A.1. (A) Complete and write the following statements by choosingappropriate alternative from the given in the brackets :

(i) Kanniyakumari is the southernmost tip of Indian Peninsula.(ii) Bhakra - Nangal Project is built on Satluj river.(iii) The Southern part of Western Ghats is named as Annamalai.

A.1. (B) Match the Columns :Group ‘A’ Group ‘B’

(i) K-2 – Second highest peak of the world(ii) Mansarover – Source of rivers Indus(iii) The Karakoram – Heavily glaciated

A.2. (A) Give geographical reasons : (Any 2)(i) (i) About 38% of the total population of Rajasthan State lives in

the desert.(ii) In the past years, there has been an increase in human

population.(iii) Compared to the other deserts the Rajasthan desert is the

most densely populated in the world. Its population density isabout 83 persons per sq. km.

(iv) The reason behind this is that the Rajasthan Desert is atransition zone between densely populated basins of Ganga onthe east and Indus on the west side.

(ii) (i) The plantation agriculture requires vast farms and a long rainyseason to raise cash crops like tea, coffee, coconut, rubber, etc.

(ii) In the northern parts of the Western Ghats, agriculture isconfined to narrow valleys and moderated slopes.

(iii) The climatic factors like longer monsoon and deep weatheringin southern parts of Western Ghats favour the plantationagriculture in the region.

(iv) The coffee plantations in Baba Budan Hills, Tea plantations inUdagamandalam and Munnar areas or spices in Kerala - TamilNadu Ghats are some of the major plantations in these areas.

(v) So the plantation agriculture is mainly confined to the southernparts of the Western Ghats.

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–MT 154 –SOCIAL SCIENCE (73)GEOGRAPHY & ECONOMICS – PRELIM I – PAPER I (E)

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(iii) (i) Mining activities are well developed in Chota Nagpur plateaubecause it is rich in mineral deposits.

(ii) Minerals like Mica, Bauxite, Copper, Limestone, Iron ore andCoal are found here.

(iii) The Damodar valley is rich with coal deposits and it isconsidered as the prime centre of coking coal in the country.

(iv) Massive coal deposits are found in the central basin. Theimportant coalfields in the basin are Jharia, Raniganj, WestBokaro, East Bokaro and Ramgarh.

(iv) (i) The Middle Ganga Plain has immature alluvial soils as it isformed by deposition of new alluvium year after year.

(ii) A poor drainage pattern of the Middle Ganga Plain is the reasonfor the availability of immature alluvial soils.

(iii) Poor drainage causes accumulation of sodium salts whichrenders the soil infertile.

(iv) The immature alluvial soils generally lacks nitrogen and needsmanure and fertilizers.

A.2. (B) Write short notes : (Any 2)(i) (i) High rainfall, hot and humid climate leading to deep weathering

has favoured luxurient growth of natural vegetation in theWestern Ghats section.

(ii) A portion of south Sahyadri is gifted with tropical rain forests.(iii) In this forest trees like, Mahogany, Teak, Ain, Bomboo etc. are

found.(iv) Eucalyptus and teak are to be seen in the plantation forests.

(ii) (i) Large scale mining activities are carried in this plateau region.(ii) These mining activities lead to pollution of soil and water.(iii) After the extraction of minerals, the mining areas become

useless for any other use.(iv) Development in industrial sector, air, water and soil pollution

has increased.(v) Western part of the region is an earthquake prone zone.(vi) In 1993, an earthquake in Latur killed many people and

destroyed properties.(vii) Koyna is also an earthquake prone region.

(iii) (i) The Central Plain is drained by the river Ganga and itstributaries.

(ii) The Upper Ganga Plain has a very low gradient and slopesfrom northwest to southeast. So the Ganga and its tributaries,which are perennial rivers rising from the Himalayas, like

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Yamuna, Ramganga, Ghaghara, Kosi and Gomati flow gentlymaking meanders and ox-bow lakes in the plain.

(iii) Chambal river rises in the Peninsular and joins the Yamunariver.

(iv) The Middle Ganga Plain is drained mainly by the Ganga, Ghaghara,Kosi and Son. The Son, Kosi and Ghaghara are notorious forfloods and frequent changes in their courses. The Son is a majortributary of the Ganga originating from Peninsula Plateau.

(v) The Lower Ganga Plain is drained by the rivers Ganga,Brahmaputra and Suvarnrekha. The Damodar meets the Ganga-Hoogaly system in the deltaic region of the Ganga.

A.3. (A) Draw a simple line graph for the following information : 2

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X

COAL PRODUCTION

Years

SCALE1 cm = 50 million tonnes

on Y axis

Y

100

150

200

250

300

350

50

400

450

500

P

rodu

ctio

n of

Ric

e in

mill

ion

tonn

es

0 2000 -2001

2001 -2002

2002 -2003

2003 -2004

2004 -2005

A SIMPLE LINE GRAPH

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A.3. (B) Observe the given graph and answer the following questions :(Any 2)

(i) The important mountain ranges in the northern part is Ajantarange, Balaghat range

(ii) The general direction of slope is from Northwest to South east.(iii) Krishna, Godavari and Mahanadi are the major river valleys on the

plateau.(iv) River Wardha, River Manjara, River Wainganga are tributaries of

River Godavari. (Write any 2)

A.3. (C) Mark the following on the outline map of India : (Any 2)

INDIA

Purvanchal

Lakshadweep islands

Palk Strait1.

2.

3.

Marusthal4.

3

2

Lakshadweepislands

Palk Strait

1

Marusthal4

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A.4. Answer the following in detail : (Any 2)(i) (i) Desert region of Rajasthan is the biggest wool-producing area

in India.(ii) Chokla, Marwari, Malpuri and Pungal breeds of sheep are found

in the region.(iii) Of the total wool production in India 40% to 50% comes from

Rajasthan.(iv) The wool of Chokla breed of sheep is considered to be of superior

quality. Breeding centres have been developed for Merino sheepat Suratgarh and Bikaner.

(v) Some important mills for making woollen thread have beenestablished in Jodhpur and Bikaner.

(ii) The region of the Central Highlands extends from the southernrim of the North Indian Plain up to the Narmada Valley. TheAravalli Hills, East Rajasthan Uplands, Madhya Bharat, Pathar,Malwa Plateau, Bundelkhand, Baghelkhand, Chota NagpurPlateau and the Vindhya Range form the subdivisions of CentralHighlands.(i) Aravalli Hills :

(a) Aravalli hills are supposed to be the oldest mountain rangein India.

(b) It spreads in South West - North East direction.‘Gurushikhar’ is the highest peak of the Aravalli hills.

(ii) The East Rajasthan Uplands :(a) The region extends eastward from the foot of Aravalli hills

to the Eastern Plains.(b) It is drained by Banas river.

(iii) Bundelkhand :(a) The Bundelkhand region lies to the northeast of Malwa Plateau.(b) It spreads in the northern part of Madhya Pradesh and

adjoining portion of south Uttar Pradesh.(iv) Malwa Plateau :

(a) The Malwa Plateau is located in the southwestern part ofthe Central Highlands.

(b) The average elevation of the plateau is 500 m.(c) It forms the source region of rivers like Mahi, Chambal

and Betwa.(v) Vindhyanchal - Baghelkhand :

(a) Vindhyanchal - Baghelkhand spreads to the south east ofBundelkhand and east of the Malwa Plateau.

(b) River Tons, Son and its tributaries drain in the region.Most of the Vindhyanchal area falls within the state ofMadhya Pradesh.

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(c) Baghelkhand lies to the east of Vindhyanchal and spreadsin eastern Madhya Pradesh and northern part ofChhattisgarh.

(vi) Vindhya Range :(a) The Vindhya Range practically forms a boundary between

the North and South India. It is all about 1100 km andspreads from Eastern part of Gujarat to Bihar.

(b) The southern margin of this range defines the northernedge of the Narmada Valley.

(vii) Chota Nagpur Plateau :(a) It spreads in Jharkhand and extends into states like West

Bengal, Chhattisgarh and Odisha.(b) It is one of the mineral rich region of our country.

The Central Highlands are wider in the west and the widthdecreases towards the east. Some noteworthy landscape of theregion are Mount Abu in Aravallis, the Ravines (badlands) of RiverChambal, marble gorge of River Narmada near Jabalpur and Kaimurescarpment.

(iii) (i) The commercial rearing of milch animals is known as dairy farming.(ii) It is also an important part of rural economy.(iii) Haryana breed of bulls and Murrah breed of buffaloes are

famous in the semi-arid western districts of the plain.(iv) Amritsar is the leading centre of fresh milk collection and it

supplies milk to Chandigarh and Shimla.(v) For producing milk products, modern dairy industries have

recently set up in Amritsar, Ludhiana and Rohtak districts.

A.5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate alternative :(i) Optimum population indicates an ideal size of population.(ii) In Capitalist economy, means of production are owned, controlled

and operated by private individuals.

A.6. Answer in 1 or 2 sentences each : (Any 3)(i) (i) Scarcity of resources is the root cause of economic problems.

(ii) It limits the production of goods and services in the economy.

(ii) (i) Inflation is generally associated with rapidly rising prices.(ii) Inflation is a decline in the purchasing power due to increase

in prices.

(iii) During inflation, some businessmen resort to adulteration, hoardingof goods, quality deterioration, etc. for earning huge profits. Thus,inflation adversely affects moral values.

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(iv) There are two main objectives of PDS :(i) To provide essential goods to the consumers at reasonable and

subsidised price.(ii) To maintain minimum nutritional status of the population.

(v) (i) Right to safety : The consumers should be protected against goodsand services which are hazardous to health. For e.g. protectionfrom defective vehicles, inferior electrical appliances etc.

(ii) Right to choose : Consumers have a right to make a choicefrom variety of goods and services available in the market asper their preferences and purchasing power.

A.7. Answer in 5 or 6 sentences each : (Any 1)(i) The common business malpractices are :

(i) Sale of adulterated goods(ii) Sale of defective goods.(iii) Use of false weights and measures(iv) Hoarding and black marketing of the goods.(v) Charging more than Maximum Retail Price (MRP)(vi) Misleading advertisements of goods and services.

(ii) The important fiscal measures used to control inflation are asfollows :(i) Reduction in public expenditure : Government or public

expenditure should be reduced to control inflation.(ii) Increase in taxes : The government increases the existing tax

rates and imposes some new taxes to control inflationarypressure.

(iii) Surplus budget : In order to control inflation, the governmenthas to adopt surplus budget.

(iv) Public borrowings : In order to take away the excess purchasingpower from the public, the government borrows money frommarket, private individuals and business firms. It reducesdemand and hence prices come down.

(v) Over valuation : It discourages exports and increases theavailability of goods and services in a country.