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    V. 14 N. 12 December 2015

    Cntents

    Technica Papers

    • Cmparisn beteen riveted jints and frictin stireded jints f AA2014 aminm a

      C Rajendran, K Srinivasan, V Balasubramanian, H Balajiand P Selvaraj 

    3

    • Devepment f cd based machining ptimizatinsstem

      Deepjyoti Baruah and M Chandrasekaran9

    • Integrated prdctin – inventr – distribtin

    ptimizatin in a mti- echen spp chain  T V S R K Prasad, Kolla Srinivas and C Srinivas

    16

    Seect Bibigraph: Metal Forming 22

    Caendar f Events 25

    Pht Gaer: Vintage Machine:  The Old Time Chain LatheUsed In 1875

    28 

    Manfactring Techng Abstracts 29

    Seect Bibigraph f Standards: Metal Forming 41

    Patent Abstracts: Flow Forming 42

    Techng Trends 50 

    Prdct Infrmatin: Flow Forming Machine 52

    IPR Nes: A - Z Denions of Intellectual Property Terminology 53

    Anna Sbscriptin* Inand ₨1000.00 + Service

    Ta (ST) @14.5%

    Singe Cp ₨100.00 + [email protected]% Foreign USD 100

    CMTI members will receive the journal against their membership

     Editria Bard

    *All payments are to be made bydemand dra drawn in favourof ‘Central ManufacturingTechnology Instute, Bangalore' 

    Discaimer:  Technical Datapresented and views expressedby the authors are their own.CMTI does not assume anyresponsibility for the same.

     ChairmanS Satish Kumar

     Technica Paper Revie PaneS UshaN BalashanmugamDr. C K SrinivasaK K RajagopalB R Mohanraj

     EditrMallikarjun G

     

    Editria AssistantsShashi Rekha N

    Mala RC

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    Bibliography 

    Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015 22

    SElECT BIBlIoGRAPHy: METAl FoRMING

    1. Determinan f fricn a in dr metafrming ith DlC cated t

    Wang, ZG; Yoshikawa, Y; Suzuki, T; Osakada, K [CIRP Annals, V 63, N 1, 2014, Starng page277, 4 Pages] Rec. No: 110225

    2. Dce fractre and free srface rgheningbehavirs f pre cpper fis fr micr/mes-scae frming

    Furushima, Tsuyoshi; Tsunezaki, Hitomi;Manabe, Ken-ichi; Alexsandrov, Sergei  [Int J of Machine Tools & Manufacture, V 76, 2014,Starng page 34, 15 Pages] Rec. No: 110026

    3. Eect f materia scaer n the pascbehavir and stretchabiit in sheet metafrming

    Wiebenga, JH; Atzema, EH; An, YG; Vegter,H; van den Boogaard, AH  [J of MaterialsProcessing Technology, V 214, N 2, 2014,Starng page 238, 15 Pages] Rec. No: 110031

    4. on the inence f rkpiece materian fricn in micrfrming and bricanteecveness

    Taureza, Muhammad; Song, Xu; Castagne,Sylvie  [J of Materials Processing Technology,V 214, N 4, 2014, Starng page 998, 10 Pages]Rec. No: 110347 

    5. Dimping prcess in cd r meta frmingb nite eement mdeing and eperimenta

    vaidanNguyen, VB; Wang, CJ; Mynors, DJ; English,MA; Castellucci, MA  [J of ManufacturingProcesses, V 16, N 3, 2014, Starng page 363,10 Pages] Rec. No: 110287 

    6. lca heang methd b near-infrared rasfr frming f nn-qenchabe advancedhigh-strength stees

    Lee, Eun-Ho; Hwang, June-Sun; Lee, Chang-Whan; Yang, Dong-Yol; Yang, Woo-Ho  [J ofMaterials Processing Technology, V 214,N 4, 2014, Starng page 784, 10 Pages]

    Rec. No: 110288

    7. Devepment f a biaia ading frame frsheet meta

    Wilson, Joseph F; Kinsey, Brad L; Korkolis,Yannis P  [J of Manufacturing Processes, V 15,N 4, 2013, Starng page 580, 6 Pages]

    Rec. No: 1097408. Devepment f c-rdinate retrieva sstem

    in CAD fr sateite cmpnent b shearfrming prcess

    Ravikumar, B; Gajanana, S; HemachandraReddy, K; Nigam, KN  [ManufacturingTechnology Today, V 12, N 3, 2013, Starng page 5, 5 Pages] Rec. No: 109045

    9. Devepment f a ne prcedre fr theeperimenta determinan f the frmingimit crves

    Banabic, D; Lazarescu, L; Paraianu, L; Ciobanu,I; Nicodim, I; Comsa, DS  [CIRP Annals, V 62,N 1, 2013, Starng page 255, 4 Pages]Rec. No: 109279

    10. Methdg fr -ine evaan f neenvirnmenta friend trib-sstems frsheet meta frming

    Ceron, Ermanno; Bay, Niels  [CIRP Annals,V 62, N 1, 2013, Starng page 231, 4 Pages]Rec. No: 109419

    11. warm frming die design, part I: Eperimentavaidan f a nve therma nite eement

    mdeing cdeHarrison, NR; Rubekb, V; Friedmana, PA  [J ofManufacturing Processes, V 15, N 2, 2013,Starng page 263, 10 Pages] Rec. No: 109477 

    12. Ne methd fr predicng Frming limitCrves frm mechanica prperes

    Abspoel, Michael; Scholng, Marc E;Droog, John MM  [J of Materials ProcessingTechnology, V 213, N 5, 2013, Starng page 759, 11 Pages] Rec. No: 109798

    13. Crcifrm shape benets fr eperimentaand nmerica evaan f sheet meta

    frmabiit

    Frming, or meta frming, is the metal working processof fashioning metal parts and objects through mechanical

    deformaon; the workpiece is reshaped without adding orremoving material and its mass remains unchanged.  Formingoperates on the materials science principle of plascdeformaton, where the physical shape of a material ispermanently deformed.

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    Bibliography 

    Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015    23

      Lionel Leotoing; Dominique Guines; IbrahimZidane; Eric Ragneau [J of Materials ProcessingTechnology, V 213, N 6, 2013, Starng page 856, 8 Pages] Rec. No: 109853

    14. Anasis f id brican mechanisms inmeta frming at messcpic scae

    Dubar, L; Hubert, C; Chrisansen, P; Bay, N;

    Dubois, A [CIRP Annals, V 61, N 1, 2012, Starng page 271, 4 Pages] Rec. No: 109210

    15. An eperimenta and nmerica invesgann pmer met injected sheet meta frming

      Hussain, Muhammad Masood; Trompeter,Michael; Witulski, Jörg; Tekkaya, A Erman [J ofManufacturing Sci & Engg: ASME Trans, V 134,N 3, 2012, Starng page 031005, 13 Pages]Rec. No: 108706

    16. Faire predicn fr nninear strain paths insheet meta frming

    Volk, Wolfram; Homann, Hartmut; Suh,Joungsik; Kim, Jaekun  [CIRP Annals, V 61,N 1, 2012, Starng page 259, 4 Pages]Rec. No: 109099

    17. Baancing prcedre fr energ and materias in sheet meta frming

      Goschel, A; Sterzing, A; Schonherr, J  [CIRP Jof Manufacturing Science & Technology, V 4,N 2, 2011, Starng page 170, 10 Pages]Rec. No: 108213

    18. Ht sheet meta frming: the frman fgraded cmpnent characteriscs based n

    strategic temperatres management fr t-based and incrementa frming perans

      Neugebaucer, R; Schieck, F; Rautenstrauch, A;Bach, M  [CIRP J of Manufacturing Science &Technology, V 4, N 2, 2011, Starng page 180,9 Pages] Rec. No: 108192

    19. Ting Sstem Design fr Frming AminmBeverage Can End Shes

    Yamazaki, Koetsu; Han, Jing; Otsuka, Takayasu;Hasegawa, Takashi; Nishiyama, Sadao  [J ofMechanical Design: ASME Trans, V 133, N 11,2011, Starng page 114502, 6 Pages]

    Rec. No: 10848820. Impact f sperimpsed pressre n dieess

    incrementa sheet meta frming ith tmving ts

      Meier, H; Magnus, C; Smukala, V [CIRP Annals,V 60/1, 2011, Starng page 327, 4 Pages]Rec. No: 108503

    21. Smart Strctres assemb thrghincrementa frming

      Groche, P; Turk, M [CIRP Annals, V 60/1, 2011,Starng page 21, 4 Pages] Rec. No: 108512

    22. Fndamenta invesgans n the materia

    at cmbined sheet and bk meta

    frming prcesses

    Merklein, M; Koch, J; Opel, S; Schneider, T [CIRP J of Manufacturing and Technology,V 60, N 1, 2011, Starng page 283, 4 Pages]Rec. No: 108386

    23. Envirnmenta benign trib-sstems frmeta frming

    Bay, N; Azushima, A; Groche, P; Ishibashi,I; Merklein, M; Morishita, M; Nakamura, T;Schmid, S; Yoshida, M  [CIRP Annals, V 59,N 2, 2010, Starng page 760, 21 Pages]Rec. No: 105729

    24. Eect f dra bead pre and can insheet meta draing prcess - nite eementanasis and eperimenta vaidan

    Murali, G; Gopal, M; Rajadurai, A [Manufacturing Technology Today, V 9, N 6,2010, Starng page 18, 9 Pages]Rec. No: 105479

    25. Predicns f frming imit diagram fr AISI316lN-astenic stainess stee

    Ramadoss, R; Rajadurai, A  [ManufacturingTechnology Today, V 9, N 7-8, 2010, Starng page 20, 10 Pages] Rec. No: 105549

    26. Time dependent determinan f frmingimit diagrams

    Merklein, M; Kuppert, A; Geiger, M  [CIRP Annals, V 59, N 1, 2010, Starng page 295,4 Pages] Rec. No: 105915

    27. Invesgan int frming seqences fr the

    incrementa frming f db crved patessing the ine arra r set (lARS) prcess

    Shim, DS; Yang, DY; Kim, KH; Chung, SW; Han,MS  [Int J of Machine Tools & Manufacture,V 50, N 2, 2010, Starng page 214, 5 Pages]Rec. No: 106046

    28. Sheet meta frming imit predicn based npasc defrman energ

    Chen, J; Zhou, X; Chen, J  [J of MaterialsProcessing Tech, V 210, N 2, 2010, Starng page 315, 08 Pages] Rec. No: 106507 

    29. Asmmetric frming f aminm sheets b

    snchrns spinningShimizu, I  [J of Materials Processing Tech,V 210, N 4, 2010, Starng page 585, 8 Pages]Rec. No: 106561

    30. Stdies n he-anging prcess singmstage incrementa frming

    Cui, Z; Gao, L  [CIRP J of Manufacturing andTechnology, V 2, N 2, 2010, Starng page 124,5 Pages] Rec. No: 105267 

    31. Histr f pascit and meta frminganasis

    Osakada, K  [J of Materials Processing Tech,V 210, N 11, 2010, Starng page 1436,

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    Bibliography 

    Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015 24

    19 Pages] Rec. No: 106645

    32. Sheet meta frming ith the aid f eibepnch, nmerica apprach and eperimentavaidan

    Ramezani, M; Ripin, ZM; Ahmad, R  [CIRP J ofManufacturing and Technology, V 3, N 3, 2010,Starng page 196, 8 Pages] Rec. No: 108068

    33. Idencan f rhegica mdes andbndar cndins in meta frming

    Szeliga, D; Pietrzyk, M  [Int J of Materials &Producon Tech, V 39, N 3-4, 2010, Starng page 388, 18 Pages] Rec. No: 108005

    34. Frmabiit and srface nish stdies in singepint incrementa frming

    Samajit Singh; Bhaacharya, A; Reddy, NV [3rdInt. & 24th AIMTDR Conf, Visakhapatnam,Dec 2010, V 1, 2010, Starng page 133,5 Pages] Rec. No: 108251

    35.Atnms n-ine sstem fr fractreidencan at incrementa sheet frming

    Petek, A; Kuzman, K; Suhac, B  [CIRP Annals,V 58, N 1, 2009, Starng page 283, 4 Pages]Rec. No: 105026

    36. Ne bricant carrier fr meta frming

    Arento, M; Bay, N; Tang, PT; Jensen, JD [CIRP Annals, V 58, N 1, 2009, Starng page 243,4 Pages] Rec. No: 105172

    37. Csed-p feedback cntr f prdctprperes in eibe meta frming prcessesith mbie ts

    Allwoo, JM; Music, O; Raithathna, A; Duncan,SR  [CIRP Annals, V 58, N 1, 2009, Starng page 287, 4 Pages] Rec. No: 105181

    38. Sheet meta frming f piezceramic-meta-aminar strctres - siman andeperimenta anasis

    Drossel, WG; hensel, S; Kranz, B; Nestler, M;Goeschel, A  [CIRP Annals, V 58, N 1, 2009,Starng page 279, 4 Pages] Rec. No: 105183

    39. Simpe dr fricn mde fr meta frmingprcess

      Leu, D K  [J of Materials Processing Tech,V 209, N 5, 2009, Starng page 2361, 8 Pages]Rec. No: 106986

    40. Appican f a dce fractre criterin tthe predicn f the frming imit f sheetmetas

      Liu, H; Yang, Y; Yu, Z; Sun, Z; Wang, Y  [J ofMaterials Processing Tech, V 209, N 12-13,2009, Starng page 5443, 5 Pages]Rec. No: 106391

    41. Anasis f pasc caizan nderstrain paths changes and its cping ithnite eement siman in sheet metafrming

    Rocha, A B; Santos, A D; Teixeira, P; Butuc,M C  [J of Materials Processing Tech, V 209,N 11, 2009, Starng page 5097, 13 Pages]Rec. No: 106366

    42. Ne frmabiit indicatr in singe pintincrementa frming

    Hussain, G; Gao, L; Hayat, N; Ziran, Xu  [J of

    Materials Processing Tech, V 209, N 9, 2009,Starng page 4237, 6 Pages] Rec. No: 106252

    43. Cmpter aided mdeing f fricn inrbber-pad frming prcess

    Ramezani, M; Ripin, ZM; Ahmad, R  [J ofMaterials Processing Tech, V 209, N 10, 2009,Starng page 4925, 10 Pages] Rec. No: 106321

    44. overvie f stabiizing defrmanmechanisms in incrementa sheet frming

    Emmens, WC; Boogaard, AH  [J of MaterialsProcessing Tech, V 209, N 8, 2009, Starng page 3688, 8 Pages] Rec. No: 106208

    45. Inence f t rtan n an incrementafrming prcess

    Durante, M; Formisano, A; Langella, A;Minutolo, FMC [J of Materials Processing Tech,V 209, N 9, 2009, Starng page 4621, 6 Pages]Rec. No: 106236

    46. Increasing the part accrac in dieess rbt-based incrementa sheet meta frming

    Meier, H; Bu, B; Laurischkat, R; Smukala,V [CIRP Annals, V 58, N 1, 2009, Starng page233, 06 Pages] Rec. No: 106681

    47. M-stage meta frming: Varian andtransfrman

      Post, J; Klaseboer, G; Snstra, E; Amstel, T;Huenk, J  [J of Materials Processing Tech,V 209, N 5, 2009, Starng page 2648, 14 Pages]Rec. No: 107020

    48. Pasc instabiit in cmpe strain paths andnite eement siman fr caised neckingpredicn in sheet meta frming techng

    Rocha, AB; Santos, AD; Teixeira, P; Butuc,MC  [Int J of Materials & Product Tech,V 32, N 4, 2008, Starng page 434, 13 Pages]

    Rec. No: 10455049. T fr pma design f manfactring

    chain based n meta frming

    Pietzyk, M; Madej, L; Weglarczyk, S  [CIRP Annals, V 57, 2008, Starng page 309,4 Pages] Rec. No: 104382

    50. Meta frming siman - isses andpmm design

    Echempa, R  [Proc Int Conf on Froners inDesign & Mfg Engg (ICDM-08), 2008, Starng page 33, 8 Pages] Rec. No: 105097◘

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    Events

    Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015    25

      03 Jan 2016Technarete-Internana Cnference nEmerging Trends in Eectrnics, Eectrica andMechanica Engineering(ICEEME-16)HyderabadContact:

    ITRTel: +91-7735508167Email: [email protected]: hp://technoarete.com

      03 Jan 2016IRAJ-Internana Cnference n CmpterScience and Mechanica Engineering (ICCSME)Hotel Trinity Isle, # 139, Subedar Chatram Road,Swask Circle, Sheshadripuram, Bangalore 560 020Contact:

    ITRTel: +91-8984829561Email: [email protected]: hp://iraj.in/Conference/2015/Bangalore

      07 - 09, Jan 20165th AIA Indstria Ep 2016D. A. Anandpura Sports Complex GIDC, Ankleshwar,GujaratContact:

    Ankleshwar Industries Associaon

    Web: hp://www.indianevents.org

      10 Jan 2016IT RESEARCH-Internana Cnference nMechanica & Prdcn Engineering ICMPE-2016Hotel Presidency, 1471/A, Nayapalli, Bhubaneswar,Orissa, - 751015, Naonal Highway 5, ESIC Quarters,Nayapalli, Bhubaneshwar,Contact:

    Er. Bijan Kumar BarikE-mail : [email protected]. - +91-9776047497

    ITRESEARCHTel: +91-8984829561Email: [email protected]: hp://itresearch.org.in/Conference2016

      11 - 12 Jan 2016Int Cnf - i-Bharat ith the theme f ‘EmbracingTechng: Transfrming India’Federaon House, New DelhiContact:

    Mr Sudhir Malik, Research AssistantIT & Telecom Division

    FICCI, Federaon House, Tansen Marg, New

    Delhi-110001Tel: 91-11-23487217 Fax: 91-11-23320714Email: [email protected]: hp://www.cci.com

      21 - 26 Jan 2016IMTEx 2016: Indian Machine T Ehibin

    Bangalore Internaonal Exhibion Centre (BIEC)10th Mile, Tumkur Road, Madavara PostDasanapura Hobli, BangaloreContact:IMTMA (Indian Machine Tool ManufactuersAssociaon), 10th Mile, Tumkur Road, BangaloreTel: +91-80-66246600 Fax: +91-80-66246661Email: [email protected]: hp://www.eventseye.com

      27 - 29 Jan 2016ARRMA-2016 - Cnference n Advances in

    Refractr and Reacve Metas and AsMulpurpose Hall, TSH, Anushaknagar, Mumbai,Contact:

    J. K. ChakravaryChairman, Director, Materials Group, BARCDr. Sanjib Majumdar, Convener, ARRMA 2016Scienc Ocer, Materials Processing DivisionBhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085Tel: +91 – 22 – 2559 5313Fax: +91 – 22 – 2559 5151Email: [email protected],Web: hp://www.arrma2016.com

      29 - 31 Jan 2016Internana ehibin n fndr techng,eqipment and sppiesCodissia Trade Fair Complex,Avinashi Road, 641 014 Coimbatore, Tamil NaduContact:

    Koelnmesse YA Tradefair Pvt. Ltd.Oce 1102, 11th Floor DLH Park, S. V. Road400067 MumbaiTel: +91 (0)22 28715200 Fax: +91 (0)22 28715222Email: [email protected]

    Web: hp://www.tradefairdates.com

      29 Jan - 01 Feb 2016Eectricas & Eectrnics EpLabhganga Exhibion Center in IndoreContact:

    Future CommunicaonsLokmanya Nagar,Kesharbaug Road, Indore 452009(M.P.), Indore, IndiaWeb: hp://10mes.com

      29 Jan - 01 Feb 2016

    Indstria Engineering Ep- IEE 2016Labhganga Exhibion Center, Near Radisson Hotel,

    INDIA

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    Events

    Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015 26

    INTERNATIoNAlIndore, Madhya Pradesh, India.Contact:Future Communicaons,Lokmanya Nagar,Kesharbaug Road, Indore 452009(M.P.), Indore, IndiaWeb: hp://10mes.com

      29 Jan - 01 Feb 2016Pmps, Vaves & Sstems EpLabhganga Exhibion Center, IndoreContact:

    Future CommunicaonsLokmanya Nagar,Kesharbaug Road, Indore 452009(M.P.), IndoreWeb: hp://10mes.com

      19 - 21 Feb 2016 Internana trade fair fr engineering, machinerand machine ts

    Auto Cluster Exhibion Center, 411019 Pune,MaharashtraContact:

    K & D Communicaon Ltd.4th Floor, Chinubhai House, 7-B Amrutbaug Society380014 AhmedabadTel: +91 (0)79 26469725Fax: +91 (0)79 26403087Email: [email protected]: hp://www.tradefairdates.com

      24 - 26 Feb 2016

    Trade fair fr atmve test, evaan andqait engineeringChennai Trade Center, Poonamali High Road,600010 Chennai, Tamil NaduContact:

    UKIP Media & Events Ltd.Abinger House Church StreetRH41DF Dorking, Great Britain & Northern IrelandTel: +44 (0)1306 743744Fax: +44 (0)1306 742525Email: [email protected]: hp://www.tradefairdates.com

      07 - 08 Apr 2016ICDAMS2016 — Int Cnference n Design,Anasis, Manfactring and SimanSaveetha University, ChennaiContact:

    Dr. V. JaykumarDept of Mech Engg, Saveetha School of Engineering,Saveetha University, Chennai – 602 105, TamilnaduTel: 044-66726662;Email: [email protected]: hp://www.icdams2016.com

    25 - 26 Dec 2015Technarete-Int Cnf n Crrent Research inMechanica, Mechatrnics, Rbtics & Civi Engg

    Bangkok, ThailandContact:Technoarete, Tel: +91-9677007228Email: [email protected]: http://allconferencealert.net

    27 - 28 Dec 20152nd Int Cnf n Appied Mechanics (ICoAM 2015)Chengd, ChinaContact:Tel: 18062000004Email: [email protected]: http://www.conference-service.com

      10 - 13 Jan 2016Internana trade fair fr mdmaking andting, design and appican devepmentExpo Center, Al Taawun Street, Sharjah, Sharjah,UAEContact:

    Demat GmbH, Carl-von-Noorden-Platz 560041 Frankfurt, GermanyTel: +49 (0)69 2740030 Fax: +49 (0)69 27400340Email: [email protected]: hp://www.tradefairdates.com

      12 - 14 Jan 2016Trade fair fr die casngNürnbergMesse, Messezentrum 1, Nuremberg,Bavaria, GermanyContact:

    NürnbergMesse GmbH, Messezentrum, 90471Nuremberg, GermanyTel: +49 (0)911 86060 Fax: +49 (0)911 86068228Email: [email protected]: hp://www.tradefairdates.com

      16 - 17 Jan 2016IIERD-Int Cnference n Nanstrctres,Nanmaterias & Nanengineering( ICNNN-16)Parsian Evin Hotel, Tehran, Chamran Hwy, IranContact:

    IIERDEmail: [email protected]: hp://allconferencealert.net

      19 - 21 Jan 2016Trade fair fr atmve test, evaan andqait engineering

    COEX Convenon and Exhibion Center, Seoul-si

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    Events

    Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015    27

    Gangnam-gu Samseong-dong 159, 135-731 Seoul,Seoul, South KoreaContact:

    UKIP Media & Events Ltd., Abinger House ChurchStreet, RH41DF Dorking,Great Britain & Northern IrelandTel: +44 (0)1306 743744

    Fax: +44 (0)1306 742525Email: [email protected]: hp://www.tradefairdates.com

      26 - 29 Jan 2016Trade fair fr manfactring techng andengineeringMesse Hamburg, Messeplatz 1, 20357 Hamburg,Hamburg, GermanyContact:

    Hamburg Messe und Congress GmbHMesseplatz 1, 20357 Hamburg, Germany

    Tel: +49 (0)40 35690Fax: +49 (0)40 35692180Email: [email protected]: hp://www.tradefairdates.com

      27 - 29 Jan 2016Nan Tech Tk: Trade fair fr nantechngTokyo Big Sight, 3-21-1 Ariake Kotu-ku, Tokyo, JapanContact:

    ICS Convenon Design, Inc.Jinbocho Bldg., 3-24, Kanda-Nishikicho, Chiyoda-ku101-8449 Tokyo, Japan

    Tel: +81 (0)3 32193567Fax: +81 (0)3 32193628Email: [email protected]: hp://www.tradefairdates.com

      27 - 29 Jan 2016Internana trade fair fr semicndctrtechngCOEX Convenon and Exhibion Center,Seoul-si Gangnam-gu Samseong-dong 159,135-731 Seoul, Seoul, South KoreaContact:

    SEMI Global Headquarters, 3081 Zanker Road95134 San José, USATel: +1 (4)08 9436900Fax: +1 (4)08 4289600Email: [email protected]: hp://www.tradefairdates.com

      02 - 04 Feb 2016Internana Tradefair fr manfactring, metaand pasc prcessingCintermex, Ave. Fundidora 501 col. Obrera64010 Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico

    Contact:E. J. Krause & Associates, Inc., Mörsenbroicher

    Weg 191, 40470 Düsseldorf, GermanyTel: +49 (0)211 610730Fax: +49 (0)211 6107337Email: [email protected]: hp://www.tradefairdates.com

      09 - 11 Feb 2016

    Trade fair fr atman techngAnaheim Convenon Center, 800 West KatellaAvenue, CA 92802 Anaheim, California, USAContact:UBM Canon11444 W. Olympic BlvdCA 90064 Los Angeles, USATel: +1 (3)10 4454200Fax: +1 (3)10 4454299Email: [email protected]: hp://www.tradefairdates.com

      09 - 12 Feb 2016Metark and weding Sh 2016Siberia ExpocentreContact:

    J.S.C. Krasnoyarsk Fair, 19, Aviatorov Str Krasnoyarsk – 660049 (Russia)Tel: 7-391-2288602Fax: 7-391-2288513Web: hp://www.tradeindia.com

      11 - 14 Feb 2016Trade fair fr eding, jining and cng

    techngiesTüyap Fair Convenon & Congress CenterE-5 Karayolu Üzeri, Gürpinar Kavsagi34500 Istanbul, Istanbul, TurkeyContact:

    Hannover-Messe Internaonal Istanbul Ltd.Büyükdere Cad. Sarli Is Merkezi No:103 B Blok Kat:5-6, 34394 Istanbul, TurkeyTel: +90 (2)12 3346900Fax: +90 (2)12 3346934Email: [email protected]:hp://www.tradefairdates.com

      18 - 20 Feb 2016Ehibin fr the Meta and Stee IndstrCICC Cairo Internaonal Convenon CenterEl Nasr Rd., 11757 Cairo, Cairo, EgyptContact:

    Arabian German for Exhibions & Publishing Ltd.30 Mustafa Hamam st., Cairo, EgyptTel: +20 (0)2 22629682Fax: +20 (0)2 22619545Email: [email protected]: hp://www.tradefairdates.com ◘

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     Abstracts

    Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015    29

     Manufacturing technology abstracts 

     

    The tpics n varis aspects fmanfactring techng can be discssed

    in term f cncepts, state f the art, research,standards, impementatins, rnningeperiments, appicatins, and indstria casestdies.

    Athrs frm bth research and indstrcntribtins are invited t sbmit cmpetenpbished papers, hich are nt nder reviein an ther cnference r jrna.

    Cntact: The Editr,Manfactring Techng Tda (MTT)Emai: [email protected]

    CASTING & FouNDRy PRACTICE 30

    CoATING & FINISHING 30

    CAD/CAM/CAE 31

    FoRMING 32

    HyDRo FoRMING 33

    wARM FoRMING 34

    SHEET METAl woRKING 34

    INDuSTRIAl ENGINEERING 35

    JoINING & ASSEMBly   36

    MACHINING   37

    NoN TRADITIoNAl MACHINING   38

    DIAMoND TuRNING   39

    GRINDING   39

    lASER MACHINING   40

    lASER wElDING   40

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     Manufacturing technology abstracts 

    CASTING & FouNDRy PRACTICE

    110522 Crack predicn sing nninear niteeement anasis dring paern remva ininvestment casng prcess

    Li, H; Chandrashekhara, K;Komaragiri, S; Lekakh, SN;Richards, VL [J of MaterialsProcessing Technology,v 214, n 7, July 2014,Starng Page 1418, Pages9] A three-dimensional

    transient thermo-mechanical coupled nonlinearnite element model was developed to predict

    the possible crack formaon of ceramic shell duringrigid polymer paern removal in the investmentcasng process. A smeared crack model was usedto describe the response of the ceramic shell whencrack iniates. A foam degradaon model wasimplemented to account for the loss of mechanicalproperes of the foam during ring process. Theeects of ring method, paern type and complexgeometry were invesgated. The simulaon resultswere validated with experimental ndings. Thedeveloped model not only serves as a useful toolfor designing foam paerns but also can be used

    for opmizing ring process parameters ininvestment casng process. (18 refs, 19 gs,6 tables) (AA)

    110523 Devepment f a cnns cmpsitecasng prcess fr the prdcn f biaeraminim strips

    Nerl, Christoph;Wimmer, Marn;H o f f m a n n ,Hartmut; Kaschnitz,Erhard; Langbein,

    Falko; Volk, Wolfram[J of Materials Processing Technology, v 214, n 7, July 2014, Starng Page 1445, Pages 11] A thermalprocess window to form a stable metallurgicalcompound of AlSn6Cu and Al99.5 was obtained byinial experiments. A special mould system for ahorizontal connuous composite casng processwas developed, supported by nite elementsimulaons. Preliminary 2D models were used toidenfy the main process variables inuencing thetemperature in the region where the compoundis formed between the two layers. The thicknessrao of the layers and the inial temperature ofthe AlSn6Cu substrate strip were found to be the

    most important parameters.The special bilayermould system was manufactured and implementedinto an exisng connuous casng device upgradedby a second furnace to hold the addional purealuminium. A stable casng process was achieved.The quality of the manufactured compound wasassessed by metallographic specimens cut fromthe obtained bilayers. Based on temperaturemeasurements, a full 3D nite element model wasdeveloped to gain a more realisc descripon ofthe temperature and uid ow condions in thecomposite casng, especially in the margin regions.(17 refs, 20 gs, 4 tables) (AA)

    110524 Devepment f an 8090/3003 bimetasab sing a mdied direct-chi casng prcess

    Wang, Tongmin; Liang,Chunhui; Chen, Zongning;Zheng, Yuanping; Kang,Huijun; Wang, Wei [J ofMaterials ProcessingTechnology, v 214, n 9, Sep2014, Starng Page 1806,Pages 6] A modied

    direct-chill (DC) casng method was used toprepare an 8090/3003 bimetal slab of aluminumalloys with consistent mechanical properes. The

    interface of the as-cast bimetal material was freeof detrimental intermetallic compounds, whichindicated excellent metallurgical bonding. Adiusion layer with an average thickness ofapproximately 80 μm was obtained due to theinterdiusion of Li, Mg, Cu and Mn at the bimetalinterface. The average ulmate tensile strength ofthe as-cast bimetal slab was 101 MPa, and allfractures occurred on the side of the soer 3003alloy. T6 treatment was performed on thebimetal slab to invesgate the response of the slabto heat treatment. The Vickers hardness of the

    8090 side increased by 30% aer T6 treatment,reaching 153 HV. The Vickers hardness of theinterface layer also increased from 70 HV to 89 HV.The soluon strengthening was considered tomake the primary contribuons on the hardnessimprovement of the bimetal slab at the interfaceaer T6 treatment. (15 refs, 10 gs, 3 tables) (AA)

    CoATING & FINISHING

    110525 Easc impact f abrasives fr cntredersin in ne nishing f srfacesSooraj, VS; Radhakrishnan, V [J of Manufacturing

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    Sci & Engg: ASME Trans, v 135, n 5, Oct 2013,

    Starng Page 051019, Pages 12] Finishing ofsurfaces using free abrasive impingement is one ofthe construcve applicaons of erosive wear, wellsuited for complex shaped engineering componentswith dicult-to-access surfaces. Low velocityimpact of abrasives in a uidized bed is reported asa promising choice to impart ne nish on thetarget surface. An improved methodology tocontrol the erosion and to achieve ultra ne nishthrough elasc impact of abrasives, using a carriertype-uidized abrasive nishing, is discussed in thispaper. Using the basic concepts of impact theory

    and contact mechanics, a revised mathemacalmodel to express the depth of erosion as a funconof material properes of target and erodent isproposed. Modicaon in erodent abrasive tointroduce an elasc nature to the impact isdescribed in detail using the theorecal model.This is substanated through a parcle-droppingexperimental study. The eect of mulpleimpacts in a praccal situaon is also discussedthrough a detailed experimental study, clearlydemonstrang the concepts of elasc impacterosion for surface nishing. (41 refs, 17 gs,

    1 table) (AA)

    110526 Cmparisn f nishing characteriscsf t paramagnec materias sing dbe discmagnec abrasive nishing

    Kala, Prateek; Pandey,Pulak M [J ofM a n u f a c t u r i n gProcesses, v 17, Jan2015, Starng Page

    63, Pages 15] Present paper demonstrates theapplicaon of double disc magnec abrasive

    nishing (DDMAF) process, on planarparamagnec workpieces (copper alloy andstainless steel) of dierent mechanicalproperes like ow stress, hardness, shearmodulus, etc. The copper alloy and stainless steelwork pieces have been nished using DDMAFprocess. The experiments were performed basedon a response surface methodology. The resultsobtained aer nishing have been analyzed todetermine the eect of dierent processparameters like working gap, rotaonal speed,percentage weight of abrasive, abrasive mesh sizeand feed rate for individual work material and tostudy various interacon eects that may

    signicantly aect the nishing performance of theprocess. The outcomes of the analysis so obtainedfor the two dierent work materials have beencrically compared to understand the eect of theconsidered process parameters based onmechanical properes. The scanning electronmicroscopy was also conducted on the work piece

    surface to understand the possible mechanism ofmaterial removal and the surface morphologyproduced. (25 refs, 19 gs, 9 tables) (AA)

    CAD/CAM/CAE

    110527 Atmaca transfrming bject-riented graph-based representans intbean sasabiit prbems fr cmptanadesign snthesis

    Münzer, Clemens; Helms,Bergen; Shea, Krisna [J ofMechanical Design, v 135, n10, Oct 2013, Starng Page101001, Pages 13] Thispaper presents an approachthat combines a graph-based object-orientedknowledge representaon

    with rst-order logic and Boolean sasability.This combinaon is used as the foundaon for ageneric automated approach for requirement-driven computaonal design synthesis. Availabledesign building blocks and a design task dened

    through a set of requirements are modeled in agraph-based environment and then automacallytransferred into a Boolean sasability problemand solved, considering a given soluon size. TheBoolean soluon is automacally transferred backto the graph-based domain. The method isvalidated through two case studies: synthesis ofautomove powertrains and chemical processsynthesis for ethyl alcohol producon. Thecontribuon of the paper is a new method that isable to determine if an engineering task is solvablefor a given set of synthesis building blocks and

    enables systemac soluon space exploraon. (55refs, 17 gs, 3 tables) (GM)

    110528 Cmpter-aided measrement sstemanasis f aribte data: A case f inermanfactringChowdhury, B; Deb, SK; Das, PC [Int J of PrecisionTechnology, v 4, n 1-2, 2014, Starng Page 69,Pages 12] Measurement system analysis (MSA) isan indispensable part of manufacturing processes.However, performing MSA manually for aributedata involves humongous eort. This paper

    makes an aempt to perform the computer-

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    aided measurement system analysis (CMSA) ofaribute data using the stascal tool - analysis ofvariance (ANOVA). The case of refrigerator linersmanufactured has been taken for the purpose ofthe invesgaon. Currently, the plant doesnot perform any MSA, which makes it dicultto know any cause of variaon owing to the

    measuring system adopted. The gage repeatabilityand reproducibility (gage R & R) analysis usingANOVA is performed to understand and ndwhether variaons in the measuring system arewithin the acceptable limits and do not deviatesignicantly. The analysis would help to infer thatthe measurement system is procient enoughto measure the producon data. (17 refs, 4 gs,3 tables) (AA)

    FoRMING

    110529 Etrsin prcess mdeing fr aqes-based ceramic pastes—Part 1: Cnstve mde

    Li, Mingyang; Tang, Lie;Landers, Robert G; Leu, MingC [J of Manufacturing Sci &Engg:ASME Trans,v 135, n 5, Oct 2013, Starng

    Page 051008, Pages 7] Theextrusion process foraqueous-based ceramicpastes is complex due to thenon-Newtonian behavior of

    these pastes. In this study, the extrusion process ismodeled by characterizing the ceramic pasteviscosity using a modied Herschel–Bulkley model.The steady-state relaonship between plungervelocity and extrusion force is built basedon this viscosity model and the Navier–Stokesequaons. The inuence of air, which may betrapped in the paste during the paste preparaonand loading processes, is also examined as itsignicantly aects the dynamic response of theextrusion force. Combining these eects with thesteady-state extrusion model, a constuve

    law for the extrusion process of aqueous-basedceramic pastes is created. Because of thecompressibility introduced by the trapped air, thedynamic response of the extrusion force isdescribed by a rst-order nonlinear equaonwhen plunger velocity is taken as an input. It isshown that the extrusion response me dependson the amount of air in the extruder and themagnitude of the extrusion force. Air bubblerelease, a phenomenon that causes the extrusionforce to suddenly drop due to the change of pastevolume in the nozzle, is analyzed based on the

    developed constuve model. (15 refs, 3 gs) (AA)

    110530 Devepment and appicans ffrming-cndin-based frmabiit diagram frspit cncerns in stamping

    Zhang, Jianwei; Xu, Yanwu;Hu, Ping; Zhao, Kunmin [J ofManufacturing Processes, v17, Jan 2015, Starng Page

    151, Pages 11] This paperintroduces an advanced,forming-condition-basedformability diagram for

    accurately assessing the formability of complexstampings. The forming-condion-basedformability diagram consists of a formability indexthat raonally dene two curves (marginal line andsafe line) and two zones (marginal zone and safezone). The formability index measures deformaonseverity, tracks deformaon history and predictsdeformaon trend. The safety factor, dened as

    the width of the marginal zone by means of theformability index, takes into account the formingcondions including deformaon zone size,forming mode, bending process model,deformaon history, metal ow paern and post-necking deformaon capacity of sheet metal. It isdemonstrated that, rather than the tradionalformability limit diagram, this formability diagramcan more accurately quanfy the formability statusand can be used to determine the metal owadjustment ranges for solving split problems. Itsapplicaon to an automove body side outer panel

    shows that it is a robust tool for formabilityengineering and troubleshoong through usingnumerical simulaons and/or circle grid analysis.(23 refs, 10 gs, 2 tables) (AA)

    110531 Etrsin prcess mdeing fr aqes-based ceramic pastes—Part 2: Eperimentaverican

    Li, Mingyang; Tang, Lie;Landers, Robert G; Leu,Ming C [J of ManufacturingSci & Engg:ASME Trans,

    v 135, n 5, Oct 2013, StarngPage 051009, Pages 7] Inthe Part 1 paper, aconstuve law for the

    extrusion process of aqueous-based ceramic pasteswas created. In the study described herein, acapillary rheometer was used to calibrate theviscosity of an alumina paste, and a single extrudersystem was used to conduct extrusion experimentsto validate the constuve model. It is shownthat the extrusion response me and its changeboth depend on the amount of air in the extruder

    and the magnitude of the extrusion force. Whenthe extrusion force is small, the rapid change of

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    Manufacturing Technology Today, December 2015    33

    extrusion response me gives the extrusiondynamic an apparent quadrac response. Whenthe extrusion force is large, the extrusion responseme changes slowly, and is dominated by a rst-order response. Air bubble release was observed insome of the experiments. A series of simulaonand experimental studies were conducted to

    validate the predicve capabilies of theconstuve model for both steady-state andtransient extrusion force behaviors. Goodagreements between the simulaon andexperimental results were obtained. Theexperimental results demonstrate that theconstuve model is capable of capturing thecharacteriscs of the highly nonlinear response atlow extrusion forces and the air bubble releasephenomenon. The numerical studies show thatthe decrease in the extrusion force during an airbubble release depends on the volume of the air

    bubble. (5 refs, 15 gs) (AA)

    110532 Cing hee featres and amrphsribbn frman dring panar met spinningprcess

    Sowjanya, M; KishenKumar Reddy, T [J ofMaterials ProcessingTechnology, v 214, n 9,Sep 2014, Starng Page1861, Pages 10] Anumerical model

    incorporang actual producon condions ofplanar ow melt spinning process is presented.Knowledge of the process condions at which anamorphous ribbon with uniform thickness can beobtained is important to reduce the manufacturingcosts. Cooling wheel condions play a signicantrole during rapid solidicaon of the melt. Hence aheat transfer analysis is performed to invesgatethe inuence of cooling wheel temperature onribbon formaon. Nusselt’s correlaon is used forthe rst me for selecng a convecve heattransfer coecient between rotang wheel and

    surrounding air. This approach assists in predicngthe condions at which a connuous/broken/noribbon formaon is obtained during the process.The model could predict whether the ribbon to beobtained is amorphous or non-amorphous beforethe experiment is actually performed at a set ofprocess condions. Various internal and externalcondions of the cooling wheel are tested,and they show lile inuence on the ribbonthickness up to 0.5 s (10 rotaons). Broken andnonamorphous ribbons are obtained for poorcooling condions of the wheel with increase in

    me of cast from 0.5 s to 1 s (20 rotaons).

    Amorphous ribbon with uniform thickness can beobtained for a wheel of 20 mm wall thickness,when the inner and outer surfaces of thecooling wheel are maintained at a temperature ofat least 300 K. (21 refs, 8 gs, 3 tables) (AA)

    110533 Eect f ht red grain size n the

    precipitan kinecs f nitrides in carbn A-kied stee

    Mucsi, András [J ofMaterials ProcessingTechnology, v 214, n 8, Aug 2014, Starng Page1536, Pages 10] Theprecipitaon of nitridesplays a general role in

    the industrial processing of deep drawing qualityAl-killed low carbon steels. In this paper, the eectof hot rolled grain size on the precipitaon of

    nitrides has been analysed. To evaluate the eectof grain size on the nitride precipitaon kinecs,thermoelectric power based invesgaons havebeen performed on hot and cold rolled specimens.In the hot rolled state, the precipitaon of nitridesoccurs more intensively in the ne grain sizemicrostructure (average grain size = 9 μm) than inthe large grain size microstructure (average grainsize = 23 μm) unl the precipitated fracon ofnitrides reaches about 70%. In the cold rolled statethe eect of grain size is much less signicant;probably the precipitaon process occurs

    simultaneously at the grain boundaries and alongdislocaons. According to the simulaon results,signicant dierences can be found between theprecipitated fracon of nitrides in ne and largegrain size sheets coiled in the temperature range550–650 °C. In this interval, the precipitatednitride fracon is about two mes larger in ane grain microstructure (9 μm) than in sheetswith 23 μm average grain size. The local posion inthe coil also aects signicantly the precipitatedfracon of nitrides. In the outer ring of the coil, lessthan 20% precipitated fracon is predicted in

    coiling temperature range 550–700 °C. However, inthe middle ring of a hot rolled coil, the precipitatedfracon changes from 5% to 85% with increasingcoiling temperature from 550 to 700 °C. (34 refs,11 gs, 3 tables) (AA)

    HyDRo FoRMING

    110534 Defrman anasis f dbe-sidedtbe hdrfrming in sqare-secn dieCui, Xiao-Lei; Wang, Xiao-Song; Yuan, Shi-Jian [J ofMaterials Processing Technology, v 214, n 7, July

    2014, Starng Page 1341, Pages 11] In this paper,

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    in order to explore the deformaon behavior ofdouble-sided tube hydroforming in square-secondie, eect of external pressure on the cricaleecve strain was theorecally analyzed rstly.And then a special experimental setupwas designed for double-sided tube hydroformingin which the diculty of simultaneous loading wasovercome using two independent intensiers andservo controlling while the sealing of externalpressure was guaranteed by the O rings assembled

    in the interfaces of mandrel/base plate and outercylinder/base plate. Furthermore, 5A02-Oaluminum alloy tubes with outer diameter of 63mm and thickness of 2 mm were invesgatedunder dierent external pressures varying from0 to 80 MPa. At the same me, numerical simulaonwas conducted using the Abaqus/Explicit soware.It is shown that increasing of external pressure hasan eect on the fracon of grain boundaries, thenumber and size of the microvoids and themicrohardness in the transion zone, and thusincreases the crical eecve strain in the transionzone. It can be concluded that the deformaonability of the transion zone is improved by theexternal pressure in double-sided tubehydroforming of square-secon. This invesgaonshows that double-sided tube hydroforming is apotenal forming method for the fabricaon oflightweight hollow structures using the tubes withlow duclity. (23 refs, 15 gs, 2 tables) (AA)

    wARM FoRMING

    110535 Devepment f eperimenta and

    thereca frming imit diagrams fr armfrming f astenic stainess stee 316Hussaini, Syed Mujahed;Krishna, Geetha; Gupta,Amit Kumar; Singh,Swadesh Kumar [J ofManufacturing Processes,v 18, Apr 2015, StarngPage 151, Pages 8] Insheet metal forming, theformability is limited by

    the onset of localized necking and it is important to

    know the limit up to which the material can be

    formed. Forming limit diagram (FLD) oers aconvenient and useful tool to predict the formingbehavior of the sheet metals, which can beenhanced by forming at elevated temperatures.This paper is focused on the development of FLDfor austenic stainless steel (ASS) 316 at 300 °C,which has been experimentally determined to be

    the most suitable temperature for warm formingof ASS 316. Experimental FLD has been constructedby performing hemispherical dome punch tests ondierent width specimens. Theorecal FLDs havebeen developed using Marciniak–Kuczynskianalysis based on Hill’s and Barlat’s yield criteriaand compared with the experimental FLD.Theorecal FLD based on Barlat’s yield criterion isfound to be in a close agreement with theexperimental FLD. These FLDs can be used fordesigning various warm forming processes on ASS316. (26 refs, 14 gs, 3 tables) (AA)

    SHEET METAl woRKING

    110536 Cmptana mdeing f stacrecrstaizan and t dimensinamicrstrctre evn dring ht strip ringf advanced high strength stee

    Hore, S; Das, SK; Banerjee, S; Mukherjee, S [J ofManufacturing Processes, v 17, Jan 2015, StarngPage 78, Pages 10] A coupled Monte Carlosimulaon technique has been developed for hotrolling of advanced high strength steel (AHSS) tosimulate the microstructure evoluon during stacrecrystallizaon. The physically based dislocaonevoluon model has been formulated to study thedeformaon behaviour of austenite during hot

    rolling. The model envisages both hardening andsoening regimes during deformaon.The evoluon of dislocaon density as a funconof strain has been predicted and the deformaonstored energy has been calculated. The computedvalue of the stored energy of the system hasbeen passed to the Monte Carlo model toconstruct the total energy Hamiltonian of thelace system. Both the models have beenseamlessly coupled to simulate the kinecs ofrecrystallizaon, recrystallized grain size andevoluon of microstructure at dierent strains

    during forming. A connuum microstructure is

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    mapped onto a two dimensional square lace andhigh delity simulaon has been carried out tocharacterize recrystallizaon behaviour. TheAvrami exponent obtained from the kinecs ofrecrystallizaon predicted by coupled Monte Carlomodel has been validated with the publishedliterature. The recrystallized grain size and

    evoluon of microstructure predicted by thecoupled Monte Carlo model has been veried withthe published data for a typical AHSS and found tobe in very good agreement. (54 refs, 15 gs, 2tables) (AA)

    110537 Eect f gemetric parameters n strain,strain inhmgeneit and peak pressre in eqachanne angar pressing – A std based n 3Dnite eement anasis

    Pal Basavaraj, V;Uday Chakkingal,

    Prasanna Kumar, TS[J of ManufacturingProcesses, v 17, Jan 2015, StarngPage 88, Pages 10]In the present work

    3D FEA of ECAP process was carried out for dierentcombinaons of channel angle, inner and outercorner radii. Results in terms of peak pressure,strain and strain inhomogeneity were obtainedand analyzed by analysis of mean (ANOM). Maineects and interacon eect of all geometric

    parameters were quaned byanalysis of variance (ANOVA). From the analysis itwas found that the peak pressure is largelyinuenced by channel angle. To obtain desiredstrain the most important factors are channelangle and outer corner radius. Outer corner radiushas the largest inuence followed by channel angleon the strain inhomogeneity. There exists anopmum outer corner for which straininhomogeneity is minimum, which depends onthe channel angle. Inner corner alone has noinuence on the strain inhomogeneity but its

    interacon with channel angle has some inuence.(18 refs, 16 gs, 4 tables) (GM)

    INDuSTRIAl ENGINEERING

    110538 Cnns revie inventr mde ithcntrabe ead me, st saes rate and rderprcessing cst hen the received qant isncertainPriyan, S; Uthayakumar, R [J of ManufacturingSystems, v 34, Jan 2015, Starng Page 23,Pages 11] In pracce the quanty received may

    not match the quanty ordered due to worker’s

    strike, rejecon during inspecon, damage duringtransportaon, human errors in counng, etc.Accordingly, the managers oen must makedecisions under uncertain quanty receivedcircumstances. In this study, we invesgate theconnuous review inventory model with shortagesinclude the case where the quanty received is

    uncertain, in which the lead me, lost sales rateand order processing cost are decision variables.Here, we consider the lead me crashing cost is anexponenal funcon of lead me, and the orderprocessing cost and lost sales rate are logarithmicfuncons of capital investment. The objecve ofthis study is to minimize the total relevant cost bysimultaneously opmizing the order quanty, lostsales rate and order processing cost. In addion,an ecient algorithm is developed to determinethe opmal policy, and our approach is illustratedthrough a numerical example. From the results

    of numerical example, it can be shown that, thesignicant savings can be achieved through thereducons of order processing cost and lost salesrate. (29 refs, 4 gs, 5 tables) (AA)

    110539 Cng pane methds fr anacatarget cascading ith agmented lagrangiancrdinanWang, Wenshan; Blouin, Vincent Y; Gardenghi,Melissa K; Fadel, Georges M; Wiecek, MargaretM; Sloop, Benjamin C [J of Mechanical Design, v135, n 10, Oct 2013, Starng Page 104502, Pages

    6] Analycal target cascading (ATC), a hierarchical,mullevel, muldisciplinary coordinaon method,has proven to be an eecve decomposionapproach for large-scale engineering opmizaonproblems. In recent years, augmented Lagrangianrelaxaon methods have received renewedinterest as dual update methods for solving ATCdecomposed problems. These problems canbe solved using the subgradient opmizaonalgorithm, the applicaon of which includesthree schemes for updang dual variables. Toaddress the convergence eciency disadvantages

    of the exisng dual update schemes, this paperinvesgates two new schemes, the linear andthe proximal cung plane methods, which areimplemented in conjuncon with augmentedLagrangian coordinaon for ATC-decomposedproblems. Three nonconvex nonlinear exampleproblems are used to show that these two cungplane methods can signicantly reduce the numberof iteraons and the number of funcon evaluaonswhen compared to the tradional subgradientupdate methods. In addion, these methods arealso compared to the method of mulpliers and

    its variants, showing similar performance. (25 refs,5 gs, 4 tables) (AA)

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    JoINING & ASSEMBly

    110540 Eect f er ires and direct ageing nthe micrstrctre and mechanica prperes inthe m-pass eding f Incne 718

    Ramkumar, K Devendranath;Jagat Sai, R; Santhosh Reddy,V; Gundla, Sridhar; HarshaMohan, T; Saxena, Vimal;Arivazhagan, N [J ofManufacturing Processes,v 18, Apr 2015, StarngPage 23, Pages 23] Thispaper invesgates theweldability, microstructureand mechanical properesof 5 mm thick Inconel 718plates obtained by pulsed

    current gas tungsten arc welding (PCGTAW) usingERNiCu-7, ERNiCrCoMo-1 and ERNiCr-3 llers. Postweld heat treatment (PWHT) was also carried outat 720 °C/8 h/furnace cooling followed by 620 °C/8h/air cooling on the weldments. A comparaveevaluaon based on the microstructure featuresand mechanical properes of both the as-weldedand aged samples were studied. Further this studyaddressed the combined eect of ller wires andpost weld heat treatment on the metallurgical andmechanical properes of the weldments. Thestudies showed the improvement in tensile

    strength and drop in impact toughness for all theweldments aer direct ageing heat treatment.(12 refs, 20 gs, 5 tables) (AA)

    110541 Eects f bpass crrent n the stabiitf ed p dring dbe sided arc eding

    Miao, Yugang; Xu,Xiangfang; Wu,Bintao; Li, Xiaoxu;Han, Duanfeng [J ofM a t e r i a l sP r o c e s s i n g

    Technology, v 214,n 8, Aug 2014,Starng Page 1590,

    Pages 7] The arc behaviour and ow paerns inthe weld pool were monitored with a highspeed camera and the pressure distribuon of theMIG–TIG coupling arc was measured through aspecially devised method involving a micro-oricefor quick ignion. The bypass current changedthe geometry of the weld pool in such a way thatthe acng forces remained in equilibriumstabilising the pool, the weld depression was

    eliminated and the pressure at the arc centre

    decreased by a factor 4. The overall weldingeciency increased as much as the quality of thewelds. (14 refs, 11 gs, 2 tables) (AA)

    110542 Eect f acvang es n ed beadmrphg f P91 stee bead-n-pate eds b assisted tngsten inert gas eding prcess

    Dhandha, Kamal H;Badheka, Vishvesh J [J ofM a n u f a c t u r i n gProcesses, v 17, Jan2015, Starng Page 48,Pages 10] The purposeof the present work wasto invesgate the eect

    of oxide uxes on weld morphology, arc voltageobtained with A-TIG welding, which applied to thewelding of 6 mm thick modied 9Cr–1Mo steelplates. The experimental results indicated that

    the increase in the penetraon is signicant withthe use of Fe2O3, ZnO, MnO2 and CrO3. Fullpenetraon weld secured with the use of theseuxes. (40 refs, 8 gs, 7 tables) (GM)

    110543 Cmparisn f ed characteriscsbeteen ngitdina seam and circmferenab ed jints f cindrica cmpnents

    Velaga, Sash K;Rajput, Gaurav;Murugan, S;Ravisankar, A;

    Venugopal, S [J ofManufacturingProcesses, v 18, Apr 2015,

    Starng Page 1, Pages 11] The control of weldinduced residual stresses and distorons are veryimportant in longitudinal seam (L-Seam) andcircumferenal (C-Seam) bu joints of cylindricalcomponents. In this study, a three-dimensional,sequenally coupled thermo-metallurgical-mechanical analysis was performed for L-Seam andC-Seam bu weld joints of AISI 304 cylindrical

    components to evaluate weld characteriscsduring gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) process.Inially, weld experiments were carried out toobtain the heat input and the macrographs whichwere further validated with the predicted weldmolten pool sizes during heat source ng (HSF)analysis. The Goldak’s double ellipsoid heat sourcefuncon obtained in HSF analysis was employed inthe thermal and mechanical analysis. The resultsreveal that there are signicant dierences inresidual stress distribuons between L-Seam andC-Seam bu joints. Full scale shop oor welding

    experiments were performed to verify the

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    eecveness of the proposed numerical modelsand these are in good agreement with theexperimental measurements. (28 refs, 17 gs,3 tables) (AA)

    110544 Dnamic respnse f baer tabs ndertrasnic eding

    Kang, Bongsu; Cai, Wayne;Tan, Chin-An [J ofManufacturing Sci & Engg: ASME Trans, v 135, n 5, Oct2013, Starng Page 051013,Pages 11] Ultrasonic metalwelding (USMW) for baerytabs must be performedwith 100% reliability in

    baery pack manufacturing as the failure of asingle weld essenally results in a baery that isinoperave or cannot deliver the required power

    due to the electrical short caused by the failedweld. In ultrasonic metal welding processes, high-frequency ultrasonic energy is used to generate anoscillang shear force (sonotrode force) at theinterface between a sonotrode and few metalsheets to produce solid-state bonds between thesheets clamped under a normal force. These forces,which inuence the power needed to produce theweld and the weld quality, strongly depend on themechanical and structural properes of the weldparts and xtures in addion to various weldingprocess parameters, such as weld frequencies and

    amplitudes. In this work, the eect of structuralvibraon of the baery tab on the requiredsonotrode force during ultrasonic welding isstudied by applying a longitudinal vibraon modelfor the baery tab. It is found that the sonotrodeforce is greatly inuenced by the kinecproperes, quaned by the equivalent mass,equivalent sness, and equivalent viscousdamping, of the baery tab and cell pouchinterface. This study provides a fundamentalunderstanding of baery tab dynamics duringultrasonic welding and its eect on weld quality,

    and thus provides a guideline for design andwelding of baery tabs from tab dynamics point ofview. (18 refs, 15 gs, 3 tables) (AA)

    110545 Cring-indced distrn mechanism inadhesive bnding f Aminm AA6061-T6 andStees

    Zhu, XiaoBo; Li, YongBing;Chen, GuanLong; Wang, Pei-Chung [J of ManufacturingSci & Engg:ASME Trans,v 135, n 5, Oct 2013, Starng

    Page 051007, Pages 11] Thebonding of dissimilar

    materials is of primary importance to theautomove industry as it enables designers thefreedom to choose from a wide variety oflowdensity materials such as aluminum andmagnesium. However, when two dissimilarmaterials (e.g., aluminum-to-steel) are bonded bycuring at elevated temperatures, residual stresses

    result upon cooling the layered material system toroom temperature. Problems such as distoronand fracture of adhesive oen emerge in bondingof these dissimilar materials for automoveapplicaons. In this study, the transient distoronof riveted and rivet-bonded aluminum AA6061-T6-to-steels during the curing process wasinvesgated using the photographic method. Theinuences of temperature, adhesive properes,adherend thickness, adherend strength, and thepresence of constraints on the transient distoronand adhesive fracture were evaluated. The peak

    curing temperature was found to play the mostimportant role in distoron and adhesive fracture,followed by the inuence of adherends thickness.In contrast, the other parameters studied such asthe adhesive strength, constraints’ type, andadherend strength produced a limited eect ondistoron. The results provide useful informaonabout vehicle body structure’s design in reducingthe curing induced distoron. (21 refs, 16 gs,6 tables)(AA)

    MACHINING

    110546 Characterizan f id m prdced ban atmizan-based cng id spra sstemdring machining

    Hoyne, Alexander C;Chandra Nath; Kapoor,Shiv G [J of ManufacturingSci & Engg:ASME Trans,v 135, n 5, Oct 2013,Starng Page 051006,Pages 8] The atomizaon-based cung uid (ACF)

    spray system has recentlybeen proposed as a cooling and lubricaonsoluon for machining hard to machine materials(e.g., tanium alloys). On the tool rake face, theACF spray system forms a thin lm from cunguid that penetrates into the tool–chip interfaceto improve tool life. The objecve of this work isto characterize this thin uid lm in terms ofthickness and velocity for a set of ACF sprayparameters. ACF spray experiments are performedby varying impingement angle to observe thenature of the spreading lm and to determine the

    lm thickness at dierent locaons aer

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    impingement of the droplets. It is observed thatthe lm spreads radially outward producing threeuid lm development zones (i.e., impingement,steady, and unsteady). The steady zone is found tobe between 3 and 7 mm from the focus(impingement point) of the ACF spray for the set ofparameters invesgated. An analycal 3D thin uid

    lm model for the ACF spray system has also beendeveloped based on the Navier–Stokes equaonsfor mass and momentum. The model requires aunique treatment of the cross-lm velocity prole,droplet impingement, and pressure distribuons,as well as a strong gas–liquid shear interacon. Thethickness proles predicted by the analycal lmmodel have been validated. Moreover, the modelpredicons of lm velocity and chip owcharacteriscs during a tanium turningexperiment reveal that the uid lm can easilypenetrate into the enre tool–chip interface with

    the use of the ACF spray system. (19 refs, 11 gs,3 tables) (AA)

    110547 Ersin mdeing in abrasive srr jetmicr-machining f brie materias

    Haj MohammadJafar, R; Nouraei,H; Emamifar, M;Papini, M; Spelt,JK [J ofManufactur ing

    Processes, v 17, Jan 2015, Starng Page 127,

    Pages 14] Abrasive slurry jet micro-machining(ASJM) uses a relavely low pressure jet of abrasiveslurry to machine features such as holes andchannels. This study invesgated the eect ofalumina parcle kinec energy and jet impactangle on the roughness and erosion rate ofchannels machined in borosilicate glass usingASJM. A computaonal uid dynamics model wasused to calculate the local parcle impact velociesand angles, and thus the kinec energies ofparcles striking the surface. Consistent withearlier work on air-driven abrasive jets, the

    roughness and erosion rate of the channelsmachined at perpendicular incidence dependedonly on the kinec energy of parcles above theapparent cracking threshold of the glass target.Slurry jets of higher kinec energy producedrougher channels and higher erosion rates sincethe impacng parcles caused larger lateral cracksto form, and thus removed larger chips. Themeasured erosion rate at various impact angles,and the observed damage due to individualalumina parcle impacts, indicated that thedominant mode of material removal was brile

    erosion. Two similar analycal brile-erosionmodels derived for air-driven abrasive jet

    micromachining (AJM), were found to predictreasonably well the roughness and the erosion rateof ASJM channels, despite the large dierences inthe uid media, ow paerns, and parcletrajectories in AJM and ASJM. A key requirementwas that the average parcle kinec energy wascalculated using the CFD model. With only minor

    modicaons, the models predicted the channelerosion rate and centreline roughness with averageerrors of 12% and 17%, respecvely. In addion, anumerical simulaon, previously developed topredict the erosion in AJM of brile materials, wasused to predict the centreline average roughness,shape parameters and depth of ASJM channels forvarious machining condions. (41 refs, 14 gs,5 tables) (AA)

    NoN TRADITIoNAl MACHINING

    110548 CFD aided design and eperimentavaidan f an innvave air assisted pre ater

     jet cng sstemAnnoni, M; Arleo, F;Malmassari, C [J ofMaterials ProcessingTechnology, v 214, n8, Aug 2014, StarngPage 1647, Pages 11]The aim of theresearch presented inthis paper is to

    develop an innovavesystem able to modify

    the orice ow eld by means of a simplemodicaon of the standard cung headgeometry; the system allows the controlledinjecon of air inside the primary orice to preventthe jet instabilies and to adapt the level of jetcoherence to the specic machining operaon.The uid dynamics aspects of the oulow processare invesgated by means of a 3D numericalsimulaon with the Ansys Fluent CFD solver, whileconsiderable experimental eorts are provided in

    order to validate the numerical model and nallyevaluate the system performances on real casestudies. (27 refs, 20 gs, 2 tables) (GM)

    110549 Fabrican f micr spherica eectrdeb ne pse EDM and their appican ineectrchemica micrmachiningLiu, Yong; Cai, Huitao; Li, Hansong [J ofManufacturing Processes, v 17, Jan 2015, StarngPage 162, Pages 9] This paper describes a newmethod combining electrochemical etching withone pulse electrical discharge machining

    technology (OPED) to fabricate micro spherical

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    electrode, which is thenused in electrochemicalmicromachining (EMM)process. First, microcylindrical electrode ofseveral micrometers isfabricated by

    electrochemical etchingon a self-built

    experimental system. And then, the microelectrode with spherical end is formed by OPEDinstantaneously. During the OPED process, theeects of some predominant parameters, such asthe electrode polarity, the peak current, thedischarge duraon and the gap voltage on microspherical electrode diameter are studied. At last,some micro holes with no taper and threemicro hemispherical cavies were fabricated byusing the above micro spherical electrodes in EMM

    process. (26 refs, 16 gs, 1 table) (AA)

    DIAMoND TuRNING

    110550 Graphene ide cida sspensinsmigate carbn disin dring diamnd trningf stee

    Smith, Philip J; Chu,Bryan; Singh, Eklavya;Chow, Philippe;Samuel, Johnson;Koratkar, Nikhil [J of

    M a n u f a c t u r i n gProcesses, v 17, Jan2015, Starng Page 41,Pages 7] Diamond-based cung tools are

    preferred by the manufacturing community tomachine high-value, hard-to-cut materials,especially for applicaons with stringent surfaceroughness requirements. However, these tools arenot an economically viable opon to machine anyof the transion metals or their alloys. This is dueto the extreme rates of tool wear caused by

    chemical diusion of carbon from the diamondtool into the transion metal/alloy workpiece. Inthis paper we report the use of carbon-rich,graphene oxide colloidal suspensions, as a cunguid, to address this crical diamond tool wearissue. Our machining tests conducted on a low-carbon steel alloy reveal that the use of grapheneoxide colloidal suspension results in a ∼74%reducon in the tool wear over that seen under thedry machining condion. It also results in a ∼50%reducon in the cung temperatures and a ∼20 to30% reducon in the cung forces, when

    compared against the dry machining condion.

    The trends seen in the cung temperatures,cung forces and the X-ray photoelectronspectroscopy (XPS) data collecvely point to thepossibility of the graphene oxide platelets servingas a barrier to the carbon diusion reacon. Thesendings have the potenal to make diamond acost-eecve tool material for machining transion

    metal-based materials such as ferrous and taniumalloys that have wide-spread engineeringapplicaons. (18 refs, 8 gs, 2 tables)(AA)

    GRINDING

    110551 Dnamic mde f scian-assistedcindrica pnge grinding ith chaer

    Pawłowski, Witold [Jof Manufacturing Sci& Engg:ASME Trans,v 135, n 5, Oct 2013,

    Starng Page051010, Pages 6] Inthis paper, themathemacal model

    of the oscillaon-assisted cylindrical plungegrinding process has been presented. In this model,the dynamical properes of the grinder, self-excited vibraon (regenerave chaer), andnonlinear behavior of the grinding force have beentaken into consideraon. This mathemacal modelhas been applied to analyze both formaon anddevelopment of chaer on the workpiece and the

    grinding wheel surface during oscillaon-assistedcylindrical plunge grinding. The frequency responsefuncon (FRF), describing dynamical properes ofthe grinder, has been determined by means ofmodal experiment. The model has beenimplemented in matlab-simulink environment inorder to perform simulaons. The results of thesimulaons conrmed the anregeneraveproperes of the oscillaons of the workpiecerotaonal movement during cylindrical plungegrinding. (24 refs, 5 gs) (AA)

    110552 Mathemaca mdeing fr scre rtrfrm grinding n verca m-ais cmpterizednmerica cntr frm grinder

    Wu, Yu-Ren; Fan, Chung-Wen [J of ManufacturingSci & Engg:ASME Trans,v 135, n 5, Oct 2013,Starng Page 051020,Pages 13] The pair ofscrew rotorsis a key element of a

    twin-screw compressor, and rotor tooth

    modicaon has gradually received aenon

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    because it can reduce operang compressor noise.Current rotor machining references are mainlyrelated to forming tool design or abrasion of the“horizontal” grinder, but lile aenon has beenpaid to form grinding using a “vercal” grinder andsimulang the machining exibility of each grinderaxis. Therefore, this paper established a general

    coordinate system for the screw rotor form grindingand connected it to a vercal ve-axis computerizednumerical control form grinder to simulate rotorgrinding and tooth modicaon. Further, theinuence of a form grinding wheel contourdesigned by dierent declinaon angles of a rotortooth prole on a grinding rotor tooth and theinuence of the moon parameter of each axis onthe machining precision of the rotor and the toothshape are proposed in this paper. (14 refs, 12 gs, 6tables) (AA)

    110553 Cmpementar tribmeters fr theanasis f cntact phenmena in grinding

    García, E; Sánchez, JA;Méresse, D; Pombo, I;Dubar, L [J of MaterialsProcessing Technology,v214, n 9, Sep 2014,Starng Page 1787, Pages11] In this paper, analternave approach ispresented for the studyand characterizaon of

    contact phenomena ingrinding. It consists of two complementary testbenches: the On-Machine Test Bench and the HighSpeed Tribometer. They are designed to overcomethe limitaons of current grinding experimentalstudies. On the one hand, the On-Machine TestBench enables accurate control of processparameters. This allows assessing the eect of thedierent grinding mechanisms on process forces,and specic energy. In addion, its conguraonavoids steep thermal gradients; consequently, it ispossible to obtain stable and accurate temperature

    measurements that can be directly related toprocess variables. On the other hand, the HighSpeed Tribometer enables to isolate adhesiveeect because of its predominance. This test benchallows an accurate control of contact pressure andcontact area. Then, adhesive phenomena can becharacterized and related to process parametersusing force and temperature measurements.Experimental results obtained in both test benchesare presented. A wide range of data (forces, specicenergy, temperatures, wear…) concerning contactcondions in grinding can be obtained from this

    complementary approach. (29 refs, 15 gs,4 tables) (GM)

    lASER MACHINING

    110554 laser cng f aminm fam:Eperimenta and mde stdies

    Yilbas, Bekir Sami;Akhtar, SS; Keles, Omer[J of Manufacturing Sci& Engg:ASME Trans,v 135, n 5, Oct 2013,Starng Page 051018,Pages 9] Laser cung

    of aluminum foam with 9 mm thickness is carriedout and thermal stress eld developed in the cutsecon is simulated using nite element code.Morphological changes in the cut secon areexamined through opcal and scanning electronmicroscopes. The oxide compounds formed at thecut secon during the cung are idened using

    X-ray diracon. It is found that parallel sided cutedges are resulted during laser cung. Themaximum von Mises stress in the cut secon is onthe order of few MPa, which is close to the yieldinglimit of the workpiece material. Some smallscaered sideways burning resulng in localthermal erosion along the cut edges is observed.(35 refs, 11 gs, 4 tables) (AA)

    lASER wElDING

    110555 Benecia interface gemetr fr aser jining f NiTi t stainess stee ires

    Brandal, Grant; Satoh,Gen; Yao, Y Lawrence;Naveed, Syed [J ofManufacturing Sci &Engg: ASME Trans,

    v 135, n 6, Dec 2013, Starng Page 061006,Pages 10] This study explores a method of using acup and cone interfacial geometry, with no llermaterial, to increase the tensile strength of the joint. Not only does the cup and cone geometryincrease the surface area of the interface, but italso introduces a shear stress component,which is shown to be benecial to tensile strengthof the wire as well. The fracture strength forvarious cone apex angles and laser powers isdetermined. Composional proles of theinterfaces are analyzed. A numerical model is usedfor explanaon of the processing parameters.(41 refs, 18 gs) (GM) ◘