GRAD:Graduation with Resilience to Achieve

Sustainable Development

Enhanced Livelihood Options of Chronically Food Insecure Households in Highland

Areas 14 November 2012

Helping the poor in rural Ethiopia graduate from Productive Safety Net Program

By: Nicholas Nyathi (SNV-CCU)

Moving to food sufficiency and food security

• HHs able to earn income to meet their daily needs

• HHs organized and strengthened to exploit available opportunities

• Input and Output market infrastructure built

• Barriers to financial markets reduced-gender

• Demand and market oriented extension services strengthened

GRAD

Goal and Objectives

GOAL

Work with 65K PSNPHHs & 10K Model Farmers

Assets increased, HH income raised by $365/yr. Resiliency enhanced

Graduate 50KPSNP HHs from 16 Woredas, 4 Regions

Objectives/Results

Enhance Livelihood Options for CFI Households in Highland Areas

Strengthen Enabling Environment to Promote Scale and Sustainability

Improve Household and Community Resilience

1. On- and off-farm economic opportunities, inclusive value chains and market access stimulated

2. An inclusive financial sector promoted and access to a range of financial products and services expanded

3. Extension services upgraded

1. Women’s resilience and access to inputs, services and information increased

2. Nutritional status of infants, children and reproductive age women improved

3. Climate change adaptation improved4. Aspirations for graduation promoted,

and enablers of graduation enhanced

1. Collaboration among stakeholders consolidated to promote joint learning and scale up

2. Enabling environment improved

3. Evaluation, learning and sharing GRAD

GRAD Causal ModelGRAD Causal Model

GRAD

CRI F C P

GRAD VCD Push and Pull Approach

Sector InterventionsService Provision Multi Actor Processes

‘PUSH’-strategies:Facilitate access to finance, technology, assets.

Provide capacity building

Extension services

‘PULL’-strategies:Market intelligence/informationDirect Business SupportPrivate sector engagementBusiness2BusinessMarket linkagesPromotion of pre and post harvest technologies

Reliable OutletsMarket IntelligenceEmbedded Services

OpportunitiesMarket Intelligence

External Environmental Factors

GRAD

Push and Pull strategies Push

• Increase access to productive assets,

• increase production, • improve productivity and quality, • Assist beneficiaries to aggregate • Facilitate access to financial

products and services through VSLA and MFIs,

• Strengthen the farmers’ value positioning by improving farmer competitiveness,

• Facilitate farmers organisation to form functional marketing groups

• Facilitate technical training

Pull• Facilitate linkages between the

producers and private sector, • Facilitate private sector to provide

embedded services, e.g. appropriate technologies, market information and technical services

• Promote transparency and standardization in transactions (contractual agreements),

• Promoting dialogue among stakeholders with private sector involvement being the catalytic factor,

• Build mutual relationships based on Trust

• Enhancing technical skills and knowledge of both demand and supply side of market edge

GRAD

Food secure

(6,000 HHS)

(Deepen resiliency)

•Organize into Marketing Cooperatives•Training on product quality and market requirements•Linkage with formal financial service providers•Market linkage with high value markets

Food Sufficient (4,000 HHS)

(Accumulate assets, manage risks better)

•Transition PMAs to marketing cooperatives or SMEs, diversify income•Linkage with formal financial service providers for savings, bigger loan and insurance •Linkage with private sector to provide embedded services• Access to market information •Support groups to engage in value addition business•Strengthen extension services

Chronically Food Insecure

( 58,500HHs)

(Increase Income)

•Technical training on production to increase productivity•Support on- and off-farm enterprise selection•Access to loan to engage in VC through MFIs and RUSACCOs ( individually/ group)•Training on Business skill and business planning•Linkage with input suppliers •Access to technology and inputs•Strengthen/establish PMAs linkage with private sector to provide embedded services•Access to market information •Strengthen extension services •Awareness raising on gender, nutrition , climate change and graduation

Ultra Poor

(6,500 HHS)

(Provide productive skills and assets)

•Training on simple business skill and financial literacy•Group formation/ strengthening•Promote saving and internal lending•Asset transfer

GRAD Pull/Push Services Delivered

GRAD

GRAD

• Value Chain selection

• VC analysis

• VC validation

• MSP• CBA and

Investment plans

• Private sector involvement

Economic Opportunities

Decision Matrix – Multiple criteriaCriteria Weight Commodity X Commodity Y Commodity Z

Score Total value

Score Total Value

Score Total value

Economic

Market Demand Potential

Value Addition Potential

Potential for improved productivity and quality

Mandatory

Potential to involve more SHF

Contribution to Gender Equality

Strategic

Dynamism of chain actors

Potential for scale-up

Total

Score 1-10 GRAD

Farmers collectives

GRAD

Designing and facilitating MSPs

GRAD

Basic collaboration conditionsBasic collaboration conditions

Theoretical Model

..

Collaborative Variables

Embeddedness

Involvement Access to capital

Access to technology

Access to markets

Access to information

MSP VCD

C O N T E X T

Access to inputs

B2B

Kn

ow

led

ge D

evelo

pm

en

tK

now

led

ge D

evelo

pm

en

t

GRAD

Value Chain Intervention Areas

Honey value chain: Livestock small ruminants

Haricot beans Horticulture

1. Colony multiplication,

2. Bee forage3. Appropriate

technology such as transitional bee hives

4. Wax5. Adulteration and

crop chemical use

6. Market linkages7. Producer

groups strengthening

1. Feed technologies

2. Quality improvement

3. Market linkages4. Producer

groups strengthening

 

1. Seed multiplication

2. New trading system, ECX

3. Quality and grading

4. Producer group strengthening

5. Pre and postharvest technologies

 

1. Seed multiplication

2. Pre and postharvest technologies

3. Producer group strengthening

4. Local actors coordination

 

MS

P F

ac

ilitato

rs

VC

Sta

ke

ho

lde

rs

Tim

e

SustainabilityDevelopment Process

Define roles

Vision

Outputs

Outputs

Outputs

Implementation

Monitoring and EvaluationDefine impact

indicators

Outputs

Outcomes

Impact

Outcomes

Outcomes

Impact

MSP 2

MSP3

MSP 4

MSP 5

GRAD

PSNP plus/GRAD Results Increased participation in value chain and sector

meetings at national, regional and district levels. Improved identification of bottlenecks and

requirements for the development of the value chains Improved awareness of issues for development Improved coordination of VC activities Improved information sharing and collective learning Improved efficiency and competitiveness in different

value chains segments and functions Improved local and national advocacy and lobby for

effective policies for economic inclusion Improved service provision both public and private Improved ownership of VCD process by local

stakeholders

GRAD

Challenges

• Sustainability

• Consistent representation

• Balancing self interests

• Strong private sector participation

GRAD

THANK YOU

GRAD