By:

Siti Nor Afzan Buyadi, Wan Mohd Naim Wan Mohamad, Maznor Ashikein Muhammad Zamani,

and Alamah Misni

Architecture, Planning and Surveying

Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam

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The changes in land use include loss of agricultural

lands, forest lands and increase of barren land and

impermeable surface of the area-caused UHI

phenomena

In Malaysia, among the most significant changes in

land surface conversion was the residential land

use, especially in Klang Valley (Takeuchi et.al, 2010)

Therefore, it is vital to have further understanding

in monitoring and investigating the land use

changes impacts in the urban microclimate

especially to conserve the forest reserve3

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of land use changes on the microclimate of area surrounding in Botanical

Garden Bukit Cerakah in the city of Shah Alam

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The research objectives are as follows:

To generate land use/ land cover map changes detection,

To develop the land surface temperature (LST) map, and

To investigate the temperature distribution within the multi land cover context in urban area

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Botanical Garden Bukit Cerakah, Shah Alam

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Botanical Garden Bukit Cerakah

Tasik Shah Alam

New developed area

Source: Google Map

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ArcGIS 9.3

Landsat Image Satelite(1991 & 2001)

Data Calibration(Geometric Correction/

Layer Stacking)

Image Classification(Unsupervised Classification)

Clip Study Area and Subset Thermal band

Thermal Infrared Band Conversion

Identify LST Model

LST RetrievalLand Use/ Land Cover Map

Analysis

Overlay

ERDAS Imagine 9.1

Data Source: Landsat Image (TM and ETM+)

No. Date of Image Satellite/ Sensor Image

Resolution

Thermal

Resolution

Reference system/

Path/ Row

1 21 Feb 1991 Landsat 5 TM 30 x 30 120 x 120 WRS-II/127/58

2 20 Sept 2001 Landsat 5 ETM+ 30 x 30 120 x 120 WRS-II/127/58

1991(*False Color)

2001

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Result and analysis: Land use/ Land cover Maps in 1991

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a) 1991

Water

Forest

Agriculture

Vegetation

Built-up Area

Barren Land

Water

1%

Forest

40%

Agriculture

27%

Vegetation

8%

Built-up

13%

Barren_land

11%

Botanical Garden Bukit Cerakah

Shah AlamLake

Agricultural Land

Result and analysis: Land use/ Land cover Maps in 2001

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Water

Forest

Agriculture

Vegetation

Built-up Area

Barren Land

Water

2%

Forest

35%

Agriculture

15%

Vegetation

12%

Built-up

23%

Barren_land

13%

Botanical Garden Bukit Cerakah

Shah AlamLake

Agricultural Land

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05

10152025303540

1

40

27

813 11

1

35

1512

23

13

Perc

enta

ge

Land use/ Land cover (LU/LC)

Percentage of the LU/LC Area

1991

2001

1 Gain the digital number (DN) from the thermal infrared band (Band 6) from Landsat image.

2. Conversion from DN to brightness temperature using quadratic regression model (Malaretet.al., 1985):

T(K)=209.831+0.834*DN-0.001372*DN*DN

Where;

T(K) = temperature in Kelvin degree

DN = the thermal infrared band pixel value

*To convert brightness temperature to degree Celsius = (degree Kelvin)-273.15

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a) 1991 b) 2001

Temperature range (ºC) Temperature range (ºC) 25

33

24

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Botanical Garden Bukit Cerakah

Shah Alamlake and

built-up area

Agricultural Land

Botanical Garden Bukit Cerakah

Shah AlamLake and

built-up area

Agricultural Land

LU/LC Class1991

(Temperature °C)

2001

(Temperature °C)

Water 28.30 25.64

Forest 25.88 26.55

Agriculture 26.58 24.72

Vegetation 27.06 27.76

Built-up 29.21 29.63

Barren Land 28.54 28.77

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Profile 1

3,5003,0002,5002,0001,5001,0005000

Te

mp

era

ture

(C

)

24

23

22

21

Forest and agriculture Built-up

andBarren-land

Water

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Profile 2

4,0003,5003,0002,5002,0001,5001,0005000

Te

mp

era

ture

(C

)

26

25

24

23

22

21

Forest and agriculture Built-up and

Barren-land Vegetation

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Profile 3

4,0003,5003,0002,5002,0001,5001,0005000

Te

mp

era

ture

(C

)

26

25

24

23

22

21

Built-up & barren

land

Forest, agriculture and vegetation

Vegetation

Built-up

1) Variance of temperature rise in most developed area.

2) Vegetative area remain cooler radiant temperature.

3) Disturbing human thermal comfort.

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Increase the vegetations (parks, trees etc) to replace loss of natural greenery in new urban

development.

Climatic consideration in future urban development to perform sustainable

development.

Seriously manage the UHI effects in various of fields and technology.

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