Multi-Site Soil-Structure-Foundation Interaction Test (MISST)

PI: Bill Spencer, Illinois

Co-PIs: Amr Elnashai, Dan Kuchma, Illinois

Jim Ricles, Richard Sause, Lehigh

Tarek Abdoun, Ricardo Dobry, RPI

Researcher/Personnel: Sung Jig Kim, Curtis Holub, Naru Nakata, Hassan Radwan, Tommy Marullo, Sogata Roy

Overview

Pre-NEES R MISST; funding $30k per site, $90k total Project is a demo that has the objective:

To provide a realistic test bed application with which to verify and extend all components of NEESgrid as well as all components of the sites taking part in the distributed simulation

Basis

Communication between modules conducted through NTCP Advanced analytical geotechnical modeling under dynamic loading Advanced analytical structural modeling under dynamic loading Advanced structural testing using multi-degrees-of-freedom testing facilities

Tested Structure

Soil & FoundationModule

(OpenSees)

UIUI--SIMCORSIMCOR

Structural Module(Zeus-NL)

Experiment

Dis

p.

Fo

rce

Tested StructureTested Structure

Soil & FoundationModule

(OpenSees)

UIUI--SIMCORSIMCOR

Structural Module(Zeus-NL)

Experiment

Dis

p.

Fo

rce

Aspect of the Simulation

UI-SIMCOR Design Concept

Hybrid simulation: Integration of

analysis and experiments

Interoperability of modules: Number

of experimental sites, analytical

modules, and their role in the PSD

test are not restricted.

NEESgrid compatibility: Data

communication through NEES Tele-

Operations Control Protocol (NTCP)

UI-SIMCOR

MUST-SIM Facility, UIUC

UI-SIMCOR Design Concept

Hybrid simulation: Integration of

analysis and experiments

Interoperability of modules: Number

of experimental sites, analytical

modules, and their role in the PSD

test are not restricted.

NEESgrid compatibility: Data

communication through NEES Tele-

Operations Control Protocol (NTCP) UIUC

Lehigh

UI-SIMCOR

FEDEASLab

Experiment

User defined Matlab functions via API

FEDEAS Lab

UI-SIMCOR Design Concept

NEESgrid compatibility: Data

communication through NEES Tele-

Operations Control Protocol (NTCP)

UI-SIMCOR

Courtesy of NEESit

Updated protocols can be

readily integrated into

framework if API is maintained

http://mae.cee.uiuc.edu/

Objectives

Connect three sites on line and run a structural-geotehcnical system that demonstrates the potential of NEES to investigate systems that could not be studied before

Harden simulation coordination software UI-SIMCOR and refine its capabilities

Secondary: Demonstrate that complex shear failure modes observed in the field (in this case, on the C-D 36, part of the I-10 Santa Monica Freeway in LA damaged by the 17 January 1994 Northirdge earthquake) can be duplicated in the NEES hybrid simulation environment

Three Site Five Component Distributed Hybrid Bridge System

MISST Test Structure

The MISST structure is based on the Collector-Distributor 36 of the I-10 Santa Monica Freeway – Damaged during the 17 January 1994 Northridge Earthquake

Idealization of the original structure:– To utilize current NEES experimental facilities and for simplification– Large-scale NEES facilities of both UIUC and Lehigh University – Geotechnical modeling at RPI

La

Cie

ne

ga

Bv

ld.

S V

enic

e B

vld

Piers

N V

enic

e B

vld.

La

Cie

ne

ga

Bv

ld.

S V

enic

e B

vld

Piers

N V

enic

e B

vld.

GM Direction

27.215 m 23.700 m 32.260 m 30.795 m

6.085 m6.575 m 6.085 m124.8 kN/(m/sec2)

233.6 kN/(m/sec2) 256.7 kN/(m/sec2) 289.2 kN/(m/sec2)

141.3 kN/(m/sec2)

12 3 4

5

6 7

2288.8 kN 2515.6 kN 2834.6 kN

GM DirectionGM Direction

27.215 m 23.700 m 32.260 m 30.795 m

6.085 m6.575 m 6.085 m124.8 kN/(m/sec2)

233.6 kN/(m/sec2) 256.7 kN/(m/sec2) 289.2 kN/(m/sec2)

141.3 kN/(m/sec2)

12 3 4

5

6 7

2288.8 kN 2515.6 kN 2834.6 kN

Zeus-NL

UI-SIMCORUIUC

Lehigh

RPI OpenSees

Multi-Site Simulation System

NEESgridNEESgrid

Simulation Approach

Configuration of MISST

Experimental Setup

UIUC Lehigh

Input Motions and Test Sequence

Santa Monica City Hall Grounds – PGA=0.37g– Small Amplitude Test: 998 steps (4.99 sec)– Large Amplitude Test: 2354 steps (11.42 sec)

Newhall Fire – PGA=0.583g– Final (failure) Test: 1210 steps (6.05 sec)

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20-0.4

-0.3

-0.2

-0.1

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4EQ: Northridge, Station: santa, Component: Hor

Time (sec)

Ac

ce

lera

tio

n (

g)

PGA: 0.370 (g)

Northridge Earthquake Records

Santa Monica Station Newhall Fire Station

-0.6

-0.4

-0.2

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Time (sec)

Acc

eler

atio

n (

g)

PGA: 0.583g

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Step

Lat

eral

Dis

pl

(in

)

PredictionExperiment

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Step

Lat

eral

Dis

pl

(in

)

PredictionExperiment

Final Test Results

Comparison with analytical prediction

Significant Shear Crack Failure Second Failure

UIUC Lehigh UIUC Lehigh UIUC

Step 727 948 941 954 1208

Displ. X (in) 1.222 1.942 1.605 2.142 2.468

Force X (kips) 111.47 124.48 124.19 95.24 98.83

Comparison between UIUC and Lehigh piers

UIUC

Lehigh

Lateral Force - UIUC

Load-sharing between UIUC and Lehigh During Testing

UIUC

Lehigh

-140-120-100

-80-60-40-20

020406080

100120140

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Step

Fo

rce

X (

Kip

s)

-140-120-100

-80-60-40-20

020406080

100120140

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Step

Fo

rce

X (

Kip

s)

-140-120-100

-80-60-40-20

020406080

100120140

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Step

Fo

rce

X (

Kip

s)

-140-120-100

-80-60-40-20

020406080

100120140

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Step

Fo

rce

X (

Kip

s)

Synchronized Still Image Cameras

High Resolution Video

Failure Modes

LehighUIUC

Illinois and Lehigh

Conclusions

The multi-site test of three sites, UIUC, Lehigh and RPI, for a five-component hybrid (testing-analysis) system was conducted successfully using UI-SimCor as a simulation coordinator.

The redistribution of forces between the two sites with bridge piers as either of the two suffered partial failure shows that full interaction was taking place between the distant sites, at each time step.

The failure modes obtained are similar to those observed in the Northridge earthquake, thus opening the door to formulating design and retrofitting approaches to avoid such failures in the future.

Three Site Distributed Hybrid Bridge System