m%:u uqøkh - internet archive
TRANSCRIPT
m%:u uqøKh
Tn NsCIqjla o@
ixialdrl
mQcH kdj, OïudkJo iajdóka jykafia
m%ldYkh
› ioaO¾u ixiohzioyï fijKZ
134/A" .,f.or j;a;"je,afyak mdr" ud;ïuk"
ñkqjkaf.dv'
úuiSï : 071–4417813
úoHq;a ,smskh : [email protected]
fjí wvú : www.theravada.mahavihara.orgwww.sadaham.net
m%:u uqøKh : ksls‚$2556 ^ 2012 wf.daia;= &
Copyright © Sri Saddharma Sansadaya
› ioaO¾u ixiofhka m%ldYs; fjk;a O¾u.%ka:
mQcH kdj, OïudkJo iajdóka jykafia·wisßu;a Þkh·iqmsßisÿ ksjka u`.·wdkdmdki;s Ndjkdj·bßhdm: Ndjkdj iy iïmc[a[ Ndjkdj·málal+,ukisldr Ndjkdj ̂ms<sl=,a Ndjkdj&·Oïudkqiai;s Ndjkdj·uydidfrdamu iQ;%h·Oïuplalmamj;a;k iQ;%h·l¾uh ms<sn| w.kd foiqula ̂pQ<lïuúNÙ. iQ;%h&·oyïwei my< ùu ̂ØKjF:qiQ;% újrKh&·fl%daOh kik u`. ̂wd>d;máúkh iQ;%h&·we;amshjr Wmudj ̂pQ<yFÓmfodamu iQ;%h&·;s%úO ffp;H jkaokdj·Wol=lafÄmiSudúNdúkS·;sirK iy mkais,a·wNsO¾udj;rKh ̂i;r mrud¾:O¾u&
iñkao rKisxy·msk iy l=i,h ms<sn| f:arjdo úksYaph
- i -
Tel :- 071 - 4417813Fax :- 071 - 8802012E-mail :- [email protected] :- www.theravada.mahavihara.org
www.sadaham.net
kej; uqøKh i|yd" ish¨ úuiSï"
› ioaO¾u ixiohzioyï fijKZ 134$A" .,f.orj;a;"je,afyak mdr" ud;ïuk"ñkqjkaf.dv'
O¾uÞkh i|yd Þhl;ajh
*kqf.af.dv ñßydk ciafj,a fmfofia wxl 3 ksjfiys mÈxÑ mskaj;a mKavql uydkdu uy;d" tu uy;añh iy úfYaI{Y,HffjoH f¾Kqld uydkdu Èh‚hka úiska wNdjm%dma; foujqmshkag o frdIdka uydkdu l=ureg o wfkl=;a mskaleu;s ×;sys;ñ;%d§kag o mqKHdkqfudaokd lsÍu ms‚i iy ;ukag O¾udjfndaOh ms‚i"
*mskaj;a ,,s;d r;akiS,s Wmdisld ud;dj úiska .ïmy
udfo,a.uqfõ mÈxÑ j isg wNdjm%dma; l¾f;a,sia rd<ydñ mshdKkag mqKHdkqfudaokd lsÍu ms‚i;a iqÔj;a j isák iS,j;S chfialr uE‚hkag fi;a me;Su ms‚i yd ;udg ks¾jdKdjfndaOh ms‚i"
*mskaj;a .=Kfialr Wmdil uy;d iy ,,s;d moañŒ uy;añh úiska foujqmshkag iy .=Kmd, .=Kfialr uy;dg mqKHdkqfudaokd lsÍu ms‚i yd oreuqkqnqrkag fi;a me;Su ms‚i yd ;ukag ks¾jdKdjfndaOh ms‚i"
*mskaj;a ;s,ld úl%udrÉÑ uy;añh iy úl%udrÉÑ uy;aud úiska ;ukag O¾udjfndaOh ms‚i"
*kqf.af.dv" ñßydfkys mÈxÑ mskaj;a ksrxc,d r;akdhl
uy;añh úiska 2012'09'13 Èkg fhfok mskaj;a r;akdhl uy;df.a 70 jk ckauÈkh ksñ;af;ka fi;a me;Su ms‚i yd ;udg O¾udjfndaOh ms‚i"
*kqf.af.dv mskaj;a rix.kS fufKúh" rKisxy uy;añh iy tÈßisxy uy;añh úiska ;ukag O¾udjfndaOh ms‚i"
*hlal, mskaj;a l=,;=x. uy;d úiska ;udg O¾udjfndaOh ms‚i"
*flfy,anoaor mskaj;a ,Skd úoHdr;ak uy;añh iy ksu,aisß ;sfiard uy;d úiska wNdjm%dma; foujqmshkag mqKHdkqfudaokd lsÍu ms‚i yd ;ukag O¾udjfndaOh ms‚i"
N. A. D.
P.
S.
- ii -
*kqf.af.dv" ñßydfkys mÈxÑ mskaj;a iqrx.kS ngqjka;=vdj uy;añh úiska wNdjm%dma; chka; ngqjka;=vdj uy;dg iy wNdjm%dma; foujqmshkag mqKHdkqfudaokd lsÍu ms‚i yd ;udg O¾udjfndaOh ms‚i"
*kqf.af.dv mskaj;a pQ,x.kS uy;ka;s, uy;añh iy uy;d úiska wNdjm%dma; ×;Skag mqKHdkqfudaokd lsÍu ms‚i yd ;ukag O¾udjfndaOh ms‚i"
*kqf.af.dv" ñßydfkys mÈxÑ mskaj;a k,Ska úl%u uy;d iy chñŒ úl%u uy;añh úiska ishdrd yd ñydrd hk ore fofokdg fi;a me;Su ms‚i yd ;ukag O¾udjfndaOh ms‚i"
- iii -
fuu O¾uÞkh isÿ lrk ,§'-- --*
- iv -
msÿuta Nd.Hj;a jQ w¾y;a jQ iïudiïnqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a
T!rimq;%" f.!;u nqÿiiqfkys úkhOr NsCIQka w;ßka w.%m%dma; Wmd,s uyry;ka jykafiag o"
tu YsIHdkqYsIH mrmqrg wh;a ,laÈj f:arjdo uydúydÍh NsCIq mrmqr msysgqjd jod< wkqnqÿ uyduyskao uyry;ka jykafiag o"
msßisÿ Wmiïmodjla ,eîu i|yd Èú fkd l;d nqreu rgg o jevu fldg ijrla u Wmiïmod-o<aySl¾u ,en YS% ,Ùld rdu[a[ uydksldh kï wúÉýkak uydúydÍh Wmiïmod NsCIqjxYh msysgqjd jod< w;smQckSh bˆiNjr[dKidó uydkdhl udysñmdKka jykafiag o"
nqÿiiqk msßyS hkakg fkd § thg kj Ôjhla ,nd foñka Y%S ,Ùld rdu[a[ uydksldhdkqnoaO Y%S l,HdŒ fhda.dY%u ixia:d kï" wrKHl fhda.djpr NsCIqjxYh msysgqjd jod< Y%S wd¾hú,dijxYd,Ùldr ioaO¾ujd.SYajrdpd¾h mám;a;sfidaNk .KmdfudlaLdpßh ufydamdOHdh rdclSh mKaä; w;smQckSh lvjeoaÿfõ Y%S ðkjxidNsOdk udysñmdKka jykafiag o"
udf.a m%j%cHdpd¾h" Y%S ,Ùld rdu[a[ uydksldfha le,‚h m%dfoaYSh iÙ>iNdfõ úkhmd,l w;s.re mQckSh ls;=,ïmsáfha wdkkao udysñmdKka jykafiag o"
wÜGl:d iys; úkh msglh ms<sn| j uQ,sl ±kqu ,nd foñka udyg fm!rd‚l uydúydÍh úkh ms<sn| j úfYaI we,aula we;s lrjQ wm úkhdpd¾h w;s.re mQckSh .%Sisfha [dKoiaik udysñmdKka jykafiag o"
fun÷ úkh.%ka:hla iïmdokh lsÍug ;rï ud ;=< úkh oekqu m%.=K lrjd ÿkakd jQ o wdÈn%yaupßhl" wdNsiudpdßl ish¨ YsCIdjka o we;=<;a j wÜGl:d" àld iys; f:arjdo uydúydÍh ishqï úkh úksYaphka meyeÈ,s lr fokakd jQ o wÜGl:dàldpd¾hjxYdkqhd; wm úkhdpd¾hhka jykafia jk úkhúYdro w;s.re mQckSh kqjrt<sfha [dKiS, udysñmdKka jykafiag o
fuu úkh.%ka:h wdor-f.!rjfhka idor-Nla;sfhka mqolr isáñ' fuu uydúydÍh úkh úksYaph nqoaOYdikfha ÑriaÓ;sh ms‚i u fya;= fõjd!
idOq! idOq!! idOq!!!
fmrjok
—wkqcdkdñ NsCLfõ WmiïmdfoFjd pF;dß p
wlrŒhdks wdÑCÅ;=x˜ hhs jod< mßÈ w¨; Wmiïmod jk
NslaIQkag Èúfl<jr f;la fkd l< hq;= lreKq i;r lshd
Èh hq;= nj uydCLkaOlfhys jodrd we;' wlrŒh i;r
fkdfyd;a zpF;dß wlrŒhdksZ hk moj,ska woyia jkafka
i;r mdrdðld h' i;r mdrdðld jkdys NslaIqjlf.a Ôjh hs'
Ôjh ke;s ;ek we;af;a u<l|ls' Wmiïmkakhdf.a Ôjh
f;drjkafka tu i;r mdrdðld kue;s islmohla leã .sh
úg h' thska u fyf;fï Wmiïmkak nfjka uf<a fjhs'
u<l|g kej; Ôjh Èh fkd fykakd fia fyf;fï kej;
fï w;aneõys Wmiïm;a;sh ,eîug wNjH fõ' tneúka
w¨; Wmimka jQjka úiska wka yeu foag u l,ska i;r
mdrdcsld ms<sn| m%udKj;a oekqula we;s lr.; hq;= h' tl,
Wmiïmod jQ ;eka mgka miajila hk;=re weÿre iómfhys
iómpdß j fjfifñka úkh uQ,sl mßhma;sfhys fhÿk
kjl NslaIqjg ,enqKq wdrdlaIdj uyfurg;a jeä h' kuq;a
Wmiïmodj ,;a Èkfhys u .=rekaf.ka fjka j kej;;a
úYajúoHd, wd§ wdh;k fj; Èjhdug läkï jk kjl
NslaIqjg l=uk wdrdlaIdfjlao@ th Ydikfha uydwNd.Hls'
flfia fj;;a ;;aFjh wo jk úg tfia ks¾udKh ù we;'
tn÷ wkdrlaIs; kjl NslaIqj w;g wlrŒh-O¾u i;r
iïnkaO j ,shejqKq m%udKj;a úia;rhla ,efí kï th o
zw;afmd;laZ f,i ks;r Ndú;hg f.k uQ,sl wdrlaIdj
i,id .ekSug Tjqkag yels jk nj wmf.a mru úYajdih hs'
tkuq;a fnfy;a ;snQ nu‚ka frda.h iqj jkafka ke;'
fnfy; ksis mßÈ mdúÉÑ lr;fyd;a mu‚" frda.h iqj
- v -
jkafka' tneúka zw;afmd;Z ;snQ mu‚ka wejeis wdrlaIdj
fkd ie,fikq we;s' úáka úg ksis mßÈ lshjd lreKq
f;areï f.k ta wkqj l%shd l<fyd;a tlS wdrdlaIdj
ie,fikq we;'
;%smsglfõ§ kdj, Oïudkkao ia:úrku ,shQ zTn
NsCIqjla o@Z kï úkh .%ka:h fï wdrlaIdj f.k fok"
kjl NslaIqkag w;HdjYH wx.hla imqrd,kakls' tneúka
fuu .%ka:h kjl NslaIQka úiska .=re-;k;=rys ,d
ie,lSu u jgfkah' msßisÿ YS, iïm;a;shla we;s
NslaIqYdikhla ,laÈj m%;sIaGdmkh lr,Sfï woyi fuu
.%ka:lrKfhys wNHka;r ksñ;a; nj uu fyd¢ka u oksñ'
tneúka kjl NslaIqkaf.a YS, mdßY=oaêh ms‚i u fuh fya;=
fõjdæ hs uu m;ñ'
óg
YdikiaÓ;sldó"
mQcH kqjrt<sfha ØKiS, ia:úr"
rK.sßh wrKHfiakdikh"
foaj.sßh"
Èoafo‚h"
ue,aisßmqr'
- vi -
ye¢kaùu
;=kaf,d ald.% j Q Nd.Hj;a j Q w¾y;a j Q
iïudiïnqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a ØK.ïNSr;dj m%lg jk
fCIa;% i;ßka tlls" úkhm%{ma;sh' isjqms<sisôhd m;a
uyry;ka jykafia,dg mjd nqoaOm%{ma; we;eï
úkhlreKq ms<sn| j úksYaph l< fkd yels jk whqre
m%:u O¾uiÙ.dhkdj wjia:dfjys § u;=j qKq
zLqoaÞkqLqoaolisCLdZ ms<sn| .eg¨fjka m%lg fõ' tys §
wkqnqoaO uydldYHm uyry;ka jykafia bÈßm;a l< b;d u
jákd m%ldYhla jQfha —wms nqÿrcqka fkd meKjQ foa
fkd mKjd meKjQ foa lv fkd fldg Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia
meKjQ mßoafoka YsCIdjkays yslafuuq˜ hkak hs'
zTn NsCIqjla o@Z hk fuu l=vd úkh.%ka:h
Nd.Hj;a nqÿrcdKka jykafia úiska Wmiïmkak
NsCIqjlf.a m%Odk u YsCIdmo i;r f,i mKjd jÞ< i;r
mdrdðlYsCIdmo ms<sn| j meyeÈ,s flfrk úkhiÙ.%yhls'
NsCIq-YS,fhys moku yd Ôjh o i;rmdrdðldYsCId h'
meúÈmCIh fuka u .sysmskaj;=ka o fï ms<sn| j fyd¢ka
lreKq ±k isáh hq;a;dy' md;%isjqre ilia lr .ekSu ms<sn|
j;a fuys ieflúka lreKq ±lafõ' fuu .%ka:h iÙ.%y
lsÍfuys ,d ud fhduq lrjk ,oafoa udf.a mQckSh
úkhdpd¾hhka jykafia jk úkhúYdro w;s.re mQckSh
kqjrt<sfha ØKiS, udysñmdKka jykafia úisks' fuu
úkhiÙ.%yh ieliSfuka ud cks; lr .;a l=i, iïNdrh
- vii -
nqoaOYdikfhys ÑriaÓ;sh i|yd u fya;= fõjdZhs
m%d¾:kd lrñ'
tfia u fuu úkhiÙ.%yh iïmdokh lsÍfuka wm
úiska cks; lr .;a O¾uÞkuh l=i, iïNdrh wmf.a
m%j%cHdpd¾h w;s.re mQckSh ls;=,ïmsáfha wdkJo iajdóka
jykafiag o rdclSh mKaä; w;s.re mQckSh lvjeoaÿfõ
ðkjxi udysñmdKka jykafiag o fiiq wdpd¾h
WmdOHdhhka jykafia,dg o w;am;a ùfuka m%d¾:kSh
fndaêhlska wud ksjkaiqj ie,fiajd!
úúOdldrfhka udyg Wmldr lrk Èoafo‚h"
rK.sßh wrKH-fiakdikdêjdis mQckSh kqjrt<sfha
ØKiS, iajdóka jykafia m%Odk fiiq iajdóka
jykafia,dg o lÿrejej O¾urdc., wrKHfikiqfkys
wmf.a O¾udkaf;ajdis in%yaupdÍka jykafia,dg o fuu
O¾uÞkuh l=i, n,fhka wdhqrdfrda.H-iïm;a yd
ksjkaiqj w;am;a fõjd!
ye¥jevQ ujqmsh fofokd jykafiag;a isjqmifhka
Wmia:dk lrk ÞhlldrldÈ ieug;a úfYaIfhka u uqøK
lghq;= isÿ l< mskaj;a mqKH Y%S ;=Ika; w,aúia" WfmaCId
mshrx.sld w,aúia uy;auuy;aókag;a wmf.a O¾uÞkuh
mqKHl¾u i|yd;a wm úkhd,Ùldr Y%djliNdfõ lghq;=
i|yd;a mqfrda.dó j wkq.%y lrk mskaj;a ik;a
fldä;=jlal= uy;d m%Odk mskaj;=kag;a fï i|yd iydh jQ
fiiq ieufokdg;a fuu O¾uÞkuh l=i,l¾ufha
n,fhka O¾u×k" Ndjkd×k j¾Okh lr f.k iqj fia
- viii -
ksjkaiqj w;aú£ug ,efíjd!
fuu O¾uÞkuh l=i, l¾uh bfJødafmaJødÈ ÈjHrdc
n%yaurdc iuQyhdg;a ifoajlf,dalhdg;a O¾udjfndaOh
ms‚i u fya;= fõjd!
idOq! idOq!! idOq!!!
fuhg"
iiqka ,eÈ"
mQcH kdj, OïudkJo ysñ'
wkqYdil $ f,aLldêldß"
uydúydÍh › úkhd,Ùldr Y%djl iNdj
O¾urdc., wrKHfiakdikh"
lÿrejej" weyegqjej'
^ksls‚$2556&
- ix -
mgqk
- x -
* Tn NsCIqjla o@ 01
021. m%:u mdrdðldj
062. fojk mdrdðldj
153. f;jk mdrdðldj
224. isjqjk mdrdðldj
265. iQúis mdrdðld
6. mdrdðld-wdm;a;shg m;ajqjfyd;a 29l=ula l< hq;= o@
- xi -
Tn NsCIqjla o@
;=kaf,d ald.% j Q Nd.Hj;a j Q w¾y;a j Q
iïudiïnqÿrcdKka jykafiaf.a meúÈ-Y%djl Wmiïmkak
NsCIqjl úiska wkq.ukh l< hq;= uQ,sl YsCIdmo tl;=j
zm%d;sfudaCIhZ kñka ye¢kafõ' wjfYaI ish¨ l=i,
O¾uhkag uq,a jk neúka m%uqL jk neúka fY%aIaGd¾:fhka
zmd;sfudCLZ fyj;a zm%d;sfudACIhZhs lshkq ,efí' tfia u
fuu m%d;sfudaCI iÙLHd; YS,h rlsk ;eke;a;dj tu
YS,fha n,fhka i;r wmdfhka uqojd,k neúka o
zmd;sfudCLZ kï fõ'
m%d;sfudACIhg wÞ< m%Odk YsCIdmo foish úiails'
thskq;a m%Odk jkafka mdrdðld i;r hs' zmdrdðldZ hkq
flf,iaj,g mer§u hs' tfia merÿKq fyj;a mdrdðld jQ
NsCIqjlg WmiïmÞj ke;s jk w;r Tyq ;j ÿrg;a fiiq
m%lD;s NsCIQka iu`. fmdfydh lsÍï" úkhl¾u isÿ lsÍudÈ
ixjdi ke;af;l= fõ' WmiïmÞj ,enQ NsCIqj tu WmiïmÞ
m%;s,dNh iu`.ska m%d;sfudACIh /lSug ne£ isák w;r
Èúysñfhka i;r mdrdðld YsCIdmo /lSug wêIaGdk lr
.; hq;= h' NsCIqjla ;ud ±k fyda fkd ±k fyda mdrdðld
jqjfyd;a Tyq ;j ÿrg;a meúoafoys /£ isákq leu;s kï"
idufKarNdjhg m;a úh hq;= w;r ke;s kï" .sys njg m;a
úh hq;= h' tfia ke;s j WmiïmÞj m%;s× lsÍfuka Tyq
fndfyda wl=i,a /ia lr .kS' jrla mdrdðld jQ NsCIqjlg
kfuda ;iai N.jf;da wryf;da iïudiïnqoaOiai æææ^Nd.Hj;a jQ w¾y;a jQ iïudiïnqÿrcdKka jykafiag kuialdr fõjd æææ&
- 01 -
kej; tu Ôú;fha flÈklj;a WmiïmÞ úh fkd yel'
tksid WmiïmÞ ùug wfmaCId lrkafkda o WmiïmÞ
NsCIQyq o i;r mdrdðld ms<sn| j uekúka ±k isáh hq;a;dy'
(1) m%:u mdrdðldj
—hï Wmiïmkak NsCIqjla WmiïmÞj m%;sfCIam fkd
fldg hg;a msßfihska ;sßika.; ia;%shl iu`. jqj o
ffu:qkfiajkh lrhs kï" fyf;u mrdð; jQfha NsCIQka
yd tla j úiSula ke;af;la fjhs'˜
fï iïnkaOfhka ffu:qkfiajkhg wÞ< fCIa;%
fyj;a ud¾. ms<sn| j ukd wjfndaOhla we;s lr .; hq;= h'
mqoa., j¾.SlrKh wkqj ta fufia h'
1. ia;%S (-A. uQ;%-ud¾.hB. .=o-ud¾.hC. uqLh
2. WNf;danH[ackl (-A. uQ;%-ud¾.h^ia;%S$mqreI ,sÙ. B. .=o-ud¾.hfol u we;a;d& C. uqLh
3. mKavl ̂kmqxil& (-A. .=o-ud¾.hB. uqLh
4. mqreI (-A. .=o-ud¾.hB. uqLh
- 02 -
ud¾. 3
ud¾. 3
ud¾. 2
ud¾. 2
ish,a, ud¾. 10
fuu ud¾. 10" ukqIH-wukqIH-;sßika hk i;aFj
fldÜGdi ;=k wkqj .=K jQ l,ays 10 x 3 = 30 la fõ'
mqreIksñ;a; ̂ ,sÙ.h& m%fõY lsÍug ;rï m%udKj;a fkd jQ
l=vd i;=kaf.a ud¾.hkays m%fõY lsÍfuka NsCIqj mdrdðld
fkd fõ' md ke;s i;=ka w;r uiqka" i¾mhka o fomd i;=ka
w;r lsls<sh" leúäh wd§ka o isjqmdi;=ka w;r ne<,sh o
mdrdðldjg m%udKj;a jk w;r Bg l=vd i;a;= mdrdðldjg
jia;= fkd fj;s' by; i|yka ud¾. ;sy w;ßka hïlsis
ud¾.hla ;=<" NsCIqj ;udf.a mqreI,sÙ.h ;,weghla ;rï
jqj o ±k ±k m%fõY lf<a kï" mdrdðld fõ' fjk;a
flfkl= úiska nf,ka m%fõY lrjk l,ays wdiajdoh
bjiqfõ kï" NsCIqj mdrdðld fõ' WÞyrKhla f,i NsCIqj
ksÞ isà' fjk;a w,ÊÔ NsCIqjla meñK ksÞ isák NsCIqjf.a
mqreI,sÙ.h ;udf.a uqj ;=<g oud.kS' túg ksÞ isá NsCIqj
mqnqÈhs' ;udf.a mqreI,sÙ.h wfkld uqfjka f.k isákq
±fkhs' tu fõokdj bjihs kï NsCIQyq fofokd u mdrdðld
fj;s' kskafoka wjÈ jQ NsCIqj ;udf.a ,sÙ.h wfkld
uqfjka f.k isàu fkd bjihs' ;udf.a ,sÙ.h weof.k
wfkldj fmr<d oud Tyq ke`.Sisáhs' fkd bjiQ neúka ksÞ
isá NsCIqj mdrdðld fkd fjhs' tfy;a ,sÙ.h uqfjka .;a
NsCIqqj mdrdðld fjhs' fï wkqj by; i|yka l< mßÈ
;udf.a mqreI,sÙ.h ffu:qkfiajkhg wÞ< ud¾. ;sy ;=<
m%fõY lsÍfuka muKla fkdj ;udf.a uqLhg fyda
.=oud¾.hg mqreI,sÙ.hla m%fõY ùu bjikakd jQ NsCIqj o
mdrdðld jk nj úfYaIfhka u;l ;nd .; hq;= lreKls'
úkfhys ,d th ye¢kafjkafka zwkqf,dau-mdrdðldZ hk
kñks' wkqf,dau-mdrdðld i;rls'- 03 -
1. ,ïî - NsCIqjla ;udf.a u t,afnk È.=
,sÙ.h .=oud¾.hg m%fõY lsÍfuka
mdrdðld fõ'
2. uqÿmsÜÀflda - myiqfjka fld÷-weg fm< keúh
yels NsCIqjla my;g keó ;u df. a
uqj ;=<g ;udf.a u mqreI,sÙ.h
.ekSfuka mdrdðld fõ'
3. mriai wÙ.cd;x - NsCIqj wfkfll=f.a mqreI,sÙ.huqfÄk .Kayd;s ;udf.a uqj ;=<g we;=¿ lrhs kï
fyda nf,ka fyda tfia lrk l,ays
th bjihs kï fyda mdrdðld fõ'
4. mriai wÙ.cdf;a - NsCIqj wfkfll=f.a mqreI,sÙ.hwNsksiSo;s ;udf.a .=o-ud¾.hg we;=¿ lr .kq
,nhs kï fyda nf,ka wfkfll=
úiska tfia lrk l,ays bjihs kï
fyda mdrdðld fõ' fï wkqj m%:u mdrdðld wdm;a;shg m;a ùu
iïnkaOfhka m%Odk jk wÙ. folls' tkï"
1& ffu:qkfiajkh lsÍfï ̂ixi¾.fhys fh§fï& is;
2& ;udf.a mqreI,sÙ.h by; i|yka ud¾. ;sy w;ßka
ljr fyda ud¾.hl m%fõY l sÍu ' ^ke;fyd; a
wkqf,dau-mdrdðld jYfhka ffu:qkfiajkh
bjiSu'&
- 04 -
Ôj;ajkafkl= iu`. muKla fkdj u<ñkshla iu`.
fyda ffu:qkfiajkh lsÍfï is;ska hq;= j ;udf.a
mqreI,sÙ.h u<ñksfha wÞ< ud¾. ;=<g m%fõY lsÍfuka
mdrdðld fõ' fuys § u<ñksfha wÞ< ud¾. wvla CIh fkdù
;sìh hq;= w;r u<ñksh l=Kq fkdù ;sìh hq;= h'
tksid" iir ìh olakd kqjKe;s NsCIqj lduhka
.sksw`.=re-j<la fia olsñka ks;r YÍrh ms<sn| j
ms<sl=,aix×fjka hq;= j" urKh .ek isys lrñka
wks;Hix×j jvñka isysfkka fyda ffu:qkhla
fkd bjiñka jdih lsÍug wêIaGdk lr .; hq;= h' fufia
ffu:qk wdiajdoh fkd bjik NsCIqjl iu`.ska hfula
nf,ka ffu:qkfiajkh lrhs o ke;fyd;a lrjhs o th
fkd bjik NsCIqj mdrdðld fkd fõ' tfia u NsCIqj ;o
kskafoa isáh § hfula Tyq iu`.ska ffu:qkfiajkh lr;;a
NsCIqj ta nj fkd okS kï" wjÈ jqj o NsCIqj th fkd bjihs
kï" mdrdðld fkd fõ' i÷ka yd wY=Ñ fjka lr fkd .;
yels ;rug" Wu;= jQ NsCIqj o hCIdfõYfhka úCIsma; jQ is;a
we;s NsCIqj o mdrdðld fkd fj;s' wdiajdohla fkd ,eìh
yels f,i n,j;a fõokdjlska fmf<k NsCIqj o uq,ska u
jro l< iqÈkak NsCIqj o mdrdðld fkd fj;s'
YS,fhys wdksixi kqj‚ka olakd ie±ye;s NsCIqj
nqÿiiqfkys yd meúoafoys ÿ¾,N nj jgyd f.k Èúysñfhka
m%:u mdrdðldjg m;a fkd ùug wÈgka lr .; hq;= h' th
iq.;shg yd ksjkg u`. fõ'
- 05 -
(2) fojk mdrdðldj
—hï Wmiïmkak NsCIqjla .fuys fyda jkfhys fyda
^fjk;a lsishï ;ekl fyda& ;sfnk ;ud i;= fkd jQ fyj;a
wkai;= fkd ÿka lyjKq 1$4 jákd fohla fyda Bg jeä
jákdlulska hq;= fohla fidrlï lrhs o fyf;u mrdð;
jQfha NsCIQka yd tla j úiSula ke;af;la fjhs'˜
NsCIqjl úiska wkai;= ;Km;l fohlaj;a fidrlï
fkd l< hq;= jqj o mdrdðld jkafka nqoaOld,fhys zmdohZ
kñka ye¢kajQ w.fha jákdlug iudk jQ fyda Bg jeä jQ
hula fidrlï lsÍfuka mu‚' zmdohZ hkq nqoaOld,fhys
u.O rdcHfhys Ndú;d flreKq lyjKqfjka 1$4 jákd
w.h hs' lyjKq Ndú;d fkd flfrk m%foaYj, ̂ke;fyd;a
ld,j,& msßisÿ r;%ka uxpdä myl jákdlu mdrdðld ùug
m%udKj;a w.h jYfhka ie,lsh hq;= nj úu;súfkdaokS-
àldfõ 144 msgqfjys i|yka fõ' rkaj, jákdlu l,ska
l,g ráka rgg fjkia jk neúka fidrlu isÿ l<
rg$m<d; wkqj" fidrlu isÿ l< Èkg wÞ< j rkaj,
jákdlu wkqj msßisÿ rka uxpdä myl jákdlu .Kkh
fldg mdrdðld jQ $ fkd jQ nj ;SrKh l< hq;= h' ful,
zmdohZ úksYaph l< fkd yels nj lreKq fkd okakdlu
ksid we;eï weÿrka i,l;;a th uq<djla nj
úu;súfkdaokS-àldj wkqj ;yjqre fõ' mdrdðldjg
m%udKh jk mdohl jákdlu ±k.ekSu i|yd r;%ka
lu_ka;fhys fhfok rkalrefjl= yuq ù fyda rkaj,
jákdlu okakd nexl= ks,Odßfhl= yuq ù fyda wÞ< Èkfha
- 06 -
msßisÿ rka ^lerÜ 24 r;%ka& mjqul ñ, yd ta wkqj r;%ka
uxpdä myl jákdlu .Kkh lr n,d .; hq;= h' th o<
jYfhka fufia h'
mjqulg uxpdä ̂wdikak jYfhka& - 27
ta wkqj zmdohlZ uxpdä .Kk - 5/27
msßisÿ lerÜ 24 rkamjqul ñ< re' 54,000/= kï"
uxpdä 5 jákdlu - 54000 x (5/27)
- re' 10,000/=
ta wkqj mdrdðld jk fidrlfï w.h - re' 10,000/=
rkamjqul w.h re' 54,000/= jk ld,hl NsCIqjla
re' 10,000/= fyda Bg jeä jákdlulska hq;= kqÿka NdKavhla
fidr is;ska meyer .;fyd;a mdrdðld fõ' fojk
mdrdðldjg m;a jkafka wkai;= foa .ekSfï fidrlñka u
muKla fkd fõ' rchg nÿ f.úh hq;= ;ekaj, nÿ
fkd f.ùfuka o rcfha fyda fm!oa.,sl fyda wkai;=
foam,g ydks lsÍfuka o bvlvïj, udhsï fidris;ska
fjkia lsÍfuka o ysñhka wysñhka lsÍug fndre meñ‚,s
lsÍï-idCIs lSï wdÈfhka ysñhdg w,dN lsÍfuka o NsCIqjla
mdrdðld úh yels h' mdrdðldjg m;a úh yels wdldrfha
zwjydrZ fyj;a fidrd .ekSfï l%u úismyla
úkhÜGl:djkays i|yka fõ' Wmiïmkak NsCIqj fuu
miaúis zwjydrZ ms<sn| j b;d fyd¢ka ±k isáh hq;= h'
miaúis wjydr ieflúka fufia h'
- 07 -
I. kdkdNdKav m[aplh ̂wÑ;a;l yd iÑ;a;l jia;=&
1) wdÈfhhH - wkai;= wÑ;a;l$iÑ;a;l jia;=jla
fndre kvq lshd ;ud i;= lr .ekSu'
2) yfrhH - wkai;= wÑ;a;l$iÑ;a;l jia;=jla
ysñhdf.ka b,a,df.k ;eklska ;j;a
;eklg f.k hñka isáh § fidris;ska
.ekSu'
3) wjyfrhH - ;ud fj; wdrCIdj i|yd ;enQ
wÑ;a;l$iÑ;a;l jia;=jla ysñhdg
wdmiq fkd § .ekSu'
4) bßhdm:x - wkai;= wÑ;a;l$iÑ;a;l jia;=jla
úfldafmhH f.k hk mqoa.,fhl= ±l Tyq hñka
isák bßhjqj fjkia lrjd Tyq ,jd u
NdKavh f.kajd .ekSu'
5) Gdkd pdfjhH - wkai;= wÑ;a;l$iÑ;a;l jia;=jla ;snQ
;ekska .ekSu'
II. talNdKav m[aplh ̂iÑ;a;l i;aFjhka&
fuu m[aplfhys o 6&wdÈfhhH" 7&yfrhH"
8&wjyfrhH" 9&bßhdm:x úfldafmhH" 10&Gdkd pdfjhH
hk wjydr mi tfia u fhfok w;r fuys fjki jkafka
wkai;= iÑ;a;l we;a - .j - ñksia wdÈ m%d‚fhl= fidrd
.ekSu hs'
- 08 -
III. idyFÓl m[aplh
11) idyFÓl - ish;ska ̂;ud úiska& wkai;= jia;= fidrd
.ekSu'
12) wdK;a;sl - wkqkag wK lr fidrlï lrùu'
^fidrlï lsÍug wkqkag wK lr miq j
th kqiqÿiq hZhs is;d" th je<elaùfuka
NsCIqj mdrdðl fkd fõ' tfy;a
je<elaúh fkd yels jqjfyd;a
jákdlu wkqj NsCIqj mdrdðld fõ'&
13) ksiai.a.sh - nÿ .kakd ;ekaj, § wÞ< nÿ fkd f.jd
fidr is;ska NdKav msg lsÍu'
14) wF:idOl - yels jQ wjia:djl fidrlï lsÍug
úOdk lr ;eîu' wkai;= foa úkdY
lsÍu'
15) OqrkslafÄm - wdrCIdjg ;enQ NdKav ysñhdg fkd §
.ekSu" fndre kvq lSu wdÈ wjia:dj, §
ysñhd ;ud i;= NdKav fyda jia;= ms<sn|
wfmaCIdj w;ayeÍfuka wjydrh) isÿ
ùu' tfia u ;djld,sl j b,a,d .;a foa
fkd § .ekSfuys § ysñhd wfmaCIdj
w;ayeÍfuka wjydrh) isÿ ùu'
^) zwjydrhZ kï fidrlu hs'&
IV. mqínmfhda. m[aplh
16) mqínmfhda. - fidrlu ms<sn| j wK lsÍu tys ,d
zmQ¾j m%fhda.hZ hs' fuh w¾: jYfhka
wdK;a;sldjydrhg iudk h'- 09 -
17) iymfhda. - jegb‚ fjkia lsÍu n÷ m%fhda.hla
iu`.ska isÿ jk wjydrh ziymfhda.Z hs'
18) ixúÞjydr - msßila iu`.ska ixúOdkh ù tla j
fidrlï lsÍu'
19) iÙfla;lïu -zfï fõ,dfjys wij,a NdKavh
fidrlï lrj" fmrjre ld,fhys
fukï jia;=j fidrlï lrjZ hkdÈ
jYfhka ld,h kshu fldg fidrlï
lrùu' tfia ld,h kshu l< whqßka u
fkd jrojd fidrlu isÿ jkafka kï"
wK lsÍu;a iu`. u zwjydrhZ fõ'
20) ksñ;a;lïu - zfidrlu isÿ l< hq;= fudfyd;
±k.ekSu i|yd fun÷ ix×jla
lrk afkñ Zh s fun÷ Yíohl a
k`.kafkñZhs hkdÈ jYfhka ksñ;s
^,l=Kq& ±laùfuka fidrlï lrùu'
tfia ksñ;s ^ix×& l< whqßka u
fkd jrojd fidrlu isÿ jkafka kï"
wK lsÍu;a iu`. u zwjydrhZ fõ'
V. f:hHdjydr m[aplh
21) f:hHdjydr - wkqkag fkd fmfkk f,i f.j,a ì|
nvq meyer f.k hdu" fydr lsreï-
ñKqï yd jHdc rka-ߧ-uqo,a wdÈfhka
j[apd lsÍu'
- 10 -
22) mihHdjydr -. ï m y r k f i d r e k a f u k a
n,d;aldrfhka wkqka i;= foa meyer
.ekSu' jeäfhka nÿ wh lr .ekSu
wdÈh zmihHdjydrZ hs'
;ud woia l< mßÈ .ekSu
z m ßlm a m d jy d r Z h h s ' fuh
zNKavmßlmam"Z z´ldimßlmamZ
j Y f h k a f o j e o E r e ï f õ '
zNKavmßlmamZ kï" ;udg fidrd
.ekSug wjYH NdKavhla i,ld
f.k th ;sfnk ;ekg f.dia
u,a,la ±l tu u,a, neyerg f.k
f.dia u,a,fys ;udg wjYH foa ;sfí
kï .ksñ h" ke;fyd;a oud hñ hZhs
is;d u,a, Tijk úg u,a,fys ;ud
woyia l< NdKavh ;sî th
rkauxpdä myl jákdlñka hq;= ù
kï u,a, Tijkq iu`. u NsCIqj
mdrdðld fõ' u,af,ys ;ud woyia
l< NdKavh ke;s nj ±l
ysñhdg u,a, kej; ,efnk
m
23) mßlmamdjydrh -
ßÈ lsisjla fkd f.k oud
.shfyd;a mdrdðld fkd fõ' fuh
zNKavmßlmamdjydrZh hs'
z´ldimßlmamZ kï" ;udg fidrd
.ekSug wjYH NdKavhla ;sfnk
- 11 -
;ekla
i,ld f.k tu iSudj ;=< § hï
mqoa.,fhl= ;udj ÿgqjfyd;a fidrd
.ekSug wjYH NdKavh ne,Sug
.;a whqrla w`.jd oud hdug;a
ke;fyd;a /f.k m,d hdug;a
is;d NdKavh w;g f.k i,ld
.;a iSudj f;la lsisfjl= úiska
fkd olakd ,ÿ j NdKavh f.k
iSudj blaujd m<uq mdoh ;nd
msámi jQ fojk mshjr Tijkq
iu`. u NsCIqj mdrdðld fõ'
woyia l< iSudj fkd blaujd
NdKavh oud .sfha kï NsCIqj
m d r d ðl d fk d fõ fuh
z´ldimßlmamdjydrZh hs'
24) máÉPkakdjydrh -ysñhdg fkd fmfkk mßÈ
NdKavhla$jia;=jla i`.jd ;nd
fidrd .ekSu'
25) l=idjydrh -l=im;a fnÞ NdKav fnok l,ays
rkauxpdä myla jákd wkai;=
NdKav fidrd .ekSu i|yd ;udf.a
l=im; wkqkaf.a l=im;a yd udre
lsÍfuka zl=idjydrZh fõ'
fï wkqj fojk mdrdðld wdm;a;shg m;a ùu i|yd
wÙ. myla iïmQ¾K úh hq;= h'
;ekg f.dia hï iSudjla
- 12 -
1. ukqIHcd;slfhl= i;= kqÿka jia;=jla ùu'2. zwkqka i;= hZ hk ye`.Su ;ud ;=< ;sîu'3. lyjKqfjka 1$4 fyda rkauxpdä mylA fyda jákd
jia;=jla ùu'4. fidr is;$w,dN lsÍfï is;'5. by; i|yka miaúis ^25& wjydr w;ßka hï
wdldrhlska fidrd .ekSu'
fuu wÙ. iïmQ¾K ùfuka u NsCIqj mdrdðld jk
w;r Rcq j fkd lshd mßhdfhka ^jáka msáka& lshk
lreKla wid wfkfll= úiska fidrlï lrkq ,enqj;a
NsCIqj mdrdðld fkd jk nj —mßhdfhakys wÈkakdÞkf;da
uqÉp;s˜ hkqfjka iuka;mdidÈld úkhÜGl:dfõ 264
msgqfjys i|yka lre‚ka ;yjqre fõ' wÈkakdÞkh iïnkaO
mdrdðldjla úksYaph lsÍfuys § ;j ÿrg;a fuu lreKq
i,ld ne,sh hq;= h'
1. jF:q - fidrlï l< jia;=jg ysñfhl= we;s-ke;s
nj" ysñfhl= isà kï" Tyqf.a wfmaCIdj
we;s-ke;s nj'2. ld, - fidrlu isÿ l< ld,fhys jia;=fõ
jákdlu3. foai - fidrlu isÿ l< m%foaYh wkqj jia;=fõ
jákdlu4. w.a> - NdKavfhys w.h ^we;eï NdKav l,a .;
jk úg jákdlñka wvq fõ'&5. mßfNda. - NdKavh mßyrKh lr ;sîu' NdKavhla
ysñhd úiska jrla fyda mßyrKh lr
;snqKfyd;a tys w.h wvq fõ'fï wkqj NdKavfha jákdlu" wjydrfha iajNdjh"
- 13 -
is; l%shd l< wdldrh b;d fyd¢ka úuid n,d u wÈkakdÞk
mdrdðldj úksYaph l< hq;= h' fuu mdrdðldj m%:u
mdrdðldj fuka fkdj iq¿ lreKlska mdrdðld ùug
fuka u mdrdðld fkd ùug o bv we;s neúka úksYaph l<
hq;= lreKla yuq jQ l,ays úkhOrhka jykafia,d
lsysmkula ,jd u úksYaph lrjd fm<-wÜGl:d-àld
wkq.; Od¾ñl úksYapfhys u msysáh hq;= h'wkqka i;= fohla z;ud i;= hZ hk ye`.Sfuka tkï"
ili[aØfjka .kakyqg weje;a fkd fõ' tfia u ysñhd
flfrys úYajdifhka .kakdg o weje;a fkd fõ'
úYajdifhka .; hq;af;a Ôj;a j isák" ;ud úiska wÞ<
NdKavh .ekSu ms<sn| j i;=gq jk mqoa.,fhl= i;= foa h'
tfia úYajdifhka .;a NdKavh ysñhd b,a,;fyd;a th Èh
hq;= h' fkd § .;fyd;a weje;a fõ' hula ;djld,sl j
.ekSfuka weje;a fkd fõ' tfy;a ;djld,sl j .;a foa
wdmiq Èh hq;= h' fkd § .;fyd;a weje;a fõ' fm%a;hka i;=
foa yd ;sßika i;=ka i;= foa .ekSfuka weje;a fkd fõ'
tfia u mxiql+,ix[aØfjka .ekSfuka o weje;a fkd fõ'
zmxiql+,ixØjZ hkq zfuu jia;=j ysñfhla ke;s" w;ay<
NdKavhleZhs hk ye`.Su hs' tfy;a tfia .;a jia;=j
ysñfhl= i;= jQjla kï" ysñhd b,aÆ l,ays Èh hq;= h' fkd §
.;fyd;a weje;a fõ' Wu;= jQ NsCIqjla fidrlï lf<a o
weje;a fkd fõ' tfuka u hfCIdakaudofhka yd ±ä
fõokdfjka fmf<kakyqg o weje;a fkd fõ' uq,ska u jro
l< Oksh NsCIqjg o weje;a ke;'YS,fhys wkqiia olakd kqjKe;s NsCIqj
nqÿiiqfkys yd meúoafoys yd ÿ¾,N nj jgyd f.k
Èúysñfhka fojk mdrdðldjg m;a fkd ùug wÈgka lr
.; hq;= h'- 14 -
(3) f;jk mdrdðldj
—hï Wmiïmkak NsCIqjla ±k ±k ukqIHÔú;hla
^wju jYfhka ukqIH l,,hla& ke;s lrkafka ^>d;kh
lrkafka& fyda uefrkq ms‚i W.=,a wegùu" fndrej<
leŒu" wdhqO iómfhys ;eîu n÷ ia:djr m%fhda.
fhdokafka fyda flfkl=g uefrkq ms‚i ^urK woyiska&
urKfhys .=K lshkafka fyda fõ o ta fya;=fjka
ukqIHfhl=f.a urKh isÿ ùfuka fyf;u mrdð; jQfha
NsCIQka yd tla j úiSula ke;af;la fjhs'˜
NsCIqjl úiska l=rel=yqUqfjl=f.a ;rïj;a mrmK
fkd keish hq;= jqj o mdrdðld jkafka wju jYfhka
l,,hla muK jQ fyda ukqIHÔú;hla ke;s lsÍfuks'
mrmK keiSfuys ,d m%fhda. fyj;a l%fudamdh yhla
wÜGl:djkays i|yka fõ' ta fufia hs'
1) idy;aÓl m%fhda.h -;ud úiska ish;ska f., ñßlSï
wdÈfhka fyda lh yd iïnkaO
lvq" uq.=re wdÈ wdhqOhlska myr §
ukqIHfhl= ueÍu' fuh o
flfkl= kshu fldg ueÍu yd
kshu fkd fldg ueÍu jYfhka
fomßÈ fjhs' flfkl= kshu
fldg ueÍfuy s § k shu
lr .;a ;eke;a;dj ueÍfuka u
NsCIqj mdrdðld fjhs' tfy;a zfï
- 15 -
i;aFjhd urñZhs hk woyiska
hq;= j ;ud kshu lr fkd .;a
wfhl=g jqj o myr §fuka tu
ukqIHhd urKhg m;a jqjfyd;a
NsCIqj mdrdðld fõ'
2) wdK;a;sl m%fhda.h - —fufia úo urj" fufia myr §
urj˜ hkqfjka wfkfll=g wK
lr ñksfil= uerùfuka NsCIqj
mdrdðld fõ' NsCIqj hqoaO lghq;=
i|yd rcqkag" md,lhkag úOdk
lsÍu" wK lsÍu" wkqn, §u ksid ta
fya;=fjka tla ñksfil= fyda
uf<a o NsCIqj mdrdðld fõ' tksid
NsCIqj hqoaO lghq;=j,g wkqn,
§fuka uq¿ukska u je<lS isáh
hq;= h'
3) idy;aÓl m%fhda.h - ÿr isák flfkl= urK woyiska
lfhka fyda lh yd iïnkaO
jQjlska fyda B;, ú§u" fy,a,
úislsÍu" hka;%dkqidrfhka .,a
úislsÍu" ;=jlal=fjka fjä;eîu"
fndaïn úislsÍu wdÈ l%u u`.ska
ukqIHfhl= ueÍu' fuh o
flfkl= kshu fldg ueÍu yd
kshu fkd fldg ueÍu jYfhka
fomßÈ fjhs' flfkl= kshu
- 16 -
fldg ueÍfuys § kshu lr .;a
;eke;a;dj ueÍfuka u NsCIqj
mdrdðld fjhs' tfy;a zfï
i;aFjhd urñZhs hk woyiska
hq;= j ;ud kshu lr fkd .;a
wfhl=g jqj o myr §fuka tu
ukqIHhd urKhg m;a jqjfyd;a
NsCIqj mdrdðld fõ'
4) :djr m%fhda.h - z:djrZ ̂ ia:djr& kï f.k hd fkd
yel ^cx.u fkd jQ& WmlrK
wdÈh hs' tkï fndrej< leŒu"
W.=,a wegùu" wdhqO-úI-fnfy;a
<`. ;eîu wdÈfhka ukqIHfhl=
ueÍu'
5) úÊcduh m%fhda.h -uka;% n,fhka wKúk wdÈh
lsÍfuka ukqIHfhl= ueÍu'
6) boaêuh m%fhda.h -l¾uúmdlfhka yg.;a úfYaI
yelshdjlska ìh lsÍï wdÈfhka
ukqIHfhl= ueÍu'
fuu m%fhda. ifhka tllska ukqIHfhl= urK
NsCIqj mdrdðld jk w;r wdK;a;sl m%fhda.fhys § kshu
l< wK jrojd ms<sme§fuka wK l< NsCIqj mdrdðld
fkd fõ' ta iïnkaOfhka o; hq;= lreKq myla
iuka;mdidÈld úkhÜGl:dfõ 319 msgqfjys i|yka fõ'
1) jF:q - ueßh hq;= i;aFjhd fyj;a ukqIHhd fuys ,d
kshu l< ukqIHhd ;nd wfkfll= ueÍfuka
- 17 -
wK l< NsCIqj mdrðld fkd fõ'
2) ld, - ueßh hq;= ld,h' fuys ,d kshu l< Èkh"
fõ,dj" fmrjre-miajre ld,h ;nd wka
fõ,djl ueÍfuka wK l< NsCIqj mdrdðld
fkd fõ' ld,h kshu fkd l< l,ays ljr
fõ,djl uerej o wK l< NsCIqj mdrdðld
fõ'
3) ´ldi - ueßh hq;= ia:dkh' fuys ,d kshu l<
ia:dkfhys § yer wka ;ekl § ueÍfuka wK
l< NsCIqj mdrdðld fkd fõ' ;ekla kshu
fkd fldg wK l< l,ays fld;ekl § fyda
urKhg m;a l< l,ays wK l< NsCIqj
mdrðld fõ'
4) wdjqO - ueÍug fhdÞ .; hq;= wdhqOh' fuys ,d
ueÍug wdhqOhla kshu l< l,ays tu wdhqOh
;nd fjk;a wdhqOhlska ueÍfuka wK l<
NsCIqj mdrdðld fkd fõ' wdhqOhla kshu
fkd l< l,ays ljr wdhqOhlska urKhg m;a
l< o wK l< NsCIqj mdrdðld fõ'
5) bßhdm: - urKhg m;a ùfuys § isáh hq;= bßhjqj' fuys
,d fun÷ bßhjqjlska isák úg urkakeZhs
lshd kshu l< l,ays tu bßhjqj ;nd fjk;a
bßhjqjlska isák úg uerej o wK l< NsCIqj
mdrdðld fkd fõ' bßhjqj kshu fkd l<
l,ays fln÷ bßhjqjlska isák úg
uerej;a wK l< NsCIqj mdrdðld fõ'
- 18 -
ñksfil= ueÍug wK l< l,ays wksjd¾hfhka u tu
wK mßÈ fkd jrojd u wÞ< mqoa.,hd urKhg m;a jkafka
kï wK l< NsCIqj tu fudfydf;ys § u mdrdðld fõ' wK
l%shd;aul lrkafka ;j;a NsCIqjla kï wÞ< ñksid uerE
flfKys ta NsCIqj o mdrdðld fõ' zfufia u<fyd;a
iq.;shg hkafka hZ hkdÈ jYfhka ,shd ;nk ,oaola fyda
frda.sfhl=f.a urKhg wkqn, foñka —ÿla ú¢ñka isákjdg
jvd ueÍ iq.;shg hdu fyd| h˜ hkdÈ jYfhka l<
m %ldYhl a fyd a urK fÉ;kdfjk a h q; = j
urKixj¾Kkdjla f,i l< l,ays th lshjd fyda wid
fyda hï ñksfil= u<fyd;a tfia l< NsCIqj mdrdðld fõ'
fojk ^wÈkakdÞk& mdrdðldj iïnkaOfhka
mßhdhl:dfjka ^jáka msáka& mjik fohska mdrdðld
wdm;a;shg m;a fkd jQj;a f;jk mdrdðldj iïnkaOfhka
mßhdhl:dj o wdm;a;slr fõ' tksid urKfÉ;kdfjka
hq;= j mßhdfhka fyda NsCIqj lS l:djla wid ñksfil=
urKhg m;a jqjfyd;a NsCIqj mdrdðld fõ' tksid
urKdikak frda.Skag nK lshk NsCIQyq fï ms<sn| j
úfYaIfhka u;l ;nd .; hq;a;dy' widOH ;;aFjfhka
miqjk frda.sfhl= ±l Tyq ÿla fkd ú| blaukska ñh hkq
leu;s j —.s,ka ù ÿla ú¢ñka isákafka l=ug o@ blaukska
ñh f.dia iq.;s.dó ùu myiqjla fkd fõ ±˜hs hkqfjka
NsCIqj mejiQ úg frda.shd o th wid blaukska ñh hkq
leu;s j wdydr yd T!IO fkd f.k isg urKhg m;a
jqjfyd;a NsCIqj mdßðld fõ' tfiau hqoaOhla mj;sk
ld,hl —wij,a cd;slhkaf.ka wmf.a cd;shg fndfyda
.eyeg meñfKa' tneúka fkd kj;ajd hqoaO fldg wij,a
- 19 -
cd;slhka úkdY l< hq;= h' Tjqkaf.a fkdmK;alïj,g
bv fkd Èh hq;= h' Tjqka yd idlÉPdjla iudÞkhla wjYH
ke;' hqoaOh È.g u lr f.k hd hq;= h˜ hkqfjka NsCIqjla
hqoaONghkag fyda md,lhkag fyda wkqYdikd lrhs' th
wid md,lhka fyda hqoaONghka ffO¾hu;a ù hqoaOh
fkd kj;ajd lr f.k hdfuka ukqIHhka urKhg m;a
jqjfyd;a NsCIqj mdrdðld fõ' —Tn jykafia lshk ksid wms
hqoaO fkd lruq' wm hqoaO lrkafka wmg wjYH kï mu‚˜
hkqfjka hqoaONghka mjif;d;a NsCIqj mdrdðld fkd fõ'fï wkqj f;jk mdrdðld wdm;a;shg m;a ùu
iïnkaOfhka wx. myla iïmQ¾K úh hq;= h'
1. ukqIHfhl= ùu'2. m%d‚fhl= hk ix×j ;sîu'3. jOl fÉ;kdj ̂ueÍfï woyi&4. Wml%uh5. thska wÞ< ukqIHhd urKhg m;a ùu'
fuu lreKq my iïmQ¾K ùfuka u NsCIqj mdrdðld
wdm;a;shg m;a fõ'fukï Wml%ufhka fudyqj urñZhs hk woyila
ke;s j NsCIqj lrk l%shdjla ksid ukqIHfhl= urKhg m;a
jqjfyd;a NsCIqjg weje;la ke;' fufia lsÍfuka fudyq
urKhg m;a fj;eZhs lshd fkd ±k lrk fohska
ukqIHurKhla isÿ jqj o NsCIqjg weje;la fkd fõ'
WÞyrKhla f,i NsCIqjg úI fh¥ wdydrhla fjk;a
wfhl=f.ka ,efnhs' tys úI fhdÞ we;s nj fkd ±k NsCIqj
tu wdydrh fjk;a NsCIqjlg oka fohs' th wdydrhg .;a
- 20 -
NsCIqj urKhg m;a jqj;a th ÿka NsCIqj tys úI we;s nj
fkd o;a ksid;a urK woyila ke;s ksid;a weje;a fkd fõ'
tfia u wY=Ñ iy i÷ka fjka l< fkd yels ;rug Wu;=
jQjyq o ^hfCIdakaudofhka fmf<kakyq yd ±ä fõokdfjka
fmf<kakyq o& uq,ska u jro l< úYd,d uykqjr jeis
NsCIQyq o mdrdðld fkd fj;s'YS,fhys wdksixi kqj‚ka olakd ie±ye;s NsCIqj
nqÿiiqfkys yd meúoafoys ÿ¾,N nj jgyd f.k Èúysñfhka
f;jk mdrdðldjg m;a fkd ùug wÈgka lr .; hq;= h' th
iq.;shg yd ksjkg u`. fõ'
- 21 -
(4) isjqjk mdrdðldj
—hï NsCIqjla ;ud ;=< ke;s OHdk$iudm;a;s$ud¾.-
M,dÈ W;a;ßukqIHO¾u ^idudkH ukqIHO¾uhkag jvd
Wiia jQ O¾u&" ;ud ;=< we;s nj ±laùfï woyiska hq;= j
wêudkfhka f;dr j ;ud lshk foa jegfyk wfkfll=g
mjihs o fyf;u mrdð; jQfha NsCIQka yd ixjdi ke;af;la
fjhs'˜
NsCIqjla ±k ±k fndre lSu flfiaj;a fkd l< hq;=
jqj o mdrdðld jkafka wêudkfhka f;dr j ;ud ;=< ke;s
OHdk$iudm;a;s$ud¾.-M, O¾u ;ud ;=< we;eZhs lshd
fndre lSfuka mu‚' fuys § mdrdðld ùug m%udKj;a
jkqfha wêudkfhka f;dr j lshk fndrej h' zwêudkhZ
kï OHdk$iudm;a;s$ud¾.-M, fkd ,nd u tu Wiia O¾u
;ud ,nd we;eZhs lshd uq<d ù isàu hs' fuu uq<dj
fida;dmkakdÈ ud¾.M,,dNSkag flfiaj;a we;s fkd fõ'
tfia u mdrdðld jQ ÿis,a mqoa.,fhl=g o" OHdk$ud¾.-M,
,eîfï wdYdjla" wfmaCIdjla ke;s wfhl=g o wêudkh
we;s fkd fõ' wêudkh we;s jkqfha is,aj;a j iu:-
úo¾Ykd Ndjkdjkays kshqla; mD:.ackhkag u h' ;ud ;=<
ke;s OHdk$iudê$iudm;a;s$ud¾.-M, wdÈh ;ud ;=< we;s
nj wêudkfhka f;dr j hful= mjikafka ckhdf.a
meye§u" wdl¾IKh ;ud fj;g fhduq lr f.k
,dNi;aldrdÈh ,eîfï ,dul woyisks' tksid tn÷
;eke;a;d fï f,dalfhys isák uyfidre miafokdf.ka
tla wfhl= nj nqÿrcdKka jykafia jÞrd we;' ;ud ;=<
;sfnk OHdk$ud¾.-M, wdÈhla ms<sn| j jqj;a Wmiïmkak
- 22 -
NsCIqjl úiska mejish hq;af;a Wmiïmkak NsCIQkag mu‚'
fkd tfia j" ;ud ;=< i;H jYfhka ;sfnkakd jQ
OHdk$ud¾.-M, wkqmiïmkakhkag mjik NsCIqj
mdÑ;a;sh wdm;a;shg m;a fõ'
zukqIHO¾uZ f,iska woyia flfrkafka
oil=i,l¾u hs' tu oil=i,l¾u blaujd hk idudkH
ukqIHhkag jvd Wiia jQ OHdk,dNSkaf.a fuka u wd¾hhka
jykafia,df.a o wê.u-O¾u zW;a;ßukqiaiOïuZ kñka
ye¢kafõ' tajd kï"
1) OHdk -m%:u - oaú;Sh - ;D;Sh - p;=¾: hk OHdk
^f,!lsl fuka u f,daflda;a;r fyj;a
ud¾.-M, iïm%hqla; ish¨ OHdk&
2) úfudaCI -iq[a[;-wksñ;a;-wmamKays; hk ;%súO
úfudaCI
3) iudê -iq[a[;-wksñ;a;-wmam‚ys; hk ;%súO
iudê
4) iudm;a;s -iq[a[;-wksñ;a;-wmam‚ys; hk ;%súO
iudm;a;s ̂M,iudm;a;s&
5) ×ko¾Yk -mqífí ksjdidkqiai;sØK" ÈínplaLqØK
iy wdijlaLhØK hk ;%súoHd
6) ud._Ndjkd-i;r i;smÜGdk" i;r iuHlam%Odkù¾hh"
i;r Roaêmdo" m[ap-bJøsh" m[ap-n,"
ima;-fndaOHdÙ." wd¾h-wIagdÙ.slud¾.h
hk fndaêmdCIsl O¾u" f,daflda;a;r i;r
ud¾.hkaf.a jeãu'
- 23 -
7) M, idCId;a lsÍu -fida;dm;a;s M,h - ilÞ.dó M,h
-wkd.dó M,h - w¾y;a M,h
idCId;a lsÍu'
8) is; kSjrKhkaf.ka -rd.fhka - o afõIfhka -
ñ§u fudayfhka is; fkd jefik nj
9) Y+kHd.drfhys is; -m%:u - oaú;Sh - ;D;Sh -
we,Su p;=¾: hk OHdkhkaf.ka
Y+kHd.drfhys is; wef,k nj'
fuu f,!l sl j Q; a f,d afld a; a;r j Q; a
W;a;ßukqIHO¾u fuka u ksj_dKdjfndaOh o ;ud ;=<
ke;s j wêudkfhka o f;drj fndrejg ;ud ;=< tu O¾u
we;eZhs lshd" mejiQ ie‚ka weiQ lreK jegfyk
ukqIHfhl=g lSfuka ta ukqIHhd o weiQ iekska lS lreK
jgyd f.k ms<s.ekSfuka NsËqj mdrdðld fõ'fï wkqj isjqjk mdrdðld wdm;a;shg m;a ùu
iïnkaOfhka wx. myla iïmQ¾K úh hq;= h'
1. OHdk wdÈ W;a;ßukqIHO¾u ;ud ;=< ke;s ùu'2. ,dul wdYdfjka hq;= j ^tkï" ;ud ;=< ke;s .=K
olajd ,dNi;aldrdÈh ,eîfï woyiska hq;= j&
wfkfll=g lSu'3. jl%dldr j fkdj ;ud .ek u olajñka iDcq j woyi
lSu'^WÞyrKhla f,i —Tnf.a úydrfhys jik NËqj
ud¾.M,,dNsfhls ˜hkqfjka ta NsËqj úiska
ñksfil=g lSu jl% j lSuls ' —uu ilDÞ.dó M,hg
m;a j isáñ˜ hs lSu iDcq j lSuls' mdrdcsld jkafka
- 24 -
tfia iDcq f,i ;ud ;=< ke;s W;a;ßukqIHO¾u .ek
lSfuks'&4. wikakd ñksfil= ùu'5. woyi mjid ksu ùu;a iu`. u wikakdg th jegySu'
tksid NsËqjla i;rjk mdrdðldjg m;a jkqfha
fuu wx. ish,a, iïmQ¾K ùfuka mu‚' NsËqj lS foa
wikakdg tflfKysu jegyqfka ke;s kï" NsËqj mdrdðld
fkd jk w;r :q,a,Éph wdm;a;s ̂ foaYkd.dó wdm;a;s w;r
f,dl= u jro& isÿ fõ' tfia u —hï NsËqjla Tn,df.a
úydrfhys jihs o t;=uka jykafia m%:uOHdk ,dNsfhls"
tfia u ilDod.dó h˜ hkdÈ jYfhka z;udZ h hs iDcq j
fkd mjid jl%dldr j mjik NsËqj o mdrdðld fkd fõ'
tfy;a :q,a,Éph wdm;a;shg m;afõ' OHdk$ud¾.$M, wdÈh
;ud ;=< we;eZhs lshd uq<d ù wêudkfhka mjik NsËqjg
wdm;a;shla ke;' tfia u zW,a,mkZ woyila ke;s NsËqjg
^tkï" W;a;ßukqIHO¾u ;ud ;=< ke;s NsËqjla
W;a;ßukqIHO¾u m%ldY lsÍfï woyila ke;s j l:d lrK
úg W;a;ßukqIHO¾u m%ldY jqj o& wdm;a;shla ke;'
tfia u Wkau;a;lhdg o hËdfõYjQjyqg o n,j;a
fõokdjlska fmf<kakyqg o weje;a ke;' tfia u uq,ska u
jro l< j.a.=uqÞ;Sßh NsËQkag o mdrdðld weje;a ke;' YS,fhys wdksixi kqjKska olakd ie±ye;s NsËqj
nqÿiiqfkys yd meúofoys ÿ¾,N nj jgyd f.k Èúysñfhka
isjqjk mdrdðldjg m;a fkd ùug wÈgka lr .; hq;= h'
- 25 -
(5) iQúis mdrdðld
fuf;lska mdrdðlmd<sfhys ±lafjk NsËQkag wÞ<
i;r mdrdðld olajk ,oafoa jqj o mdrdðld jQ mqoa.,hka
f,i ±laúh yels iQúisfofkl= ^24& ms<sn| j
iuka;mdidÈld kï jQ úkhÜGl:dfõ 336 msgqfjys
i|yka fõ'
ta fufia hs'
1. fï:qkOïu ̂ffu:qkfiajk& mdrdðldj'2. wÈkakdÞk ̂fidrlï lsÍu& mdrdðldj'3. ukqiaiú.a.y ̂ukqIH>d;k& mdrdðldj'4. W;a;ßukqiaiOïu ^;ud ;=< ke;s W;a;ßukqIHO¾u
lSfï& mdrdðldj'
*NsËQkag idOdrK fkd jQ NsËQŒkag muKla wÞ<
mdrdðld i;r'5. WíNcdkquKav,sl ̂yl=weáka my< o‚ka by< isrer
iam¾Y lsÍfï& mdrdðldj'6. jÊcmáÉPdÈl ̂jro ieÕùfï& mdrdðldj'7. WCÅ;a;dkqj;a;sl ̂WËsma;dkqj¾;l& mdrdðldj'8. wÜGj†ql ̂wIagjia;=l& mdrdðldj'
* 9-14 mqoa.,hkag iaj¾.h jdß; ke;' fudaËh jdß; h'9. mKavl - Wm;ska fyda fldaI bj;a lsÍfuka ,sÙ.
úl, jQ mqoa.,hd'10.;srÉPdk.; - ;sßika Wm;la we;s mqoa.,hd'11.WNf;daNH[ckl - ia;%S mqreI hk ,sÙ. fol u msysá
mqoa.,hd'
- 26 -
12.f:hHixjdil - ;ud u isjqre fmdrjd f.k fydfrka uyK ù NsËQka w;r isák mqoa.,hd'
13.;sFÓhmlalka;l - wkH;S¾;l ^wkHd.ñl& meúoao ,nd.;a WmiïmÞ NsËqj'
14.NsCLqŒ¥il - NsËqŒka ¥IKh l< mqoa.,hd'
* 15-19 mqoa.,hkag iaj¾. $ fudaË fol u jdß; h'15.ud;=>d;l - ujq uerE mqoa.,hd'16.ms;=>d;l - mshd uerE mqoa.,hd'17.wryka;>d;l - ry;=ka uerE mqoa.,hd'18.reysremamdol - ÿIag is;ska nqÿrcqkaf.a isrefrys f,a
fi,jQ mqoa.,hd'19.iÙ>fNaol - iu.s iÙ>hd fNao l< NsËqj'
20..sys njg m;a jkq leue;af;ka .sys we÷ï we|.;a NsËq‚h'
*wkqf,dï mdrdðld'21.,ïî - ;udf.a u .=oud¾.fhys m%fõY l< yels ;rï
È.= jQ t,af,k mqreI,sÙ.hla we;s WmiïmÞ NsËqj tfia lsÍfuka'
22.uqÿmsÜÀl - ;udf.a uqúka ;u mqreI,sÙ.h .; yels jk f,i myiqfjka msg keñh yels WmiïmÞ NsËqj tfia lsÍfuka'
23.mriai wÙ.cd;x uqfÄk .Kayd;s - fjk;a flfkl=f.a mqreI,sÙ.h ;udf.a uqúka .kakd WmiïmÞ NsËqj'
24.mriai wÙ.cdf;a wNsksiSo;s - fjk;a flfkl=f.a mqreI,sÙ.h ;udf.a .=oud¾.hg m%fõY lsÍu bjik WmiïmÞ NsËqj'
- 27 -
fï:qkOïu mdrdðldjg wkqf,daï jk neúka 21" 22"
23" 24 wxlj, ±lafjk lreKq i;r zwkqf,dau mdrdðldZ
kñka ye¢kafõ' tneúka tu 21" 22" 23" 24 wxlj,ska
±lafjk mqoa.,hka i;r fokd o mdrdðld wdm;a;shg m;a
mqoa.,hka nj ie,lsh hq;= h' tksid wêYS,iXHd;
Wmiïmod YS,h ysñ lr .;a ,ÊÔ NsËQyq Èúysñfhka fuu
iQúis-mdrdðldjkag m;a fkd ùug" bka je<lS isàug
wÈgka lr;ajd!
- 28 -
(6) mdrdðld-wdm;a;shg m;ajqjfyd;a l=ula l< hq;= o@
;ud mdrdðld wdm;a;shg m;a jQ njg ielhla we;s
jqjfyd;a ta ms<sn| j le,öug m;a fkd ù m<uq j úkhOr
NsCIqjl fj; f.dia ;ud isÿ l< jro ms<sn| j wjÙl j
újD; j fy<s l< hq;= h' mdrdðld i;r w;ßka m%:u
mdrdðldj ^ffu:qk-fiajk& iy isjqjk mdrdðldj ^;ud
;=< ke;s W;a;ßukqIHO¾u lSu& úksYaph lsÍu myiq h'
fojk mdrdðldj ^wÈkakdÞk& iy f;jk mdrdðldj
^ukqIH>d;k& mdrdðldj ishqï jk w;r b;d iq¿
lreKlska mdrdðld ùu;a fkd ùu;a isÿ úh yels neúka
tn÷ mdrdðldjla iïnkaOfhka úkhOr f;rjreka
fo;=kakulf.ka u úksYaph ,nd f.k tu úksYaph fm<"
wÜGl:d" àld yd iu`. wkqf,dï jk$fkd jk whqre o
ukd j ii\ n,d u ks.ukhlg meñ‚h hq;= h' tfia
úkhOrhka jykafia,d úiska lreKq i,ld n,k úg ;ud
mrdð; ù we;s nj ^mdrðld jQ nj& úkhdkql+, j ;yjqre
fõ kï" fkd mud j idufKar njg fyda .sys njg m;a úh
hq;= h' mdrdðld jQ NsCIqjg ;j ÿrg;a tfia isàu fndfyda
wl=i,a jeãug fya;= jk w;r thska iiqkg o uy;a jQ
wk¾:hla isÿ fõ' mdrdðld jQ NsCIqj" idufKar fyda .sys
njg fyda m;a fkd ù ÿYaYS, j tfia u isàfuka iu:-
úo¾Ykd Ndjkd ÈhqKqjla fyda u`.-M, ksjkaiqj ,eîula
fyda tu Ôú;h ;=< isÿ fkd fõ' we;eï úg ur‚ka u;=
ksrhg jqj o hdug isÿ fõ'
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—l=fida h:d ÿ.a.ysf;da - yF:fïjdkqlka;;s"
idu[a[x ÿmamrduÜGx - ksrhdhqmlâV;s'˜^foajmq;a;ixhq;a;h-92 msgqj&
—l=i;K jrojd we,aÆ úg w; lefmkafka hï fia o
tfia u jrojd lrk ,o uyKlu" ta mqoa.,hdj ksrhg weo
ouhs'˜
fuf,i mdrdðld wdm;a;Skag m;a j ÿYaYS, j Bg
ms<shï fkd lr isàu ksjk foig fkdj ksrh foig
myiqfjka hd yels u`.ls' mdrdðld wdm;a;Skag m;a ù
ksy`v j i`.jd f.k isák NsCIqj úm;a i,ikafka ;udg
muKla fkd fõ' Tyq ;j;a fndfyda fofkl=;a uq¿ uy;a
nqÿiiqk;a úkdY lrhs' ztla w,Êðfhla ;j;a w,ÊÔka
^mdmhg" jrog ,Êcd ke;shjqka& ishhla oyila jqj o we;s
lrkafka hZ hkq m%isoaO wÜGl:d mdGhls' Tyq nqÿiiqkg isÿ
lrk wk¾:h ieflúka fufia h'
1. mdrdðld jQ NsCIqjla WmdOHdh j flfkl= meúÈ
lf<a o irKis,a ÿkafka o Tyqg meúoao fkd msysghs'2. mdrdðld jQ NsCIqjla l¾udpd¾h j fyj;a l¾ujdlH
lshd idufKarfhl= WmiïmÞ l<fyd;a Tyqg
WmiïmÞj fkd msysghs' ^WmiïmÞ úkl¾uhl §
zl¾udpd¾hZ NsCIQyq wju jYfhka i;r mdrdðld /l
.;a NsCIQyq úh hq;a;dy' ke;fyd;a lshk l¾ujdlH
isoaêhg m;a fkd fõ'&3. mdrdðld jQ NsCIqj l¾ujdlH lshd isÿ lrk lsisÿ
úkhl¾uhla isoaêhg m;a fkd fõ'
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4. mdrdðld jQ NsCIqj .KmQrKh fldg tkï" miajekshd
fldg isÿ lrk m%;Hka; foaYfha WmiïmÞ
úkhl¾uh o mdrdðld jQ NsCIqj .KmQrKh fldg
tkï" oijekshd fldg isÿ lrk uOHfoaYfha
WmiïmÞ úkhl¾uh o tfia u mdrdðld jQ NsCIqj
úisjekshd fldg isÿ lrk wíNdk úkhl¾uh o
mdrdðld jQ NsCIqjf.a .KmQrKfhka isÿ lrk fiiq
p;=j¾. wdÈ úkhl¾u o wvd< fõ' isoaêhg m;a
fkd fõ'
tksid mdrdðld ù th i`.jd f.k lghq;= lsÍu
iiqkg uy;a jQ úm;ls' úydrdêm;slï" fjk;a ;k;=re
wdÈh w;ayeÍug ,Êcd fjñka mdrdðld ù ksy`v j fkd isg
wjÙl j" ksy;udkS j idufKar njg m;a ùu fyda .sys njg
m;a ùu mdrdðld jQjyqg ;sfnk tl u ms<shu hs;
ms<sirK hs' tksid ish¨ Wmiïmkak NsCIQyq ;udf.a Èú
fojeks fldg W;=ï WmiïmÞYS, /l .ekSug;a lsisÿ
fya;=jlska mdrdðld fkd ù YS,h /l f.k iq.;shg-
ksjkg m;a ùug;a wÈgka lr .ks;ajd!
idOq! idOq!! idOq!!!
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