtained from

cucumber peels. We found that Ascorbic acid oxidase was suitable enzyme for the

development of several biosensor systems for detection of pesticides (Pl. see Annexure I,

section 2, ii), Vitamin C (as above) and Copper ions (see below).

7. Detection of Copper ions by biosensor:

An ascorbic acid oxidase based system was used for the detection of Cu ions. This enzyme contains Cu++ in its active site. Based on its folding and unfolding (Biomolecular phenomenon) activity a biosensor was constructed. It was able to detect Cu ions in water sample.

8. Tea Biosensor:

India is exporting a large quantity of black tea all over the world. Tea polyphenols play a crucial role in determining quality of black and green tea. Major quality attributes such as colour and astringency directly linked with polyphenol contents. Therefore, it is necessary to know quantity of Polyphenols in tea. Also, tea polyphenols are gaining importance due to their strong antioxidant properties for nutrition and health. In this context in our lab, we have successfully developed an enzyme based amperometric biosensor (Fig

25

4) for the determination of total polyphenol content in tea infusions. Both in lab and industry trials were satisfactory for tea polyphenols detection and tea biosensor technology is going to be transferred to M/s Ti Industries Calcutta (MoU signed).

Food Microbiology and Fermentation Technology:

1979 to 2000:

1. Microbial Production of Glucose Isomerase enzyme for high Fructose Syrup (Large scale trial) : In this project Streptomyces fradie culture was cultivated in 10 to 200L capacity fermentors for the production of Glucose Isomerase which was very important enzyme for production of High Fructose Syrup (HFS) for beverages industries. This enzyme was isolated and immobilised for the production of HFS. A process was developed.

2. Microbial production of rennet on solid state and submerged fermentation: Rennet enzyme is very important enzyme for cheese making and in early 80’s this

enzyme was obtained through slaughtering the calf, keeping this in view a process

for production, extraction and purification of microbial rennet for vegetarian cheese

using Mucormuhei and Rhizopus was developed using solid state fermentations.

Cheese made out of this rennet was very suitable.

Several papers on this aspect were published.

3. Studies on the engineering aspects of solid state fermentation ( SSF): Bioengineering and microbiological studies on the growth of microorganisms and

production of many food enzymes were done using SSF. Several papers were

published and our contribution on SSF through this project was unique.

4. Cultivation of mammalian cells in fermentation for Human growth hormones and hybridoma cells ( MIT, USA ).

5. Microbial production of Single cell oil in submerged fermentation: Rhodotorulagracilis(Rg) was used to produce single cell oil. It was observed that Rg

could able to accumulate oil 75-80% intracellularly. Now it is an important area for

biofuel.

6. Cultivation of microorganisms and production of lactic acid by fermentation. Funded by DBT- SIDA: Indo-Swedish collaborative project. 1993-2001:

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7. Ecofriendlybiodegradable packing material: 1999-2000. Several strains of microorganisms were isolated and biodegradable

Biopolymers PHA, PHB, PHV etc were isolated, extracted purified and identified. It

was found that Pseudomonas and RhizobacteriumSp. were potent to produce these

biopolymers. Research papers published.

2000 –continued:

8. Microbial degradation of Caffeine and polyphenols to produce value added products.

9. Microbial Production of Caffeine degrading enzymes in submerged and solid state fermentation

10. Biotransformation of caffeine to theophylline using whole microbial cell, Enzymes Funded by CFTRI.

11. Immobilization of enzymes/cells for decaffeination of coffee and tea.

I ) Biodecaffeination of Tea and coffee:

Caffeine when taken in excess exhibits various deleterious effects. It stimulates the central nervous system, shows toxicity when fed in excess and is even mutagenic in vitro. Excessive consumption of caffeine through beverages is associated with a number of health problems like adrenal stimulation, irregular muscular activity, cardiac arrhythmias and increased heart output. Excess caffeine is reported to cause mutation, inhibition of DNA repairs and inhibition of adenosine monophosphodiesterase and during pregnancy causes malformation of fetus and may reduce central nervous system, shows toxicity when fed in excess and is even mutagenic in vitro. It also causes osteoporosis, i.e. decrease in mineral density.

Biodecaffeination is defined as the complete removal of caffeine and related methyl

xanthines form caffeine-containing materials like coffee, tea, cocoa etc., by the use of

enzymes/cells capable of degrading caffeine. We report the development of a

biodecaffeination process for coffee and tea using enzymes isolated from

Pseudomonas alcaligenes MTCC 5264. The enzymes involved in biodecaffeination

were caffeine 1N-Demethylase, 7N-Demethylase, xanthine dehydrogenase, xanthine

oxidase, uricase, allantoinase, allantoicase, glyoxylatede-hyrogenase and urease.

These enzymes could be stabilized for 90 days under cold storage in the presence of

lysozymeand sorbose.

Biodecaffeination of green coffee beans (Fig 5 item 7) was carried out using the

multienzyme system immobilized in calcium alginate beads ( Fig 5, item 3) and 70%

of the caffeine could be completely degraded which was present in the beans and tea

leaves. Inhibitory factors like caffeine- polyphenol complexes and polyphenol- protein

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complexes, which were inhibitory for biodecaffeination were prevented by the use of

glycine in the dhool. Biodecafeeianted samples of Tea and coffee were supplied to

M/s AVT, Natural products Pvt, Ltd. And company is interested to explore the

possibility of biodecaffienated tea and coffee in world market using our technology.

This is the first report on the stabilization of enzymes involved in biodecaffeination

and their application in the successful development of a biodecaffeination process for

coffee and tea.

ii) Molecular studies on biodecaffeinating Enzyme- Caffeine Demethylase.

Molecular charecterization of decaffeinating enzyme was done. The Decaffeinating

enzyme was found to have less than 31% similarity with existing proteins, which

indicates that the enzyme is novel. The region of similarity is in the Rieske Fe-S

cluster, which is a dioxygenase subunit protein iron-sulfur oxidoreductase

ferredoxin electron transport, which has a length of 116aa.

iii) Biotransformation of caffeine to Theophylline:

Keeping in view the deleterious effects of caffeine and its easy availability, it can be biotransformed to potent therapeuticmolecules as theophylline. The structural resemblance of theophylline to adenine is being made use of to venture into the possibilities of its use as anti viral (HIV), anti cancerous, anti tumourous activity. Production of Theophylline was carried out with an isolated strain of Penicilliumcitrinum MTCC 5215 in a 5-liter fermentor in a designed media. The fermentation parameters for theophylline production were optimised. Under Optimised conditions 80% conversion of caffeine to Theophylline was achieved. The fermentation broth was extracted using ethyl acetate and then acetone precipitated to separate theophylline from the rest of the crude extract. Theophylline was further crystallised using ethyl alcohol and confirmed as theophylline by HPLC, FTIR and NMR.

iv) Production of Theaflavin (TF)

Theaflavins in tea has a high health significance and medicinal properties. The content of TF in tea is much higher than that of many popular herbal extracts, such as dry standardized extracts of Ginkgo biloba, bilberry, grape seed extract and so on.Theaflavin, and theaflavindigallate induced apoptosis. Theaflavinspresent in black tea possess at least the same antioxidant potencyas catechins present in green tea. Specifically theaflavin-3, 3’-digallate (TF3)has strong antioxidant activity similar to (-)-

epigallocatechingallate (EGCG), a major antioxidant in green tea.

Crude enzyme was isolated from fungi and immobilized in suitable matrix. Sodium

alginate was found to be the best matrix. Production of Theaflavins was carried out

with an immobilized enzyme based reactor. Polyphenols extracted from waste tea

leaves (fallen at time of pruning having no commercial value) were taken for

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biotransformation to TF and TR. The parameters for theaflavin production were

optimised and a fluidised bed reactor was developed. Under Optimized conditions

60% conversion of Theaflavins from green tea catechins was achieved. The product

was purified, spray dried and contained 20% w/w of theaflavins.

12. An enzyme assisted process for the preparation of natural vanilla extract:

The major aim of the present study was to prepare vanilla flavor extract from green beans with enzymatic process without going through the elaborate and time consuming conventional curing process (4-6 weeks). We have successfully produced better quality natural vanilla extract using our tea enzyme andvanillin content was found to be three times higher when compared to the control. Also it had higher intensity of vanilla flavor, sweet and floral notes compared to conventionally cured bean extract in the sensory analysis.

14. Cultivation and whole cell immobilization of marine bioluminescent

bacteria for environmental monitoring: Highly luminescent and potent strain of bioluminescent bacteria was isolated from marine mussels. These bioluminescent bacterial strains were immobilized using physical entrapment methods and were used for the prescreening/monitoring of heavy metals and pesticides at ppm levels within a period of thirty minutes.

11. Dissertations supervised:

a. Ph.D. : 8 Nos 4 Nos. Students submitted Ph.D. Theses

4 Nos. (Working)

b. Post Graduate : 65 students

18. Technology / Process / Product development:

Technology Transferred and being commercialized:

Technology Transferred :

1. Biosensor for L-Lactate:

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A batch type L-lactate biosensor device for the analysis of L-lactate in food samples

within the concentration range of 50-800 mg/dL was constructed at CFTRI, Mysore

and the technology has been transferred to industry (M/s Solid State Electronics,

Pune). This features an enhanced operating life of 60 days for enzymes sensing

element of the biosensor, which is covered by patent (2159/DEL/98). This

biosensor can be used for L-lactate detection in fruit pulp, fermented samples and

dairy products.

2. Biosensor for Sugars:

An amperometric Biosensor system based on enzyme membrane for the detection

of Sugars in food, beverages and clinical samples has been of transferred to

M/s Innovate Software Solutions Pvt. LTD, 333,18th G main Road, 6th Block,

Kormangala, Bangalore.

3. Biosensor for tea quality assessment:

Tea Biosensor :Patent No. 653 DEL/ 2009

India is exporting a large quantity of black tea all over the world. Tea polyphenols play a crucial role in determining the quality of black and green tea. Major quality attributes such as colour and astringency are directly linked with polyphenol contents. Therefore, it is necessary to know quantity of Polyphenols in tea. Also, tea polyphenols are gaining importance due to their strong antioxidant properties for nutrition and health. In this context in our lab, we have successfully developed an enzyme based amperometric biosensor for the determination of total polyphenol content in tea infusions. Both in lab and industry trials were satisfactory for tea polyphenols detection and tea biosensor technology is going to be transferred to M/s TiIndustries Calcutta (MoU signed) and M/s Innovate Software Solutions Pvt LTD, 333,18th G main Road, 6th Block, Kormangala, Bangalore (MoU signed).

4. Biosensors for pesticide monitoring in Food and Environmental samples:

a) A Rapid Test kit for pesticide analysis based on charge coupled device (Indian Patent Ref. No. 502 NF/2003). b) A Rapid Test kit for pesticide analysis based on charge coupled device International Patent application Ref. No. PCT/IN 03/00446 ( Dated 31st Dec. 2003). It must be mentioned that a highly sensitive Immunobiosensor system was developed for the detection of ethyl and methyl parathions, 2,4-D and atrazine at Pico gram concentration (ppt=parts per trillion) based on the Immuno-chemiluminescence principle. Antibodies against pesticides were raised in Chicken (IgY) and rabbit (IgG). An economical IgY was produced

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for highly sensitive detection system based on Immuno-chemiluminescence biosensor. No existing system is available, which can detect pesticides at ppt concentrations. International monitoring committee (JAC) of this project appreciated the progress of the project and recommended for industrial collaboration. In this connection we are now interfacing with the Industries (M/s Bigtech, Bangalore) for technology transfer through collaborative project, which was submitted to DBT under Small Business innovation research Initiative (SBIRI).

19. Overseas visits:

Sl No.

Organization and country

Period

Purpose

1

Massachusetts Institute of

Technology , Cambridge, USA

April, 89- April, 90 DBT Long term Associateship

2 University of Maryland Baltimore, USA

May, 90- Sep., 90

Continuation of above Associateship

3 University of Lund, Sweden April, 94 - June, 94 Indo-Swedish collaborative project

4 University of Lund, Sweden May, 96 - June, 96

Indo-Swedish collaborative project

5 University of Lund, Sweden Sept, 98 - Nov, 98

Indo-Swedish collaborative project

6 EPFL, IMT, Switzerland Aug., 2001- Oct., 2001

Indo- Swiss collaborative Project

7 EPFL, Switzerland May 10 – 29, 2006 Indo-Swiss collaborative Project

8 Toronto (Canada) to attend 9th Biosensor world Congress at Toronto

May, 8-13, 2006 To present work on the Biosensor

9 University of Kalmar, Sweden University of Lund, Sweden

6th - 22nd June 2007 Under our collaborative Indo-

Swedish programme

10 University of Malaysia, Perlis 23-31st Aug. 2008

Invited talks at International conference on Smart Materials & sensors held at Penang & at University of Malaysia, Perlis (UniMAP)

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a) Moscow State University , Moscow. b) Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow

20-30 Aug. 2009 Part of delegation to Russia and delivered an invited talk

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i.Visit to University of Hong Kong – Science and Technology

ii.Invited talk at International Conference at Shenzhen

a) 23-24th Feb, 2011

b) 25-27th Feb 2011

Visit to HKU-ST

And

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International High Technology Forum – Shenzhen

Delivered an invited talk

mst cv 2015a

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