multicultural china: a statistical yearbook (2014)

Current Chinese Economic Report Series

Multicultural China

Rongxing Guo · Uradyn E. BulagMichael A. Crang · Thomas HebererEui-Gak Hwang · James A. MillwardMorris Rossabi · Gerard A. PostiglioneChih-yu Shih · Nicholas TappLuc Changlei Guo Editors

A Statistical Yearbook (2014)

Current Chinese Economic Report Series

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11028

http://www.springer.com/series/11028

Rongxing Guo • Uradyn E. BulagMichael A. Crang • Thomas HebererEui-Gak Hwang • James A. MillwardMorris Rossabi • Gerard A. PostiglioneChih-yu Shih • Nicholas TappLuc Changlei GuoEditors

Multicultural ChinaA Statistical Yearbook (2014)

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EditorsRongxing GuoPeking University Regional Science

Association of ChinaBeijingChina

Uradyn E. BulagUniversity of CambridgeCambridge, CambridgeshireUK

Michael A. CrangDepartment of GeographyDurham UniversityDurhamUK

Thomas HebererUniversität Duisburg-EssenDuisburgGermany

Eui-Gak HwangKorea UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

James A. MillwardDepartment of HistoryGeorgetown UniversityWashington, DCUSA

Morris RossabiWeatherhead East Asian InstituteColumbia UniversityNew York, NYUSA

Gerard A. PostiglioneFaculty of EducationThe University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong SAR

Chih-yu ShihDepartment of Political ScienceNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan

Nicholas TappANU College of Asia and the PacificAustralian National UniversityCanberra, ACTAustralia

Luc Changlei GuoBeijingChina

ISSN 2194-7937 ISSN 2194-7945 (electronic)ISBN 978-3-662-44112-1 ISBN 978-3-662-44113-8 (eBook)

DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-44113-8

Library of Congress Control Number: 2014945099

Springer Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London

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Preface

The objective of this book is to collect and estimate a set of data on the socio-economic situations of China’s 56 ethnic groups.

Although the majority of China’s population is of the Han nationality (whichaccounts for more than 90 % of China’s population), the non-Han ethnic groupshave a population of more than 100 million. China has officially identified, exceptfor other unknown ethnic groups and foreigners with Chinese citizenship, 55ethnic minorities. In addition, ethnic minorities vary greatly in size. With a pop-ulation of more than 15 million, the Zhuang are the largest ethnic minority, and theLhoba, with a population of only about 3,000, the smallest.

China’s ethnic diversity has resulted in a special socioeconomic landscape forChina itself. However, till present, a complete socioeconomic picture of China’sethnic groups—especially of its smallest ethnic minorities—still remains unclear.How different have been China’s ethnic groups in every sphere of daily life andeconomic development during China’s fast transition period? In order to answerthese questions, we need a detailed and comparable set of data for each of China’sethnic groups.

There has not been any official statement of China’s socioeconomic develop-ment from a multiethnic dimension. The only official data released can be found inChina Ethnic Statistical Yearbook (released by the State Ethnic Affairs Com-mission of the People’s Republic of China since 1994). However, as the aboveYearbook has only reported the socioeconomic statistics for the minority-basedautonomous areas, a complete set of China’s multiethnic data cannot be derivedfrom it. For instance, only five provincial level minority-based autonomousregions (i.e., Inner Mongolia, Tibet, the Zhuang-based Guangxi, the Hui-basedNingxia, and the Uygur-based Xinjiang) and 30 ethnic minority autonomousdivisions at prefecture-level and 120 ethnic minority autonomous divisions atcounty-level—all of the latter cover China’s 16 provinces, three autonomousregions and one municipality directly under the central government—are includedin this Yearbook. The entire minority-based autonomous areas, however, accountfor only less than a half of their total population of the ethnic minorities (seeAppendix B for details). This means that Han Chinese has now become the

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majority of many, if not all of the above minority-based autonomous areas. Inaddition, still quite a few of non-Han minority people are found in the Han-basedadministrative areas (see Appendix A for details)—the breakdowns of theirsocioeconomic data have never been mentioned in China’s existing statisticalreports.

Another reason why the data of an ethnic minority autonomous area should notrepresent those of that ethnic people stems from two facts in China: first, thereusually exist two or more ethnic peoples in each ethnic minority autonomous area;second, each ethnic group is usually included geographically in at least twoadministrative divisions (provinces, prefectures, counties, and others). Forinstance, according to the composition of population, the Mongol people have nowbecome a true minority in Inner Mongolia, hometown of the ethnic Mongols, as aresult of the large-scale Han immigration during the twentieth century.

vi Preface

Organization of this Book

This book sets out to present, in an easy-to-use format, a broad collection of socialand economic indicators on China’s 56 ethnic groups. It is a resource book thatprofiles the general social and economic situations for each of these ethnic groups.This book is organized as follows.

This book contains nine chapters. Chapter 1 presents a short introduction toeach of China’s 56 ethnic groups. In the remaining chapters the data on eachethnic group’s macroeconomic conditions (Chap. 2), population and labor force(Chap. 3), employment and wages (Chap. 4), people’s livelihood (Chap. 5), socialproduction and rural economy (Chap. 6), education and science and technology(Chap. 7), public health and social security (Chap. 8), and culture and sports(Chap. 9) are reported.

In this book, data are presented on an ethnic group-by-ethnic group basis, andthe ethnic groups are ordered alphabetically, from the Achang to the Zhuang.Though most of the data are as of 2011—the latest year when our research wasconducted, we also provide some historical data for a few of indicators. This isintended to help readers to conduct time-series comparisons and analyses.

There are three appendices. Appendix A provides ethnic populations of 31provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities and of China as a whole, whichare derived from China’s two recent national population censuses (2000 and 2010).In Appendix B the administrative and demographic statistics of the minority-basedadministrative divisions at different levels (including autonomous regions as thefirst-class administrative divisions; cities, prefectures, and autonomous prefecturesas the second-class administrative divisions; and cities, counties, autonomouscounties, and banners (Qi) as the third-class administrative divisions) arepresented. At last, Appendix C provides selected indicators on the social andeconomic development of ethnic minority autonomous areas.

At the end of this book, there is a glossary including some explanatory notes onthe main statistical indicators reported in this book.

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Acknowledgments

It is a challenging task for us to prepare the statistical data that cover various fieldsof all ethnic groups in China. The major obstacle is that China has not establishedany ethnically oriented statistical reporting or surveying system. During theprocess when this research was conducted, we have received generous help fromthe following organizations:

• Association of Power Generation Enterprises of China (APGE)• China Mobile Corp. Ltd.• China Telecom Corp. Ltd.• China Unicom Corp. Ltd.• Department of Financial Management, Ministry of Culture (MOC)• Department of Financial Management, State Administration of Broadcasting,

Film and Television (SABFT)• Department of Financial Management, General Administration of Press and

Publication (GAPP)• Department of Planning and Development, Ministry of Education (MOE)• Department of Population and Employment Statistics of the National Bureau of

Statistics (NBS)• Department of Urban Socio-economic Survey, National Bureau of Statistics

(NBS)• Finance Department, General Administration of Sport (GAS)• Information Center, Ministry of Health (MOH)• Inspection and Quarantine and State Intellectual Property Office (IQSIPO)• Ministry of Health (MOH)• Rural Socio-economic Survey Organization, National Bureau of Statistics

(NBS)• State Administration for Industry and Commerce (SAIC)• General Administration of Press and Publication (GAPP)

This book has also benefited from the skilful assistance from many individuals.They are (in alphabetical order by family name): Bian Lihua, Cai Qixin, ChenYueyue, Deng Weiping, Dong Lihua, Du Yan, Feng Nailin, Feng Nailin, Guan

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Xiaojing, Guo Dong, Hao Shenglong, Hou Rui, Huang Pei, Jin Zhaofeng, JuChuanling, Li Huimin, Li Junbo, Li Min, Li Suoqiang, Li Xiaowei, Liang Erwei,Long Ling, Luan Jinhui, Meng Hehe, Que Xiaoqing, Song Shaoying, Tang Ping,Tie Bing, Wang Ping, Wang Xiaohong, Xiao Li, Xu Hui, Xu Lan, Xu Xiongfei, YeLiqi, Ye Shifang, Zhai Shangqing, Zhang Xin, Zhao Huiyun, Zheng Xuegong,Zheng Zexiang, Zhou Xuewen, and Zhu Weisheng. The photos that are adopted inChap. 1 are drawn by Zhou Xiuqing and Jin Xiang under the financial supportreceived from the State Post Bureau (SPB) of the People’s Republic of China.

During the review and revision stage, the feedback and encouragement receivedfrom Mr. Toby Chai, Ms. Lydia Wang, Mr. Lvy Gong and other editors andreaders at Springer enabled us to finalize this project without delay. I am especiallygrateful to various anonymous reviewers whose comments and suggestions havehelped us refine many parts of this research. However, all views and errors in thisbook certainly are those of the respective authors only and not necessarily those ofthe book’s editors and of the organizations and individuals who provided theoriginal data.

Qiaozi, Huairou, Beijing Rongxing GuoApril 2014 Editor-in-Chief

x Acknowledgments

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Contents

1 Multicultural China: A Brief View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

2 Macroeconomic Conditions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37

3 Population and Labor Force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

4 Employment and Wages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115

5 People’s Livelihood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

6 Social Production and Rural Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257

7 Education and Science and Technology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

8 Public Health and Social Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317

9 Culture and Sports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

Appendix A: China’s Ethnic Populations Reportedin the 2000 and 2010 National Censuses . . . . . . . . . . . . 349

Appendix B: Administrative and Demographic Statisticsof Ethnic Minority Autonomous Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413

Appendix C: Principal Indicators on Economic and SocialDevelopment in Ethnic Minority Autonomous Areas . . . 417

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423

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Notes on the Text

1. The ethnic groups and their socioeconomic indicators monitored in this bookare only based on the geographical scope of mainland China.

2. National-level data in this book do not include those of Hong Kong or Macao.3. The classification of ethnic groups is based on China’s official criteria, which

sometimes may not satisfy academia. For example, the Pumi are also calledMongolians or Naxi, depending on where they live; and most of the Yao onHainan island are now classified as Miao.

4. Unless states otherwise, all data reported in this book are as of 2011 andindicators in monetary values are measured at current prices, while their time-series indices are calculated at constant prices.

5. Data have been adjusted for all those Han majority who changed to ethnicminority (shaoshu minzu) status in the 1980s.

6. Unless states otherwise, all data reported in this book are compiled andestimated based on the regional and local data gathered from a variety ofsources. [Details about the estimation methodology can be found in RongxingGuo, China’s Multicultural Economies—Social and Economic Indicators,Springer, New York, 2013, pp. 165–168; or China’s Ethnic Minorities—Social and Economic Indicators (Routledge Studies in the Modern WorldEconomy), Routledge, London and New York, 2013, pp. 208–210.]

7. Data may be overestimated if an ethnic group is mainly located in geo-graphically remote and economically poor areas (since geographically remoteareas usually have less attractions to statistical officers who either had littleprofessional ethics or wanted to reduce the costs of data collection).

8. Statistical discrepancies due to rounding are not adjusted in the book.9. Blank space indicates that the figure is not large enough to be measured with

the smallest unit in the table, or data are unknown or are not available.10. Due to reasons that are beyond our control, estimation errors may exist in the

indicators reported in the book.

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A List of China’s Ethnic Groups(with English and Chinese Names)

Note Population shares are based on the Sixth National Population Census of the People’sRepublic of China that was conducted on November 1, 2010

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Maps

Map 1 The spatial distribution of China’s ethno-linguistic groups. Source Courtesy of theUniversity of Texas Libraries, University of Texas at Austin

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Map 2 The minority-based autonomous administrative divisions in China

xviii Maps

Contributors

Editor-in-ChiefRongxing Guo, Peking University Regional Science Association, Beijing, China

Members of Editorial CommitteeUradyn E. Bulag, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UKMichael A. Crang, Durham University, Durham, UKThomas Heberer, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, GermanyEui-Gak Hwang, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of KoreaJames A. Millward, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USAMorris Rossabi, Columbia University, New York, USAGerard A. Postiglione, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SARChih-yu Shih, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanNicholas Tapp, Australia National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia

Project CoordinatorLuc Changlei Guo

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Chapter 1Multicultural China: A Brief View

Throughout history, race, language and religion have divided China as much asphysical terrain, political fiat and conquest. However, it is always a politicallysensitive issue to identify those non-Han people as different ethnic groups. As aresult, the total number of ethnic groups has never been fixed precisely in China.For example, in 1953, only 42 ethnic peoples were identified, while the numberincreased to 54 in 1964 and 56 in 1982. Of course, this does not include theunknown ethnic groups as well as foreigners with Chinese citizenship.1

Specifically, China’s current 56 ethnic groups are, in alphabetical order,Achang, Bai, Baonan, Blang, Buyi, Dai, Daur, Deang, Derung, Dong, Dongxiang,Ewenki, Gaoshan, Gelao, Han, Hani, Hezhe, Hui, Jing, Jingpo, Jino, Kazak,Kirgiz, Korean, Lahu, Lhoba, Li, Lisu, Manchu, Maonan, Miao, Monba, Mongol,Mulao, Naxi, Nu, Oroqen, Pumi, Qiang, Russian, Salar, She, Shui, Tajik, Tatar,Tibetan, Tu, Tujia, Uygur, Uzbek, Va, Xibe, Yao, Yi, Yugur, and Zhuang. In thefollowing, the general geographical and historical background of and the linguisticand religious features of each of them are briefly reported.

Achang

1 As of 2010, when the Sixth National Population Census of the People’s Republic of China wasconducted, the populations of the unknown ethnic groups and foreigners with Chinese citizenshipwere 640,101 and 1,448, respectively.

� Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015R. Guo et al. (eds.), Multicultural China, Current ChineseEconomic Report Series, DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-44113-8_1

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The Achang ethnic minority lives mainly in the Dehong Dai-Jingpo autono-mous prefecture of Yunnan province. They lived in the reaches of Nu river as longago as the second century, and then migrated southwest to the present Longchuanand Lianghe counties. The Achang are mountain farmers. As one of the earliestpeople, they have their own language that belongs to the Tibetan-Burman familyof the Sino-Tibetan phylum. However, the Achang language has no written form.Over time, they have accepted the language of the Dai ethnic minority as well asthe written and spoken Mandarin of the Han people. In the past, some groups of theAchang believe in primitive spirits and practice ancestor worship, the others fol-low Theravada Buddhism, and they hold different religion festivals and activitiesto show their piety. Southern Buddhism is another popular religion among Achangpeople. Nearly in each of the villages, a Buddhist temple stands with variousarchitecture styles. In addition, Taoism is also of great influences since the Mingdynasty (AD 1368–1644), which is reflected by the Imperial Pavilion TaoistTemple established by Achang people in Dehong of Yunnan.

Bai

The Bai people are mainly dominant in the Dali Bai autonomous county ofYunnan province, together with Lijiang, Kunming, Yuanjiang, Guizhou and so on.A Tibetan-Burman people, the Bai were a major ethnic group and cultural elite in thekingdom of Nanzhao (AD 738–937) that dominated the region to China’s southwest.The Bai language derives from the Tibetan-Burman family of the Sino-Tibetanphylum. However, as a result of their close cultural ties with the Han people, the Baihave also applied Chinese characters as their written form of language. Although theBai people believe in Buddhism, they also worship their village god (‘Benzhu’),Nature god, the Prince of the Nanzhao regime, or even a hero of folklore.

2 1 Multicultural China: A Brief View

Baonan

Located in the southwest of Gansu province, the area of Mt. Jishishan is hometo the Baonan ethnic minority. It is thought that the Baonan ethnic minoritydeveloped over a long period of time formed largely by Mongolians. During theYuan, the Ming and the Qing dynasties, some people of the Hui, the Tibetan, andthe Tu ethnic minorities were assimilated into the group, often through marriageand in this way the groups influenced each other. The Baonan people did, however,retain most of their Moslem traditions and customs. The Baonan are culturallyclose to the Hui and, like them, are Muslims. They speak a unique Baonan lan-guage which is part of the ‘Altai’ language family descended from Mongolian.Most can also speak and write Mandarin Chinese like the majority Han people.They continue to follow Islam and are part of the Sunni branch.

Blang

The Blang ethnic minority is one of the oldest peoples in Yunnan province,living mainly in the mountain area of Menghai county of Dai autonomous pre-fecture in Xishuangbanna. Their earliest record can be traced back to the Handynasty (BC 206–AD 220). The Blang speak a Mon-Khmer language (it belongsto the Austro-Asiatic phylum with an alveolar sound and pronunciation), and theirculture is closely related to those of nearby Myanmer and Laos. As the Blangpeople live dispersedly, they speak different languages in separate regions.Without their own written characters, they use those of the Dai and the Han

1 Multicultural China: A Brief View 3

peoples. Like many other ethnic minorities, the Blang admire totems. However,the totems they admire are not fierce beasts like the tiger or lion, but the bamboorat and toad. They believe that when they see those small animals, they must keepaway from them, or their relatives will pass away. The Blang also believe inTheravada Buddhism, polytheism and ancestor worship.

Bouyei

The Bouyei ethnic minority have mainly inhabited Southwest China’s Guizhouprovince. Their main living areas are now the Bouyei-Miao autonomous prefec-ture, Anshun and Guiyang cities. The Bouyei’s way of life is quite similar to thatof the Miao and their language is closely related to those of the Zhuang and theDai. The Bouyei people speak their own language belonging to the Sino-Tibetanphylum; and some are able to read and write Mandarin and as well. The Bouyeipeople believe in many gods. There is a God for each Mountain; River, Lake orPond; for each old and unusual tree, for megalith, caves, paddy field, and for whenit rains or thunders, there are various gods. They also worship ancestors’ suprememight with each family setting niches in their home.

Dai

The Dai ethnic minority is distributed throughout the Dai autonomous regionand the Dehong Dai-Jingpo autonomous prefecture in Xishuangbanna in thesouthern part of Yunnan province. The Dai have two main branches—the WaterDai, who have a close affinity with the Thais; and the Han Dai, who are more or


less identical with the Shan of the Myanmar. The Dai were one of the main ethnicgroups dominating the kingdom of Nanzhao (AD 738–937). In the past, they werecalled ‘baiyue’, meaning a vast living area. Therefore, they have established aclose relationship with ethnic groups like the Zhuang, the Dong, the Shui, theBouyei and the Li, who are said to be the descendants of the Dai people. The Dailanguage belongs to the Zhuang-Dai branch of the Zhuang-Dong group of theSino-Tibetan languages. The written language was derived from Devanagari anddiffers from region to region. The religion of the Dai people is Buddhism, whichwas adopted in the 6th–8th century and had a profound influence on their politics,economy, culture and arts.

Daur

Daur is the title that the people of the Daur ethnic minority named themselves,meaning cultivator. With historical records dating back to the early 17th century,there are several stories about the origin of this minority. The most accepted is thatthey were descendants of the brave Khitan tribe (Qidan) in the Liao dynastyAD (916–1125). This minority helped guard the frontier during the Qing dynasty(AD 1644–1911) near Xinjiang. The population of the Daur ethnic minority isconsiderably smaller than many other minorities. They mainly inhabit InnerMongolia autonomous region and Heilongjiang province, while some live in theXinjiang Uyghur autonomous region. The Daur people have their own language,which has a strong affinity with that of the Mongolian dialect, both of whichbelong to the Altai phylum. As their land bordering upon the places where theMongol, the Manchu, the Ewenki, the Han, and the Kazak minorities inhabited,they developed their vocabulary, benefiting from others. However, their languagehas no written form.


Deang

The Deang ethnic minority lives exclusively in Yunnan province and primarilyin Luxi and Zhenkang counties, along with the Dai, the Jingpo, and the Va ethnicminorities. Their language belongs to the Mon-Khmer group of the Austro-Asiaticphylum, much close to that of the Va. They have no traditional written language,so some of people use the written Chinese language along with that of the Dai andthe Jingpo languages. Influenced by the Dai ethnic minority, the Deang people arefaithful to Theravada Buddhism. Boys of less than ten years old are sent to thetemples to become monks, learning sutras. Most of them are secularized afterseveral years, with only few promoted as Buddhists who are highly esteemed asboth educated and knowledgeable. Meanwhile, they also worship the originalgods, such as Dragon King, God of Mountain, God of Land, etc.

Derung

The Derung (also spelt Drung or Dulong) people are located in a canyonsurrounded by the Tibetan plateau in the north, the Gaoligong Mountain in theeast, and the Dandanglika Mountain in the west. The inhabitant area of the Derungethnic minority is quite isolated. Their population is mainly found in the Nujiangautonomous prefecture of Yunnan province, in the Dulong valley, while a fewothers can be found east of the Dulong valley, living in the mountains above theNujiang river near the village of Binzhongluo in northern Gongshan county. TheDerung language, which is closely related to that of Jingpo, belongs to the Sino-Tibetan phylum and is without written form. The traditional religion of the Derung


people is nature worship, with beliefs that there are spirits controlling their fortuneand the change of nature, so they often worship and charm away those spirits.Recently, there are also some Christians.

Dong

The Dong ethnic minority lives primarily in the border regions betweenGuizhou, Hunan and Hubei provinces. The Dong people trace their origins back toabout the third century BC and, during the Tang dynasty (AD 618–907), theyseparated from the mixed minority ‘Baiyue’, naming themselves Dong. The Dongare thought to be the modern-day descendants of the ancient Liao people. Donglegends generally maintain that the ancestors of the Dong migrated from the east.According to the legends of the Southern Dong people, the ancestors of theSouthern Dong came from Guangzhou, Guangdong and Wuzhou, Guangxi. TheNorthern Dong maintain that their ancestors fled Zhejiang and Fujian because oflocust swarms. The Dong people speak a Dai language—a branch of the Zhuang-Dong group of the Sino-Tibetan phylum though many of them also speak Chinese.The Dong’s beliefs remain original, believing that all things have spirits andgods—of land, water, ox, and the spirit of ancestors, etc.

Dongxiang

The Dongxiang ethnic minority derived their name from their native region—Dongxiang. Today, the Dongxiang people mainly inhabit the Dongxiang


autonomous county in Gansu province, with a small number in Xinjiang Uyghurand the Ningxia Hui autonomous regions. Historians are divided in their viewsabout the origin of the Dongxiang ethnic minority. Some hold that they aredescendants of Mongolian troops posted in the Hezhou area by Genghis Khan(AD 1162–1227) during his march to the west. Other historians say they are amixture of many ethnic groups—Hui, Mongolian, Han and Tibetan. The Don-gxiang language is similar to Mongolian, both of which belong to a branch of theMongolian Austronesian of the Altaic phylum. Since the Dongxiang have nowritten language, literature developed orally. Huaer, a popular form can be sung inboth daily life and at festivals, absorbing fully, the essence of their oratory crea-tivity, though most can speak and write in Chinese. The Dongxiang ethnicminority holds firm faith in Islam.

Ewenki

The Ewenki ethnic minority treasures their name of nationality which means‘people living in the mountain forests’. This ethnic minority is distributed acrossseven banners (counties) in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region and in Nahecounty of Heilongjiang province, where they live together with Mongolians,Daurs, Hans, and Oroqens. Nantunzhen, the seat of the banner government, is arising city on the grassland. A communication hub, it is the political, economicand cultural center of the Ewenki autonomous banner (Qi). The Ewenki are aTungus people and speak a Tungus language which belongs to the Tungus-Manchu branch of the Altaic phylum. Interestingly it has no written characters. Inthe Qing dynasty (1644–1911), the Ewenki group learned to write in the Manchuform whilst today they can master Mongolian and Chinese languages. Most ofthe Ewenki people are disciples of shamanism. Meanwhile, they also believe thatthere are gods controlling their life. The god of mountain, in their eyes, is a longbearded senior man.


Gaoshan

The Taiwanese aborigines in mainland China are collectively known as the‘‘Gaoshan’’. They now mainly live in Henan, Fujian, Liaoning and Hebei prov-inces and Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. It is said these Taiwaneseaborigines originated from one branch of the ancient Yue people living along thecoast of the mainland China during the Stone Age. They were later joined byimmigrants from the Philippines, Borneo and Micronesia. The Gaoshan people donot have their own script, and their spoken language belongs to the IndonesianAustronesian branch of the Malay-Polynesian Phylum. They altogether have morethan 20 languages, 13 of which are still in use. As they have lived with Han peoplefor a long time, many of them can speak southern Min language. The Gaoshanpeople are animists who believe that everything in nature has a soul. They believein strength of spirit, ancestors and totem. They think that after a person’s death, hissoul stays to protect his descendants.

Gelao

The Gelao are mountain subsistence farmers and hunters in Guizhou andYunnan provinces and Guangxi autonomous region. They are an old ethnicminority. Over 2,000 years ago, the Gelao people lived in many places in China.At present, some bridges, graves, wells, and even villages in Guizhou province stillbear Gelao names. The ethnic minority’s name dates back to the Ming dynasty


(AD 1368–1644). Before then, they were called the ‘‘Liao’’. The Gelao peoplehave their own language which belongs to the Zhuang-Dong Group of the Sino-Tibetan phylum. But their dialects are quite different from each other. Somecannot communicate with each other, although they live in the same county. Onlyone fourth Gelao people actually speak the Gelao language, while the other useChinese language as well as those of the Miao, the Yi and the Bouyei ethnicminorities. They write in Chinese as they don’t have their own written form ofcharacters. The Gelao people believe in the blessing of many gods as well as theirancestors.

Han

Members of the ethnic majority in China have traditionally been referred to asthe Han race. This may well be because of the relatively long period of social,political, economic, and military consolidation and stability enjoyed by the Chi-nese nation during the period of the Han dynasty (206 BC–AD 220). The term‘Han’, however, does not offer a full account of the cultural and ethnic origins ofthe Chinese people. It was, instead, an inclusive name for the various tribes thatlived together on the Central China Plains well before the time of Christ. The trendover the ages was for many ethnic groups living adjacent to the Hua-Xia people tobe assimilated at different times and to different degrees into what the Chinesehave ultimately termed the Han culture. The original ethnic stock for this amalgamseems to have primarily included the Hua-Xia, the Eastern Yi, the Chu-Wu, andthe Baiyue groups. Other non-Han peoples were assimilated into the Han culture atdifferent points in China’s history. They are, for example, the Huns (Xiongnu) andXianbei between the third and fifth century AD, the Eastern Hu and the Jurchens(ancestors of the Manchus) from the tenth through the early 13th century, and theManchus through their conquest of China in the 17th century.


Hani

The Hani people mainly inhabit an area within the reaches of the Yuan and theLantsang rivers. This is a branch of the ancient Qiang people who had beennomadic on the Tibetan plateau and then emigrated southward. Most of the Hanipeople live in the valleys between the Yuanjiang and Lancang (Mekong) rivers—avast area between the Ailao and the Mengle mountains in southern Yunnanprovince. They are under the jurisdiction of Honghe Hani-Yi autonomous pre-fecture, which includes Honghe, Yuanyang, Luchun and Jinping counties. Othersdwell in Simao prefecture, Xishuangbanna, etc. The Hani are subsistence farmerswho speak a Tibetan-Burman language, which belongs to the Sino-Tibetan phy-lum. The language has no characters of its own, so in 1957 the Chinese govern-ment created a set of spelling characters based on Latin. The Hani people areconvinced that everything has soul, so they worship many gods and their ancestors.Since the early 20th century, Christianity and Buddhism have spread to them, butwith little influence on the Hani society.

Hezhen

The Hezhen ethnic minority is one of the smallest minorities of China. Fromgeneration to generation, they lived in the reaches of the Amur river (Heilongjiangriver), the Songhua river, and the Ussuri river (Wusuli river) and appropriatelynamed themselves ‘Hezhen’, meaning people of the eastern lower reaches. They


are descendants of Heshui Tribe which reigned during the Sui (AD 581–618) andthe Tang (AD 618–907) dynasties. Among China’s least populous ethnic group,the Hezhen people speak a Manchu-Tungus language. The Hezhen people speak alanguage that belongs to the Altaic phylum. But they do not have their owncharacters, so most of them write in Chinese. The Hezhen people are shamanists,believing all have spirits and worship as many gods are there as varieties ofanimals and plants.

Hui

One of China’s largest ethnic minorities, the Hui people can be found in most ofthe counties and cities throughout China, especially in Ningxia Hui autonomousregion and Gansu, Qinghai, Henan, Hebei, Shandong and Yunnan provinces andXinjiang Uygur autonomous region. The name Hui is an abbreviation for ‘‘Hu-ihui,’’ which first appeared in the literature of the Northern Song dynasty(AD 960–1127). The Hui minority is descended from the Arabic and Persianmerchants who came to China during the 7th century. During the early years of the13th century when Mongolian troops were making their western expeditions,group after group of Islamic-oriented people from Middle Asia, as well as Persiansand Arabs, either were forced to move or voluntarily migrated into China. Chineseis the native language. In addition, they retain some of the Arabic and Persianwords. Islamism plays a vital role in the development of the Hui ethnic minority inChina. There is typically a mosque in each community. In fact, the religiousthought has influenced the Hui people in all walks of life.

Jing


The Jing ethnic minority has a small population. Most live on the three islandsof Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, and the rest live and mingle with the Han,Zhuang and Yao ethnic groups. The Jing cultivate rice and are good fishermen.The ancestors of the Jing emigrated from Vietnam to Southwest China in the early16th century and settled on the uninhabited lands beyond the neighborhood whichhad been populated by people of the Han and the Zhuang ethnic groups. The Jing’sspoken language is similar to Vietnamese while many now speak Cantonese. TheJing are descendants of Vietnamese migrants who arrived in China from thefifteenth century. The word ‘jing’ is an equivalent of the Vietnamese Kinh, a namegiven to the majority people of Vietnam. Most of the Jing people believe inTaoism together with some thoughts of Buddhism and wizardry. They believethere are many gods who control their life, which include the god who is said tohave made manitou to pacify the sea.

Jingpo

The Jingpo ethnic minority lives mainly in the Dehong and the Dai-Jingpoautonomous prefectures with some in Nujiang Lisu autonomous prefecture ofYunnan province, as well as in Myanmar. According to local legends and his-torical records, Jingpo ancestors in ancient times inhabited the southern part of theXikang-Tibetan plateau. They gradually migrated south to the northwestern part ofYunnan, west of the Nujiang river. The local people, together with the newly-arrived Jingpos, were called ‘‘Xunchuanman,’’ who lived mainly on hunting. TheJingpo live in the mountain areas along the border with Myanmar and speak alanguage closely related to that of the Derung, both of which belong to theTibetan-Burman group of the Sino-Tibetan phylum. They do, however, also usethe Chinese language. The main traditional religion is polytheism. The Jingpopeople think everything has a soul that can never die, so, if a Jingpo meets withmisfortune, she or he will turn to worship the spirits. However, some Jingpo peopleare Christian as a result of missionaries who first came to these areas in the early20th century.


Jino

The Jino ethnic minority, which was not officially recognized as a nationalityuntil 1979, lives mainly in Jino town of Jinghong county, Xishuangbanna Daiautonomous prefecture of Yunnan province. It is said that the Jinos migrated toJinoluoke from Pu’er and Mojiang or places even farther north. Jinoluoke is amountainous area stretching for 70 km from east to west and 50 km from north tosouth. The expression Jino refers to an ethnic group that respects the mother’sbrother as a prominent person in the family. The Jino people have their ownlanguage, which belongs to a Tibetan-Burman branch of the Sino-Tibetan phylum.However, they have no written characters. The Juno’s religion is animism. It issaid that their ancestors who were part of the troops of Zhuge Lian during theThree Kingdoms Period (AD 220–280) were dispersed from the main force.Therefore, they regard Zhuge Lian as a distinguished joss (god).

Kazak

The Kazaks (also spelled Kazakhs) are a Turkic people of Eastern Europe andthe northern parts of Central Asia (largely Kazakhstan, but also found in parts ofUzbekistan, Russia, Mongolia, and China). Kazakh identity is of medieval originand was strongly shaped by foundation of the Kazak Khanate in AD 1456–1465.In China, the Kazak ethnic minority is mainly in Ili Kazak autonomous prefecture,Mori and Barkol autonomous counties of Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region, aswell as in Qinghai and Gansu provinces. The Kazaks are Turkic people, speaking a


language which belongs to the Turkic group of the Altaic phylum. The Kazaklanguage has two scripts, one based on Arabic, the other on Latin letters. However,many Kazak people can use Chinese, Uyghur and Mongolian languages. In thepast, they believed in the shamanism. In about the 11th century, they began to turnto Islam while some continued to admire nature, soul and fire like the shamanists.

Kirgiz

The Kirgiz ethnic minority is named after a word meaning forty girls. Itspopulation is mostly distributed throughout the Kirgiz autonomous prefecture, Ili,Dacheng, Aksu, Kashgar, the southwest of Xinjiang autonomous region, as well asin Heilongjiang province. The forefathers of the Kirgiz lived on the upper reachesof the Yenisey river. In the mid-sixth century the Kirgiz tribe was under the rule ofthe Turkic khanate. After the Tang dynasty (AD 618–907) defeated the EasternTurkic khanate, the Kirgiz came into contact with the dynasty. Most of them speakthe Kirgiz language, which belongs to the Turkic group of Altaic phylum, and hasa written form based on Arabic letters. The Kirgiz people have used differentspoken languages in Xinjiang. While those living in the south of Xinjiang speakUyghur language, those in the north of Xinjiang speak Kazak. Most Kirgiz peoplebelieve in Islam, but a few of the other follow the Tibetan Buddhism.

Korean


The Korean (also called ‘‘Chaoxian’’ in China) ethnic group is scattered mainlyin Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces. Smaller populations of Koreanpeople live in other areas in the Inner Mongolian autonomous region, and Beijing,Xi’an and other cities. Members of this ethnic minority living in Yanbian Koreanautonomous prefecture of Jilin province speak and write in Korean while thoseliving in other parts of China usually speak Chinese. The ancestors of the presentKorean people were immigrants from the Korea peninsula. When they settled inChina they gradually formed unique customs and evolved into a Chinese ethnicgroup. The Korean ethnic group does not follow one particular religion. Whilemost of them are atheists, some believe in Buddhism, a belief that has influencedKorean life in the past, and others follow Christianity which spread to them fromSouth Korea.

Lahu

Most of the Lahu people are scattered around three autonomous counties ofLancangjiang Lahu, Menglian, and Shuangjiang, with the others living in Simao,Lincang and Xishuangbanna of Yunnan province. The forebears of the Lahupeople, who were hunters, began migrating southward to lush grassland whichthey discovered while pursuing a red deer. In the eighth century, after the rise ofthe kingdom of Nanzhao in present Yunnan province, the Lahu people werecompelled to move south. By no later than the beginning of the 18th century theyalready had settled in their present-day places. The Lahu ethnic minority have theirown language, which belong to the Yi branch of the Tibetan-Burman group of theSino-Tibetan phylum. Most Lahu people also speak Chinese or Dai, as a result oftheir close relations to the Han and the Dai peoples. Their written characters werenot formed until 1957. Lahu, in their language, means to roast the meat of thetiger. It indicates that this ethnic group was quite good at hunting. Some Lahupeople practice nature and ancestor worship, but still others believe in MahayanaBuddhism. In addition, a few of them are Christians.


Lhoba

Scattered primarily throughout the Luoyu region of southeast Tibet, the Lhoba isthe smallest of China’s 56 ethnic groups. The name ‘‘Lhoba’’ is derived from theTibetan word for southerners. The majority of the Lhoba ethnic minority have theirhomes in Mainling, Medog, Lhunze and Nangxian counties in southeastern Tibet.Additionally, a small number of them live in Luoyu in southern Tibet. Living at thefoot of Himalayas, almost completely isolated from the outside world, the Lhobalagged behind the rest of the world. The Lhobas speak a distinctive languagebelonging to the Tibetan-Myanmese language family, a branch of the Sino-Tibetanphylum. Few of them know the Tibetan language. Having no written script, Lhobapeople used to keep records by notching wood or tying knots. The Lhoba’s tradi-tional religion is nature worship, not Tibetan Buddhism. They pray to the spirits,seeking blessings, and believe that shamans have the power to control them.

Li

The Li ethnic minority live mainly in Li-Miao autonomous prefecture in thecenter and south of Hainan province, with a small number of the others being mixedwith the Han people. As a branch of the ancient Baiyue groups, the Li people had aclose relationship with such present ethnic minorities as the Buyi, the Dong, the Dai,the Shui, and the Zhuang. The name ‘‘Li’’ is derived from their pronunciation of


‘mountains’. The Li’s language, which has diverse dialects, belongs to the Zhuang-Dong group of the Sino-Tibetan phylum. Because of long association with the Hanpeople, some of the Li can also speak Chinese. In 1957, they created the written formof their language based on Roman script. The Li people believe all things have spiritsand in some places, there are still relics of totem adoration. Owing to the spread ofChristianity, some of Li have taken to this religion.

Lisu

The Lisu ethnic minority mainly inhabit in Nujiang Lisu autonomous prefecturein Yunnan province, with a few others living in the other cities within Yunnan andSichuan provinces. They can also be found in the mountain areas of Myanmar,Thailand, and the northeast Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh. According to theirclan history, which is passed from one generation to the next in the form of songs,the Lisu originate from eastern Tibet. They had close ties with the Yi and the Naxiethnic minorities. The Lisu’s language belongs to the Tibetan-Burman branch ofthe Sino-Tibentan phylum. There have been three distinct forms of writing, withthe last one, created in 1957 and based on the Latin alphabet, being widely usednow. The Lisu people believe the existence of gods and totem; but in the late 19thcentury some of them began to turn to the Christian faiths as a result of thepreaching of missionaries in China.

Manchu


Arising from the Jurchen tribes and establishing the Jin dynasty(AD 1115–1234) and the Qing dynasty (AD 1644–1911), the Manchu people havegreatly influenced Chinese history. Today, the Manchu ethnic minority has apopulation mainly in Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces of northeastChina although they can also be found in many other cities as well. In the 16thcentury, the written language of the Manchu people was created from charactersbased on the Mongolian language. The Manchu language is part of the Tungus-Manchu group, a branch of Altaic phylum. As the Manchu people migrated fromthe northern to the central China, they learned and adopted the language of thedominant Han Chinese. The ancient Manchu people believed in shamanism. Later,with the influence of Buddhism, Daoism and Confucianism, their beliefs took on apluralistic quality.

Maonan

The Maonan ethnic minority lives mostly in Huanjiang county of GuangxiZhuang autonomous region, especially in the three regions of Shangnan, Zhon-gnan, and Xianan. Interestingly, more than 80 % of the Maonan share the samesurname: Tan. Maonan with the surname ‘‘Tan’’ believe that they are descendedfrom the old inhabitants of the province of Hunan that emigrated to Guangxi andmarried Maonan women. Their language belongs to the Zhuang-Dong group of theSino-Tibetan phylum; nearly all of the Maonan people can speak Chinese and theZhuang language. Traditional Maonan religion is both animistic and polytheistic,with heavy Taoist influences. Many deities and rituals are borrowed from Chinesefolk religion. They think that there are many gods who can control their life andthey must sacrifice during festive days.


Miao

The Miao ethnic minority is one of the largest minority groups in China. Theylive mainly in Guizhou, Yunnan, Hunan, Hubei, and Hainan provinces and inGuangxi Zhuang autonomous region. As early as the Qin and Han dynasties(2,000 years ago), the ancestors of the Miao people lived in the western part ofpresent-day Hunan province and the eastern part of present-day Guizhou province.As a result of large-scale migrations over many centuries the Miao became widelydispersed. The Miao are now divided into several branches, such as Black Hmong,White Hmong, Striped Hmong, etc. The Miao language, which belongs to theMiao-Yao group of the Sino-Tibetan phylum, has developed into three dialects:the dialect of western Hunan province, the one of eastern Guizhou province andthe one of the border area of Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan provinces. As a resultof the long time living with the Han and other people, the Miao can also speakChinese and the Dong and Zhuang languages. They have been writing their ownMiao language based on Latin since 1956. The Miao people believe that every-thing in nature has a spirit. They worship their ancestors. Some also believe inCatholicism or other forms of Christianity.

Monba

The Monba ethnic minority has a long history. Their name, ‘Monba’, pronounced‘Menba’ in Chinese, derives from Tibetan, referring to the people living in Menyu in


the lower reaches of the Yarlong Tsangpo river. The area became the hereditarymanor of Tibet during the mid 14th and early 15th centuries. In the mid-17th century,the Fifth Dalai Lama sent two of his disciples to Menyu to set up an office there. As aresult, the Tibetan rule of religion and politics over the area was integrated. TheMonba now occupy Tsona, Metog, and Nyingchi counties in Tibet. Thanks to theirproximity to the Zang people (Tibetan people), the Monba’s customs, traditions andlife styles appear very similar to those of the Tibetans. The Monba language is amember of the Tibetan-Burman group of the Sino-Tibetan phylum. The Monba aresub-divided into six sub-groups because of their variations in their language. Thereis no written language; instead Tibetan is used. The Monba are generally adherentsof the Gelugpa sect of Tibetan Buddhism (Lamaism), which they adopted in the 17thcentury as a result of the evangelical influence of the Bhutanese-educated MeraLama. In addition, some still follow traditional religions.

Mongol

The Mongol ethnic minority is distributed primarily in the Inner Mongoliaautonomous region along with the other areas in Qinghai, Gansu, Liaoning, Jilin,and Heilongjiang provinces. They originated from a tribe in northern China andMongolia during the seventh century. ‘‘Mongolian’’ originally was the name ofone of the Mongolian tribes roaming along the Erguna river. At the beginning ofthe 13th century, a Mongolian tribe headed by Genghis Khan unified all theMongolian tribes, giving birth to a new people—the Mongolian ethnic minority. InAD 1206, he was elected the Great Khan of all Mongols with the title of GenghisKhan. Kublai Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan founded the Yuan dynasty(AD 1206–1368) in 1272, and subdued the Southern Song dynasty(AD 1127–1279) in 1279, bringing the whole of China under his centralized rule.The Mongol language belongs to the Mongolian group of the Altaic phylum andhas three main dialects. The written form is derived from that of the 13th centuryand experienced many changes. They once believed in shamanism but have turnedto Lamaism (Tibetan Buddhism) since the Yuan dynasty.


Mulao

The majority of the Mulao ethnic minority live in Luocheng county of GuangxiZhuang autonomous region. Others are scattered in other, neighboring counties. Intheir own language, Mulao means mother. Historical records trace the Mulaoethnic minority back to the period of the Yuan dynasty (AD 1271–1368). TheMulaos lived in Luocheng city of present Guangxi autonomous region and calledthemselves Lings or Jins, but the neighboring Zhuang people called them Bujinsand the Hans called them Mulao. The Mulaos were mostly inhabited by familiessharing the same surname. The Mulao language is a member of the Zhuang-Dongbranch of the Sino-Tibetan phylum. But because of their extensive contacts withthe Han and local Zhuang peoples, many Mulaos speak one or both of theselanguages in addition to their own. The Mulaos have no written language of theirown, and the Chinese characters are commonly used for communication. Althoughthe religion no longer plays a main role in their daily life, traditionally the Mulaohave been mostly animists. Some of them also practice Daoism and Buddhism.

Naxi

The Naxi are an ethnic group inhabiting the foothills of the Himalayas in thenorthwestern part of Yunnan province (mostly living in Naxi autonomous countyin Lijiang), as well as the southwestern part of Sichuan province and Tibet


autonomous region. The Naxi are thought to have come originally from NorthwestChina, migrating south toward Tibetan populated regions, and usually inhabitingthe most fertile river-side land. According to historical documents, the Naxi’sforefathers were closely related to a tribe called ‘‘Maoniu Yi’’ in the Han dynasty(206 BC–AD 220), ‘‘Mosha Yi’’ in the Jin dynasty (AD 265–420) and ‘‘MoxieYi’’ in the Tang dynasty (AD 618–907). In the name Naxi, Na means ‘black’ andXi means people. The Naxi people speak a language belonging to the Yi branch ofthe Tibetan-Burman group of the Sino-Tibetan phylum. Before 1949, most of theNaxi people were Lamaists, with some also holding the faiths of Dongba (a formof shamanism), believing that all have spirits and those spirits could never die.Although there was Buddhism, Taoism and Christianity being taught there, fewNaxi people turned to those religions.

Nu

The Nu people are divided into the Northern, Central and Southern groups.Their homeland is a country of high mountains and deep ravines crossed by theLancang (Mekong), Dulong and Nujiang rivers. The name ‘‘Nu’’ comes from thefact that they were living near the Nujiang river, and the name of their ethnic groupderives from there. There is also a sparse distribution of the Nu in Weixi county inDiqing Tibetan autonomous prefecture of Yunnan province and in Zayu county ofTibet autonomous region, particularly around the border between Yunnan andTibet. In comparison to the other ethnic groups in China, the Nu population isrelatively small. The Nu language belongs to the Tibetan-Burman sub-group of theSino-Tibetan language family. The dialects within the Nu language, however differso much that Nu people from different regions cannot communicate with eachother. The language has no written characters, so most Nu people use writtenChinese. The religious beliefs remain primitive and animistic, believing everythinghas spirits and admiring the power of nature. Some of them believe in Lamaism(Tibetan Buddhism) and Christianity.


Oroqen

The Oroqen mainly live in the Oroqen autonomous banner (Qi) of HulunbuirLeague of Inner Mongolia autonomous region and in the Greater and LesserXing’an Mountains of Heilongjiang province, an area known for its abundant wildanimal resources. A small number of others are scattered in the neighboringprovinces. For generations the Oroqens had lived a life of hunting and fishing inthe forests. The name Oroqen appeared as early as the Qing dynasty(AD 1644–1911). The Oroqen people speak a language that belongs to the Tun-gus-Manchu group of the Altaic phylum. Since there is no written form of thelanguage they usually use Chinese whilst some use Mongolian. The Oroqen holdtheir faith in the power of nature, ancestors and totems. This is a kind of sha-manism. There are many gods such as the god of the sun, moon, fire, wind,mountains, etc. To the Oroqen people, bears and tigers are known as god, lord, andgovernor.

Pumi

The Pumi ethnic minority is mainly distributed in Lanping, Lijiang, Weixi andYongsheng counties of Yunnan province, as well as in the Yi autonomous countyof Ninglang. Some live in Muli and Yanyuan counties of Sichuan province as well.According to Pumi legends and historical records, ancient Pumis were a nomadictribe, roaming the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. Their descendents later moved south towarmer, more verdant areas along valleys within the Hengduan mountain range.


By the seventh century, the Pumis were living in Sichuan’s Yuexi, Mianning,Hanyuan, Jiulong and Shimian areas, constituting one of the major ethnicminorities in the Xichang prefecture. After the 13th century, the Pumis graduallysettled down in their present places. The Pumi people speak a language thatbelongs to the Tibetan-Burman group of the Sino-Tibetan phylum. In the past, thePumi used Tibetan characters, however, today, most write in Chinese. Though afew of the Pumi do follow Lamaism and Taoism, most believe that many gods andtheir ancestors influence their lives, They are led by wizards in their ceremoniesfor peace, happiness and harvest.

Qiang

This ethnic minority lives mainly in Aba Tibetan autonomous prefecture ofSichuan province. And Maowen Qiang autonomous county is the largest area thatis home to the Qiang. They have a profound history as evidenced by inscriptionson oracle bones. ‘‘Qiang’’ was a name given by ancient Hans to the nomadicpeople living in western China. The Qiangs were not a single distinctive ethnicgroup then. According to historical records, a clan group made their homes in whatis today’s Sichuan province. The Han dynasty (206 BC–AD 220) court in the 2ndcentury had set up an administrative prefecture for the area. During AD 600–900when the Tibetans gradually expanded their rule over the region, some Qiangswere assimilated by the Tibetans. Closely related to the Tibetans, the Qiangs speaka similar language that belongs to the Tibetan-Burman group of the Sino-Tibetanphylum. The Qiang language is divided into two dialects. But the Qiangs do nothave a written language; instead, most of them can write in Chinese. The Qiangsbelieve that everything in nature has a spirit. They especially consider white quartzstone as the symbol of rightness having the power of gods, while the black quartzrepresents evil.


Russian

The Russian ethnic minority descends from Russian immigrants to China in asearly as the 18th century. The largest Russian population arrived in NortheastChina and Xinjiang after the Russian Civil War of 1918–1922. Most of the ethnicRussians now live in Ili, Tacheng, Altay and Urumqi of Xinjiang Uyghur auton-omous region whilst a few live in the Heilongjiang province and Inner Mongolianautonomous region. These immigrants were called ‘‘Guihua people’’ and theirvillages ‘‘Guihua village’’. The Russians use their own language (Russian) andwritten script, which belongs to the Slavic group of the Indo-European languagefamily, when they communicate with each other. They also use the Chinese lan-guage and script in their social or official activities. Culturally and linguistically,the Russians are the same as those in Russia. While the Russians speak and writeRussian, most of them also use Chinese. The Russians believed in EasternOrthodox, with fewer people believing in Christianity, but in the recent years, theyare more and more tended to hold no religious thoughts.

Salar

The Salar people live mostly in the Qinghai-Gansu border region, on both sidesof the Yellow river, namely in Xunhua Salar and Hualong Hui autonomouscounties of Qinghai and the adjacent Jishishan Bonan, Dongxiang and Salarautonomous county of Gansu province. There are also Salars in Xinjiang (espe-cially in the Ili Kazakh autonomous prefecture). Having arrived and settled in the


Qinghai province 700 years ago, they originally made their living by hunting,forestry and livestock farming. More recently, they thrive on agriculture, handi-crafts and horticulture. Living in a semi-desert area, the Salars are Muslims. TheSalars’ ancestors were migrating Oghuz Turks who intermarried with the Han, theTibetans, and the Hui Chinese. They have their own Turkic language which is asubfamily of the Altaic language family that includes Turkish. Most Salar peoplecan also speak Chinese and Tibetan and use Chinese script.

She

The She people live primarily in the mountain areas of Fujian and Zhejiangprovinces, and to a lesser extent in Jiangxi, Guangdong, and Anhui provinces. Theyrefer to themselves as ‘Shanha’ where Shan means mountain and Ha means cus-tomers, ‘customers of the mountain’. Though scholars disagree about the true ori-gins of the She, most believe that the She’s ancestors originally lived in the Phoenixmountains in Chaozhou of Guangdong province. They left their native place toescape the oppression of their feudal rulers. That’s why they called themselves‘‘guests from the mountains.’’ The only ethnic minority to live in the provinces ofZhejiang and Jiangxi, the She are in many ways quite similar to the Han. Alwaysmost She nowadays speak Chinese, some use a language that belongs to the Miaobranch of the Miao-Yao group of the Sino-Tibetan phylum. The She language issimilar to the Hakka language, one of the seven dialects in China. Because they donot have their own written language, they choose to write in Chinese. Some She areBuddhists, while others are polytheists or ancestor worshippers.

Shui


Most of the Shui people dwell on the upper reaches of the Longjiang and Duliurivers that meander across plains and rolling land interspersed with vast expansesof forests in southern Guizhou province. Some Shuis have their homes in thenorthwestern part of the Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. The She live invillages of several dozen households or live along with Hans. Most reside in hillycountry 500–1,500 m high. Rivers have carved out their valleys. The Shui peoplehave a language that is closely related to that of the Dong, both of which belong tothe Zhuang-Dong group of the Sino-Tibetan phylum. As no written form of theShui language exists, they usually write using Chinese characters. Historicallythere was a written form of the Shui language whose characters were called ‘ShuiShu’, but it was used only for religious activities. The Shuis are believers ofpolytheism. In former days a shaman would be employed to say prayers andanimals slaughtered to be offered to evil spirits when someone fell ill or died orwhen something bad happened. Catholicism that came to the area in the late Qingdynasty (AD 1644–1911) won very few converts.

Tajik

According to folklore, the word Tajik means crown and this is usually how theyrefer to themselves. The Tajik ethnic minority is mainly distributed across theTashi Ku’ergan Tajik autonomous county in Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region.Although the Tajik is among the smaller ethnic groups of China, they boast a richhistory. The origin of the Tajik ethnic group can be traced to tribes speakingeastern Iranian who had settled in the eastern part of the Pamirs more than twentycenturies ago. In the 11th century, the nomadic Turkic tribes called those people‘‘Tajiks’’ who lived in Central Asia. Of Iranian stock, the Tajiks speak an Iranianlanguage that belongs to the Iranian group of the Indo-European language family.Some Tajik people can also speak the Uyghur language and most of them write inUyghur since the Tajik language has no written form. The Tajik follow the faith ofIslam but usually only go to mosque during major festivals.


Tatar

The Tatars were a native people of the Volga region of Russia, Tatarstan andBashkortostan. Most Tatars live in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, and Russia.The Tatar ethnic minority live mainly in Yining, Tacheng and Urumqi of XinjiangUyghur autonomous region. Historically this minority was known as ‘‘Dada’’ inChina. The name Tatar likely originated amongst the nomadic Tatar confederationin the north-eastern Gobi desert in the fifth century. Their history in China datesfrom the Tang dynasty (AD 618–907), when the Tatar tribe was ruled by thenomadic Turkic khanate in northern China. As this state fell into decline, theTatars grew in strength, and their name was used to refer to several tribes in thenorth after the Tang dynasty. Their homeland was later annexed by the Mongols,and when the Mongols pushed west, many Central Asians and Europeans calledthem Tatars. The Tatars have their own language which is a member of the Turkicsubgroup of the Altaic phylum. They also speak and write Uyghur and Kazak as aresult of their proximity to these minorities. The Tatars now follow Islam.

Tibetan

The Tibetan ethnic people (also known as Zang in Chinese) mainly live in theTibetan autonomous region on the Tibetan Plateau, with some groupings inQinghai, Gansu, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces. According to archeologicalfindings, their ancestors lived in the Brahmaputra river delta. Historical recordssuggest that the Tibetans were part of the Xiqiang group during the Han dynasty


(206 BC–AD 220). The Tibetans first settled along the middle reaches of theYarlung Zangbo river in Tibet. At the beginning of the 7th century, King SongzanGambo began to rule the whole of Tibet and made Losha (today’s Lhasa) thecapital. He designated official posts, defined military and administrative areas,created the Tibetan script, formulated laws and unified weights and measures, thusestablishing the slavery kingdom known as ‘‘Bo,’’ which was called ‘‘Tubo’’ inChinese historical documents. The Tibetan language that belongs to the Tibetan-Burman group of the Sino-Tibetan language family is divided into three dialectsand has both spoken and written forms. The Tibetans believe in the IndianMahayana form of Buddhism but have gradually developed a distinctive TibetanBuddhism which is also called Lamaism.

Tu

The Tu (or Monguor) ethnic minority is located mainly in Huzhu, Minhe, andDatong counties of Qinghai province as well as in Gansu province. Chinese term‘‘Tu’’ was derived from the name of Tuyühu Khan, who was the older son of theKing of Murong Xianbei who migrated westward from the northeast in AD 284.The last character of Tuyühu, pronounced as ‘‘hun’’ today, may have been pro-nounced ‘‘hu’’ in some dialect of ancient Chinese language. The Tu people speak alanguage belongs to the Mongolian group of the Altaic phylum. However, nowritten form exists. They can write in Chinese and today they are also using thecharacters created in recent years. The Tu people practice the faith of animism andsome are the followers of Daoism. After the Ming dynasty (AD 1368–1644), manyturned to Lamaism. There are over 40 temples of that religion as the center ofBuddhist activities where they live. Dignitaries had also edited many Buddhistsutras and spread widely. In most villages, a Buddhist temple and a Taoist shrinecoexist. There have also been multiple Catholic churches constructed in the past.


Tujia

The Tujia are an ethnic minority found in the provinces of Hunan, Hubei,Sichuan, and Guizhou. The Tujia people have a long history, dating back morethan 2,000 years, when the Ba kingdom reached the zenith of its power between600 BC and 400 BC but was destroyed by the Qin in 316 BC. Their ancestors firstimmigrated to the western parts of Hunan and Hubei provinces. After beingreferred to by a long succession of different names in ancient documents, the Tujiapeople appear in historical records as their present status from about 14th centuryonwards. The Tujia speak a language that is very similar to the one used in Tibetautonomous region and Myanmar. Because the Tujia language has no writtenform, many Tujia people use Chinese. The Tujia people believe in the power ofancestors and gods, and hold sacrificial ceremonies during festivals. White tigersare highly revered and are thought to prevent evil.

Uyghur

The Uyghur ethnic minority lives mainly in Xinjiang Uyghur autonomousregions, especially to the south of Mt. Tianshan. The name Uyghur, which theyalso use to refer to themselves, means alliance or assistance. The Uyghurs have aprofound history. Historical records indicate that Uyghur people had strong tradeand communication links with a variety of middle Asian countries and other ethnicgroups of China. The origin of the ethnic group can be traced back to the Dinglingnomads in northern and northwestern China and in areas south of Lake Baikal and


between the Irtish river and Lake Balkhash in the third century BC. The Uyghurshave their own language and alphabet which belongs to the Turkic group of theAltaic phylum. Much of the written Uygur literature has been passed down fromthe 11th century. Originally the Uyghurs had believed in shamanism, Maniche-anism, Jing, Zoroastrianism, and Buddhism. Since the 11th century the Uyghurpeople have gradually turned to Islam. This has strongly influenced their way oflife and most festivals celebrated today relate to this religion.

Uzbek

The Uzbek people live in Yining, Tacheng, Kashgar, Shache, Yecheng andUrumqi cities of Xinjiang Uyghur autonomous region. The name, Uzbek means‘leader of self’. It originated from the Uzbek Khan, one of the local rulers underthe Mongol Empire in the 14th century. The ancestors of the Uzbek group movedto China’s Xinjiang from Central Asia in ancient times. In the Yuan dynasty(AD 1271–1368), Uzbek merchants often traveled along ‘‘the Silk Road’’ throughXinjiang to do business in inland areas. Their language belongs to Turkic group ofthe Altaic phylum, and they write in Uyghur character. Living along the famousSilk Road, the Uzbek people were mainly involved in commerce and trade untilthe Qing dynasty (AD 1644–1911). The Uzbek people are Islamic, and theiradherence to Islamic customs is reflected in their food, clothing and culture, whichare similar to those of the Uyghur and Tatar people.

Va


The Va (or Wa) live mainly in northern Myanmar, especially in the northernpart of Shan state and the eastern part of Kachin state, near and along the Sino-Myanmar border. In China, the Va ethnic minority lives primarily in Ximeng,Cangyuan and Menglian counties of Yunnan province. The Va were known as the‘‘Wild Wa [Va]’’ by British administrators during Britain’s colonial control ofMyanmar due to their practice of headhunting. The Va speak a Mon-Khmer lan-guage that belongs to the Austro-Asiatic phylum, and the Va people use threedifferent dialects. In 1957 a written formal language was created for the Va, sincethere were no characters that had been widely used. Traditionally the Va believe inthe power of natural things and believe that all things have their spirits, includingfor example water, mountain, and wood. In recent years, some of the Va havebecome followers of Buddhism and Christianity.

Xibe

The Xibe ethnic minority mainly inhabits Liaoning and Jilin provinces, andXinjiang Uyghur autonomous region. The Xibes think they are descendants of theancient Xianbei people—a branch of the ancient Donghu ethnic group in northernChina. Between AD 158 and 167, the Xianbei people formed a powerful tribalalliance and, between the third and sixth centuries, established political regimes incentral China, where they mixed with Han people. But a small number of theXianbei people never strayed very far from their native land. They were probablythe ancestors of the Xibe people. They traditionally lived in the northeast ofLiaoning with the Manchus, but in AD 1764 many were sent to the west as guardson the border with Russian frontier. At present, the Xibe living in Xinjiang speakthe Xibe language, part of the Tungus-Manchu group of the Altaic phylum;whereas those in Northeast China usually speak Chinese and Mongolian. The Xibepeople once were animists, shamanists, Lamaists. More recently, as they assimi-lated other cultures, a few of them also observed Confucianism and TibetanBuddhism.


Yao

The Yao ethnic minority is a typical nationality living in the mountain regionsof the southern China. Their main habitats are Hunan, Yunnan, Guangdong,Guizhou, and Jiangxi provinces together with Guangxi Zhuang autonomousregion. They are divided into several branches. Their language belongs to theMiao-Yao sub-group of the Sino-Tibetan language family. While most peoplespeak the Yao language, some speak a language similar to the Miao language, anda few even use the Zhuang and Dong languages. They can also speak Han andZhuang languages. As to the written characters, Nv Shu—a special written lan-guage in South China used only by women—is used. Han characters are widelyused among Yao people, but written words were created in 1982. Traditionalreligions include nature worship, ancestor, and Daoism. However, the Yao peopleliving in different regions have differing beliefs.

Yi

Although different groups of the Yi refer to themselves in different ways(including Nuosu, Nisu, Sani, Axi, Lolo, etc.), they have been grouped into asingle ethnicity by the Chinese. The Yi minority lives mainly in the hillside andbasin areas in Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou provinces together with the north-western part of Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. Nearly all the Yi people live


in mountain areas. The altitudinal differences of the Yi areas are the basis of theold saying that ‘‘weather is different a few miles away’’. This is the primary reasonwhy the Yi in various areas are so different from one another in the ways theymake a living. Divided into six mutually unintelligible dialects—Northern Yi(Nuosu), Western Yi (Lalo), Central Yi (Lolopo), Southern Yi (Nisu), South-eastern Yi (Sani), and Eastern Yi (Nasu), their language derives from the Tibetan-Burman family of the Sino-Tibetan phylum. With regard to its characters, the Yiethnic minority created the earliest syllable letters in the 13th century. Variousbeliefs are treasured, such as the belief of the spirit, the worship of their ancestors,and the adoration of nature, along with the cherishing of Catholicism, Christianity,and Buddhism.

Yugur

In Chinese, ‘Yugur’ means ‘wealth and solidity’. Most of the Yugur people livein the four areas of Sunan Yugur autonomous county, and the rest in the Yugurvillage of Huangnibao area in Jiuquan city (in western Gansu province). Thoughdescended from the Uyghurs of the ninth century and originally speaking a Turkiclanguage, three languages are being used by the Yugurs: the western Yuhur lan-guage, a Turkic branch of the Altaic language family, used by the Yugur peoplewho live in the western part of Sunan Yugur autonomous county; the easternYuhur language, a Mongolian branch of the Altaic language family, used by theYugur people living in the eastern part of the autonomous county; and Chineselanguage. However, they don’t have their own written language. Chinese char-acters are widely used amongst all the Yugur people. The Yugur people believe inTibetan Buddhism (Lamaism). Other forms of spirit worship, such as an originalbelief called the God Khan, are also cherished by them.


Zhuang

The Zhuang ethnic minority is the largest minority group in China. Over 90 %of the population is dominant in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. Theremaining Zhuang people reside in Yunnan, Guangdong, Guizhou and Hunanprovinces. Thousands of years ago, ancestors of the Zhuang settled down insouthern China. During the Spring and Autumn Period (770–221 BC), they wereone branch of the Baiyue people. ‘‘Zhuang’’ was one of the names the ancestors ofthis ethnic minority gave to themselves. The Zhuang used to call themselves by atleast a dozen other names, too. The Zhuang have a language of their own thatbelongs to the Zhuang-Dai branch of the Sino-Tibetan phylum. The language isdivided into two dialects. Chinese characters were used before 1955 for writing.Since 1957, a writing system—which is based on the Latin alphabet—has beencreated. Since ancient times, the Zhuang have had numerous kinds of beliefs. Theybelieve in the totem and their ancestors. Other religions include Buddhism,Daoism, and Christianity.

Notes

The text in this chapter is prepared by Rongxing Guo based on the followingsources: (i) The Ethnic Minorities in China [title in Chinese: ‘‘zhongguo shaoshuminzu’’, edited by the State Ethnic Affairs Commission (SEAC) of the People’sRepublic of China and published in 2010 by the Central Nationality UniversityPress, Beijing] and (ii) the introductory text of China’s 56 ethnic groups (inChinese, available at http://www.seac.gov.cn/col/col107/index.html, accessed on2013-11-20). The photos that are adopted in this chapter are drawn by ZhouXiuqing and Jin Xiang under the financial support received from the State PostBureau (SPB) of the People’s Republic of China.


http://www.seac.gov.cn/col/col107/index.html

Chapter 2Macroeconomic Conditions

Table 2.1 Gross domestic product (GDP), 2007–2011 (100 million yuan) and per capita GDP(yuan)

Ethnicgroup

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Per capitaGDP

Achang 3.88 4.63 5.02 5.88 7.23 19,530

Bai 213.82 256.09 279.08 328.64 403.89 20,168

Baonan 1.87 2.21 2.36 2.88 3.51 20,464

Blang 10.54 12.57 13.63 15.97 19.63 19,614

Buyi 267.60 328.12 359.96 424.15 522.56 17,530

Dai 132.27 157.72 171.03 200.36 246.41 19,512

Daur 32.85 41.73 46.43 55.80 68.27 48,144

Deang 2.03 2.43 2.63 3.08 3.79 19,392

Derung 1.01 1.21 1.32 1.56 1.90 23,547

Dong 350.06 426.63 473.67 570.32 698.58 22,898

Dongxiang 60.38 71.02 75.41 92.46 112.62 20,891

Ewenki 8.26 10.77 12.25 14.68 18.00 55,247

Gaoshan 0.97 1.16 1.28 1.53 1.82 37,091

Gelao 51.05 62.69 68.79 81.00 99.89 17,247

Han 262496.00 312399.21 342370.85 409254.77 487614.46 38,923

Hani 164.37 196.01 212.52 248.91 306.12 19,507

Hezhe 0.98 1.15 1.20 1.45 1.75 34,899

Hui 1926.46 2347.98 2565.61 3107.43 3753.42 33,758

Jing 3.09 3.72 4.11 5.04 6.16 25,753

Jingpo 15.10 18.01 19.53 22.87 28.12 19,519

Jino 2.38 2.84 3.08 3.61 4.44 19,476

Kazak 238.64 283.34 289.77 368.29 447.69 30,085

(continued)


37

Table 2.1 (continued)

Ethnicgroup

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Per capitaGDP

Kirgiz 30.76 36.52 37.36 47.46 57.68 30,177

Korean 418.86 505.18 559.76 669.40 810.85 40,009

Lahu 51.87 61.86 67.08 78.57 96.61 19,546

Lhoba 0.41 0.47 0.53 0.61 0.73 21,396

Li 204.47 245.09 269.64 335.65 409.92 28,552

Lisu 72.81 86.84 94.25 110.53 135.90 19,721

Manchu 2688.00 3253.69 3588.50 4314.31 5193.93 45,261

Maonan 13.08 15.81 17.43 21.25 26.03 23,195

Miao 1057.21 1286.87 1426.44 1711.74 2103.11 22,899

Monba 1.25 1.45 1.61 1.86 2.21 21,335

Mongol 1520.35 1961.51 2222.38 2667.95 3264.06 52,563

Mulao 27.79 33.45 36.86 45.09 55.03 25,028

Naxi 35.57 42.40 46.02 53.97 66.34 19,749

Nu 3.34 3.98 4.31 5.05 6.21 19,767

Oroqen 1.97 2.45 2.70 3.24 3.95 45,082

Pumi 3.86 4.61 4.99 5.85 7.20 19,651

Qiang 39.63 47.28 53.05 64.40 78.76 26,250

Russian 3.60 4.46 4.83 5.93 7.22 40,774

Salar 16.97 21.41 22.73 28.31 34.90 28,688

She 199.92 232.64 256.91 309.30 366.47 45,938

Shui 36.70 45.01 49.41 58.33 71.93 17,622

Tajik 7.86 9.34 9.57 12.14 14.75 30,313

Tatar 0.94 1.12 1.15 1.45 1.76 30,379

Tibetan 737.65 882.52 970.76 1159.74 1407.97 23,583

Tu 39.63 49.76 53.00 65.68 80.75 28,922

Tujia 1186.12 1445.91 1628.15 1982.60 2439.72 30,267

Uygur 1606.37 1907.30 1951.30 2479.29 3013.36 30,153

Uzbek 2.38 2.83 2.90 3.68 4.47 30,329

Va 46.27 55.20 59.88 70.16 86.13 19,956

Xibe 47.51 57.78 63.43 77.28 93.16 45,989

Yao 407.26 489.01 540.19 656.86 797.30 28,051

Yi 894.60 1069.81 1173.81 1391.52 1708.99 21,098

Yugur 1.57 1.84 1.97 2.40 2.91 20,486

Zhuang 2282.39 2738.99 3015.27 3688.57 4495.62 25,952

38 2 Macroeconomic Conditions

Table 2.2 Gross domestic product—indices (preceding year = 100)

Ethnic group 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Achang 112.23 110.61 112.10 112.31 113.68

Bai 112.70 110.92 112.14 112.53 113.74

Baonan 112.36 110.28 110.23 111.91 112.54

Blang 112.24 110.63 112.11 112.33 113.68

Buyi 114.75 111.30 111.42 112.81 114.83

Dai 112.24 110.61 112.11 112.32 113.69

Daur 116.32 115.28 114.49 113.97 113.43

Deang 112.21 110.61 112.10 112.31 113.69

Derung 112.82 111.04 112.14 112.64 113.55

Dong 114.88 112.23 112.32 113.50 113.90

Dongxiang 112.30 110.23 110.07 111.70 112.47

Ewenki 118.32 116.95 116.13 114.70 113.98

Gaoshan 114.70 112.38 112.08 113.35 112.30

Gelao 114.79 111.31 111.41 112.81 114.88

Han 114.53 112.17 111.97 113.43 112.32

Hani 112.23 110.62 112.10 112.31 113.68

Hezhe 112.49 112.00 111.55 112.77 112.30

Hui 113.54 112.02 111.32 112.97 112.42

Jing 114.99 112.66 113.67 114.08 112.38

Jingpo 112.24 110.62 112.09 112.31 113.68

Jino 112.23 110.62 112.11 112.32 113.69

Kazak 112.20 111.00 108.11 110.61 112.00

Kirgiz 112.21 111.02 108.15 110.63 112.00

Korean 115.06 114.56 113.00 113.57 113.14

Lahu 112.23 110.62 112.10 112.31 113.68

Lhoba 114.04 110.29 112.32 112.38 112.74

Li 115.74 110.37 111.68 115.81 112.13

Lisu 112.29 110.62 112.16 112.39 113.72

Manchu 114.54 112.91 112.44 113.55 112.21

Maonan 115.00 112.32 113.10 113.76 113.06

Miao 114.61 112.07 112.37 113.54 114.12

Monba 114.03 110.16 112.36 112.34 112.67

Mongol 117.65 116.18 115.33 114.49 113.70

Mulao 115.04 112.52 113.42 113.95 112.61(continued)

2 Macroeconomic Conditions 39


Ethnic group 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Naxi 112.30 110.62 112.16 112.39 113.71

Nu 112.27 110.62 112.10 112.32 113.65

Oroqen 115.38 114.48 113.86 113.73 113.13

Pumi 112.25 110.63 112.11 112.33 113.68

Qiang 114.50 111.01 114.45 115.07 114.97

Russian 114.65 113.28 111.31 112.26 112.72

Salar 113.34 112.99 110.09 114.69 113.30

She 114.81 112.10 111.41 113.30 111.61

Shui 114.73 111.34 111.51 112.84 114.77

Tajik 112.29 111.05 108.25 110.73 112.03

Tatar 112.30 111.01 108.35 110.76 112.02

Tibetan 113.84 111.03 112.24 113.53 113.40

Tu 113.42 112.88 110.23 114.61 113.26

Tujia 115.00 113.28 113.32 114.70 114.02

Uygur 112.22 111.01 108.13 110.62 112.00

Uzbek 112.26 111.02 108.18 110.66 111.99

Va 112.28 110.66 112.11 112.34 113.65

Xibe 114.41 112.93 112.11 113.42 112.20

Yao 114.84 112.71 113.33 114.01 112.40

Yi 113.14 110.80 112.68 113.13 114.18

Yugur 112.36 110.20 110.29 111.84 112.50

Zhuang 114.88 112.54 113.59 113.99 112.32


Table 2.3 Gross domestic product (GDP) by three strata of industry (100 million yuan)

Ethnicgroup

GDP Primaryindustry

Secondaryindustry

Industry Construction Tertiaryindustry

Achang 7.23 1.13 3.08 2.45 0.63 3.01

Bai 403.89 60.96 173.47 140.07 33.41 169.45

Baonan 3.51 0.47 1.69 1.37 0.32 1.35

Blang 19.63 3.07 8.40 6.68 1.72 8.16

Buyi 522.56 64.05 208.29 175.01 33.27 250.23

Dai 246.41 38.67 105.22 83.62 21.60 102.53

Daur 68.27 6.92 36.77 32.44 4.33 24.57

Deang 3.79 0.60 1.62 1.28 0.33 1.58

Derung 1.90 0.26 0.87 0.72 0.15 0.77

Dong 698.58 91.59 310.96 267.11 43.84 296.04

Dongxiang 112.62 15.85 53.72 43.75 9.97 43.04

Ewenki 18.00 1.65 9.92 8.76 1.16 6.43

Gaoshan 1.82 0.18 0.91 0.80 0.11 0.73

Gelao 99.89 12.26 39.41 33.11 6.30 48.22

Han 487614.46 43156.59 247329.98 217891.72 29438.25 197127.89

Hani 306.12 48.02 130.65 103.80 26.85 127.45

Hezhe 1.75 0.21 0.86 0.76 0.10 0.68

Hui 3753.42 363.58 1860.85 1575.21 285.64 1528.99

Jing 6.16 1.02 2.97 2.54 0.43 2.17

Jingpo 28.12 4.41 12.00 9.54 2.46 11.71

Jino 4.44 0.70 1.89 1.50 0.39 1.85

Kazak 447.69 76.98 218.37 182.78 35.59 152.34

Kirgiz 57.68 9.89 28.16 23.59 4.57 19.64

Korean 810.85 89.16 420.60 369.72 50.88 301.09

Lahu 96.61 15.14 41.32 32.85 8.46 40.15

Lhoba 0.73 0.09 0.26 0.09 0.17 0.38

Li 409.92 104.11 119.03 80.82 38.21 186.77

Lisu 135.90 21.25 58.54 46.69 11.85 56.12

Manchu 5193.93 478.90 2712.23 2390.83 321.39 2002.81

Maonan 26.03 4.16 12.11 10.35 1.77 9.76

Miao 2103.11 272.96 943.27 801.20 142.07 886.88

Monba 2.21 0.25 0.79 0.25 0.53 1.17

Mongol 3264.06 302.41 1791.18 1579.08 212.10 1170.47

Mulao 55.03 8.83 26.19 22.48 3.71 20.00(continued)



Ethnicgroup

GDP Primaryindustry

Secondaryindustry

Industry Construction Tertiaryindustry

Naxi 66.34 10.31 28.47 22.65 5.82 27.56

Nu 6.21 0.96 2.65 2.10 0.56 2.59

Oroqen 3.95 0.41 2.09 1.85 0.24 1.45

Pumi 7.20 1.12 3.08 2.45 0.63 2.99

Qiang 78.76 11.07 41.19 35.45 5.74 26.50

Russian 7.22 0.89 3.69 3.18 0.51 2.64

Salar 34.90 3.41 19.76 16.42 3.34 11.74

She 366.47 28.59 187.76 162.17 25.58 150.12

Shui 71.93 9.11 28.82 24.18 4.65 34.00

Tajik 14.75 2.49 7.21 6.04 1.16 5.05

Tatar 1.76 0.29 0.85 0.72 0.14 0.62

Tibetan 1407.97 168.63 651.14 429.50 221.64 588.21

Tu 80.75 7.72 45.43 37.95 7.48 27.60

Tujia 2439.72 291.21 1196.49 1033.27 163.22 952.02

Uygur 3013.36 516.91 1470.04 1230.90 239.13 1026.42

Uzbek 4.47 0.76 2.17 1.82 0.35 1.54

Va 86.13 13.29 37.17 29.71 7.46 35.67

Xibe 93.16 9.13 49.43 43.23 6.20 34.60

Yao 797.30 114.34 382.17 331.71 50.47 300.78

Yi 1708.99 254.52 778.02 639.80 138.22 676.45

Yugur 2.91 0.38 1.38 1.12 0.26 1.15

Zhuang 4495.62 730.64 2162.69 1855.76 306.92 1602.30


Table 2.4 Gross domestic product of tertiary industry (100 million yuan)

Ethnicgroup

Transport,storageand post

Wholesaleand retailtrade

Hotelsandcateringservices

Financialintermediation

Realestate

Others

Achang 0.18 0.76 0.22 0.37 0.19 1.29

Bai 13.55 40.61 12.28 19.90 10.66 72.45

Baonan 0.19 0.24 0.08 0.11 0.09 0.64

Blang 0.49 2.05 0.61 1.01 0.50 3.50

Buyi 49.73 42.48 19.40 27.67 15.96 94.99

Dai 6.14 25.75 7.65 12.66 6.28 44.05

Daur 4.36 5.81 1.69 2.25 2.06 8.40

Deang 0.09 0.40 0.12 0.19 0.10 0.68

Derung 0.07 0.19 0.05 0.09 0.06 0.31

Dong 47.90 57.46 19.88 28.62 22.16 120.02

Dongxiang 5.96 7.61 2.50 3.61 3.02 20.34

Ewenki 1.26 1.55 0.47 0.59 0.51 2.05

Gaoshan 0.09 0.16 0.04 0.09 0.08 0.27

Gelao 9.76 8.06 3.77 5.29 3.03 18.32

Han 23074.87 45907.87 10203.40 24453.95 21042.22 72445.61

Hani 7.63 32.08 9.50 15.73 7.80 54.71

Hezhe 0.08 0.15 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.28

Hui 208.31 304.12 73.47 197.36 137.55 608.18

Jing 0.31 0.44 0.16 0.25 0.25 0.77

Jingpo 0.71 2.94 0.87 1.44 0.72 5.03

Jino 0.11 0.46 0.14 0.23 0.11 0.79

Kazak 17.41 25.26 5.29 19.60 11.96 72.82

Kirgiz 2.25 3.27 0.69 2.52 1.55 9.36

Korean 35.58 70.30 16.25 23.97 24.74 130.27

Lahu 2.41 10.11 3.00 4.95 2.46 17.22

Lhoba 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.22

Li 19.93 41.69 14.49 17.34 33.12 60.22

Lisu 3.44 14.00 4.19 6.91 3.48 24.10

Manchu 290.39 456.62 100.95 199.96 199.76 755.13

Maonan 1.57 1.88 0.74 1.09 1.00 3.48

Miao 132.62 176.73 59.45 94.88 66.87 356.32

Monba 0.09 0.14 0.06 0.12 0.07 0.69(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Transport,storageand post

Wholesaleand retailtrade



Realestate

Others

Mongol 218.61 277.43 80.86 109.84 96.15 387.59

Mulao 2.97 4.00 1.48 2.26 2.21 7.08

Naxi 1.68 6.83 2.04 3.42 1.71 11.87

Nu 0.16 0.64 0.19 0.32 0.16 1.12

Oroqen 0.24 0.34 0.10 0.13 0.13 0.51

Pumi 0.18 0.75 0.22 0.37 0.18 1.28

Qiang 2.44 4.52 2.10 3.29 2.35 11.80

Russian 0.39 0.54 0.14 0.31 0.21 1.05

Salar 1.45 2.05 0.44 1.35 0.68 5.77

She 17.78 33.50 6.92 22.05 18.59 51.28

Shui 6.70 5.82 2.65 3.73 2.20 12.90

Tajik 0.58 0.85 0.18 0.65 0.40 2.39

Tatar 0.07 0.11 0.02 0.08 0.05 0.29

Tibetan 54.34 83.17 33.03 62.63 36.69 318.36

Tu 3.41 5.00 1.10 3.16 1.74 13.19

Tujia 125.16 198.35 54.37 103.42 80.74 389.97

Uygur 117.27 170.65 35.73 132.09 80.77 489.90

Uzbek 0.17 0.26 0.05 0.20 0.12 0.73

Va 2.23 8.99 2.64 4.38 2.25 15.18

Xibe 4.64 7.90 1.75 3.48 3.51 13.32

Yao 37.54 64.90 19.48 30.61 31.11 117.15

Yi 56.74 149.02 51.65 82.54 46.50 290.00

Yugur 0.16 0.21 0.07 0.09 0.08 0.54

Zhuang 215.92 333.42 117.63 182.06 184.13 569.13


Table 2.5 Composition of gross domestic product (GDP) (%)

Ethnic group Primary industry Secondary industry Tertiary industry

Achang 15.84 42.57 41.59

Bai 15.33 42.60 42.07

Baonan 13.45 47.86 38.69

Blang 15.80 42.65 41.55

Buyi 12.64 39.04 48.31

Dai 15.84 42.62 41.55

Daur 10.85 53.45 35.69

Deang 15.87 42.56 41.57

Derung 14.71 44.50 40.79

Dong 13.37 42.82 43.81

Dongxiang 13.85 47.61 38.54

Ewenki 9.48 55.05 35.48

Gaoshan 11.62 50.92 37.45

Gelao 12.61 38.86 48.53

Han 10.48 51.45 38.06

Hani 15.83 42.58 41.58

Hezhe 12.91 50.05 37.04

Hui 11.26 50.56 38.17

Jing 16.96 48.02 35.02

Jingpo 15.82 42.58 41.60

Jino 15.84 42.59 41.57

Kazak 17.18 48.79 34.03

Kirgiz 17.14 48.82 34.05

Korean 11.61 52.35 36.04

Lahu 15.82 42.64 41.54

Lhoba 12.21 35.70 52.09

Li 25.24 29.09 45.58

Lisu 15.78 42.89 41.33

Manchu 9.94 53.08 36.98

Maonan 15.88 45.54 38.58

Miao 13.31 43.20 43.49

Monba 12.14 35.20 52.66

Mongol 9.64 54.81 35.55

Mulao 16.42 47.07 36.51(continued)



Ethnic group Primary industry Secondary industry Tertiary industry

Naxi 15.76 42.82 41.42

Nu 15.72 42.56 41.71

Oroqen 11.19 52.69 36.12

Pumi 15.80 42.67 41.53

Qiang 14.15 52.39 33.56

Russian 13.73 50.95 35.32

Salar 10.06 56.51 33.43

She 8.56 50.86 40.58

Shui 12.87 39.27 47.86

Tajik 16.97 48.88 34.15

Tatar 16.74 48.64 34.62

Tibetan 12.30 44.93 42.79

Tu 10.01 55.92 34.07

Tujia 12.29 48.11 39.60

Uygur 17.16 48.80 34.04

Uzbek 17.08 48.73 34.20

Va 15.71 42.85 41.44

Xibe 10.44 53.07 36.49

Yao 15.41 47.65 36.95

Yi 15.02 44.90 40.11

Yugur 13.45 47.52 39.03

Zhuang 16.89 47.95 35.16


Table 2.6 Indices of gross domestic product (GDP) (preceding year = 100)

Ethnic group GDP Primary sector Secondary sector Tertiary sector

Achang 113.68 105.98 117.85 111.99

Bai 113.74 105.36 117.78 112.36

Baonan 112.52 105.87 115.18 111.65

Blang 113.68 105.97 117.86 111.99

Buyi 114.83 101.41 117.73 116.18

Dai 113.69 105.97 117.88 111.99

Daur 113.43 105.95 115.44 112.71

Deang 113.69 105.99 117.88 112.00

Derung 113.55 105.76 117.45 111.89

Dong 113.90 102.61 117.25 113.97

Dongxiang 112.45 105.95 114.88 111.97

Ewenki 113.98 105.84 116.55 112.41

Gaoshan 112.30 104.27 114.76 111.63

Gelao 114.88 101.32 117.77 116.29

Han 112.32 104.40 114.80 111.26

Hani 113.68 105.98 117.86 111.99

Hezhe 112.30 105.93 113.40 112.87

Hui 112.42 104.88 115.29 111.03

Jing 112.38 104.71 116.34 110.73

Jingpo 113.68 105.97 117.85 112.00

Jino 113.69 105.98 117.89 111.99

Kazak 112.00 106.49 112.01 115.18

Kirgiz 112.00 106.49 112.02 115.17

Korean 113.14 105.40 116.00 111.46

Lahu 113.68 105.97 117.85 111.99

Lhoba 112.74 103.44 118.05 111.71

Li 112.13 105.95 115.39 113.40

Lisu 113.72 105.94 117.93 111.97

Manchu 112.21 105.64 114.22 111.17

Maonan 113.06 103.74 116.75 112.25

Miao 114.12 103.07 117.67 113.74

Monba 112.67 103.40 118.11 111.56

Mongol 113.70 105.74 116.28 112.16

Mulao 112.61 104.28 116.42 111.32(continued)



Ethnic group GDP Primary sector Secondary sector Tertiary sector

Naxi 113.71 105.92 117.93 111.97

Nu 113.65 105.92 117.82 111.97

Oroqen 113.13 105.91 114.96 112.63

Pumi 113.68 105.97 117.85 111.98

Qiang 114.97 104.49 120.52 111.22

Russian 112.72 106.07 113.79 113.88

Salar 113.30 104.96 116.90 110.14

She 111.61 103.97 114.27 109.96

Shui 114.77 101.55 117.72 116.00

Tajik 112.03 106.43 112.14 115.05

Tatar 112.02 106.38 112.21 114.89

Tibetan 113.40 104.22 118.35 111.13

Tu 113.26 104.90 116.84 110.17

Tujia 114.02 103.88 118.06 112.19

Uygur 112.00 106.49 112.02 115.17

Uzbek 111.99 106.45 112.04 115.11

Va 113.65 105.94 117.79 111.98

Xibe 112.20 106.35 113.74 111.89

Yao 112.40 104.62 116.22 110.81

Yi 114.18 105.05 118.59 112.26

Yugur 112.48 105.87 115.13 111.63

Zhuang 112.32 104.85 116.28 110.62


Tab

le2.

7G

over

nmen

tex

pend

itur

ein

sele

cted

sect

ors

(100

mil

lion

yuan

)

Eth

nic

grou

pE

xpen

ditu

refo

rpu

blic

secu

rity

Exp

endi

ture

for

educ

atio

nE

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ean

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chno

logy

Exp

endi

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for

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ure,

spor

tan

dm

edia

Exp

endi

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for

soci

alsa

fety

and

empl

oym

ent

effo

rt

Exp

endi

ture

for

med

ical

and

heal

thca

re

Ach

ang

0.13

0.39

0.02

0.04

0.31

0.19

Bai

7.05

20.7

71.

281.

9516

.09

10.0

7

Bao

nan

0.06

0.20

0.01

0.02

0.20

0.10

Bla

ng0.

361.

050.

060.

100.

840.

51

Buy

i10

.12

32.1

21.

983.

0416

.84

14.7

0

Dai

4.53

13.2

20.

791.

2410

.55

6.47

Dau

r0.

741.

970.

160.

311.

820.

83

Dea

ng0.

070.

200.

010.

020.

160.

10

Der

ung

0.03

0.09

0.01

0.01

0.07

0.04

Don

g9.

6330

.07

2.10

2.76

18.5

913

.96

Don

gxia

ng1.

936.

450.

330.

765.

763.

03

Ew

enki

0.18

0.49

0.04

0.08

0.46

0.21

Gao

shan

0.02

0.06

0.01

0.01

0.04

0.02

Gel

ao1.

966.

250.

380.

593.

252.

86

Han

4761

.98

1409

3.07

1777

.27

1540

.03

9568

.79

5754

.69

Han

i5.

6316

.44

0.98

1.55

13.1

28.

05

Hez

he0.

020.

050.

010.

010.

050.

02

Hui

50.3

515

5.53

14.5

918

.25

120.

7662

.59

Jing

0.07

0.24

0.02

0.02

0.13

0.12

(continued)


Tab

le2.

7(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pE

xpen

ditu

refo

rpu

blic

secu

rity

Exp

endi

ture

for

educ

atio

nE

xpen

ditu

refo

rsc

ienc

ean

dte

chno

logy

Exp

endi

ture

for

cult

ure,

spor

tan

dm

edia

Exp

endi

ture

for

soci

alsa

fety

and

empl

oym

ent

effo

rt

Exp

endi

ture

for

med

ical

and

heal

thca

re

Jing

po0.

521.

510.

090.

141.

200.

74

Jino

0.08

0.24

0.01

0.02

0.19

0.12

Kaz

ak9.

8927

.05

1.79

3.23

13.6

78.

97

Kir

giz

1.27

3.46

0.23

0.41

1.76

1.15

Kor

ean

8.79

23.5

42.

313.

1322

.58

10.1

0

Lah

u1.

775.

170.

310.

494.

132.

53

Lho

ba0.

050.

080.

000.

020.

060.

04

Li

8.54

20.6

01.

602.

6615

.05

8.18

Lis

u2.

467.

190.

430.

685.

763.

53

Man

chu

51.0

813

7.55

18.8

217

.09

138.

8253

.30

Mao

nan

0.35

1.13

0.07

0.10

0.61

0.56

Mia

o30

.50

92.7

36.

408.

6961

.93

43.1

6

Mon

ba0.

170.

260.

010.

060.

190.

12

Mon

gol

34.0

892

.44

7.87

14.8

286

.01

37.9

6

Mul

ao0.

692.

200.

150.

191.

201.

09

Nax

i1.

223.

530.

210.

342.

821.

73

Nu

0.12

0.34

0.02

0.03

0.27

0.16

Oro

qen

0.04

0.11

0.01

0.02

0.11

0.05

Pum

i0.

130.

380.

020.

040.

310.

19(continued)


Tab

le2.

7(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pE

xpen

ditu

refo

rpu

blic

secu

rity

Exp

endi

ture

for

educ

atio

nE

xpen

ditu

refo

rsc

ienc

ean

dte

chno

logy

Exp

endi

ture

for

cult

ure,

spor

tan

dm

edia

Exp

endi

ture

for

soci

alsa

fety

and

empl

oym

ent

effo

rt

Exp

endi

ture

for

med

ical

and

heal

thca

re

Qia

ng0.

922.

570.

180.

332.

411.

39

Rus

sian

0.11

0.31

0.02

0.04

0.20

0.11

Sal

ar0.

722.

600.

090.

293.

150.

97

She

3.31

9.24

1.15

0.91

4.20

3.61

Shu

i1.

384.

390.

270.

412.

312.

02

Taj

ik0.

320.

870.

060.

100.

450.

29

Tat

ar0.

040.

100.

010.

010.

050.

03

Tib

etan

61.9

711

9.47

5.15

22.9

510

7.02

52.7

9

Tu

1.59

5.74

0.20

0.64

6.90

2.15

Tuj

ia26

.89

75.9

06.

297.

1463

.21

35.5

1

Uyg

ur66

.41

181.

5112

.07

21.6

691

.72

60.1

9

Uzb

ek0.

100.

270.

020.

030.

130.

09

Va

1.54

4.52

0.27

0.43

3.60

2.20

Xib

e1.

062.

780.

370.

352.

730.

96

Yao

9.01

27.3

02.

112.

4617

.35

13.1

4

Yi

27.9

481

.53

5.01

8.27

65.0

240

.57

Yug

ur0.

050.

160.

010.

020.

160.

08

Zhu

ang

54.7

417

2.85

11.7

214

.91

97.6

586

.22


Table 2.8 Final consumption expenditure (100 million yuan)

Ethnicgroup

Finalconsumptionexpenditures

Householdconsumption

Ruralhousehold

Urbanhousehold

Governmentconsumption

Achang 4.3 3.1 1.1 1.9 1.2

Bai 232.6 169.5 61.0 108.5 63.0

Baonan 2.0 1.3 0.4 0.9 0.7

Blang 11.5 8.4 3.1 5.3 3.2

Buyi 307.1 229.1 78.3 150.8 78.0

Dai 145.3 105.3 39.1 66.2 40.0

Daur 29.0 17.5 3.7 13.8 11.5

Deang 2.2 1.6 0.6 1.0 0.6

Derung 1.0 0.7 0.2 0.5 0.3

Dong 362.1 272.7 84.3 188.3 89.4

Dongxiang 65.2 41.2 13.5 27.7 24.0

Ewenki 7.1 4.3 0.8 3.5 2.8

Gaoshan 0.8 0.6 0.1 0.5 0.2

Gelao 59.1 44.2 15.1 29.1 15.0

Han 223118.6 160862.4 36973.5 123889.0 62256.2

Hani 180.6 130.8 48.6 82.3 49.7

Hezhe 0.9 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.3

Hui 1804.8 1200.3 296.3 904.0 604.6

Jing 3.0 2.2 0.7 1.6 0.7

Jingpo 16.6 12.0 4.5 7.6 4.6

Jino 2.6 1.9 0.7 1.2 0.7

Kazak 238.3 132.5 37.9 94.5 105.9

Kirgiz 30.7 17.1 4.9 12.2 13.6

Korean 355.7 239.7 56.2 183.5 116.0

Lahu 56.9 41.2 15.3 25.9 15.7

Lhoba 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3

Li 193.1 132.6 37.3 95.3 60.5

Lisu 79.6 57.8 21.4 36.3 21.8

Manchu 2179.4 1559.0 303.6 1255.4 620.4

Maonan 13.1 9.9 3.0 6.9 3.2

Miao 1103.6 824.4 255.5 568.9 279.2

Monba 1.3 0.6 0.2 0.3 0.8

Mongol 1303.3 812.9 164.0 648.9 490.4(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Finalconsumptionexpenditures


Ruralhousehold

Urbanhousehold


Mulao 26.9 20.4 6.0 14.4 6.5

Naxi 38.9 28.2 10.4 17.8 10.8

Nu 3.6 2.6 1.0 1.7 1.0

Oroqen 1.7 1.1 0.2 0.8 0.7

Pumi 4.2 3.1 1.1 1.9 1.2

Qiang 39.1 29.8 10.4 19.4 9.3

Russian 3.4 2.0 0.5 1.5 1.4

Salar 18.2 10.6 3.2 7.4 7.6

She 162.8 124.5 29.4 95.2 38.3

Shui 42.1 31.3 10.8 20.6 10.7

Tajik 7.8 4.4 1.2 3.1 3.4

Tatar 0.9 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.4

Tibetan 783.3 422.0 154.8 267.2 361.3

Tu 41.8 25.0 7.4 17.6 16.8

Tujia 1158.9 854.6 223.0 631.6 304.3

Uygur 1602.8 891.9 255.0 636.9 710.9

Uzbek 2.4 1.3 0.4 1.0 1.0

Va 50.2 36.4 13.4 23.0 13.8

Xibe 39.7 28.5 5.4 23.1 11.2

Yao 384.6 292.7 80.7 212.1 91.8

Yi 956.4 705.4 255.5 449.9 251.1

Yugur 1.7 1.1 0.4 0.7 0.6

Zhuang 2180.1 1650.8 478.8 1172.1 529.2


Table 2.9 Composition of final consumption expenditure

Ethnicgroup

Final consumption expenditures = 100 Household consumptionexpenditures = 100



Ruralhousehold

Urbanhousehold

Achang 72.5 27.5 37.3 62.7

Bai 72.9 27.1 36.4 63.6

Baonan 64.1 35.9 33.3 66.7

Blang 72.5 27.5 37.2 62.8

Buyi 74.6 25.4 35.0 65.0

Dai 72.5 27.5 37.3 62.7

Daur 60.6 39.4 21.7 78.3

Deang 72.4 27.6 37.3 62.7

Derung 72.2 27.8 34.7 65.3

Dong 75.2 24.8 32.3 67.7

Dongxiang 63.7 36.3 33.0 67.0

Ewenki 60.3 39.7 20.1 79.9

Gaoshan 72.7 27.3 26.9 73.1

Gelao 74.7 25.3 35.0 65.0

Han 72.5 27.5 26.0 74.0

Hani 72.5 27.5 37.3 62.7

Hezhe 62.9 37.1 24.1 75.9

Hui 67.5 32.5 27.6 72.4

Jing 75.6 24.4 30.0 70.0

Jingpo 72.5 27.5 37.2 62.8

Jino 72.5 27.5 37.3 62.7

Kazak 55.6 44.4 28.7 71.3

Kirgiz 55.6 44.4 28.6 71.4

Korean 67.4 32.6 24.7 75.3

Lahu 72.5 27.5 37.3 62.7

Lhoba 41.3 58.7 43.7 56.3

Li 68.7 31.3 28.4 71.6

Lisu 72.6 27.4 37.2 62.8

Manchu 72.1 27.9 21.1 78.9

Maonan 75.5 24.5 31.4 68.6

Miao 74.7 25.3 32.3 67.7

Monba 39.9 60.1 44.3 55.7(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Final consumption expenditures = 100 Household consumptionexpenditures = 100



Ruralhousehold

Urbanhousehold

Mongol 62.9 37.1 20.9 79.1

Mulao 75.7 24.3 30.3 69.7

Naxi 72.4 27.6 37.2 62.8

Nu 72.0 28.0 37.3 62.7

Oroqen 61.6 38.4 22.1 77.9

Pumi 72.4 27.6 37.2 62.8

Qiang 76.3 23.7 34.9 65.1

Russian 58.1 41.9 25.1 74.9

Salar 58.4 41.6 30.8 69.2

She 76.3 23.7 24.9 75.1

Shui 74.6 25.4 34.9 65.1

Tajik 56.2 43.8 28.6 71.4

Tatar 56.4 43.6 28.6 71.4

Tibetan 54.4 45.6 38.6 61.4

Tu 59.8 40.2 30.6 69.4

Tujia 73.8 26.2 27.1 72.9

Uygur 55.6 44.4 28.6 71.4

Uzbek 55.9 44.1 28.6 71.4

Va 72.5 27.5 37.0 63.0

Xibe 71.8 28.2 19.9 80.1

Yao 75.9 24.1 29.2 70.8

Yi 73.8 26.2 36.4 63.6

Yugur 64.5 35.5 33.2 66.8

Zhuang 75.6 24.4 29.9 70.1


Tab

le2.

10H

ouse

hold

cons

umpt

ion

expe

ndit

ure

Eth

nic

grou

pL

evel

(yua

n)U

rban

/rur

alco

nsum

ptio

nra

tio

(rur

alho

useh

old

=1)

Inde

x(p

rece

ding

year

=10

0)

All

hous

ehol

dsR

ural

hous

ehol

dU

rban

hous

ehol

dA

llho

useh

olds

Rur

alho

useh

old

Urb

anho

useh

old

Ach

ang

8338

.948

50.1

1451

7.8

3.0

121.

512

7.5

114.

9

Bai

8465

.148

43.5

1466

7.2

3.0

120.

912

6.4

114.

4

Bao

nan

7618

.340

44.7

1362

7.9

3.4

120.

112

7.0

114.

2

Bla

ng83

58.3

4856

.114

536.

63.

012

1.5

127.

511

4.9

Buy

i77

08.4

4149

.514

156.

23.

411

8.8

123.

811

0.1

Dai

8340

.048

51.8

1451

8.3

3.0

121.

512

7.5

114.

9

Dau

r12

327.

459

56.2

1734

9.1

2.9

119.

612

5.0

116.

3

Dea

ng83

03.4

4834

.014

484.

83.

012

1.5

127.

511

4.9

Der

ung

9144

.151

07.0

1516

7.1

3.0

121.

012

6.6

114.

8

Don

g89

67.5

4735

.115

312.

13.

211

8.1

121.

911

2.0

Don

gxia

ng76

77.7

4047

.513

718.

13.

412

0.2

126.

711

4.4

Ew

enki

1316

3.7

6032

.218

673.

83.

112

0.8

126.

111

7.2

Gao

shan

1206

4.8

6281

.517

637.

22.

811

7.6

122.

211

3.2

Gel

ao76

43.0

4096

.514

107.

03.

411

8.8

123.

810

9.9

Han

1278

9.6

6661

.518

224.

02.

711

8.3

122.

711

3.9

Han

i83

37.1

4850

.414

516.

63.

012

1.5

127.

511

4.9

Hez

he11

199.

261

18.8

1506

8.3

2.5

116.

812

3.0

114.

0

Hui

1072

4.7

5466

.216

433.

93.

011

8.4

123.

011

4.1 (continued)


Tab

le2.

10(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pL

evel

(yua

n)U

rban

/rur

alco

nsum

ptio

nra

tio

(rur

alho

useh

old

=1)

Inde

x(p

rece

ding

year

=10

0)

All

hous

ehol

dsR

ural

hous

ehol

dU

rban

hous

ehol

dA

llho

useh

olds

Rur

alho

useh

old

Urb

anho

useh

old

Jing

9367

.247

86.8

1578

0.0

3.3

116.

212

1.9

112.

0

Jing

po83

38.4

4845

.614

519.

43.

012

1.5

127.

511

4.9

Jino

8331

.348

45.7

1450

8.3

3.0

121.

512

7.5

114.

9

Kaz

ak89

01.8

4499

.514

668.

53.

312

0.2

122.

411

5.8

Kir

giz

8930

.545

18.0

1467

7.7

3.2

120.

212

2.4

115.

8

Kor

ean

1179

8.4

6430

.915

929.

12.

511

7.3

126.

111

3.9

Lah

u83

40.3

4850

.514

521.

93.

012

1.5

127.

511

4.9

Lho

ba53

68.6

3074

.911

928.

93.

911

0.2

117.

010

4.2

Li

9247

.051

80.7

1341

7.9

2.6

122.

113

4.6

116.

4

Lis

u83

77.4

4878

.314

546.

23.

012

1.5

127.

411

5.0

Man

chu

1356

2.0

6603

.718

444.

92.

811

8.9

123.

011

5.5

Mao

nan

8826

.945

37.2

1530

4.6

3.4

116.

812

2.3

111.

3

Mia

o89

91.3

4735

.315

273.

93.

211

8.9

123.

011

2.6

Mon

ba53

27.9

3068

.311

898.

23.

910

9.7

116.

810

3.8

Mon

gol

1306

7.6

6062

.818

574.

73.

112

0.6

125.

511

6.9

Mul

ao92

76.7

4711

.115

740.

33.

311

6.3

122.

011

1.6

Nax

i83

84.6

4879

.814

551.

13.

012

1.4

127.

311

4.9

Nu

8345

.048

50.4

1452

4.3

3.0

121.

312

7.3

114.

7 (continued)


Tab

le2.

10(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pL

evel

(yua

n)U

rban

/rur

alco

nsum

ptio

nra

tio

(rur

alho

useh

old

=1)

Inde

x(p

rece

ding

year

=10

0)

All

hous

ehol

dsR

ural

hous

ehol

dU

rban

hous

ehol

dA

llho

useh

olds

Rur

alho

useh

old

Urb

anho

useh

old

Oro

qen

1216

4.9

6064

.416

859.

42.

811

8.8

124.

511

5.6

Pum

i83

63.4

4862

.914

534.

33.

012

1.5

127.

511

4.9

Qia

ng99

30.9

5882

.315

713.

22.

712

1.0

123.

911

6.5

Rus

sian

1096

1.2

5303

.416

588.

93.

112

0.2

123.

611

6.2

Sal

ar87

16.4

4831

.813

537.

32.

811

9.4

127.

111

2.7

She

1557

8.3

8771

.420

676.

42.

411

5.3

120.

111

1.5

Shu

i76

94.3

4146

.414

143.

93.

411

8.8

123.

811

0.2

Taj

ik90

13.8

4554

.214

768.

53.

212

0.1

122.

411

5.7

Tat

ar91

01.1

4607

.314

838.

03.

212

0.1

122.

511

5.6

Tib

etan

7160

.241

22.9

1312

9.9

3.2

115.

412

1.6

109.

5

Tu

8972

.449

25.8

1387

2.0

2.8

119.

312

7.0

112.

7

Tuj

ia10

587.

652

74.8

1649

9.0

3.1

119.

412

1.1

115.

3

Uyg

ur89

23.9

4510

.614

688.

93.

312

0.2

122.

311

5.8

Uzb

ek90

08.5

4550

.014

765.

73.

212

0.1

122.

411

5.7

Va

8424

.648

78.9

1460

4.2

3.0

121.

412

7.4

114.

9

Xib

e14

065.

566

53.7

1907

8.0

2.9

119.

812

1.7

116.

8

Yao

1028

6.4

5187

.716

634.

43.

211

6.7

121.

511

3.0

Yi

8689

.850

48.7

1478

9.5

2.9

121.

112

6.1

114.

8 (continued)


Tab

le2.

10(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pL

evel

(yua

n)U

rban

/rur

alco

nsum

ptio

nra

tio

(rur

alho

useh

old

=1)

Inde

x(p

rece

ding

year

=10

0)

All

hous

ehol

dsR

ural

hous

ehol

dU

rban

hous

ehol

dA

llho

useh

olds

Rur

alho

useh

old

Urb

anho

useh

old

Yug

ur76

90.8

4068

.313

728.

53.

412

0.1

126.

911

4.2

Zhu

ang

9524

.248

20.6

1596

3.4

3.3

116.

312

2.2

112.

1


Table 2.11 Total investment in fixed assets by status of registration (100 million yuan)

Ethnicgroup

Total State-ownedfirms

Privatefirms

Self-employedindividuals

Others

Achang 5.0 1.9 1.0 0.2 1.9

Bai 275.7 102.6 53.0 13.1 107.0

Baonan 2.8 1.4 0.3 0.1 1.0

Blang 13.6 5.2 2.6 0.6 5.2

Buyi 373.3 147.6 54.0 18.9 152.8

Dai 170.7 65.0 32.9 8.1 64.7

Daur 46.7 15.8 7.0 1.0 22.9

Deang 2.6 1.0 0.5 0.1 1.0

Derung 1.3 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.4

Dong 452.7 148.8 86.2 22.9 194.8

Dongxiang 87.1 41.4 10.5 2.6 32.6

Ewenki 12.7 4.2 1.9 0.2 6.4

Gaoshan 1.1 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.5

Gelao 71.7 28.6 10.1 3.7 29.3

Han 282584.0 69548.2 66654.2 9568.3 136813.3

Hani 212.1 80.8 41.1 10.0 80.2

Hezhe 1.0 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.4

Hui 2546.8 795.7 525.9 88.0 1137.2

Jing 4.1 1.1 0.9 0.3 1.8

Jingpo 19.5 7.4 3.8 0.9 7.4

Jino 3.1 1.2 0.6 0.1 1.2

Kazak 313.6 110.6 41.0 13.7 148.3

Kirgiz 40.3 14.2 5.3 1.8 19.0

Korean 550.5 133.9 133.8 19.1 263.7

Lahu 66.9 25.4 13.0 3.2 25.3

Lhoba 0.6 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.2

Li 268.3 71.8 25.4 10.0 161.1

Lisu 94.2 35.6 18.1 4.4 36.1

Manchu 3735.8 813.6 1111.2 95.9 1715.1

Maonan 17.7 5.2 3.7 1.1 7.7

Miao 1396.0 475.5 262.4 65.3 592.8

Monba 1.8 1.3 0.1 0.1 0.3

Mongol 2341.4 726.6 409.9 39.1 1165.8

Mulao 36.4 10.1 8.0 2.2 16.1(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Total State-ownedfirms

Privatefirms

Self-employedindividuals

Others

Naxi 45.9 17.5 8.8 2.2 17.4

Nu 4.3 1.7 0.8 0.2 1.6

Oroqen 2.6 0.9 0.4 0.1 1.2

Pumi 5.0 1.9 1.0 0.2 1.9

Qiang 53.1 17.2 7.7 2.2 26.0

Russian 5.0 1.7 0.7 0.1 2.5

Salar 29.2 13.3 2.7 1.4 11.8

She 193.4 49.6 47.1 6.2 90.5

Shui 51.7 20.2 7.7 2.6 21.2

Tajik 10.3 3.6 1.4 0.4 4.9

Tatar 1.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.5

Tibetan 1126.8 618.1 103.8 47.8 357.1

Tu 65.7 29.6 6.4 3.1 26.6

Tujia 1564.4 472.1 337.5 59.4 695.4

Uygur 2108.0 742.3 276.4 92.3 997

Uzbek 3.1 1.1 0.4 0.1 1.5

Va 59.4 22.2 11.6 2.8 22.8

Xibe 70.9 15.9 21.7 1.7 31.6

Yao 480.5 130.8 106.9 27.0 215.8

Yi 1179.4 430.3 204.9 53.7 490.5

Yugur 2.3 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.8

Zhuang 2930.1 792.0 657.8 179.8 1300.5


Table 2.12 Indicators of energy consumption

Ethnicgroup

Energy consumption per10000 yuan of GDP(equivalent value)

Energy consumption per10000 yuan of Industrialvalue-added change (abovedesignated size, equivalentweight)

Electricityconsumption per10,000 yuan ofGDP change

Index (ton ofSCE/10,000 yuan)

Change(± %)

(± %) (± %)

Achang 1.16 -3.21 -9.86 5.40

Bai 1.19 -3.29 -9.56 4.09

Baonan 1.43 -1.72 -1.14 2.66

Blang 1.16 -3.22 -9.85 5.37

Buyi 1.67 -3.50 -7.94 -1.51

Dai 1.16 -3.23 -9.88 5.37

Daur 1.27 -2.50 -4.22 1.61

Deang 1.16 -3.21 -9.88 5.44

Derung 1.15 -3.18 -8.96 4.35

Dong 1.33 -3.55 -7.84 -1.67

Dongxiang 1.43 -1.40 -0.63 3.52

Ewenki 1.35 -2.63 -4.53 3.31

Gaoshan 0.94 -3.24 -5.97 0.18

Gelao 1.68 -3.51 -7.94 -1.63

Han 0.92 -3.49 -6.27 -0.45

Hani 1.16 -3.22 -9.89 5.41

Hezhe 1.03 -3.45 -5.27 -3.93

Hui 1.42 -0.07 -0.06 5.43

Jing 0.83 -3.32 -6.15 -0.15

Jingpo 1.16 -3.22 -9.87 5.38

Jino 1.16 -3.23 -9.88 5.40

Kazak 1.63 6.92 9.22 14.63

Kirgiz 1.62 6.83 9.09 14.47

Korean 0.97 -3.57 -4.76 -3.68

Lahu 1.16 -3.23 -9.88 5.39

Lhoba 0.11 -0.20 -0.41 0.08

Li 0.74 4.70 11.32 3.62

Lisu 1.16 -3.25 -9.82 5.20

Manchu 1.11 -3.49 -5.56 -2.36(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Energy consumption per10000 yuan of GDP(equivalent value)

Energy consumption per10000 yuan of Industrialvalue-added change (abovedesignated size, equivalentweight)

Electricityconsumption per10,000 yuan ofGDP change

Index (ton ofSCE/10,000 yuan)

Change(± %)

(± %) (± %)

Maonan 1.06 -3.40 -6.65 -0.70

Miao 1.31 -3.47 -7.83 -0.84

Monba 0.05 -0.17 -0.30 -0.04

Mongol 1.33 -2.38 -4.25 2.85

Mulao 0.92 -3.39 -6.36 -0.50

Naxi 1.15 -3.24 -9.78 5.17

Nu 1.14 -3.17 -9.68 5.28

Oroqen 1.19 -3.08 -4.94 -0.34

Pumi 1.16 -3.22 -9.84 5.35

Qiang 1.00 -4.20 -7.74 -1.83

Russian 1.48 2.81 3.19 9.61

Salar 1.96 7.77 7.98 5.93

She 0.70 -3.25 -2.78 1.84

Shui 1.64 -3.49 -7.93 -1.38

Tajik 1.61 6.58 8.72 14.12

Tatar 1.59 6.19 8.20 13.56

Tibetan 0.80 0.59 -0.35 1.12

Tu 1.89 6.82 6.80 5.30

Tujia 1.05 -3.68 -7.26 -2.41

Uygur 1.63 6.89 9.18 14.59

Uzbek 1.61 6.75 8.97 14.36

Va 1.15 -3.23 -9.82 5.26

Xibe 1.19 -1.51 -2.49 0.23

Yao 0.85 -3.45 -6.97 -0.45

Yi 1.17 -3.53 -9.08 2.62

Yugur 1.41 -2.19 -1.67 2.38

Zhuang 0.82 -3.34 -6.31 0.09

Notes GDP (gross domestic product) and industrial value-added are at 2010 constant prices. SCEdenotes standard coal equivalent


Table 2.13 Consumer price indices and retail price indices (preceding year = 100)

Ethnicgroup

Consumer price index Retail price index

General Urbanhousehold

Ruralhousehold


Ruralhousehold

Nationalaverage

105.4 105.3 105.8 104.9 104.7 105.5

Achang 104.9 104.8 104.9 105.1 104.9 105.2

Bai 104.9 104.9 104.8 105.1 105.0 105.2

Baonan 105.9 105.9 105.7 105.4 105.6 104.9

Blang 104.9 104.8 104.6 105.1 104.9 105.0

Buyi 105.2 105.3 104.7 105.5 105.4 105.7

Dai 104.9 104.8 104.8 105.1 104.9 105.2

Daur 105.7 105.6 104.9 104.8 104.7 104.0

Deang 104.9 104.8 104.9 105.1 104.9 105.2

Derung 105.0 104.9 102.7 105.1 104.9 102.9

Dong 105.4 105.4 105.0 105.5 105.4 105.6

Dongxiang 105.9 105.9 105.8 105.4 105.5 105.1

Ewenki 105.6 105.5 104.7 104.8 104.9 103.8

Gaoshan 105.5 105.3 100.0 105.2 105.0 99.9

Gelao 105.2 105.3 104.5 105.5 105.4 105.6

Han 105.4 105.3 99.6 105.0 104.9 99.3

Hani 104.9 104.8 104.8 105.1 104.9 105.2

Hezhe 105.8 105.6 103.7 104.5 104.3 103.1

Hui 105.7 105.5 101.1 105.2 105.0 100.9

Jing 105.8 105.6 106.0 105.9 105.6 106.2

Jingpo 104.9 104.8 104.9 105.1 104.9 105.2

Jino 104.9 104.8 104.7 105.1 104.9 105.0

Kazak 105.9 105.5 106.8 105.1 104.5 106.5

Kirgiz 105.9 105.5 106.8 105.1 104.5 106.5

Korean 105.4 105.3 103.6 104.8 104.7 103.5

Lahu 104.9 104.8 104.8 105.1 104.9 105.2

Lhoba 105.0 105.2 103.7 103.8 104.0 102.4

Li 106.0 105.4 107.6 105.4 105.2 106.6

Lisu 104.9 104.8 104.9 105.1 104.9 105.2

Manchu 105.4 105.2 102.7 104.9 104.8 102.4

Maonan(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Consumer price index Retail price index


Ruralhousehold


Ruralhousehold

105.7 105.5 105.8 105.8 105.6 106.3

Miao 105.3 105.3 99.2 105.4 105.3 99.7

Monba 105.0 105.2 103.3 103.7 103.9 102.0

Mongol 105.5 105.5 104.6 104.9 104.9 103.8

Mulao 105.8 105.6 105.9 105.9 105.6 106.2

Naxi 104.9 104.8 104.8 105.1 104.9 105.1

Nu 104.9 104.8 104.9 105.1 104.9 105.2

Oroqen 105.7 105.6 104.6 104.7 104.6 103.9

Pumi 104.9 104.8 104.9 105.1 104.9 105.2

Qiang 105.3 105.1 105.5 104.7 104.4 105.0

Russian 105.8 105.5 103.9 105.0 104.7 103.4

Salar 106.1 105.9 105.8 105.4 105.4 104.7

She 105.3 105.2 105.2 105.1 104.9 105.1

Shui 105.2 105.3 104.8 105.5 105.4 105.8

Tajik 105.9 105.5 106.1 105.1 104.6 105.9

Tatar 105.9 105.5 105.6 105.1 104.6 105.3

Tibetan 105.4 105.4 105.2 104.4 104.5 104.2

Tu 106.0 105.9 105.8 105.4 105.4 104.8

Tujia 105.5 105.4 86.7 105.4 105.2 86.9

Uygur 105.9 105.5 106.7 105.1 104.5 106.5

Uzbek 105.9 105.5 106.5 105.1 104.5 106.2

Va 104.9 104.8 104.5 105.1 104.9 104.9

Xibe 105.4 105.2 104.6 105.0 104.8 104.4

Yao 105.7 105.5 105.9 105.7 105.5 106.0

Yi 105.0 105.0 105.0 105.0 104.8 105.2

Yugur 105.9 105.9 105.3 105.4 105.6 104.5

Zhuang 105.8 105.6 106.2 105.9 105.6 106.3


Notes

Data on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) are computed by the Department ofNational Accounts of the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) based on differentapproaches in the light of the different features of various sectors, variousexpenditure structures and different data sources. GDP is a measurement of valuewhich changes depending on changes of price and production. GDP at constantprices converts the gross domestic product based on the current price into a valuebased on the price of the base period. When adjusted for price changes, the valuesof two different periods can be compared to reflect changes of both products andproduction activities.

GDP index is derived from the constant-price GDPs of the two periods. Aseconomy grows, changes will take place in the price structures of various indus-tries, and the base period for the measurement of constant-price GDP thus needs tobe adjusted every few years in order to better reflect the impact of price change onthe economy. Since China started GDP calculation, eight constant-price baseperiods have been used, i.e., 1952, 1957, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000,2005, and 2010and the current base period is 2010. That is to say, the 2011 GDP is calculated onthe basis of the 2010 prices. As the calculation of constant-price GDP is based ondifferent base periods, the constant-price GDP data shall also be announced inaccordance with various periods.

The coefficient for the conversion of electric power into standard coal equiv-alent (SCE) is calculated on the basis of the heat value equivalent. One kilowatt isequal to 0.1229 kg SCE.

Data on investments in fixed assets by individuals in rural areas are provided bythe Department of Rural Social and Economic Survey of the NBS through its ruralsocial and economic survey. Other data on investments in fixed assets are fromsurveys conducted by the Department of Investment and Construction Statistics ofthe NBS. All data on investments in fixed assets are collected by the system ofreporting form with complete enumeration, except data on individual investmentsin fixed assets in rural areas, which are collected through sample surveys.

Data for compilation of the consumer price indices and the retail price indicesin China are collected by the Department of Urban Social and Economic Survey,NBS and the Department of Rural Social and Economic Survey, NBS through acombination of sample surveys and surveys of key units. Areas distributed indifferent economic regions are selected as the sample areas and representativecommodities are selected as the sample commodities. Regular surveys are con-ducted to collect data on their market prices. Population parameters are inferred onthe basis of the sample data. At present, 500 cities and counties of all provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government havebeen selected for this purpose.


Chapter 3Population and Labor Force

Table 3.1 Population at year-end (10,000 persons)

Ethnic group 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

National total 126,743 130,756 131,448 132,129 132,802 133,450 134,091 134,735

Achang 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.9 3.9

Bai 187.7 194.6 195.6 196.5 197.4 198.2 199.4 200.4

Baonan 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7

Blang 9.2 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.8 9.9 10.0 10.0

Buyi 315.8 314.4 311.4 307.0 304.3 299.8 295.3 294.6

Dai 116.1 121.7 122.6 123.4 124.2 125.0 125.8 126.6

Daur 13.6 13.8 13.9 13.9 14.0 14.1 14.1 14.2

Deang 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0

Derung 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Dong 312.1 307.9 306.9 304.9 304.2 302.3 300.4 300.7

Dongxiang 51.5 52.5 52.7 52.8 53.0 53.2 53.4 53.5

Ewenki 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.3

Gaoshan 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Gelao 61.6 61.3 60.7 59.8 59.3 58.4 57.5 57.3

Han 115190.4 117603.2 118425.7 119210.6 120150.2 121075.9 122156.0 122751.9

Hani 144.2 151.2 152.3 153.4 154.4 155.3 156.4 157.4

Hezhe 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Hui 997.5 1036.2 1045.1 1053.2 1062.9 1071.7 1083.2 1091.0

Jing 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4

Jingpo 13.2 13.9 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.4

Jino 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3

Kazak 125.3 136.1 138.8 141.9 144.3 146.2 148.0 149.6

Kirgiz 16.1 17.5 17.8 18.2 18.5 18.8 19.0 19.2

Korean 194.6 197.0 197.9 198.6 199.1 199.8 200.9 201.3

Lahu 45.4 47.6 48.0 48.3 48.6 48.9 49.3 49.6

Lhoba 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Li 130.3 136.4 137.6 138.9 140.3 141.8 142.4 143.8

(continued)


67


Ethnic group 2000 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Lisu 63.6 66.6 67.1 67.5 67.9 68.3 68.8 69.2

Manchu 1075.6 1092.6 1102.4 1109.3 1115.2 1122.2 1136.8 1141.2

Maonan 11.5 11.4 11.4 11.5 11.5 11.6 11.1 11.1

Miao 929.7 924.7 922.4 917.7 916.3 912.0 909.2 910.7

Monba 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Mongol 590.5 599.8 603.6 607.2 611.1 614.7 619.1 621.6

Mulao 22.4 22.0 22.2 22.4 22.6 22.7 21.7 21.9

Naxi 30.9 32.4 32.6 32.8 33.1 33.3 33.5 33.7

Nu 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1

Oroqen 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

Pumi 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.7

Qiang 31.0 30.5 30.4 30.2 30.3 30.5 30.0 30.0

Russian 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8

Salar 11.1 11.6 11.7 11.8 11.8 11.9 12.0 12.1

She 71.8 75.1 75.8 76.5 77.1 77.7 78.7 79.2

Shui 43.3 43.1 42.7 42.1 41.8 41.2 40.5 40.4

Tajik 4.1 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.9

Tatar 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Tibetan 547.7 570.7 576.9 581.1 586.6 592.9 595.9 599.6

Tu 25.5 26.7 26.9 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.6 27.8

Tujia 801.9 792.7 792.2 791.6 793.4 793.9 800.8 804.4

Uygur 841.4 914.3 932.4 952.8 969.2 981.7 993.8 1004.5

Uzbek 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5

Va 39.7 41.6 41.9 42.2 42.5 42.7 43.0 43.3

Xibe 19.0 19.4 19.7 19.8 20.0 20.1 20.3 20.4

Yao 279.3 275.9 278.8 281.2 283.7 286.0 280.4 282.2

Yi 784.9 804.7 806.4 807.5 810.2 813.2 811.7 814.9

Yugur 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

Zhuang 1738.0 1718.5 1740.3 1758.6 1776.6 1792.1 1715.6 1728.3

Notes Data of 2000 and 2010 are the census year estimates; the rest are the estimates from the annual national sample survey onpopulation changes. Since 2005, all data are of usual resident population

68 3 Population and Labor Force

Tab

le3.

2T

otal

popu

lati

on,

birt

hra

te,

deat

hra

te,

and

natu

ral

grow

thra

te

Eth

nic

grou

pT

otal

popu

lati

on(y

ear-

end)

(10,

000

pers

ons)

Urb

anpo

pula

tion

(%)

Rur

alpo

pula

tion

(%)

Bir

thra

te(%

)D

eath

rate

(%)

Nat

ural

grow

thra

te(%

)

Nat

iona

lto

tal

134,

735

51.2

748

.73

11.9

37.

144.

79

Ach

ang

3.7

37.0

63.0

12.7

06.

366.

34

Bai

200.

437

.662

.412

.77

6.44

6.33

Bao

nan

1.7

37.9

62.1

12.2

75.

986.

29

Bla

ng10

.037

.162

.912

.68

6.36

6.32

Buy

i29

4.6

35.9

64.1

13.2

16.

876.

34

Dai

126.

637

.063

.012

.68

6.36

6.32

Dau

r14

.256

.243

.88.

575.

573.

00

Dea

ng2.

036

.963

.112

.70

6.36

6.35

Der

ung

0.8

40.1

59.9

12.2

36.

285.

95

Don

g30

0.7

40.3

59.7

13.1

86.

716.

47

Don

gxia

ng53

.538

.161

.912

.41

5.85

6.56

Ew

enki

3.3

56.9

43.1

8.83

5.48

3.35

Gao

shan

0.5

50.6

49.4

11.1

86.

085.

10

Gel

ao57

.335

.864

.213

.24

6.88

6.36

Han

1227

51.9

52.3

47.7

10.8

06.

064.

74

Han

i15

7.4

37.0

63.0

12.6

96.

366.

33

Hez

he0.

556

.943

.17.

335.

881.

45

Hui

1091

.048

.251

.812

.18

5.72

6.46

(continued)

3 Population and Labor Force 69

Tab

le3.

2(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pT

otal

popu

lati

on(y

ear-

end)

(10,

000

pers

ons)

Urb

anpo

pula

tion

(%)

Rur

alpo

pula

tion

(%)

Bir

thra

te(%

)D

eath

rate

(%)

Nat

ural

grow

thra

te(%

)

Jing

2.4

42.3

57.7

13.5

66.

057.

51

Jing

po14

.437

.063

.012

.69

6.36

6.34

Jino

2.3

37.0

63.0

12.6

86.

366.

33

Kaz

ak14

9.6

43.6

56.4

14.9

84.

4310

.55

Kir

giz

19.2

43.7

56.3

14.9

04.

4410

.46

Kor

ean

201.

356

.143

.96.

825.

681.

14

Lah

u49

.637

.063

.012

.69

6.36

6.33

Lho

ba0.

325

.075

.015

.05

5.21

9.84

Li

143.

850

.050

.014

.60

5.80

8.80

Lis

u69

.237

.162

.912

.61

6.37

6.24

Man

chu

1141

.258

.641

.47.

786.

011.

77

Mao

nan

11.1

40.4

59.6

13.5

36.

287.

25

Mia

o91

0.7

40.5

59.5

12.8

66.

696.

18

Mon

ba1.

024

.575

.515

.12

5.17

9.95

Mon

gol

621.

656

.143

.98.

975.

583.

39

Mul

ao21

.941

.958

.113

.53

6.12

7.41

Nax

i33

.737

.162

.912

.62

6.36

6.25

Nu

3.1

36.9

63.1

12.7

26.

346.

38

Oro

qen

0.9

56.9

43.1

8.04

5.69

2.35

Pum

i3.

737

.162

.912

.67

6.36

6.31

(continued)


Tab

le3.

2(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pT

otal

popu

lati

on(y

ear-

end)

(10,

000

pers

ons)

Urb

anpo

pula

tion

(%)

Rur

alpo

pula

tion

(%)

Bir

thra

te(%

)D

eath

rate

(%)

Nat

ural

grow

thra

te(%

)

Qia

ng30

.042

.058

.09.

836.

803.

03

Rus

sian

1.8

49.3

50.7

12.4

64.

897.

57

Sal

ar12

.145

.454

.514

.13

6.04

8.09

She

79.2

56.8

43.2

11.2

55.

435.

82

Shu

i40

.435

.964

.113

.24

6.85

6.39

Taj

ik4.

943

.856

.214

.84

4.48

10.3

6

Tat

ar0.

644

.056

.014

.69

4.54

10.1

5

Tib

etan

599.

633

.566

.513

.50

5.83

7.67

Tu

27.8

45.7

54.3

13.8

96.

067.

83

Tuj

ia80

4.4

47.6

52.4

11.8

06.

525.

27

Uyg

ur10

04.5

43.6

56.4

14.9

64.

4310

.53

Uzb

ek1.

543

.856

.214

.92

4.45

10.4

7

Va

43.3

37.2

62.8

12.6

56.

366.

29

Xib

e20

.459

.240

.87.

715.

711.

99

Yao

282.

244

.555

.513

.27

6.15

7.12

Yi

814.

938

.161

.911

.96

6.54

5.42

Yug

ur1.

438

.062

.012

.14

5.98

6.15

Zhu

ang

1728

.342

.657

.413

.50

6.00

7.50

Not

esD

ata

inth

eta

ble

are

esti

mat

esfr

omth

e20

11N

atio

nalS

ampl

eS

urve

yon

Pop

ulat

ion

Cha

nges

.The

nati

onal

tota

lpop

ulat

ion

was

adju

sted

onth

eba

sis

ofsa

mpl

ing

erro

rsan

dsu

rvey

erro

rs.

The

mil

itar

ype

rson

nel

wer

ein

clud

edin

the

nati

onal

tota

lpo

pula

tion

,bu

tw

ere

not

incl

uded

inth

eet

hnic

grou

p


Tab

le3.

3P

opul

atio

nli

feex

pect

ancy

Eth

nic

grou

pL

ife

expe

ctan

cyin

2000

Mal

eF

emal

eL

ife

expe

ctan

cyin

2010

Mal

eF

emal

e

Nat

iona

lto

tal

71.4

069

.63

73.3

374

.83

72.3

877

.37

Ach

ang

65.5

764

.31

66.9

869

.62

67.1

372

.51

Bai

66.0

364

.72

67.5

070

.18

67.6

873

.07

Bao

nan

67.4

366

.67

68.3

072

.16

70.5

074

.02

Bla

ng65

.60

64.3

467

.01

69.6

467

.16

72.5

3

Buy

i66

.22

64.7

767

.85

71.2

768

.61

74.2

7

Dai

65.5

864

.32

67.0

069

.63

67.1

472

.52

Dau

r70

.74

69.0

272

.77

74.9

572

.55

77.7

5

Dea

ng65

.53

64.2

866

.93

69.5

867

.09

72.4

7

Der

ung

66.7

365

.37

68.2

570

.70

68.2

473

.55

Don

g68

.24

66.6

570

.04

72.8

370

.19

75.8

4

Don

gxia

ng67

.47

66.6

968

.38

72.2

470

.56

74.1

5

Ew

enki

70.2

568

.61

72.2

174

.67

72.2

777

.49

Gao

shan

71.5

869

.73

73.5

875

.07

72.5

577

.92

Gel

ao66

.16

64.7

267

.79

71.2

468

.58

74.2

5

Han

71.8

970

.05

73.8

975

.34

72.9

877

.99

Han

i65

.56

64.3

066

.97

69.6

067

.12

72.5

0

Hez

he72

.38

70.4

474

.62

75.9

773

.55

78.7

4

Hui

69.9

768

.44

71.6

673

.65

71.4

976

.09

Jing

71.0

468

.89

73.4

274

.90

71.6

578

.73

(continued)


Tab

le3.

3(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pL

ife

expe

ctan

cyin

2000

Mal

eF

emal

eL

ife

expe

ctan

cyin

2010

Mal

eF

emal

e

Jing

po65

.57

64.3

166

.98

69.6

267

.13

72.5

1

Jino

65.5

664

.30

66.9

769

.60

67.1

272

.50

Kaz

ak67

.42

65.9

969

.14

72.3

570

.31

74.8

6

Kir

giz

67.4

766

.03

69.2

172

.39

70.3

474

.91

Kor

ean

72.9

771

.17

74.9

976

.18

74.0

078

.60

Lah

u65

.58

64.3

266

.99

69.6

267

.14

72.5

1

Lho

ba64

.89

63.0

666

.69

68.7

266

.83

70.6

9

Li

72.5

970

.37

74.9

076

.06

72.9

879

.72

Lis

u65

.73

64.4

567

.16

69.7

667

.27

72.6

5

Man

chu

72.8

971

.07

74.9

275

.99

73.7

378

.50

Mao

nan

69.7

667

.78

71.9

773

.96

70.8

377

.60

Mia

o68

.01

66.4

569

.76

72.5

269

.92

75.4

8

Mon

ba64

.78

62.9

366

.57

68.5

666

.70

70.4

8

Mon

gol

70.4

868

.84

72.4

174

.67

72.3

277

.41

Mul

ao70

.62

68.5

172

.96

74.6

071

.39

78.3

7

Nax

i65

.72

64.4

467

.16

69.7

567

.27

72.6

4

Nu

65.6

264

.34

67.0

469

.65

67.1

872

.53

Oro

qen

71.3

469

.55

73.4

475

.33

72.9

278

.13

Pum

i65

.62

64.3

667

.03

69.6

667

.17

72.5

5

Qia

ng71

.17

69.2

373

.36

74.7

372

.23

77.5

7(continued)


Tab

le3.

3(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pL

ife

expe

ctan

cyin

2000

Mal

eF

emal

eL

ife

expe

ctan

cyin

2010

Mal

eF

emal

e

Rus

sian

68.7

567

.23

70.5

673

.41

71.2

476

.02

Sal

ar66

.34

64.9

567

.92

70.4

068

.56

72.5

0

She

72.2

770

.27

74.4

975

.80

73.4

078

.58

Shu

i66

.31

64.8

567

.96

71.3

268

.64

74.3

5

Taj

ik67

.57

66.1

269

.31

72.4

570

.40

74.9

8

Tat

ar67

.61

66.1

969

.32

72.4

970

.45

74.9

8

Tib

etan

66.6

764

.98

68.4

370

.52

68.5

272

.71

Tu

66.6

065

.19

68.1

970

.63

68.7

672

.77

Tuj

ia70

.22

68.5

372

.12

74.3

571

.93

77.1

1

Uyg

ur67

.44

66.0

169

.17

72.3

770

.32

74.8

8

Uzb

ek67

.51

66.0

769

.25

72.4

270

.37

74.9

4

Va

65.7

364

.45

67.1

569

.75

67.2

772

.64

Xib

e72

.12

70.3

774

.10

75.5

873

.36

78.0

8

Yao

70.7

868

.79

72.9

874

.65

71.7

078

.09

Yi

67.1

865

.71

68.8

371

.21

68.7

074

.10

Yug

ur67

.56

66.8

168

.40

72.2

970

.63

74.1

5

Zhu

ang

70.9

568

.79

73.3

374

.76

71.5

378

.57

Not

eD

ata

inth

ista

ble

are

calc

ulat

edac

cord

ing

toth

e20

00an

d20

10N

atio

nal

Pop

ulat

ion

Cen

suse

s


Tab

le3.

4H

ouse

hold

,po

pula

tion

,an

dse

xra

tio

Eth

nic

grou

pN

umbe

rof

hous

ehol

ds(h

ouse

hold

)F

amil

yho

useh

old

Col

lect

ive

hous

ehol

dP

opul

atio

n(p

erso

n)M

ale

Fem

ale

Sex

rati

o(f

emal

e=

100)

Nat

iona

lto

tal

371,

977

360,

447

11,5

301,

145,

209

587,

039

558,

170

105.

17

Ach

ang

99

032

1616

104.

11

Bai

513

501

121,

712

877

835

105.

05

Bao

nan

44

015

87

107.

84

Bla

ng25

251

8644

4210

4.10

Buy

i78

677

79

2,51

71,

327

1,19

011

1.61

Dai

321

312

81,

082

552

530

104.

12

Dau

r43

421

121

6161

100.

17

Dea

ng5

50

179

810

4.11

Der

ung

22

07

43

104.

09

Don

g81

380

013

2,56

91,

344

1,22

510

9.77

Don

gxia

ng14

013

82

457

237

220

107.

85

Ew

enki

1010

028

1414

99.4

4

Gao

shan

11

04

22

105.

62

Gel

ao15

315

12

490

259

231

111.

85

Han

341,

434

330,

566

10,8

681,

048,

758

537,

373

511,

383

105.

11

Han

i39

838

810

1,34

468

665

910

4.10

Hez

he1

10

42

210

1.74

Hui

2,90

82,

829

799,

321

4,79

74,

524

106.

11(continued)


Tab

le3.

4(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pN

umbe

rof

hous

ehol

ds(h

ouse

hold

)F

amil

yho

useh

old

Col

lect

ive

hous

ehol

dP

opul

atio

n(p

erso

n)M

ale

Fem

ale

Sex

rati

o(f

emal

e=

100)

Jing

66

020

1110

109.

78

Jing

po37

361

123

6360

104.

14

Jino

66

020

1010

104.

11

Kaz

ak40

039

37

1,27

865

562

210

5.32

Kir

giz

5151

116

484

8010

5.26

Kor

ean

598

592

71,

720

874

846

103.

39

Lah

u12

512

23

424

216

208

104.

10

Lho

ba1

10

31

110

4.56

Li

347

335

111,

229

639

589

108.

44

Lis

u17

617

14

591

301

290

104.

10

Man

chu

3,38

03,

336

449,

750

4,94

64,

803

102.

99

Mao

nan

3029

195

5045

110.

56

Mia

o2,

457

2,41

641

7,78

14,

051

3,73

010

8.77

Mon

ba2

20

95

410

4.52

Mon

gol

1,86

61,

818

485,

311

2,66

02,

650

100.

40

Mul

ao59

571

187

9889

110.

24

Nax

i85

832

288

147

141

104.

11

Nu

88

027

1413

104.

10

Oro

qen

33

07

44

100.

52(continued)


Tab

le3.

4(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pN

umbe

rof

hous

ehol

ds(h

ouse

hold

)F

amil

yho

useh

old

Col

lect

ive

hous

ehol

dP

opul

atio

n(p

erso

n)M

ale

Fem

ale

Sex

rati

o(f

emal

e=

100)

Pum

i9

90

3116

1510

4.10

Qia

ng87

862

256

131

125

104.

48

Rus

sian

55

015

88

103.

14

Sal

ar30

291

104

5351

103.

39

She

232

216

1567

633

833

810

0.28

Shu

i10

810

61

345

182

163

111.

51

Taj

ik13

130

4221

2010

5.33

Tat

ar2

20

53

210

5.38

Tib

etan

1,41

01,

375

355,

123

2,61

62,

508

104.

38

Tu

6866

323

812

111

710

3.75

Tuj

ia2,

241

2,20

041

6,87

33,

547

3,32

610

6.66

Uyg

ur2,

685

2,63

747

8,58

24,

402

4,18

010

5.31

Uzb

ek4

40

136

610

5.36

Va

110

107

337

018

918

110

4.10

Xib

e61

611

174

8886

102.

22

Yao

756

735

222,

411

1,25

71,

154

108.

87

Yi

2,15

32,

105

486,

962

3,56

63,

397

105.

06

Yug

ur4

40

126

610

8.01

Zhu

ang

4,60

34,

472

131

14,7

667,

724

7,04

210

9.68

Not

esD

ata

inth

ista

ble

are

obta

ined

from

the

2011

Nat

iona

lS

ampl

eS

urve

yon

Pop

ulat

ion

Cha

nges

.T

hesa

mpl

ing

frac

tion

is0.

850%


Tab

le3.

5H

ouse

hold

size

and

popu

lati

onby

gend

er

Eth

nic

grou

pF

amil

yho

useh

old

popu

lati

on(p

erso

n)M

ale

Fem

ale

Col

lect

ive

hous

ehol

dpo

pula

tion

(per

son)

Mal

eF

emal

eA

vera

gefa

mil

ysi

ze(p

erso

n/ho

useh

old)

Nat

iona

lto

tal

1,08

8,96

555

3,07

053

5,89

556

,244

33,9

6922

,275

3.02

Ach

ang

3015

151

11

3.31

Bai

1,63

583

979

677

3840

3.27

Bao

nan

147

70

00

3.25

Bla

ng82

4240

42

23.

30

Buy

i2,

413

1,24

91,

164

105

7926

3.11

Dai

1,03

152

950

251

2328

3.30

Dau

r11

659

575

23

2.78

Dea

ng16

88

10

03.

31

Der

ung

73

30

00

3.24

Don

g2,

474

1,27

41,

200

9469

253.

09

Don

gxia

ng44

622

921

711

83

3.24

Ew

enki

2613

131

01

2.75

Gao

shan

42

20

00

3.08

Gel

ao46

924

322

620

155

3.11

Han

996,

106

505,

653

490,

451

52,6

4931

,715

20,9

343.

04

Han

i1,

281

657

624

6329

353.

31

Hez

he4

22

00

02.

82

Hui

8,91

14,

536

4,37

441

026

015

03.

18(continued)


Tab

le3.

5(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pF

amil

yho

useh

old

popu

lati

on(p

erso

n)M

ale

Fem

ale

Col

lect

ive

hous

ehol

dpo

pula

tion

(per

son)

Mal

eF

emal

eA

vera

gefa

mil

ysi

ze(p

erso

n/ho

useh

old)

Jing

2010

101

10

3.15

Jing

po11

860

576

33

3.31

Jino

1910

91

01

3.31

Kaz

ak1,

255

640

615

2316

73.

20

Kir

giz

161

8279

32

13.

20

Kor

ean

1,69

085

983

130

1515

2.86

Lah

u40

420

719

720

911

3.31

Lho

ba3

11

00

04.

10

Li

1,17

761

556

252

2428

3.51

Lis

u56

328

927

428

1315

3.29

Man

chu

9,52

24,

801

4,72

122

814

682

2.87

Mao

nan

9247

444

31

3.14

Mia

o7,

479

3,84

63,

633

302

205

973.

10

Mon

ba9

44

00

04.

14

Mon

gol

5,07

32,

571

2,50

223

889

149

2.80

Mul

ao17

992

877

62

3.14

Nax

i27

414

013

414

67

3.30

Nu

2613

121

11

3.32

Oro

qen

74

40

00

2.78

(continued)


Tab

le3.

5(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pF

amil

yho

useh

old

popu

lati

on(p

erso

n)M

ale

Fem

ale

Col

lect

ive

hous

ehol

dpo

pula

tion

(per

son)

Mal

eF

emal

eA

vera

gefa

mil

ysi

ze(p

erso

n/ho

useh

old)

Pum

i30

1515

11

13.

30

Qia

ng24

212

112

114

104

2.83

Rus

sian

158

70

00

3.02

Sal

ar99

5048

52

33.

44

She

612

312

300

6427

382.

85

Shu

i33

117

116

014

114

3.11

Taj

ik41

2120

11

03.

19

Tat

ar5

22

00

03.

19

Tib

etan

4,92

02,

490

2,43

020

312

578

3.63

Tu

226

115

110

126

63.

42

Tuj

ia6,

624

3,38

13,

243

248

165

833.

01

Uyg

ur8,

428

4,29

54,

132

154

107

483.

20

Uzb

ek12

66

00

03.

20

Va

353

181

172

178

93.

30

Xib

e17

186

853

21

2.82

Yao

2,31

31,

187

1,12

698

7028

3.15

Yi

6,62

53,

381

3,24

533

718

515

23.

15

Yug

ur12

66

00

03.

24

Zhu

ang

14,1

727,

274

6,89

859

445

014

43.

17

Not

esD

ata

inth

ista

ble

are

obta

ined

from

the

2011

Nat

iona

lS

ampl

eS

urve

yon

Pop

ulat

ion

Cha

nges

.T

hesa

mpl

ing

frac

tion

is0.

850%


Tab

le3.

6P

opul

atio

nre

sidi

ngin

the

tow

nshi

ps,

tow

ns,

and

stre

etco

mm

unit

ies

byse

x(p

erso

n)

Eth

nic

grou

pW

ith

perm

anen

tho

useh

old

regi

stra

tion

Wit

hpe

rman

ent

hous

ehol

dre

gist

rati

onel

sew

here

havi

ngbe

enaw

ayfr

omth

ose

plac

esfo

rm

ore

than

6m

onth

s

Sub

tota

lM

ale

Fem

ale

Sub

tota

lM

ale

Fem

ale

Nat

iona

lto

tal

909,

392

463,

562

445,

830

223,

697

117,

332

106,

365

Ach

ang

2614

135

23

Bai

1,42

273

368

926

813

313

5

Bao

nan

137

61

11

Bla

ng71

3734

147

7

Buy

i2,

045

1,07

097

642

323

518

9

Dai

896

462

435

172

8389

Dau

r90

4644

3114

16

Dea

ng14

77

31

1

Der

ung

63

31

11

Don

g2,

151

1,11

71,

034

378

208

171

Don

gxia

ng40

320

819

650

2822

Ew

enki

1910

98

44

Gao

shan

32

21

00

Gel

ao39

820

819

082

4636

Han

831,

133

423,

285

407,

848

206,

685

108,

516

98,1

74

Han

i1,

114

574

540

214

104

110

Hez

he3

22

10

0(continued)


Tab

le3.

6(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pW

ith

perm

anen

tho

useh

old

regi

stra

tion

Wit

hpe

rman

ent

hous

ehol

dre

gist

rati

onel

sew

here

havi

ngbe

enaw

ayfr

omth

ose

plac

esfo

rm

ore

than

6m

onth

s

Sub

tota

lM

ale

Fem

ale

Sub

tota

lM

ale

Fem

ale

Hui

7,43

53,

796

3,63

81,

796

956

840

Jing

179

83

21

Jing

po10

253

5020

1010

Jino

168

83

22

Kaz

ak97

550

347

228

414

314

1

Kir

giz

125

6561

3618

18

Kor

ean

1,39

071

367

631

615

416

2

Lah

u35

118

117

067

3335

Lho

ba3

11

00

0

Li

948

503

445

262

127

135

Lis

u49

025

223

894

4648

Man

chu

7,80

73,

973

3,83

31,

881

941

939

Mao

nan

7941

3814

86

Mia

o6,

463

3,34

93,

114

1,20

564

755

7

Mon

ba8

44

10

0

Mon

gol

3,80

61,

941

1,86

51,

470

702

768

Mul

ao15

681

7528

1512

Nax

i23

812

311

646

2224

(continued)


Tab

le3.

6(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pW

ith

perm

anen

tho

useh

old

regi

stra

tion

Wit

hpe

rman

ent

hous

ehol

dre

gist

rati

onel

sew

here

havi

ngbe

enaw

ayfr

omth

ose

plac

esfo

rm

ore

than

6m

onth

s

Sub

tota

lM

ale

Fem

ale

Sub

tota

lM

ale

Fem

ale

Nu

2211

114

22

Oro

qen

63

32

11

Pum

i26

1313

52

3

Qia

ng21

310

710

641

2318

Rus

sian

116

54

22

Sal

ar83

4241

2010

10

She

436

222

214

228

110

117

Shu

i28

214

713

457

3226

Taj

ik32

1615

95

5

Tat

ar4

22

11

1

Tib

etan

4,43

82,

248

2,19

163

134

428

8

Tu

190

9793

4523

22

Tuj

ia5,

770

2,96

62,

804

1,02

954

348

5

Uyg

ur6,

547

3,38

03,

167

1,90

996

494

5

Uzb

ek10

55

31

1

Va

307

158

149

5929

30

Xib

e13

770

6737

1818

Yao

2,02

91,

050

979

349

191

158

(continued)


Tab

le3.

6(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pW

ith

perm

anen

tho

useh

old

regi

stra

tion

Wit

hpe

rman

ent

hous

ehol

dre

gist

rati

onel

sew

here

havi

ngbe

enaw

ayfr

omth

ose

plac

esfo

rm

ore

than

6m

onth

s

Sub

tota

lM

ale

Fem

ale

Sub

tota

lM

ale

Fem

ale

Yi

5,76

52,

955

2,80

91,

114

569

545

Yug

ur11

65

11

1

Zhu

ang

12,3

546,

416

5,93

82,

181

1,19

898

2

Not

esD

ata

inth

ista

ble

are

obta

ined

from

the

2011

Nat

iona

lS

ampl

eS

urve

yon

Pop

ulat

ion

Cha

nges

.T

hesa

mpl

ing

frac

tion

is0.

850%


Tab

le3.

7A

geco

mpo

siti

onan

dde

pend

ency

rati

oof

popu

lati

on

Eth

nic

grou

pP

opul

atio

n(p

erso

n)A

ged

0–14

Age

d15

–64

Age

d65

and

over

Gro

ssde

pend

ency

rati

o(%

)C

hild

ren

depe

nden

cyra

tio

Old

depe

nden

cyra

tio

Nat

iona

lto

tal

1,14

5,20

918

8,59

085

2,07

810

4,54

134

.40

22.1

312

.27

Ach

ang

326

232

37.4

526

.86

10.5

9

Bai

1,71

233

91,

236

138

38.7

827

.59

11.1

9

Bao

nan

153

111

34.8

423

.10

11.7

4

Bla

ng86

1762

737

.45

26.8

410

.62

Buy

i2,

517

597

1,69

222

849

.01

35.5

013

.52

Dai

1,08

221

178

784

37.4

726

.85

10.6

2

Dau

r12

116

969

26.1

116

.84

9.27

Dea

ng17

312

137

.46

26.8

910

.57

Der

ung

71

51

36.7

525

.82

10.9

4

Don

g2,

569

552

1,77

224

445

.40

31.5

813

.81

Don

gxia

ng45

779

339

3934

.91

23.2

811

.64

Ew

enki

284

222

26.0

717

.14

8.94

Gao

shan

41

30

36.4

824

.30

12.1

9

Gel

ao49

011

732

844

49.3

435

.77

13.5

7

Han

1,04

8,75

817

0,41

178

2,08

096

,267

34.6

922

.18

12.5

0

Han

i1,

344

263

978

104

37.4

526

.86

10.5

9

Hez

he4

13

025

.46

15.2

510

.21

Hui

9,32

11,

682

6,91

073

035

.31

24.6

310

.69(continued)


Tab

le3.

7(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

opul

atio

n(p

erso

n)A

ged

0–14

Age

d15

–64

Age

d65

and

over

Gro

ssde

pend

ency

rati

o(%

)C

hild

ren

depe

nden

cyra

tio

Old

depe

nden

cyra

tio

Jing

204

142

45.2

731

.60

13.6

8

Jing

po12

324

9010

37.4

826

.89

10.5

9

Jino

204

142

37.4

526

.85

10.5

9

Kaz

ak1,

278

255

939

8536

.14

27.1

49.

01

Kir

giz

164

3312

111

36.0

227

.02

9.02

Kor

ean

1,72

021

41,

354

152

27.1

515

.91

11.2

4

Lah

u42

483

308

3337

.46

26.8

610

.60

Lho

ba3

12

038

.62

31.4

07.

23

Li

1,22

924

689

786

37.1

727

.55

9.62

Lis

u59

111

543

046

37.4

926

.73

10.7

7

Man

chu

9,75

01,

269

7,55

892

429

.16

16.9

112

.26

Mao

nan

9521

659

46.8

133

.05

13.7

6

Mia

o7,

781

1,63

15,

416

734

44.1

530

.52

13.6

2

Mon

ba9

26

038

.36

31.3

86.

99

Mon

gol

5,31

174

44,

163

403

27.6

917

.95

9.74

Mul

ao18

741

128

1845

.93

32.2

113

.73

Nax

i28

856

209

2237

.48

26.7

510

.74

Nu

275

202

37.4

426

.88

10.5

5

Oro

qen

71

61

25.7

216

.13

9.60

(continued)


Tab

le3.

7(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

opul

atio

n(p

erso

n)A

ged

0–14

Age

d15

–64

Age

d65

and

over

Gro

ssde

pend

ency

rati

o(%

)C

hild

ren

depe

nden

cyra

tio

Old

depe

nden

cyra

tio

Pum

i31

623

237

.43

26.8

110

.62

Qia

ng25

642

184

3139

.32

22.6

316

.69

Rus

sian

153

121

32.2

023

.04

9.16

Sal

ar10

421

767

35.8

527

.25

8.60

She

676

109

514

5432

.15

21.6

210

.53

Shu

i34

582

232

3148

.91

35.4

013

.52

Taj

ik42

831

336

.14

27.0

19.

14

Tat

ar5

14

035

.93

26.7

19.

23

Tib

etan

5,12

31,

050

3,71

635

737

.91

27.9

99.

92

Tu

238

4717

515

35.8

727

.02

8.85

Tuj

ia6,

873

1,21

24,

950

711

39.1

424

.71

14.4

3

Uyg

ur8,

582

1,71

06,

304

568

36.1

427

.13

9.02

Uzb

ek13

39

136

.12

27.0

89.

05

Va

370

7226

929

37.4

526

.77

10.6

8

Xib

e17

423

134

1729

.70

17.1

412

.56

Yao

2,41

148

91,

696

226

42.4

929

.06

13.4

3

Yi

6,96

21,

333

5,00

662

339

.29

26.6

812

.61

Yug

ur12

29

134

.73

22.8

611

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ang

14,7

663,

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10,2

181,

369

44.7

331

.26

13.4

7

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ble

are

obta

ined

from

the

2011

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iona

lS

ampl

eS

urve

yon

Pop

ulat

ion

Cha

nges

.T

hesa

mpl

ing

frac

tion

is0.

850%


Tab

le3.

8P

opul

atio

nby

mar

ital

stat

us(I

)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

opul

atio

nag

ed15

and

over

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eF

emal

eN

ever

mar

ried

Mal

eF

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e

Nat

iona

lto

tal

956,

619

484,

840

471,

779

199,

241

114,

590

84,6

51

Ach

ang

2613

135

32

Bai

1,37

370

067

328

816

612

2

Bao

nan

126

63

21

Bla

ng69

3534

148

6

Buy

i1,

920

1,00

591

544

328

615

7

Dai

871

443

428

182

103

79

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r10

552

5321

1110

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ng13

77

32

1

Der

ung

63

31

11

Don

g2,

017

1,04

497

243

927

816

1

Don

gxia

ng37

819

418

485

5134

Ew

enki

2412

125

22

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shan

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21

00

Gel

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319

517

786

5630

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878,

347

444,

780

433,

564

182,

464

104,

613

77,8

51

Han

i1,

082

550

532

226

128

98

Hez

he4

22

10

0

Hui

7,64

03,

897

3,74

31,

643

952

691

Jing

168

84

21

(continued)


Tab

le3.

8(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

opul

atio

nag

ed15

and

over

Mal

eF

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eN

ever

mar

ried

Mal

eF

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e

Jing

po99

5149

2112

9

Jino

168

83

21

Kaz

ak1,

023

527

496

218

131

87

Kir

giz

132

6864

2817

11

Kor

ean

1,50

576

074

525

814

711

1

Lah

u34

117

316

771

4031

Lho

ba2

11

10

0

Li

982

504

478

282

163

119

Lis

u47

624

223

499

5643

Man

chu

8,48

14,

277

4,20

41,

527

874

653

Mao

nan

7439

3517

116

Mia

o6,

150

3,17

42,

976

1,31

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949

7

Mon

ba7

33

21

1

Mon

gol

4,56

72,

280

2,28

791

847

943

9

Mul

ao14

676

7035

2212

Nax

i23

211

811

448

2721

Nu

2211

115

32

Oro

qen

73

31

11

Pum

i25

1312

53

2

Qia

ng21

510

910

637

2116

(continued)


Tab

le3.

8(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

opul

atio

nag

ed15

and

over

Mal

eF

emal

eN

ever

mar

ried

Mal

eF

emal

e

Rus

sian

136

63

21

Sal

ar83

4241

2010

9

She

567

280

287

131

6566

Shu

i26

413

812

661

3922

Taj

ik33

1716

74

3

Tat

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22

11

0

Tib

etan

4,07

42,

063

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596

484

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190

9695

4524

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Tuj

ia5,

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2,88

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1,10

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4

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ur6,

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3,54

23,

330

1,46

488

058

4

Uzb

ek10

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21

1

Va

298

152

146

6235

27

Xib

e15

176

7527

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392

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527

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3

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5,63

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2,75

81,

133

654

479

Yug

ur10

55

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1

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11,5

876,

025

5,56

22,

746

1,75

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5

Not

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ble

are

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from

the

2011

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iona

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ampl

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nges

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mpl

ing

frac

tion

is0.

850%


Tab

le3.

9P

opul

atio

nby

mar

ital

stat

us(I

I)

Eth

nic

grou

pF

irst

mar

ried

Mal

eF

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eR

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Mal

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e

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iona

lto

tal

677,

283

339,

674

337,

609

14,9

567,

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7,90

0

Ach

ang

189

90

00

Bai

962

485

477

2512

13

Bao

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84

40

00

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ng49

2424

11

1

Buy

i1,

279

639

640

3718

19

Dai

612

309

303

168

8

Dau

r75

3837

21

1

Dea

ng9

55

00

0

Der

ung

42

20

00

Don

g1,

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689

689

3618

19

Don

gxia

ng26

313

113

15

22

Ew

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00

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shan

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Gel

ao24

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412

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623,

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312,

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310,

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6

Han

i76

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437

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910

Hez

he3

11

00

0

Hui

5,36

92,

698

2,67

113

568

67

Jing

115

50

00

(continued)


Tab

le3.

9(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pF

irst

mar

ried

Mal

eF

emal

eR

emar

ried

Mal

eF

emal

e

Jing

po70

3535

21

1

Jino

116

50

00

Kaz

ak68

334

334

147

2621

Kir

giz

8844

446

33

Kor

ean

1,09

554

854

732

1516

Lah

u24

012

111

96

33

Lho

ba1

11

00

0

Li

644

323

321

84

4

Lis

u33

516

916

69

44

Man

chu

6,13

83,

077

3,06

115

774

83

Mao

nan

5025

251

11

Mia

o4,

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2,11

62,

111

114

5559

Mon

ba4

22

00

0

Mon

gol

3,26

91,

651

1,61

989

4148

Mul

ao98

4949

21

1

Nax

i16

382

814

22

Nu

158

80

00

Oro

qen

52

20

00

Pum

i18

99

00

0

Qia

ng15

579

764

22

(continued)


Tab

le3.

9(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pF

irst

mar

ried

Mal

eF

emal

eR

emar

ried

Mal

eF

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e

Rus

sian

94

40

00

Sal

ar55

2827

11

1

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395

200

195

84

4

Shu

i17

688

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23

Taj

ik22

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21

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Tat

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11

00

0

Tib

etan

2,62

81,

333

1,29

445

2423

Tu

128

6563

31

1

Tuj

ia3,

998

1,99

72,

001

105

5055

Uyg

ur4,

591

2,30

32,

288

318

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142

Uzb

ek7

33

00

0

Va

210

106

104

53

3

Xib

e10

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544

22

Yao

1,31

765

965

827

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3,96

32,

004

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56

Yug

ur7

33

00

0

Zhu

ang

7,83

73,

912

3,92

514

770

78

Not

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ble

are

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ined

from

the

2011

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iona

lS

ampl

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urve

yon

Pop

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ion

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nges

.T

hesa

mpl

ing

frac

tion

is0.

850%


Tab

le3.

10P

opul

atio

nby

mar

ital

stat

us(I

II)

Eth

nic

grou

pD

ivor

ced

Mal

eF

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eW

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ale

Nat

iona

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tal

12,9

157,

391

5,52

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,223

16,1

2836

,095

Ach

ang

00

01

01

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2012

878

2553

Bao

nan

00

01

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Bla

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41

3

Buy

i31

1912

129

4386

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138

548

1533

Dau

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11

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3

Dea

ng0

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10

1

Der

ung

00

00

00

Don

g31

1912

133

4291

Don

gxia

ng5

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217

14

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enki

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shan

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42

258

17

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11,5

076,

617

4,89

147

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14,7

7033

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i16

106

6019

41

Hez

he0

00

00

0

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117

6354

376

117

259

Jing

00

01

01

(continued)


Tab

le3.

10(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pD

ivor

ced

Mal

eF

emal

eW

idow

edM

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Fem

ale

Jing

po1

11

52

4

Jino

00

01

01

Kaz

ak32

1616

4211

31

Kir

giz

42

25

14

Kor

ean

4224

1979

2752

Lah

u5

32

196

13

Lho

ba0

00

00

0

Li

84

341

932

Lis

u7

43

278

18

Man

chu

206

108

9845

214

430

8

Mao

nan

11

05

13

Mia

o96

5838

396

126

270

Mon

ba0

00

00

0

Mon

gol

8247

3520

862

146

Mul

ao2

11

93

6

Nax

i3

21

134

9

Nu

00

01

01

Oro

qen

00

00

00

Pum

i0

00

10

1

Qia

ng4

22

155

10(continued)


Tab

le3.

10(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pD

ivor

ced

Mal

eF

emal

eW

idow

edM

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ale

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00

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00

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ar2

11

41

3

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64

227

820

Shu

i4

32

186

12

Taj

ik1

11

10

1

Tat

ar0

00

00

0

Tib

etan

7833

4624

279

164

Tu

42

210

37

Tuj

ia88

5236

365

118

247

Uyg

ur21

710

711

028

277

205

Uzb

ek0

00

00

0

Va

43

217

511

Xib

e4

22

82

6

Yao

2415

1011

834

84

Yi

8752

3534

011

023

0

Yug

ur0

00

10

0

Zhu

ang

139

8456

717

209

508

Not

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ata

inth

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ble

are

obta

ined

from

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2011

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iona

lS

ampl

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yon

Pop

ulat

ion

Cha

nges

.T

hesa

mpl

ing

frac

tion

is0.

850%


Tab

le3.

11P

opul

atio

nby

educ

atio

nal

atta

inm

ent

(per

son)

(I)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

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atio

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ed6

and

over

Mal

eF

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eN

osc

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Mal

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e

Nat

iona

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1,06

7,26

754

4,75

352

2,51

458

,732

17,4

6441

,268

Ach

ang

2915

143

12

Bai

1,58

480

977

513

644

91

Bao

nan

147

71

01

Bla

ng79

4039

72

5

Buy

i2,

303

1,21

11,

092

250

7117

9

Dai

1,00

251

049

286

2957

Dau

r11

557

575

23

Dea

ng16

88

10

1

Der

ung

63

31

00

Don

g2,

356

1,22

71,

129

191

5513

6

Don

gxia

ng42

722

120

639

1426

Ew

enki

2613

131

01

Gao

shan

42

20

00

Gel

ao44

823

621

249

1435

Han

978,

112

498,

960

479,

152

52,7

0915

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37,2

13

Han

i1,

246

634

612

108

3671

Hez

he4

22

00

0

Hui

8,64

84,

435

4,21

259

819

840

1

Jing

1910

91

01

(continued)


Tab

le3.

11(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

opul

atio

nag

ed6

and

over

Mal

eF

emal

eN

osc

hool

ing

Mal

eF

emal

e

Jing

po11

458

5610

37

Jino

189

92

11

Kaz

ak1,

165

598

567

4620

26

Kir

giz

150

7773

63

3

Kor

ean

1,63

883

080

747

1632

Lah

u39

220

019

334

1122

Lho

ba3

11

10

0

Li

1,12

258

154

160

1743

Lis

u54

827

926

947

1631

Man

chu

9,23

94,

681

4,55

829

090

200

Mao

nan

8745

416

24

Mia

o7,

159

3,71

43,

445

591

173

418

Mon

ba8

44

21

1

Mon

gol

5,00

82,

509

2,49

922

675

151

Mul

ao17

089

819

37

Nax

i26

713

613

123

815

Nu

2513

122

11

Oro

qen

74

40

00

Pum

i29

1514

31

2

Qia

ng23

912

211

717

512

(continued)


Tab

le3.

11(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

opul

atio

nag

ed6

and

over

Mal

eF

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eN

osc

hool

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Mal

eF

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e

Rus

sian

147

71

00

Sal

ar95

4847

114

7

She

630

313

316

369

27

Shu

i31

616

615

034

1024

Taj

ik38

2019

21

1

Tat

ar5

22

00

0

Tib

etan

4,70

82,

401

2,30

789

433

755

6

Tu

219

111

108

259

16

Tuj

ia6,

379

3,27

73,

102

397

115

282

Uyg

ur7,

824

4,01

83,

806

309

134

176

Uzb

ek12

66

00

0

Va

343

174

168

2910

20

Xib

e16

584

825

23

Yao

2,20

71,

146

1,06

210

832

75

Yi

6,45

73,

301

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017

637

3

Yug

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10

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13,4

507,

008

6,44

265

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646

0

Not

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ble

are

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ined

from

the

2011

Nat

iona

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ampl

eS

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ion

Cha

nges

.T

hesa

mpl

ing

frac

tion

is0.

850%


Tab

le3.

12P

opul

atio

nby

educ

atio

nal

atta

inm

ent

(per

son)

(II)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

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ale

Juni

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cond

ary

scho

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Fem

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Nat

iona

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tal

294,

232

139,

378

154,

854

441,

905

236,

369

205,

537

Ach

ang

136

610

54

Bai

656

328

329

528

296

232

Bao

nan

52

25

22

Bla

ng34

1717

2615

11

Buy

i91

046

444

677

345

232

2

Dai

429

214

215

327

184

143

Dau

r29

1315

4926

23

Dea

ng7

33

53

2

Der

ung

31

12

11

Don

g82

040

841

187

748

539

1

Don

gxia

ng14

168

7314

479

65

Ew

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73

411

65

Gao

shan

10

12

11

Gel

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8715

088

62

Han

265,

262

125,

207

140,

054

408,

048

217,

950

190,

099

Han

i53

426

626

740

622

917

7

Hez

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01

21

1

Hui

2,56

71,

235

1,33

13,

332

1,82

01,

512

Jing

63

37

43

(continued)


Tab

le3.

12(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

rim

ary

scho

olM

ale

Fem

ale

Juni

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cond

ary

scho

olM

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Fem

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Jing

po49

2425

3721

16

Jino

84

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33

Kaz

ak34

917

117

843

523

220

2

Kir

giz

4522

2356

3026

Kor

ean

420

198

222

726

381

345

Lah

u16

884

8412

872

56

Lho

ba1

11

00

0

Li

264

126

139

532

283

249

Lis

u23

311

711

717

910

178

Man

chu

2,16

11,

016

1,14

54,

264

2,23

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033

Mao

nan

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1533

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Mia

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1,28

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288

2,59

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2

Mon

ba3

22

11

1

Mon

gol

1,27

859

268

72,

049

1,10

494

5

Mul

ao57

2730

6837

31

Nax

i11

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5787

4938

Nu

115

58

54

Oro

qen

21

13

21

Pum

i12

66

95

4

Qia

ng85

4342

8949

40(continued)


Tab

le3.

12(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

rim

ary

scho

olM

ale

Fem

ale

Juni

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Rus

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42

25

33

Sal

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1718

2816

12

She

194

9110

424

113

510

6

Shu

i12

563

6110

762

45

Taj

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66

148

7

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11

21

1

Tib

etan

1,87

598

589

11,

181

671

509

Tu

8140

4165

3728

Tuj

ia1,

917

933

983

2,47

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324

1,15

3

Uyg

ur2,

339

1,14

71,

192

2,92

11,

561

1,36

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Uzb

ek3

22

42

2

Va

146

7373

112

6349

Xib

e39

1921

7438

35

Yao

698

333

365

894

478

416

Yi

2,62

01,

313

1,30

72,

186

1,22

795

9

Yug

ur4

22

42

2

Zhu

ang

4,45

32,

112

2,34

25,

395

2,91

82,

477

Not

esD

ata

inth

ista

ble

are

obta

ined

from

the

2011

Nat

iona

lS

ampl

eS

urve

yon

Pop

ulat

ion

Cha

nges

.T

hesa

mpl

ing

frac

tion

is0.

850%


Tab

le3.

13P

opul

atio

nby

educ

atio

nal

atta

inm

ent

(per

son)

(III

)

Eth

nic

grou

pS

enio

rse

cond

ary

scho

olM

ale

Fem

ale

Col

lege

and

high

erle

vel

Mal

eF

emal

e

Nat

iona

ltot

al16

5,04

994

,528

70,5

2110

7,34

857

,013

50,3

34

Ach

ang

31

12

11

Bai

149

8366

115

5857

Bao

nan

21

11

11

Bla

ng7

43

63

3

Buy

i17

810

177

192

125

67

Dai

9050

4070

3337

Dau

r19

109

146

7

Dea

ng1

11

11

1

Der

ung

10

00

00

Don

g27

115

511

519

812

475

Don

gxia

ng62

3626

4124

17

Ew

enki

52

23

12

Gao

shan

10

00

00

Gel

ao34

1915

3724

13

Han

153,

373

88,0

2065

,356

98,7

1652

,281

46,4

31

Han

i11

262

5087

4146

Hez

he1

00

00

0

Hui

1,25

370

954

389

747

242

5

Jing

21

12

11

(continued)


Tab

le3.

13(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pS

enio

rse

cond

ary

scho

olM

ale

Fem

ale

Col

lege

and

high

erle

vel

Mal

eF

emal

e

Jing

po10

65

84

4

Jino

21

11

11

Kaz

ak17

191

8016

584

81

Kir

giz

2212

1021

1110

Kor

ean

278

150

128

166

8581

Lah

u35

1916

2813

14

Lho

ba0

00

00

0

Li

178

106

7387

5037

Lis

u49

2722

3918

20

Man

chu

1,48

980

868

11,

035

536

499

Mao

nan

106

48

53

Mia

o79

945

334

660

236

124

1

Mon

ba0

00

00

0

Mon

gol

843

449

394

611

288

323

Mul

ao21

139

1510

5

Nax

i24

1311

199

10

Nu

21

12

11

Oro

qen

11

11

00

Pum

i3

11

21

1

Qia

ng28

1613

2010

10(continued)


Tab

le3.

13(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pS

enio

rse

cond

ary

scho

olM

ale

Fem

ale

Col

lege

and

high

erle

vel

Mal

eF

emal

e

Rus

sian

21

12

11

Sal

ar12

66

94

4

She

8751

3672

2745

Shu

i25

1411

2617

9

Taj

ik6

33

53

3

Tat

ar1

00

10

0

Tib

etan

431

234

197

329

174

155

Tu

2815

1320

1010

Tuj

ia97

154

642

561

735

825

9

Uyg

ur1,

148

611

537

1,10

656

454

1

Uzb

ek2

11

21

1

Va

3117

1424

1213

Xib

e26

1412

2111

10

Yao

318

185

133

190

117

73

Yi

619

342

277

484

244

240

Yug

ur2

11

11

0

Zhu

ang

1,76

71,

031

736

1,17

975

142

8

Not

esD

ata

inth

ista

ble

are

obta

ined

from

the

2011

Nat

iona

lS

ampl

eS

urve

yon

Pop

ulat

ion

Cha

nges

.T

hesa

mpl

ing

frac

tion

is0.

850%


Tab

le3.

14Il

lite

rate

popu

lati

onag

ed15

and

over

byse

x

Eth

nic

grou

pP

opul

atio

nag

ed15

and

over

(per

son)

Mal

eF

emal

eP

erce

ntag

eof

illi

tera

tepo

pula

tion

toto

tal

aged

15an

dov

er(%

)M

ale

Fem

ale

Nat

iona

lto

tal

956,

619

484,

840

471,

779

5.21

2.73

7.77

Ach

ang

2613

138.

675.

4412

.04

Bai

1,37

370

067

38.

705.

2712

.30

Bao

nan

126

69.

595.

9713

.39

Bla

ng69

3534

8.66

5.43

12.0

2

Buy

i1,

920

1,00

591

511

.88

5.97

18.4

0

Dai

871

443

428

8.67

5.44

12.0

4

Dau

r10

552

533.

742.

245.

22

Dea

ng13

77

8.69

5.45

12.0

5

Der

ung

63

37.

964.

9111

.13

Don

g2,

017

1,04

497

28.

664.

3613

.36

Don

gxia

ng37

819

418

49.

095.

7012

.67

Ew

enki

2412

124.

192.

525.

85

Gao

shan

32

25.

072.

607.

62

Gel

ao37

319

517

711

.98

6.00

18.5

8

Han

878,

347

444,

780

433,

564

5.22

2.72

7.79

Han

i1,

082

550

532

8.68

5.44

12.0

5

Hez

he4

22

2.83

1.57

4.11

(continued)


Tab

le3.

14(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

opul

atio

nag

ed15

and

over

(per

son)

Mal

eF

emal

eP

erce

ntag

eof

illi

tera

tepo

pula

tion

toto

tal

aged

15an

dov

er(%

)M

ale

Fem

ale

Hui

7,64

03,

897

3,74

36.

824.

029.

73

Jing

168

84.

421.

987.

07

Jing

po99

5149

8.68

5.44

12.0

5

Jino

168

88.

675.

4412

.04

Kaz

ak1,

023

527

496

3.60

2.84

4.40

Kir

giz

132

6864

3.58

2.82

4.38

Kor

ean

1,50

576

074

52.

501.

443.

56

Lah

u34

117

316

78.

675.

4412

.03

Lho

ba2

11

27.4

119

.56

35.5

1

Li

982

504

478

5.15

2.25

8.22

Lis

u47

624

223

48.

635.

4011

.99

Man

chu

8,48

14,

277

4,20

42.

801.

504.

13

Mao

nan

7439

356.

463.

0410

.21

Mia

o6,

150

3,17

42,

976

8.73

4.54

13.2

8

Mon

ba7

33

28.3

420

.29

36.6

2

Mon

gol

4,56

72,

280

2,28

74.

222.

525.

91

Mul

ao14

676

705.

192.

368.

27

Nax

i23

211

811

48.

715.

4612

.09

(continued)


Tab

le3.

14(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

opul

atio

nag

ed15

and

over

(per

son)

Mal

eF

emal

eP

erce

ntag

eof

illi

tera

tepo

pula

tion

toto

tal

aged

15an

dov

er(%

)M

ale

Fem

ale

Nu

2211

118.

945.

6412

.37

Oro

qen

73

33.

482.

024.

93

Pum

i25

1312

8.66

5.43

12.0

2

Qia

ng21

510

910

67.

214.

0210

.50

Rus

sian

136

63.

942.

745.

15

Sal

ar83

4241

10.2

06.

6313

.79

She

567

280

287

5.24

2.33

8.10

Shu

i26

413

812

611

.65

5.86

18.0

4

Taj

ik33

1716

3.64

2.83

4.49

Tat

ar4

22

3.87

2.94

4.84

Tib

etan

4,07

42,

063

2,01

018

.11

12.4

823

.89

Tu

190

9695

10.0

76.

4713

.70

Tuj

ia5,

661

2,88

92,

772

6.24

3.20

9.46

Uyg

ur6,

873

3,54

23,

330

3.59

2.83

4.39

Uzb

ek10

55

3.60

2.82

4.43

Va

298

152

146

8.61

5.39

11.9

6

Xib

e15

176

752.

651.

573.

74

Yao

1,92

299

392

84.

512.

216.

99(continued)


Tab

le3.

14(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pP

opul

atio

nag

ed15

and

over

(per

son)

Mal

eF

emal

eP

erce

ntag

eof

illi

tera

tepo

pula

tion

toto

tal

aged

15an

dov

er(%

)M

ale

Fem

ale

Yi

5,63

02,

871

2,75

88.

645.

1112

.34

Yug

ur10

55

9.53

5.91

13.3

4

Zhu

ang

11,5

876,

025

5,56

24.

402.

036.

97

Not

esIl

lite

rate

popu

lati

onin

this

tabl

ere

fers

toth

epo

pula

tion

aged

15an

dov

erw

hoar

eun

able

orha

vedi

fficu

lty

inre

adin

g.D

ata

inth

ista

ble

are

obta

ined

from

the

2011

Nat

iona

lS

ampl

eS

urve

yon

Pop

ulat

ion

Cha

nges

.T

hesa

mpl

ing

frac

tion

is0.

850%


Tab

le3.

15F

amil

yho

useh

olds

bysi

ze(h

ouse

hold

)

Eth

nic

grou

pN

umbe

rof

fam

ily

hous

ehol

dsO

nepe

rson

Tw

ope

rson

sT

hree

pers

ons

Fou

rpe

rson

sF

ive

pers

ons

Nat

iona

lto

tal

360,

447

50,4

8893

,719

99,8

5460

,977

33,9

03

Ach

ang

91

22

21

Bai

501

6710

611

910

560

Bao

nan

41

11

11

Bla

ng25

35

65

3

Buy

i77

711

019

619

114

181

Dai

312

4164

7367

38

Dau

r42

513

155

3

Dea

ng5

11

11

1

Der

ung

20

01

00

Don

g80

012

019

619

814

682

Don

gxia

ng13

820

2935

2516

Ew

enki

101

34

10

Gao

shan

10

00

00

Gel

ao15

121

3837

2716

Han

330,

566

46,4

8486

,324

91,7

0255

,697

30,9

46

Han

i38

851

7991

8448

Hez

he1

00

10

0

Hui

2,82

934

668

178

952

229

1

Jing

61

12

11

(continued)


Tab

le3.

15(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pN

umbe

rof

fam

ily

hous

ehol

dsO

nepe

rson

Tw

ope

rson

sT

hree

pers

ons

Fou

rpe

rson

sF

ive

pers

ons

Jing

po36

57

88

4

Jino

61

11

11

Kaz

ak39

345

9411

174

42

Kir

giz

516

1214

95

Kor

ean

592

6918

219

974

49

Lah

u12

216

2529

2615

Lho

ba1

00

00

0

Li

335

3961

7775

43

Lis

u17

123

3540

3721

Man

chu

3,33

639

91,

006

1,12

244

525

1

Mao

nan

294

77

53

Mia

o2,

416

359

590

598

444

250

Mon

ba2

00

00

0

Mon

gol

1,81

820

255

866

025

310

5

Mul

ao57

813

1411

6

Nax

i83

1117

2018

10

Nu

81

22

21

Oro

qen

30

11

00

Pum

i9

12

22

1

Qia

ng86

1524

2213

7(continued)


Tab

le3.

15(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pN

umbe

rof

fam

ily

hous

ehol

dsO

nepe

rson

Tw

ope

rson

sT

hree

pers

ons

Fou

rpe

rson

sF

ive

pers

ons

Rus

sian

51

12

10

Sal

ar29

36

76

3

She

216

4059

5633

17

Shu

i10

615

2726

1911

Taj

ik13

13

42

1

Tat

ar2

00

00

0

Tib

etan

1,37

518

428

629

824

415

3

Tu

668

1316

138

Tuj

ia2,

200

337

561

579

380

210

Uyg

ur2,

637

301

631

748

496

283

Uzb

ek4

01

11

0

Va

107

1422

2523

13

Xib

e61

719

218

4

Yao

735

112

167

182

138

77

Yi

2,10

530

648

451

341

023

0

Yug

ur4

11

11

0

Zhu

ang

4,47

265

41,

010

1,13

084

047

2

Not

esD

ata

inth

ista

ble

are

obta

ined

from

the

2011

Nat

iona

lS

ampl

eS

urve

yon

Pop

ulat

ion

Cha

nges

.T

hesa

mpl

ing

frac

tion

is0.

850%


Notes

Data in this chapter are prepared by the Department of Population and Employ-ment Statistics of the National Bureau of Statistics. In Table 3.1, figures are fromhousehold registrations; and those for the years 2000 and 2010 are the census yearestimates; the rest of the data covered in those tables are estimates from the annualnational sample survey on population changes, and data for selected years havebeen revised according to the census results. In Table 3.2, data are estimates fromthe national sample survey on population changes. In Table 3.3, data are calcu-lated by using the results of the 2000 and 2010 censuses.

The statistical surveys on population, which are conducted by Department ofPopulation and Employment Statistics of the NBS, are as follows: The nationalpopulation censuses are conducted in the years ending with 0; the 1 percentnationwide population sample surveys are conducted in the years ending with 5,and the sample surveys on population changes are conducted in the rest of theyears which cover about 1 per thousand of the total population of the country. Thesample survey on population change takes the whole nation as the population andeach province, autonomous ethnic group, or municipality as subpopulations, andthe stratified multistage systematic probability proportional to size (PPS) clustersampling scheme is used.


Chapter 4Employment and Wages

Table 4.1 Number of employed persons in urban units at year-end (10,000 persons) (I)

Ethnicgroup

Total Agriculture,forestry, animalhusbandry, andfishery

Mining Manufacturing Production anddistribution ofelectricity, gas,and water

Nationalaverage

14,413.3 359.5 611.6 4,088.3 334.7

Achang 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Bai 15.3 0.4 0.8 2.9 0.4

Baonan 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Blang 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Buyi 21.2 0.2 1.1 3.8 0.7

Dai 9.6 0.3 0.5 1.8 0.3

Daur 1.6 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1

Deang 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Derung 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Dong 23.3 0.3 0.9 4.9 0.7

Dongxiang 4.5 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.2

Ewenki 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Gaoshan 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gelao 4.1 0.0 0.2 0.7 0.1

Han 13,345.7 293.5 562.0 3,878.7 304.1

Hani 12.0 0.4 0.6 2.2 0.3

Hezhe 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0(continued)


115


Ethnicgroup



Hui 117.0 5.4 6.9 24.8 3.6

Jing 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Jingpo 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0

Jino 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kazak 18.9 3.9 1.3 2.0 0.5

Kirgiz 2.4 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.1

Korean 22.9 1.9 1.4 5.1 0.7

Lahu 3.8 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.1

Lhoba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Li 13.8 1.8 0.2 1.4 0.3

Lisu 5.3 0.2 0.3 1.0 0.1

Manchu 139.5 7.6 7.8 34.5 4.1

Maonan 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0

Miao 72.4 1.0 2.9 15.0 2.1

Monba 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mongol 68.5 6.0 4.8 12.4 2.5

Mulao 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0

Naxi 2.6 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.1

Nu 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oroqen 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pumi 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Qiang 2.3 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.1

Russian 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Salar 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0

She 11.8 0.1 0.1 4.9 0.2

Shui 2.9 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.1

Tajik 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Tatar 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tibetan 50.2 1.4 1.3 6.5 1.4

Tu 2.9 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.1(continued)

116 4 Employment and Wages


Ethnicgroup



Tujia 75.5 0.8 2.2 18.8 2.0

Uygur 127.0 26.2 8.5 13.8 3.4

Uzbek 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Va 3.3 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1

Xibe 2.7 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.1

Yao 22.8 0.5 0.4 5.4 0.6

Yi 61.6 1.4 3.0 12.0 1.7

Yugur 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Zhuang 131.6 4.0 2.1 27.9 3.4

4 Employment and Wages 117

Table 4.2 Number of employed persons in urban units at year-end (10,000 persons) (II)

Ethnicgroup

Construction Transport,storage,and post

Informationtransmission,computer service, andsoftware

Wholesaleand retailtrades


Nationaltotal

1,724.8 662.8 212.8 647.5 247.7

Achang 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Bai 2.1 0.6 0.2 0.8 0.3

Baonan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Blang 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Buyi 2.5 0.9 0.2 0.9 0.3

Dai 1.3 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.2

Daur 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Deang 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Derung 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Dong 3.1 1.0 0.3 0.9 0.3

Dongxiang 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0

Ewenki 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gaoshan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gelao 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1

Han 1,611.8 611.8 198.3 604.8 226.8

Hani 1.6 0.5 0.1 0.7 0.3

Hezhe 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Hui 10.5 6.0 2.0 5.1 1.8

Jing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Jingpo 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Jino 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kazak 1.4 0.8 0.2 0.6 0.2

Kirgiz 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Korean 1.4 1.2 0.5 0.9 0.3

Lahu 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1

Lhoba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Li 0.9 0.7 0.2 0.7 0.8

Lisu 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1

Manchu 10.9 7.9 2.7 6.0 2.0

Maonan 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Miao 10.3 3.0 0.9 3.1 1.2(continued)



Ethnicgroup





Monba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mongol 4.9 4.1 1.1 2.3 0.8

Mulao 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Naxi 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1

Nu 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oroqen 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pumi 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Qiang 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Russian 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Salar 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

She 2.2 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.2

Shui 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Tajik 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tatar 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tibetan 4.5 1.9 0.6 1.4 0.6

Tu 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0

Tujia 13.1 3.3 0.9 3.2 1.2

Uygur 9.4 5.6 1.1 3.9 1.3

Uzbek 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Va 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1

Xibe 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Yao 2.8 1.1 0.3 0.9 0.4

Yi 9.0 2.4 0.7 2.9 1.1

Yugur 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Zhuang 14.8 6.9 1.7 5.2 1.9


Table 4.3 Number of employed persons in urban units at year-end (10,000 persons) (III)

Ethnicgroup


Realestate

Leasingandbusinessservices

Scientificresearch, technicalservices, andgeologicalprospective

Management ofwater conservancy,environment, andpublic facilities

Nationaltotal

505.3 248.6 286.6 298.5 230.3

Achang 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Bai 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

Baonan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Blang 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Buyi 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3

Dai 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1

Daur 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Deang 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Derung 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Dong 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

Dongxiang 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

Ewenki 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gaoshan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gelao 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Han 469.6 231.8 265.6 275.1 209.8

Hani 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Hezhe 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Hui 4.3 2.1 2.8 3.1 2.2

Jing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Jingpo 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Jino 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kazak 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4

Kirgiz 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Korean 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6

Lahu 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Lhoba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Li 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.3

Lisu 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Manchu 5.5 2.8 3.3 3.8 3.2

Maonan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0(continued)



Ethnicgroup


Realestate


Scientificresearch, technicalservices, andgeologicalprospective


Miao 2.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2

Monba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mongol 2.7 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.8

Mulao 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Naxi 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nu 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oroqen 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pumi 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Qiang 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Russian 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Salar 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

She 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Shui 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Tajik 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tatar 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tibetan 1.8 0.4 0.5 1.6 0.7

Tu 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Tujia 2.4 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.1

Uygur 3.7 1.3 2.4 2.3 2.4

Uzbek 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Va 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Xibe 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

Yao 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4

Yi 1.8 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.0

Yugur 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Zhuang 4.2 2.0 3.5 2.8 2.9


Table 4.4 Number of employed persons in urban units at year-end (10,000 persons) (IV)

Ethnicgroup

Services tohouseholdsand otherservices

Education Health, socialsecurities, andsocial welfare

Culture,sports, andentertainment

Publicmanagementand socialorganization

Nationaltotal

59.9 1,617.8 679.1 135.0 1,467.6

Achang 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Bai 0.0 2.3 0.8 0.1 2.1

Baonan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Blang 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Buyi 0.1 3.6 1.1 0.2 3.5

Dai 0.0 1.4 0.5 0.1 1.3

Daur 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2

Deang 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Derung 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Dong 0.1 3.6 1.3 0.2 3.4

Dongxiang 0.0 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.8

Ewenki 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gaoshan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gelao 0.0 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.7

Han 55.2 1,473.8 621.4 123.6 1,328.2

Hani 0.0 1.8 0.6 0.1 1.6

Hezhe 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Hui 0.6 14.3 5.9 1.4 14.3

Jing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Jingpo 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1

Jino 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kazak 0.1 2.3 1.0 0.2 2.6

Kirgiz 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.3

Korean 0.1 2.6 1.2 0.3 2.4

Lahu 0.0 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.5

Lhoba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Li 0.1 2.0 0.7 0.2 1.7

Lisu 0.0 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.7

Manchu 0.9 14.7 6.7 1.5 13.6

Maonan 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1

Miao 0.3 10.8 3.9 0.6 10.2(continued)



Ethnicgroup





Monba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mongol 0.5 8.5 3.4 0.8 8.7

Mulao 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2

Naxi 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.3

Nu 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oroqen 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pumi 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Qiang 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.3

Russian 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Salar 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2

She 0.0 0.9 0.4 0.1 0.7

Shui 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.5

Tajik 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Tatar 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tibetan 0.1 7.8 3.0 0.9 13.5

Tu 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.4

Tujia 0.2 9.3 3.9 0.7 8.6

Uygur 0.7 15.4 6.7 1.5 17.3

Uzbek 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Va 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.4

Xibe 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.3

Yao 0.1 3.4 1.4 0.2 2.7

Yi 0.1 9.2 3.3 0.6 8.4

Yugur 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Zhuang 0.3 22.1 9.0 1.3 15.4


Table 4.5 Number of engaged persons in private enterprises and self-employed individuals atyear-end (10,000 persons) (I)

Ethnic group Total Manufacturing Construction Transport, storage, and post

National total 18,298.90 4,317.20 772.70 512.00

Achang 0.41 0.06 0.03 0.01

Bai 21.45 2.93 1.37 0.45

Baonan 0.14 0.02 0.01 0.00

Blang 1.12 0.15 0.08 0.02

Buyi 19.99 2.96 0.62 0.52

Dai 14.10 1.91 0.98 0.29

Daur 1.70 0.20 0.05 0.07

Deang 0.22 0.03 0.02 0.00

Derung 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.00

Dong 25.50 3.81 0.69 0.67

Dongxiang 4.31 0.52 0.20 0.08

Ewenki 0.40 0.05 0.01 0.02

Gaoshan 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.00

Gelao 3.78 0.53 0.11 0.10

Han 17,079.56 4,129.49 719.44 468.43

Hani 17.55 2.39 1.22 0.36

Hezhe 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.00

Hui 131.09 21.14 6.04 3.46

Jing 0.23 0.04 0.01 0.01

Jingpo 1.61 0.22 0.11 0.03

Jino 0.25 0.03 0.02 0.01

Kazak 11.64 1.80 0.30 0.39

Kirgiz 1.50 0.23 0.04 0.05

Korean 27.49 4.21 1.80 1.30

Lahu 5.52 0.75 0.38 0.11

Lhoba 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.00

Li 16.80 1.11 1.30 0.72

Lisu 7.69 1.05 0.53 0.16

Manchu 166.91 31.27 8.11 11.25

Maonan 0.96 0.15 0.02 0.04

Miao 82.99 12.17 2.95 2.06

Monba 0.16 0.01 0.02 0.00

Mongol 78.47 10.51 2.80 3.82(continued)




Mulao 2.03 0.33 0.04 0.08

Naxi 3.76 0.51 0.26 0.08

Nu 0.35 0.05 0.02 0.01

Oroqen 0.11 0.01 0.00 0.00

Pumi 0.41 0.06 0.03 0.01

Qiang 2.98 0.48 0.08 0.08

Russian 0.18 0.03 0.01 0.01

Salar 1.33 0.22 0.11 0.03

She 14.17 4.49 0.45 0.26

Shui 2.78 0.41 0.09 0.07

Tajik 0.39 0.06 0.01 0.01

Tatar 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00

Tibetan 75.63 7.76 6.89 1.63

Tu 3.10 0.54 0.24 0.07

Tujia 93.70 14.56 2.93 2.43

Uygur 78.40 12.14 2.05 2.62

Uzbek 0.12 0.02 0.00 0.00

Va 4.84 0.67 0.33 0.10

Xibe 3.08 0.59 0.15 0.24

Yao 29.17 4.68 0.74 0.94

Yi 84.29 11.99 4.78 1.92

Yugur 0.12 0.01 0.01 0.00

Zhuang 169.31 27.19 4.04 6.79


Table 4.6 Number of engaged persons in private enterprises and self-employed individuals atyear-end (10,000 persons) (II)

Ethnicgroup

Wholesale andretail trades

Hotels andcateringservices

Leasing andbusinessservices

Services to householdsand other services

Nationaltotal

7,425.30 1,072.40 970.10 1,083.20

Achang 0.17 0.03 0.02 0.02

Bai 9.11 1.73 0.98 1.24

Baonan 0.07 0.02 0.00 0.01

Blang 0.47 0.09 0.05 0.06

Buyi 9.14 1.57 0.70 1.27

Dai 5.91 1.18 0.56 0.81

Daur 0.76 0.18 0.08 0.14

Deang 0.09 0.02 0.01 0.01

Derung 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.01

Dong 11.88 1.61 1.83 1.46

Dongxiang 2.12 0.48 0.13 0.32

Ewenki 0.18 0.04 0.02 0.03

Gaoshan 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00

Gelao 1.75 0.30 0.13 0.24

Han 6,891.77 977.99 909.96 1,004.73

Hani 7.35 1.47 0.70 1.01

Hezhe 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00

Hui 57.77 10.12 6.38 9.19

Jing 0.12 0.01 0.01 0.01

Jingpo 0.67 0.13 0.06 0.09

Jino 0.11 0.02 0.01 0.01

Kazak 4.93 1.26 0.56 1.03

Kirgiz 0.64 0.16 0.07 0.13

Korean 10.57 2.03 1.05 2.25

Lahu 2.31 0.46 0.22 0.32

Lhoba 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00

Li 6.25 1.32 1.37 1.29

Lisu 3.23 0.64 0.31 0.44

Manchu 64.54 10.03 7.58 10.12

Maonan 0.48 0.06 0.04 0.05

Miao 37.46 5.65 5.52 4.82(continued)



Ethnicgroup





Monba 0.07 0.02 0.01 0.01

Mongol 33.89 7.62 3.34 6.03

Mulao 1.02 0.12 0.09 0.10

Naxi 1.58 0.32 0.15 0.22

Nu 0.15 0.03 0.01 0.02

Oroqen 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.01

Pumi 0.17 0.03 0.02 0.02

Qiang 1.41 0.26 0.11 0.20

Russian 0.08 0.02 0.01 0.01

Salar 0.52 0.15 0.02 0.09

She 5.42 0.66 0.76 0.80

Shui 1.28 0.22 0.10 0.17

Tajik 0.16 0.04 0.02 0.03

Tatar 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00

Tibetan 32.18 9.38 2.64 5.83

Tu 1.22 0.34 0.06 0.20

Tujia 42.04 6.05 7.34 5.71

Uygur 33.21 8.48 3.80 6.92

Uzbek 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01

Va 2.03 0.40 0.20 0.28

Xibe 1.18 0.19 0.14 0.18

Yao 14.04 1.66 2.01 1.46

Yi 36.69 7.08 3.29 5.13

Yugur 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.01

Zhuang 84.60 10.26 7.50 8.26


Table 4.7 Number of engaged persons in urban private enterprises and self-employedindividuals at year-end (10,000 persons) (I)


National total 12,138.80 2,291.40 563.30 348.70

Achang 0.30 0.04 0.03 0.01

Bai 15.38 1.92 1.19 0.33

Baonan 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.00

Blang 0.82 0.10 0.07 0.02

Buyi 11.25 1.53 0.42 0.26

Dai 10.27 1.30 0.86 0.22

Daur 1.35 0.15 0.04 0.06

Deang 0.16 0.02 0.01 0.00

Derung 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.00

Dong 16.30 2.02 0.52 0.42

Dongxiang 2.96 0.29 0.16 0.06

Ewenki 0.33 0.03 0.01 0.01

Gaoshan 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00

Gelao 2.11 0.28 0.07 0.05

Han 11,269.07 2,178.91 519.93 316.13

Hani 12.78 1.62 1.07 0.28

Hezhe 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00

Hui 90.45 11.47 4.59 2.43

Jing 0.15 0.02 0.00 0.01

Jingpo 1.17 0.15 0.10 0.03

Jino 0.19 0.02 0.02 0.00

Kazak 10.10 1.46 0.29 0.38

Kirgiz 1.30 0.19 0.04 0.05

Korean 20.45 2.93 1.60 0.98

Lahu 4.02 0.51 0.34 0.09

Lhoba 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00

Li 14.44 0.79 1.16 0.62

Lisu 5.57 0.71 0.46 0.12

Manchu 118.44 17.85 6.54 8.15

Maonan 0.61 0.08 0.02 0.03

Miao 55.10 6.76 2.37 1.35

Monba 0.13 0.01 0.01 0.00





Mulao 1.31 0.18 0.03 0.06

Naxi 2.72 0.34 0.22 0.06

Nu 0.26 0.03 0.02 0.01

Oroqen 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.00

Pumi 0.30 0.04 0.02 0.01

Qiang 1.67 0.24 0.07 0.05

Russian 0.15 0.02 0.00 0.01

Salar 0.92 0.09 0.09 0.02

She 9.47 2.25 0.34 0.19

Shui 1.58 0.21 0.06 0.04

Tajik 0.33 0.05 0.01 0.01

Tatar 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00

Tibetan 56.30 4.54 4.81 1.33

Tu 2.13 0.24 0.20 0.05

Tujia 67.19 8.31 2.46 1.71

Uygur 67.93 9.87 1.98 2.54

Uzbek 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.00

Va 3.51 0.45 0.29 0.08

Xibe 2.29 0.35 0.12 0.18

Yao 20.22 2.70 0.63 0.71

Yi 56.94 7.40 4.10 1.36

Yugur 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.00

Zhuang 112.49 15.34 3.36 5.13


Table 4.8 Number of engaged persons in urban private enterprises and self-employedindividuals at year-end (10,000 persons) (II)

Ethnicgroup





Nationaltotal

5,175.20 788.70 798.70 751.70

Achang 0.13 0.02 0.02 0.02

Bai 6.57 1.22 0.89 0.94

Baonan 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.01

Blang 0.34 0.07 0.04 0.05

Buyi 5.12 0.98 0.51 0.78

Dai 4.34 0.83 0.53 0.63

Daur 0.61 0.14 0.07 0.11

Deang 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.01

Derung 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00

Dong 7.66 1.10 1.47 1.01

Dongxiang 1.48 0.34 0.11 0.23

Ewenki 0.15 0.04 0.02 0.03

Gaoshan 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00

Gelao 0.97 0.19 0.09 0.15

Han 4,788.04 716.94 747.00 692.39

Hani 5.40 1.04 0.66 0.78

Hezhe 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00

Hui 42.00 7.60 5.06 6.15

Jing 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.01

Jingpo 0.49 0.10 0.06 0.07

Jino 0.08 0.02 0.01 0.01

Kazak 4.31 1.07 0.53 0.84

Kirgiz 0.56 0.14 0.07 0.11

Korean 8.16 1.56 0.88 1.85

Lahu 1.70 0.33 0.21 0.25

Lhoba 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00

Li 5.32 1.13 1.28 1.13

Lisu 2.35 0.45 0.29 0.34

Manchu 47.87 7.94 6.46 7.57

Maonan 0.30 0.04 0.03 0.04

Miao 25.09 3.95 4.58 3.45(continued)



Ethnicgroup





Monba 0.06 0.02 0.01 0.01

Mongol 27.83 6.45 2.98 4.93

Mulao 0.66 0.09 0.07 0.08

Naxi 1.15 0.22 0.14 0.17

Nu 0.11 0.02 0.01 0.02

Oroqen 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.01

Pumi 0.13 0.02 0.02 0.02

Qiang 0.75 0.15 0.09 0.13

Russian 0.06 0.02 0.01 0.01

Salar 0.39 0.13 0.02 0.06

She 4.00 0.50 0.69 0.54

Shui 0.72 0.14 0.07 0.11

Tajik 0.14 0.03 0.02 0.03

Tatar 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00

Tibetan 24.63 7.31 2.34 4.60

Tu 0.90 0.28 0.05 0.15

Tujia 31.26 4.42 6.24 4.35

Uygur 29.01 7.19 3.60 5.67

Uzbek 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.01

Va 1.48 0.28 0.18 0.22

Xibe 0.92 0.15 0.13 0.14

Yao 9.76 1.26 1.70 1.14

Yi 24.45 4.77 2.93 3.69

Yugur 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.01

Zhuang 56.15 7.67 6.41 6.44


Table 4.9 Number of engaged persons in private enterprises at year-end (10,000 persons)

Ethnicgroup

Numberofengagedpersons

Employers Number ofengagedpersons inurban area

Employers Number ofengagedpersons inrural area

Employers

Nationaltotal

10,353.60 1,985.70 6,911.90 1,476.10 3,441.70 509.70

Achang 0.22 0.03 0.18 0.03 0.04 0.00

Bai 11.21 1.61 8.86 1.38 2.34 0.23

Baonan 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.00

Blang 0.59 0.08 0.48 0.07 0.11 0.01

Buyi 9.28 2.01 5.45 1.24 3.83 0.77

Dai 7.42 1.02 6.04 0.92 1.38 0.10

Daur 0.78 0.17 0.63 0.15 0.14 0.02

Deang 0.11 0.02 0.09 0.01 0.02 0.00

Derung 0.05 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.00

Dong 12.57 2.40 7.85 1.60 4.72 0.80

Dongxiang 1.92 0.39 1.40 0.30 0.52 0.09

Ewenki 0.19 0.04 0.16 0.04 0.03 0.00

Gaoshan 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00

Gelao 1.73 0.38 1.01 0.23 0.72 0.15

Han 9,741.13 1,869.35 6,465.95 1,383.33 3,275.18 486.02

Hani 9.24 1.27 7.53 1.14 1.71 0.13

Hezhe 0.03 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00

Hui 69.54 14.13 49.93 10.94 19.62 3.19

Jing 0.12 0.02 0.07 0.01 0.05 0.01

Jingpo 0.84 0.12 0.69 0.10 0.16 0.01

Jino 0.13 0.02 0.11 0.02 0.02 0.00

Kazak 5.15 1.49 4.83 1.44 0.32 0.05

Kirgiz 0.67 0.19 0.62 0.18 0.04 0.01

Korean 12.67 2.43 9.90 2.03 2.76 0.39

Lahu 2.91 0.40 2.37 0.36 0.54 0.04

Lhoba 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00

Li 9.94 3.12 8.79 3.01 1.16 0.11

Lisu 4.03 0.56 3.26 0.50 0.77 0.06

Manchu 84.74 15.28 62.43 12.13 22.31 3.15

Maonan 0.47 0.09 0.27 0.06 0.20 0.03

Miao 42.37 7.70 28.63 5.50 13.74 2.20(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Numberofengagedpersons

Employers Number ofengagedpersons inurban area

Employers Number ofengagedpersons inrural area

Employers

Monba 0.07 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.00

Mongol 37.13 7.71 30.19 6.72 6.94 0.98

Mulao 1.02 0.20 0.60 0.13 0.42 0.07

Naxi 1.97 0.27 1.60 0.25 0.38 0.03

Nu 0.19 0.03 0.15 0.02 0.04 0.00

Oroqen 0.05 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.00

Pumi 0.22 0.03 0.18 0.03 0.04 0.00

Qiang 1.38 0.32 0.74 0.26 0.64 0.07

Russian 0.09 0.02 0.07 0.02 0.01 0.00

Salar 0.73 0.09 0.45 0.07 0.27 0.03

She 8.65 1.54 6.02 1.20 2.63 0.35

Shui 1.30 0.28 0.77 0.17 0.53 0.10

Tajik 0.17 0.05 0.16 0.05 0.01 0.00

Tatar 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00

Tibetan 35.81 4.70 26.41 3.91 9.40 0.79

Tu 1.69 0.22 1.07 0.16 0.63 0.06

Tujia 47.79 8.70 34.01 6.61 13.78 2.09

Uygur 34.78 10.01 32.52 9.68 2.25 0.33

Uzbek 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00

Va 2.55 0.35 2.06 0.31 0.48 0.04

Xibe 1.59 0.27 1.22 0.22 0.37 0.05

Yao 15.15 2.76 10.00 1.99 5.15 0.76

Yi 42.63 7.01 31.46 5.90 11.17 1.12

Yugur 0.05 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.00

Zhuang 86.20 16.31 53.07 11.27 33.13 5.04


Table 4.10 Number of self-employed individuals at year-end (10,000 households and 10,000persons)

Ethnic group Number ofhouseholds

Number of engagedpersons

Urbanarea

Ruralarea

Nationaltotal

3,756.50 7,945.30 5,226.90 2,718.40

Achang 0.10 0.20 0.12 0.07

Bai 5.26 10.25 6.52 3.73

Baonan 0.04 0.08 0.05 0.03

Blang 0.27 0.53 0.34 0.19

Buyi 6.57 10.72 5.80 4.92

Dai 3.40 6.68 4.23 2.45

Daur 0.45 0.92 0.72 0.20

Deang 0.05 0.10 0.07 0.04

Derung 0.02 0.04 0.03 0.02

Dong 6.98 12.93 8.45 4.48

Dongxiang 1.31 2.40 1.56 0.84

Ewenki 0.11 0.22 0.17 0.04

Gaoshan 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.01

Gelao 1.27 2.05 1.10 0.95

Han 3,452.48 7,338.43 4,803.12 2,535.31

Hani 4.23 8.30 5.26 3.05

Hezhe 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.01

Hui 29.41 61.55 40.53 21.02

Jing 0.06 0.11 0.08 0.03

Jingpo 0.39 0.76 0.48 0.28

Jino 0.06 0.12 0.08 0.04

Kazak 3.81 6.49 5.27 1.22

Kirgiz 0.49 0.84 0.68 0.16

Korean 6.34 14.82 10.55 4.27

Lahu 1.33 2.62 1.66 0.96

Lhoba 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.01

Li 4.15 6.86 5.65 1.21

Lisu 1.86 3.65 2.31 1.35

Manchu 36.12 82.18 56.01 26.16

Maonan 0.27 0.49 0.33 0.16

Miao 21.91 40.62 26.48 14.14

Monba 0.03 0.08 0.07 0.02(continued)



Ethnic group Number ofhouseholds

Number of engagedpersons

Urbanarea

Ruralarea

Mongol 20.49 41.34 32.41 8.92

Mulao 0.54 1.01 0.71 0.30

Naxi 0.91 1.78 1.13 0.66

Nu 0.08 0.17 0.11 0.06

Oroqen 0.03 0.06 0.04 0.01

Pumi 0.10 0.19 0.12 0.07

Qiang 0.88 1.60 0.93 0.67

Russian 0.05 0.09 0.07 0.02

Salar 0.28 0.61 0.46 0.14

She 2.26 5.52 3.45 2.07

Shui 0.91 1.48 0.81 0.67

Tajik 0.12 0.21 0.17 0.04

Tatar 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.01

Tibetan 17.64 39.82 29.89 9.93

Tu 0.64 1.41 1.06 0.34

Tujia 21.02 45.91 33.18 12.73

Uygur 25.62 43.62 35.41 8.21

Uzbek 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.01

Va 1.16 2.29 1.45 0.84

Xibe 0.69 1.48 1.07 0.41

Yao 7.10 14.02 10.22 3.79

Yi 21.98 41.65 25.48 16.17

Yugur 0.03 0.06 0.04 0.02

Zhuang 43.44 83.11 59.42 23.69


Table 4.11 Total wage bill of employed persons in urban units

Ethnicgroup

(100 million yuan)

Total State-ownedunits

Urban collective-owned units

Units of other types ofownership

Nationaltotal

59,954.70 28,954.80 1,737.40 29,262.40

Achang 0.95 0.59 0.03 0.33

Bai 52.49 32.60 1.55 18.34

Baonan 0.46 0.35 0.01 0.10

Blang 2.58 1.61 0.08 0.89

Buyi 76.36 53.71 2.07 20.57

Dai 32.49 20.31 0.95 11.23

Daur 6.45 4.24 0.18 2.03

Deang 0.50 0.31 0.01 0.17

Derung 0.24 0.14 0.01 0.09

Dong 82.84 51.54 2.58 28.71

Dongxiang 15.31 11.15 0.43 3.73

Ewenki 1.52 0.99 0.04 0.48

Gaoshan 0.22 0.10 0.01 0.11

Gelao 14.73 10.45 0.40 3.89

Han 55,854.28 26,483.50 1,628.44 27,742.33

Hani 40.34 25.22 1.18 13.94

Hezhe 0.22 0.14 0.01 0.08

Hui 508.05 271.26 11.63 225.15

Jing 0.61 0.38 0.02 0.20

Jingpo 3.71 2.32 0.11 1.28

Jino 0.59 0.37 0.02 0.20

Kazak 76.17 48.03 0.98 27.16

Kirgiz 9.78 6.17 0.13 3.48

Korean 84.44 48.94 2.34 33.16

Lahu 12.70 7.94 0.37 4.39

Lhoba 0.13 0.12 0.00 0.01

Li 49.97 32.45 1.42 16.10

Lisu 17.76 11.12 0.53 6.11

Manchu 570.97 298.18 17.70 255.08

Maonan 2.78 1.84 0.10 0.85

Miao 258.65 157.85 7.74 93.05(continued)



Ethnicgroup

(100 million yuan)

Total State-ownedunits



Monba 0.41 0.37 0.00 0.04

Mongol 288.85 182.10 8.42 98.33

Mulao 5.60 3.56 0.20 1.84

Naxi 8.77 5.47 0.26 3.04

Nu 0.82 0.52 0.02 0.28

Oroqen 0.39 0.25 0.01 0.13

Pumi 0.95 0.59 0.03 0.33

Qiang 8.57 5.42 0.35 2.79

Russian 0.95 0.57 0.02 0.36

Salar 5.27 3.93 0.10 1.25

She 47.34 16.98 1.18 29.18

Shui 10.31 7.30 0.28 2.73

Tajik 2.48 1.55 0.03 0.89

Tatar 0.30 0.18 0.00 0.11

Tibetan 216.79 180.70 3.61 32.47

Tu 11.79 8.69 0.23 2.87

Tujia 275.27 144.11 7.71 123.45

Uygur 512.00 322.42 6.62 182.97

Uzbek 0.76 0.47 0.01 0.27

Va 11.23 6.97 0.33 3.92

Xibe 10.67 5.87 0.33 4.46

Yao 79.44 45.43 2.83 31.18

Yi 214.75 136.77 6.97 71.00

Yugur 0.39 0.28 0.01 0.10

Zhuang 443.72 277.02 16.28 150.42


Table 4.12 Indices of total wage bill of employed persons in urban units (preceding year = 100)

Ethnic group Total State-ownedunits



Nationalaverage

126.80 116.30 121.20 139.70

Achang 126.40 117.13 135.66 146.83

Bai 126.57 118.14 133.65 144.40

Baonan 114.52 111.05 134.37 125.42

Blang 126.45 117.13 135.61 146.89

Buyi 127.88 129.14 133.45 123.01

Dai 126.40 117.14 135.63 146.81

Daur 123.24 117.98 116.34 138.39

Deang 126.42 117.13 135.75 146.93

Derung 126.65 117.41 133.50 145.80

Dong 126.40 122.28 124.85 132.03

Dongxiang 115.29 111.57 134.41 125.85

Ewenki 125.42 120.04 121.81 140.01

Gaoshan 126.40 116.72 122.25 140.81

Gelao 127.96 129.47 133.57 122.54

Han 126.01 116.22 121.46 141.13

Hani 126.42 117.13 135.69 146.87

Hezhe 117.59 112.92 102.59 132.82

Hui 123.92 117.39 124.52 137.41

Jing 117.96 111.30 119.79 134.14

Jingpo 126.41 117.16 135.66 146.78

Jino 126.44 117.15 135.69 146.91

Kazak 132.12 122.88 132.20 152.47

Kirgiz 132.01 122.80 131.89 152.32

Korean 121.13 116.21 109.61 132.16

Lahu 126.42 117.12 135.64 146.87

Lhoba 107.44 106.46 81.99 122.05

Li 122.73 118.23 116.80 133.63

Lisu 126.31 117.14 135.22 146.55

Manchu 123.43 116.74 121.39 135.75

Maonan 120.33 116.18 122.94 130.13

Miao 127.73 122.43 126.39 135.39

Monba 106.34 105.52 79.90 121.33(continued)



Ethnic group Total State-ownedunits



Mongol 125.90 120.09 124.01 140.16

Mulao 118.77 113.25 120.46 131.97

Naxi 126.25 117.11 135.02 146.44

Nu 126.10 116.93 134.73 146.43

Oroqen 121.47 116.43 112.15 136.41

Pumi 126.38 117.12 135.52 146.77

Qiang 123.36 118.09 121.26 135.65

Russian 129.46 121.58 128.18 147.20

Salar 129.84 122.12 130.21 166.93

She 134.79 118.64 124.95 149.99

Shui 127.52 128.52 133.15 123.47

Tajik 131.97 122.66 131.89 152.21

Tatar 131.22 122.18 131.91 150.93

Tibetan 116.22 112.65 104.85 135.69

Tu 129.26 121.65 129.95 164.35

Tujia 130.93 119.14 113.51 148.77

Uygur 132.14 122.87 132.14 152.48

Uzbek 131.99 122.74 131.99 152.21

Va 126.44 117.09 135.38 146.80

Xibe 126.22 120.06 133.52 136.08

Yao 120.94 112.39 118.42 138.11

Yi 125.73 118.76 131.45 141.05

Yugur 113.89 110.60 134.31 123.75

Zhuang 117.97 111.16 119.61 134.34


Table 4.13 Average wage of employed persons in urban units (yuan)

Ethnicgroup

Total Staff andworkers

State-ownedunits


Units of other typesof ownership

Nationalaverage

41,799 42,452 43,483 28,791 41,323

Achang 34,069 35,091 38,760 32,067 28,035

Bai 34,413 35,447 38,528 31,506 29,123

Baonan 32,743 33,402 33,162 28,052 32,217

Blang 34,098 35,119 38,795 32,058 28,070

Buyi 36,245 37,446 37,834 30,866 33,377

Dai 34,084 35,105 38,772 32,059 28,044

Daur 37,926 38,916 39,678 32,870 35,207

Deang 34,040 35,064 38,709 32,078 27,996

Derung 35,065 36,031 39,339 31,555 29,979

Dong 35,669 36,756 37,297 28,497 33,708

Dongxiang 32,879 33,516 32,943 29,059 33,058

Ewenki 40,418 40,955 42,959 35,817 36,211

Gaoshan 37,866 38,566 41,245 27,847 36,127

Gelao 36,253 37,461 37,720 30,823 33,440

Han 38,961 39,681 43,275 28,822 36,770

Hani 34,072 35,095 38,764 32,086 28,030

Hezhe 33,016 34,967 33,777 25,387 32,715

Hui 39,062 40,027 40,691 30,725 37,993

Jing 33,507 34,520 35,602 22,914 31,735

Jingpo 34,075 35,097 38,747 32,054 28,058

Jino 34,074 35,097 38,754 32,073 28,034

Kazak 38,237 38,820 36,324 38,898 42,159

Kirgiz 38,190 38,787 36,306 38,789 42,073

Korean 34,698 35,604 35,715 25,459 34,340

Lahu 34,068 35,089 38,757 32,062 28,040

Lhoba 48,516 54,384 49,984 16,625 35,601

Li 36,308 36,816 37,709 25,186 35,121

Lisu 34,155 35,164 38,844 31,968 28,127

Manchu 37,618 38,354 39,044 25,330 37,343

Maonan 34,144 35,219 35,957 24,816 32,173

Miao 35,837 36,887 38,016 29,202 33,261

Monba 49,340 55,443 50,833 16,081 35,823(continued)



Ethnicgroup


State-ownedunits



Mongol 40,077 40,567 42,448 34,010 36,550

Mulao 33,886 34,918 35,919 23,580 32,073

Naxi 34,257 35,289 38,945 31,921 28,202

Nu 34,347 35,441 39,022 31,832 28,224

Oroqen 36,579 37,833 38,186 30,543 34,354

Pumi 34,118 35,140 38,797 32,038 28,100

Qiang 37,367 37,966 42,064 28,377 31,670

Russian 39,794 40,350 39,895 37,382 40,325

Salar 40,327 41,380 44,985 24,829 31,192

She 39,736 40,290 50,291 33,913 35,953

Shui 36,085 37,285 37,651 30,637 33,221

Tajik 38,250 38,840 36,504 38,521 41,996

Tatar 38,293 38,885 36,693 38,134 41,818

Tibetan 43,117 46,425 46,097 21,578 33,077

Tu 40,074 41,102 44,876 24,935 31,214

Tujia 36,528 37,455 39,043 27,620 34,716

Uygur 38,255 38,839 36,360 38,878 42,164

Uzbek 38,317 38,901 36,522 38,700 42,133

Va 34,145 35,156 38,826 31,983 28,185

Xibe 38,174 38,816 39,248 27,107 38,732

Yao 34,565 35,498 36,961 24,377 32,860

Yi 35,213 36,140 39,535 30,908 29,632

Yugur 32,610 33,255 32,935 28,079 32,347

Zhuang 33,621 34,615 35,954 23,070 31,650


Table 4.14 Indices of average wage of employed persons in urban units (preceding year = 100)

Ethnicgroup


State-ownedunits



Nationalaverage

114.4 114.3 113.4 119.9 115.4

Achang 116.4 116.1 116.7 132.4 120.1

Bai 116.6 116.3 116.5 131.0 119.9

Baonan 110.8 111.1 108.8 125.5 117.2

Blang 116.4 116.0 116.7 132.3 120.0

Buyi 118.3 118.4 118.4 127.9 116.8

Dai 116.4 116.1 116.7 132.4 120.1

Daur 115.4 115.6 115.4 126.7 115.4

Deang 116.5 116.1 116.7 132.5 120.1

Derung 116.1 115.8 116.2 130.3 119.3

Dong 116.6 116.5 115.1 122.7 118.2

Dongxiang 111.3 111.7 109.3 125.7 117.1

Ewenki 116.3 116.3 116.8 127.0 115.8

Gaoshan 114.0 113.7 113.4 120.2 115.2

Gelao 118.4 118.4 118.5 128.0 116.8

Han 114.1 113.9 113.2 120.5 116.0

Hani 116.4 116.1 116.7 132.4 120.1

Hezhe 113.1 113.3 112.0 126.3 113.8

Hui 114.4 114.1 114.1 117.4 116.7

Jing 108.6 108.0 108.0 105.2 112.3

Jingpo 116.4 116.1 116.7 132.4 120.1

Jino 116.4 116.1 116.7 132.5 120.1

Kazak 119.5 119.9 117.1 124.6 122.3

Kirgiz 119.4 119.9 117.0 124.6 122.2

Korean 114.5 114.7 113.2 138.7 114.2

Lahu 116.4 116.0 116.7 132.4 120.1

Lhoba 100.7 103.9 100.3 96.3 106.4

Li 117.7 118.3 118.8 121.9 115.1

Lisu 116.4 116.0 116.6 132.1 120.0

Manchu 112.3 111.9 112.8 122.2 110.9

Maonan 111.0 110.5 110.6 110.5 113.3

Miao 116.7 116.6 115.8 124.4 118.1

Monba 99.9 103.2 99.5 95.0 105.8(continued)



Ethnicgroup


State-ownedunits



Mongol 115.7 115.7 116.2 126.2 115.4

Mulao 109.4 108.8 108.8 106.8 112.6

Naxi 116.3 116.0 116.6 131.9 119.9

Nu 116.2 115.8 116.4 131.7 119.8

Oroqen 114.6 114.8 114.4 126.5 114.7

Pumi 116.4 116.0 116.7 132.3 120.0

Qiang 114.6 114.6 114.5 120.9 116.6

Russian 118.0 118.2 116.8 125.2 119.5

Salar 114.2 114.1 112.9 118.3 128.7

She 116.7 116.6 114.9 124.4 119.6

Shui 118.0 118.0 118.1 127.3 116.7

Tajik 119.3 119.7 117.0 124.4 122.1

Tatar 118.9 119.3 116.6 124.5 121.9

Tibetan 107.4 108.9 106.7 108.6 114.4

Tu 114.1 113.9 112.8 118.6 127.7

Tujia 115.4 115.5 113.9 118.7 118.6

Uygur 119.4 119.9 117.1 124.6 122.3

Uzbek 119.3 119.8 117.0 124.5 122.2

Va 116.4 116.0 116.6 132.1 120.0

Xibe 112.8 112.6 113.4 121.6 111.6

Yao 111.2 110.8 109.5 111.1 115.7

Yi 116.2 115.9 116.3 128.8 118.7

Yugur 110.6 110.9 108.7 125.7 116.6

Zhuang 108.6 107.9 108.0 105.5 112.5


Table 4.15 Indices of average real wage of employed persons in urban units (precedingyear = 100)

Ethnicgroup


State-ownedunits



Nationalaverage

108.6 108.5 107.7 113.9 109.6

Achang 110.6 110.2 110.8 125.7 114.0

Bai 110.8 110.5 110.6 124.4 113.9

Baonan 105.2 105.5 103.3 119.2 111.3

Blang 110.6 110.2 110.8 125.7 114.0

Buyi 112.4 112.4 112.4 121.5 110.9

Dai 110.6 110.2 110.8 125.7 114.0

Daur 109.6 109.7 109.6 120.3 109.6

Deang 110.6 110.2 110.8 125.8 114.1

Derung 110.3 110.0 110.3 123.7 113.3

Dong 110.7 110.7 109.3 116.5 112.2

Dongxiang 105.7 106.0 103.8 119.3 111.2

Ewenki 110.4 110.5 110.9 120.7 110.0

Gaoshan 108.2 108.0 107.7 114.1 109.4

Gelao 112.4 112.5 112.5 121.5 110.9

Han 108.4 108.2 107.5 114.4 110.1

Hani 110.6 110.2 110.8 125.8 114.0

Hezhe 107.4 107.6 106.4 120.0 108.1

Hui 108.6 108.3 108.3 111.4 110.8

Jing 103.1 102.5 102.6 99.9 106.7

Jingpo 110.6 110.2 110.8 125.7 114.0

Jino 110.6 110.2 110.8 125.8 114.0

Kazak 113.4 113.9 111.2 118.3 116.2

Kirgiz 113.4 113.8 111.2 118.4 116.1

Korean 108.7 108.9 107.5 131.7 108.5

Lahu 110.6 110.2 110.8 125.7 114.0

Lhoba 95.7 98.7 95.2 91.5 101.0

Li 111.8 112.3 112.8 115.8 109.4

Lisu 110.5 110.2 110.8 125.4 113.9

Manchu 106.6 106.3 107.1 116.1 105.3

Maonan 105.4 105.0 105.0 105.0 107.6

Miao 110.8 110.8 110.0 118.1 112.1(continued)



Ethnicgroup


State-ownedunits



Monba 94.9 98.0 94.5 90.2 100.5

Mongol 109.9 109.9 110.4 119.8 109.6

Mulao 103.9 103.3 103.4 101.5 106.9

Naxi 110.5 110.1 110.7 125.3 113.9

Nu 110.3 110.0 110.5 125.1 113.8

Oroqen 108.9 109.0 108.6 120.2 108.9

Pumi 110.6 110.2 110.8 125.7 114.0

Qiang 108.9 108.8 108.7 114.9 110.7

Russian 112.0 112.3 111.0 118.9 113.5

Salar 108.5 108.3 107.2 112.4 122.2

She 110.8 110.7 109.1 118.1 113.6

Shui 112.1 112.1 112.1 120.9 110.8

Tajik 113.3 113.7 111.1 118.2 116.0

Tatar 112.9 113.3 110.8 118.2 115.7

Tibetan 101.9 103.4 101.4 103.1 108.7

Tu 108.3 108.2 107.1 112.6 121.3

Tujia 109.6 109.7 108.2 112.8 112.6

Uygur 113.4 113.9 111.2 118.3 116.2

Uzbek 113.3 113.8 111.1 118.2 116.0

Va 110.5 110.2 110.7 125.4 113.9

Xibe 107.1 106.9 107.6 115.4 106.0

Yao 105.6 105.3 104.0 105.5 109.9

Yi 110.3 110.1 110.4 122.3 112.8

Yugur 105.1 105.3 103.2 119.3 110.8

Zhuang 103.1 102.5 102.5 100.2 106.8


Table 4.16 Average wage of employed persons in urban units by status of registration (yuan) (I)

Ethnicgroup

Total State-owned units


Cooperativeunits

Jointownershipunits

Nationalaverage

41,799 43,483 28,791 36,740 36,142

Achang 34,069 38,760 32,067 26,313 28,279

Bai 34,413 38,528 31,506 29,325 28,239

Baonan 32,743 33,162 28,052 24,678 30,105

Blang 34,098 38,795 32,058 26,349 28,293

Buyi 36,245 37,834 30,866 49,639 26,783

Dai 34,084 38,772 32,059 26,351 28,288

Daur 37,926 39,678 32,870 31,553 30,011

Deang 34,040 38,709 32,078 26,262 28,226

Derung 35,065 39,339 31,555 27,944 28,934

Dong 35,669 37,297 28,497 43,271 27,772

Dongxiang 32,879 32,943 29,059 26,813 31,083

Ewenki 40,418 42,959 35,817 30,644 29,255

Gaoshan 37,866 41,245 27,847 35,396 31,029

Gelao 36,253 37,720 30,823 50,070 26,714

Han 38,961 43,275 28,822 34,962 33,203

Hani 34,072 38,764 32,086 26,311 28,265

Hezhe 33,016 33,777 25,387 30,806 30,819

Hui 39,062 40,691 30,725 35,246 30,495

Jing 33,507 35,602 22,914 36,387 26,215

Jingpo 34,075 38,747 32,054 26,363 28,283

Jino 34,074 38,754 32,073 26,303 28,243

Kazak 38,237 36,324 38,898 53,399 37,593

Kirgiz 38,190 36,306 38,789 53,227 37,541

Korean 34,698 35,715 25,459 26,361 24,588

Lahu 34,068 38,757 32,062 26,317 28,293

Lhoba 48,516 49,984 16,625 3,842 24,226

Li 36,308 37,709 25,186 30,875 27,724

Lisu 34,155 38,844 31,968 26,581 28,429

Manchu 37,618 39,044 25,330 30,127 27,052

Maonan 34,144 35,957 24,816 40,484 26,214

Miao 35,837 38,016 29,202 41,329 27,965

Monba 49,340 50,833 16,081 2,245 24,211(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Total State-owned units


Cooperativeunits

Jointownershipunits

Mongol 40,077 42,448 34,010 30,984 28,688

Mulao 33,886 35,919 23,580 38,288 26,399

Naxi 34,257 38,945 31,921 26,519 28,415

Nu 34,347 39,022 31,832 26,071 28,264

Oroqen 36,579 38,186 30,543 30,699 30,003

Pumi 34,118 38,797 32,038 26,354 28,303

Qiang 37,367 42,064 28,377 35,887 34,148

Russian 39,794 39,895 37,382 44,045 34,439

Salar 40,327 44,985 24,829 29,031 19,539

She 39,736 50,291 33,913 41,842 33,403

Shui 36,085 37,651 30,637 49,018 26,660

Tajik 38,250 36,504 38,521 52,772 37,402

Tatar 38,293 36,693 38,134 51,564 37,209

Tibetan 43,117 46,097 21,578 17,116 25,482

Tu 40,074 44,876 24,935 28,951 20,312

Tujia 36,528 39,043 27,620 37,479 29,622

Uygur 38,255 36,360 38,878 53,386 37,593

Uzbek 38,317 36,522 38,700 53,077 37,546

Va 34,145 38,826 31,983 26,474 28,497

Xibe 38,174 39,248 27,107 32,160 29,878

Yao 34,565 36,961 24,377 34,773 28,336

Yi 35,213 39,535 30,908 31,593 29,699

Yugur 32,610 32,935 28,079 24,369 30,482

Zhuang 33,621 35,954 23,070 35,587 26,634


Table 4.17 Average wage of employed persons in urban units by status of registration (yuan)(II)

Ethnicgroup

Limitedliabilitycorporations

Share-holdingcorporations

Others Units with funds fromHong Kong, Macau, andTaiwan

Foreign-fundedunits

Nationalaverage

37,611 49,978 29,961 38,341 48,869

Achang 28,446 42,178 22,848 29,764 31,597

Bai 28,920 42,229 23,350 29,954 32,025

Baonan 31,328 38,285 19,622 25,006 36,579

Blang 28,481 42,166 22,881 29,787 31,632

Buyi 29,161 43,597 22,721 30,245 32,218

Dai 28,448 42,148 22,870 29,761 31,618

Daur 33,380 40,323 26,413 33,197 38,382

Deang 28,420 42,146 22,795 29,749 31,567

Derung 30,088 42,511 24,003 30,509 32,972

Dong 30,811 41,820 25,469 30,340 34,301

Dongxiang 31,835 39,560 20,497 25,711 36,597

Ewenki 35,235 39,492 26,903 34,321 40,698

Gaoshan 34,518 43,271 29,296 33,438 38,716

Gelao 29,136 43,665 22,665 30,244 32,194

Han 35,406 44,099 30,771 33,172 38,823

Hani 28,446 42,171 22,840 29,768 31,599

Hezhe 29,276 41,287 25,183 30,779 34,882

Hui 37,104 42,897 26,625 33,228 38,584

Jing 30,927 34,787 26,205 27,630 39,608

Jingpo 28,462 42,180 22,857 29,769 31,609

Jino 28,443 42,173 22,838 29,773 31,624

Kazak 36,712 56,625 30,822 35,940 35,373

Kirgiz 36,643 56,492 30,792 35,903 35,347

Korean 29,645 42,705 25,372 29,747 43,145

Lahu 28,458 42,135 22,862 29,771 31,595

Lhoba 47,854 41,288 7,751 3,176 42,943

Li 30,817 56,392 24,635 29,124 34,860

Lisu 28,472 41,975 23,019 29,735 31,678

Manchu 34,779 45,197 25,849 35,438 40,446

Maonan 30,388 36,858 25,183 28,221 37,734

Miao 30,684 42,228 25,275 30,840 34,168

Monba 48,732 41,386 7,033 1,926 43,621

Mongol 35,262 40,866 26,726 34,463 40,604

Mulao 30,855 35,816 26,014 27,953 39,056

Naxi 28,581 42,052 22,970 29,669 31,790

Nu 28,808 42,163 22,685 29,377 31,833(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Limitedliabilitycorporations

Share-holdingcorporations

Others Units with funds fromHong Kong, Macau, andTaiwan

Foreign-fundedunits

Oroqen 32,209 40,152 26,006 32,468 37,555

Pumi 28,500 42,156 22,888 29,771 31,672

Qiang 29,421 36,998 29,503 28,717 34,833

Russian 36,581 50,425 29,505 35,962 38,563

Salar 29,861 41,600 19,739 29,641 33,489

She 34,282 47,160 34,230 32,615 36,990

Shui 29,151 43,234 22,716 30,117 32,404

Tajik 36,699 56,196 30,792 35,847 35,491

Tatar 36,609 55,842 30,406 35,755 35,941

Tibetan 38,424 39,738 15,734 15,808 38,369

Tu 30,021 41,611 20,311 29,496 33,647

Tujia 32,916 40,091 28,561 32,399 38,400

Uygur 36,725 56,619 30,851 35,955 35,391

Uzbek 36,739 56,563 30,866 35,963 35,551

Va 28,568 42,098 23,021 29,843 31,696

Xibe 35,545 49,821 26,821 35,861 39,006

Yao 32,141 38,710 28,023 29,134 38,190

Yi 28,786 40,869 24,651 29,517 32,555

Yugur 31,468 38,160 19,681 25,054 36,967

Zhuang 31,037 35,419 26,454 27,749 39,553


Table 4.18 Total wage bill of employed persons in urban units (100 million yuan) (I)

Ethnicgroup


Mining Manufacturing Production anddistribution ofelectricity, gas, andwater

Nationaltotal

59,954.7 697.7 3,174.2 15,031.4 1,755.7

Achang 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0

Bai 52.5 0.8 2.6 9.7 2.0

Baonan 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Blang 2.6 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.1

Buyi 76.4 0.4 4.5 13.2 3.7

Dai 32.5 0.6 1.7 5.8 1.2

Daur 6.4 0.4 0.6 0.9 0.3

Deang 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Derung 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Dong 82.8 0.5 3.4 17.0 3.3

Dongxiang 15.3 0.6 1.3 2.6 0.6

Ewenki 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Gaoshan 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Gelao 14.7 0.1 0.9 2.5 0.7

Han 55,854.3 558.3 2,931.3 14,291.0 1,606.1

Hani 40.3 0.8 2.1 7.3 1.5

Hezhe 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Hui 508.1 12.3 41.6 94.3 19.9

Jing 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Jingpo 3.7 0.1 0.2 0.7 0.1

Jino 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Kazak 76.2 9.0 7.9 8.0 2.6

Kirgiz 9.8 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.3

Korean 84.4 3.1 5.8 18.7 2.8

Lahu 12.7 0.2 0.7 2.3 0.5

Lhoba 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Li 50.0 4.1 0.7 4.5 1.4

Lisu 17.8 0.3 0.9 3.2 0.7

Manchu 571.0 11.0 38.3 127.9 19.5

Maonan 2.8 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.1

Miao 258.6 2.1 11.1 52.0 10.3(continued)



Ethnicgroup



Monba 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mongol 288.9 12.8 24.5 46.0 12.9

Mulao 5.6 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.2

Naxi 8.8 0.2 0.4 1.6 0.3

Nu 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Oroqen 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Pumi 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0

Qiang 8.6 0.0 0.3 1.8 0.3

Russian 0.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

Salar 5.3 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.1

She 47.3 0.2 0.4 17.0 1.2

Shui 10.3 0.1 0.6 1.8 0.5

Tajik 2.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1

Tatar 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tibetan 216.8 3.3 5.8 22.1 6.7

Tu 11.8 0.3 0.6 2.1 0.3

Tujia 275.3 1.8 8.2 66.6 9.7

Uygur 512.0 60.0 53.0 54.0 17.4

Uzbek 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0

Va 11.2 0.2 0.6 2.0 0.4

Xibe 10.7 0.4 0.8 2.4 0.4

Yao 79.4 1.0 1.5 17.7 2.6

Yi 214.7 2.9 10.7 39.9 8.1

Yugur 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Zhuang 443.7 7.5 7.4 86.1 15.3


Table 4.19 Total wage bill of employed persons in urban units (100 million yuan) (II)

Ethnicgroup





Nationaltotal

5,596.4 3,074.1 1,475.6 2,594.8 655.2

Achang 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Bai 5.2 2.6 0.8 2.6 0.6

Baonan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Blang 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Buyi 7.9 3.3 1.2 3.3 0.6

Dai 3.2 1.6 0.5 1.7 0.4

Daur 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.0

Deang 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Derung 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Dong 9.0 3.9 1.3 3.2 0.8

Dongxiang 1.3 0.9 0.1 0.3 0.1

Ewenki 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gaoshan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gelao 1.5 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.1

Han 5,204.7 2,848.4 1,393.6 2,444.2 616.0

Hani 3.9 2.0 0.6 2.1 0.5

Hezhe 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Hui 40.0 27.9 14.9 21.1 5.0

Jing 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Jingpo 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.0

Jino 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kazak 9.1 4.3 0.8 2.3 0.6

Kirgiz 1.2 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.1

Korean 5.1 5.0 2.5 3.0 0.7

Lahu 1.2 0.6 0.2 0.7 0.2

Lhoba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Li 2.9 3.7 1.0 2.0 1.9

Lisu 1.8 0.9 0.3 0.9 0.2

Manchu 41.4 35.2 19.5 22.8 5.7

Maonan 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0

Miao 29.9 12.1 4.2 10.4 2.7(continued)



Ethnicgroup





Monba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mongol 20.8 19.1 5.9 7.7 2.1

Mulao 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.0

Naxi 0.9 0.4 0.1 0.5 0.1

Nu 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oroqen 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pumi 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Qiang 1.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1

Russian 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Salar 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0

She 6.9 1.8 0.8 1.7 0.5

Shui 1.1 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.1

Tajik 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Tatar 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tibetan 13.7 9.1 2.8 4.9 1.6

Tu 1.1 0.8 0.2 0.3 0.1

Tujia 40.1 13.1 4.5 10.4 3.0

Uygur 60.9 28.9 5.5 15.2 3.8

Uzbek 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Va 1.1 0.6 0.2 0.6 0.1

Xibe 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.4 0.1

Yao 7.7 4.6 1.4 2.9 0.8

Yi 23.1 10.3 3.1 9.5 2.2

Yugur 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Zhuang 42.0 27.4 7.8 16.3 4.0


Table 4.20 Total wage bill of employed persons in urban units (100 million yuan) (III)

Ethnicgroup


Realestate


Scientificresearch,technicalservices, andgeologicalprospective

Management ofwaterconservancy,environment, andpublic facilities

Nationaltotal

4,007.0 1,052.5 1,325.3 1,879.6 659.8

Achang 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Bai 3.3 0.7 0.8 1.2 0.6

Baonan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Blang 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Buyi 4.8 1.1 0.8 1.5 0.9

Dai 2.0 0.4 0.5 0.8 0.4

Daur 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Deang 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Derung 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Dong 5.2 1.3 1.1 1.7 0.9

Dongxiang 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.2

Ewenki 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gaoshan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gelao 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Han 3,765.1 994.8 1,251.4 1,759.6 605.8

Hani 2.5 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.4

Hezhe 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Hui 32.5 9.0 14.0 19.7 6.8

Jing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Jingpo 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Jino 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Kazak 3.2 0.6 1.0 1.6 1.0

Kirgiz 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Korean 5.3 1.4 1.8 3.3 1.3

Lahu 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.1

Lhoba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Li 2.6 1.9 0.9 1.0 0.8

Lisu 1.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.2

Manchu 38.1 10.4 15.5 24.0 8.4(continued)



Ethnicgroup


Realestate



Management ofwaterconservancy,environment, andpublic facilities

Maonan 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Miao 15.9 4.1 3.4 5.5 2.8

Monba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Mongol 16.0 3.0 4.4 7.4 5.6

Mulao 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Naxi 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Nu 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Oroqen 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pumi 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Qiang 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.1

Russian 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Salar 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1

She 2.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.4

Shui 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1

Tajik 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Tatar 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tibetan 13.2 1.2 2.1 9.0 1.9

Tu 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.1

Tujia 15.6 4.7 3.3 6.5 2.7

Uygur 21.7 4.0 6.4 10.5 6.9

Uzbek 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Va 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1

Xibe 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.2

Yao 5.1 1.3 1.5 1.9 1.0

Yi 13.1 2.7 3.0 6.0 2.3

Yugur 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Zhuang 28.0 6.4 9.4 11.7 6.4


Table 4.21 Total wage bill of employed persons in urban units (100 million yuan) (IV)

Ethnicgroup





Nationaltotal

197.9 6,938.8 3,078.6 642.1 6,118.1

Achang 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1

Bai 0.1 8.3 2.8 0.5 7.2

Baonan 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Blang 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.3

Buyi 0.3 12.6 3.9 0.5 11.9

Dai 0.0 5.2 1.7 0.3 4.4

Daur 0.1 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.8

Deang 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Derung 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Dong 0.3 12.6 5.0 0.7 11.7

Dongxiang 0.0 2.5 0.7 0.2 2.5

Ewenki 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2

Gaoshan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Gelao 0.1 2.4 0.7 0.1 2.3

Han 183.3 6,372.3 2,852.3 595.4 5,580.7

Hani 0.1 6.5 2.1 0.4 5.5

Hezhe 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Hui 1.8 60.3 24.0 6.8 56.2

Jing 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Jingpo 0.0 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.5

Jino 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Kazak 0.3 9.3 3.8 0.8 10.1

Kirgiz 0.0 1.2 0.5 0.1 1.3

Korean 0.4 10.2 4.5 1.0 8.3

Lahu 0.0 2.0 0.7 0.1 1.7

Lhoba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Li 0.1 9.2 3.0 0.7 7.4

Lisu 0.0 2.9 0.9 0.2 2.4

Manchu 2.8 63.2 27.5 7.3 52.5

Maonan 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.0 0.4

Miao 0.8 38.8 14.9 2.2 35.4(continued)



Ethnicgroup





Monba 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2

Mongol 2.1 41.1 14.6 3.7 39.0

Mulao 0.0 0.9 0.4 0.1 0.7

Naxi 0.0 1.4 0.5 0.1 1.2

Nu 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Oroqen 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pumi 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1

Qiang 0.0 1.2 0.6 0.1 1.2

Russian 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Salar 0.0 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.9

She 0.1 4.7 2.1 0.4 3.8

Shui 0.0 1.7 0.5 0.1 1.6

Tajik 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.3

Tatar 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Tibetan 0.4 37.9 13.1 4.4 63.4

Tu 0.0 1.7 0.6 0.1 1.9

Tujia 0.7 34.9 16.1 2.6 31.0

Uygur 2.3 62.4 25.4 5.6 68.0

Uzbek 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Va 0.0 1.8 0.6 0.1 1.5

Xibe 0.0 1.2 0.5 0.1 1.0

Yao 0.2 11.9 5.7 0.8 9.9

Yi 0.4 33.7 12.4 1.8 29.6

Yugur 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Zhuang 0.9 74.3 33.8 4.2 54.8


Table 4.22 Average wage of employed persons in urban units (yuan) (I)

Ethnicgroup



Nationalaverage

41,799 19,469 52,230 36,665 52,723

Achang 34,069 19,666 34,077 32,938 48,119

Bai 34,413 19,960 34,763 33,399 48,135

Baonan 32,743 20,891 54,037 36,383 36,804

Blang 34,098 19,708 34,119 32,953 48,165

Buyi 36,245 23,829 40,920 35,133 53,244

Dai 34,084 19,690 34,102 32,947 48,116

Daur 37,926 20,338 49,715 34,919 48,753

Deang 34,040 19,637 34,038 32,940 48,067

Derung 35,065 20,144 37,303 33,400 48,758

Dong 35,669 21,256 37,778 34,867 48,440

Dongxiang 32,879 20,733 55,111 36,690 37,641

Ewenki 40,418 22,236 50,747 35,990 51,814

Gaoshan 37,866 20,982 46,589 34,128 49,899

Gelao 36,253 23,860 40,991 35,183 53,271

Han 38,961 22,510 48,279 34,762 52,314

Hani 34,072 19,666 34,070 32,950 48,135

Hezhe 33,016 16,251 45,548 32,316 42,407

Hui 39,062 23,067 57,292 35,726 51,465

Jing 33,507 18,721 34,372 30,641 43,853

Jingpo 34,075 19,661 34,119 32,947 48,115

Jino 34,074 19,675 34,053 32,958 48,116

Kazak 38,237 22,679 63,040 39,873 50,567

Kirgiz 38,190 22,613 62,869 39,794 50,521

Korean 34,698 18,144 41,025 35,157 39,840

Lahu 34,068 19,677 34,120 32,937 48,108

Lhoba 48,516 20,042 44,129 30,404 50,778

Li 36,308 21,980 39,281 30,876 43,107

Lisu 34,155 19,851 34,351 32,945 48,061

Manchu 37,618 14,490 50,070 35,583 47,255

Maonan 34,144 20,053 36,046 31,785 46,201

Miao 35,837 21,996 37,751 34,826 49,381(continued)



Ethnicgroup



Monba 49,340 20,128 44,476 30,332 51,011

Mongol 40,077 21,244 50,677 36,156 50,909

Mulao 33,886 19,235 35,205 31,136 44,997

Naxi 34,257 19,876 34,374 32,963 48,146

Nu 34,347 19,719 34,327 32,915 48,265

Oroqen 36,579 19,028 48,180 34,051 46,983

Pumi 34,118 19,696 34,209 32,959 48,128

Qiang 37,367 26,424 42,457 33,257 46,108

Russian 39,794 22,866 58,312 38,604 51,826

Salar 40,327 28,892 47,043 35,573 44,542

She 39,736 25,448 35,776 33,888 62,105

Shui 36,085 23,576 40,583 34,969 52,839

Tajik 38,250 22,677 62,520 39,695 50,587

Tatar 38,293 22,696 62,312 39,710 50,322

Tibetan 43,117 23,522 44,504 32,369 47,141

Tu 40,074 28,341 46,610 35,407 44,998

Tujia 36,528 22,398 36,296 35,782 48,327

Uygur 38,255 22,678 62,995 39,862 50,602

Uzbek 38,317 22,678 62,750 39,802 50,667

Va 34,145 19,804 34,430 32,947 48,103

Xibe 38,174 14,544 51,547 36,940 47,155

Yao 34,565 18,097 34,912 32,416 44,172

Yi 35,213 21,994 37,168 33,276 48,109

Yugur 32,610 20,640 54,244 36,410 36,718

Zhuang 33,621 18,499 34,450 30,672 44,096


Table 4.23 Average wage of employed persons in urban units (yuan) (II)

Ethnicgroup





Nationalaverage

32,103 47,078 70,918 40,654 27,486

Achang 25,308 44,128 42,279 31,454 19,549

Bai 26,285 43,197 42,748 31,962 20,276

Baonan 25,995 38,383 27,051 24,595 20,075

Blang 25,333 44,113 42,339 31,471 19,574

Buyi 32,219 38,335 46,392 34,581 23,241

Dai 25,311 44,117 42,268 31,476 19,572

Daur 28,358 44,718 43,680 29,584 24,914

Deang 25,276 44,115 42,153 31,438 19,517

Derung 26,499 44,073 43,922 31,637 20,501

Dong 30,843 38,888 45,081 33,803 23,199

Dongxiang 26,517 39,110 27,982 25,599 20,616

Ewenki 28,702 46,939 42,516 29,214 25,282

Gaoshan 31,114 42,486 50,791 32,817 24,585

Gelao 32,346 38,191 46,358 34,644 23,274

Han 31,133 43,754 52,405 33,298 24,688

Hani 25,303 44,117 42,254 31,465 19,542

Hezhe 27,148 39,076 47,174 29,797 23,810

Hui 30,492 43,377 47,442 32,197 23,649

Jing 29,445 38,873 44,004 30,259 20,639

Jingpo 25,325 44,112 42,253 31,465 19,556

Jino 25,300 44,118 42,241 31,472 19,540

Kazak 35,532 53,193 48,007 40,259 28,111

Kirgiz 35,459 53,081 48,040 40,176 28,085

Korean 27,636 40,001 44,871 28,968 23,141

Lahu 25,308 44,101 42,243 31,443 19,558

Lhoba 26,706 48,190 55,891 39,773 25,795

Li 31,596 50,066 64,558 30,292 22,531

Lisu 25,356 44,093 42,368 31,484 19,744

Manchu 29,533 42,330 54,548 30,561 24,753

Maonan 30,273 38,400 44,423 31,375 21,296

Miao 30,380 39,691 46,031 33,681 22,973(continued)



Ethnicgroup





Monba 26,567 48,636 56,625 40,343 25,970

Mongol 29,180 46,429 44,641 29,734 25,226

Mulao 29,864 38,714 44,527 30,885 20,995

Naxi 25,391 44,134 42,513 31,589 19,781

Nu 25,377 44,207 42,610 31,622 19,696

Oroqen 27,854 42,864 44,717 29,342 24,530

Pumi 25,344 44,113 42,316 31,472 19,599

Qiang 27,582 43,540 47,064 33,490 26,649

Russian 33,158 50,723 47,261 36,403 27,068

Salar 31,720 48,846 45,225 29,940 21,953

She 34,208 47,661 62,585 38,827 26,426

Shui 32,059 38,299 46,117 34,356 23,073

Tajik 35,395 52,861 48,141 40,018 27,972

Tatar 35,134 52,400 47,820 39,646 27,742

Tibetan 27,656 46,695 49,363 34,956 24,593

Tu 31,425 48,301 45,373 29,963 21,925

Tujia 31,206 39,927 46,607 32,977 23,741

Uygur 35,536 53,186 48,076 40,271 28,118

Uzbek 35,498 53,101 48,282 40,236 28,068

Va 25,419 44,096 42,431 31,441 19,679

Xibe 31,218 45,331 57,249 33,542 26,266

Yao 28,999 40,292 45,084 32,011 21,847

Yi 26,709 43,279 43,992 32,355 21,919

Yugur 25,818 37,939 26,718 24,444 20,001

Zhuang 29,195 39,336 44,333 30,455 20,603


Table 4.24 Average wage of employed persons in urban units (yuan) (III)

Ethnicgroup


Realestate




Nationalaverage

81,109 42,837 46,976 64,252 28,868

Achang 76,895 29,089 27,560 42,434 23,696

Bai 75,401 29,419 27,676 41,923 23,855

Baonan 39,833 26,920 24,277 35,832 24,552

Blang 76,864 29,147 27,587 42,546 23,717

Buyi 75,465 28,527 27,276 36,018 25,768

Dai 76,861 29,111 27,619 42,537 23,693

Daur 54,819 31,324 35,782 47,119 27,659

Deang 76,859 29,035 27,529 42,366 23,664

Derung 74,437 30,184 28,539 44,202 24,412

Dong 69,168 30,495 27,652 38,955 24,498

Dongxiang 40,825 27,298 23,763 35,883 24,646

Ewenki 56,452 33,058 37,428 46,860 30,581

Gaoshan 66,753 35,891 32,019 49,559 27,637

Gelao 75,497 28,425 27,229 35,773 25,771

Han 68,138 36,601 33,873 54,466 27,871

Hani 76,923 29,088 27,563 42,447 23,692

Hezhe 53,322 28,098 33,687 49,074 21,471

Hui 61,479 33,815 31,999 48,706 28,756

Jing 65,885 29,748 25,807 39,563 22,055

Jingpo 76,880 29,079 27,573 42,420 23,698

Jino 76,921 29,094 27,578 42,481 23,679

Kazak 59,730 31,947 27,206 45,504 28,556

Kirgiz 59,693 31,922 27,274 45,556 28,493

Korean 56,576 29,413 32,073 48,896 21,980

Lahu 76,819 29,103 27,566 42,453 23,701

Lhoba 90,184 45,732 41,152 58,003 29,260

Li 67,927 33,614 24,838 37,820 24,490

Lisu 76,393 29,251 27,868 43,049 23,716

Manchu 60,299 32,094 30,304 54,768 25,802(continued)



Ethnicgroup


Realestate




Maonan 68,357 29,200 25,964 38,181 22,947

Miao 70,578 30,905 27,883 41,058 24,685

Monba 91,830 46,473 42,201 59,358 29,504

Mongol 57,445 32,909 35,807 47,993 29,953

Mulao 67,318 29,652 26,041 39,390 22,536

Naxi 76,632 29,362 27,966 43,133 23,765

Nu 77,102 29,438 27,838 42,817 23,833

Oroqen 54,415 30,410 35,389 47,851 25,937

Pumi 76,780 29,146 27,656 42,588 23,720

Qiang 61,493 35,288 38,858 63,008 24,718

Russian 60,678 33,209 32,036 47,395 29,738

Salar 53,519 26,857 42,720 52,873 30,633

She 86,770 42,750 34,652 52,055 31,342

Shui 75,092 28,471 27,090 35,977 25,581

Tajik 59,963 32,101 27,383 45,757 28,490

Tatar 59,943 32,212 27,620 45,784 28,523

Tibetan 72,257 37,799 40,165 56,768 28,143

Tu 54,717 27,387 42,030 52,743 30,414

Tujia 64,626 34,695 29,115 47,847 24,719

Uygur 59,817 31,988 27,242 45,566 28,561

Uzbek 60,184 32,117 27,401 45,729 28,584

Va 76,528 29,225 27,698 42,695 23,780

Xibe 61,001 32,241 29,465 52,848 26,953

Yao 66,362 31,626 27,816 42,904 23,028

Yi 72,415 30,718 30,640 47,368 24,191

Yugur 39,821 27,013 23,861 35,474 24,394

Zhuang 67,000 29,909 26,138 40,463 22,241


Table 4.25 Average wage of employed persons in urban units (yuan) (IV)

Ethnicgroup





Nationalaverage

33,169 43,194 46,206 47,878 42,062

Achang 22,806 36,417 35,751 32,191 34,530

Bai 23,866 36,257 36,154 32,561 34,499

Baonan 23,776 32,756 29,557 29,501 30,899

Blang 22,853 36,452 35,815 32,248 34,581

Buyi 26,951 35,194 34,516 30,661 34,622

Dai 22,805 36,412 35,785 32,197 34,536

Daur 39,816 45,865 41,979 40,458 42,543

Deang 22,740 36,359 35,674 32,124 34,450

Derung 24,669 37,676 37,101 33,677 35,831

Dong 28,172 35,262 37,511 33,559 34,607

Dongxiang 23,894 32,787 29,809 29,712 31,055

Ewenki 42,191 49,623 44,471 43,504 46,180

Gaoshan 30,584 41,432 42,335 38,388 39,690

Gelao 26,917 35,042 34,365 30,519 34,491

Han 32,356 42,588 44,154 40,427 42,229

Hani 22,792 36,409 35,744 32,185 34,523

Hezhe 34,956 38,491 37,609 34,702 35,393

Hui 29,639 41,114 38,884 38,691 38,517

Jing 25,372 33,665 37,786 32,196 35,422

Jingpo 22,808 36,392 35,733 32,179 34,504

Jino 22,758 36,400 35,748 32,174 34,507

Kazak 30,950 40,691 38,548 38,059 39,850

Kirgiz 31,022 40,694 38,564 38,044 39,834

Korean 29,856 38,603 36,126 33,779 34,511

Lahu 22,819 36,409 35,750 32,191 34,514

Lhoba 50,603 53,410 46,111 53,674 49,512

Li 23,525 45,689 42,888 34,656 42,974

Lisu 23,031 36,481 36,008 32,305 34,645

Manchu 32,248 42,516 39,390 38,129 37,621

Maonan 25,682 33,750 36,669 31,518 34,972

Miao 27,563 36,097 38,067 33,897 35,267(continued)



Ethnicgroup





Monba 51,674 54,380 46,853 54,846 50,417

Mongol 39,508 48,210 43,385 42,419 44,528

Mulao 25,597 33,789 37,588 32,164 35,472

Naxi 23,106 36,605 36,115 32,455 34,764

Nu 23,356 36,769 36,028 32,635 34,881

Oroqen 38,697 43,932 40,874 38,940 40,621

Pumi 22,885 36,460 35,817 32,255 34,584

Qiang 29,690 39,186 45,866 36,988 39,590

Russian 35,214 44,800 41,718 41,060 42,908

Salar 33,950 47,472 40,306 40,962 44,323

She 35,204 49,458 53,042 45,259 50,567

Shui 26,798 35,031 34,444 30,575 34,531

Tajik 30,942 40,719 38,725 38,111 39,892

Tatar 30,718 40,713 38,690 38,161 39,809

Tibetan 40,452 47,584 43,639 45,478 44,896

Tu 33,547 46,929 40,408 40,696 44,127

Tujia 29,448 37,458 41,878 37,579 36,849

Uygur 30,973 40,718 38,599 38,095 39,880

Uzbek 30,946 40,802 38,768 38,211 39,989

Va 23,094 36,508 35,923 32,372 34,618

Xibe 29,552 43,842 40,457 39,836 39,380

Yao 27,199 35,074 40,090 35,229 36,040

Yi 25,148 37,007 38,365 33,297 35,892

Yugur 23,426 32,366 29,371 29,293 30,529

Zhuang 25,221 33,869 38,062 32,531 35,722


Table 4.26 Average wage of employed persons in urban private units (yuan) (I)

Ethnicgroup



Nationalaverage

24,556 19,223 25,519 24,138 22,091

Achang 19,933 15,778 21,170 18,006 20,066

Bai 20,383 15,648 22,305 18,473 21,844

Baonan 17,177 15,806 21,651 15,279 19,556

Blang 19,951 15,795 21,188 18,034 20,078

Buyi 22,999 13,882 29,258 19,714 35,585

Dai 19,935 15,786 21,181 18,013 20,077

Daur 23,765 18,932 28,196 23,174 25,449

Deang 19,905 15,754 21,150 17,973 20,046

Derung 20,593 16,357 22,153 18,918 20,647

Dong 22,377 15,067 26,835 20,512 29,325

Dongxiang 17,666 16,159 22,552 15,751 19,622

Ewenki 25,361 20,435 29,619 24,515 28,498

Gaoshan 22,366 18,050 23,859 21,638 21,413

Gelao 23,042 13,780 29,408 19,707 35,919

Han 22,933 18,791 24,520 22,365 21,572

Hani 19,929 15,775 21,159 18,000 20,069

Hezhe 20,230 15,530 24,134 20,140 18,997

Hui 21,879 17,836 24,058 21,482 20,814

Jing 20,715 16,337 19,526 20,261 17,972

Jingpo 19,937 15,771 21,187 18,006 20,093

Jino 19,923 15,768 21,165 17,994 20,060

Kazak 24,750 19,677 32,899 23,979 21,488

Kirgiz 24,723 19,648 32,840 23,963 21,473

Korean 20,414 16,292 23,602 19,517 18,124

Lahu 19,930 15,782 21,168 18,008 20,057

Lhoba 2,197 1,664 2,515 2,075 2,379

Li 21,402 15,073 24,808 20,283 17,818

Lisu 19,992 15,890 21,319 18,114 20,161

Manchu 22,442 18,824 23,488 22,113 21,906

Maonan 21,314 15,565 22,100 20,081 22,840

Miao 22,382 15,329 26,673 20,497 28,535(continued)



Ethnicgroup



Monba 1,176 934 1,024 1,138 1,149

Mongol 24,828 20,127 28,455 24,037 27,292

Mulao 21,028 16,047 20,543 20,270 19,918

Naxi 19,923 15,816 21,241 18,045 20,098

Nu 19,694 15,611 20,914 17,809 19,822

Oroqen 22,773 18,011 26,826 22,333 23,747

Pumi 19,942 15,798 21,188 18,030 20,069

Qiang 22,196 19,293 26,586 21,878 23,335

Russian 25,023 19,971 31,145 24,190 24,277

Salar 20,387 14,872 21,330 21,300 22,345

She 25,381 22,812 27,397 24,288 25,008

Shui 22,879 13,923 28,851 19,683 34,949

Tajik 24,690 19,633 32,637 23,931 21,469

Tatar 24,465 19,516 32,182 23,644 21,470

Tibetan 11,450 9,315 12,937 11,443 12,340

Tu 20,431 15,012 21,320 21,174 22,354

Tujia 22,594 16,445 25,842 21,835 24,282

Uygur 24,758 19,680 32,886 23,992 21,489

Uzbek 24,742 19,659 32,740 23,971 21,469

Va 20,008 15,877 21,254 18,118 20,094

Xibe 23,156 19,098 24,507 22,745 22,016

Yao 21,240 16,585 21,267 20,897 18,973

Yi 20,893 16,524 23,579 19,255 22,728

Yugur 17,111 15,846 21,570 15,113 19,505

Zhuang 20,690 16,378 19,284 20,232 17,469


Table 4.27 Average wage of employed persons in urban private units (yuan) (II)

Ethnicgroup





Nationalaverage

26,108 25,949 35,562 22,791 20,882

Achang 23,457 20,068 19,541 17,869 18,238

Bai 23,172 20,113 21,140 17,754 17,965

Baonan 19,331 17,601 20,894 15,819 15,590

Blang 23,467 20,085 19,572 17,884 18,251

Buyi 21,304 19,460 29,617 16,887 16,145

Dai 23,446 20,071 19,555 17,867 18,239

Daur 27,537 22,865 23,376 20,481 19,742

Deang 23,444 20,032 19,481 17,833 18,219

Derung 23,811 20,745 20,755 18,401 18,537

Dong 21,908 20,669 27,778 17,538 16,754

Dongxiang 20,085 18,200 20,938 16,176 15,813

Ewenki 30,120 24,526 23,366 21,127 20,297

Gaoshan 24,042 23,340 25,009 20,310 19,112

Gelao 21,230 19,406 29,858 16,831 16,070

Han 24,341 24,067 27,396 21,107 20,005

Hani 23,457 20,061 19,535 17,858 18,239

Hezhe 21,432 19,141 24,642 19,206 18,623

Hui 23,696 21,942 21,940 19,691 19,189

Jing 22,288 23,486 18,192 19,527 17,301

Jingpo 23,446 20,072 19,577 17,863 18,230

Jino 23,448 20,052 19,538 17,854 18,231

Kazak 29,891 25,965 20,110 21,566 19,897

Kirgiz 29,834 25,917 20,150 21,556 19,895

Korean 21,987 20,618 26,047 20,066 19,482

Lahu 23,456 20,068 19,532 17,863 18,241

Lhoba 2,286 2,164 2,597 1,901 1,778

Li 24,242 19,160 20,977 21,589 16,753

Lisu 23,417 20,136 19,649 17,932 18,277

Manchu 23,865 23,264 25,603 20,438 20,559

Maonan 21,893 22,424 21,218 18,773 16,882

Miao 22,388 20,637 27,322 17,866 17,147(continued)



Ethnicgroup





Monba 1,218 1,227 1,552 1,068 1,021

Mongol 29,013 24,354 23,566 20,940 20,354

Mulao 22,125 23,256 19,660 19,342 17,166

Naxi 23,332 20,055 19,620 17,864 18,200

Nu 23,150 19,846 19,329 17,659 18,009

Oroqen 25,764 21,824 23,880 20,128 19,471

Pumi 23,447 20,080 19,574 17,878 18,246

Qiang 22,158 22,436 24,398 20,327 19,449

Russian 29,754 25,426 22,039 21,486 20,131

Salar 21,601 19,287 18,121 18,572 18,994

She 27,201 27,640 29,361 23,732 20,876

Shui 21,336 19,526 29,089 16,929 16,175

Tajik 29,711 25,888 20,309 21,542 19,884

Tatar 29,321 25,599 20,565 21,393 19,769

Tibetan 11,901 11,280 11,697 10,478 10,378

Tu 21,563 19,527 18,958 18,662 18,957

Tujia 23,285 21,057 33,751 18,957 18,122

Uygur 29,890 25,975 20,140 21,575 19,904

Uzbek 29,809 25,969 20,277 21,595 19,899

Va 23,482 20,168 19,676 17,952 18,301

Xibe 25,313 23,552 26,011 20,721 21,182

Yao 22,684 23,537 21,625 19,464 17,713

Yi 22,843 20,632 22,000 18,416 18,325

Yugur 19,237 17,572 21,152 15,778 15,514

Zhuang 22,376 23,712 18,341 19,701 17,444


Table 4.28 Average wage of employed persons in urban private units (yuan) (III)

Ethnicgroup


Realestate




Nationalaverage

28,664 27,017 27,115 31,320 22,958

Achang 26,207 17,249 14,909 25,107 22,307

Bai 27,890 18,425 15,428 24,795 21,234

Baonan 19,019 17,677 18,748 19,883 17,148

Blang 26,210 17,283 14,950 25,104 22,304

Buyi 45,345 23,949 15,168 24,427 12,648

Dai 26,192 17,261 14,916 25,104 22,306

Daur 27,567 24,023 19,838 25,766 20,843

Deang 26,170 17,188 14,849 25,066 22,288

Derung 26,341 18,772 16,363 25,112 22,058

Dong 35,530 24,310 17,846 23,818 15,899

Dongxiang 19,995 18,335 18,843 20,256 17,325

Ewenki 28,105 25,158 21,448 25,659 22,539

Gaoshan 25,246 25,025 22,369 26,200 20,103

Gelao 45,822 24,035 15,090 24,408 12,416

Han 26,156 25,346 23,056 27,269 21,545

Hani 26,201 17,228 14,891 25,094 22,302

Hezhe 26,146 21,525 16,834 26,440 17,574

Hui 24,167 23,074 21,060 24,826 19,724

Jing 21,976 26,843 20,428 24,426 16,666

Jingpo 26,245 17,264 14,906 25,105 22,272

Jino 26,202 17,229 14,885 25,089 22,297

Kazak 30,971 26,342 20,674 25,634 19,232

Kirgiz 30,951 26,314 20,637 25,658 19,223

Korean 25,758 22,634 20,763 25,741 18,370

Lahu 26,173 17,245 14,916 25,095 22,299

Lhoba 3,022 2,400 1,981 2,442 1,763

Li 28,041 25,363 21,378 27,961 27,569

Lisu 26,131 17,428 15,091 25,119 22,351

Manchu 24,123 24,275 23,247 24,261 20,078(continued)



Ethnicgroup


Realestate




Maonan 28,430 26,263 18,944 24,361 15,208

Miao 35,366 23,605 17,800 24,177 16,984

Monba 1,358 1,246 1,208 1,425 1,116

Mongol 27,243 24,997 22,036 25,173 22,055

Mulao 24,683 26,798 19,971 24,613 16,035

Naxi 26,079 17,377 15,035 25,040 22,254

Nu 25,854 17,097 14,791 24,776 21,983

Oroqen 27,008 23,285 19,108 25,968 20,011

Pumi 26,156 17,289 14,956 25,095 22,295

Qiang 24,590 24,202 21,584 26,362 24,065

Russian 29,681 26,044 21,369 25,771 20,726

Salar 18,768 18,658 20,567 22,444 16,943

She 33,742 29,295 26,500 30,175 21,134

Shui 44,441 23,936 15,238 24,355 12,797

Tajik 30,804 26,320 20,740 25,645 19,307

Tatar 30,378 26,083 20,771 25,525 19,338

Tibetan 11,815 11,479 11,372 13,230 11,186

Tu 19,398 18,927 20,618 22,879 17,183

Tujia 31,963 25,902 20,865 24,715 19,084

Uygur 30,970 26,358 20,689 25,650 19,247

Uzbek 30,905 26,386 20,755 25,721 19,310

Va 26,186 17,425 15,127 25,135 22,322

Xibe 25,063 25,356 24,154 24,274 20,367

Yao 22,514 25,545 20,938 24,897 18,969

Yi 27,906 19,908 16,755 25,348 21,682

Yugur 19,028 17,714 18,781 19,887 17,229

Zhuang 21,710 26,574 20,415 24,885 17,119


Table 4.29 Average wage of employed persons in urban private units (yuan) (IV)

Ethnicgroup





Nationalaverage

20,543 23,636 25,590 22,666 11,738

Achang 15,042 16,612 18,906 17,362 15,272

Bai 15,366 17,530 19,757 17,253 14,839

Baonan 15,127 16,373 19,180 16,268 10,231

Blang 15,068 16,645 18,938 17,380 15,259

Buyi 14,951 19,933 22,614 14,617 14,796

Dai 15,051 16,623 18,918 17,378 15,209

Daur 18,776 21,446 22,484 20,242 14,415

Deang 15,003 16,571 18,849 17,330 15,271

Derung 15,915 17,650 19,919 17,980 14,911

Dong 16,853 21,230 23,462 16,465 13,777

Dongxiang 15,248 16,591 19,540 16,675 9,821

Ewenki 20,796 22,484 23,849 22,052 21,000

Gaoshan 18,981 21,995 24,058 19,666 12,656

Gelao 14,905 19,938 22,644 14,507 14,932

Han 19,851 22,718 25,035 20,753 11,492

Hani 15,032 16,607 18,893 17,356 15,272

Hezhe 14,777 19,578 20,093 16,489 1,751

Hui 18,338 20,542 21,946 19,734 11,718

Jing 18,340 19,046 22,245 16,445 16,534

Jingpo 15,042 16,617 18,911 17,350 15,293

Jino 15,025 16,602 18,894 17,354 15,253

Kazak 17,756 20,264 23,292 20,375 48

Kirgiz 17,733 20,267 23,268 20,348 54

Korean 17,708 21,056 24,399 18,417 3,624

Lahu 15,047 16,620 18,904 17,363 15,276

Lhoba 1,716 2,068 2,301 1,790 955

Li 16,106 17,345 24,787 19,813 7,087

Lisu 15,192 16,760 19,065 17,525 14,844

Manchu 19,300 22,379 22,366 21,419 15,025

Maonan 17,433 19,202 22,334 15,758 16,372

Miao 16,741 20,821 23,257 16,914 13,988(continued)



Ethnicgroup





Monba 981 1,211 1,340 1,102 299

Mongol 20,638 22,460 23,667 22,018 19,807

Mulao 18,110 19,158 22,471 16,205 16,689

Naxi 15,115 16,707 19,008 17,455 14,775

Nu 14,886 16,457 18,712 17,161 14,976

Oroqen 17,792 21,010 21,857 19,269 11,443

Pumi 15,071 16,648 18,935 17,387 15,173

Qiang 20,200 21,864 25,217 23,098 221

Russian 19,080 21,466 23,755 21,202 8,716

Salar 17,764 18,976 18,404 14,691 1,469

She 21,243 25,819 29,021 22,271 2,906

Shui 15,016 19,823 22,492 14,630 14,876

Tajik 17,811 20,324 23,341 20,368 483

Tatar 17,737 20,297 23,268 20,292 973

Tibetan 10,185 10,952 11,816 10,237 1,410

Tu 17,851 19,065 18,848 14,975 2,581

Tujia 18,525 22,948 24,554 19,272 14,027

Uygur 17,770 20,285 23,310 20,386 78

Uzbek 17,805 20,325 23,373 20,400 309

Va 15,189 16,764 19,048 17,461 15,280

Xibe 19,099 22,482 22,290 22,721 13,769

Yao 18,979 20,497 23,628 17,832 15,455

Yi 16,440 18,424 21,045 18,621 11,047

Yugur 15,094 16,386 19,284 16,386 10,763

Zhuang 18,438 18,853 22,302 16,603 16,968


Table 4.30 Registered unemployed persons and unemployment rate in urban area

Ethnic group Unemployed persons (10,000persons)

Unemployment rate (%)

1990 2005 2010 2011 1990 2005 2010 2011

National total 383.2 839.0 908.0 922.0 2.5 4.2 4.1 4.1

Achang 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 4.2 4.2 4.0

Bai 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 2.7 4.2 4.1 4.0

Baonan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.8 3.3 3.2 3.1

Blang 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 4.2 4.2 4.0

Buyi 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 4.0 4.2 3.6 3.6

Dai 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.5 4.2 4.2 4.0

Daur 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 3.2 4.3 4.0 3.9

Deang 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 4.2 4.2 4.0

Derung 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 4.1 4.1 3.9

Dong 0.8 1.4 1.4 1.4 3.6 4.2 3.8 3.8

Dongxiang 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 4.7 3.3 3.2 3.1

Ewenki 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.6 4.2 3.9 3.8

Gaoshan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.8 3.9 3.6 3.5

Gelao 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 4.0 4.2 3.6 3.6

Han 345.5 660.9 694.6 691.0 2.6 3.8 3.6 3.5

Hani 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 2.5 4.2 4.2 4.0

Hezhe 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.2 4.3 4.1 4.0

Hui 4.6 5.9 6.4 6.6 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.6

Jing 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.8 4.1 3.6 3.5

Jingpo 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.5 4.2 4.2 4.0

Jino 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 4.2 4.2 4.0

Kazak 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.8 3.0 3.9 3.2 3.2

Kirgiz 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 3.0 3.9 3.2 3.2

Korean 0.9 2.0 1.7 1.7 2.0 4.4 3.8 3.7

Lahu 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 2.5 4.2 4.2 4.0

Lhoba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.4 4.0 3.2

Li 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.5 3.0 3.6 3.0 1.8

Lisu 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 2.5 4.2 4.2 4.0

Manchu 4.8 11.4 8.9 9.0 2.0 4.8 3.7 3.7

Maonan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.9 4.1 3.6 3.5

Miao 2.3 4.0 4.1 4.1 3.2 4.2 3.8 3.8

Monba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 4.0 3.2(continued)


Notes

Data on basic conditions of employment, total wage bills of staff, and workers arecollected and compiled through The Reporting Form System on Labor Statistics,The Sample Survey System on Labor Force, and The System of Rural Social andEconomic Surveys by the Department of Population and Employment Statistics,NBS. The Reporting Form System on Labor Statistics covers corporate units (doesnot include township enterprises, private units, or self-employed individuals). Thescope of survey and estimate of The Sample Survey System on Labor Force are the


Ethnic group Unemployed persons (10,000persons)

Unemployment rate (%)

1990 2005 2010 2011 1990 2005 2010 2011

Mongol 3.4 4.7 5.0 5.1 3.4 4.3 3.8 3.7

Mulao 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 3.9 4.1 3.6 3.5

Naxi 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 2.5 4.2 4.2 4.0

Nu 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 4.1 4.2 4.0

Oroqen 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.9 4.3 4.0 3.9

Pumi 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.5 4.2 4.2 4.0

Qiang 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 3.7 4.6 4.1 4.1

Russian 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.2 4.0 3.5 3.4

Salar 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 5.4 3.8 3.7 3.7

She 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 2.6 3.8 3.5 3.4

Shui 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 4.0 4.2 3.6 3.6

Tajik 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 3.9 3.2 3.2

Tatar 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 3.9 3.2 3.2

Tibetan 1.8 1.6 3.7 2.8 2.5 2.3 3.9 3.6

Tu 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 5.2 3.8 3.7 3.6

Tujia 1.7 5.1 5.1 5.1 2.2 4.2 4.0 3.9

Uygur 4.4 5.1 5.0 5.1 3.0 3.9 3.2 3.2

Uzbek 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.0 3.9 3.2 3.2

Va 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 2.5 4.2 4.2 4.0

Xibe 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 2.4 5.1 3.6 3.6

Yao 0.7 1.3 1.3 1.3 3.3 4.1 3.7 3.6

Yi 2.1 2.7 3.0 3.1 3.0 4.3 4.1 4.0

Yugur 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.8 3.3 3.2 3.1

Zhuang 4.9 6.7 7.0 6.9 3.7 4.1 3.7 3.5


whole country. The scope of statistics in the chapter is the population aged 16 andover of the whole country. The System of Rural Social and Economic Surveyscovers all rural areas below township level in China.

Data on the number of registered unemployed persons in urban areas are col-lected through The Reporting Form System on Training and Employment Statis-tics, which is provided by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.The Reporting Form System covers all agencies and units providing employmentservices. Data on the number of employed persons in private enterprises and self-employed individuals are provided by the State Administration for Industry andCommerce. The scope of statistics on private enterprises and self-employedindividuals covers the whole country.

A complete reporting form system from lower-level statistical bureaus tohigher-level statistical bureaus is used in the labor statistics. The Sample Survey onLabor Force is conducted by using sampling methods. Statistics on training,employment, private enterprises, and self-employed individuals are collected andcompiled on the basis of administrative registering records.


Chapter 5People’s Livelihood

Table 5.1 Savings deposit of urban and rural households at year-end (100 million yuan)

Ethnic group 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

National total 161,587.3 172,534.2 217,885.4 260,771.7 303,302.5 343,635.9

Achang 2.3 2.5 3.1 3.8 4.6 5.4

Bai 125.6 135.0 167.8 205.7 250.1 291.7

Baonan 1.2 1.3 1.7 2.0 2.4 2.9

Blang 6.3 6.7 8.3 10.3 12.6 14.6

Buyi 149.6 166.3 208.0 248.9 300.4 361.1

Dai 79.1 84.4 104.9 129.3 158.2 184.0

Daur 14.8 15.9 19.9 23.8 27.7 32.0

Deang 1.2 1.3 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8

Derung 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.3

Dong 188.6 208.1 258.0 308.3 365.7 432.2

Dongxiang 39.6 41.3 52.9 64.8 77.3 91.0

Ewenki 3.2 3.6 4.5 5.4 6.4 7.4

Gaoshan 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2

Gelao 28.6 31.8 39.8 47.6 57.4 69.2

Han 151,245.5 161,224.8 203,873.8 243,098.2 282,215.2 320,675.9

Hani 98.1 104.7 130.1 160.4 196.3 228.3

Hezhe 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.2

Hui 1,143.9 1,215.9 1,550.4 1,872.9 2,206.3 2,536.3

Jing 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.6 3.1 3.6

Jingpo 9.0 9.6 12.0 14.7 18.0 21.0

Jino 1.4 1.5 1.9 2.3 2.9 3.3(continued)


177


Ethnic group 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Kazak 138.0 139.3 173.2 206.9 251.8 299.8

Kirgiz 17.8 18.0 22.3 26.7 32.4 38.6

Korean 256.6 265.4 330.2 389.3 439.0 495.5

Lahu 30.9 33.0 41.0 50.5 61.8 71.9

Lhoba 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4

Li 128.5 140.2 172.1 208.4 269.7 303.8

Lisu 43.5 46.5 57.9 71.3 87.1 101.4

Manchu 1,751.4 1,851.9 2,339.9 2,780.2 3,177.5 3,582.6

Maonan 6.8 7.4 9.1 11.0 13.3 15.6

Miao 588.1 646.3 802.9 965.5 1,151.4 1,360.1

Monba 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2

Mongol 659.7 720.2 909.5 1,097.9 1,283.0 1,487.1

Mulao 14.6 15.7 19.2 23.2 28.0 32.7

Naxi 21.3 22.8 28.3 34.9 42.6 49.6

Nu 2.0 2.1 2.6 3.2 3.9 4.6

Oroqen 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.0

Pumi 2.3 2.5 3.1 3.8 4.6 5.4

Qiang 25.4 27.9 36.1 43.3 51.1 60.4

Russian 1.8 1.9 2.4 2.9 3.5 4.1

Salar 9.0 9.8 12.7 15.6 18.9 22.6

She 105.4 111.5 140.9 170.9 197.3 223.3

Shui 20.3 22.6 28.2 33.8 40.9 49.1

Tajik 4.5 4.6 5.7 6.8 8.3 9.9

Tatar 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2

Tibetan 376.9 416.2 519.5 632.4 753.5 896.0

Tu 21.3 23.0 29.9 36.4 44.1 52.5

Tujia 660.5 720.0 893.0 1,075.6 1,270.5 1,488.6

Uygur 928.8 938.0 1,165.6 1,393.0 1,694.7 2,017.2

Uzbek 1.4 1.4 1.7 2.1 2.5 3.0

Va 27.4 29.2 36.3 44.8 54.7 63.6

Xibe 31.6 33.0 41.5 49.3 56.6 64.0

Yao 221.9 239.0 292.5 349.5 415.3 480.4

Yi 543.7 587.5 740.5 902.5 1,089.9 1,278.1

Yugur 1.1 1.1 1.4 1.7 2.1 2.4

Zhuang 1,208.3 1,297.8 1,578.3 1,907.8 2,308.1 2,677.8

178 5 People’s Livelihood

Table 5.2 Per capita annual income of urban households by sources (yuan)

Ethnicgroup

Disposableincome

Totalincome

Income fromwages andsalaries

Netbusinessincome

Incomefromproperties

Incomefromtransfers

Nationalaverage

21,810 23,979 15,412 2,210 649 5,709

Achang 18,617 20,301 12,456 1,793 1,267 4,786

Bai 18,458 20,063 12,264 1,838 1,135 4,826

Baonan 15,066 16,415 11,281 943 161 4,030

Blang 18,628 20,314 12,466 1,794 1,264 4,791

Buyi 16,815 17,984 11,022 1,659 397 4,907

Dai 18,608 20,293 12,451 1,790 1,265 4,787

Daur 18,752 20,282 13,247 2,002 375 4,658

Deang 18,584 20,266 12,429 1,787 1,268 4,781

Derung 18,898 20,623 12,779 1,828 1,118 4,898

Dong 17,821 19,143 11,637 1,984 554 4,968

Dongxiang 15,077 16,457 11,370 978 162 3,947

Ewenki 20,123 21,652 14,469 2,237 486 4,461

Gaoshan 20,374 22,258 14,032 2,168 635 5,424

Gelao 16,732 17,885 10,965 1,645 380 4,894

Han 20,928 22,934 14,686 2,150 618 5,481

Hani 18,615 20,300 12,452 1,792 1,268 4,788

Hezhe 16,572 18,105 10,996 1,591 191 5,327

Hui 18,435 20,328 13,133 1,801 376 5,018

Jing 18,949 20,918 13,557 1,737 838 4,787

Jingpo 18,609 20,293 12,453 1,791 1,265 4,784

Jino 18,604 20,287 12,445 1,788 1,267 4,787

Kazak 15,524 17,640 12,655 1,412 150 3,423

Kirgiz 15,539 17,650 12,642 1,416 151 3,441

Korean 18,167 19,785 12,328 1,858 258 5,340

Lahu 18,616 20,300 12,454 1,793 1,265 4,787

Lhoba 16,524 18,440 15,665 623 378 1,774

Li 18,363 20,073 12,845 2,140 703 4,384

Lisu 18,591 20,277 12,456 1,788 1,245 4,788

Manchu 19,624 21,612 12,881 2,043 326 6,363

Maonan 18,295 20,046 12,841 1,697 707 4,800

Miao 17,963 19,325 11,792 1,931 611 4,990(continued)

5 People’s Livelihood 179


Ethnicgroup

Disposableincome

Totalincome


Netbusinessincome


Incomefromtransfers

Monba 16,553 18,501 15,925 558 371 1,647

Mongol 19,998 21,645 14,202 2,198 459 4,787

Mulao 18,793 20,698 13,379 1,735 787 4,797

Naxi 18,598 20,288 12,479 1,784 1,243 4,783

Nu 18,623 20,317 12,537 1,781 1,250 4,749

Oroqen 18,312 19,836 12,684 1,918 337 4,898

Pumi 18,618 20,306 12,464 1,791 1,260 4,790

Qiang 17,934 19,724 12,708 1,675 525 4,816

Russian 17,759 19,692 13,646 1,743 300 4,003

Salar 15,658 17,748 11,520 1,066 101 5,062

She 25,033 27,498 17,173 3,086 1,440 5,799

Shui 16,843 18,033 11,068 1,652 416 4,898

Tajik 15,684 17,794 12,709 1,431 164 3,489

Tatar 15,784 17,880 12,736 1,415 168 3,560

Tibetan 16,492 18,381 13,752 962 349 3,319

Tu 16,050 18,124 11,742 1,145 158 5,080

Tujia 18,821 20,317 12,403 2,123 537 5,254

Uygur 15,550 17,667 12,668 1,416 152 3,431

Uzbek 15,660 17,781 12,728 1,427 163 3,463

Va 18,664 20,352 12,514 1,800 1,251 4,788

Xibe 19,395 21,679 13,031 2,063 299 6,286

Yao 19,433 21,290 13,480 2,072 877 4,861

Yi 18,204 19,857 12,346 1,741 962 4,807

Yugur 15,160 16,489 11,334 947 169 4,039

Zhuang 19,140 21,155 13,740 1,760 886 4,768


Table 5.3 Per capita annual cash consumption expenditure of urban households (yuan) (I)

Ethnicgroup

Cashconsumptionexpenditure

Food Grain Starchesand tubers

Beans andbean products

Oilandfats

Nationalaverage

15,160.89 5,506.33 437.58 49.65 69.31 151.07

Achang 12,281.52 4,810.92 387.55 45.39 38.99 151.66

Bai 12,306.72 4,810.13 387.18 42.32 43.42 156.50

Baonan 11,222.29 4,205.99 386.57 43.49 46.12 148.03

Blang 12,293.29 4,814.33 387.67 45.44 39.15 151.89

Buyi 11,569.70 4,628.94 376.92 27.04 53.24 156.53

Dai 12,285.14 4,814.00 387.69 45.52 39.11 151.85

Daur 14,433.15 4,761.82 456.93 52.30 51.60 122.63

Deang 12,259.29 4,803.98 387.54 45.43 38.84 151.74

Derung 12,667.05 4,873.19 395.78 46.08 43.77 151.24

Dong 12,411.46 4,829.94 385.01 28.28 62.73 171.11

Dongxiang 11,274.64 4,226.26 387.84 43.83 45.65 149.25

Ewenki 15,545.68 4,947.73 459.55 44.66 46.14 114.06

Gaoshan 14,064.24 5,135.60 422.18 47.97 65.37 145.26

Gelao 11,528.49 4,620.21 376.57 26.51 53.19 156.88

Han 14,532.91 5,312.32 428.74 48.68 68.58 151.91

Hani 12,279.68 4,810.08 387.66 45.42 39.00 151.73

Hezhe 12,509.57 4,471.98 451.60 68.36 66.23 138.88

Hui 12,988.77 4,680.46 413.52 50.49 53.75 139.55

Jing 12,932.66 5,096.22 380.68 34.72 66.48 138.80

Jingpo 12,280.31 4,809.44 387.74 45.36 39.02 151.70

Jino 12,278.07 4,810.59 387.69 45.48 38.99 151.85

Kazak 11,843.63 4,538.15 441.52 50.14 37.48 155.93

Kirgiz 11,854.77 4,538.84 441.78 50.35 37.76 155.74

Korean 13,299.24 4,503.05 441.94 60.08 66.83 130.89

Lahu 12,281.45 4,808.79 387.62 45.46 39.07 151.71

Lhoba 10,715.19 5,187.37 509.06 27.75 14.98 138.13

Li 12,646.67 5,630.94 318.03 25.10 33.81 130.17

Lisu 12,314.01 4,827.55 387.65 46.07 39.83 152.37

Manchu 13,932.57 4,835.31 438.34 58.63 65.63 136.82

Maonan 12,522.40 4,959.17 378.46 32.07 63.04 142.86

Miao 12,494.25 4,883.10 384.43 31.60 59.53 171.99(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Cashconsumptionexpenditure

Food Grain Starchesand tubers

Beans andbean products

Oilandfats

Monba 10,707.48 5,231.02 515.35 27.66 13.32 137.01

Mongol 15,165.85 4,930.46 453.56 46.29 49.22 119.45

Mulao 12,866.03 5,070.82 380.91 33.55 65.34 140.38

Naxi 12,320.48 4,834.52 388.39 45.97 39.77 152.39

Nu 12,285.52 4,823.51 389.88 45.18 38.94 151.44

Oroqen 14,000.48 4,699.30 455.96 56.75 56.36 126.27

Pumi 12,293.11 4,813.87 388.01 45.55 39.25 151.71

Qiang 13,698.57 5,565.42 391.28 66.62 68.48 178.24

Russian 13,500.20 4,765.70 448.04 47.99 42.30 139.76

Salar 11,097.17 4,287.25 457.67 48.38 41.12 129.94

She 16,802.37 6,352.38 478.09 47.00 77.11 149.99

Shui 11,568.85 4,630.36 376.39 27.33 53.36 155.70

Tajik 11,923.95 4,563.46 440.72 50.02 38.49 156.10

Tatar 11,970.68 4,567.71 438.78 49.86 38.89 155.52

Tibetan 11,444.43 5,001.41 463.05 42.42 34.19 145.54

Tu 11,362.45 4,378.35 455.25 47.85 42.66 131.52

Tujia 13,447.90 5,222.28 424.95 31.76 72.58 196.01

Uygur 11,858.13 4,542.63 441.60 50.14 37.60 155.97

Uzbek 11,920.15 4,563.98 441.22 49.99 37.98 155.85

Va 12,325.14 4,815.72 387.90 45.51 39.55 151.82

Xibe 14,152.28 5,071.18 453.05 60.86 64.09 141.89

Yao 13,513.53 5,200.82 390.88 34.08 67.36 160.66

Yi 12,580.97 4,995.25 387.37 49.22 48.76 159.59

Yugur 11,292.02 4,216.99 383.85 43.38 46.75 148.37

Zhuang 13,083.17 5,143.50 383.26 35.47 65.05 138.85


Table 5.4 Per capita annual cash consumption expenditure of urban households (yuan) (II)

Ethnicgroup

Meat, poultry andprocessed products

Eggs Aquaticproducts

Vegetables Condiments Sugar

Nationalaverage

1,105.93 116.65 353.99 527.32 68.84 50.59

Achang 1,033.86 67.96 100.39 612.93 59.14 46.14

Bai 1,048.10 70.89 110.77 599.33 59.49 46.91

Baonan 650.91 85.62 81.90 462.10 66.26 32.89

Blang 1,034.42 68.25 100.52 612.85 59.31 46.19

Buyi 1,092.17 76.47 103.23 516.40 63.92 53.30

Dai 1,035.68 68.10 99.63 613.22 59.39 46.22

Daur 893.07 93.58 151.24 421.49 64.26 39.22

Deang 1,031.97 67.73 97.70 613.19 59.13 46.12

Derung 1,032.35 76.76 133.47 589.67 60.95 45.98

Dong 1,159.78 82.90 178.42 526.13 58.81 50.94

Dongxiang 671.43 85.63 82.44 458.77 65.01 34.38

Ewenki 926.98 86.78 134.61 413.21 62.57 36.85

Gaoshan 1,067.34 113.51 323.87 486.01 64.25 45.70

Gelao 1,095.11 76.19 100.17 515.28 64.02 53.52

Han 1,077.27 115.97 318.09 519.92 67.33 47.99

Hani 1,032.87 67.95 99.36 613.22 59.17 46.17

Hezhe 827.87 109.88 213.37 448.87 70.38 43.21

Hui 869.57 100.16 160.84 459.41 62.81 43.32

Jing 1,517.58 81.97 321.33 461.08 44.00 52.83

Jingpo 1,033.57 68.01 99.86 612.52 59.14 46.17

Jino 1,033.78 67.90 98.84 613.42 59.30 46.19

Kazak 1,047.16 85.88 100.38 427.78 49.31 56.42

Kirgiz 1,045.91 86.12 101.78 427.90 49.48 56.33

Korean 791.76 104.07 223.13 461.41 70.93 36.76

Lahu 1,032.27 68.19 99.45 612.55 59.19 46.13

Lhoba 1,123.48 53.78 64.60 593.18 60.74 62.96

Li 1,650.04 59.87 735.55 577.48 47.57 32.63

Lisu 1,043.81 69.37 100.90 612.46 60.50 46.37

Manchu 834.39 122.14 291.95 472.35 74.76 39.89

Maonan 1,415.97 79.97 260.76 470.47 48.82 53.31

Miao 1,151.25 83.25 166.18 545.19 63.29 50.74

Monba 1,130.00 52.03 59.23 599.15 61.12 64.26(continued)



Ethnicgroup



Vegetables Condiments Sugar

Mongol 918.45 92.79 159.69 428.09 64.53 37.67

Mulao 1,489.20 81.35 302.51 463.64 45.83 53.51

Naxi 1,044.84 69.18 101.34 612.82 60.52 46.52

Nu 1,035.58 68.17 102.27 611.91 59.23 46.45

Oroqen 872.93 98.87 175.06 429.77 66.42 39.87

Pumi 1,034.19 68.41 100.51 612.37 59.37 46.18

Qiang 1,467.62 113.14 163.36 607.63 105.02 55.45

Russian 1,001.22 88.31 124.68 428.19 56.06 49.27

Salar 886.72 83.60 97.19 467.21 62.96 40.69

She 1,251.37 114.31 807.28 554.37 64.39 49.90

Shui 1,103.76 76.22 106.09 515.10 63.08 53.18

Tajik 1,051.03 86.83 107.19 430.91 49.92 56.16

Tatar 1,034.16 87.17 108.21 433.10 50.97 55.38

Tibetan 1,119.96 74.88 88.13 563.97 71.88 54.21

Tu 906.27 84.38 116.93 475.02 63.29 41.11

Tujia 1,174.76 99.54 232.93 589.21 72.03 47.92

Uygur 1,048.33 86.01 101.42 428.11 49.35 56.45

Uzbek 1,053.71 86.19 107.12 429.79 49.53 56.41

Va 1,033.02 69.48 103.27 610.02 59.48 46.12

Xibe 905.14 119.85 325.75 493.03 74.92 43.77

Yao 1,419.94 84.91 310.36 506.76 48.06 51.93

Yi 1,159.42 81.41 116.66 600.53 72.41 49.51

Yugur 643.25 86.06 83.86 462.22 66.66 32.64

Zhuang 1,524.21 81.19 323.02 468.26 44.12 53.19


Table 5.5 Per capita annual cash consumption expenditure of urban households (yuan) (III)

Ethnicgroup

Tobacco Liquorandbeverages

Dried and freshmelons andfruits

Cake Milk andprocessedproducts

Otherfood

Nationalaverage

249.11 259.63 449.14 110.09 234.01 88.44

Achang 395.67 119.48 354.04 138.76 187.83 58.56

Bai 372.89 130.80 361.08 127.54 183.50 66.64

Baonan 244.48 231.59 387.84 65.90 200.17 180.75

Blang 395.37 120.11 354.24 138.55 188.30 58.70

Buyi 278.31 179.62 378.35 75.11 160.79 97.79

Dai 395.68 119.78 354.01 138.56 188.13 58.49

Daur 233.66 274.35 445.92 74.78 189.11 159.18

Deang 396.46 118.77 353.56 138.88 187.65 58.50

Derung 365.65 146.27 369.26 129.35 194.89 67.48

Dong 254.13 178.98 388.55 78.90 163.99 97.14

Dongxiang 236.80 227.33 393.76 67.83 199.92 174.44

Ewenki 268.50 318.29 437.92 70.87 202.45 205.58

Gaoshan 215.01 242.62 422.58 100.17 214.53 89.19

Gelao 276.16 179.54 377.81 73.97 159.63 98.34

Han 246.16 252.67 430.33 104.30 227.35 89.76

Hani 396.40 119.42 353.99 138.86 187.96 58.58

Hezhe 171.15 190.93 463.02 84.09 162.15 65.51

Hui 234.33 234.90 427.53 92.22 215.91 108.99

Jing 141.64 156.25 366.94 98.18 181.04 54.21

Jingpo 395.14 119.67 354.19 138.65 187.74 58.67

Jino 396.27 119.18 353.88 138.78 187.91 58.49

Kazak 122.88 169.93 462.51 92.50 197.78 65.81

Kirgiz 123.21 170.06 462.67 92.45 197.39 65.62

Korean 178.74 198.73 475.55 78.79 161.59 97.00

Lahu 395.61 119.91 354.05 138.71 188.08 58.68

Lhoba 425.02 286.72 305.30 39.95 392.04 145.73

Li 148.99 110.21 330.54 74.93 139.46 41.41

Lisu 392.34 122.79 354.71 136.89 189.37 58.66

Manchu 201.40 246.42 497.13 93.24 198.31 95.38

Maonan 171.86 162.14 369.02 90.70 173.90 65.66

Miao 277.05 175.00 382.47 84.64 173.34 91.33(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Tobacco Liquorandbeverages

Dried and freshmelons andfruits

Cake Milk andprocessedproducts

Otherfood

Monba 436.18 291.76 301.57 38.65 403.82 148.79

Mongol 258.06 302.98 446.87 74.99 204.30 184.18

Mulao 150.04 160.07 369.48 95.23 178.27 58.55

Naxi 393.08 123.40 354.84 136.62 190.36 58.96

Nu 395.28 123.36 354.26 137.01 191.57 60.20

Oroqen 219.23 254.91 450.72 77.15 182.20 135.39

Pumi 394.90 120.79 354.50 138.33 188.46 58.82

Qiang 272.44 227.84 379.42 72.33 238.37 58.51

Russian 186.23 234.48 456.15 87.32 204.91 120.39

Salar 198.33 212.15 390.14 69.10 195.91 114.17

She 271.81 268.12 488.29 108.78 246.64 68.99

Shui 275.60 177.44 376.52 76.33 161.13 96.18

Tajik 126.47 172.10 460.82 92.67 198.67 66.38

Tatar 132.48 176.80 460.25 92.75 199.66 71.18

Tibetan 333.84 251.40 342.28 55.60 302.14 120.90

Tu 205.35 213.26 390.52 71.42 196.60 114.27

Tujia 287.49 203.75 382.30 84.50 193.74 90.37

Uygur 123.11 170.15 462.57 92.61 197.90 65.68

Uzbek 124.27 171.15 462.28 93.03 198.24 65.90

Va 391.29 123.14 355.71 137.90 189.10 59.27

Xibe 205.61 233.75 533.29 92.84 208.35 83.33

Yao 182.61 163.87 385.69 97.66 177.64 70.06

Yi 348.65 156.16 363.55 113.12 198.73 63.01

Yugur 247.07 233.78 388.61 66.55 200.89 183.15

Zhuang 147.31 154.47 367.43 101.82 181.82 52.28


Table 5.6 Per capita annual cash consumption expenditure of urban households (yuan) (IV)

Ethnicgroup

Diningout

Food processingservice Fees

Clothing Garments Clothingmaterials

Shoes

Nationalaverage

1,183.20 1.77 1,674.70 1,237.03 11.10 364.95

Achang 1,011.27 1.31 1,587.38 1,128.74 12.80 410.56

Bai 1,001.27 1.49 1,544.64 1,102.18 13.09 391.82

Baonan 890.07 1.29 1,477.08 1,055.37 13.96 333.97

Blang 1,012.05 1.32 1,589.53 1,130.48 12.80 410.78

Buyi 937.13 2.62 1,231.05 871.55 18.15 298.52

Dai 1,011.60 1.33 1,587.17 1,128.65 12.80 410.37

Daur 1,037.39 1.09 2,172.70 1,586.85 7.77 479.58

Deang 1,009.46 1.31 1,587.62 1,128.53 12.82 411.05

Derung 1,022.83 1.41 1,618.38 1,157.58 12.35 406.21

Dong 961.93 2.22 1,299.63 946.57 14.21 293.59

Dongxiang 900.71 1.25 1,497.93 1,068.12 14.66 340.23

Ewenki 1,117.55 1.16 2,396.11 1,767.15 7.33 510.50

Gaoshan 1,068.53 1.49 1,588.65 1,173.62 10.22 348.06

Gelao 934.65 2.65 1,221.02 863.62 18.25 296.42

Han 1,115.37 1.88 1,639.19 1,210.24 10.99 357.92

Hani 1,011.02 1.31 1,588.53 1,129.42 12.82 410.98

Hezhe 895.48 1.00 1,703.33 1,213.63 7.30 412.17

Hui 1,011.89 1.26 1,652.23 1,201.53 12.30 372.62

Jing 997.16 1.31 1,061.81 806.12 9.04 214.80

Jingpo 1,010.97 1.31 1,586.72 1,128.17 12.81 410.41

Jino 1,011.32 1.31 1,588.22 1,129.18 12.80 410.95

Kazak 974.02 0.73 1,715.26 1,208.66 20.35 404.01

Kirgiz 973.59 0.73 1,716.35 1,209.63 20.22 404.35

Korean 923.82 1.03 1,771.88 1,268.35 7.92 419.96

Lahu 1,010.81 1.31 1,589.39 1,130.22 12.81 410.98

Lhoba 942.12 1.82 1,289.33 898.42 7.39 361.14

Li 1,174.82 0.30 811.30 634.69 1.88 154.79

Lisu 1,012.06 1.41 1,585.95 1,128.85 12.74 408.38

Manchu 967.50 1.04 1,777.28 1,259.11 10.17 427.02

Maonan 978.49 1.67 1,086.10 808.33 11.51 231.84

Miao 989.52 2.31 1,380.74 1,001.67 14.07 319.03

Monba 949.29 1.83 1,283.46 893.43 7.08 362.08(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Diningout

Food processingservice Fees

Clothing Garments Clothingmaterials

Shoes

Mongol 1,088.16 1.19 2,261.32 1,658.23 8.43 490.22

Mulao 1,001.52 1.45 1,067.54 804.73 9.94 219.92

Naxi 1,014.11 1.41 1,584.88 1,128.09 12.73 408.19

Nu 1,011.47 1.32 1,584.22 1,126.76 12.73 409.40

Oroqen 1,000.35 1.08 2,051.20 1,491.01 7.28 462.03

Pumi 1,011.20 1.33 1,588.26 1,129.57 12.79 410.34

Qiang 1,094.94 4.74 1,484.64 1,100.27 9.92 318.06

Russian 1,049.47 0.94 1,975.06 1,423.65 15.18 443.86

Salar 790.76 1.22 1,419.70 1,039.12 9.03 309.34

She 1,304.76 1.19 1,606.50 1,241.45 9.52 308.01

Shui 934.35 2.58 1,225.18 868.50 17.88 296.51

Tajik 978.22 0.77 1,711.09 1,207.52 19.99 402.15

Tatar 981.79 0.78 1,706.42 1,204.64 19.74 400.74

Tibetan 934.69 2.33 1,369.55 981.79 8.50 338.05

Tu 821.40 1.26 1,419.80 1,040.64 8.97 309.16

Tujia 1,035.94 2.51 1,600.10 1,186.12 11.75 346.29

Uygur 974.92 0.74 1,715.55 1,209.09 20.32 403.98

Uzbek 980.60 0.74 1,710.57 1,206.57 20.12 402.26

Va 1,011.81 1.34 1,593.93 1,134.33 12.75 410.79

Xibe 1,030.82 0.83 1,826.42 1,282.44 12.37 445.43

Yao 1,046.96 1.38 1,225.20 921.91 8.64 256.27

Yi 1,024.73 2.41 1,518.47 1,091.45 12.62 372.42

Yugur 898.59 1.29 1,480.85 1,057.96 14.01 334.86

Zhuang 1,020.49 1.25 1,079.52 817.55 8.76 221.67


Table 5.7 Per capita annual cash consumption expenditure of urban households (yuan) (V)

Ethnicgroup

Tailoringandlaunderingservice fees

Residence Housing Water,electricity,fuels andothers

Householdfacilitiesand articles

Durableconsumergoods

Nationalaverage

9.56 1,405.01 451.25 841.70 1,023.17 423.81

Achang 2.82 834.88 300.31 466.96 575.95 232.94

Bai 3.28 899.45 310.16 519.09 634.54 257.17

Baonan 8.37 1,128.69 264.99 770.70 669.21 269.36

Blang 2.85 836.28 300.52 467.94 578.08 233.99

Buyi 4.32 1,112.96 368.52 676.88 860.86 366.23

Dai 2.85 835.50 300.67 467.01 577.38 233.54

Daur 13.23 1,323.14 399.44 842.29 997.07 440.98

Deang 2.80 831.12 299.12 464.70 573.32 231.83

Derung 4.23 937.74 324.46 538.88 654.60 269.36

Dong 5.15 1,195.39 366.80 750.51 896.89 369.48

Dongxiang 9.12 1,112.91 259.89 762.32 676.84 269.50

Ewenki 13.17 1,403.58 453.60 855.74 1,119.40 508.41

Gaoshan 8.68 1,321.28 433.34 796.93 984.52 419.98

Gelao 4.27 1,115.58 368.74 679.13 864.44 367.98

Han 9.13 1,360.62 433.08 822.34 984.32 412.65

Hani 2.82 833.71 300.15 466.03 575.38 232.73

Hezhe 12.45 1,226.76 314.44 850.06 767.42 314.53

Hui 10.61 1,217.92 367.76 765.02 862.98 369.05

Jing 5.33 1,236.48 436.68 743.15 886.21 385.53

Jingpo 2.83 836.15 300.44 467.99 576.89 233.38

Jino 2.82 833.83 300.08 466.10 575.49 232.74

Kazak 17.85 889.66 200.81 631.06 791.52 280.14

Kirgiz 17.82 892.66 201.92 633.00 791.73 280.63

Korean 12.59 1,406.64 334.00 987.03 850.16 326.96

Lahu 2.84 834.78 300.27 466.94 576.66 233.48

Lhoba 4.24 826.54 171.41 605.13 476.98 105.69

Li 2.40 1,334.46 496.94 745.99 741.25 268.55

Lisu 3.04 845.29 302.95 473.38 587.97 238.28

Manchu 12.27 1,383.66 348.16 949.89 905.07 354.63

Maonan 5.02 1,208.68 420.39 729.71 883.32 383.16

Miao 5.01 1,148.19 357.13 710.30 867.63 359.08(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Tailoringandlaunderingservice fees

Residence Housing Water,electricity,fuels andothers

Householdfacilitiesand articles

Durableconsumergoods

Monba 4.13 817.23 168.79 598.60 464.98 96.28

Mongol 12.96 1,382.69 428.51 861.24 1,077.83 476.12

Mulao 5.23 1,239.77 433.36 746.78 894.46 387.69

Naxi 3.04 845.31 302.83 473.53 587.93 237.65

Nu 2.90 839.07 299.49 472.00 578.22 232.60

Oroqen 12.84 1,313.79 382.87 853.36 941.95 411.11

Pumi 2.90 838.08 301.19 469.03 578.99 234.30

Qiang 10.20 1,226.47 405.17 699.46 1,018.72 420.43

Russian 15.74 1,115.75 314.54 726.35 934.85 377.83

Salar 8.13 1,064.80 273.27 710.11 724.35 294.13

She 6.64 1,540.10 542.24 872.76 1,117.09 447.02

Shui 4.31 1,107.93 368.71 673.08 856.10 364.84

Tajik 17.53 905.29 208.73 637.19 797.62 284.75

Tatar 17.19 920.46 214.90 644.35 796.85 286.45

Tibetan 6.48 977.87 249.70 652.49 655.25 224.15

Tu 7.77 1,091.98 285.49 720.62 739.82 300.01

Tujia 6.53 1,225.51 350.59 780.35 927.01 376.03

Uygur 17.83 891.32 201.73 631.67 792.82 280.81

Uzbek 17.66 901.01 206.56 635.41 796.88 283.10

Va 2.99 846.52 302.64 475.44 585.94 238.28

Xibe 14.65 1,291.01 300.18 905.46 902.81 321.34

Yao 5.44 1,280.85 406.19 790.84 914.51 375.56

Yi 5.03 973.41 336.84 554.14 729.86 299.67

Yugur 8.30 1,139.42 269.47 775.93 672.69 271.99

Zhuang 5.17 1,237.29 434.78 741.07 880.35 380.00


Table 5.8 Per capita annual cash consumption expenditure of urban households (yuan) (VI)

Ethnicgroup

Articles forinteriordecoration

Bedarticles

Householdarticles fordaily use

Furniturematerials

Householdservices

Transportandcommu-nications

Nationalaverage

26.70 88.91 402.07 8.87 72.81 2,149.69

Achang 15.66 49.57 233.35 3.74 40.69 1,909.70

Bai 15.96 54.06 259.54 4.33 43.49 1,865.93

Baonan 28.27 48.10 278.03 9.63 35.82 1,297.40

Blang 15.75 49.87 233.93 3.77 40.77 1,909.30

Buyi 16.34 64.92 361.31 5.45 46.61 1,452.34

Dai 15.69 49.77 233.89 3.75 40.73 1,908.45

Daur 38.32 82.52 366.55 21.18 47.52 1,775.27

Deang 15.65 49.37 232.29 3.71 40.46 1,905.71

Derung 18.66 57.01 260.15 5.29 44.13 1,901.85

Dong 18.46 73.97 373.95 6.36 54.67 1,688.25

Dongxiang 29.28 47.79 284.80 9.25 36.22 1,303.00

Ewenki 45.90 95.08 388.83 28.22 52.96 1,965.54

Gaoshan 26.88 90.36 378.83 8.07 60.40 1,943.09

Gelao 16.29 64.90 363.23 5.46 46.58 1,438.86

Han 25.80 86.43 384.81 8.94 65.68 2,013.75

Hani 15.66 49.57 233.02 3.73 40.68 1,908.97

Hezhe 20.18 59.91 324.72 6.93 41.16 1,469.56

Hui 32.30 72.23 339.23 7.69 42.47 1,681.83

Jing 29.75 83.38 338.90 2.69 45.95 1,995.22

Jingpo 15.69 49.62 233.69 3.75 40.77 1,908.89

Jino 15.67 49.60 233.10 3.73 40.66 1,907.93

Kazak 44.14 52.45 375.80 4.57 34.43 1,378.80

Kirgiz 43.93 52.56 375.51 4.60 34.51 1,380.46

Korean 20.53 71.60 370.89 6.43 53.74 1,615.61

Lahu 15.71 49.75 233.33 3.75 40.64 1,908.38

Lhoba 19.68 96.42 228.81 11.57 14.81 1,330.02

Li 8.44 49.93 375.47 6.80 32.06 1,824.31

Lisu 15.89 50.84 238.18 3.92 40.87 1,903.34

Manchu 28.50 81.31 374.16 9.24 57.23 1,785.77

Maonan 26.49 78.81 345.87 3.22 45.77 1,845.39

Miao 18.70 72.79 358.18 6.65 52.24 1,690.57(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Articles forinteriordecoration

Bedarticles

Householdarticles fordaily use

Furniturematerials

Householdservices

Transportandcommu-nications

Monba 19.60 98.32 225.23 11.82 13.73 1,331.16

Mongol 43.12 93.26 387.88 24.18 53.27 1,922.24

Mulao 28.69 82.24 345.48 2.86 47.50 1,961.86

Naxi 15.90 51.11 238.40 3.93 40.94 1,903.71

Nu 15.83 50.67 234.60 3.90 40.63 1,904.39

Oroqen 33.04 77.47 355.97 17.60 46.76 1,709.03

Pumi 15.77 49.94 234.42 3.78 40.78 1,907.54

Qiang 22.89 94.91 418.98 9.89 51.61 1,759.88

Russian 44.31 71.17 384.21 13.65 43.68 1,655.98

Salar 35.34 62.93 301.20 8.78 21.97 1,313.76

She 20.45 96.15 438.88 7.53 107.06 2,614.74

Shui 16.71 65.07 358.26 5.26 45.96 1,462.16

Tajik 43.60 53.67 375.61 4.73 35.28 1,397.51

Tatar 42.98 53.73 372.92 4.94 35.85 1,409.88

Tibetan 24.10 85.26 286.26 10.47 25.01 1,418.72

Tu 34.08 63.93 306.38 8.81 26.60 1,381.80

Tujia 21.03 81.58 382.60 10.82 54.95 1,707.23

Uygur 44.10 52.64 376.13 4.58 34.58 1,382.09

Uzbek 43.83 53.15 376.83 4.63 35.34 1,399.32

Va 16.01 50.57 236.32 3.93 40.83 1,910.65

Xibe 33.21 82.61 398.50 8.18 58.97 1,788.58

Yao 25.78 83.36 364.34 4.72 60.75 2,102.82

Yi 17.74 63.83 298.76 5.62 44.24 1,813.10

Yugur 27.93 48.14 278.07 9.72 36.83 1,311.35

Zhuang 29.59 82.49 337.28 2.59 48.40 2,050.44


Table 5.9 Per capita annual cash consumption expenditure of urban households (yuan) (VII)

Ethnicgroup

Transport Commu-nications

Education,culture andrecreation

Recreationarticles

Education Recreationservices

Nationalaverage

1,397.09 752.60 1,851.74 449.55 749.99 652.19

Achang 1,216.64 693.05 1,355.98 281.88 465.21 608.89

Bai 1,174.22 691.70 1,371.81 290.21 481.93 599.67

Baonan 625.11 672.30 1,152.27 337.66 445.90 368.69

Blang 1,216.10 693.19 1,357.43 282.53 465.67 609.23

Buyi 749.88 702.46 1,361.07 328.95 500.54 531.58

Dai 1,214.87 693.57 1,355.83 281.91 465.01 608.91

Daur 1,183.20 592.07 1,582.16 428.38 685.61 468.17

Deang 1,213.36 692.34 1,352.21 280.82 463.16 608.22

Derung 1,207.16 694.68 1,409.06 307.43 506.08 595.55

Dong 1,007.90 680.36 1,450.66 343.32 556.52 550.82

Dongxiang 632.90 670.11 1,156.23 338.79 454.90 362.52

Ewenki 1,337.39 628.15 1,764.94 489.98 729.77 545.19

Gaoshan 1,250.65 692.44 1,639.53 422.03 650.00 567.50

Gelao 735.82 703.04 1,356.25 328.62 497.30 530.34

Han 1,293.20 720.55 1,742.54 422.52 712.37 607.65

Hani 1,215.88 693.08 1,356.16 281.83 464.98 609.35

Hezhe 929.20 540.36 1,285.76 314.06 623.12 348.59

Hui 1,044.10 637.73 1,440.39 390.34 577.75 472.30

Jing 1,383.61 611.61 1,516.20 450.70 567.98 497.52

Jingpo 1,215.50 693.38 1,356.01 282.05 465.16 608.79

Jino 1,214.52 693.40 1,354.90 281.54 464.30 609.06

Kazak 813.72 565.08 1,123.63 327.10 514.77 281.75

Kirgiz 815.91 564.54 1,125.61 326.99 516.25 282.36

Korean 974.14 641.47 1,473.69 362.44 716.75 394.50

Lahu 1,215.67 692.70 1,355.96 282.07 465.18 608.71

Lhoba 597.31 732.71 614.73 139.33 264.42 210.97

Li 1,172.24 652.06 1,165.14 251.13 565.27 348.73

Lisu 1,208.85 694.48 1,355.14 282.74 466.76 605.64

Manchu 1,122.14 663.63 1,529.70 383.98 699.62 446.10

Maonan 1,211.30 634.09 1,469.50 421.34 546.38 501.77

Miao 1,000.53 690.04 1,429.96 332.51 537.29 560.16(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Transport Commu-nications

Education,culture andrecreation

Recreationarticles

Education Recreationservices

Monba 590.76 740.39 591.93 133.65 254.88 203.40

Mongol 1,283.27 638.97 1,711.05 468.58 715.56 526.91

Mulao 1,334.84 627.02 1,513.59 443.54 564.70 505.35

Naxi 1,208.14 695.56 1,354.97 282.55 467.02 605.39

Nu 1,210.13 694.25 1,349.80 281.32 465.06 603.42

Oroqen 1,127.76 581.27 1,519.22 401.07 674.80 443.35

Pumi 1,214.45 693.08 1,357.49 282.70 466.51 608.28

Qiang 995.78 764.10 1,374.38 319.34 536.00 519.03

Russian 1,051.80 604.18 1,422.98 401.97 612.56 408.45

Salar 810.37 503.39 1,011.87 297.69 355.69 358.49

She 1,712.17 902.57 2,049.97 491.23 801.48 757.25

Shui 765.89 696.28 1,361.22 332.05 499.17 530.01

Tajik 827.64 569.87 1,140.96 329.82 519.58 291.55

Tatar 832.73 577.15 1,156.53 333.87 521.58 301.07

Tibetan 735.53 683.20 893.22 222.20 348.99 322.02

Tu 853.23 528.57 1,069.99 306.21 377.53 386.25

Tujia 1,042.86 664.37 1,505.21 326.00 600.76 578.46

Uygur 816.52 565.57 1,126.40 327.53 515.82 283.04

Uzbek 829.74 569.58 1,139.32 330.06 519.43 289.82

Va 1,217.68 692.95 1,359.79 284.83 468.33 606.63

Xibe 1,108.51 680.07 1,520.98 384.30 706.54 430.13

Yao 1,436.89 665.93 1,584.90 414.82 600.42 569.65

Yi 1,099.78 713.31 1,359.82 297.18 487.94 574.69

Yugur 631.03 680.32 1,172.54 342.81 454.13 375.60

Zhuang 1,424.30 626.13 1,533.84 449.95 569.40 514.48


Table 5.10 Per capita annual cash consumption expenditure of urban households (yuan) (VIII)

Ethnic group Health care and medical services Others Othergoods

Otherservices

Nationalaverage

968.98 581.26 380.89 200.37

Achang 823.44 383.28 235.20 148.08

Bai 798.13 382.11 235.78 146.33

Baonan 874.59 417.05 296.72 120.35

Blang 824.16 384.20 235.88 148.31

Buyi 597.85 324.62 215.82 108.80

Dai 822.90 383.93 235.46 148.46

Daur 1,168.20 652.80 446.10 206.69

Deang 822.99 382.35 234.51 147.85

Derung 854.23 418.01 261.88 156.14

Dong 683.59 367.12 234.80 132.32

Dongxiang 878.63 422.84 303.31 119.54

Ewenki 1,215.62 732.75 515.36 217.40

Gaoshan 922.00 529.57 344.14 185.43

Gelao 590.75 321.36 213.96 107.40

Han 937.31 542.86 354.56 188.29

Hani 823.51 383.35 235.22 148.13

Hezhe 1,085.35 499.43 302.33 197.10

Hui 950.83 502.13 343.00 159.14

Jing 779.63 360.89 233.05 127.84

Jingpo 822.95 383.29 235.23 148.06

Jino 823.60 383.51 235.20 148.31

Kazak 913.07 493.53 374.61 118.92

Kirgiz 915.16 493.94 374.18 119.76

Korean 1,114.51 563.69 329.71 233.99

Lahu 823.85 383.64 235.46 148.18

Lhoba 464.49 525.71 273.15 252.55

Li 776.70 362.58 230.68 131.90

Lisu 821.38 387.40 237.36 150.05

Manchu 1,136.67 579.10 356.73 222.37

Maonan 724.59 345.65 225.08 120.57

Miao 715.21 378.84 242.40 136.43

Monba 450.14 537.56 277.22 260.33(continued)



Ethnic group Health care and medical services Others Othergoods

Otherservices

Mongol 1,181.98 698.26 482.74 215.52

Mulao 759.51 358.50 232.22 126.28

Naxi 820.52 388.66 237.94 150.72

Nu 818.95 387.36 237.22 150.15

Oroqen 1,150.85 615.14 408.01 207.13

Pumi 824.02 384.85 236.17 148.68

Qiang 737.35 531.72 312.72 218.99

Russian 1,035.20 594.67 433.01 161.66

Salar 860.79 414.64 284.08 130.58

She 870.90 650.69 431.39 219.30

Shui 602.78 323.12 214.50 108.62

Tajik 913.55 494.47 373.51 120.96

Tatar 917.21 495.61 373.16 122.44

Tibetan 635.96 492.44 282.20 210.24

Tu 859.40 421.31 286.65 134.67

Tujia 841.04 419.51 270.65 148.87

Uygur 913.27 494.04 374.77 119.27

Uzbek 913.76 495.30 374.84 120.46

Va 825.91 386.69 238.04 148.65

Xibe 1,142.86 608.44 381.38 227.06

Yao 796.39 408.04 256.08 151.96

Yi 773.74 417.32 254.12 163.20

Yugur 878.89 419.30 298.16 121.15

Zhuang 789.47 368.76 236.89 131.87


Table 5.11 Consumer price indices by category (preceding year = 100) (I)

Ethnicgroup

Generalindex

Food Grain Oilor fat



Nationalaverage

105.4 111.8 112.2 113.4 122.6 114.2 112.1

Achang 104.9 111.5 111.9 113.0 124.7 110.6 109.3

Bai 104.9 111.7 112.7 113.3 124.4 111.4 109.5

Baonan 105.9 111.4 110.4 113.9 122.3 115.6 109.2

Blang 104.9 111.5 111.9 113.0 124.7 110.7 109.3

Buyi 105.2 113.4 116.5 116.3 124.4 114.6 111.1

Dai 104.9 111.5 111.9 113.0 124.7 110.6 109.3

Daur 105.7 113.1 111.2 115.0 126.1 116.3 111.3

Deang 104.9 111.5 111.9 113.0 124.8 110.6 109.3

Derung 105.0 111.6 112.0 113.2 124.7 111.5 109.8

Dong 105.4 112.8 116.5 114.6 122.7 114.6 111.0

Dongxiang 105.9 111.5 110.3 113.9 122.1 115.6 109.3

Ewenki 105.6 113.5 111.4 113.5 126.5 117.2 111.5

Gaoshan 105.5 112.1 112.7 113.4 123.6 114.1 111.9

Gelao 105.2 113.4 116.7 116.4 124.4 114.7 111.1

Han 105.4 111.9 112.3 113.5 123.4 114.3 111.5

Hani 104.9 111.5 111.9 113.0 124.7 110.6 109.3

Hezhe 105.8 112.3 111.2 118.1 125.5 114.7 111.2

Hui 105.7 112.1 111.6 113.4 123.6 113.7 111.4

Jing 105.8 114.2 116.8 112.2 121.1 113.8 116.9

Jingpo 104.9 111.5 111.9 113.0 124.7 110.6 109.4

Jino 104.9 111.5 111.9 113.0 124.8 110.6 109.3

Kazak 105.9 112.5 108.7 112.6 120.2 112.2 110.6

Kirgiz 105.9 112.5 108.7 112.7 120.2 112.3 110.7

Korean 105.4 111.3 111.0 114.2 124.0 116.1 112.7

Lahu 104.9 111.5 111.9 113.0 124.8 110.6 109.3

Lhoba 105.0 109.4 112.8 104.4 113.2 109.2 105.8

Li 106.0 113.3 116.3 111.0 118.1 114.1 112.5

Lisu 104.9 111.5 111.9 113.0 124.7 110.7 109.3

Manchu 105.4 111.5 111.0 114.1 125.3 115.1 113.0

Maonan 105.7 114.1 117.0 113.3 121.9 114.0 115.6

Miao 105.3 112.7 115.8 114.6 123.5 114.5 110.4

Monba 105.0 109.3 112.7 103.9 112.7 108.9 105.5(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Generalindex

Food Grain Oilor fat



Mongol 105.5 113.0 111.3 113.3 126.1 116.6 111.7

Mulao 105.8 114.2 116.9 112.6 121.3 113.9 116.5

Naxi 104.9 111.5 111.9 113.0 124.7 110.7 109.3

Nu 104.9 111.5 111.9 112.9 124.5 110.6 109.3

Oroqen 105.7 112.9 111.3 115.9 126.1 116.0 111.4

Pumi 104.9 111.5 111.9 113.0 124.7 110.7 109.3

Qiang 105.3 112.0 112.2 112.4 123.7 114.3 107.7

Russian 105.8 112.8 109.9 112.9 122.7 114.1 111.0

Salar 106.1 111.2 109.5 109.3 122.8 111.1 109.7

She 105.3 111.6 114.9 114.4 121.4 114.7 110.9

Shui 105.2 113.4 116.5 116.2 124.3 114.6 111.3

Tajik 105.9 112.5 108.9 112.6 120.3 112.3 110.7

Tatar 105.9 112.5 108.9 112.7 120.3 112.4 110.6

Tibetan 105.4 110.5 111.7 107.7 118.3 111.0 107.2

Tu 106.0 111.2 109.8 109.5 122.9 111.3 109.8

Tujia 105.5 112.3 116.0 114.4 123.2 115.4 109.4

Uygur 105.9 112.5 108.7 112.6 120.2 112.2 110.7

Uzbek 105.9 112.5 108.8 112.6 120.2 112.3 110.7

Va 104.9 111.5 111.9 113.0 124.7 110.7 109.4

Xibe 105.4 111.4 110.9 114.6 124.6 114.5 112.1

Yao 105.7 113.1 116.1 112.0 120.9 113.8 114.0

Yi 105.0 111.8 112.5 113.2 124.4 112.1 109.1

Yugur 105.9 111.5 110.5 114.0 122.4 115.8 109.2

Zhuang 105.8 114.1 116.6 112.1 121.1 113.5 116.8


Table 5.12 Consumer price indices by category (preceding year = 100) (II)

Ethnicgroup

Vege-tables

Freshvegetables

Dried andfreshmelons andfruits

Freshfruits

Diningout

Tobacco,liquorandarticles

Tobacco

Nationalaverage

101.1 100.5 115.9 116.4 108.2 102.8 100.3

Achang 100.7 100.6 109.7 109.6 109.1 100.9 100.3

Bai 101.9 101.7 110.1 110.0 108.9 101.1 100.3

Baonan 103.2 103.1 115.2 115.2 110.1 101.9 100.0

Blang 100.7 100.6 109.8 109.6 109.1 100.9 100.3

Buyi 108.3 107.9 112.1 112.1 109.4 102.4 99.7

Dai 100.7 100.5 109.8 109.6 109.1 100.9 100.3

Daur 102.9 102.7 121.6 123.1 108.3 103.1 100.7

Deang 100.7 100.5 109.7 109.5 109.1 100.9 100.3

Derung 100.9 100.6 111.3 111.3 108.9 101.3 100.4

Dong 107.5 107.3 112.3 112.5 108.5 102.4 99.9

Dongxiang 103.5 103.4 115.6 115.7 110.2 101.9 100.0

Ewenki 103.4 103.2 124.0 125.8 109.1 102.9 100.6

Gaoshan 100.8 100.0 115.6 115.9 108.2 102.9 100.2

Gelao 108.5 108.1 112.1 112.1 109.4 102.5 99.7

Han 101.1 100.6 116.5 117.3 107.8 102.9 100.4

Hani 100.7 100.5 109.7 109.6 109.1 100.9 100.3

Hezhe 101.4 101.1 116.2 116.9 106.2 103.5 100.9

Hui 100.3 100.0 116.2 116.7 109.8 102.6 100.2

Jing 107.2 107.1 115.5 116.0 110.0 103.5 100.2

Jingpo 100.8 100.6 109.7 109.6 109.1 100.9 100.3

Jino 100.7 100.5 109.7 109.6 109.1 100.9 100.3

Kazak 104.6 104.4 120.1 120.3 110.9 103.3 100.1

Kirgiz 104.6 104.4 120.1 120.3 110.8 103.3 100.1

Korean 97.4 96.5 115.9 115.6 107.5 102.5 100.7

Lahu 100.7 100.5 109.8 109.6 109.1 100.9 100.3

Lhoba 107.8 107.9 114.9 115.2 108.6 102.7 101.8

Li 107.1 107.4 112.7 112.9 112.9 100.9 100.4

Lisu 100.7 100.5 110.0 109.9 109.0 100.9 100.3

Manchu 97.0 95.5 115.9 116.2 107.4 102.4 100.5

Maonan 107.8 107.7 114.7 115.0 109.9 103.3 100.1

Miao 106.4 106.2 112.3 112.5 108.5 102.3 99.9(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Vege-tables

Freshvegetables

Dried andfreshmelons andfruits

Freshfruits

Diningout

Tobacco,liquorandarticles

Tobacco

Monba 107.9 108.1 115.0 115.3 108.5 102.7 101.9

Mongol 102.0 101.6 122.2 123.6 109.0 102.8 100.5

Mulao 107.5 107.4 115.2 115.7 110.0 103.5 100.2

Naxi 100.8 100.6 110.0 109.9 109.0 100.9 100.3

Nu 100.9 100.7 109.9 109.7 109.1 100.9 100.4

Oroqen 102.3 102.1 120.1 121.4 107.6 103.2 100.8

Pumi 100.7 100.5 109.8 109.7 109.1 100.9 100.3

Qiang 101.0 101.0 118.2 120.8 105.5 103.2 100.2

Russian 103.9 103.6 121.2 122.1 110.1 103.1 100.3

Salar 99.3 99.3 114.3 114.3 108.8 103.1 100.1

She 98.7 96.8 115.8 115.8 107.4 102.3 100.2

Shui 108.3 107.9 112.2 112.1 109.5 102.5 99.8

Tajik 104.5 104.3 119.9 120.2 110.8 103.3 100.1

Tatar 104.4 104.2 119.7 119.9 110.7 103.3 100.1

Tibetan 103.9 104.0 115.4 116.2 108.0 102.8 101.0

Tu 99.5 99.4 114.2 114.2 108.8 103.0 100.1

Tujia 104.7 104.4 115.1 115.9 107.2 102.9 100.0

Uygur 104.6 104.4 120.1 120.3 110.8 103.3 100.1

Uzbek 104.6 104.4 120.0 120.2 110.8 103.3 100.1

Va 100.7 100.6 109.9 109.8 109.1 100.9 100.3

Xibe 96.8 95.0 114.1 113.7 108.0 102.3 100.4

Yao 106.3 106.3 113.7 114.1 109.0 102.8 100.2

Yi 101.7 101.5 112.4 113.0 108.2 101.7 100.2

Yugur 103.3 103.2 115.2 115.2 110.1 101.8 100.0

Zhuang 106.9 106.8 115.3 115.7 110.0 103.4 100.3


Tab

le5.

13C

onsu

mer

pric

ein

dice

sby

cate

gory

(pre

cedi

ngye

ar=

100)

(III

)

Eth

nic

grou

pL

iquo

rC

loth

ing

Gar

men

tsC

loth

ing

mat

eria

lF

ootg

ear

and

hats

Clo

thin

gm

anuf

actu

ring

serv

ice

Hou

seho

ldfa

cili

ties

,ar

ticl

esan

dse

rvic

es

Nat

iona

lave

rage

106.

710

2.1

102.

410

9.2

100.

710

7.3

102.

4

Ach

ang

102.

810

0.5

99.8

105.

510

1.6

105.

010

1.4

Bai

103.

510

0.5

100.

110

6.2

101.

110

4.8

101.

2

Bao

nan

105.

110

1.3

101.

210

6.0

101.

110

3.8

101.

6

Bla

ng10

2.8

100.

599

.910

5.5

101.

610

5.0

101.

4

Buy

i10

7.1

100.

410

0.9

113.

097

.310

3.3

100.

3

Dai

102.

810

0.5

99.8

105.

510

1.6

105.

110

1.4

Dau

r10

6.1

102.

210

2.5

109.

910

0.8

107.

910

0.9

Dea

ng10

2.8

100.

599

.810

5.4

101.

610

5.1

101.

4

Der

ung

103.

510

0.8

100.

310

6.4

101.

410

5.4

101.

5

Don

g10

6.6

100.

810

1.2

110.

598

.510

4.3

100.

8

Don

gxia

ng10

5.2

101.

310

1.2

105.

910

1.0

103.

610

1.7

Ew

enki

105.

810

2.2

102.

610

8.5

101.

110

5.4

100.

4

Gao

shan

106.

410

1.8

102.

111

1.4

100.

610

8.0

102.

0

Gel

ao10

7.1

100.

310

0.9

113.

197

.210

3.3

100.

3

Han

106.

810

2.0

102.

311

0.1

100.

710

7.2

102.

2

Han

i10

2.8

100.

599

.810

5.4

101.

610

5.0

101.

4

Hez

he10

6.7

102.

110

2.4

113.

310

0.2

113.

110

2.0

Hui

106.

010

2.3

102.

411

2.1

101.

410

9.4

101.

9(continued)


Tab

le5.

13(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pL

iquo

rC

loth

ing

Gar

men

tsC

loth

ing

mat

eria

lF

ootg

ear

and

hats

Clo

thin

gm

anuf

actu

ring

serv

ice

Hou

seho

ldfa

cili

ties

,ar

ticl

esan

dse

rvic

es

Jing

106.

810

1.9

102.

311

2.0

99.5

108.

210

1.7

Jing

po10

2.8

100.

599

.910

5.5

101.

610

5.0

101.

4

Jino

102.

810

0.5

99.8

105.

410

1.6

105.

110

1.4

Kaz

ak10

6.9

101.

110

1.1

106.

710

0.0

107.

810

2.4

Kir

giz

106.

910

1.1

101.

110

6.8

100.

010

7.9

102.

4

Kor

ean

105.

110

2.6

103.

210

8.8

100.

610

9.4

102.

0

Lah

u10

2.8

100.

599

.910

5.5

101.

610

5.0

101.

4

Lho

ba10

4.2

102.

710

2.4

102.

410

2.2

107.

210

1.9

Li

101.

810

0.9

100.

411

5.8

100.

511

0.7

101.

4

Lis

u10

3.0

100.

599

.910

5.5

101.

510

5.1

101.

4

Man

chu

105.

010

1.9

102.

511

1.0

99.9

111.

310

2.4

Mao

nan

107.

010

1.4

102.

011

2.5

98.8

106.

810

1.3

Mia

o10

6.6

100.

710

1.0

110.

298

.910

4.2

100.

9

Mon

ba10

4.0

102.

810

2.5

102.

010

2.4

107.

310

1.9

Mon

gol

105.

610

2.2

102.

510

8.6

100.

910

6.3

100.

8

Mul

ao10

6.9

101.

710

2.2

112.

299

.110

7.6

101.

6

Nax

i10

3.0

100.

599

.910

5.5

101.

610

5.1

101.

4

Nu

102.

810

0.6

99.9

105.

410

1.6

105.

110

1.4

Oro

qen

106.

210

2.2

102.

511

0.9

100.

610

9.3

101.

2(continued)


Tab

le5.

13(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pL

iquo

rC

loth

ing

Gar

men

tsC

loth

ing

mat

eria

lF

ootg

ear

and

hats

Clo

thin

gm

anuf

actu

ring

serv

ice

Hou

seho

ldfa

cili

ties

,ar

ticl

esan

dse

rvic

es

Pum

i10

2.8

100.

599

.910

5.5

101.

610

5.1

101.

4

Qia

ng10

8.9

100.

099

.910

8.1

99.8

106.

110

1.1

Rus

sian

106.

410

1.6

101.

710

7.5

100.

510

6.9

101.

7

Sal

ar10

6.7

103.

010

3.1

111.

710

2.0

117.

810

1.3

She

106.

010

2.0

102.

110

9.5

101.

210

8.2

102.

2

Shu

i10

7.0

100.

410

0.9

112.

997

.410

3.5

100.

4

Taj

ik10

6.9

101.

110

1.1

106.

810

0.0

107.

810

2.4

Tat

ar10

6.8

101.

110

1.1

106.

810

0.1

107.

710

2.4

Tib

etan

105.

810

2.1

101.

910

5.9

101.

610

9.2

101.

5

Tu

106.

610

2.9

103.

011

1.5

101.

911

6.9

101.

3

Tuj

ia10

8.6

101.

710

2.0

108.

999

.910

4.9

101.

6

Uyg

ur10

6.9

101.

110

1.1

106.

710

0.0

107.

810

2.4

Uzb

ek10

6.9

101.

110

1.1

106.

810

0.0

107.

810

2.4

Va

102.

910

0.5

99.9

105.

510

1.6

105.

010

1.4

Xib

e10

4.9

101.

810

2.2

109.

210

0.0

111.

710

2.8

Yao

106.

010

1.5

101.

810

9.4

99.9

106.

710

1.6

Yi

105.

010

0.4

100.

010

7.0

100.

610

5.2

101.

2

Yug

ur10

5.1

101.

310

1.2

105.

910

1.1

103.

410

1.7

Zhu

ang

106.

610

1.8

102.

211

1.6

99.6

108.

010

1.7


Tab

le5.

14C

onsu

mer

pric

ein

dice

sby

cate

gory

(pre

cedi

ngye

ar=

100)

(IV

)

Eth

nic

grou

pD

urab

leco

nsum

ergo

ods

Inte

rior

deco

rati

ons

Bed

arti

cles

Dai

lyus

eho

useh

old

arti

cles

Hou

seho

ldse

rvic

esan

dm

aint

enan

cean

dre

nova

tion

Hea

lth

care

and

pers

onal

arti

cles

Hea

lth

care

Nat

iona

lav

erag

e10

0.4

101.

010

4.7

102.

511

1.4

103.

410

2.9

Ach

ang

98.4

99.2

104.

810

1.0

119.

310

3.3

103.

5

Bai

98.6

99.2

104.

410

1.0

116.

710

3.2

103.

4

Bao

nan

99.5

100.

110

0.3

103.

810

8.0

105.

710

6.2

Bla

ng98

.499

.210

4.8

101.

011

9.2

103.

310

3.4

Buy

i98

.797

.810

3.5

100.

810

3.8

102.

710

3.5

Dai

98.4

99.2

104.

810

1.0

119.

310

3.3

103.

4

Dau

r98

.610

0.5

102.

610

2.2

108.

310

3.1

102.

0

Dea

ng98

.499

.210

4.8

101.

011

9.3

103.

310

3.5

Der

ung

98.7

99.4

104.

810

1.3

117.

310

3.3

103.

3

Don

g99

.399

.810

3.1

101.

110

4.9

103.

010

3.4

Don

gxia

ng99

.610

0.3

100.

210

3.7

108.

310

5.6

106.

1

Ew

enki

98.8

100.

310

2.7

101.

010

5.8

102.

610

1.3

Gao

shan

100.

110

1.3

105.

310

2.4

108.

610

3.2

102.

8

Gel

ao98

.797

.810

3.5

100.

710

3.6

102.

610

3.5

Han

100.

210

1.2

104.

210

2.5

110.

010

3.3

102.

9

Han

i98

.499

.210

4.8

101.

011

9.3

103.

310

3.5

Hez

he98

.110

0.6

102.

410

4.7

113.

110

4.3

103.

5

Hui

100.

010

1.4

103.

610

2.8

110.

010

3.7

103.

2(continued)


Tab

le5.

14(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pD

urab

leco

nsum

ergo

ods

Inte

rior

deco

rati

ons

Bed

arti

cles

Dai

lyus

eho

useh

old

arti

cles

Hou

seho

ldse

rvic

esan

dm

aint

enan

cean

dre

nova

tion

Hea

lth

care

and

pers

onal

arti

cles

Hea

lth

care

Jing

99.8

104.

710

6.5

101.

710

6.3

103.

510

3.7

Jing

po98

.499

.210

4.8

101.

011

9.2

103.

310

3.5

Jino

98.4

99.2

104.

810

1.0

119.

310

3.3

103.

5

Kaz

ak99

.810

2.2

103.

710

2.4

114.

710

4.3

102.

7

Kir

giz

99.8

102.

110

3.7

102.

411

4.7

104.

310

2.7

Kor

ean

99.5

101.

610

4.7

103.

010

9.5

103.

610

3.0

Lah

u98

.499

.210

4.8

101.

011

9.3

103.

310

3.4

Lho

ba10

1.5

100.

710

3.7

101.

410

3.6

102.

810

1.7

Li

102.

410

1.0

101.

699

.810

5.8

101.

710

1.2

Lis

u98

.499

.210

4.7

101.

011

9.0

103.

310

3.4

Man

chu

100.

210

1.0

107.

510

2.9

107.

910

3.4

102.

7

Mao

nan

99.5

102.

910

5.7

101.

410

5.2

103.

310

3.7

Mia

o99

.099

.210

3.6

101.

310

6.8

102.

910

3.3

Mon

ba10

1.6

100.

810

3.7

101.

410

3.5

102.

810

1.6

Mon

gol

99.2

100.

510

4.0

101.

210

6.1

102.

710

1.5

Mul

ao99

.710

4.0

106.

210

1.6

105.

710

3.4

103.

8

Nax

i98

.599

.210

4.7

101.

011

8.9

103.

310

3.4

Nu

98.5

99.3

104.

810

1.0

119.

010

3.3

103.

4

Oro

qen

98.5

100.

510

2.6

102.

910

9.4

103.

410

2.4

(continued)


Tab

le5.

14(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pD

urab

leco

nsum

ergo

ods

Inte

rior

deco

rati

ons

Bed

arti

cles

Dai

lyus

eho

useh

old

arti

cles

Hou

seho

ldse

rvic

esan

dm

aint

enan

cean

dre

nova

tion

Hea

lth

care

and

pers

onal

arti

cles

Hea

lth

care

Pum

i98

.499

.210

4.8

101.

011

9.2

103.

310

3.4

Qia

ng99

.310

0.0

100.

710

1.9

108.

710

2.5

102.

1

Rus

sian

99.6

101.

410

3.6

101.

911

1.2

103.

610

2.1

Sal

ar97

.899

.411

0.0

102.

511

4.4

103.

410

2.8

She

99.9

101.

310

3.5

102.

811

0.2

103.

610

3.9

Shu

i98

.898

.010

3.6

100.

810

4.1

102.

710

3.5

Taj

ik99

.810

2.1

103.

710

2.4

114.

610

4.3

102.

7

Tat

ar99

.810

2.0

103.

610

2.4

114.

410

4.3

102.

8

Tib

etan

100.

010

0.2

104.

310

1.8

107.

710

3.0

102.

3

Tu

97.9

99.5

109.

510

2.4

114.

110

3.4

102.

9

Tuj

ia99

.510

0.1

104.

810

2.4

107.

210

3.1

103.

0

Uyg

ur99

.810

2.2

103.

710

2.4

114.

710

4.3

102.

7

Uzb

ek99

.810

2.2

103.

710

2.4

114.

710

4.3

102.

7

Va

98.4

99.2

104.

810

1.0

119.

010

3.3

103.

4

Xib

e10

0.4

100.

710

9.1

102.

510

8.7

103.

610

2.8

Yao

99.8

103.

410

4.7

101.

510

7.5

103.

510

3.7

Yi

98.7

99.3

103.

510

1.2

114.

610

3.0

103.

1

Yug

ur99

.610

0.1

100.

010

3.8

107.

810

5.7

106.

3

Zhu

ang

99.8

104.

610

6.5

101.

710

7.1

103.

510

3.8


Tab

le5.

15C

onsu

mer

pric

ein

dice

sby

cate

gory

(pre

cedi

ngye

ar=

100)

(V)

Eth

nic

grou

pM

edic

alap

plia

nces

and

arti

cles

Tra

diti

onal

Chi

nese

med

icin

eW

este

rnm

edic

ine

Hea

lth

care

appl

ianc

esan

dar

ticl

esH

ealt

hca

rese

rvic

esP

erso

nal

arti

cles

and

serv

ices

Cos

met

ics

Nat

iona

lav

erag

e10

1.9

111.

999

.710

4.4

100.

610

4.4

101.

0

Ach

ang

103.

511

0.4

101.

710

0.4

100.

210

2.7

100.

2

Bai

103.

411

1.1

101.

610

0.6

100.

210

2.6

100.

3

Bao

nan

106.

211

8.9

101.

410

0.9

102.

510

4.0

101.

2

Bla

ng10

3.4

110.

410

1.7

100.

410

0.2

102.

710

0.2

Buy

i10

3.5

114.

910

1.8

99.8

100.

010

1.4

100.

4

Dai

103.

411

0.4

101.

710

0.4

100.

210

2.7

100.

2

Dau

r10

2.0

109.

499

.210

0.7

100.

710

5.6

100.

9

Dea

ng10

3.5

110.

410

1.8

100.

410

0.2

102.

710

0.2

Der

ung

103.

311

0.6

101.

410

0.8

100.

310

3.0

100.

3

Don

g10

3.4

114.

110

1.2

101.

210

0.1

102.

310

0.8

Don

gxia

ng10

6.1

118.

410

1.5

100.

910

2.3

104.

210

1.2

Ew

enki

101.

310

6.7

98.6

101.

310

0.8

105.

110

0.9

Gao

shan

102.

811

2.8

100.

410

2.5

100.

310

4.2

100.

8

Gel

ao10

3.5

115.

010

1.8

99.7

100.

010

1.4

100.

4

Han

102.

911

2.0

99.7

103.

310

0.6

104.

210

1.0

Han

i10

3.5

110.

410

1.7

100.

410

0.2

102.

710

0.2

Hez

he10

3.5

115.

210

0.4

99.7

100.

510

6.5

101.

0

Hui

103.

211

2.7

100.

610

2.9

100.

810

4.5

101.

1(continued)


Tab

le5.

15(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pM

edic

alap

plia

nces

and

arti

cles

Tra

diti

onal

Chi

nese

med

icin

eW

este

rnm

edic

ine

Hea

lth

care

appl

ianc

esan

dar

ticl

esH

ealt

hca

rese

rvic

esP

erso

nal

arti

cles

and

serv

ices

Cos

met

ics

Jing

103.

711

5.0

100.

110

0.9

99.7

103.

010

0.9

Jing

po10

3.5

110.

510

1.7

100.

410

0.2

102.

710

0.2

Jino

103.

511

0.4

101.

710

0.4

100.

210

2.7

100.

2

Kaz

ak10

2.7

111.

410

1.0

100.

510

0.3

106.

310

1.0

Kir

giz

102.

711

1.4

100.

910

0.5

100.

310

6.3

101.

0

Kor

ean

103.

011

3.7

99.7

101.

510

0.5

105.

110

1.1

Lah

u10

3.4

110.

410

1.7

100.

410

0.2

102.

710

0.2

Lho

ba10

1.7

104.

799

.199

.810

5.1

104.

310

0.7

Li

101.

210

8.6

99.6

101.

399

.710

3.3

99.0

Lis

u10

3.4

110.

510

1.6

100.

510

0.3

102.

710

0.2

Man

chu

102.

711

2.4

100.

210

2.3

100.

410

4.9

101.

2

Mao

nan

103.

711

5.2

100.

610

0.5

99.8

102.

510

0.8

Mia

o10

3.3

113.

310

1.1

101.

010

0.2

102.

310

0.7

Mon

ba10

1.6

104.

398

.999

.810

5.4

104.

410

0.7

Mon

gol

101.

510

7.7

98.9

101.

610

0.7

104.

910

0.9

Mul

ao10

3.8

115.

210

0.3

100.

899

.710

2.8

100.

9

Nax

i10

3.4

110.

510

1.6

100.

510

0.3

102.

710

0.2

Nu

103.

411

0.4

101.

710

0.4

100.

310

2.7

100.

2

Oro

qen

102.

411

1.0

99.5

100.

510

0.6

105.

810

1.0

(continued)


Tab

le5.

15(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pM

edic

alap

plia

nces

and

arti

cles

Tra

diti

onal

Chi

nese

med

icin

eW

este

rnm

edic

ine

Hea

lth

care

appl

ianc

esan

dar

ticl

esH

ealt

hca

rese

rvic

esP

erso

nal

arti

cles

and

serv

ices

Cos

met

ics

Pum

i10

3.4

110.

510

1.7

100.

410

0.2

102.

710

0.2

Qia

ng10

2.1

111.

896

.810

3.5

101.

110

3.4

100.

6

Rus

sian

102.

110

9.6

100.

010

1.0

100.

510

5.7

101.

0

Sal

ar10

2.8

115.

599

.010

0.6

101.

110

4.4

101.

7

She

103.

911

4.3

100.

810

5.1

100.

210

3.2

100.

3

Shu

i10

3.5

114.

810

1.7

99.8

100.

010

1.5

100.

4

Taj

ik10

2.7

111.

410

0.9

100.

610

0.3

106.

210

1.0

Tat

ar10

2.8

111.

710

0.9

100.

610

0.4

106.

110

1.0

Tib

etan

102.

310

9.5

98.7

100.

910

3.2

104.

110

0.9

Tu

102.

911

5.5

99.1

100.

810

1.1

104.

310

1.6

Tuj

ia10

3.0

111.

510

0.5

102.

310

0.3

103.

510

1.3

Uyg

ur10

2.7

111.

410

0.9

100.

610

0.3

106.

310

1.0

Uzb

ek10

2.7

111.

410

0.9

100.

610

0.3

106.

210

1.0

Va

103.

411

0.4

101.

710

0.5

100.

210

2.7

100.

2

Xib

e10

2.8

111.

710

0.5

102.

410

0.3

105.

110

1.1

Yao

103.

711

4.1

100.

310

1.9

100.

010

3.1

101.

0

Yi

103.

111

1.3

100.

410

1.2

100.

410

2.7

100.

3

Yug

ur10

6.3

119.

010

1.5

100.

910

2.5

104.

010

1.2

Zhu

ang

103.

811

4.9

100.

210

1.0

99.7

103.

010

0.9


Tab

le5.

16C

onsu

mer

pric

ein

dice

sby

cate

gory

(pre

cedi

ngye

ar=

100)

(VI)

Eth

nic

grou

pS

anit

atio

nar

ticl

esP

erso

nal

orna

men

tsP

erso

nal

serv

ices

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion

and

com

mun

icat

ion

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion

faci

lity

Fue

lsan

dpa

rts

Nat

iona

lav

erag

e10

1.8

108.

810

4.9

100.

510

2.6

99.0

111.

7

Ach

ang

100.

210

6.5

105.

110

0.0

102.

096

.311

1.7

Bai

100.

410

6.5

104.

510

0.1

102.

197

.011

1.5

Bao

nan

104.

010

4.1

107.

210

1.0

103.

410

0.5

112.

8

Bla

ng10

0.2

106.

510

5.1

100.

010

2.0

96.3

111.

7

Buy

i10

1.3

103.

910

0.2

100.

110

2.9

100.

610

9.8

Dai

100.

210

6.5

105.

110

0.0

102.

096

.311

1.7

Dau

r10

1.6

110.

710

6.5

100.

310

2.1

99.7

110.

2

Dea

ng10

0.2

106.

510

5.1

100.

010

2.0

96.3

111.

7

Der

ung

100.

510

6.8

105.

110

0.1

102.

197

.011

1.6

Don

g10

1.4

106.

010

1.9

100.

610

3.0

100.

611

0.5

Don

gxia

ng10

4.0

104.

310

7.7

101.

010

3.4

100.

611

2.7

Ew

enki

101.

610

9.1

105.

710

0.5

102.

199

.211

0.1

Gao

shan

101.

710

8.2

104.

910

0.7

103.

010

0.1

111.

5

Gel

ao10

1.3

103.

810

0.0

100.

110

2.9

100.

610

9.8

Han

101.

710

8.4

105.

110

0.6

102.

799

.611

1.4

Han

i10

0.2

106.

510

5.1

100.

010

2.0

96.3

111.

7

Hez

he10

1.7

113.

710

7.1

99.9

102.

210

0.2

110.

4(continued)


Tab

le5.

16(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pS

anit

atio

nar

ticl

esP

erso

nal

orna

men

tsP

erso

nal

serv

ices

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion

and

com

mun

icat

ion

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion

faci

lity

Fue

lsan

dpa

rts

Hui

102.

210

8.1

106.

610

0.7

103.

110

0.0

111.

6

Jing

102.

010

6.5

104.

610

1.7

104.

910

2.0

110.

3

Jing

po10

0.2

106.

510

5.1

100.

010

2.0

96.3

111.

7

Jino

100.

210

6.5

105.

110

0.0

102.

096

.311

1.7

Kaz

ak10

2.4

110.

211

4.0

100.

510

3.0

101.

011

1.1

Kir

giz

102.

411

0.3

113.

910

0.5

103.

010

1.0

111.

1

Kor

ean

101.

610

9.3

107.

610

0.4

102.

498

.411

0.8

Lah

u10

0.2

106.

510

5.1

100.

010

2.0

96.3

111.

7

Lho

ba10

0.7

110.

010

6.5

102.

010

4.3

100.

010

9.5

Li

100.

710

7.3

106.

110

1.6

104.

610

1.9

110.

3

Lis

u10

0.2

106.

610

5.1

100.

110

2.0

96.4

111.

7

Man

chu

102.

010

9.2

105.

810

0.2

102.

399

.511

1.2

Mao

nan

101.

810

5.7

103.

310

1.3

104.

410

1.7

110.

1

Mia

o10

1.3

105.

910

2.2

100.

410

2.9

100.

011

0.6

Mon

ba10

0.7

110.

210

6.6

102.

110

4.4

99.9

109.

5

Mon

gol

101.

610

8.7

105.

910

0.5

102.

299

.311

0.3

Mul

ao10

1.9

106.

110

4.0

101.

610

4.7

101.

911

0.2

Nax

i10

0.2

106.

610

5.1

100.

110

2.1

96.4

111.

7

Nu

100.

210

6.6

105.

110

0.1

102.

096

.411

1.7

(continued)


Tab

le5.

16(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pS

anit

atio

nar

ticl

esP

erso

nal

orna

men

tsP

erso

nal

serv

ices

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion

and

com

mun

icat

ion

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion

Tra

nspo

rtat

ion

faci

lity

Fue

lsan

dpa

rts

Oro

qen

101.

611

1.5

106.

410

0.2

102.

199

.811

0.2

Pum

i10

0.2

106.

610

5.1

100.

010

2.0

96.3

111.

7

Qia

ng10

0.4

107.

410

5.1

101.

010

3.4

99.8

110.

9

Rus

sian

102.

110

9.7

110.

410

0.5

102.

710

0.2

110.

8

Sal

ar10

0.9

109.

210

8.3

100.

010

1.9

100.

511

1.3

She

101.

410

8.2

102.

610

0.7

102.

999

.711

2.2

Shu

i10

1.3

104.

010

0.3

100.

210

3.0

100.

610

9.8

Taj

ik10

2.4

110.

211

3.6

100.

510

3.0

100.

911

1.1

Tat

ar10

2.4

110.

011

3.3

100.

510

3.1

100.

911

1.2

Tib

etan

100.

810

8.9

106.

610

1.3

103.

510

0.0

110.

5

Tu

101.

010

8.9

107.

910

0.1

102.

010

0.3

111.

3

Tuj

ia10

1.8

107.

210

4.8

100.

610

2.8

100.

211

0.7

Uyg

ur10

2.4

110.

211

3.9

100.

510

3.0

101.

011

1.1

Uzb

ek10

2.4

110.

211

3.8

100.

510

3.1

101.

011

1.1

Va

100.

210

6.6

105.

110

0.1

102.

096

.411

1.7

Xib

e10

1.7

109.

610

7.4

100.

210

2.5

100.

211

1.1

Yao

101.

610

7.4

104.

310

1.3

103.

910

0.8

110.

9

Yi

100.

410

6.5

104.

510

0.3

102.

597

.711

1.3

Yug

ur10

4.1

103.

910

7.0

101.

110

3.5

100.

511

2.8

Zhu

ang

101.

910

6.5

104.

710

1.7

104.

810

1.7

110.

3


Tab

le5.

17C

onsu

mer

pric

ein

dice

sby

cate

gory

(pre

cedi

ngye

ar=

100)

(VII

)

Eth

nic

grou

pF

ees

for

vehi

cles

use

and

mai

nten

ance

Inci

tytr

affi

cfa

re

Inte

rcit

ytr

affi

cfa

reC

omm

unic

atio

nco

mm

unic

atio

nfa

cili

tyC

omm

unic

atio

nse

rvic

esR

ecre

atio

n,ed

ucat

ion

and

cult

ure

Nat

iona

lav

erag

e10

3.8

101.

710

2.7

97.5

87.0

99.8

100.

4

Ach

ang

102.

610

4.1

104.

797

.685

.410

0.2

99.7

Bai

103.

110

3.3

104.

597

.686

.010

0.2

99.9

Bao

nan

102.

610

1.8

101.

998

.892

.610

0.1

102.

8

Bla

ng10

2.6

104.

110

4.7

97.5

85.4

100.

299

.7

Buy

i10

7.9

99.5

104.

897

.284

.210

0.6

99.9

Dai

102.

610

4.1

104.

797

.585

.410

0.2

99.7

Dau

r10

1.8

102.

810

1.3

97.8

90.6

99.9

100.

5

Dea

ng10

2.6

104.

110

4.7

97.6

85.4

100.

299

.7

Der

ung

102.

810

3.7

104.

397

.685

.810

0.1

99.9

Don

g10

5.6

99.6

104.

398

.088

.510

0.3

100.

4

Don

gxia

ng10

2.7

101.

710

2.1

98.8

92.4

100.

110

2.7

Ew

enki

101.

710

3.5

101.

397

.991

.999

.910

0.7

Gao

shan

103.

610

1.8

103.

297

.987

.910

0.0

100.

4

Gel

ao10

8.1

99.4

104.

897

.284

.110

0.6

99.9

Han

103.

210

2.2

102.

897

.787

.999

.910

0.5

Han

i10

2.6

104.

110

4.7

97.6

85.4

100.

299

.7

Hez

he10

1.6

101.

710

1.2

97.5

87.6

100.

099

.8(continued)


Tab

le5.

17(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pF

ees

for

vehi

cles

use

and

mai

nten

ance

Inci

tytr

affi

cfa

re

Inte

rcit

ytr

affi

cfa

reC

omm

unic

atio

nco

mm

unic

atio

nfa

cili

tyC

omm

unic

atio

nse

rvic

esR

ecre

atio

n,ed

ucat

ion

and

cult

ure

Hui

104.

910

2.1

103.

497

.888

.710

0.0

100.

9

Jing

103.

610

0.5

108.

598

.492

.010

0.1

100.

1

Jing

po10

2.6

104.

110

4.7

97.6

85.4

100.

299

.7

Jino

102.

610

4.1

104.

797

.585

.410

0.2

99.7

Kaz

ak10

7.2

100.

310

3.3

98.1

90.2

100.

010

1.1

Kir

giz

107.

110

0.3

103.

298

.090

.210

0.0

101.

1

Kor

ean

102.

610

3.2

102.

397

.687

.810

0.1

100.

1

Lah

u10

2.6

104.

110

4.7

97.6

85.5

100.

299

.7

Lho

ba10

4.5

104.

110

1.8

99.0

97.0

99.8

100.

6

Li

111.

410

0.3

98.5

96.5

76.9

99.2

100.

4

Lis

u10

2.6

104.

110

4.7

97.5

85.5

100.

299

.7

Man

chu

103.

910

2.0

101.

497

.886

.210

0.1

100.

1

Mao

nan

104.

810

0.1

107.

798

.190

.010

0.2

100.

1

Mia

o10

5.2

100.

310

4.1

97.7

87.4

100.

310

0.2

Mon

ba10

4.4

104.

310

1.7

99.1

97.4

99.7

100.

7

Mon

gol

102.

510

3.2

101.

597

.990

.999

.910

0.7

Mul

ao10

4.1

100.

310

8.2

98.3

91.3

100.

110

0.1

Nax

i10

2.6

104.

110

4.7

97.6

85.5

100.

299

.8

Nu

102.

610

4.1

104.

797

.685

.610

0.2

99.8(continued)


Tab

le5.

17(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pF

ees

for

vehi

cles

use

and

mai

nten

ance

Inci

tytr

affi

cfa

re

Inte

rcit

ytr

affi

cfa

reC

omm

unic

atio

nco

mm

unic

atio

nfa

cili

tyC

omm

unic

atio

nse

rvic

esR

ecre

atio

n,ed

ucat

ion

and

cult

ure

Oro

qen

101.

610

2.6

101.

297

.789

.899

.910

0.3

Pum

i10

2.6

104.

110

4.7

97.6

85.5

100.

299

.7

Qia

ng10

3.3

104.

910

3.4

97.3

86.5

99.4

100.

3

Rus

sian

105.

210

1.6

102.

597

.990

.510

0.0

100.

9

Sal

ar10

8.6

101.

599

.798

.191

.499

.910

1.5

She

103.

310

1.5

102.

398

.287

.199

.910

0.0

Shu

i10

7.8

99.5

105.

097

.384

.410

0.5

99.9

Taj

ik10

7.1

100.

310

3.3

98.0

90.1

100.

010

1.1

Tat

ar10

6.9

100.

410

3.2

98.0

90.1

100.

010

1.2

Tib

etan

105.

010

3.7

101.

798

.493

.299

.710

0.9

Tu

108.

110

1.6

99.9

98.0

91.1

99.9

101.

4

Tuj

ia10

3.5

100.

710

2.9

98.2

90.8

100.

010

0.4

Uyg

ur10

7.2

100.

310

3.3

98.0

90.2

100.

010

1.1

Uzb

ek10

7.2

100.

310

3.3

98.0

90.1

100.

010

1.1

Va

102.

610

4.1

104.

797

.685

.510

0.2

99.7

Xib

e10

4.6

101.

410

1.7

97.9

86.1

100.

210

0.2

Yao

103.

010

0.5

106.

298

.592

.199

.910

0.5

Yi

103.

410

3.8

104.

497

.585

.610

0.0

99.9

Yug

ur10

2.3

101.

810

2.0

98.8

92.6

100.

110

2.8

Zhu

ang

103.

410

0.7

108.

498

.391

.810

0.0

100.

1


Tab

le5.

18C

onsu

mer

pric

ein

dice

sby

cate

gory

(pre

cedi

ngye

ar=

100)

(VII

I)

Eth

nic

grou

pD

urab

leco

nsum

ergo

ods

and

serv

ice

for

recr

eati

onal

use

Edu

cati

onT

each

ing

mat

eria

lsan

dre

fere

nce

book

sE

duca

tion

alse

rvic

esR

ecre

atio

nal

arti

cles

Cul

tura

lar

ticl

esN

ewsp

aper

san

dm

agaz

ines

Nat

iona

lav

erag

e93

.710

1.3

101.

110

1.4

101.

110

0.6

101.

0

Ach

ang

93.9

102.

310

4.2

102.

010

1.0

98.6

101.

1

Bai

94.4

102.

210

3.6

102.

010

0.9

98.9

101.

0

Bao

nan

97.0

104.

310

4.8

104.

210

3.9

99.9

101.

2

Bla

ng93

.910

2.3

104.

210

2.0

101.

098

.610

1.1

Buy

i95

.910

1.4

101.

510

1.4

99.7

99.8

100.

3

Dai

93.9

102.

310

4.2

102.

010

1.0

98.6

101.

1

Dau

r93

.410

1.6

102.

510

1.5

101.

510

0.4

102.

0

Dea

ng93

.910

2.3

104.

210

2.0

101.

098

.610

1.1

Der

ung

93.8

102.

210

3.6

101.

910

1.0

98.9

101.

1

Don

g96

.610

1.9

101.

110

1.9

99.9

100.

210

0.4

Don

gxia

ng96

.910

4.2

104.

610

4.2

103.

899

.910

1.2

Ew

enki

95.0

101.

410

1.9

101.

410

1.4

100.

110

2.6

Gao

shan

94.4

101.

410

0.9

101.

510

0.8

100.

510

0.9

Gel

ao95

.910

1.4

101.

510

1.4

99.7

99.8

100.

3

Han

93.9

101.

510

1.3

101.

510

1.1

100.

610

0.9

Han

i93

.910

2.3

104.

210

2.0

101.

098

.610

1.1

Hez

he90

.010

2.0

103.

810

1.7

101.

610

1.0

100.

8

Hui

94.1

102.

210

2.9

102.

010

1.7

100.

810

1.3 (continued)


Tab

le5.

18(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pD

urab

leco

nsum

ergo

ods

and

serv

ice

for

recr

eati

onal

use

Edu

cati

onT

each

ing

mat

eria

lsan

dre

fere

nce

book

sE

duca

tion

alse

rvic

esR

ecre

atio

nal

arti

cles

Cul

tura

lar

ticl

esN

ewsp

aper

san

dm

agaz

ines

Jing

94.8

102.

710

0.4

103.

098

.110

0.4

100.

5

Jing

po93

.910

2.3

104.

210

2.0

101.

098

.610

1.1

Jino

93.9

102.

310

4.2

102.

010

1.0

98.6

101.

1

Kaz

ak95

.210

2.8

102.

410

2.9

100.

610

0.1

102.

2

Kir

giz

95.2

102.

810

2.4

102.

910

0.6

100.

110

2.2

Kor

ean

94.8

101.

010

1.2

100.

910

1.0

101.

710

0.9

Lah

u93

.910

2.3

104.

210

2.0

101.

098

.610

1.1

Lho

ba97

.510

0.7

100.

410

0.9

101.

110

0.1

102.

3

Li

98.8

100.

999

.210

1.3

99.4

98.4

100.

1

Lis

u93

.810

2.3

104.

110

2.0

101.

098

.610

1.1

Man

chu

92.6

101.

210

1.3

101.

210

1.2

101.

210

1.0

Mao

nan

95.2

102.

410

0.6

102.

698

.410

0.3

100.

4

Mia

o95

.710

1.8

101.

510

1.8

100.

199

.910

0.5

Mon

ba97

.610

0.7

100.

410

0.8

101.

110

0.1

102.

3

Mon

gol

94.9

101.

410

1.7

101.

410

1.3

100.

310

2.3

Mul

ao95

.010

2.6

100.

510

2.8

98.2

100.

410

0.4

Nax

i93

.810

2.3

104.

110

2.0

101.

098

.610

1.1

Nu

94.0

102.

310

4.1

102.

010

1.0

98.6

101.

1

Oro

qen

92.4

101.

710

2.8

101.

510

1.5

100.

610

1.6

Pum

i93

.910

2.3

104.

210

2.0

101.

098

.610

1.1 (continued)


Tab

le5.

18(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pD

urab

leco

nsum

ergo

ods

and

serv

ice

for

recr

eati

onal

use

Edu

cati

onT

each

ing

mat

eria

lsan

dre

fere

nce

book

sE

duca

tion

alse

rvic

esR

ecre

atio

nal

arti

cles

Cul

tura

lar

ticl

esN

ewsp

aper

san

dm

agaz

ines

Qia

ng92

.210

1.6

101.

810

1.6

100.

510

0.1

100.

1

Rus

sian

95.1

102.

210

2.1

102.

210

1.0

100.

110

2.3

Sal

ar95

.010

3.3

107.

210

2.7

101.

310

0.7

103.

5

She

94.4

99.9

99.6

100.

010

1.2

100.

210

1.8

Shu

i95

.810

1.5

101.

510

1.5

99.7

99.8

100.

3

Taj

ik95

.210

2.8

102.

310

2.9

100.

610

0.1

102.

2

Tat

ar95

.210

2.8

102.

410

2.9

100.

810

0.1

102.

1

Tib

etan

95.7

101.

710

2.6

101.

710

1.2

100.

210

2.0

Tu

95.0

103.

210

6.8

102.

710

1.3

100.

610

3.3

Tuj

ia94

.710

1.7

101.

110

1.8

100.

710

0.2

100.

6

Uyg

ur95

.210

2.8

102.

410

2.9

100.

610

0.1

102.

2

Uzb

ek95

.210

2.8

102.

310

2.9

100.

610

0.1

102.

2

Va

93.9

102.

310

4.1

102.

010

1.0

98.6

101.

1

Xib

e92

.710

1.5

101.

410

1.6

100.

910

0.8

101.

2

Yao

95.9

102.

610

0.7

102.

899

.210

0.5

100.

6

Yi

93.6

102.

010

3.2

101.

810

0.7

99.1

100.

7

Yug

ur97

.010

4.3

104.

710

4.2

104.

099

.910

1.1

Zhu

ang

94.8

102.

710

0.6

103.

098

.210

0.4

100.

5


Tab

le5.

19C

onsu

mer

pric

ein

dice

sby

cate

gory

(pre

cedi

ngye

ar=

100)

(IX

)

Eth

nic

grou

pE

xpen

ditu

reon

cult

ure

and

recr

eati

onT

ouri

ngan

dou

ting

Res

iden

ceB

uild

ing

and

deco

rati

onm

ater

ials

Ren

ting

Pri

vate

hous

ing

Wat

er,

elec

tric

ity

and

fuel

s

Nat

iona

lav

erag

e10

1.5

103.

810

5.3

104.

710

5.3

106.

510

3.5

Ach

ang

104.

099

.110

4.4

102.

910

7.3

105.

010

4.1

Bai

103.

399

.410

4.4

103.

110

6.4

104.

910

4.2

Bao

nan

106.

310

2.6

105.

810

2.6

105.

510

8.1

103.

5

Bla

ng10

4.0

99.1

104.

410

2.9

107.

310

5.0

104.

1

Buy

i99

.610

0.3

102.

910

2.6

99.9

102.

510

3.9

Dai

104.

099

.110

4.4

102.

910

7.4

105.

010

4.1

Dau

r10

2.0

102.

310

5.3

103.

010

6.4

107.

010

3.8

Dea

ng10

4.0

99.1

104.

410

2.9

107.

410

5.0

104.

1

Der

ung

103.

510

0.0

104.

510

3.2

107.

010

5.2

104.

0

Don

g99

.610

0.9

103.

910

4.1

101.

610

3.9

104.

1

Don

gxia

ng10

6.0

102.

910

5.6

102.

710

4.9

107.

810

3.4

Ew

enki

101.

810

3.3

104.

910

2.4

105.

810

5.9

104.

4

Gao

shan

101.

010

3.5

105.

410

5.1

105.

010

6.4

103.

5

Gel

ao99

.510

0.3

102.

810

2.6

99.7

102.

410

3.9

Han

101.

510

3.8

105.

310

4.7

106.

010

6.5

103.

6

Han

i10

4.0

99.1

104.

410

2.9

107.

310

5.0

104.

1

Hez

he10

2.3

99.9

106.

110

4.0

108.

210

9.4

102.

5

Hui

102.

510

4.6

105.

710

4.3

106.

410

7.3

103.

9

Jing

95.1

101.

210

2.4

105.

710

0.7

102.

910

0.1 (c

ontinued)


Tab

le5.

19(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pE

xpen

ditu

reon

cult

ure

and

recr

eati

onT

ouri

ngan

dou

ting

Res

iden

ceB

uild

ing

and

deco

rati

onm

ater

ials

Ren

ting

Pri

vate

hous

ing

Wat

er,

elec

tric

ity

and

fuel

s

Jing

po10

4.0

99.1

104.

410

2.9

107.

310

5.0

104.

1

Jino

104.

099

.110

4.4

102.

910

7.4

105.

010

4.1

Kaz

ak10

0.1

105.

610

5.4

104.

810

3.0

106.

610

3.7

Kir

giz

100.

110

5.5

105.

410

4.8

103.

010

6.6

103.

6

Kor

ean

100.

710

1.2

105.

710

4.3

110.

710

7.6

103.

1

Lah

u10

4.0

99.1

104.

410

2.9

107.

310

5.0

104.

1

Lho

ba10

1.4

105.

810

6.1

106.

010

2.9

109.

010

5.9

Li

100.

210

2.6

104.

810

8.5

106.

510

2.3

103.

5

Lis

u10

3.9

99.3

104.

510

2.9

107.

410

5.1

104.

1

Man

chu

101.

310

4.5

106.

010

4.6

107.

210

7.5

104.

0

Mao

nan

96.0

100.

910

2.4

104.

810

0.2

102.

610

1.0

Mia

o10

0.3

100.

910

4.0

103.

810

2.6

104.

010

4.2

Mon

ba10

1.4

105.

910

6.2

106.

110

3.0

109.

210

6.0

Mon

gol

101.

610

3.8

105.

110

2.9

106.

010

6.1

104.

5

Mul

ao95

.310

1.2

102.

410

5.3

100.

510

2.7

100.

4

Nax

i10

3.9

99.3

104.

510

2.9

107.

410

5.1

104.

1

Nu

103.

999

.210

4.5

103.

010

7.3

105.

110

4.1

Oro

qen

102.

110

1.6

105.

510

3.2

107.

010

7.6

103.

5

Pum

i10

3.9

99.1

104.

410

2.9

107.

410

5.0

104.

1

Qia

ng10

1.1

105.

910

6.0

102.

510

9.7

107.

410

5.2 (c

ontinued)


Tab

le5.

19(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pE

xpen

ditu

reon

cult

ure

and

recr

eati

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ngan

dou

ting

Res

iden

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and

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rati

onm

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ials

Ren

ting

Pri

vate

hous

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Wat

er,

elec

tric

ity

and

fuel

s

Rus

sian

100.

810

4.7

105.

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3.9

104.

210

6.4

103.

9

Sal

ar10

1.1

101.

810

9.5

104.

811

4.9

113.

810

4.8

She

101.

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3.9

105.

210

4.8

105.

010

6.2

103.

6

Shu

i99

.510

0.2

102.

910

2.7

99.9

102.

510

3.7

Taj

ik10

0.1

105.

510

5.4

104.

810

3.0

106.

610

3.6

Tat

ar10

0.4

105.

410

5.4

104.

810

3.2

106.

710

3.6

Tib

etan

101.

610

4.6

106.

910

4.7

107.

610

9.8

105.

4

Tu

101.

210

1.9

109.

210

4.7

114.

311

3.2

104.

7

Tuj

ia10

1.1

102.

810

5.1

104.

810

4.1

105.

910

4.4

Uyg

ur10

0.1

105.

610

5.4

104.

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3.0

106.

610

3.7

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0.1

105.

610

5.4

104.

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3.0

106.

610

3.6

Va

103.

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4.5

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7.3

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110

4.1

Xib

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0.9

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5.8

104.

710

5.5

106.

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4.1

Yao

97.5

101.

510

3.7

105.

510

2.7

104.

210

2.2

Yi

102.

710

1.1

104.

710

2.8

107.

110

5.4

104.

4

Yug

ur10

6.5

102.

610

5.7

102.

610

5.2

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3.4

Zhu

ang

95.3

101.

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2.5

105.

510

1.1

102.

910

0.2


Table 5.20 Ownership of major durable consumer goods per 100 urban households at year-end(I)

Ethnicgroup

Motorcycle(unit)

Hand car(unit)

Automobile(unit)

Washingmachine (set)

Refrigerator(set)

Nationalaverage

20.13 32.56 18.58 97.05 97.23

Achang 31.33 22.68 23.29 97.05 85.61

Bai 27.89 19.66 21.23 97.09 87.56

Baonan 10.14 10.92 7.54 97.84 88.31

Blang 31.24 22.69 23.25 97.07 85.67

Buyi 6.89 2.87 11.20 99.02 97.03

Dai 31.23 22.56 23.24 97.08 85.65

Daur 16.38 19.07 14.61 95.74 94.75

Deang 31.32 22.52 23.27 97.07 85.54

Derung 28.64 23.16 21.78 96.98 87.81

Dong 15.69 11.36 12.46 97.39 96.76

Dongxiang 10.62 11.48 7.92 97.72 88.58

Ewenki 19.86 25.66 18.42 96.45 97.60

Gaoshan 22.41 36.71 16.56 96.83 96.45

Gelao 6.44 2.05 10.93 99.08 97.19

Han 20.79 33.70 17.72 97.12 96.84

Hani 31.31 22.63 23.29 97.07 85.60

Hezhe 9.64 5.77 7.30 94.18 88.82

Hui 16.65 27.11 14.58 96.53 93.41

Jing 45.36 54.66 17.26 96.95 97.89

Jingpo 31.28 22.57 23.26 97.07 85.64

Jino 31.27 22.46 23.26 97.07 85.59

Kazak 13.78 13.77 12.32 96.11 94.33

Kirgiz 13.76 13.73 12.28 96.08 94.29

Korean 10.81 7.20 10.98 94.44 91.90

Lahu 31.28 22.75 23.27 97.08 85.63

Lhoba 16.40 10.19 24.32 88.90 86.85

Li 30.85 33.10 15.70 73.22 82.10

Lisu 30.68 22.44 22.99 97.11 85.96

Manchu 10.41 17.84 14.23 93.83 95.63

Maonan 35.38 41.04 15.45 97.66 98.00

Miao 15.80 10.61 13.39 97.29 95.51(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Motorcycle(unit)

Hand car(unit)

Automobile(unit)

Washingmachine (set)

Refrigerator(set)

Monba 16.33 10.02 24.88 88.52 86.40

Mongol 17.95 24.56 17.64 96.12 97.52

Mulao 41.68 49.18 16.70 97.32 98.16

Naxi 30.60 22.26 22.99 97.07 85.95

Nu 31.03 22.68 23.30 96.95 85.75

Oroqen 14.77 15.97 12.76 95.32 93.25

Pumi 31.15 22.67 23.21 97.07 85.70

Qiang 9.72 12.23 12.32 98.12 97.46

Russian 16.04 19.27 15.23 96.36 95.90

Salar 5.27 3.38 6.74 97.42 93.34

She 33.25 37.64 20.71 98.12 101.90

Shui 8.32 4.83 11.44 98.98 96.93

Tajik 14.05 14.32 12.44 96.11 94.40

Tatar 13.75 14.17 12.43 96.17 94.19

Tibetan 12.22 9.06 16.79 93.41 90.45

Tu 6.73 4.68 7.57 97.48 93.36

Tujia 17.01 10.58 11.67 96.57 97.43

Uygur 13.82 13.86 12.35 96.10 94.35

Uzbek 14.10 14.16 12.50 96.07 94.37

Va 31.07 23.07 23.20 97.09 85.92

Xibe 7.77 10.24 11.61 92.99 95.66

Yao 38.44 38.74 17.43 96.31 96.38

Yi 22.54 17.48 18.85 97.59 90.17

Yugur 10.46 11.52 7.71 97.87 88.20

Zhuang 46.37 53.98 18.14 97.00 97.36


Table 5.21 Ownership of major durable consumer goods per 100 urban households at year-end(II)

Ethnic group Color TVset (set)

Computer(set)

Hi-Fi stereocomponentsystem (set)

Videocamera (set)

Camera(set)

National average 135.15 81.88 23.97 9.42 44.48

Achang 119.66 63.78 34.07 7.63 36.86

Bai 119.67 64.20 32.66 7.36 35.58

Baonan 106.73 56.30 18.37 5.46 24.23

Blang 119.77 63.85 34.02 7.64 36.89

Buyi 117.09 64.96 31.23 5.87 29.94

Dai 119.74 63.78 34.06 7.63 36.86

Daur 107.27 60.01 12.54 7.70 30.70

Deang 119.53 63.63 34.09 7.62 36.79

Derung 120.51 65.78 31.44 7.78 37.07

Dong 121.22 69.02 27.94 6.24 31.78

Dongxiang 106.67 56.75 18.34 5.66 24.60

Ewenki 106.75 61.59 13.81 7.91 32.70

Gaoshan 131.89 78.99 22.93 8.23 40.88

Gelao 116.70 64.81 31.33 5.82 29.74

Han 133.52 79.83 23.42 8.82 42.40

Hani 119.68 63.76 34.09 7.63 36.87

Hezhe 110.75 58.70 10.80 7.48 28.15

Hui 115.75 67.45 18.13 7.36 33.67

Jing 135.47 89.86 34.17 7.32 46.76

Jingpo 119.61 63.79 34.08 7.63 36.87

Jino 119.64 63.72 34.09 7.63 36.84

Kazak 106.46 61.22 15.12 7.98 29.26

Kirgiz 106.51 61.20 15.07 7.98 29.25

Korean 114.69 67.25 14.79 9.24 34.47

Lahu 119.69 63.79 34.03 7.63 36.87

Lhoba 127.60 60.36 30.97 8.68 43.77

Li 113.50 64.24 20.21 4.48 20.52

Lisu 120.08 63.90 33.72 7.62 36.81

Manchu 115.44 70.86 17.88 10.39 37.93

Maonan 130.23 83.64 33.71 6.90 42.43

Miao 121.22 67.94 28.24 6.41 31.88(continued)



Ethnic group Color TVset (set)

Computer(set)

Hi-Fi stereocomponentsystem (set)

Videocamera (set)

Camera(set)

Monba 128.34 60.29 31.46 8.82 44.67

Mongol 108.96 63.73 15.12 8.34 33.83

Mulao 133.49 88.01 34.29 7.22 45.48

Naxi 120.19 63.92 33.75 7.63 36.85

Nu 120.07 63.94 33.95 7.66 37.07

Oroqen 108.70 60.07 12.19 7.69 30.35

Pumi 119.79 63.84 33.96 7.64 36.88

Qiang 135.06 68.96 22.77 7.12 34.65

Russian 108.24 62.99 15.25 8.22 32.09

Salar 105.54 53.85 11.88 4.72 23.18

She 167.25 96.99 28.62 8.36 48.59

Shui 117.53 65.59 31.37 5.91 30.44

Tajik 107.26 61.80 15.39 7.99 29.62

Tatar 107.37 61.79 15.54 7.98 29.74

Tibetan 122.90 60.09 24.23 7.18 35.78

Tu 107.49 55.64 13.39 4.91 24.46

Tujia 126.29 71.34 24.84 6.92 32.39

Uygur 106.57 61.31 15.15 7.99 29.33

Uzbek 107.00 61.71 15.38 8.01 29.62

Va 119.82 64.12 33.78 7.68 37.06

Xibe 113.95 69.23 18.39 10.62 37.14

Yao 131.11 83.28 31.00 7.37 42.46

Yi 123.59 65.28 30.62 7.28 35.42

Yugur 107.06 56.76 18.69 5.53 24.61

Zhuang 134.97 89.89 34.91 7.49 47.36


Table 5.22 Ownership of major durable consumer goods per 100 urban households at year-end(III)

Ethnicgroup

Piano(set)

Other medium and highgrade musicalinstrument (unit)

Microwaveoven (unit)

Airconditioner(unit)

Water heaterfor shower(unit)

Nationalaverage

2.65 4.21 60.65 122.00 89.14

Achang 2.01 6.82 54.54 4.77 90.82

Bai 1.98 6.11 53.16 16.41 89.23

Baonan 1.21 3.76 36.92 5.81 64.63

Blang 2.01 6.81 54.63 5.45 90.83

Buyi 2.10 3.68 46.76 25.62 76.40

Dai 2.00 6.81 54.59 5.06 90.84

Daur 1.53 3.16 40.97 16.09 57.35

Deang 2.00 6.83 54.50 3.95 90.75

Derung 2.03 6.21 54.42 20.83 88.92

Dong 1.85 3.26 49.32 71.94 84.38

Dongxiang 1.22 3.90 36.56 6.14 65.98

Ewenki 1.60 3.37 42.53 18.85 61.90

Gaoshan 2.18 4.00 56.98 114.31 87.61

Gelao 2.10 3.63 46.51 24.93 76.08

Han 2.47 4.14 58.61 119.69 88.97

Hani 2.01 6.83 54.58 4.59 90.81

Hezhe 1.55 2.62 39.98 19.23 48.03

Hui 1.75 4.04 49.13 54.39 78.26

Jing 1.21 5.12 68.60 128.20 107.02

Jingpo 2.01 6.82 54.52 4.76 90.77

Jino 2.00 6.82 54.58 4.49 90.79

Kazak 1.36 5.05 37.79 11.99 76.51

Kirgiz 1.36 5.02 37.81 12.10 76.24

Korean 2.08 4.31 48.48 22.25 59.44

Lahu 2.01 6.82 54.55 5.04 90.79

Lhoba 0.65 1.47 40.39 20.38 37.28

Li 0.85 1.33 32.51 84.18 86.95

Lisu 1.99 6.70 54.59 7.67 90.85

Manchu 2.27 3.37 53.54 45.32 72.05

Maonan 1.42 4.72 62.96 101.37 99.04

Miao 1.86 3.58 50.37 65.54 84.93(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Piano(set)

Other medium and highgrade musicalinstrument (unit)

Microwaveoven (unit)

Airconditioner(unit)

Water heaterfor shower(unit)

Monba 0.62 1.38 40.15 19.23 35.32

Mongol 1.74 3.52 45.19 25.06 65.71

Mulao 1.32 4.95 66.64 119.87 104.20

Naxi 1.99 6.68 54.57 7.81 90.63

Nu 1.99 6.72 54.46 6.19 90.04

Oroqen 1.57 2.98 41.22 18.72 54.83

Pumi 2.01 6.79 54.59 5.51 90.73

Qiang 1.42 2.67 55.70 112.10 93.08

Russian 1.55 4.43 41.41 21.18 72.21

Salar 1.25 2.65 47.81 5.14 55.29

She 3.32 4.27 72.19 176.07 104.76

Shui 2.06 3.77 47.56 27.64 77.43

Tajik 1.38 5.00 38.47 15.62 76.94

Tatar 1.40 4.96 38.70 15.72 76.49

Tibetan 0.96 2.16 45.30 34.72 55.33

Tu 1.36 2.75 48.61 12.24 57.71

Tujia 1.91 2.85 55.14 119.44 90.38

Uygur 1.37 5.04 37.88 12.53 76.59

Uzbek 1.38 5.03 38.25 14.46 76.93

Va 2.03 6.78 54.57 7.41 90.79

Xibe 2.35 3.80 52.29 27.08 72.48

Yao 1.51 4.31 61.67 126.90 102.16

Yi 1.85 5.31 53.97 36.52 89.76

Yugur 1.23 3.80 36.94 7.37 65.24

Zhuang 1.28 5.28 68.76 126.59 107.56


Table 5.23 Ownership of major durable consumer goods per 100 urban households at year-end(IV)

Ethnicgroup

Disinfectioncupboard (unit)

Dishwasher(unit)

Healthequipment(set)

Telephone(unit)

Mobiletelephone(unit)

Nationalaverage

19.19 0.88 4.09 69.58 205.25

Achang 12.79 0.83 3.31 51.00 212.42

Bai 15.46 0.80 3.25 53.01 210.04

Baonan 1.73 0.36 2.13 57.06 186.19

Blang 12.73 0.83 3.31 51.06 212.39

Buyi 30.59 0.51 3.35 65.01 205.29

Dai 12.76 0.83 3.30 51.03 212.41

Daur 3.81 0.31 2.31 53.48 197.56

Deang 12.63 0.83 3.29 50.88 212.38

Derung 13.08 0.81 3.32 54.10 209.75

Dong 33.09 0.69 3.19 62.26 203.57

Dongxiang 1.95 0.36 2.05 57.81 186.07

Ewenki 4.46 0.26 2.73 49.77 203.17

Gaoshan 22.59 0.79 3.61 64.95 205.86

Gelao 31.10 0.51 3.34 65.17 205.27

Han 18.69 0.85 3.91 67.62 204.66

Hani 12.69 0.83 3.30 50.96 212.42

Hezhe 4.62 0.49 1.74 60.26 189.06

Hui 6.87 0.54 2.71 63.42 196.31

Jing 65.19 1.01 4.07 58.61 229.40

Jingpo 12.86 0.83 3.30 51.01 212.42

Jino 12.69 0.83 3.30 50.95 212.43

Kazak 4.77 0.25 1.09 77.09 181.59

Kirgiz 4.78 0.25 1.09 76.94 181.67

Korean 7.81 0.77 2.55 60.81 202.02

Lahu 12.67 0.83 3.30 50.96 212.38

Lhoba 8.45 0.87 2.71 67.99 184.97

Li 51.16 0.81 2.16 80.12 198.27

Lisu 12.64 0.82 3.29 51.44 212.13

Manchu 6.31 0.77 3.34 67.72 189.04

Maonan 57.79 0.88 3.90 60.26 223.67

Miao 28.00 0.75 3.14 61.67 204.04

(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Disinfectioncupboard (unit)

Dishwasher(unit)

Healthequipment(set)

Telephone(unit)


Monba 7.69 0.88 2.72 68.14 184.46

Mongol 5.05 0.36 2.88 54.07 200.27

Mulao 63.52 0.98 4.05 59.58 227.59

Naxi 12.69 0.82 3.29 51.55 212.02

Nu 12.76 0.83 3.31 51.42 211.97

Oroqen 4.32 0.37 2.24 54.91 195.89

Pumi 12.69 0.83 3.30 51.13 212.30

Qiang 13.79 0.47 2.83 68.09 203.32

Russian 5.01 0.28 1.92 66.87 191.18

Salar 1.95 0.11 1.95 76.82 180.37

She 38.83 1.06 5.24 77.52 222.38

Shui 31.47 0.53 3.37 64.55 206.17

Tajik 5.36 0.27 1.17 76.76 182.35

Tatar 5.10 0.28 1.24 76.09 182.67

Tibetan 7.37 0.58 2.52 68.88 188.22

Tu 4.32 0.18 2.12 75.85 182.79

Tujia 21.84 1.05 3.12 61.88 197.78

Uygur 4.85 0.25 1.10 77.09 181.68

Uzbek 5.48 0.27 1.14 77.00 182.22

Va 12.71 0.83 3.33 51.23 212.28

Xibe 6.84 0.69 3.09 72.96 181.35

Yao 53.21 1.02 3.67 59.34 218.46

Yi 14.99 0.69 3.17 57.26 209.07

Yugur 1.99 0.37 2.18 56.26 186.87

Zhuang 65.26 1.05 4.11 58.44 230.00


Table 5.24 Per capita net income of rural households (yuan)

Ethnic group 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009 2010 2011

Nationalaverage

686.31 1,577.74 2,253.42 3,254.93 5,153.17 5,919.01 6,977.29

Achang 543.08 1,020.14 1,492.68 2,063.04 3,399.72 3,985.32 4,761.08

Bai 543.34 1,064.01 1,543.03 2,137.30 3,493.79 4,079.75 4,862.03

Baonan 446.68 899.57 1,443.12 2,013.02 3,041.54 3,502.27 4,012.33

Blang 542.15 1,018.97 1,495.98 2,068.78 3,408.17 3,995.13 4,773.00

Buyi 452.75 1,123.81 1,438.81 1,973.10 3,148.95 3,634.74 4,334.23

Dai 542.78 1,019.07 1,492.20 2,062.84 3,399.58 3,985.04 4,760.82

Daur 671.72 1,423.80 2,092.15 3,101.75 5,061.47 5,814.46 7,011.71

Deang 541.69 1,014.43 1,484.52 2,051.15 3,382.60 3,966.72 4,739.01

Derung 560.89 1,098.75 1,641.15 2,301.74 3,747.83 4,367.80 5,214.96

Dong 547.06 1,282.23 1,760.53 2,435.63 3,858.27 4,433.43 5,226.00

Dongxiang 460.46 911.59 1,453.33 2,041.48 3,091.31 3,572.22 4,095.29

Ewenki 634.05 1,300.62 2,092.32 3,074.01 5,046.05 5,693.86 6,841.02

Gaoshan 682.40 1,603.12 2,372.79 3,414.65 5,395.58 6,171.88 7,306.48

Gelao 447.60 1,115.97 1,423.84 1,947.22 3,108.35 3,588.35 4,280.37

Han 709.39 1,673.09 2,491.84 3,590.78 5,613.73 6,439.14 7,636.87

Hani 542.78 1,018.77 1,491.26 2,061.27 3,397.42 3,983.14 4,758.37

Hezhe 767.38 1,771.46 2,211.18 3,325.73 5,354.91 6,348.72 7,707.04

Hui 620.96 1,299.25 1,980.70 2,887.72 4,575.82 5,285.15 6,222.49

Jing 640.02 1,453.05 1,892.74 2,545.06 4,052.66 4,628.90 5,351.26

Jingpo 543.00 1,020.46 1,491.98 2,061.56 3,397.14 3,982.42 4,757.41

Jino 542.13 1,016.32 1,489.06 2,058.35 3,393.23 3,978.60 4,753.31

Kazak 683.04 1,136.98 1,619.29 2,483.31 3,884.76 4,643.78 5,443.11

Kirgiz 684.42 1,144.25 1,626.22 2,493.52 3,902.67 4,664.73 5,471.01

Korean 801.36 1,688.86 2,161.66 3,393.99 5,461.30 6,435.69 7,750.06

Lahu 542.43 1,018.82 1,492.91 2,064.02 3,401.89 3,988.05 4,764.43

Lhoba 648.41 1,224.60 1,410.87 2,178.88 3,664.22 4,284.66 5,077.31

Li 686.71 1,508.48 2,156.90 2,968.81 4,687.48 5,220.90 6,370.28

Lisu 543.11 1,023.23 1,503.77 2,083.93 3,429.42 4,016.42 4,799.80

Manchu 778.64 1,729.24 2,368.50 3,609.25 5,729.19 6,651.98 7,966.53

Maonan 585.85 1,359.79 1,751.15 2,355.57 3,752.80 4,295.67 4,994.32

Miao 509.28 1,166.55 1,720.67 2,395.71 3,813.85 4,399.04 5,217.26

Monba 662.05 1,241.20 1,411.82 2,189.68 3,688.19 4,309.75 5,101.39

Mongol 650.38 1,334.44 2,096.86 3,108.52 5,069.87 5,749.22 6,891.96(continued)



Ethnic group 1990 1995 2000 2005 2009 2010 2011

Mulao 623.79 1,434.90 1,857.68 2,494.13 3,963.60 4,529.87 5,245.38

Naxi 544.38 1,025.90 1,505.54 2,088.13 3,436.69 4,024.66 4,808.12

Nu 546.99 1,031.59 1,503.47 2,084.04 3,431.06 4,020.09 4,800.46

Oroqen 699.66 1,535.56 2,149.65 3,195.36 5,194.60 6,015.18 7,270.46

Pumi 544.05 1,023.29 1,497.79 2,072.17 3,413.56 4,000.85 4,779.27

Qiang 558.89 1,163.28 1,908.06 2,807.84 4,468.82 5,095.44 6,136.66

Russian 675.96 1,246.10 1,872.39 2,817.37 4,495.81 5,224.94 6,178.10

Salar 554.33 1,032.27 1,510.58 2,179.16 3,381.10 3,905.82 4,631.66

She 824.94 2,172.95 3,244.15 4,670.63 7,066.76 7,935.46 9,318.52

Shui 456.85 1,125.26 1,439.90 1,970.89 3,149.19 3,635.28 4,330.27

Tajik 681.22 1,147.60 1,643.32 2,512.33 3,931.01 4,690.93 5,502.08

Tatar 679.10 1,157.47 1,658.25 2,529.81 3,955.07 4,710.34 5,517.46

Tibetan 590.87 1,131.76 1,522.63 2,272.21 3,689.24 4,271.37 5,079.77

Tu 560.46 1,074.86 1,571.75 2,249.37 3,483.37 4,016.55 4,763.20

Tujia 518.66 1,173.95 2,063.06 2,902.13 4,617.35 5,335.20 6,330.84

Uygur 683.86 1,140.14 1,623.91 2,489.83 3,895.28 4,655.39 5,457.25

Uzbek 685.98 1,152.77 1,641.33 2,511.06 3,927.54 4,688.36 5,495.42

Va 543.21 1,026.46 1,510.96 2,092.58 3,443.53 4,033.96 4,819.33

Xibe 800.79 1,640.99 2,220.49 3,452.70 5,546.06 6,459.58 7,728.56

Yao 667.82 1,502.80 2,062.16 2,799.48 4,411.85 5,049.32 5,877.84

Yi 536.40 1,068.62 1,597.36 2,253.08 3,659.09 4,244.00 5,083.16

Yugur 445.72 907.47 1,458.91 2,033.33 3,071.89 3,533.85 4,042.21

Zhuang 647.55 1,462.66 1,908.62 2,555.24 4,062.60 4,644.72 5,373.48


Table 5.25 Per capita annual net income of rural households by sources (yuan)

Ethnicgroup

Netincome


Income fromhouseholdoperations


Incomefromtransfers

Nationalaverage

6,977.29 2,963.43 3,221.98 228.57 563.32

Achang 4,761.08 1,170.42 2,970.71 219.48 400.47

Bai 4,862.03 1,399.54 2,855.62 197.65 409.22

Baonan 4,012.33 1,553.06 1,955.27 86.79 417.23

Blang 4,773.00 1,181.14 2,970.52 219.46 401.88

Buyi 4,334.23 1,806.15 2,053.94 72.95 401.20

Dai 4,760.82 1,173.14 2,966.80 219.31 401.58

Daur 7,011.71 1,491.99 4,345.53 404.44 769.75

Deang 4,739.01 1,153.17 2,966.98 219.11 399.75

Derung 5,214.96 1,510.92 3,035.03 224.22 444.80

Dong 5,226.00 2,324.94 2,385.02 88.64 427.40

Dongxiang 4,095.29 1,487.87 2,094.50 90.40 422.54

Ewenki 6,841.02 1,491.26 4,211.44 361.64 776.69

Gaoshan 7,306.48 3,138.09 3,365.82 236.52 566.04

Gelao 4,280.37 1,793.40 2,019.33 68.80 398.86

Han 7,636.87 3,507.61 3,264.51 266.32 598.43

Hani 4,758.37 1,168.54 2,969.01 219.75 401.07

Hezhe 7,707.04 1,802.62 4,596.18 529.53 778.71

Hui 6,222.49 2,488.97 2,979.52 206.82 547.19

Jing 5,351.26 1,923.31 2,992.63 59.87 375.44

Jingpo 4,757.41 1,171.30 2,966.53 219.33 400.25

Jino 4,753.31 1,164.51 2,967.17 219.91 401.72

Kazak 5,443.11 812.48 3,879.85 147.55 603.22

Kirgiz 5,471.01 820.34 3,893.77 151.66 605.24

Korean 7,750.06 1,929.72 4,691.44 415.37 713.54

Lahu 4,764.43 1,173.08 2,971.56 219.26 400.53

Lhoba 5,077.31 1,182.77 3,132.78 124.72 637.04

Li 6,370.28 2,025.54 3,732.96 88.55 523.22

Lisu 4,799.80 1,211.69 2,965.40 217.28 405.43

Manchu 7,966.53 2,980.94 4,020.53 316.07 648.99

Maonan 4,994.32 1,857.44 2,706.62 54.67 375.59

Miao 5,217.26 2,204.91 2,462.13 107.84 442.39(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Netincome


Income fromhouseholdoperations


Incomefromtransfers

Monba 5,101.39 1,190.41 3,112.29 131.02 667.66

Mongol 6,891.96 1,759.84 4,081.99 319.57 730.57

Mulao 5,245.38 1,945.46 2,863.01 60.05 376.85

Naxi 4,808.12 1,217.28 2,964.33 218.18 408.33

Nu 4,800.46 1,196.96 2,978.36 218.92 406.23

Oroqen 7,270.46 1,634.41 4,418.92 443.38 773.76

Pumi 4,779.27 1,184.75 2,971.65 219.85 403.01

Qiang 6,136.66 2,657.54 2,762.64 142.09 574.39

Russian 6,178.10 1,318.93 3,917.49 246.76 694.92

Salar 4,631.66 1,764.31 2,140.17 101.58 625.62

She 9,318.52 4,411.71 4,017.21 328.62 560.99

Shui 4,330.27 1,777.59 2,082.09 71.50 399.10

Tajik 5,502.08 892.99 3,855.51 150.44 603.14

Tatar 5,517.46 978.35 3,773.57 158.16 607.37

Tibetan 5,079.77 1,625.84 2,733.64 118.35 601.93

Tu 4,763.20 1,889.17 2,151.67 110.43 611.95

Tujia 6,330.84 2,837.88 2,891.54 114.00 487.42

Uygur 5,457.25 823.39 3,881.69 148.28 603.89

Uzbek 5,495.42 872.82 3,865.66 151.62 605.32

Va 4,819.33 1,217.09 2,980.08 219.08 403.08

Xibe 7,728.56 2,670.19 4,174.87 255.91 627.59

Yao 5,877.84 2,475.11 2,877.45 110.19 415.08

Yi 5,083.16 1,646.19 2,807.33 181.10 448.54

Yugur 4,042.21 1,596.91 1,936.81 92.54 415.96

Zhuang 5,373.48 1,936.71 2,989.87 72.66 374.24


Table 5.26 Per capita consumption expenditure of rural households (yuan) (I)

Ethnicgroup

Consumptionexpenditure

Food Clothing Residence Household facilitiesand articles

Nationalaverage

5,221.13 2,107.34 341.34 961.45 308.88

Achang 4,021.88 1,889.73 210.78 706.60 209.93

Bai 4,067.22 1,903.17 213.65 722.35 218.22

Baonan 3,734.51 1,560.16 255.84 632.62 201.69

Blang 4,028.08 1,891.21 211.65 707.07 210.79

Buyi 3,583.80 1,691.43 194.16 660.96 199.57

Dai 4,021.65 1,890.36 210.87 706.04 210.14

Daur 5,440.50 2,060.87 423.13 882.68 235.72

Deang 4,009.46 1,885.58 210.13 704.63 209.10

Derung 4,260.11 1,935.15 240.57 745.63 225.77

Dong 4,201.32 1,927.82 211.20 805.17 247.71

Dongxiang 3,758.05 1,556.24 261.64 648.13 199.09

Ewenki 5,531.54 2,087.97 403.37 890.96 245.66

Gaoshan 5,269.16 2,125.16 345.98 980.86 313.10

Gelao 3,544.83 1,680.88 190.83 654.83 197.37

Han 5,600.30 2,241.87 362.09 1,020.30 332.88

Hani 4,021.28 1,889.51 210.88 706.21 209.95

Hezhe 5,447.44 2,097.58 468.27 873.25 228.54

Hui 4,867.25 1,857.44 358.15 952.61 283.13

Jing 4,275.70 1,879.59 138.66 1,001.83 243.80

Jingpo 4,019.13 1,888.80 210.64 706.53 209.74

Jino 4,017.16 1,888.88 210.62 705.23 209.63

Kazak 4,399.23 1,590.72 371.89 1,024.59 198.88

Kirgiz 4,412.34 1,596.48 373.20 1,023.67 199.14

Korean 5,423.20 1,988.16 423.54 938.26 239.30

Lahu 4,022.80 1,888.75 211.34 706.67 210.42

Lhoba 2,959.84 1,452.81 331.66 384.23 195.74

Li 4,164.63 2,123.88 144.82 704.21 179.38

Lisu 4,039.95 1,895.40 213.24 707.40 212.70

Manchu 5,386.25 2,013.49 426.83 952.66 258.37

Maonan 4,040.03 1,810.20 146.81 910.65 229.24

Miao 4,170.20 1,924.54 219.45 764.79 247.07

Monba 2,930.23 1,449.85 335.17 367.71 196.03(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Consumptionexpenditure

Food Clothing Residence Household facilitiesand articles

Mongol 5,416.38 2,043.42 397.75 902.30 248.77

Mulao 4,209.38 1,865.24 141.76 973.07 239.03

Naxi 4,041.89 1,896.53 214.21 707.05 212.81

Nu 4,028.02 1,888.80 214.69 705.80 211.29

Oroqen 5,479.54 2,088.62 436.14 878.35 236.21

Pumi 4,032.16 1,891.38 212.27 708.24 210.89

Qiang 4,681.73 2,160.85 282.43 730.82 300.74

Russian 4,956.46 1,824.87 389.06 994.45 229.62

Salar 4,464.86 1,705.95 338.66 1,034.39 263.31

She 6,959.20 3,005.77 436.62 1,139.89 380.65

Shui 3,586.03 1,688.82 190.66 669.40 199.94

Tajik 4,427.03 1,610.71 370.43 1,021.56 202.63

Tatar 4,449.55 1,623.03 369.94 1,015.95 205.67

Tibetan 3,694.68 1,668.60 313.65 614.18 233.39

Tu 4,509.54 1,753.27 332.26 1,018.95 264.56

Tujia 4,780.04 2,098.59 265.18 878.78 318.35

Uygur 4,406.33 1,593.95 372.12 1,025.48 199.48

Uzbek 4,429.25 1,608.16 371.16 1,027.08 201.34

Va 4,049.35 1,893.55 214.17 711.65 213.36

Xibe 5,262.50 2,023.83 433.08 907.40 226.69

Yao 4,649.29 2,094.28 181.45 988.41 267.52

Yi 4,148.23 1,939.79 228.45 706.86 233.53

Yugur 3,745.35 1,567.21 254.39 625.02 202.39

Zhuang 4,301.87 1,904.89 138.51 1,000.78 242.30


Table 5.27 Per capita consumption expenditure of rural households (yuan) (II)

Ethnicgroup

Transport andcommunications

Education, cultureand recreation

Health care andmedical services

Others

Nationalaverage

547.03 396.36 436.75 121.99

Achang 396.03 243.83 311.19 53.78

Bai 391.13 246.91 312.69 59.10

Baonan 376.80 289.99 339.97 77.46

Blang 396.73 244.84 311.84 53.96

Buyi 322.68 196.30 257.89 60.80

Dai 395.62 243.50 311.38 53.74

Daur 668.63 493.83 542.17 133.44

Deang 394.27 242.31 310.18 53.26

Derung 428.65 280.22 336.64 67.48

Dong 367.68 250.74 309.75 81.22

Dongxiang 385.86 286.11 343.91 77.07

Ewenki 712.66 519.15 537.08 134.67

Gaoshan 549.76 395.73 430.87 127.68

Gelao 316.29 191.37 253.30 59.94

Han 592.90 444.50 471.68 134.08

Hani 395.91 243.92 311.24 53.67

Hezhe 591.06 472.06 575.77 140.90

Hui 517.12 356.40 429.00 113.39

Jing 394.35 230.37 307.33 79.77

Jingpo 395.51 243.26 310.86 53.78

Jino 395.06 243.11 311.07 53.56

Kazak 530.39 230.29 377.06 75.41

Kirgiz 531.61 232.87 379.26 76.11

Korean 583.09 477.02 621.48 152.34

Lahu 396.18 244.09 311.54 53.81

Lhoba 365.61 71.50 96.96 61.33

Li 371.75 226.36 290.74 123.49

Lisu 397.29 244.99 314.39 54.53

Manchu 586.81 490.32 513.79 143.98

Maonan 368.06 213.30 288.56 73.22

Miao 371.51 253.00 313.04 76.79

Monba 366.75 64.01 89.57 61.14(continued)



Ethnicgroup




Others

Mongol 675.19 498.91 517.55 132.46

Mulao 387.29 223.84 300.83 78.31

Naxi 397.82 244.66 314.03 54.78

Nu 398.94 243.88 309.95 54.67

Oroqen 650.96 496.57 555.04 137.65

Pumi 397.20 245.29 312.60 54.29

Qiang 432.61 278.21 412.89 83.18

Russian 610.60 356.99 448.24 102.62

Salar 448.04 271.16 317.93 85.42

She 817.48 542.56 469.96 166.27

Shui 322.05 197.03 257.62 60.51

Tajik 530.30 235.82 378.66 76.91

Tatar 530.31 243.82 382.32 78.51

Tibetan 394.14 171.17 228.70 70.85

Tu 451.74 279.07 321.73 87.98

Tujia 410.62 321.08 382.38 105.05

Uygur 530.99 231.07 377.55 75.68

Uzbek 532.16 233.94 378.65 76.76

Va 400.16 247.15 314.37 54.93

Xibe 576.12 485.24 475.46 134.68

Yao 418.91 270.19 335.42 93.11

Yi 396.81 247.37 332.93 62.50

Yugur 377.59 295.60 344.55 78.61

Zhuang 398.55 229.52 307.27 80.05


Table 5.28 Per capita cash consumption expenditure of rural households (yuan) (I)

Ethnicgroup

Cash consumptionexpenditure

Food Clothing Residence Householdfacilities andarticles

NationalAverage

4,733.35 1,651.29 341.07 930.24 308.64

Achang 3,231.40 1,156.93 210.78 649.12 209.74

Bai 3,277.79 1,165.94 213.63 670.36 218.02

Baonan 3,216.80 1,068.99 255.68 606.43 201.49

Blang 3,238.14 1,158.74 211.64 649.79 210.60

Buyi 2,810.87 939.58 194.15 639.90 199.56

Dai 3,230.26 1,156.51 210.87 648.69 209.95

Daur 4,906.78 1,611.24 422.72 799.34 235.39

Deang 3,217.06 1,150.99 210.12 647.02 208.90

Derung 3,528.27 1,257.11 240.51 692.09 225.57

Dong 3,431.58 1,187.98 211.14 775.52 247.54

Dongxiang 3,244.17 1,071.77 261.23 619.61 198.61

Ewenki 4,900.51 1,545.34 402.99 803.08 245.52

Gaoshan 4,818.46 1,712.63 345.85 943.00 312.94

Gelao 2,767.33 924.04 190.83 634.19 197.37

Han 5,142.36 1,815.95 361.87 988.70 332.70

Hani 3,229.99 1,155.91 210.87 648.71 209.76

Hezhe 5,125.41 1,851.43 468.22 797.64 228.31

Hui 4,404.97 1,420.97 357.68 927.76 282.66

Jing 3,592.10 1,250.07 138.65 947.77 243.79

Jingpo 3,228.54 1,155.87 210.64 649.06 209.55

Jino 3,225.12 1,154.60 210.62 647.66 209.44

Kazak 3,891.16 1,139.30 368.18 975.77 194.75

Kirgiz 3,906.15 1,147.25 369.52 974.47 195.05

Korean 5,045.28 1,696.50 423.51 852.09 239.24

Lahu 3,233.00 1,156.53 211.34 649.28 210.23

Lhoba 2,449.56 947.31 331.50 379.69 195.65

Li 3,759.64 1,762.05 144.81 661.06 179.37

Lisu 3,251.32 1,163.10 213.23 651.27 212.51

Manchu 5,066.58 1,737.22 426.76 909.39 258.32

Maonan 3,327.53 1,143.09 146.80 865.26 229.23

Miao 3,400.60 1,185.83 219.39 734.14 246.91(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Cash consumptionexpenditure

Food Clothing Residence Householdfacilities andarticles

Monba 2,425.27 947.90 335.04 364.86 195.99

Mongol 4,828.86 1,532.43 397.34 826.41 248.56

Mulao 3,514.98 1,222.00 141.76 921.92 239.03

Naxi 3,254.23 1,165.04 214.21 651.07 212.62

Nu 3,244.82 1,162.15 214.68 649.45 211.10

Oroqen 5,005.57 1,696.60 435.93 796.78 236.03

Pumi 3,243.58 1,160.22 212.26 651.02 210.70

Qiang 3,933.35 1,426.81 282.42 716.57 300.65

Russian 4,410.97 1,345.03 386.77 933.54 227.20

Salar 3,866.69 1,116.55 337.93 1,026.99 262.67

She 6,540.20 2,622.95 436.48 1,103.91 380.58

Shui 2,812.62 937.86 190.65 646.99 199.93

Tajik 3,918.79 1,158.39 366.84 973.22 198.64

Tatar 3,944.84 1,172.88 366.50 968.64 201.85

Tibetan 3,102.32 1,085.15 313.44 605.64 233.22

Tu 3,910.00 1,164.61 331.64 1,009.18 264.05

Tujia 4,042.22 1,385.56 264.82 854.64 318.08

Uygur 3,898.40 1,142.66 368.41 976.66 195.37

Uzbek 3,921.63 1,157.02 367.51 978.30 197.29

Va 3,266.35 1,167.34 214.16 655.06 213.17

Xibe 4,897.66 1,701.77 432.38 866.10 225.92

Yao 3,926.89 1,425.22 181.42 935.28 267.34

Yi 3,370.63 1,203.77 228.44 665.44 233.39

Yugur 3,232.77 1,081.53 254.30 598.35 202.26

Zhuang 3,613.28 1,273.17 138.50 943.93 242.27


Table 5.29 Per capita cash consumption expenditure of rural households (yuan) (II)

Ethnicgroup




Others

Nationalaverage

547.03 396.36 436.75 121.98

Achang 396.03 243.83 311.19 53.78

Bai 391.13 246.91 312.69 59.10

Baonan 376.80 289.99 339.97 77.46

Blang 396.73 244.84 311.84 53.96

Buyi 322.68 196.30 257.89 60.80

Dai 395.62 243.50 311.38 53.74

Daur 668.63 493.83 542.17 133.44

Deang 394.27 242.31 310.18 53.26

Derung 428.65 280.22 336.64 67.48

Dong 367.68 250.74 309.75 81.22

Dongxiang 385.86 286.11 343.91 77.07

Ewenki 712.66 519.15 537.08 134.67

Gaoshan 549.76 395.73 430.87 127.67

Gelao 316.29 191.37 253.30 59.94

Han 592.90 444.50 471.68 134.07

Hani 395.91 243.92 311.24 53.67

Hezhe 591.06 472.06 575.77 140.89

Hui 517.12 356.40 429.00 113.38

Jing 394.35 230.37 307.33 79.77

Jingpo 395.51 243.26 310.86 53.78

Jino 395.06 243.11 311.07 53.56

Kazak 530.39 230.29 377.06 75.41

Kirgiz 531.61 232.87 379.26 76.11

Korean 583.09 477.02 621.48 152.34

Lahu 396.18 244.09 311.54 53.81

Lhoba 365.61 71.50 96.96 61.33

Li 371.75 226.36 290.74 123.49

Lisu 397.29 244.99 314.39 54.53

Manchu 586.81 490.32 513.79 143.97

Maonan 368.06 213.30 288.56 73.22

Miao 371.51 253.00 313.04 76.79

Monba 366.75 64.01 89.57 61.14(continued)



Ethnicgroup




Others

Mongol 675.19 498.91 517.55 132.46

Mulao 387.29 223.84 300.83 78.31

Naxi 397.82 244.66 314.03 54.78

Nu 398.94 243.88 309.95 54.67

Oroqen 650.96 496.57 555.04 137.65

Pumi 397.20 245.29 312.60 54.29

Qiang 432.61 278.21 412.89 83.18

Russian 610.60 356.99 448.24 102.62

Salar 448.04 271.16 317.93 85.42

She 817.48 542.56 469.96 166.27

Shui 322.05 197.03 257.62 60.51

Tajik 530.30 235.82 378.66 76.91

Tatar 530.31 243.82 382.32 78.51

Tibetan 394.14 171.17 228.70 70.85

Tu 451.74 279.07 321.73 87.98

Tujia 410.62 321.08 382.38 105.05

Uygur 530.99 231.07 377.55 75.68

Uzbek 532.16 233.94 378.65 76.76

Va 400.16 247.15 314.37 54.93

Xibe 576.12 485.24 475.46 134.67

Yao 418.91 270.19 335.42 93.11

Yi 396.81 247.37 332.93 62.50

Yugur 377.59 295.60 344.55 78.61

Zhuang 398.55 229.52 307.27 80.05


Table 5.30 Per capita consumption of major foods by rural households (kg) (I)

Ethnic group Grain Vegetables Edible oil Pork, beef and mutton Poultry


Achang 171.46 100.36 4.49 28.30 5.28

Bai 172.19 103.02 4.75 27.07 5.04

Baonan 192.05 50.69 6.12 14.76 1.49

Blang 171.49 100.44 4.51 28.26 5.27

Buyi 161.30 109.46 4.45 23.21 2.38

Dai 171.50 100.50 4.50 28.33 5.28

Daur 163.12 71.46 7.44 20.06 3.52

Deang 171.64 100.40 4.48 28.35 5.26

Derung 171.25 98.65 5.09 26.08 5.03

Dong 173.77 111.57 5.70 21.10 4.52

Dongxiang 195.69 52.79 6.72 14.47 1.59

Ewenki 163.51 66.46 5.35 24.32 3.58

Gaoshan 163.52 89.00 7.18 15.30 4.93

Gelao 161.24 109.97 4.42 23.24 2.33

Han 165.17 92.54 7.63 15.96 4.89

Hani 171.51 100.43 4.49 28.32 5.27

Hezhe 153.37 84.48 11.25 11.49 3.76

Hui 178.56 76.68 7.60 14.96 3.47

Jing 177.96 89.30 5.62 17.16 10.08

Jingpo 171.52 100.41 4.50 28.28 5.27

Jino 171.55 100.54 4.49 28.35 5.27

Kazak 236.25 77.89 12.74 14.58 2.85

Kirgiz 235.46 77.99 12.74 14.55 2.86

Korean 164.97 108.52 9.39 13.18 3.78

Lahu 171.44 100.35 4.50 28.26 5.26

Lhoba 238.58 21.66 7.31 18.37 0.40

Li 142.02 71.11 5.74 17.98 13.79

Lisu 171.32 100.72 4.55 28.23 5.27

Manchu 166.72 99.69 8.93 13.90 2.18

Maonan 173.55 94.54 5.24 18.68 8.10

Miao 171.79 111.98 5.59 22.37 4.35

Monba 241.25 17.69 7.30 18.47 0.31

Mongol 167.13 73.65 5.82 22.61 3.23(continued)



Ethnic group Grain Vegetables Edible oil Pork, beef and mutton Poultry

Mulao 176.26 91.38 5.46 17.77 9.40

Naxi 171.58 100.43 4.56 28.22 5.26

Nu 172.51 99.04 4.57 28.05 5.20

Oroqen 158.40 75.33 8.34 17.78 3.62

Pumi 171.49 100.33 4.52 28.22 5.27

Qiang 166.32 114.05 6.28 26.57 5.91

Russian 204.86 74.30 9.67 18.39 3.16

Salar 186.37 51.56 3.82 21.42 1.68

She 164.49 88.02 7.43 18.62 6.98

Shui 161.97 108.83 4.46 23.09 2.63

Tajik 234.01 78.54 12.57 14.64 2.94

Tatar 231.45 77.45 12.30 14.70 2.89

Tibetan 207.45 50.46 6.04 21.08 2.02

Tu 184.33 54.19 3.82 21.49 2.01

Tujia 175.40 124.41 7.22 20.35 4.48

Uygur 236.07 78.03 12.74 14.58 2.86

Uzbek 234.95 78.15 12.64 14.65 2.96

Va 171.21 100.20 4.58 27.98 5.24

Xibe 182.28 102.72 9.73 14.85 2.02

Yao 183.58 99.80 6.21 18.86 9.13

Yi 168.92 105.22 4.98 27.26 5.11

Yugur 191.04 50.89 6.15 14.53 1.53

Zhuang 178.30 89.33 5.55 17.80 10.24


Table 5.31 Per capita consumption of major foods by rural households (kg) (II)

Ethnic group Eggs and processed products Aquatic products Sugar Liquor

National average 5.40 5.36 1.04 10.15

Achang 2.49 1.82 1.01 8.16

Bai 2.61 2.08 0.98 8.04

Baonan 3.34 0.46 1.06 7.86

Blang 2.51 1.83 1.01 8.18

Buyi 2.05 0.82 0.70 7.69

Dai 2.49 1.81 1.01 8.17

Daur 5.54 3.00 0.87 15.87

Deang 2.47 1.77 1.01 8.14

Derung 3.18 2.42 1.01 8.70

Dong 2.87 3.23 0.84 7.75

Dongxiang 3.36 0.46 1.01 7.48

Ewenki 5.31 2.61 0.91 13.22

Gaoshan 5.87 5.84 1.01 10.45

Gelao 2.00 0.74 0.70 7.60

Han 6.03 6.36 1.01 10.75

Hani 2.49 1.80 1.01 8.17

Hezhe 6.42 4.56 0.85 22.94

Hui 4.98 2.53 0.95 7.62

Jing 1.97 4.08 0.92 9.85

Jingpo 2.49 1.81 1.01 8.15

Jino 2.49 1.79 1.01 8.18

Kazak 2.97 0.65 0.40 1.62

Kirgiz 3.00 0.69 0.41 1.84

Korean 8.08 4.60 0.73 19.98

Lahu 2.51 1.81 1.01 8.16

Lhoba 0.89 0.47 2.46 4.54

Li 1.80 16.00 0.69 6.62

Lisu 2.57 1.82 1.01 8.21

Manchu 8.11 4.53 0.75 15.53

Maonan 1.89 3.05 0.85 9.18

Miao 2.98 3.02 0.91 8.13

Monba 0.78 0.38 2.54 4.40




Ethnic group Eggs and processed products Aquatic products Sugar Liquor

Mulao 1.92 3.76 0.89 9.52

Naxi 2.55 1.83 1.02 8.21

Nu 2.50 1.85 1.03 8.15

Oroqen 5.90 3.57 0.88 18.18

Pumi 2.52 1.83 1.01 8.19

Qiang 4.68 2.61 1.14 9.38

Russian 4.08 1.65 0.63 6.29

Salar 1.84 0.65 1.13 4.56

She 4.78 14.15 1.47 15.46

Shui 2.02 0.84 0.71 7.71

Tajik 3.06 0.83 0.43 1.93

Tatar 3.12 0.87 0.45 2.25

Tibetan 2.03 0.86 1.79 5.79

Tu 1.97 1.14 1.14 4.97

Tujia 4.42 5.70 1.02 9.56

Uygur 2.98 0.67 0.40 1.65

Uzbek 3.00 0.81 0.41 1.76

Va 2.62 1.87 1.01 8.21

Xibe 7.15 4.27 0.60 13.00

Yao 2.75 5.37 1.00 8.50

Yi 3.05 1.90 1.01 8.45

Yugur 3.44 0.51 1.06 8.12

Zhuang 1.93 4.20 0.93 9.60


Table 5.32 Ownership of durable consumer goods per 100 rural households at year-end (I)

Ethnicgroup

Washingmachine(set)

Refrigerator(set)

Airconditioner(set)

Exhaustfan (set)

Bicycle(unit)

Motorcycle(unit)

Nationalaverage

62.57 61.54 22.58 13.23 77.11 60.85

Achang 51.13 27.78 0.69 4.16 24.21 60.22

Bai 52.96 32.71 2.65 4.14 22.87 58.02

Baonan 74.21 29.94 0.42 3.22 68.76 68.77

Blang 51.25 28.02 0.85 4.19 24.36 60.10

Buyi 62.18 40.94 2.50 1.90 8.66 37.76

Dai 51.21 27.90 0.69 4.13 24.04 60.09

Daur 78.79 77.83 2.49 8.42 47.95 67.40

Deang 51.12 27.60 0.47 4.06 23.83 60.18

Derung 55.13 36.05 4.28 5.49 32.98 60.30

Dong 57.73 53.40 10.54 3.93 19.80 51.66

Dongxiang 73.71 31.02 0.39 3.32 70.04 69.05

Ewenki 77.66 80.43 2.79 8.19 47.92 72.68

Gaoshan 70.34 68.76 28.49 13.17 82.22 63.27

Gelao 62.21 40.73 2.05 1.61 7.45 37.35

Han 70.47 69.71 31.41 15.35 85.00 60.72

Hani 51.17 27.76 0.68 4.15 24.12 60.12

Hezhe 81.18 73.25 4.95 10.40 48.62 55.01

Hui 78.93 60.18 15.27 9.72 87.24 66.42

Jing 31.61 55.27 9.40 3.63 47.55 84.95

Jingpo 51.19 27.82 0.65 4.14 24.17 60.19

Jino 51.16 27.75 0.59 4.11 23.84 60.11

Kazak 72.78 63.86 1.09 4.61 62.62 77.16

Kirgiz 72.86 64.05 1.13 4.67 62.45 76.96

Korean 82.60 73.83 4.14 8.09 52.70 62.86

Lahu 51.28 27.90 0.76 4.15 24.44 60.11

Lhoba 26.60 32.70 2.27 1.16 11.67 74.31

Li 17.63 31.48 10.81 2.72 35.62 98.27

Lisu 51.80 28.92 0.98 4.14 24.53 59.67

Manchu 82.57 77.43 12.30 11.59 90.29 60.70

Maonan 39.37 51.32 6.87 2.75 36.27 72.60

Miao 58.14 50.85 9.68 3.95 18.72 50.18(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Washingmachine(set)

Refrigerator(set)

Airconditioner(set)

Exhaustfan (set)

Bicycle(unit)

Motorcycle(unit)

Monba 24.87 31.59 2.48 1.17 11.09 74.94

Mongol 78.12 78.83 4.38 8.19 55.52 71.00

Mulao 34.77 54.04 8.89 3.53 43.57 80.50

Naxi 51.63 28.92 1.10 4.20 24.23 59.68

Nu 50.92 28.31 1.11 4.30 24.63 60.39

Oroqen 79.59 77.08 3.58 9.19 48.81 63.85

Pumi 51.37 28.16 0.86 4.20 24.52 60.11

Qiang 69.48 65.68 10.71 3.58 26.63 44.43

Russian 75.11 70.75 4.68 7.30 60.24 73.94

Salar 86.58 69.46 1.65 3.44 28.99 79.57

She 61.81 83.04 53.21 33.80 62.91 71.31

Shui 61.07 40.95 2.38 1.76 9.68 39.32

Tajik 72.47 64.01 1.90 4.84 62.85 76.64

Tatar 72.88 62.95 2.61 5.26 63.91 75.93

Tibetan 52.24 47.36 3.15 1.95 20.94 68.61

Tu 84.77 67.82 3.37 4.18 31.04 78.77

Tujia 59.40 67.80 21.40 7.77 27.10 56.67

Uygur 72.76 63.98 1.23 4.66 62.69 77.11

Uzbek 72.43 63.92 1.77 4.89 62.88 77.11

Va 51.74 28.82 1.20 4.31 25.93 60.06

Xibe 78.15 74.96 3.56 9.56 74.75 65.11

Yao 40.87 58.92 14.87 5.64 42.75 79.79

Yi 57.49 39.71 3.56 3.68 22.96 53.22

Yugur 73.86 28.81 0.95 3.52 70.80 68.13

Zhuang 31.75 53.98 9.48 3.93 47.76 86.08


Table 5.33 Ownership of durable consumer goods per 100 rural households at year-end (II)

Ethnicgroup

Telephone(unit)


Black andwhite TV set(set)

ColorTV set(set)

Camera(set)

Computer(set)

Nationalaverage

43.11 179.74 1.66 115.46 4.55 17.96

Achang 15.09 193.98 0.68 101.30 3.23 4.25

Bai 16.76 189.61 0.77 101.31 3.04 4.85

Baonan 31.20 178.03 1.90 104.31 1.81 8.90

Blang 15.24 193.89 0.69 101.38 3.24 4.31

Buyi 19.30 159.53 0.42 95.33 1.63 4.92

Dai 15.12 193.86 0.69 101.31 3.23 4.23

Daur 25.13 191.31 1.02 108.36 3.01 11.66

Deang 14.91 193.94 0.68 101.20 3.22 4.14

Derung 20.95 191.52 0.85 103.36 3.39 6.66

Dong 24.56 173.45 1.09 101.61 2.08 7.71

Dongxiang 30.89 174.02 2.12 103.94 1.83 9.02

Ewenki 19.46 198.31 0.96 107.78 3.04 10.10

Gaoshan 42.15 194.64 1.31 115.88 4.77 18.59

Gelao 19.03 158.83 0.39 94.83 1.55 4.72

Han 46.15 192.29 1.69 117.46 5.05 20.13

Hani 15.07 193.93 0.68 101.32 3.24 4.23

Hezhe 38.61 184.02 0.73 111.74 3.38 16.45

Hui 37.96 193.70 1.56 111.89 4.14 14.71

Jing 29.69 208.00 1.35 109.29 2.27 9.92

Jingpo 15.09 193.94 0.68 101.27 3.23 4.25

Jino 15.03 193.95 0.68 101.28 3.23 4.20

Kazak 34.02 142.07 4.57 99.08 2.91 9.12

Kirgiz 34.05 142.43 4.53 99.20 2.92 9.19

Korean 42.63 192.75 0.55 114.29 3.14 16.82

Lahu 15.11 193.93 0.68 101.34 3.23 4.27

Lhoba 46.60 126.79 1.55 105.31 1.72 1.79

Li 26.37 192.30 0.59 97.68 1.57 8.45

Lisu 15.62 193.21 0.72 101.45 3.20 4.37

Manchu 60.84 172.83 0.58 114.56 5.19 19.05

Maonan 26.65 194.95 1.08 105.13 1.99 8.35

Miao 24.36 174.25 1.03 101.38 2.21 7.39(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Telephone(unit)


Black andwhite TV set(set)

ColorTV set(set)

Camera(set)

Computer(set)

Monba 47.43 124.77 1.58 105.88 1.75 1.51

Mongol 27.70 192.12 1.01 108.46 3.37 11.18

Mulao 29.05 203.38 1.24 107.78 2.21 9.56

Naxi 15.80 192.98 0.73 101.52 3.23 4.39

Nu 15.92 192.92 0.71 101.63 3.25 4.40

Oroqen 29.26 190.79 0.83 109.79 3.14 13.24

Pumi 15.35 193.81 0.69 101.41 3.24 4.34

Qiang 33.43 169.02 2.28 105.21 2.10 8.00

Russian 30.08 166.06 3.05 103.77 3.54 10.66

Salar 43.90 214.63 1.51 104.25 3.55 6.09

She 61.48 216.35 1.19 138.29 7.70 29.79

Shui 19.28 161.11 0.44 95.60 1.63 4.91

Tajik 34.35 143.63 4.47 99.55 2.95 9.39

Tatar 34.56 145.50 4.34 100.02 3.15 9.72

Tibetan 41.56 160.05 1.69 104.74 2.14 4.11

Tu 43.69 214.56 1.42 104.99 3.56 6.83

Tujia 34.59 184.37 1.58 108.09 2.77 11.71

Uygur 34.08 142.19 4.56 99.15 2.93 9.17

Uzbek 34.26 143.28 4.51 99.41 3.00 9.37

Va 15.66 193.76 0.71 101.53 3.25 4.57

Xibe 67.42 154.05 1.23 109.93 5.13 15.56

Yao 31.08 203.29 1.53 109.09 2.67 10.91

Yi 20.57 183.09 1.09 101.66 2.73 5.31

Yugur 30.97 177.82 1.87 104.64 1.88 9.29

Zhuang 29.82 209.83 1.32 109.14 2.38 10.00


Table 5.34 Housing conditions of rural households

Ethnic group Per capita floorspace of houses(m2/person)

Value ofhouses(yuan/m2)

House structures (m2/person)

Reinforced concretestructure

Brick and woodstructure

National average 36.24 654.37 16.48 15.92

Achang 30.96 574.59 8.91 7.22

Bai 31.96 561.72 10.05 9.17

Baonan 23.93 532.08 4.04 9.59

Blang 31.02 574.19 8.96 7.27

Buyi 29.89 531.28 11.34 14.49

Dai 30.99 574.11 8.94 7.23

Daur 24.96 610.87 1.58 18.00

Deang 30.92 573.37 8.83 7.17

Derung 31.44 586.38 9.66 9.22

Dong 35.53 503.31 16.23 16.25

Dongxiang 23.97 528.02 3.94 9.82

Ewenki 24.80 532.47 1.83 17.13

Gaoshan 36.74 667.31 18.56 15.82

Gelao 29.71 527.81 11.23 14.55

Han 37.68 683.00 18.16 16.68

Hani 30.98 574.55 8.90 7.22

Hezhe 25.88 817.03 2.03 20.37

Hui 30.08 607.60 8.29 15.75

Jing 34.86 474.08 26.50 6.19

Jingpo 30.94 574.18 8.90 7.23

Jino 30.95 574.47 8.87 7.20

Kazak 26.15 453.40 2.32 13.47

Kirgiz 26.15 456.87 2.32 13.55

Korean 25.91 687.09 2.08 21.92

Lahu 31.00 573.85 8.93 7.25

Lhoba 29.10 346.64 2.08 14.27

Li 24.65 826.16 11.24 13.11

Lisu 31.16 571.94 9.10 7.46

Manchu 29.31 779.00 6.17 21.64

Maonan 33.30 481.66 22.56 8.29

Miao 34.91 514.89 14.91 15.36

Monba 29.08 348.34 1.58 14.34(continued)



Ethnic group Per capita floorspace of houses(m2/person)

Value ofhouses(yuan/m2)

House structures (m2/person)

Reinforced concretestructure

Brick and woodstructure

Mongol 26.05 554.01 3.22 17.56

Mulao 34.21 479.58 25.08 7.01

Naxi 31.18 573.10 9.11 7.46

Nu 31.06 572.52 8.95 7.40

Oroqen 25.36 672.65 1.94 18.82

Pumi 31.01 574.70 8.95 7.30

Qiang 37.65 492.58 16.63 14.62

Russian 26.37 516.27 2.88 15.22

Salar 26.62 477.84 2.87 11.45

She 49.98 857.49 35.64 11.79

Shui 29.98 526.68 11.69 14.15

Tajik 26.49 459.64 2.83 13.56

Tatar 26.42 475.73 2.82 13.54

Tibetan 30.05 414.33 5.47 13.16

Tu 27.16 492.25 4.01 11.35

Tujia 41.28 499.89 19.85 18.10

Uygur 26.21 454.26 2.39 13.50

Uzbek 26.34 460.47 2.66 13.48

Va 31.11 573.47 9.06 7.50

Xibe 28.28 746.83 5.61 19.99

Yao 37.28 490.91 23.72 10.73

Yi 32.67 546.31 11.29 10.08

Yugur 23.96 542.07 4.26 9.59

Zhuang 34.48 480.93 25.93 5.79


Table 5.35 Per capita electricity consumption (kwh)

Ethnic group 2000 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011

Achang 6.50 12.61 18.36 19.61 21.95 26.12

Bai 6.67 12.62 18.24 19.61 21.99 25.90

Baonan 12.05 19.89 27.70 28.95 33.61 38.85

Blang 6.52 12.63 18.38 19.63 21.98 26.15

Buyi 7.80 13.41 19.33 21.61 24.48 27.72

Dai 6.50 12.59 18.33 19.57 21.91 26.08

Daur 11.23 22.71 37.16 38.98 45.54 54.00

Deang 6.49 12.57 18.32 19.57 21.91 26.09

Derung 7.53 14.15 20.45 21.73 24.50 28.77

Dong 7.42 12.76 17.90 19.90 22.65 25.34

Dongxiang 11.64 19.03 26.44 27.73 31.82 36.96

Ewenki 11.03 26.43 46.03 48.27 56.96 68.32

Gaoshan 10.54 18.55 25.51 27.12 31.06 34.76

Gelao 7.79 13.34 19.22 21.52 24.37 27.58

Han 10.93 19.54 26.43 27.90 31.68 35.18

Hani 6.50 12.60 18.36 19.60 21.94 26.11

Hezhe 12.02 15.82 19.53 20.21 22.15 23.94

Hui 14.39 26.60 37.33 39.48 46.45 56.16

Jing 6.84 11.49 16.31 18.26 22.10 24.61

Jingpo 6.51 12.62 18.37 19.61 21.95 26.12

Jino 6.50 12.59 18.33 19.57 21.91 26.08

Kazak 9.91 15.46 22.53 25.41 30.32 38.00

Kirgiz 9.92 15.45 22.50 25.36 30.25 37.89

Korean 12.21 16.56 21.25 22.09 24.70 26.87

Lahu 6.50 12.61 18.36 19.61 21.95 26.12

Lhoba 1.03 1.65 7.18 7.76 8.86 10.16

Li 5.10 10.18 14.67 15.94 18.78 21.61

Lisu 6.50 12.59 18.30 19.55 21.92 26.05

Manchu 15.19 23.35 30.33 32.12 36.39 39.87

Maonan 7.07 11.89 16.94 18.99 22.64 25.29

Miao 7.51 12.80 18.02 19.91 22.61 25.54

Monba 0.78 1.25 6.78 7.29 8.29 9.45

Mongol 11.78 25.92 43.22 45.45 53.64 63.79

Mulao 7.05 11.86 16.80 18.78 22.59 25.13(continued)



Ethnic group 2000 2005 2008 2009 2010 2011

Naxi 6.50 12.57 18.26 19.51 21.87 25.98

Nu 6.46 12.53 18.30 19.53 21.88 26.00

Oroqen 11.53 21.07 32.73 34.22 39.54 46.15

Pumi 6.53 12.64 18.40 19.64 22.00 26.17

Qiang 6.34 11.61 15.07 16.39 19.48 22.02

Russian 10.75 20.17 31.63 34.20 40.39 49.10

Salar 19.58 35.00 51.73 55.32 74.56 89.00

She 11.85 22.55 30.95 32.63 36.99 41.66

Shui 7.71 13.25 19.12 21.38 24.28 27.51

Tajik 9.93 15.53 22.57 25.40 30.27 37.82

Tatar 10.16 15.91 22.98 25.76 30.61 38.04

Tibetan 7.20 12.75 20.53 21.92 28.05 33.00

Tu 19.04 34.17 50.35 53.77 72.06 85.82

Tujia 8.27 12.96 17.63 19.27 22.05 24.41

Uygur 9.91 15.46 22.52 25.40 30.30 37.97

Uzbek 9.94 15.54 22.59 25.45 30.33 37.93

Va 6.58 12.71 18.49 19.74 22.10 26.25

Xibe 15.84 23.47 30.04 31.81 36.55 40.75

Yao 7.20 12.54 17.25 18.96 22.26 24.70

Yi 6.60 12.40 17.57 18.94 21.54 25.18

Yugur 11.88 19.52 27.02 28.16 32.24 37.09

Zhuang 6.95 11.81 16.69 18.57 22.40 24.97


Notes

Data for compilation of the consumer price indices in China are collected by theDepartment of Urban Social and Economic Survey, NBS and the Department ofRural Social and Economic Survey, NBS through a combination of sample surveysand surveys of key units. Areas distributed in different economic regions areselected as the sample areas and representative commodities are selected as thesample commodities. Regular surveys are conducted to collect data on their marketprices. Population parameters are inferred on the basis of the sample data. Atpresent, 500 cities and counties of all provinces, autonomous regions andmunicipalities directly under the central government have been selected for thispurpose.

Data for compilation of the consumer price indices and the retail price indicesin China are collected by the Department of Urban Social and Economic Survey,NBS and the Department of Rural Social and Economic Survey, NBS through acombination of sample surveys and surveys of key units. Areas distributed indifferent economic regions are selected as the sample areas and representativecommodities are selected as the sample commodities. Regular surveys are con-ducted to collect data on their market prices. Population parameters are inferred onthe basis of the sample data. At present, 500 cities and counties of all provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government havebeen selected for this purpose.

Data on the living condition of urban residents come from the data collectedthrough a sample survey on the urban households conducted by the Office ofHousehold Surveys of the NBS. The NBS survey offices in provinces, autonomousregions and municipalities directly under the central government as well as thesurvey offices in selected cities and counties are responsible for collecting data inaccordance with the survey scheme stipulated by the NBS and submitting the datato the offices at higher levels. The survey had covered only non-farm householdsuntil 2001. Starting from 2002, the survey covers the households in district areas ofall city and county towns.

Sample cities and towns in urban areas are selected by using stratified randomsampling method. The selection of sample households in urban areas is done bytwo steps: the first step is to have a one-off large sample survey; the second step isto select a small sample from the large sample to be used as regular samplehouseholds for diaries. The large sample survey is conducted for every 3 years; theobjective is to provide sample frame for regular surveys and basic information fordata evaluation of regular surveys. In the large sample survey, samples in samplecities and towns are selected by systematic sampling method schemes, such astwo-phase sampling and stratifying method, two-stage (multi) method and prob-ability proportional to size (PPS) method. In some large cities, three-stage sam-pling method is used.

The national sample included 66,000 households at the end of 2011.


Data on the living conditions of rural residents come from data collectedthrough the sample survey on rural households, which is organized by the Office ofHousehold Survey of the NBS. Sample survey on rural households is conducted byfirst selecting sampled villages and then selecting households in the selected vil-lages in each province, with all rural households in the province as the population.A combination of various sampling approaches is used to identify a total of 74,000households selected from 7,100 villages throughout the whole country.

It is required that the sampling error should not exceed ±3 %, with a confidenceprobability as 95 %. In order to ensure the accuracy of the survey data on the ruralhouseholds, two accounts are designed for the respondent households by the Officeof Household Survey of the NBS: the cash account and the account on goods inkind. In order to overcome the tedium of respondent households and to ensure thatthe sample is accurately representative over time and reflects the changing ruralsocial and economic situation, a rotation sampling scheme is implemented, and thecomplete cycle of rotation is 5 years.

Data on electricity consumption are provided by the Association of PowerGeneration Enterprises of China.


Chapter 6Social Production and Rural Economy

Table 6.1 Gross output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery (100 millionyuan)

Ethnic groups Total Farming Forestry Animal husbandry Fishery

National total 81,303.9 41,988.6 3,120.7 25,770.7 7,568.0

Achang 1.86 0.90 0.20 0.65 0.05

Bai 99.58 49.45 9.53 34.36 2.88

Baonan 0.82 0.57 0.01 0.16 0.00

Blang 5.02 2.45 0.53 1.75 0.13

Buyi 103.08 57.17 4.40 33.57 2.73

Dai 63.24 30.86 6.66 22.15 1.60

Daur 12.15 6.28 0.47 5.00 0.19

Deang 0.98 0.48 0.10 0.34 0.02

Derung 0.42 0.21 0.04 0.15 0.02

Dong 148.52 79.09 7.27 47.38 8.20

Dongxiang 27.62 19.79 0.44 5.17 0.08

Ewenki 2.82 1.37 0.12 1.24 0.04

Gaoshan 0.31 0.15 0.01 0.10 0.03

Gelao 19.70 10.98 0.81 6.42 0.47

Han 74,098.31 38,155.61 2,774.65 23,381.59 7,163.09

Hani 78.54 38.32 8.29 27.47 1.99

Hezhe 0.40 0.22 0.01 0.15 0.01

Hui 640.76 372.81 18.82 197.21 27.10

Jing 1.66 0.80 0.11 0.54 0.15(continued)


257



Jingpo 7.21 3.52 0.76 2.52 0.18

Jino 1.14 0.56 0.12 0.40 0.03

Kazak 132.16 97.15 2.58 28.06 0.96

Kirgiz 16.99 12.46 0.33 3.63 0.13

Korean 162.16 75.28 5.60 70.63 6.01

Lahu 24.78 12.10 2.61 8.67 0.63

Lhoba 0.13 0.06 0.00 0.06 0.00

Li 158.50 63.81 25.17 33.10 31.92

Lisu 34.78 16.99 3.58 12.26 0.89

Manchu 877.51 384.76 24.95 354.24 82.71

Maonan 6.74 3.33 0.41 2.21 0.55

Miao 441.08 233.73 24.55 142.58 22.13

Monba 0.38 0.17 0.01 0.18 0.00

Mongol 519.27 248.95 20.09 224.42 15.59

Mulao 14.34 6.99 0.91 4.70 1.27

Naxi 16.87 8.23 1.74 5.95 0.43

Nu 1.57 0.77 0.16 0.55 0.04

Oroqen 0.73 0.38 0.03 0.30 0.01

Pumi 1.84 0.90 0.19 0.64 0.05

Qiang 18.30 9.12 0.49 7.86 0.56

Russian 1.52 0.98 0.04 0.45 0.02

Salar 5.23 2.60 0.10 2.37 0.02

She 47.48 20.49 3.68 9.83 11.96

Shui 14.67 8.07 0.66 4.78 0.43

Tajik 4.28 3.13 0.09 0.92 0.04

Tatar 0.50 0.36 0.01 0.11 0.00

Tibetan 261.53 127.65 6.36 117.28 3.04

Tu 11.87 5.82 0.25 5.31 0.14

Tujia 471.54 256.13 17.81 144.80 35.12

Uygur 887.40 651.80 17.35 188.73 6.68

Uzbek 1.30 0.95 0.03 0.28 0.01

Va 21.78 10.66 2.25 7.60 0.59

Xibe 16.87 7.72 0.47 6.26 1.85

Yao 185.97 92.06 11.81 60.02 15.61(continued)

258 6 Social Production and Rural Economy



Yi 417.23 206.92 32.00 155.57 11.15

Yugur 0.67 0.47 0.01 0.13 0.00

Zhuang 1,186.93 572.18 79.99 389.76 107.83

Table 6.2 Indices of gross output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery(preceding year = 100)

Ethnic group Total Farming Forestry Animal husbandry Fishery


Achang 106.04 106.80 112.16 102.53 109.16

Bai 105.43 106.09 111.27 102.18 110.11

Baonan 105.40 106.25 105.56 101.89 111.31

Blang 106.03 106.79 112.15 102.52 109.17

Buyi 101.64 100.15 107.46 101.24 124.06

Dai 106.03 106.80 112.16 102.52 109.15

Daur 105.59 108.45 105.20 102.02 106.89

Deang 106.05 106.81 112.19 102.53 109.19

Derung 105.78 106.71 111.18 102.34 108.88

Dong 102.76 102.77 107.76 100.74 114.80

Dongxiang 105.53 106.39 105.44 101.86 109.42

Ewenki 105.57 108.54 105.31 102.15 107.70

Gaoshan 104.19 105.36 107.27 101.71 106.49

Gelao 101.55 100.01 107.42 101.21 124.48

Han 104.28 105.43 107.19 101.57 106.03

Hani 106.04 106.80 112.17 102.52 109.16

Hezhe 105.34 107.97 105.03 101.69 105.10

Hui 104.82 105.83 107.23 102.09 112.60

Jing 104.69 105.43 111.71 101.38 106.51

Jingpo 106.03 106.78 112.16 102.51 109.19

Jino 106.04 106.81 112.17 102.53 109.17

Kazak 106.86 108.31 105.85 101.98 107.13

Kirgiz 106.85 108.31 105.84 101.98 107.09

Korean 105.22 107.77 106.11 102.13 105.13(continued)

6 Social Production and Rural Economy 259


Ethnic group Total Farming Forestry Animal husbandry Fishery

Lahu 106.04 106.79 112.16 102.52 109.15

Lhoba 103.67 102.96 92.88 105.33 104.86

Li 106.33 105.91 107.24 104.83 108.57

Lisu 106.00 106.77 112.09 102.53 109.08

Manchu 105.25 108.79 106.87 101.37 104.89

Maonan 103.79 103.88 110.65 101.28 111.56

Miao 103.19 103.21 108.29 101.13 114.95

Monba 103.64 102.90 92.12 105.52 104.21

Mongol 105.51 108.48 105.91 102.05 108.26

Mulao 104.28 104.76 111.29 101.27 108.56

Naxi 105.99 106.75 112.00 102.53 109.07

Nu 105.99 106.72 111.81 102.56 109.05

Oroqen 105.47 108.31 105.17 101.92 106.28

Pumi 106.03 106.79 112.12 102.52 109.13

Qiang 104.62 105.77 109.66 102.58 106.80

Russian 106.18 108.19 105.66 102.00 107.33

Salar 104.92 106.48 109.56 102.88 152.89

She 103.69 103.89 105.89 101.88 105.41

Shui 101.77 100.36 107.67 101.27 123.46

Tajik 106.78 108.22 105.92 101.97 107.11

Tatar 106.70 108.12 105.87 101.96 107.20

Tibetan 104.32 104.65 101.32 104.01 116.90

Tu 104.83 106.32 109.48 102.76 150.07

Tujia 103.90 105.06 108.34 100.89 108.67

Uygur 106.85 108.30 105.86 101.98 107.10

Uzbek 106.81 108.25 105.88 101.97 107.07

Va 106.00 106.75 112.09 102.51 109.10

Xibe 106.02 110.07 108.01 101.39 106.15

Yao 104.61 105.91 110.31 100.79 104.97

Yi 105.15 105.76 110.95 102.40 110.20

Yugur 105.38 106.21 105.45 101.83 109.80

Zhuang 104.82 105.63 111.92 101.35 106.23


Table 6.3 Major agricultural machinery at year-end

Ethnicgroup

Total powerof agriculturalmachinery(10,000 kw)

Large andmedium-sizedagricultural tractors

Small tractors Dieselengines

Number(unit)

Towingfarmmachinery(unit)

Number(unit)


Number(unit)

Nationaltotal

97,734.7 4,406,471 6,989,501 18,112,663 30,620,134 9,683,914

Achang 2.1 194 32 286 249 152

Bai 115.5 9,082 1,648 13,867 11,933 10,346

Baonan 1.4 67 176 346 657 13

Blang 5.7 523 88 777 679 410

Buyi 157.6 2,980 1,432 6,828 4,120 15,699

Dai 71.9 6,592 1,085 9,718 8,445 5,141

Daur 16.4 2,804 4,210 2,592 4,769 1,016

Deang 1.1 103 17 152 132 79

Derung 0.5 43 20 70 79 37

Dong 181.8 3,115 1,830 10,765 9,903 29,853

Dongxiang 44.5 2,593 6,324 10,111 20,081 394

Ewenki 4.0 675 1,057 606 1,128 256

Gaoshan 0.4 15 25 74 127 35

Gelao 30.4 527 245 1,197 604 3,050

Han 89,570.9 3,813,943 6,198,903 16,771,999 28,722,532 8,943,808

Hani 89.5 8,222 1,363 12,139 10,573 6,389

Hezhe 0.5 84 111 86 157 32

Hui 986.8 54,174 94,147 243,431 366,847 44,555

Jing 1.5 19 22 200 261 250

Jingpo 8.2 753 127 1,113 971 589

Jino 1.3 119 20 175 152 92

Kazak 121.6 20,023 35,072 23,638 42,927 958

Kirgiz 15.7 2,586 4,513 3,037 5,516 134

Korean 171.3 24,667 41,933 38,323 97,232 16,738

Lahu 28.3 2,588 439 3,861 3,408 2,022

Lhoba 0.5 39 23 140 86 5

Li 72.9 5,455 2,183 7,959 6,836 27,251

Lisu 39.3 3,550 608 5,260 4,599 2,857

(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Total powerof agriculturalmachinery(10,000 kw)

Large andmedium-sizedagricultural tractors

Small tractors Dieselengines

Number(unit)


Number(unit)


Number(unit)

Manchu 947.6 75,699 114,389 144,276 253,972 86,293

Maonan 6.8 76 82 744 928 1,023

Miao 528.8 14,255 5,913 34,605 31,345 78,091

Monba 1.4 119 70 437 262 13

Mongol 692.2 105,745 167,497 111,148 202,847 46,086

Mulao 13.7 140 176 1,651 2,128 2,164

Naxi 19.1 1,734 297 2,594 2,242 1,370

Nu 1.8 167 31 261 223 128

Oroqen 1.0 166 241 157 289 63

Pumi 2.1 192 34 286 253 150

Qiang 12.9 409 164 506 520 1,747

Russian 1.7 271 452 295 537 59

Salar 9.3 274 340 5,306 5,023 33

She 35.0 182 205 3,126 3,175 3,356

Shui 21.8 427 200 1,046 708 2,213

Tajik 4.0 640 1,119 767 1,391 42

Tatar 0.5 74 130 92 166 5

Tibetan 597.2 40,194 26,659 198,645 150,197 11,745

Tu 20.8 565 672 11,549 11,003 167

Tujia 481.9 10,557 11,771 53,371 86,495 78,512

Uygur 816.4 134,277 235,105 158,518 287,839 6,770

Uzbek 1.2 195 341 231 419 12

Va 25.0 2,245 433 3,433 3,129 1,836

Xibe 13.1 1,413 2,131 1,937 3,352 866

Yao 178.3 3,155 2,029 18,480 21,451 33,431

Yi 431.5 30,836 6,120 45,580 39,941 37,873

Yugur 1.2 55 147 271 538 12

Zhuang 1,087.8 16,133 14,751 142,896 183,902 173,858


Table 6.4 Original value of productive fixed assets of rural households at year-end (yuan/household)

Ethnicgroup

Totaloriginalvalue

Agriculture Industry Construction Transport, postal andtele-communicationservices

Nationalaverage

16,087.52 10,770.47 1,011.99 317.73 2,294.55

Achang 17,765.14 13,371.77 368.74 74.86 3,464.39

Bai 16,405.48 12,084.17 370.52 98.92 3,239.64

Baonan 19,280.14 12,917.00 253.63 60.60 2,554.21

Blang 17,754.11 13,356.69 372.10 77.10 3,458.79

Buyi 11,021.40 6,958.86 226.65 168.60 2,485.69

Dai 17,748.78 13,364.15 364.05 74.71 3,459.78

Daur 29,076.64 25,339.21 197.62 167.34 2,018.05

Deang 17,802.65 13,418.10 358.83 73.91 3,474.16

Derung 17,679.98 13,192.32 431.19 129.30 3,221.01

Dong 10,258.12 6,401.54 368.53 205.89 2,164.72

Dongxiang 20,061.57 13,818.83 251.75 88.82 2,527.65

Ewenki 28,877.94 25,009.31 203.84 195.94 2,225.44

Gaoshan 14,426.62 9,580.34 812.53 298.36 2,165.54

Gelao 10,838.98 6,829.36 194.09 168.29 2,470.93

Han 14,498.33 9,208.96 1,129.83 299.37 2,118.84

Hani 17,775.14 13,381.64 367.53 74.95 3,468.26

Hezhe 28,000.80 24,460.50 264.35 93.45 1,512.87

Hui 18,975.12 13,127.70 630.73 242.40 3,047.42

Jing 11,105.37 8,377.99 298.90 235.19 1,628.79

Jingpo 17,746.74 13,359.04 363.99 75.08 3,463.00

Jino 17,770.23 13,388.21 360.62 74.71 3,466.85

Kazak 30,320.39 26,264.53 153.27 438.94 2,536.28

Kirgiz 30,330.76 26,285.56 155.23 436.02 2,525.09

Korean 23,976.55 19,868.00 296.85 398.45 1,851.60

Lahu 17,763.95 13,368.74 368.99 75.55 3,463.30

Lhoba 48,503.94 39,955.62 91.40 1,362.17 5,950.28

Li 10,162.29 7,634.16 355.91 13.27 894.91

Lisu 17,675.10 13,290.09 369.51 76.34 3,417.25

Manchu 23,217.56 16,667.58 1,029.67 657.36 2,831.20

Maonan 10,881.19 7,870.53 248.53 217.59 1,827.95

Miao 11,316.68 7,362.24 370.25 211.53 2,305.07(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Totaloriginalvalue

Agriculture Industry Construction Transport, postal andtele-communicationservices

Monba 49,944.43 41,239.29 64.60 1,406.92 6,098.69

Mongol 27,161.58 22,728.35 345.51 305.94 2,426.00

Mulao 10,889.41 8,048.27 291.17 230.64 1,688.29

Naxi 17,794.55 13,390.99 369.92 82.11 3,430.34

Nu 18,238.78 13,754.25 382.33 97.39 3,495.38

Oroqen 28,553.78 24,836.65 230.91 147.74 1,874.91

Pumi 17,777.31 13,379.74 369.96 76.93 3,455.26

Qiang 13,476.02 9,824.39 275.56 104.94 1,647.82

Russian 28,814.53 24,653.73 251.83 352.87 2,446.93

Salar 20,372.31 15,319.85 117.88 52.01 3,385.07

She 13,151.91 6,365.69 2,088.18 262.87 2,435.43

Shui 11,074.70 7,075.35 214.76 168.83 2,471.59

Tajik 29,761.26 25,694.99 173.01 434.61 2,514.60

Tatar 29,310.51 25,103.35 200.65 419.75 2,526.17

Tibetan 32,602.52 26,075.52 131.06 697.23 4,241.61

Tu 19,580.97 14,505.19 176.40 53.37 3,307.89

Tujia 10,524.91 6,643.14 507.52 332.29 1,951.40

Uygur 30,274.57 26,220.58 156.65 439.37 2,533.72

Uzbek 29,980.23 25,917.35 169.59 435.84 2,523.72

Va 17,710.72 13,299.24 383.02 80.30 3,429.64

Xibe 25,748.07 19,377.81 774.98 790.14 3,069.24

Yao 10,576.97 7,415.96 415.52 229.99 1,770.59

Yi 15,821.67 11,678.35 320.62 93.43 2,852.81

Yugur 19,015.79 12,589.61 271.87 58.79 2,524.03

Zhuang 11,320.13 8,568.33 299.99 227.62 1,689.01


Table 6.5 Original value of productive fixed assets of rural households at year-end (yuan/household)

Ethnic group Wholesale and retailtrades and cateringservices

Socialservices

Education,culture,and health care

Others

Nationalaverage

957.12 459.88 131.53 144.25

Achang 328.05 58.30 52.30 46.72

Bai 385.33 94.94 77.13 54.82

Baonan 1,058.13 2,028.88 156.19 251.53

Blang 329.83 59.77 52.68 47.14

Buyi 681.45 182.10 226.57 91.49

Dai 327.31 60.51 52.06 46.22

Daur 663.08 359.70 102.75 228.92

Deang 323.24 56.90 51.71 45.79

Derung 436.85 133.73 65.72 69.85

Dong 613.82 233.47 177.97 92.18

Dongxiang 1,020.44 1,956.10 161.88 236.11

Ewenki 463.46 428.92 75.19 275.83

Gaoshan 899.14 437.25 133.93 99.53

Gelao 678.17 178.45 228.10 91.61

Han 988.86 475.40 131.38 145.70

Hani 326.66 57.62 52.16 46.30

Hezhe 1,137.99 246.47 151.70 133.48

Hui 1,087.29 577.32 114.87 147.39

Jing 279.36 175.50 26.99 82.64

Jingpo 327.35 58.80 52.54 46.92

Jino 324.30 57.98 51.83 45.71

Kazak 384.07 268.67 169.99 104.63

Kirgiz 390.46 263.84 169.92 104.63

Korean 921.55 403.00 99.71 137.39

Lahu 328.54 59.19 52.64 46.99

Lhoba 913.86 86.32 15.32 128.96

Li 1,069.29 131.71 47.89 15.14

Lisu 341.89 78.23 53.10 48.68

Manchu 1,333.90 499.52 121.53 76.81

Maonan 374.39 175.30 80.29 86.59

Miao 595.32 218.10 167.72 86.45(continued)



Ethnic group Wholesale and retailtrades and cateringservices

Socialservices

Education,culture,and health care

Others

Monba 913.45 86.47 5.63 129.38

Mongol 593.18 445.04 81.98 235.60

Mulao 317.44 179.23 49.15 85.21

Naxi 342.21 77.98 53.42 47.57

Nu 343.82 63.51 53.18 48.92

Oroqen 813.14 332.00 113.25 205.20

Pumi 332.66 63.14 52.36 47.24

Qiang 740.82 708.22 73.28 100.99

Russian 448.19 361.67 129.52 169.79

Salar 767.41 348.47 40.00 341.61

She 1,183.02 454.53 252.48 109.70

Shui 661.61 175.75 216.63 90.19

Tajik 398.55 271.98 167.98 105.53

Tatar 433.21 350.20 166.66 110.51

Tibetan 841.85 399.21 36.63 179.41

Tu 782.28 382.13 45.59 328.11

Tujia 603.09 263.56 145.10 78.81

Uygur 384.71 265.36 169.83 104.33

Uzbek 390.77 270.46 168.34 104.16

Va 341.69 69.11 54.46 53.26

Xibe 1,176.86 405.15 112.12 41.75

Yao 380.09 222.19 58.15 84.46

Yi 480.80 251.85 77.51 66.29

Yugur 1,075.37 2,089.01 158.87 248.28

Zhuang 264.88 168.89 20.63 80.76


Tab

le6.

6N

umbe

rof

maj

orpr

oduc

tive

fixe

das

sets

per

100

rura

lho

useh

olds

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ar-e

nd

Eth

nic

grou

pM

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vehi

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(set

)

Lar

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ps(u

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Dra

ught

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(uni

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Com

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anim

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Nat

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lav

erag

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783.

9819

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10.4

34.

3223

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26.4

881

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Ach

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4.20

3.69

12.5

416

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1.32

15.8

056

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115.

92

Bai

4.01

3.15

10.8

416

.37

1.30

16.2

452

.20

101.

37

Bao

nan

3.61

4.46

29.7

510

.82

8.79

9.84

49.1

383

.31

Bla

ng4.

193.

6812

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16.4

41.

3215

.84

55.9

211

5.67

Buy

i3.

480.

782.

2415

.76

0.87

11.7

049

.02

39.6

8

Dai

4.19

3.68

12.4

916

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1.31

15.8

456

.01

115.

64

Dau

r4.

0913

.09

48.2

76.

8810

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30.5

130

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203.

16

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ng4.

213.

7112

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16.4

61.

3315

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56.3

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6.56

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4.11

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2.35

17.7

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5916

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9828

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9.79

49.4

210

8.87

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4.59

9.73

48.7

98.

9813

.43

34.5

738

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239.

45

Gao

shan

3.57

3.65

19.8

211

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4.02

26.2

718

.70

67.4

2

Gel

ao3.

460.

711.

9215

.83

0.84

11.5

049

.29

38.2

4

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3.51

3.55

18.0

010

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3.71

24.9

415

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53.6

1

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i4.

203.

7012

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3115

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5.93

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he2.

9919

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46.6

13.

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Tab

le6.

6(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pM

otor

vehi

cles

(set

)

Lar

gean

dm

ediu

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et)

Min

ian

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rs(s

et)

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et)

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tsw

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(set

)

Pum

ps(u

nit)

Dra

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anim

als

(uni

t)

Com

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anim

als

(uni

t)

Hui

4.78

5.04

30.6

67.

116.

1521

.30

28.1

310

0.94

Jing

1.98

1.99

17.7

725

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3.64

27.4

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38.3

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Jing

po4.

203.

6912

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3315

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56.0

311

5.75

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4.20

3.70

12.5

216

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1.30

15.7

556

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116.

03

Kaz

ak3.

9711

.58

31.7

82.

6132

.72

6.61

53.1

046

5.94

Kir

giz

3.96

11.6

831

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2.60

32.4

66.

8052

.64

462.

84

Kor

ean

3.79

15.1

340

.65

4.57

5.51

26.8

227

.03

116.

69

Lah

u4.

203.

6912

.60

16.4

21.

3215

.87

55.9

411

5.73

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ba10

.21

6.78

51.2

512

.64

6.56

1.59

346.

9473

0.49

Li

1.38

0.92

2.93

3.82

1.04

26.1

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131.

33

Lis

u4.

173.

6312

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16.7

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3116

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211

3.95

Man

chu

4.78

8.65

24.2

94.

009.

1530

.10

22.0

488

.44

Mao

nan

2.33

1.60

13.6

323

.10

2.92

23.2

742

.50

36.3

3

Mia

o3.

171.

124.

8716

.75

1.32

17.9

138

.25

46.1

0

Mon

ba10

.49

6.85

52.9

112

.81

6.45

0.88

361.

5975

7.91

Mon

gol

4.68

8.58

42.5

48.

5413

.36

33.3

137

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218.

21

Mul

ao2.

101.

7816

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24.4

73.

3825

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40.3

936

.09

Nax

i4.

193.

6312

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16.7

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3216

.10

56.5

311

6.67

Nu

4.29

3.73

13.1

716

.33

1.42

15.6

160

.24

125.

09(continued)


Tab

le6.

6(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pM

otor

vehi

cles

(set

)

Lar

gean

dm

ediu

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rs(s

et)

Min

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ps(u

nit)

Dra

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(uni

t)

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anim

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Oro

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3.79

14.7

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5.97

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193.

7012

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31.

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983.

1627

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31.5

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8

Rus

sian

4.27

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636

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5.25

24.0

517

.58

46.4

036

0.13

Sal

ar6.

384.

9654

.23

9.80

4.65

5.29

39.8

916

0.76

She

3.55

1.21

4.48

10.4

31.

7112

.49

9.53

88.8

6

Shu

i3.

440.

852.

8716

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0.96

12.1

849

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40.3

3

Taj

ik3.

9411

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31.2

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9631

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7.24

51.9

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2.22

Tat

ar3.

9611

.00

31.1

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1530

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7.31

51.4

643

5.42

Tib

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7.32

4.85

40.1

715

.56

4.55

9.77

189.

6740

8.17

Tu

6.16

4.60

51.2

010

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3.99

6.19

38.7

714

5.03

Tuj

ia2.

701.

036.

6014

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1.62

23.6

822

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31.5

3

Uyg

ur3.

9711

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31.7

12.

6332

.65

6.69

52.9

646

5.07

Uzb

ek3.

9511

.40

31.4

02.

7932

.19

6.88

52.4

745

8.67

Va

4.18

3.68

12.7

216

.31

1.37

16.2

555

.04

114.

38

Xib

e4.

358.

6919

.17

3.79

16.3

629

.79

31.5

515

8.85

Yao

2.28

1.59

13.0

321

.97

3.06

26.0

531

.96

39.4

8

Yi

3.71

2.62

8.80

19.3

31.

1519

.71

47.5

088

.14

Yug

ur3.

514.

3528

.72

10.9

18.

5610

.20

48.4

974

.46

Zhu

ang

2.03

2.07

17.8

225

.12

3.64

27.0

140

.06

41.7

4


Table 6.7 Output of major farm products per hectare (kg/hectare) (I)

Ethnic group Cereals Cotton Peanuts Rapeseeds Sesame

National average 5,707 1,308 3,502 1,827 1,385

Achang 4,405 1,638 1,468 1,897 910

Bai 4,444 1,499 1,577 1,831 964

Baonan 3,926 1,524 2,641 1,821 44

Blang 4,415 1,635 1,474 1,900 911

Buyi 3,483 672 1,611 1,481 1,051

Dai 4,410 1,637 1,468 1,900 910

Daur 5,633 977 2,152 1,650 853

Deang 4,399 1,643 1,459 1,900 906

Derung 4,629 1,532 1,731 1,854 964

Dong 4,515 839 2,089 1,463 1,200

Dongxiang 4,094 1,589 2,801 1,857 121

Ewenki 5,376 1,298 1,879 1,243 618

Gaoshan 5,644 1,044 3,071 1,591 1,282

Gelao 3,442 650 1,595 1,469 1,048

Han 5,726 1,036 3,105 1,754 1,329

Hani 4,406 1,641 1,466 1,900 909

Hezhe 6,174 217 2,601 2,344 1,362

Hui 5,195 953 2,340 1,877 934

Jing 4,981 973 2,599 1,088 1,206

Jingpo 4,403 1,636 1,469 1,896 910

Jino 4,406 1,641 1,461 1,897 908

Kazak 6,107 1,767 3,762 2,351 1,050

Kirgiz 6,113 1,751 3,752 2,353 1,055

Korean 7,025 1,393 2,951 889 1,444

Lahu 4,411 1,639 1,475 1,901 911

Lhoba 5,552 90 2,414 2,557 111

Li 4,506 42 2,485 89 995

Lisu 4,445 1,620 1,497 1,910 921

Manchu 6,233 1,425 3,061 1,694 1,595

Maonan 4,537 868 2,330 1,171 1,167

Miao 4,537 905 1,984 1,550 1,148

Monba 5,591 58 2,403 2,604 54

Mongol 5,513 1,408 2,123 1,310 792(continued)



Ethnic group Cereals Cotton Peanuts Rapeseeds Sesame

Mulao 4,808 910 2,501 1,111 1,197

Naxi 4,448 1,614 1,497 1,909 917

Nu 4,438 1,612 1,496 1,909 901

Oroqen 5,781 753 2,248 1,820 1,001

Pumi 4,419 1,634 1,480 1,900 912

Qiang 5,739 914 2,426 2,212 1,298

Russian 5,806 1,581 3,020 1,875 895

Salar 3,869 259 492 1,978 58

She 5,972 980 2,610 1,501 1,310

Shui 3,521 692 1,633 1,474 1,053

Tajik 6,092 1,739 3,734 2,327 1,056

Tatar 6,008 1,728 3,686 2,295 1,018

Tibetan 5,082 395 1,931 2,317 341

Tu 3,902 292 593 1,940 112

Tujia 5,670 939 2,613 1,686 1,341

Uygur 6,112 1,765 3,763 2,350 1,053

Uzbek 6,098 1,749 3,745 2,328 1,053

Va 4,443 1,624 1,514 1,905 921

Xibe 6,423 1,693 3,161 2,070 1,669

Yao 5,308 996 2,559 1,259 1,253

Yi 4,668 1,330 1,747 1,938 1,032

Yugur 3,923 1,557 2,700 1,801 49

Zhuang 4,980 985 2,563 1,108 1,196


Table 6.8 Output of major farm products per hectare (kg/hectare) (II)

Ethnic group Jute and ambaryhemp

Sugarcane Beetroots Flue-curedtobacco

Natinoal average 3,896 66,485 47,361 2,124

Achang 49 61,651 48 2,136

Bai 335 58,145 589 2,095

Baonan 9 183 37,214 3,059

Blang 56 61,537 59 2,136

Buyi 742 37,680 4,321 1,636

Dai 42 61,650 127 2,137

Daur 68 667 38,217 3,290

Deang 19 61,654 112 2,137

Derung 361 54,096 4,398 2,199

Dong 1,697 44,621 2,523 1,859

Dongxiang 4 113 40,394 2,936

Ewenki 97 1,495 38,331 3,844

Gaoshan 2,798 43,039 9,796 2,082

Gelao 722 37,363 4,277 1,631

Han 2,723 38,198 10,369 2,123

Hani 36 61,666 48 2,138

Hezhe 170 2,090 31,838 2,380

Hui 1,312 16,951 17,099 2,487

Jing 2,506 64,943 360 1,751

Jingpo 42 61,558 102 2,138

Jino 22 61,644 99 2,137

Kazak 2 48 68,605 11

Kirgiz 5 89 68,293 31

Korean 182 1,585 32,553 2,621

Lahu 55 61,625 46 2,139

Lhoba 150 3,074 1,308 150

Li 6,499 62,771 264 775

Lisu 104 61,054 625 2,135

Manchu 525 1,207 38,274 2,494

Maonan 2,012 57,743 1,363 1,708

Miao 1,452 45,047 2,542 1,878

Monba 75 2,078 604 79

Mongol 252 3,099 37,943 3,484(continued)



Ethnic group Jute and ambaryhemp

Sugarcane Beetroots Flue-curedtobacco

Mulao 2,308 62,447 728 1,728

Naxi 91 60,945 576 2,121

Nu 71 60,543 177 2,102

Oroqen 138 1,436 35,330 3,137

Pumi 57 61,368 235 2,137

Qiang 2,204 46,791 16,899 2,033

Russian 131 2,049 53,959 1,511

Salar 31 553 15,923 399

She 3,272 58,697 384 1,597

Shui 775 38,775 4,102 1,645

Tajik 85 1,320 66,669 82

Tatar 78 1,229 65,083 192

Tibetan 542 12,852 9,425 820

Tu 160 4,475 14,405 582

Tujia 2,425 43,039 1,099 2,032

Uygur 15 229 68,421 13

Uzbek 56 1,065 67,393 40

Va 141 60,864 170 2,144

Xibe 56 806 46,893 2,201

Yao 2,488 62,601 147 1,967

Yi 711 54,801 5,237 2,054

Yugur 26 558 37,152 3,180

Zhuang 2,389 66,555 130 1,779


Table 6.9 Per capita output of major farm products (kg)

Ethnicgroup

Grain Cotton Oil-bearingcrops

Pork, beef andmutton

Total aquaticproducts

Milk

Nationalaverage

425.0 4.9 24.6 45.4 41.7 27.2

Achang 362.7 0.0 13.3 62.1 8.1 11.4

Bai 357.0 0.3 15.7 60.7 9.4 9.8

Baonan 394.4 7.3 26.3 31.7 0.8 17.7

Blang 363.1 0.1 13.4 62.1 8.1 11.4

Buyi 256.5 0.1 22.3 47.2 5.6 2.0

Dai 362.9 0.0 13.4 62.2 7.9 11.4

Daur 1,082.5 5.7 35.7 67.4 8.7 264.3

Deang 363.2 0.1 13.3 62.2 7.6 11.5

Derung 389.7 1.3 15.9 59.8 13.9 22.4

Dong 316.5 1.3 24.6 52.9 21.0 1.8

Dongxiang 413.4 17.0 25.6 32.2 1.1 20.2

Ewenki 975.0 0.5 47.9 78.3 7.9 328.8

Gaoshan 437.5 3.5 28.0 50.0 46.9 32.1

Gelao 253.1 0.0 22.4 47.0 5.0 1.6

Han 436.4 3.9 25.6 45.6 42.2 26.2

Hani 363.0 0.0 13.3 62.2 7.8 11.4

Hezhe 1,317.7 0.9 9.0 44.8 13.9 127.3

Hui 467.8 13.5 30.7 44.1 19.3 61.6

Jing 311.2 0.2 11.7 54.8 60.0 2.8

Jingpo 362.7 0.1 13.3 62.1 8.0 11.5

Jino 363.4 0.0 13.3 62.2 7.7 11.4

Kazak 557.1 131.4 30.4 46.7 5.1 59.3

Kirgiz 565.9 130.3 30.2 46.8 5.2 60.4

Korean 1,069.9 0.6 21.6 56.8 21.7 47.9

Lahu 363.6 0.1 13.4 62.1 7.9 11.5

Lhoba 317.3 1.6 21.2 78.7 3.4 73.4

Li 218.4 0.0 12.0 52.0 173.7 0.5

Lisu 364.7 0.1 13.9 62.3 8.1 11.5

Manchu 630.3 2.2 24.2 56.6 58.0 61.3

Maonan 290.9 0.0 14.4 52.7 45.3 2.0

Miao 323.7 1.1 23.3 53.8 18.0 3.2

Monba 311.2 0.2 21.1 80.0 1.5 76.1(continued)



Ethnicgroup


Pork, beef andmutton

Total aquaticproducts

Milk

Mongol 842.6 3.9 45.5 74.5 18.2 264.7

Mulao 298.0 0.1 12.6 53.6 54.4 2.2

Naxi 363.6 0.1 13.9 62.3 8.0 11.7

Nu 362.0 0.1 13.5 62.2 8.4 12.5

Oroqen 1,151.9 0.5 28.4 61.7 11.7 229.4

Pumi 364.4 0.1 13.5 62.1 8.1 11.6

Qiang 407.9 0.3 34.4 66.5 14.2 9.1

Russian 684.6 75.8 36.7 58.1 7.7 156.9

Salar 222.7 5.1 53.3 46.9 1.2 44.1

She 209.2 0.6 10.8 38.4 118.1 3.8

Shui 259.7 0.1 21.8 47.6 6.9 2.0

Tajik 553.2 127.2 30.1 46.8 6.3 58.2

Tatar 544.8 121.7 29.8 46.0 6.2 56.9

Tibetan 317.6 0.5 32.0 66.7 4.1 48.9

Tu 224.4 2.0 50.8 46.4 4.2 41.2

Tujia 384.5 3.9 32.7 56.2 32.0 2.4

Uygur 557.1 131.2 30.4 46.8 5.3 59.3

Uzbek 552.3 129.1 30.1 46.7 6.3 58.6

Va 365.3 0.2 13.8 61.9 8.8 11.8

Xibe 541.8 24.3 27.0 58.4 74.9 44.8

Yao 335.2 1.0 17.0 56.3 50.0 2.5

Yi 364.0 0.1 20.2 61.7 9.2 9.8

Yugur 399.4 5.7 25.1 31.0 1.2 17.3

Zhuang 307.0 0.1 11.1 54.9 59.0 2.8


Table 6.10 Per capita major farm products sold by rural households (kg)

Ethnicgroup


Fibercrops

Tobacco Vegetables Fruits

Nationalaverage

481.45 19.91 16.88 0.11 4.52 174.52 60.82

Achang 115.2 0.1 7.5 0.0 34.8 260.4 46.5

Bai 120.3 2.0 8.0 0.0 30.3 224.6 42.3

Baonan 266.7 30.6 14.2 0.0 0.1 262.8 55.5

Blang 116.0 0.2 7.5 0.0 34.7 259.8 46.3

Buyi 89.7 0.3 7.3 0.0 10.8 65.4 5.9

Dai 114.6 0.1 7.6 0.0 34.8 259.5 46.3

Daur 1,644.9 13.5 66.3 0.5 1.2 206.4 11.2

Deang 114.9 0.3 7.5 0.0 35.0 260.2 46.4

Derung 215.7 3.9 11.1 0.0 28.7 249.8 49.8

Dong 138.2 8.6 9.3 0.1 8.8 77.0 23.5

Dongxiang 312.7 52.5 14.9 0.0 0.1 266.9 63.6

Ewenki 1,256.1 1.4 92.9 0.7 0.8 225.0 5.2

Gaoshan 511.0 9.9 15.9 0.2 5.4 183.6 57.3

Gelao 85.0 0.2 7.2 0.0 10.6 61.4 4.6

Han 505.9 15.3 16.2 0.1 4.3 183.7 61.4

Hani 115.5 0.1 7.5 0.0 34.9 260.1 46.3

Hezhe 2,503.0 2.5 9.0 0.0 2.4 162.3 11.2

Hui 498.2 35.9 19.1 0.1 3.8 221.1 62.5

Jing 158.9 0.7 3.3 0.8 3.5 182.0 43.3

Jingpo 115.9 0.2 7.5 0.0 34.8 259.8 46.4

Jino 116.1 0.1 7.5 0.0 34.9 259.8 46.3

Kazak 804.3 305.8 35.6 0.0 0.0 228.0 136.9

Kirgiz 823.7 303.1 35.4 0.0 0.0 227.3 135.7

Korean 2,324.5 1.7 28.4 0.0 1.5 215.5 22.1

Lahu 116.5 0.2 7.6 0.0 34.8 260.1 46.4

Lhoba 76.0 4.0 4.3 0.0 0.6 16.1 7.3

Li 40.0 0.1 5.9 0.0 0.6 296.5 111.2

Lisu 116.1 0.2 7.9 0.0 34.0 257.4 46.2

Manchu 1,306.8 7.6 21.2 0.0 3.8 304.6 93.0

Maonan 131.0 0.2 4.0 0.7 4.9 148.0 31.5

Miao 131.5 7.3 9.5 0.1 11.9 103.5 25.8

Monba 52.1 0.6 3.8 0.0 0.2 9.2 4.7(continued)



Ethnicgroup


Fibercrops

Tobacco Vegetables Fruits

Mongol 1,133.0 9.5 79.7 0.6 1.6 241.1 26.3

Mulao 142.1 0.4 3.4 0.8 3.7 167.4 37.9

Naxi 114.7 0.2 7.8 0.0 33.9 255.5 46.0

Nu 116.6 0.4 7.5 0.0 34.0 255.9 46.1

Oroqen 1,891.1 1.4 50.9 0.4 1.6 195.8 8.9

Pumi 119.9 0.3 7.7 0.0 34.6 259.2 46.4

Qiang 103.3 0.6 18.8 0.3 7.1 143.4 32.8

Russian 919.9 176.8 56.0 0.3 0.5 225.1 85.5

Salar 121.9 13.7 37.5 0.0 0.1 100.2 12.7

She 141.9 2.4 5.4 0.0 9.0 193.9 96.3

Shui 91.7 0.4 7.1 0.1 11.0 70.2 6.8

Tajik 793.2 296.0 34.9 0.0 0.1 226.4 134.2

Tatar 772.0 283.9 33.9 0.0 0.2 227.7 130.6

Tibetan 85.7 2.3 15.6 0.1 2.5 79.2 15.2

Tu 115.9 6.9 35.2 0.0 0.8 106.0 13.2

Tujia 232.5 32.0 23.4 0.1 7.0 106.5 41.7

Uygur 804.3 305.1 35.5 0.0 0.0 227.7 136.7

Uzbek 793.9 300.4 35.1 0.0 0.1 227.1 135.6

Va 122.9 0.5 7.8 0.0 34.1 261.0 46.6

Xibe 1,207.3 56.7 24.2 0.0 4.9 342.3 121.0

Yao 157.5 6.2 5.6 0.5 6.7 154.1 44.3

Yi 110.2 0.2 10.6 0.1 24.5 205.6 38.0

Yugur 269.8 27.3 13.1 0.0 0.1 268.0 56.5

Zhuang 147.0 0.3 3.1 0.8 4.9 190.3 43.5


Table 6.11 Sales of livestock, poultry, small animals and fishery per capita rural household (kg)

Ethnicgroup

Pork Mutton Beef Poultry Poultryeggs

Milk Silkwormcocoons

Aquaticproducts

Nationalaverage

29.76 2.99 3.40 8.32 9.15 10.42 0.81 9.14

Achang 36.50 0.60 1.77 2.63 3.56 16.28 0.72 1.42

Bai 34.77 0.59 1.63 2.57 3.16 13.39 0.60 1.89

Baonan 10.94 4.35 4.58 0.83 6.98 2.37 0.00 0.05

Blang 36.51 0.60 1.77 2.65 3.60 16.20 0.72 1.41

Buyi 21.99 0.61 1.31 2.79 0.81 0.45 0.13 0.88

Dai 36.59 0.60 1.77 2.58 3.55 16.22 0.73 1.41

Daur 21.81 23.77 14.53 4.13 5.14 115.22 0.03 1.14

Deang 36.46 0.62 1.78 2.52 3.54 16.36 0.72 1.31

Derung 35.30 1.83 2.51 4.19 5.40 18.55 0.71 2.46

Dong 25.76 0.52 0.97 3.11 1.44 0.13 1.12 4.74

Dongxiang 10.73 5.43 5.02 1.06 7.61 3.42 0.00 0.04

Ewenki 17.73 31.73 15.99 3.12 5.38 150.60 0.04 0.82

Gaoshan 35.12 2.52 3.35 9.43 10.17 9.31 1.26 10.40

Gelao 21.49 0.59 1.29 2.71 0.66 0.13 0.10 0.83

Han 32.66 2.02 2.66 10.35 10.25 8.01 0.74 10.55

Hani 36.51 0.60 1.77 2.60 3.57 16.29 0.72 1.36

Hezhe 34.00 4.81 10.69 7.11 4.40 40.92 0.09 2.98

Hui 22.06 6.99 6.78 6.93 8.31 22.51 0.22 3.40

Jing 25.17 0.58 1.04 7.62 3.12 0.62 9.50 8.49

Jingpo 36.44 0.61 1.77 2.62 3.55 16.26 0.72 1.39

Jino 36.55 0.60 1.78 2.54 3.55 16.30 0.72 1.35

Kazak 5.21 22.46 11.91 3.75 12.58 16.65 0.00 0.06

Kirgiz 5.51 22.34 11.92 3.79 12.50 17.08 0.00 0.10

Korean 50.26 2.32 9.23 13.99 17.62 12.84 0.39 1.71

Lahu 36.54 0.60 1.77 2.65 3.58 16.24 0.72 1.37

Lhoba 3.44 4.26 11.70 0.69 0.98 3.63 0.03 0.79

Li 31.09 0.73 1.30 14.83 0.52 0.10 0.05 47.94

Lisu 37.02 0.62 1.79 2.69 3.59 15.88 0.73 1.57

Manchu 51.82 3.92 8.89 19.96 33.38 17.26 0.80 2.57

Maonan 23.77 0.57 1.08 6.33 2.19 0.09 7.28 6.20

Miao 27.96 0.57 1.20 3.20 2.22 2.23 0.74 4.60

Monba 2.37 4.23 12.04 0.52 0.54 3.63 0.03 0.49

(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Pork Mutton Beef Poultry Poultryeggs

Milk Silkwormcocoons

Aquaticproducts

Mongol 24.53 26.27 14.25 6.67 11.58 119.70 0.22 1.08

Mulao 24.51 0.55 1.03 7.19 2.57 0.13 8.71 7.66

Naxi 36.90 0.62 1.83 2.62 3.55 15.81 0.73 1.58

Nu 36.01 0.68 1.93 2.65 3.59 16.02 0.72 1.45

Oroqen 26.03 18.28 13.40 5.29 5.20 96.14 0.07 1.86

Pumi 36.52 0.63 1.80 2.65 3.62 16.22 0.73 1.43

Qiang 54.51 0.69 2.26 4.87 2.68 0.29 1.18 9.49

Russian 11.08 24.84 12.90 4.11 10.25 65.78 0.04 0.69

Salar 3.92 13.35 8.49 0.48 1.42 8.24 0.01 0.16

She 45.05 0.33 0.44 5.50 3.72 1.20 0.74 26.57

Shui 21.93 0.61 1.30 2.88 0.96 0.59 0.45 1.02

Tajik 6.05 21.78 11.60 3.95 12.46 16.41 0.05 0.39

Tatar 6.40 21.00 11.31 3.94 12.29 16.01 0.02 0.41

Tibetan 15.92 5.34 8.38 1.41 1.51 3.99 0.30 2.37

Tu 5.94 12.13 7.85 0.80 1.46 7.94 0.06 1.10

Tujia 29.60 0.51 1.02 3.16 5.52 0.73 0.23 15.66

Uygur 5.33 22.41 11.88 3.79 12.58 16.65 0.00 0.11

Uzbek 5.65 22.09 11.72 3.87 12.45 16.53 0.05 0.38

Va 36.50 0.64 1.79 3.07 3.69 16.02 0.72 1.49

Xibe 57.63 6.15 10.58 24.81 40.41 8.39 1.07 3.02

Yao 28.22 0.47 0.85 5.90 2.33 1.25 6.00 8.93

Yi 39.84 0.63 1.86 3.22 3.01 10.09 0.78 3.53

Yugur 11.39 3.84 4.35 0.95 7.15 2.53 0.04 0.14

Zhuang 25.70 0.55 1.04 7.55 2.86 1.25 9.36 8.59


Table 6.12 Price indices for means of agricultural production by category (precedingyear = 100) (I)

Ethnicgroup

Generalindex

Farmhandtools

Forage Commodityanimals

Semi-mechanizedfarm Tools

Mechanizedfarmmachinery

Nationalaverage

111.3 105.3 107.6 137.3 103.6 104.6

Achang 108.3 102.5 103.1 119.8 103.4 100.5

Bai 108.6 103.1 103.2 124.5 104.4 101.3

Baonan 107.6 104.0 113.7 117.9 100.0 101.3

Blang 108.0 102.3 102.9 119.4 103.2 100.2

Buyi 110.9 105.3 104.0 152.5 114.8 105.7

Dai 108.2 102.5 103.1 119.8 103.4 100.4

Daur 106.7 102.2 103.0 121.9 101.9 103.6

Deang 108.2 102.5 103.1 119.6 103.4 100.4

Derung 106.2 100.6 101.4 120.0 101.1 98.8

Dong 110.9 106.2 104.5 147.1 109.7 105.8

Dongxiang 107.5 103.9 113.4 117.9 100.3 101.5

Ewenki 105.8 100.3 102.3 117.0 101.8 102.2

Gaoshan 105.2 100.0 100.9 130.0 99.3 99.1

Gelao 110.8 105.2 103.8 152.9 115.0 105.7

Han 104.7 99.6 100.9 130.5 97.9 98.4

Hani 108.2 102.5 103.1 119.6 103.4 100.4

Hezhe 107.5 105.3 103.0 131.6 100.9 105.2

Hui 105.5 100.1 100.5 131.7 97.5 99.0

Jing 111.7 105.3 106.9 141.5 103.9 104.6

Jingpo 108.3 102.5 103.1 119.8 103.5 100.5

Jino 108.1 102.3 102.9 119.5 103.2 100.3

Kazak 106.6 100.8 106.7 120.7 102.4 104.2

Kirgiz 106.6 100.9 106.7 120.8 102.4 104.2

Korean 109.1 106.1 105.8 126.3 99.6 102.7

Lahu 108.2 102.5 103.1 119.7 103.4 100.4

Lhoba 102.2 100.0 99.2 103.0 100.0 101.5

Li 115.3 110.1 105.6 156.7 105.1 113.4

Lisu 108.4 102.6 103.2 120.4 103.4 100.5

Manchu 108.7 102.4 104.4 133.2 100.4 102.3

Maonan 111.7 105.4 106.3 145.4 107.1 105.1

Miao 104.5 99.8 98.5 136.2 103.2 99.3(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Generalindex

Farmhandtools

Forage Commodityanimals

Semi-mechanizedfarm Tools

Mechanizedfarmmachinery

Monba 101.5 99.5 98.7 100.8 99.3 101.0

Mongol 106.8 100.8 103.2 120.3 101.7 102.1

Mulao 111.7 105.2 106.6 143.3 105.2 104.8

Naxi 108.2 102.4 103.1 120.2 103.2 100.3

Nu 108.2 102.5 103.1 119.6 103.4 100.5

Oroqen 107.1 103.2 103.1 125.0 101.8 104.2

Pumi 108.3 102.5 103.1 119.8 103.4 100.4

Qiang 112.2 104.1 106.6 141.7 100.4 100.3

Russian 104.4 98.8 103.0 117.6 100.2 101.4

Salar 111.1 103.2 106.4 129.0 98.4 103.3

She 111.1 107.4 107.9 138.6 106.8 104.5

Shui 111.0 105.4 104.2 151.9 114.5 105.7

Tajik 106.1 100.4 106.1 120.5 101.9 103.6

Tatar 105.7 100.0 105.9 119.8 101.3 103.0

Tibetan 107.3 102.4 103.8 118.6 100.0 102.0

Tu 111.1 103.5 106.5 129.5 98.8 103.3

Tujia 91.7 88.3 86.0 119.6 87.3 86.9

Uygur 106.6 100.8 106.6 120.7 102.4 104.1

Uzbek 106.4 100.6 106.4 120.7 102.2 104.0

Va 107.9 102.2 102.8 119.5 103.1 100.2

Xibe 110.2 103.2 106.4 130.9 101.2 102.6

Yao 111.2 105.9 106.0 138.5 103.3 104.9

Yi 109.6 103.3 104.2 129.5 103.9 101.0

Yugur 107.2 103.7 113.5 117.4 99.7 100.8

Zhuang 111.7 105.1 106.8 140.2 103.6 104.4


Table 6.13 Price indices for means of agricultural production by category (precedingyear = 100) (II)

Ethnicgroup

Chemicalfertilizer

Pesticideand itsappliances

Oil forfarmmachinery

Other means ofagriculturalproduction

Service foragriculturalproduction

Nationalaverage

113.3 102.6 110.8 108.1 108.3

Achang 112.1 101.8 108.6 105.9 101.9

Bai 110.9 101.7 107.7 106.1 102.2

Baonan 110.1 103.2 107.9 104.6 104.7

Blang 111.8 101.5 108.3 105.6 101.7

Buyi 101.9 100.5 104.0 107.6 101.5

Dai 112.0 101.8 108.5 105.9 102.0

Daur 110.9 103.6 107.5 103.6 103.8

Deang 112.1 101.8 108.6 105.9 101.9

Derung 109.5 99.7 106.3 103.8 100.5

Dong 106.6 101.7 104.8 107.4 103.9

Dongxiang 109.6 103.0 107.9 105.0 104.3

Ewenki 110.5 104.9 106.5 103.3 101.6

Gaoshan 106.9 97.8 104.9 102.3 101.5

Gelao 101.5 100.3 103.7 107.5 101.2

Han 106.2 96.6 104.0 102.0 102.1

Hani 112.0 101.7 108.5 105.8 101.9

Hezhe 111.7 99.8 108.0 101.5 107.0

Hui 106.5 97.9 106.6 106.1 102.7

Jing 114.3 102.8 108.6 107.6 106.5

Jingpo 112.1 101.8 108.6 105.9 101.9

Jino 111.9 101.6 108.4 105.7 101.7

Kazak 102.1 100.0 111.6 118.2 105.8

Kirgiz 102.2 100.1 111.6 118.1 105.8

Korean 113.0 98.9 110.0 104.7 105.7

Lahu 112.0 101.7 108.5 105.8 101.9

Lhoba 100.4 99.2 119.6 102.9 100.1

Li 112.7 104.8 108.0 113.3 117.6

Lisu 111.9 101.8 108.6 106.1 102.5

Manchu 111.4 100.1 108.5 105.2 104.6

Maonan 111.0 102.3 107.4 107.8 105.1

Miao 100.8 96.0 99.4 101.4 98.0(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Chemicalfertilizer

Pesticideand itsappliances

Oil forfarmmachinery

Other means ofagriculturalproduction

Service foragriculturalproduction

Monba 99.8 98.9 119.8 102.3 99.7

Mongol 110.6 104.1 107.4 104.8 102.7

Mulao 113.0 102.6 108.1 107.6 105.8

Naxi 111.7 101.7 108.5 105.9 102.3

Nu 111.9 101.8 108.7 105.9 102.0

Oroqen 111.7 102.8 107.7 102.8 104.8

Pumi 112.0 101.8 108.6 105.9 102.0

Qiang 106.2 101.4 109.2 110.6 119.7

Russian 103.5 100.0 107.6 110.2 102.3

Salar 107.8 101.1 115.7 122.4 119.1

She 113.0 102.0 110.4 105.9 106.2

Shui 102.4 100.6 104.2 107.7 101.7

Tajik 101.8 99.6 111.0 117.2 105.2

Tatar 101.6 99.2 110.3 116.2 104.7

Tibetan 104.6 100.9 116.3 109.7 109.9

Tu 108.3 101.3 115.1 121.1 118.2

Tujia 91.4 84.8 87.9 89.0 86.4

Uygur 102.0 100.0 111.6 118.1 105.7

Uzbek 102.0 99.9 111.3 117.8 105.5

Va 111.7 101.5 108.2 105.5 101.7

Xibe 112.2 101.2 110.3 108.6 106.5

Yao 113.8 103.1 107.6 107.5 106.5

Yi 109.3 101.5 108.2 107.4 106.8

Yugur 109.9 102.9 107.2 103.4 103.8

Zhuang 114.7 103.0 108.9 107.7 106.3


Table 6.14 Producer price indices for farm products

Ethnicgroup

Generalindex

Plantingproducts

Forestryproducts

Animalhusbandry

Fisheryproducts

Nationaltotal

116.5 107.8 114.9 126.2 110.0

Achang 117.8 112.2 117.2 131.7 107.3

Bai 118.2 112.4 115.0 131.1 108.1

Baonan 111.1 108.5 119.0 115.7 114.5

Blang 117.8 112.2 117.1 131.6 107.2

Buyi 120.0 111.9 104.7 127.2 114.6

Dai 117.8 112.2 117.1 131.7 107.3

Daur 113.6 108.6 120.4 116.7 122.8

Deang 117.8 112.2 117.2 131.7 107.2

Derung 117.0 111.3 115.7 129.6 108.1

Dong 120.7 113.2 106.0 129.4 112.0

Dongxiang 110.5 107.2 121.3 115.3 117.7

Ewenki 113.1 107.5 117.8 116.3 131.4

Gaoshan 114.6 108.3 107.3 124.5 109.3

Gelao 120.1 112.0 104.5 127.2 114.7

Han 113.9 108.2 108.0 123.4 109.2

Hani 117.8 112.2 117.2 131.7 107.3

Hezhe 116.0 113.2 127.0 118.9 105.4

Hui 112.0 105.9 79.6 120.0 102.3

Jing 123.7 114.5 109.6 137.7 109.3

Jingpo 117.8 112.2 117.1 131.7 107.3

Jino 117.8 112.3 117.2 131.7 107.2

Kazak 103.7 90.3 102.3 112.2 106.5

Kirgiz 103.9 90.5 102.5 112.3 106.5

Korean 116.0 112.1 117.2 124.4 112.1

Lahu 117.8 112.2 117.1 131.7 107.3

Lhoba 10.6 9.9 9.7 11.4 10.0

Li 115.5 112.6 121.1 123.5 109.6

Lisu 117.8 112.2 116.8 131.5 107.3

Manchu 113.7 108.0 115.9 120.8 110.2

Maonan 123.0 113.9 107.9 135.3 110.9

Miao 120.0 112.9 107.6 129.0 111.4

Monba 5.6 5.4 5.2 6.1 5.3(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Generalindex

Plantingproducts

Forestryproducts

Animalhusbandry

Fisheryproducts

Mongol 113.0 106.9 114.3 117.6 125.6

Mulao 123.5 114.3 108.8 136.8 110.0

Naxi 117.3 111.7 116.4 131.0 106.8

Nu 116.1 110.6 115.4 129.7 105.8

Oroqen 114.6 110.4 122.7 117.6 118.5

Pumi 117.7 112.2 117.0 131.6 107.2

Qiang 117.8 110.5 105.1 124.4 106.8

Russian 107.5 97.3 107.3 114.2 115.6

Salar 115.8 108.5 19.5 122.7 19.1

She 113.9 109.1 110.3 122.6 111.9

Shui 120.2 112.1 105.0 127.7 114.4

Tajik 104.1 90.9 102.5 112.6 106.6

Tatar 104.4 91.7 102.9 112.8 106.9

Tibetan 64.3 60.7 38.8 68.1 38.6

Tu 116.0 109.1 25.9 123.0 25.5

Tujia 118.2 111.7 108.1 128.6 109.5

Uygur 103.8 90.3 102.3 112.3 106.5

Uzbek 104.0 90.7 102.4 112.5 106.6

Va 117.7 112.1 116.9 131.5 107.3

Xibe 112.3 104.5 115.9 120.2 108.0

Yao 122.3 114.4 109.3 134.8 108.7

Yi 118.1 111.7 112.4 129.2 108.0

Yugur 111.3 108.8 122.5 115.8 118.1

Zhuang 123.5 114.4 110.0 137.7 109.0


Notes

Data on agricultural production are provided by the Department of Rural Socialand Economic Survey of the NBS using data from The Statistical Survey System onAgriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry and Fishery; The Statistical ReportingSystem on Agricultural Output and Price and The Statistical Reporting System onthe Basic Condition of Social and Economic Activities of Counties.

The Statistical Survey System on Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry andFishery is composed of three parts: (i) the sample survey conducted by the nationtaking the province as the population on major farm crops such as grain and cotton,on animal husbandry such as hog, cattle, sheep and poultry, and a sample surveyon 362 pig output counties taking the county as the population; (ii) the compre-hensive reporting system, statistical reporting forms are used on agriculturalproduction conditions, tropical farm crops, garden crops, agricultural facilities andother poultry; and (iii) the statistical reporting forms of forestry and fisheryindustries from forestry department and fishery department. The StatisticalReporting System on the Basic Condition of Social and Economic Activities ofCounties is a special survey designed by the NBS to understand the basic condi-tions of social and economic activities at county, township and rural level and theenergy consumption of the units engaged in agriculture, forestry, animal hus-bandry and fishery. Under this survey system, a complete enumeration is con-ducted every 3 years to collect information on the basic conditions of all towns,townships and villages, and a complete enumeration is conducted every year incounties administratively designated towns.

Data on fixed assets, sales of farm products of rural households are collectedand compiled by the Office of Household Surveys of the NBS through the Systemof Rural Household Survey.


Chapter 7Education and Science and Technology

Table 7.1 Number of students in undergraduate or specialized courses in institutions of highereducation

Ethnicgroup

Entrants Enrollment Anticipated graduatesfor next year

Graduates with degreesor diplomas

Nationaltotal

6,815,009 23,085,078 6,361,179 6,081,565

Achang 128 393 98 89

Bai 7,068 22,051 5,578 5,101

Baonan 79 261 67 64

Blang 348 1,068 265 241

Buyi 9,322 30,097 7,702 7,285

Dai 4,380 13,429 3,331 3,027

Daur 677 2,351 658 611

Deang 68 207 51 47

Derung 30 96 24 22

Dong 11,431 38,071 10,351 9,650

Dongxiang 2,471 8,156 2,103 1,995

Ewenki 153 521 144 132

Gaoshan 24 81 22 21

Gelao 1,800 5,808 1,484 1,404

Han 6,340,812 21,506,576 5,940,494 5,684,940

Hani 5,440 16,674 4,135 3,758

Hezhe 26 93 27 25(continued)


287


Ethnicgroup



Hui 50,415 167,813 44,538 42,641

Jing 96 312 87 79

Jingpo 499 1,531 380 345

Jino 79 242 60 55

Kazak 5,022 17,549 4,543 4,328

Kirgiz 648 2,266 588 560

Korean 11,445 40,396 10,876 10,437

Lahu 1,716 5,262 1,306 1,187

Lhoba 11 38 9 10

Li 7,473 25,199 6,802 6,292

Lisu 2,407 7,398 1,838 1,675

Manchu 63,910 221,414 60,029 58,244

Maonan 418 1,356 370 338

Miao 35,249 115,854 30,853 28,773

Monba 33 114 28 29

Mongol 29,667 100,846 27,588 25,609

Mulao 852 2,771 765 694

Naxi 1,173 3,607 896 817

Nu 109 335 83 76

Oroqen 43 152 43 40

Pumi 127 391 97 88

Qiang 1,281 4,249 1,105 1,078

Russian 71 247 66 62

Salar 338 1,112 290 298

She 4,053 13,601 3,729 3,527

Shui 1,285 4,149 1,065 1,005

Tajik 167 582 151 144

Tatar 20 71 18 17

Tibetan 20,194 67,766 17,059 17,263

Tu 808 2,652 694 705

Tujia 42,379 140,812 37,998 36,307(continued)

288 7 Education and Science and Technology


Ethnicgroup



Uygur 33,780 118,050 30,576 29,127

Uzbek 50 175 45 43

Va 1,512 4,650 1,158 1,055

Xibe 1,092 3,804 1,017 990

Yao 11,718 38,794 10,835 9,813

Yi 29,625 93,503 23,616 22,065

Yugur 67 222 57 54

Zhuang 68,648 222,534 61,515 55,513

7 Education and Science and Technology 289

Table 7.2 Situations of teachers and staff in regular schools (institutions) of higher education

Ethnic group Full-time teachers Senior Sub-senior Middle Junior No rank

National total 1,392,676 159,691 394,689 549,921 218,431 69,944

Achang 24 2 6 9 4 2

Bai 1,335 138 367 521 217 91

Baonan 15 1 4 6 2 1

Blang 65 7 18 25 11 5

Buyi 1,899 179 559 759 286 116

Dai 813 84 220 315 135 58

Daur 150 17 45 56 23 8

Deang 13 1 3 5 2 1

Derung 6 1 2 2 1 0

Dong 2279 228 657 906 346 142

Dongxiang 455 44 131 181 72 28

Ewenki 33 3 10 12 6 2

Gaoshan 5 1 1 2 1 0

Gelao 367 35 108 147 55 22

Han 1,295,370 149,286 366,845 511,865 203,479 63,895

Hani 1,009 105 274 391 168 72

Hezhe 6 1 2 2 1 0

Hui 10,846 1,351 3,177 4,108 1,643 567

Jing 18 2 5 7 3 2

Jingpo 93 10 25 36 15 7

Jino 15 2 4 6 2 1

Kazak 1,170 79 340 512 163 76

Kirgiz 151 10 44 66 21 10

Korean 2,593 372 795 973 383 69

Lahu 318 33 86 123 53 23

Lhoba 3 0 1 1 0 0

Li 1,300 127 305 433 308 128

Lisu 447 46 121 174 74 31

Manchu 14,298 1,974 4,397 5,548 1,901 478

Maonan 78 7 21 30 12 7

Miao 6,953 703 1,991 2,761 1,070 429

Monba 8 0 2 3 1 1

Mongol 6,409 679 1,949 2,367 1,046 369(continued)



Ethnic group Full-time teachers Senior Sub-senior Middle Junior No rank

Mulao 157 15 41 61 25 15

Naxi 219 23 59 85 36 15

Nu 20 2 6 8 3 1

Oroqen 10 1 3 4 1 0

Pumi 24 2 6 9 4 2

Qiang 252 25 65 103 44 14

Russian 16 1 5 7 2 1

Salar 85 13 29 26 12 4

She 800 89 221 314 137 40

Shui 261 24 76 104 40 16

Tajik 39 3 11 17 5 3

Tatar 5 0 1 2 1 0

Tibetan 4,563 414 1,256 1,784 737 372

Tu 196 31 65 62 29 9

Tujia 8,280 911 2,393 3,234 1,291 451

Uygur 7,872 530 2,287 3,445 1,096 514

Uzbek 12 1 3 5 2 1

Va 281 29 76 109 47 20

Xibe 250 32 77 100 33 8

Yao 2,193 219 590 858 342 184

Yi 5,645 573 1,522 2,235 948 366

Yugur 12 1 4 5 2 1

Zhuang 12,480 1,177 3,238 4,808 2,019 1,238


Table 7.3 Situations of students in secondary vocational schools (institutions) (person)

Ethnicgroup

Newenrollment

Totalenrollment

Graduates With professionalqualificationcertificates

Graduatesfor next year

Nationaltotal

6,499,626 17,749,068 5,411,252 3,384,287 5,734,745

Achang 149 464 104 65 132

Bai 8,121 24,686 5,707 3,613 7,110

Baonan 79 221 67 38 69

Blang 402 1,255 282 177 356

Buyi 12,700 32,776 7,893 5,059 9,774

Dai 5,081 15,841 3,561 2,230 4,494

Daur 536 1,558 495 234 564

Deang 78 245 55 34 69

Derung 33 101 24 15 30

Dong 13,691 36,434 9,303 6,162 11,101

Dongxiang 2,457 6,821 2,071 1,149 2,125

Ewenki 135 392 118 57 140

Gaoshan 25 67 20 12 22

Gelao 2,469 6,349 1,525 977 1,893

Han 5,968,734 16,287,568 5,022,048 3,151,059 5,285,156

Hani 6,293 19,653 4,416 2,763 5,574

Hezhe 15 44 16 7 17

Hui 57,800 150,659 44,041 25,310 47,499

Jing 157 419 91 59 117

Jingpo 578 1,805 406 254 512

Jino 91 285 64 40 81

Kazak 6,109 16,465 4,373 2,581 4,887

Kirgiz 783 2,111 562 331 628

Korean 6,599 19,227 6,916 3,097 6,626

Lahu 1,986 6,198 1,395 873 1,759

Lhoba 7 24 10 3 11

Li 9,336 23,979 5,216 2,673 6,960

Lisu 2,812 8,702 1,970 1,238 2,475

Manchu 40,729 120,949 41,428 20,195 42,584

Maonan 677 1,787 393 255 503

Miao 40,722 109,944 28,200 18,520 33,325(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Newenrollment

Totalenrollment

Graduates With professionalqualificationcertificates

Graduatesfor next year

Monba 20 70 30 10 32

Mongol 25,767 74,545 22,689 11,219 26,168

Mulao 1,401 3,714 809 527 1,038

Naxi 1,365 4,224 958 601 1,203

Nu 125 391 89 55 112

Oroqen 31 91 30 14 34

Pumi 147 459 103 65 130

Qiang 1,937 4,695 1,264 904 1,420

Russian 74 205 58 32 66

Salar 617 1,675 459 312 533

She 4,494 11,017 3,147 2,369 3,657

Shui 1,770 4,586 1,094 701 1,359

Tajik 201 542 145 86 161

Tatar 24 65 17 10 19

Tibetan 22,695 64,384 20,590 10,968 22,867

Tu 1,416 3,847 1,054 715 1,222

Tujia 34,403 97,629 31,404 20,706 32,671

Uygur 41,038 110,618 29,391 17,355 32,843

Uzbek 61 164 43 26 49

Va 1,744 5,421 1,230 770 1,543

Xibe 681 1,992 654 331 663

Yao 16,220 43,987 10,223 6,778 12,694

Yi 38,058 107,293 25,730 16,925 31,193

Yugur 66 183 56 31 57

Zhuang 112,779 302,243 65,287 42,470 84,032


Table 7.4 Basic statistics on regular senior secondary schools (person)

Ethnicgroup

Schools(unit)

Newenrollment

Totalenrollment

Graduates Teachersand staff

Full-timeteachers

Nationaltotal

13,688 8,507,799 24,548,227 7,877,401 2,427,386 1,556,829

Achang 0 196 531 155 57 34

Bai 20 11,140 29,931 8,691 3,126 1,903

Baonan 0 144 427 132 40 25

Blang 1 530 1,438 419 154 93

Buyi 37 23,161 57,953 15,299 4,964 3,084

Dai 12 6,685 18,123 5,284 1,948 1,177

Daur 2 895 2,620 876 271 171

Deang 0 103 280 82 30 18

Derung 0 45 123 37 13 8

Dong 34 21,018 54,644 15,595 4,948 3,124

Dongxiang 9 4,507 13,266 4,074 1,286 798

Ewenki 0 217 632 214 65 40

Gaoshan 0 30 87 28 9 5

Gelao 7 4,543 11,341 2,983 967 601

Han 12,411 7,785,305 22,542,177 7,262,433 2,224,588 1,431,800

Hani 15 8,297 22,488 6,557 2,418 1,462

Hezhe 0 27 81 26 8 5

Hui 134 74,795 214,809 69,256 21,646 13,888

Jing 0 147 402 123 35 23

Jingpo 1 763 2,068 603 222 134

Jino 0 120 327 95 35 21

Kazak 25 10,597 29,310 8,771 4,075 2,116

Kirgiz 3 1,358 3,758 1,126 522 271

Korean 19 11,771 34,044 11,082 3,124 2,089

Lahu 5 2,617 7,095 2,070 762 461

Lhoba 0 19 51 15 5 4

Li 17 9,982 27,637 8,395 3,436 1,613

Lisu 7 3,672 9,969 2,911 1,068 645

Manchu 111 62,943 188,922 62,629 17,912 12,367

Maonan 1 740 1,962 576 168 108

Miao 100 62,728 164,568 46,953 15,268 9,452

Monba 0 57 153 45 15 12(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Schools(unit)

Newenrollment

Totalenrollment


Full-timeteachers

Mongol 69 40,601 118,367 39,753 12,068 7,570

Mulao 2 1,391 3,754 1,129 324 209

Naxi 3 1,788 4,853 1,416 520 314

Nu 0 166 451 132 48 29

Oroqen 0 53 156 52 16 10

Pumi 0 194 526 154 57 34

Qiang 3 1,994 5,628 1,685 546 309

Russian 0 123 346 109 44 24

Salar 2 786 2,360 784 277 166

She 10 5,048 14,495 4,519 1,724 1,010

Shui 5 3,144 7,882 2,091 676 421

Tajik 1 346 957 287 132 69

Tatar 0 41 114 34 16 8

Tibetan 74 36,817 103,684 31,874 10,472 7,056

Tu 5 1,814 5,429 1,792 624 377

Tujia 81 53,203 151,022 47,793 14,036 9,005

Uygur 167 71,108 196,661 58,866 27,335 14,199

Uzbek 0 104 289 87 40 21

Va 4 2,296 6,231 1,822 667 405

Xibe 2 1,178 3,469 1,114 349 231

Yao 27 17,083 46,798 14,369 4,379 2,793

Yi 80 48,135 130,608 37,919 13,247 7,886

Yugur 0 120 355 109 33 21

Zhuang 166 105,359 288,228 88,206 25,348 16,347


Table 7.5 Basic statistics on regular junior secondary schools (person)

Ethnicgroup

Schools(unit)

Newenrollment

Totalenrollment

Graduates Full-timeteachers

Nationaltotal

54,117 16,347,296 50,668,024 17,366,786 3,524,517

Achang 1 549 1642 537 96

Bai 81 30,348 90,187 29,217 5,282

Baonan 1 268 841 297 56

Blang 4 1,485 4,439 1,451 259

Buyi 181 61,693 177,335 54,219 9,310

Dai 47 18,751 56,030 18,314 3,261

Daur 5 1,416 4,589 1,508 370

Deang 1 291 868 284 51

Derung 0 115 347 114 21

Dong 166 51,424 149,169 46,345 8,789

Dongxiang 32 8,402 26,369 9,327 1,796

Ewenki 1 333 1,042 343 82

Gaoshan 0 62 186 63 13

Gelao 36 12,125 34,826 10,628 1,821

Han 49,089 14,763,876 45,925,563 15,813,145 3,207,853

Hani 58 23,302 69,624 22,751 4,053

Hezhe 0 44 157 52 13

Hui 482 148,588 448,907 149,840 31,009

Jing 1 356 1,041 326 62

Jingpo 5 2,142 6,398 2,090 372

Jino 1 338 1,011 330 59

Kazak 78 22,065 66,115 22,240 5,766

Kirgiz 10 2,824 8,471 2,849 739

Korean 86 17,405 57,494 20,770 4,937

Lahu 18 7,342 21,939 7,170 1,277

Lhoba 0 50 153 50 10

Li 67 20,937 65,125 23,295 4,126

Lisu 26 10,209 30,526 9,995 1,781

Manchu 427 102,855 325,052 115,210 27,019

Maonan 5 1,853 5,377 1,663 306

Miao 476 152,804 446,915 140,975 26,249

Monba 0 150 459 149 31(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Schools(unit)

Newenrollment

Totalenrollment

Graduates Full-timeteachers

Mongol 220 64,914 200,608 66,923 15,788

Mulao 10 3,407 9,930 3,088 578

Naxi 13 4,969 14,859 4,865 867

Nu 1 465 1,390 454 81

Oroqen 0 83 277 91 22

Pumi 1 543 1,622 530 95

Qiang 15 3,948 12,179 4,296 757

Russian 1 231 702 235 59

Salar 7 1,663 4,907 1,455 328

She 29 8,763 27,119 9,979 2,021

Shui 25 8,381 24,097 7,370 1,269

Tajik 3 718 2,153 725 187

Tatar 0 85 255 86 22

Tibetan 252 84,979 258,624 84,262 16,942

Tu 15 3,831 11,340 3,396 747

Tujia 366 106,021 323,011 109,030 22,011

Uygur 525 148,048 443,617 149,212 38,689

Uzbek 1 217 652 219 57

Va 16 6,392 19,116 6,248 1,117

Xibe 8 2,027 6,355 2,245 540

Yao 121 39,295 115,763 36,695 7,315

Yi 349 122,623 366,991 121,037 21,397

Yugur 1 221 698 248 46

Zhuang 709 255,672 749,345 235,058 44,403


Table 7.6 Basic statistics on regular primary schools (person)

Ethnicgroup

Schools(unit)

Newenrollment

Totalenrollment


Full-timeteachers

Nationaltotal

241,249 17,367,980 99,263,674 16,628,054 5,584,868 5,604,861

Achang 11 523 3,390 583 191 188

Bai 565 28,819 185,151 31,978 10,154 10,053

Baonan 7 227 1,466 280 89 94

Blang 29 1,415 9,163 1,575 516 507

Buyi 992 52,286 339,714 63,959 16,334 16,480

Dai 362 17,854 115,635 19,883 6,505 6,400

Daur 17 1,387 7,891 1,413 664 620

Deang 6 277 1,793 308 101 99

Derung 2 111 705 121 40 40

Dong 821 48,071 297,882 52,746 14,548 14,718

Dongxiang 209 7,165 46,032 8,765 2,818 2,984

Ewenki 4 323 1,838 332 161 146

Gaoshan 1 68 389 63 21 21

Gelao 195 10,237 66,595 12,569 3,192 3,221

Han 215,315 15,792,455 89,778,526 15,003,763 5,049,448 5,061,323

Hani 450 22,191 143,766 24,714 8,093 7,959

Hezhe 1 45 251 44 20 19

Hui 2,661 156,210 917,135 155,250 50,441 52,290

Jing 7 372 2,193 364 120 113

Jingpo 41 2,039 13,207 2,271 743 731

Jino 7 322 2,086 359 117 116

Kazak 240 21,821 129,919 22,186 7,819 9,146

Kirgiz 31 2,794 16,628 2,839 1,003 1,171

Korean 351 18,318 104,599 17,214 8,776 8,284

Lahu 142 6,998 45,311 7,787 2,550 2,507

Lhoba 1 55 327 54 21 21

Li 366 20,507 126,900 21,956 8,086 8,404

Lisu 195 9,726 62,847 10,809 3,526 3,477

Manchu 1,613 113,206 635,260 103,053 43,025 42,834

Maonan 34 1,810 10,994 1,902 579 553

Miao 2,458 141,671 883,261 157,072 44,144 44,623

Monba 3 166 986 162 64 64(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Schools(unit)

Newenrollment

Totalenrollment


Full-timeteachers

Mongol 773 64,303 368,439 64,854 29,498 27,559

Mulao 65 3,458 20,628 3,488 1,111 1,050

Naxi 95 4,736 30,599 5,263 1,717 1,694

Nu 9 444 2,871 493 162 159

Oroqen 1 82 466 83 39 36

Pumi 10 517 3,347 575 188 185

Qiang 34 3,721 21,661 3,891 994 1,142

Russian 3 229 1,344 232 90 97

Salar 34 1,741 10,814 1,738 474 570

She 124 10,191 57,062 8,971 3,194 3,196

Shui 136 7,142 46,318 8,687 2,239 2,253

Tajik 8 711 4,228 722 254 296

Tatar 1 84 499 86 30 35

Tibetan 1,524 88,735 534,727 89,515 30,012 31,739

Tu 78 3,976 24,692 4,007 1,095 1,298

Tujia 1,510 108,021 629,305 105,373 32,021 32,600

Uygur 1,609 146,513 871,997 148,853 52,469 61,356

Uzbek 2 215 1,281 219 77 90

Va 123 6,103 39,421 6,773 2,218 2,182

Xibe 26 2,008 11,772 2,033 753 809

Yao 699 41,484 243,579 40,128 12,976 12,586

Yi 2,012 114,574 725,484 127,542 38,430 39,075

Yugur 6 186 1,206 232 74 77

Zhuang 4,985 266,326 1,575,422 261,953 86,779 81,465


Table 7.7 Student–teacher ratio by level of regular schools (number of teachers = 1)

Ethnicgroup

Primaryschool

Juniorsecondaryschool

Regularseniorsecondaryschool

Vocationalseniorsecondaryschool

Regularspecializedsecondaryschool

Regularinstitutionof highereducation

Nationalaverage

17.71 14.38 15.77 21.59 31.53 17.42

Achang 18.06 17.18 15.38 26.16 39.69 18.47

Bai 18.44 17.04 15.73 25.99 41.09 18.36

Baonan 15.69 15.08 16.78 17.46 22.40 18.47

Blang 18.06 17.16 15.39 26.15 39.67 18.47

Buyi 20.60 19.02 18.83 27.85 41.51 17.50

Dai 18.07 17.18 15.40 26.17 39.67 18.48

Daur 12.70 12.44 15.35 16.10 28.76 17.08

Deang 18.06 17.19 15.38 26.19 39.70 18.48

Derung 17.72 16.54 15.51 24.89 38.04 18.28

Dong 20.15 16.78 17.56 22.99 46.02 17.76

Dongxiang 15.47 14.81 16.66 18.38 22.14 18.48

Ewenki 12.59 12.65 15.64 16.03 29.83 17.49

Gaoshan 18.17 14.56 16.18 17.46 35.50 17.54

Gelao 20.66 19.11 18.92 27.98 41.68 17.49

Han 17.67 14.22 15.85 20.40 33.04 17.58

Hani 18.06 17.18 15.38 26.18 39.68 18.47

Hezhe 13.05 12.23 14.98 15.13 27.34 16.33

Hui 17.49 14.48 15.57 21.03 36.78 17.50

Jing 19.43 16.82 17.81 2.60 40.69 17.49

Jingpo 18.07 17.18 15.39 26.16 39.69 18.47

Jino 18.06 17.18 15.39 26.18 39.68 18.48

Kazak 14.21 11.47 13.85 26.89 22.44 16.66

Kirgiz 14.19 11.47 13.86 26.79 22.50 16.65

Korean 12.70 11.61 16.40 16.20 22.65 17.06

Lahu 18.07 17.17 15.39 26.17 39.68 18.47

Lhoba 15.65 14.93 13.42 1.97 32.84 15.67

Li 15.16 15.79 17.15 22.93 53.25 18.72

Lisu 18.08 17.14 15.46 26.15 39.51 18.47

Manchu 14.79 11.99 15.35 16.73 23.48 17.13

Maonan 19.83 17.52 18.22 8.73 41.04 17.48

Miao 19.71 16.85 17.46 24.53 44.69 17.82(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Primaryschool

Juniorsecondaryschool

Regularseniorsecondaryschool

Vocationalseniorsecondaryschool

Regularspecializedsecondaryschool

Regularinstitutionof highereducation

Monba 15.53 14.91 13.24 0.94 32.57 15.61

Mongol 13.39 12.68 15.68 16.78 28.75 17.43

Mulao 19.63 17.13 18.00 4.79 40.82 17.49

Naxi 18.08 17.13 15.45 26.06 39.50 18.46

Nu 18.02 17.11 15.35 25.70 39.47 18.42

Oroqen 12.81 12.41 15.29 15.47 28.54 16.90

Pumi 18.05 17.15 15.39 26.11 39.58 18.46

Qiang 18.96 16.08 18.24 25.89 35.40 18.30

Russian 13.76 11.99 14.53 22.40 25.57 17.00

Salar 19.04 15.02 14.24 13.72 32.27 14.67

She 17.84 13.34 14.50 11.14 32.02 17.25

Shui 20.54 18.95 18.77 27.00 41.51 17.49

Tajik 14.32 11.57 13.93 26.64 22.88 16.69

Tatar 14.35 11.68 14.00 26.21 22.85 16.76

Tibetan 17.23 15.33 14.89 10.87 32.86 16.21

Tu 19.05 15.19 14.45 14.10 32.60 14.94

Tujia 19.20 14.54 16.81 24.54 43.89 17.81

Uygur 14.22 11.47 13.85 26.88 22.50 16.66

Uzbek 14.27 11.53 13.88 26.69 22.75 16.68

Va 18.06 17.12 15.40 26.05 39.55 18.45

Xibe 14.64 11.80 15.16 18.58 20.42 16.89

Yao 19.38 15.80 16.84 9.91 45.33 17.90

Yi 18.60 17.09 16.57 26.29 38.70 18.32

Yugur 15.60 15.10 16.88 17.46 22.28 18.61

Zhuang 19.35 16.87 17.68 3.00 40.62 17.58


Table 7.8 Number of students per 100,000 population by level (person)

Ethnicgroup

Kindergartens Primaryeducation

Juniorsecondary

Seniorsecondary

Highereducation

Nationalaverage

2,554 7,403 3,779 3,489 2,253

Achang 2,363 9,195 4,453 2,913 1,528

Bai 2,390 9,304 4,535 2,955 1,549

Baonan 1,763 8,615 4,953 4,176 1,988

Blang 2,365 9,183 4,449 2,916 1,532

Buyi 2,535 11,529 6,019 3,191 1,294

Dai 2,364 9,188 4,452 2,915 1,529

Daur 1,764 5,571 3,244 3,216 2,111

Deang 2,361 9,204 4,456 2,910 1,524

Derung 2,364 8,775 4,328 3,026 1,661

Dong 2,586 9,974 5,001 3,231 1,604

Dongxiang 1,837 8,625 4,952 4,129 1,980

Ewenki 1,812 5,661 3,211 3,300 2,004

Gaoshan 2,691 8,235 3,939 3,539 2,167

Gelao 2,535 11,610 6,071 3,195 1,282

Han 2,570 7,394 3,783 3,544 2,284

Hani 2,362 9,193 4,452 2,910 1,528

Hezhe 1,565 5,089 3,182 3,038 2,461

Hui 2,363 8,511 4,177 3,668 2,044

Jing 3,078 9,249 4,389 3,717 1,704

Jingpo 2,363 9,202 4,458 2,914 1,527

Jino 2,361 9,191 4,452 2,911 1,529

Kazak 2,975 8,781 4,469 3,294 1,525

Kirgiz 2,964 8,741 4,454 3,289 1,533

Korean 1,718 5,214 2,865 2,921 2,714

Lahu 2,364 9,196 4,453 2,914 1,529

Lhoba 1,501 9,652 4,506 2,255 1,501

Li 2,421 8,923 4,580 3,943 2,042

Lisu 2,370 9,133 4,438 2,931 1,539

Manchu 2,013 5,596 2,870 2,988 2,570

Maonan 2,945 9,949 4,872 3,591 1,572

Miao 2,560 9,756 4,945 3,231 1,640

Monba 1,438 9,626 4,478 2,193 1,498(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Kindergartens Primaryeducation

Juniorsecondary

Seniorsecondary

Highereducation

Mongol 1,931 5,948 3,242 3,265 2,062

Mulao 3,033 9,526 4,587 3,681 1,649

Naxi 2,366 9,138 4,439 2,927 1,541

Nu 2,355 9,181 4,444 2,906 1,533

Oroqen 1,687 5,349 3,185 3,168 2,229

Pumi 2,363 9,173 4,446 2,917 1,534

Qiang 2,622 7,232 4,067 3,619 1,906

Russian 2,512 7,508 3,928 3,286 1,790

Salar 2,321 8,989 4,096 3,750 1,238

She 3,392 7,287 3,466 3,634 2,143

Shui 2,548 11,460 5,964 3,200 1,303

Tajik 2,962 8,736 4,450 3,304 1,549

Tatar 2,901 8,687 4,443 3,323 1,592

Tibetan 1,937 8,906 4,337 3,010 1,542

Tu 2,322 8,951 4,130 3,761 1,288

Tujia 2,543 7,855 4,046 3,411 2,255

Uygur 2,976 8,775 4,464 3,292 1,527

Uzbek 2,971 8,759 4,456 3,298 1,541

Va 2,370 9,158 4,441 2,927 1,542

Xibe 2,135 5,728 3,100 2,925 2,482

Yao 2,874 8,696 4,121 3,537 1,796

Yi 2,453 8,918 4,525 3,139 1,605

Yugur 1,738 8,570 4,964 4,193 2,036

Zhuang 3,059 9,193 4,368 3,712 1,694


Tab

le7.

9B

asic

stat

isti

cson

educ

atio

nal

fund

s(1

0,00

0yu

an)

Eth

nic

grou

pG

over

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riat

ion

for

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and

mis

cell

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usfe

es

Oth

ered

ucat

iona

lfu

nds

Ach

ang

3,59

23,

386

1419

544

432

115

Bai

189,

605

178,

485

815

948

30,8

7824

,247

5,96

3

Bao

nan

1,84

91,

766

512

263

216

22

Bla

ng9,

719

9,16

239

521,

478

1,17

231

2

Buy

i26

9,02

725

2,56

11,

414

728

41,0

1929

,955

5,22

2

Dai

122,

525

115,

526

490

652

18,5

8814

,731

3,90

7

Dau

r17

,603

16,3

2841

192,

901

2,41

928

9

Dea

ng1,

899

1,79

17

1028

622

760

Der

ung

797

748

44

134

106

25

Don

g25

3,35

123

6,55

11,

572

800

55,9

0042

,393

6,82

0

Don

gxia

ng58

,529

55,7

4615

538

68,

280

6,74

177

1

Ew

enki

4,50

44,

194

84

665

543

82

Gao

shan

478

442

43

120

9414

Gel

ao52

,180

49,0

3927

813

27,

874

5,73

698

0

Han

119,

673,

595

109,

535,

494

994,

255

877,

501

33,5

57,3

7225

,894

,730

4,28

1,54

2

Han

i15

2,31

414

3,60

760

480

623

,056

18,3

014,

874

Hez

he45

141

22

111

196

5

Hui

1,30

1,23

91,

217,

164

7,18

36,

341

218,

075

169,

380

30,3

54

Jing

2,08

31,

950

137

449

355

40(continued)


Tab

le7.

9(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pG

over

nmen

tap

prop

riat

ion

for

educ

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from

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acti

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and

mis

cell

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usfe

es

Oth

ered

ucat

iona

lfu

nds

Jing

po13

,976

13,1

7956

742,

118

1,68

144

5

Jino

2,21

22,

086

912

334

265

71

Kaz

ak22

,037

920

6,10

615

598

921

,287

15,3

824,

647

Kir

giz

28,2

2626

,393

2112

62,

750

1,99

359

4

Kor

ean

203,

249

189,

497

835

360

49,0

8640

,609

3,02

4

Lah

u47

,942

45,2

0119

125

47,

275

5,77

31,

534

Lho

ba69

267

41

126

211

Li

183,

021

168,

999

2,44

32,

145

37,8

0029

,763

4,17

6

Lis

u66

,726

62,8

9327

336

910

,277

8,08

42,

106

Man

chu

1,21

6,65

21,

111,

290

6,98

51,

890

292,

611

238,

702

24,0

33

Mao

nan

9,77

29,

164

5827

1,92

01,

495

176

Mia

o79

5,74

074

3,67

35,

459

3,51

416

8,67

612

6,84

624

,254

Mon

ba2,

146

2,08

93

475

623

Mon

gol

832,

862

774,

741

2,02

096

913

0,48

110

5,29

915

,774

Mul

ao19

,106

17,8

9312

058

4,02

53,

166

355

Nax

i32

,731

30,8

5413

318

15,

008

3,93

91,

028

Nu

3,10

32,

927

1216

462

367

96

Oro

qen

993

918

31

186

158

15

Pum

i3,

557

3,35

314

1954

142

911

3(continued)


Tab

le7.

9(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

pG

over

nmen

tap

prop

riat

ion

for

educ

atio

n

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ryF

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ate

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me

from

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hing

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and

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ary

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vity

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and

mis

cell

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usfe

es

Oth

ered

ucat

iona

lfu

nds

Qia

ng25

,524

23,7

9426

241

06,

891

4,22

039

9

Rus

sian

2,60

12,

427

39

311

237

54

Sal

ar20

,042

19,2

5632

611,

386

1,06

726

9

She

85,3

6475

,618

1,45

71,

046

26,7

5320

,571

3,97

6

Shu

i36

,834

34,6

0218

998

5,61

34,

114

711

Taj

ik7,

131

6,66

86

3271

451

815

2

Tat

ar84

679

11

486

6318

Tib

etan

990,

672

957,

300

2,29

73,

821

70,2

1850

,999

5,88

2

Tu

44,4

3542

,651

9014

43,

467

2,68

062

7

Tuj

ia64

1,37

259

5,53

66,

585

4,04

820

3,54

315

2,56

433

,989

Uyg

ur1,

478,

921

1,38

3,02

21,

067

6,63

914

3,49

910

3,72

431

,264

Uzb

ek2,

172

2,03

12

1021

515

646

Va

41,8

0339

,394

171

222

6,43

75,

099

1,33

5

Xib

e24

,159

22,0

7114

343

5,16

94,

130

511

Yao

237,

221

221,

631

1,80

993

661

,314

48,2

216,

241

Yi

758,

967

713,

488

4,23

75,

724

135,

998

98,4

0320

,280

Yug

ur1,

499

1,43

04

1022

418

418

Zhu

ang

1,51

4,99

21,

419,

834

9,86

15,

052

328,

225

260,

208

29,4

76


Table 7.10 Number of patents’ application accepted (piece)

Ethnic group Total Inventions Utility models Designs

National total 1,504,670 415,829 581,303 507,538

Achang 6 2 3 1

Bai 421 148 180 93

Baonan 4 1 2 1

Blang 18 7 8 3

Buyi 890 240 337 312

Dai 214 81 94 39

Daur 53 15 24 14

Deang 3 1 1 1

Derung 2 1 1 1

Dong 1,166 326 474 366

Dongxiang 112 43 53 16

Ewenki 9 3 4 2

Gaoshan 4 1 2 1

Gelao 165 46 62 57

Han 1,433,869 389,049 551,125 493,695

Hani 267 101 116 49

Hezhe 4 1 1 1

Hui 6,385 2,258 2,741 1,386

Jing 6 2 2 2

Jingpo 24 9 11 4

Jino 4 1 2 1

Kazak 324 88 186 50

Kirgiz 43 11 24 7

Korean 1,113 399 492 222

Lahu 84 32 37 16

Lhoba 1 0 0 0

Li 276 126 95 56

Lisu 124 45 54 25

Manchu 8,362 3,309 3,800 1,253

Maonan 26 8 11 7

Miao 3,659 1,031 1,550 1,078

Monba 2 1 0 1

Mongol 2,073 742 970 361(continued)




Mulao 56 17 23 16

Naxi 62 23 27 12

Nu 6 2 2 1

Oroqen 4 1 2 1

Pumi 6 2 3 1

Qiang 187 45 72 70

Russian 6 2 3 1

Salar 20 7 7 6

She 1,126 200 508 419

Shui 119 33 44 42

Tajik 12 3 6 2

Tatar 2 0 1 0

Tibetan 1,377 396 473 508

Tu 62 18 22 22

Tujia 5,390 1,445 2,402 1,543

Uygur 2,214 601 1,263 349

Uzbek 4 1 2 1

Va 80 29 36 15

Xibe 149 57 70 21

Yao 1,142 340 463 339

Yi 2,416 709 977 730

Yugur 3 1 1 0

Zhuang 4,405 1,397 1,814 1,194


Table 7.11 Number of patents’ application granted (piece)


National total 883,861 112,347 405,086 366,428

Achang 4 1 2 1

Bai 237 50 123 65

Baonan 2 0 1 0

Blang 10 2 5 3

Buyi 416 63 212 141

Dai 126 29 65 32

Daur 29 5 15 8

Deang 2 0 1 0

Derung 1 0 1 0

Dong 606 92 308 206

Dongxiang 52 11 34 7

Ewenki 5 1 3 1

Gaoshan 2 0 1 1

Gelao 75 12 39 24

Han 839,548 101,769 381,274 356,504

Hani 157 35 81 40

Hezhe 2 0 1 1

Hui 3420 638 1,873 909

Jing 3 0 2 1

Jingpo 14 3 7 3

Jino 2 1 1 1

Kazak 181 21 134 25

Kirgiz 24 3 17 3

Korean 610 127 349 134

Lahu 50 11 26 13

Lhoba 0 0 0 0

Li 144 46 63 35

Lisu 73 16 37 20

Manchu 4,416 892 2,797 727

Maonan 13 2 7 4

Miao 1,889 286 975 628

Monba 1 0 0 0

Mongol 1,147 205 692 251(continued)




Mulao 31 5 16 11

Naxi 37 8 19 10

Nu 3 1 2 1

Oroqen 2 0 1 1

Pumi 4 1 2 1

Qiang 107 12 47 47

Russian 3 1 2 1

Salar 13 2 5 6

She 792 65 378 349

Shui 54 8 27 19

Tajik 6 1 5 1

Tatar 1 0 1 0

Tibetan 795 113 302 381

Tu 41 6 15 20

Tujia 2,726 397 1,467 863

Uygur 1,235 144 912 179

Uzbek 2 0 1 0

Va 47 10 25 12

Xibe 77 13 53 11

Yao 674 102 327 246

Yi 1,365 220 651 494

Yugur 2 0 1 0

Zhuang 2,559 378 1,308 872


Tab

le7.

12T

rans

acti

onva

lue

inte

chni

cal

mar

kets

(10,

000

yuan

)

Eth

nic

grou

p20

0420

0520

0620

0720

0820

0920

1020

11

Nat

iona

lto

tal

13,3

43,6

3015

,513

,694

18,1

81,8

1322

,265

,261

26,6

52,2

8830

,390

,024

39,0

65,7

5347

,635

,589

Ach

ang

175

131

7184

4890

9810

8

Bai

9,33

47,

464

5,03

25,

847

4,56

86,

594

7,59

88,

638

Bao

nan

8111

213

917

319

823

428

635

3

Bla

ng47

735

719

422

713

324

426

929

2

Buy

i2,

572

2,42

62,

045

2,46

33,

971

3,96

29,

409

14,7

51

Dai

6,00

44,

516

2,49

62,

949

1,75

33,

205

3,49

43,

828

Dau

r87

695

51,

098

1,47

11,

602

2,00

12,

702

2,90

1

Dea

ng93

6938

4425

4852

57

Der

ung

4639

3136

3343

5259

Don

g8,

839

9,33

39,

214

9,93

511

,814

11,4

3915

,107

18,6

43

Don

gxia

ng2,

607

3,40

64,

165

5,03

85,

709

6,59

98,

085

9,86

7

Ew

enki

196

216

240

284

294

388

578

582

Gao

shan

5969

8510

312

014

017

621

1

Gel

ao46

145

241

049

281

079

51,

890

2,94

7

Han

12,6

25,8

1114

,785

,404

16,6

59,8

2920

,278

,701

24,1

71,4

6127

,430

,833

34,7

92,7

4542

,830

,708

Han

i7,

452

5,58

63,

031

3,57

32,

054

3,83

44,

165

4,54

0

Hez

he46

5368

101

118

140

167

199

Hui

128,

090

145,

861

181,

060

228,

915

267,

075

314,

660

396,

087

497,

046

Jing

5963

2631

4443

6784

(continued)


Tab

le7.

12(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

p20

0420

0520

0620

0720

0820

0920

1020

11

Jing

po68

451

528

333

620

036

540

043

9

Jino

109

8246

5533

6065

71

Kaz

ak9,

152

5,58

35,

386

5,15

95,

362

1,26

23,

612

3,63

6

Kir

giz

1,17

171

568

966

669

317

247

247

7

Kor

ean

18,3

5221

,167

25,5

2532

,415

37,0

0042

,594

49,0

0760

,490

Lah

u2,

334

1,74

493

11,

097

618

1,17

01,

271

1,38

4

Lho

ba4

45

68

911

13

Li

560

1,87

21,

676

1,56

96,

081

1,45

95,

924

6,46

2

Lis

u3,

205

2,40

71,

314

1,55

292

31,

706

1,84

02,

023

Man

chu

192,

527

221,

929

256,

385

314,

376

353,

603

422,

959

506,

260

612,

042

Mao

nan

193

205

6375

132

116

229

325

Mia

o36

,449

32,3

9034

,081

33,9

3841

,635

38,5

6355

,437

63,7

90

Mon

ba17

2128

3337

4349

57

Mon

gol

47,0

3951

,954

56,9

8666

,508

70,5

5189

,135

123,

587

132,

868

Mul

ao49

454

424

229

143

541

364

783

1

Nax

i1,

631

1,25

476

891

363

51,

049

1,16

91,

311

Nu

148

112

6273

4480

8897

Oro

qen

6169

8311

613

016

020

522

9

Pum

i17

613

476

9057

100

111

123

Qia

ng69

479

51,

074

1,26

51,

773

2,20

42,

274

2,80

7(continued)


Tab

le7.

12(c

onti

nued

)

Eth

nic

grou

p20

0420

0520

0620

0720

0820

0920

1020

11

Rus

sian

173

163

197

231

257

277

379

430

Sal

ar45

447

178

61,

377

1,87

42,

097

2,77

13,

897

She

4,46

34,

354

3,82

74,

603

5,78

36,

340

8,58

09,

517

Shu

i36

033

223

328

045

946

21,

196

1,90

2

Taj

ik30

519

319

018

619

769

151

158

Tat

ar45

3438

4146

3653

61

Tib

etan

9,68

410

,862

15,8

2324

,298

32,6

9837

,897

46,7

8563

,767

Tu

920

990

1,59

72,

841

3,91

44,

348

5,74

68,

136

Tuj

ia67

,967

59,8

3569

,642

67,3

3385

,518

79,0

4010

7,78

211

9,16

1

Uyg

ur61

,777

37,9

1736

,679

35,2

4436

,711

9,30

725

,217

25,5

43

Uzb

ek96

6364

6570

3361

67

Va

2,07

51,

578

867

1,02

063

61,

110

1,23

11,

347

Xib

e3,

218

3,56

73,

618

4,26

94,

682

5,47

26,

304

7,63

8

Yao

10,4

9411

,842

9,14

610

,098

12,4

7811

,443

13,8

0815

,180

Yi

29,9

1224

,422

17,8

6621

,076

20,0

1228

,912

31,9

5838

,463

Yug

ur82

111

141

174

199

237

291

355

Zhu

ang

42,8

5546

,525

17,9

0221

,443

31,5

7829

,050

43,7

8453

,920


Table 7.13 Main indicators on Internet development (year-end)

Ethnicgroup

Broadband subscribersport of Internet (10,000ports)

Dial-up subscribers ofInternet (10,000subscribers)

Broadband subscribers ofInternet (10,000subscribers)

Nationaltotal

23,239.4 550.7 15,000.1

Achang 0.4 0.1 0.2

Bai 20.4 3.0 13.2

Baonan 0.2 0.0 0.1

Blang 1.0 0.2 0.7

Buyi 37.1 0.6 18.4

Dai 12.3 2.3 8.2

Daur 2.4 0.0 1.4

Deang 0.2 0.0 0.1

Derung 0.1 0.0 0.1

Dong 38.3 0.4 21.5

Dongxiang 5.6 0.2 3.1

Ewenki 0.5 0.0 0.3

Gaoshan 0.1 0.0 0.1

Gelao 7.2 0.1 3.5

Han 21,666.4 498.7 13,998.9

Hani 15.2 2.8 10.2

Hezhe 0.1 0.0 0.1

Hui 159.9 5.6 102.3

Jing 0.3 0.0 0.2

Jingpo 1.4 0.3 0.9

Jino 0.2 0.0 0.1

Kazak 21.6 0.5 14.0

Kirgiz 2.8 0.1 1.8

Korean 37.8 0.7 23.5

Lahu 4.8 0.9 3.2

Lhoba 0.0 0.0 0.0

Li 20.9 0.0 13.1

Lisu 6.7 1.2 4.5

Manchu 231.1 5.0 152.1

Maonan 1.4 0.0 0.9

Miao 114.4 3.1 65.8(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Broadband subscribersport of Internet (10,000ports)

Dial-up subscribers ofInternet (10,000subscribers)

Broadband subscribers ofInternet (10,000subscribers)

Monba 0.1 0.0 0.0

Mongol 106.6 1.0 63.4

Mulao 2.9 0.0 1.9

Naxi 3.3 0.6 2.2

Nu 0.3 0.1 0.2

Oroqen 0.1 0.0 0.1

Pumi 0.4 0.1 0.2

Qiang 3.7 0.0 2.5

Russian 0.3 0.0 0.2

Salar 1.4 0.0 0.9

She 18.1 0.4 12.0

Shui 5.1 0.1 2.5

Tajik 0.7 0.0 0.5

Tatar 0.1 0.0 0.1

Tibetan 60.9 0.7 35.7

Tu 3.2 0.0 2.1

Tujia 109.1 0.9 70.8

Uygur 145.4 3.1 93.9

Uzbek 0.2 0.0 0.1

Va 4.3 0.8 2.9

Xibe 4.2 0.1 2.7

Yao 37.5 0.9 25.1

Yi 86.7 9.7 56.5

Yugur 0.1 0.0 0.1

Zhuang 224.9 5.9 156.5


Notes

The Ministry of Education provides statistical data on education undertakings andeducation funding. Data on technical training schools are provided by Ministry ofHuman Resources and Social Security. Detailed information can be found inStatistical Yearbook on China’s Educational Undertakings compiled by Depart-ment of Planning and Development, Ministry of Education; and the StatisticalYearbook on National Education Funding compiled by the Department of Finance,Ministry of Education.

The China Association for Science and Technology provides data on the sci-entific and technological activities. Data on patents are provided by the StateIntellectual Property Office.

Data on Internet development come from China Telecom, China Mobile, andChina Unicom.


Chapter 8Public Health and Social Security

Table 8.1 Medical technical personnel in healthcare institutions per 1,000 persons (person)

Ethnic group Medical technicalpersonnel

Licensed (assistant)doctors

Registered nurses

Total City County Total City County Total City County

Nationaltotal

4.58 7.90 3.19 1.82 3.00 1.33 1.66 3.29 0.98

Achang 3.33 8.05 2.59 1.42 3.49 1.10 1.15 3.00 0.86

Bai 3.33 7.98 2.57 1.41 3.37 1.09 1.16 3.08 0.85

Baonan 4.00 6.56 3.05 1.55 2.62 1.15 1.29 2.62 0.79

Blang 3.33 8.04 2.59 1.42 3.48 1.10 1.15 3.00 0.86

Buyi 2.79 7.34 2.06 1.11 2.81 0.84 1.02 3.26 0.66

Dai 3.33 8.04 2.59 1.42 3.48 1.10 1.15 3.00 0.86

Daur 5.33 8.96 3.78 2.22 3.52 1.68 1.78 3.56 1.01

Deang 3.32 8.06 2.58 1.42 3.49 1.10 1.15 3.00 0.86

Derung 3.61 8.03 2.74 1.52 3.41 1.18 1.26 3.06 0.89

Dong 3.31 7.48 2.46 1.30 2.79 1.00 1.21 3.34 0.77

Dongxiang 4.12 6.63 3.19 1.58 2.65 1.19 1.35 2.64 0.86

Ewenki 5.36 9.18 3.84 2.29 3.68 1.75 1.75 3.62 1.01

Gaoshan 4.53 8.02 3.20 1.80 3.06 1.36 1.66 3.38 0.99

Gelao 2.76 7.32 2.03 1.10 2.80 0.83 1.01 3.27 0.65

Han 4.67 7.78 3.37 1.86 2.97 1.43 1.70 3.25 1.03

Hani 3.32 8.05 2.59 1.42 3.49 1.10 1.15 3.00 0.86

Hezhe 5.24 8.26 3.53 2.07 3.08 1.52 1.80 3.34 0.93(continued)


317




Registered nurses


Hui 4.80 8.41 3.37 1.90 3.22 1.43 1.72 3.44 1.00

Jing 3.81 6.55 2.89 1.40 2.41 1.06 1.43 2.77 0.97

Jingpo 3.33 8.05 2.58 1.42 3.49 1.10 1.15 3.00 0.86

Jino 3.33 8.05 2.59 1.42 3.49 1.10 1.15 3.00 0.86

Kazak 5.92 10.57 4.96 2.25 4.15 1.85 2.21 4.30 1.78

Kirgiz 5.92 10.55 4.95 2.25 4.15 1.85 2.21 4.29 1.77

Korean 5.25 7.60 3.93 2.19 3.10 1.70 1.85 3.05 1.17

Lahu 3.33 8.05 2.59 1.42 3.48 1.10 1.15 3.00 0.86

Lhoba 3.65 12.57 2.97 1.42 5.53 1.12 0.80 4.45 0.51

Li 4.68 8.71 3.41 1.69 3.04 1.26 1.96 3.94 1.33

Lisu 3.34 8.00 2.60 1.43 3.46 1.11 1.16 2.99 0.86

Manchu 5.34 8.59 3.46 2.23 3.42 1.57 1.95 3.57 1.00

Maonan 3.51 6.71 2.65 1.31 2.49 0.99 1.31 2.89 0.88

Miao 3.31 7.37 2.49 1.33 2.82 1.03 1.20 3.22 0.78

Monba 3.68 12.78 3.01 1.43 5.65 1.14 0.78 4.49 0.49

Mongol 5.29 9.10 3.76 2.26 3.65 1.71 1.78 3.64 1.03

Mulao 3.72 6.63 2.80 1.37 2.44 1.04 1.39 2.83 0.94

Naxi 3.35 8.03 2.60 1.43 3.47 1.11 1.16 3.00 0.86

Nu 3.35 8.12 2.60 1.43 3.52 1.11 1.15 3.02 0.86

Oroqen 5.28 8.70 3.67 2.18 3.37 1.63 1.77 3.47 0.96

Pumi 3.34 8.05 2.59 1.43 3.48 1.10 1.16 3.00 0.86

Qiang 3.90 6.28 3.03 1.70 2.46 1.42 1.34 2.66 0.87

Russian 5.77 10.00 4.53 2.29 3.96 1.83 2.07 4.03 1.47

Salar 4.88 12.73 3.26 2.00 4.73 1.43 1.71 5.33 0.95

She 4.78 8.66 3.37 1.89 3.32 1.38 1.81 3.61 1.16

Shui 2.80 7.30 2.08 1.12 2.80 0.85 1.02 3.24 0.67

Tajik 5.88 10.46 4.90 2.23 4.11 1.84 2.19 4.26 1.75

Tatar 5.86 10.35 4.85 2.23 4.06 1.82 2.18 4.21 1.72

Tibetan 3.96 10.85 3.02 1.61 4.50 1.25 1.13 4.13 0.69

Tu 4.79 12.32 3.19 1.96 4.58 1.40 1.67 5.16 0.93(continued)

318 8 Public Health and Social Security




Registered nurses


Tujia 3.85 6.99 2.89 1.52 2.60 1.20 1.41 3.09 0.89

Uygur 5.92 10.56 4.96 2.25 4.15 1.85 2.21 4.30 1.78

Uzbek 5.92 10.53 4.94 2.25 4.14 1.85 2.21 4.28 1.77

Va 3.35 8.02 2.61 1.43 3.47 1.11 1.16 3.00 0.87

Xibe 5.63 8.79 3.66 2.29 3.45 1.59 2.15 3.72 1.15

Yao 3.94 7.25 2.90 1.50 2.68 1.13 1.46 3.11 0.94

Yi 3.42 7.47 2.65 1.46 3.12 1.16 1.19 2.93 0.84

Yugur 3.99 6.33 3.04 1.54 2.53 1.14 1.29 2.52 0.78

Zhuang 3.84 6.65 2.89 1.42 2.47 1.07 1.43 2.79 0.97

8 Public Health and Social Security 319

Table 8.2 Village clinics by ethnic group

Ethnicgroup

Village clinics (unit) Villageswithclinics as% of total

Total Run byvillage

Townshiphospitals

Jointlyrun

Run byprivate

Others

Nationaltotal

662,894 372,661 56,128 33,639 175,747 24,719 93.4

Achang 11 7 1 1 1 1 99.9

Bai 690 447 67 46 86 44 99.9

Baonan 11 5 1 1 3 0 100.0

Blang 29 20 3 2 1 2 99.9

Buyi 1,680 693 136 40 704 107 99.6

Dai 367 250 41 31 18 27 99.9

Daur 70 36 9 2 21 2 99.6

Deang 6 4 1 0 0 0 100.0

Derung 3 2 0 0 0 0 99.3

Dong 1,775 946 104 45 601 78 99.6

Dongxiang 332 159 38 23 102 10 100.0

Ewenki 18 8 2 0 6 1 99.6

Gaoshan 3 1 0 0 1 0 97.4

Gelao 330 135 27 7 139 21 99.8

Han 603,568 345,606 47,574 30,421 158,348 21,619 94.7

Hani 454 310 52 38 21 33 99.9

Hezhe 2 1 0 0 0 0 99.0

Hui 5,579 2,656 626 408 1,678 211 97.0

Jing 12 4 0 0 6 0 99.8

Jingpo 42 29 5 4 2 3 99.9

Jino 7 5 1 1 0 0 99.9

Kazak 666 116 346 88 43 73 100.0

Kirgiz 85 15 44 11 6 9 100.0

Korean 831 395 56 68 285 29 99.0

Lahu 144 98 16 12 7 11 99.9

Lhoba 6 2 3 0 0 1 99.3

Li 433 130 10 4 268 19 98.5

Lisu 207 139 23 17 14 15 99.9

Manchu 6,158 3,018 216 236 2,579 110 99.1(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Village clinics (unit) Villageswithclinics as% of total

Total Run byvillage

Townshiphospitals

Jointlyrun

Run byprivate

Others

Maonan 58 22 2 2 29 3 99.9

Miao 4,919 2,654 327 150 1,548 240 99.6

Monba 17 6 9 1 0 2 99.2

Mongol 3,481 1,607 384 115 1,279 95 99.6

Mulao 111 42 4 4 57 4 99.7

Naxi 103 68 12 8 6 8 99.9

Nu 10 6 1 1 0 1 99.7

Oroqen 4 2 0 0 1 0 99.4

Pumi 11 7 1 1 1 1 99.9

Qiang 200 100 6 12 72 11 99.9

Russian 9 3 3 1 2 1 99.2

Salar 88 42 9 14 20 3 99.9

She 373 227 11 8 104 23 87.4

Shui 228 94 18 6 96 14 99.8

Tajik 22 4 11 3 2 2 99.9

Tatar 3 1 1 0 0 0 99.6

Tibetan 7,016 2,711 2,668 396 618 623 99.7

Tu 198 96 20 30 46 6 99.7

Tujia 4,282 2,747 328 183 870 154 99.1

Uygur 4,471 781 2,317 590 292 492 100.0

Uzbek 7 1 3 1 0 1 99.9

Va 128 87 15 11 7 9 99.6

Xibe 95 42 11 6 33 3 99.6

Yao 1,455 779 44 47 540 44 99.9

Yi 3,398 1,926 252 221 782 217 99.9

Yugur 9 5 1 1 3 0 99.9

Zhuang 8,260 3,191 228 312 4,222 307 99.9


Table 8.3 Number of beds in healthcare institutions per 1,000 population (bed)

Ethnicgroup

Beds of medicalinstitutions per 1,000population

Hospitals and healthcenters per 1,000population

Beds of township healthcenters per 1,000 ruralpopulation

Total Urban Rural

Nationalaverage

3.81 6.24 2.80 3.50 1.16

Achang 3.80 7.95 3.15 3.56 0.95

Bai 3.69 7.71 3.03 3.45 0.96

Baonan 3.58 5.52 2.87 3.36 1.11

Blang 3.80 7.94 3.15 3.56 0.96

Buyi 2.83 6.26 2.28 2.60 0.84

Dai 3.80 7.94 3.15 3.56 0.95

Daur 4.25 7.37 2.90 3.82 1.10

Deang 3.80 7.96 3.16 3.56 0.95

Derung 3.84 7.66 3.12 3.58 1.00

Dong 3.08 6.35 2.42 2.84 1.00

Dongxiang 3.72 5.59 3.03 3.50 1.16

Ewenki 4.13 7.24 2.89 3.69 1.13

Gaoshan 3.71 6.47 2.69 3.41 1.07

Gelao 2.81 6.24 2.26 2.58 0.84

Han 3.85 6.30 2.84 3.53 1.16

Hani 3.80 7.95 3.15 3.56 0.95

Hezhe 4.36 7.38 2.69 3.93 0.96

Hui 4.07 6.97 2.97 3.80 1.03

Jing 2.89 4.63 2.32 2.69 1.04

Jingpo 3.80 7.95 3.15 3.56 0.95

Jino 3.80 7.95 3.16 3.56 0.95

Kazak 5.69 8.92 5.01 5.39 1.69

Kirgiz 5.67 8.91 4.99 5.37 1.68

Korean 4.51 7.03 3.14 4.14 1.17

Lahu 3.80 7.95 3.15 3.56 0.95

Lhoba 3.24 9.03 2.79 3.09 1.14

Li 3.13 5.39 2.42 2.96 0.98

Lisu 3.80 7.88 3.15 3.56 0.97




Ethnicgroup

Beds of medicalinstitutions per 1,000population

Hospitals and healthcenters per 1,000population

Beds of township healthcenters per 1,000 ruralpopulation

Total Urban Rural

Maonan 2.84 4.99 2.28 2.63 0.99

Miao 3.19 6.41 2.55 2.95 1.02

Monba 3.25 9.13 2.80 3.09 1.14

Mongol 4.23 7.33 2.98 3.82 1.17

Mulao 2.87 4.74 2.29 2.66 1.02

Naxi 3.80 7.88 3.15 3.56 0.97

Nu 3.79 7.95 3.15 3.55 0.96

Oroqen 4.24 7.31 2.78 3.80 1.05

Pumi 3.80 7.93 3.15 3.56 0.96

Qiang 3.70 5.28 3.12 3.47 1.55

Russian 5.06 8.18 4.13 4.71 1.44

Salar 4.13 10.48 2.83 3.91 0.95

She 3.54 6.12 2.61 3.25 0.90

Shui 2.83 6.22 2.29 2.61 0.85

Tajik 5.62 8.82 4.94 5.32 1.67

Tatar 5.56 8.70 4.85 5.26 1.64

Tibetan 3.54 8.35 2.86 3.36 1.18

Tu 4.04 10.13 2.77 3.82 0.94

Tujia 3.46 6.10 2.68 3.18 1.22

Uygur 5.68 8.92 5.01 5.38 1.69

Uzbek 5.65 8.87 4.97 5.35 1.67

Va 3.80 7.90 3.15 3.56 0.96

Xibe 5.11 7.71 3.45 4.72 1.34

Yao 3.19 5.62 2.47 2.96 1.11

Yi 3.66 7.02 3.05 3.42 1.10

Yugur 3.55 5.31 2.84 3.33 1.11

Zhuang 2.95 4.75 2.35 2.74 1.05


Table 8.4 Hospitaliztion services in healthcare institutions

Ethnicgroup

Numberofinpatients(10,000persons)

Patientsdischarged(10,000persons)

Surgicaloperation ofhospitalized(10,000person-times)

Criticalpatientrescued(10,000person-times)

Successrates ofcriticalpatientsrescued(%)

Inpatientsper 100outpatientandemergencyvisits(person)

Nationaltotal

15,297.65 15,264.82 3,272.87 699.92 91.39 3.98

Achang 0.41 0.41 0.08 0.04 96.25 4.96

Bai 22.98 22.92 4.29 2.01 95.45 5.51

Baonan 0.17 0.17 0.03 0.01 94.30 4.66

Blang 1.12 1.12 0.22 0.11 96.22 4.96

Buyi 37.34 37.03 5.59 2.12 89.74 8.34

Dai 14.12 14.11 2.73 1.36 96.20 4.97

Daur 1.40 1.41 0.31 0.08 90.70 4.96

Deang 0.22 0.22 0.04 0.02 96.28 4.97

Derung 0.09 0.09 0.02 0.01 95.09 4.98

Dong 39.00 38.64 6.15 2.00 91.68 7.72

Dongxiang 5.57 5.55 0.94 0.25 94.03 4.84

Ewenki 0.31 0.31 0.07 0.02 92.26 4.52

Gaoshan 0.06 0.06 0.01 0.00 91.27 5.02

Gelao 7.29 7.23 1.08 0.41 89.63 8.43

Han 13,909.22 13,878.56 3,025.70 619.69 90.81 4.74

Hani 17.52 17.51 3.39 1.69 96.25 4.96

Hezhe 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.00 86.98 5.54

Hui 125.41 125.66 25.14 7.38 92.30 4.82

Jing 0.30 0.30 0.05 0.01 91.98 5.10

Jingpo 1.61 1.61 0.31 0.15 96.23 4.97

Jino 0.25 0.25 0.05 0.02 96.23 4.96

Kazak 26.94 26.91 4.28 1.41 91.23 7.05

Kirgiz 3.45 3.45 0.55 0.18 91.18 7.04

Korean 20.01 19.97 4.44 0.91 85.49 5.07

Lahu 5.52 5.52 1.07 0.53 96.25 4.97

Lhoba 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 92.51 2.72

Li 12.86 12.81 2.17 0.48 91.51 3.27

Lisu 7.75 7.75 1.50 0.74 95.96 4.97

(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Numberofinpatients(10,000persons)

Patientsdischarged(10,000persons)

Surgicaloperation ofhospitalized(10,000person-times)

Criticalpatientrescued(10,000person-times)

Successrates ofcriticalpatientsrescued(%)

Inpatientsper 100outpatientandemergencyvisits(person)

Manchu 120.61 120.67 25.95 6.05 88.34 5.04

Maonan 1.42 1.41 0.22 0.07 91.27 6.03

Miao 115.60 114.74 18.84 6.55 91.91 7.28

Monba 0.06 0.06 0.01 0.00 92.45 2.47

Mongol 61.93 62.65 12.76 3.97 91.76 4.68

Mulao 2.77 2.76 0.44 0.13 91.60 5.45

Naxi 3.76 3.76 0.73 0.36 95.93 4.96

Nu 0.35 0.35 0.07 0.03 96.15 4.92

Oroqen 0.08 0.08 0.02 0.00 89.67 5.05

Pumi 0.41 0.41 0.08 0.04 96.18 4.96

Qiang 4.18 4.15 0.74 0.21 86.00 5.35

Russian 0.26 0.26 0.05 0.01 91.43 5.91

Salar 1.37 1.42 0.23 0.15 95.43 4.80

She 9.06 9.06 2.14 0.26 91.99 3.91

Shui 5.12 5.08 0.76 0.29 89.91 8.24

Tajik 0.87 0.87 0.14 0.05 91.20 6.98

Tatar 0.10 0.10 0.02 0.01 91.23 6.84

Tibetan 53.29 53.78 9.06 3.91 91.96 3.82

Tu 3.09 3.19 0.52 0.33 95.25 4.74

Tujia 104.01 103.53 18.37 5.70 93.00 6.44

Uygur 180.84 180.67 28.75 9.44 91.22 7.05

Uzbek 0.26 0.26 0.04 0.01 91.20 6.99

Va 4.83 4.83 0.94 0.46 96.13 4.97

Xibe 2.50 2.50 0.49 0.13 88.00 5.31

Yao 35.81 35.59 6.19 1.70 93.00 5.64

Yi 97.97 97.68 18.01 7.68 92.67 5.46

Yugur 0.14 0.13 0.02 0.01 94.21 4.62

Zhuang 216.73 216.04 35.72 10.22 92.20 4.94


Table 8.5 Conditions of new cooperative medical system

Ethnicgroup

Number ofenrollees(10,000persons)

Per capitapremiums(yuan)

Premiums thisyear (100million yuan)

Number of beneficiariesfrom reimbursement(10,000 person-times)

Nationaltotal

83,163.1 246.2 2,047.56 131,504.3

Achang 2.76 234.33 0.06 6.27

Bai 150.87 233.85 3.52 314.90

Baonan 1.25 234.80 0.03 1.93

Blang 7.48 234.41 0.18 16.95

Buyi 256.13 227.64 5.81 372.26

Dai 94.36 234.42 2.21 213.91

Daur 6.44 243.44 0.16 5.51

Deang 1.46 234.17 0.03 3.32

Derung 0.58 236.91 0.01 1.22

Dong 241.62 230.16 5.53 297.58

Dongxiang 38.10 233.81 0.89 59.19

Ewenki 1.58 247.23 0.04 1.18

Gaoshan 0.31 254.11 0.01 0.39

Gelao 50.04 226.88 1.13 71.92

Han 75,514.92 258.80 1,866.86 121,071.93

Hani 117.24 234.46 2.75 266.27

Hezhe 0.19 241.28 0.00 0.22

Hui 671.31 249.19 16.28 1,063.12

Jing 1.99 232.02 0.05 1.74

Jingpo 10.76 234.26 0.25 24.37

Jino 1.70 234.42 0.04 3.86

Kazak 71.26 238.32 1.70 77.47

Kirgiz 9.13 238.26 0.22 9.92

Korean 90.12 237.37 2.12 70.81

Lahu 36.96 234.33 0.87 83.84

Lhoba 0.26 280.13 0.01 0.46

Li 81.32 238.88 1.94 117.04

Lisu 51.62 234.33 1.21 116.33

Manchu 558.87 243.14 13.30 671.52(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Number ofenrollees(10,000persons)

Per capitapremiums(yuan)

Premiums thisyear (100million yuan)

Number of beneficiariesfrom reimbursement(10,000 person-times)

Maonan 9.47 229.74 0.22 9.44

Miao 723.51 230.90 16.62 1,017.36

Monba 0.79 288.84 0.02 1.41

Mongol 314.94 246.22 7.70 265.03

Mulao 18.24 231.62 0.42 16.59

Naxi 25.10 235.06 0.59 56.50

Nu 2.34 235.48 0.06 5.29

Oroqen 0.38 243.29 0.01 0.35

Pumi 2.73 234.56 0.06 6.19

Qiang 23.25 234.80 0.55 36.69

Russian 0.86 249.35 0.02 0.87

Salar 7.51 265.12 0.20 5.62

She 49.60 277.47 1.35 52.45

Shui 35.19 227.21 0.80 50.69

Tajik 2.35 238.60 0.06 2.58

Tatar 0.28 240.70 0.01 0.32

Tibetan 441.55 263.40 11.68 674.71

Tu 17.32 263.42 0.45 14.13

Tujia 583.74 233.77 13.57 911.54

Uygur 478.53 238.45 11.40 520.33

Uzbek 0.71 239.17 0.02 0.77

Va 32.23 234.62 0.76 72.83

Xibe 9.25 239.20 0.22 8.56

Yao 212.16 232.47 4.91 198.37

Yi 624.83 233.59 14.58 1,242.60

Yugur 1.04 235.39 0.02 1.64

Zhuang 1,410.86 231.86 32.63 1,293.74


Table 8.6 Beds of social welfare institutions with residential accommodations (10,000 beds)

Ethnicgroup

Numberof beds

Agedanddisable

Mentalretardationand mentaldiseases

Child Socialreliefandother

Beds of socialservices per 1,000population (bed)

Nationaltotal

396.4 353.2 6.5 6.8 29.9 2.94

Achang 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.35

Bai 0.29 0.24 0.01 0.01 0.04 1.42

Baonan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.44

Blang 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.36

Buyi 0.43 0.36 0.02 0.01 0.03 1.21

Dai 0.17 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.02 1.36

Daur 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.55

Deang 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.34

Derung 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.64

Dong 0.54 0.47 0.02 0.01 0.03 1.60

Dongxiang 0.08 0.07 0.00 0.01 0.01 1.49

Ewenki 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.48

Gaoshan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.66

Gelao 0.08 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.01 1.19

Han 372.63 333.37 5.68 5.92 27.49 3.08

Hani 0.21 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.03 1.35

Hezhe 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.81

Hui 2.56 2.17 0.04 0.11 0.24 2.39

Jing 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.20

Jingpo 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.35

Jino 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.35

Kazak 0.34 0.25 0.01 0.04 0.03 2.30

Kirgiz 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 2.31

Korean 0.61 0.52 0.02 0.01 0.06 3.11

Lahu 0.07 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 1.36

Lhoba 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.46

Li 0.09 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.61

Lisu 0.10 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.01 1.42

Manchu 3.46 2.89 0.04 0.05 0.47 3.15

(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Numberof beds

Agedanddisable

Mentalretardationand mentaldiseases

Child Socialreliefandother

Beds of socialservices per 1,000population (bed)

Maonan 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.14

Miao 1.72 1.49 0.06 0.04 0.12 1.70

Monba 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.53

Mongol 1.58 1.35 0.04 0.03 0.15 2.58

Mulao 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.17

Naxi 0.05 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 1.43

Nu 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.39

Oroqen 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.64

Pumi 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.37

Qiang 0.12 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.01 3.72

Russian 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.50

Salar 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.57

She 0.20 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.02 2.63

Shui 0.06 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.20

Tajik 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.32

Tatar 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.33

Tibetan 1.45 1.26 0.01 0.12 0.05 2.46

Tu 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.58

Tujia 2.41 2.16 0.05 0.07 0.12 2.78

Uygur 2.28 1.69 0.09 0.27 0.18 2.31

Uzbek 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.31

Va 0.06 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 1.40

Xibe 0.06 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 3.13

Yao 0.46 0.40 0.02 0.01 0.03 1.51

Yi 1.68 1.44 0.04 0.02 0.18 1.99

Yugur 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.46

Zhuang 2.24 1.93 0.10 0.04 0.17 1.16


Table 8.7 Statistics on social relief (10,000 persons)

Ethnicgroup

Number ofurbanresidentsreceivingminimumlivingallowance

Number ofruralresidentswithminimumlivingallowance

Ruralhouseholdswithcentralizedlivelihoodguaranteed infive aspects

Ruralhouseholdswithdecentralizedlivelihoodguaranteed infive aspects

Number ofpersonsreceivingtraditionalrelief inrural areas

Nationaltotal

2,276.8 5,305.7 184.5 366.5 68.7

Achang 0.07 0.32 0.00 0.02 0.00

Bai 3.95 17.82 0.15 0.83 0.18

Baonan 0.06 0.20 0.00 0.01 0.00

Blang 0.20 0.87 0.01 0.04 0.01

Buyi 4.57 43.09 0.16 1.02 0.15

Dai 2.54 10.95 0.09 0.52 0.11

Daur 0.51 0.59 0.02 0.03 0.01

Deang 0.04 0.17 0.00 0.01 0.00

Derung 0.02 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00

Dong 5.10 30.81 0.25 1.37 0.28

Dongxiang 1.90 6.24 0.02 0.23 0.04

Ewenki 0.11 0.15 0.00 0.01 0.00

Gaoshan 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00

Gelao 0.89 8.51 0.03 0.20 0.03

Han 2,014.59 4,536.64 174.49 321.30 59.45

Hani 3.15 13.63 0.11 0.64 0.14

Hezhe 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00

Hui 28.59 63.44 1.06 3.11 0.32

Jing 0.03 0.17 0.00 0.01 0.01

Jingpo 0.29 1.25 0.01 0.06 0.01

Jino 0.05 0.20 0.00 0.01 0.00

Kazak 6.49 9.15 0.10 0.62 0.00

Kirgiz 0.83 1.17 0.01 0.08 0.00

Korean 7.54 6.49 0.26 0.58 0.03

Lahu 0.99 4.28 0.03 0.20 0.04

Lhoba 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00

Li 2.76 4.70 0.04 0.55 0.19

Lisu 1.39 5.92 0.05 0.28 0.06(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Number ofurbanresidentsreceivingminimumlivingallowance

Number ofruralresidentswithminimumlivingallowance

Ruralhouseholdswithcentralizedlivelihoodguaranteed infive aspects

Ruralhouseholdswithdecentralizedlivelihoodguaranteed infive aspects

Number ofpersonsreceivingtraditionalrelief inrural areas

Manchu 29.65 30.36 1.24 2.64 0.22

Maonan 0.15 1.02 0.01 0.06 0.02

Miao 16.09 90.18 0.81 3.90 0.77

Monba 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.00

Mongol 19.91 27.23 0.69 1.61 0.30

Mulao 0.27 1.71 0.01 0.13 0.04

Naxi 0.68 2.88 0.02 0.14 0.03

Nu 0.06 0.27 0.00 0.01 0.00

Oroqen 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00

Pumi 0.07 0.32 0.00 0.01 0.00

Qiang 0.70 1.59 0.09 0.10 0.04

Russian 0.07 0.10 0.00 0.01 0.00

Salar 0.49 0.91 0.01 0.04 0.00

She 0.53 2.09 0.05 0.14 0.01

Shui 0.63 5.83 0.02 0.14 0.02

Tajik 0.21 0.30 0.00 0.02 0.00

Tatar 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00

Tibetan 14.16 44.07 0.74 2.36 0.50

Tu 1.07 2.09 0.01 0.10 0.00

Tujia 16.33 46.58 1.23 3.24 0.61

Uygur 43.51 61.21 0.69 4.13 0.00

Uzbek 0.06 0.09 0.00 0.01 0.00

Va 0.86 3.70 0.03 0.18 0.04

Xibe 0.63 0.63 0.02 0.06 0.00

Yao 4.17 16.81 0.20 1.64 0.49

Yi 16.66 68.80 1.00 3.14 0.78

Yugur 0.05 0.17 0.00 0.01 0.00

Zhuang 21.80 118.89 0.78 10.46 3.60


Table 8.8 Medical aid of civil affairs offices (10,000 persons or person-times)

Ethnicgroup

Medical aid in urbanareas

Medical aid in ruralareas

Expensesof urbanmedicalaid

Expense ofruralmedical aidMedical

aidAid formedicalinsurance

Medicalaid

Aid forcooperativemedicalcare

Nationaltotal

672.2 1,549.8 1,471.8 4,825.3 676,408.4 1,199,610.4

Achang 0.01 0.08 0.05 0.41 16.61 55.43

Bai 0.81 3.93 3.07 21.14 895.29 2,980.70

Baonan 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.06 15.42 40.04

Blang 0.04 0.21 0.14 1.10 45.05 149.86

Buyi 1.23 3.20 7.03 36.83 1,008.25 5,431.58

Dai 0.49 2.69 1.81 13.84 568.56 1,893.48

Daur 0.11 0.32 0.14 0.44 153.74 158.62

Deang 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.22 8.84 29.41

Derung 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.08 3.85 11.17

Dong 1.36 3.22 5.86 26.06 1,186.34 4,287.63

Dongxiang 0.40 0.59 0.84 2.00 493.28 1,189.83

Ewenki 0.02 0.05 0.04 0.09 28.60 34.81

Gaoshan 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 2.01 3.94

Gelao 0.24 0.62 1.38 7.24 194.61 1,065.18

Han 588.01 1,354.52 1,288.79 4,128.47 601,156.23 1,058,371.72

Hani 0.60 3.35 2.23 17.23 705.13 2,353.24

Hezhe 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 6.86 5.77

Hui 15.35 19.76 29.12 53.83 9,736.81 16,248.67

Jing 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.12 5.44 22.40

Jingpo 0.06 0.31 0.20 1.58 64.64 215.78

Jino 0.01 0.05 0.03 0.25 10.28 34.20

Kazak 2.15 6.11 2.26 10.57 2,630.59 2,043.26

Kirgiz 0.28 0.78 0.29 1.35 337.58 261.70

Korean 2.00 8.68 1.77 7.28 2,190.26 1,980.48

Lahu 0.19 1.05 0.70 5.42 221.82 740.10

Lhoba 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.89 4.82

Li 0.82 2.78 2.15 5.52 738.69 1,772.95

Lisu 0.28 1.45 1.02 7.47 314.17 1,032.00(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Medical aid in urbanareas

Medical aid in ruralareas

Expensesof urbanmedicalaid

Expense ofruralmedical aidMedical

aidAid formedicalinsurance

Medicalaid

Aid forcooperativemedicalcare

Manchu 8.05 17.97 7.22 25.66 6,308.73 6,541.83

Maonan 0.03 0.08 0.13 0.78 26.79 130.25

Miao 4.73 12.00 18.41 82.07 3,887.35 13,281.02

Monba 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 2.56 14.62

Mongol 4.58 10.35 7.29 18.83 5,068.54 6,337.69

Mulao 0.05 0.13 0.21 1.26 48.41 220.72

Naxi 0.14 0.70 0.49 3.62 152.79 502.39

Nu 0.01 0.07 0.04 0.34 14.00 46.80

Oroqen 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.03 9.84 9.67

Pumi 0.01 0.08 0.05 0.40 16.54 54.78

Qiang 0.41 0.34 1.10 1.61 209.18 420.57

Russian 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.10 24.64 21.99

Salar 0.47 0.43 0.89 0.85 276.72 395.42

She 0.18 0.41 0.53 2.20 205.80 536.55

Shui 0.17 0.44 0.94 4.98 137.17 735.20

Tajik 0.07 0.20 0.07 0.34 84.20 66.08

Tatar 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.04 9.79 8.00

Tibetan 7.90 7.07 18.05 20.11 5,187.49 11,602.86

Tu 1.01 0.92 1.93 1.91 595.68 872.79

Tujia 5.20 13.86 14.14 44.87 4,340.61 8,737.39

Uygur 14.41 40.97 15.17 70.91 17,631.51 13,674.94

Uzbek 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.10 25.65 20.01

Va 0.17 0.91 0.61 4.66 193.36 640.01

Xibe 0.20 0.38 0.16 0.57 146.79 126.16

Yao 0.92 2.32 2.96 13.44 899.95 2,581.46

Yi 5.26 14.36 17.13 78.94 4,087.68 12,306.29

Yugur 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.05 11.74 32.44

Zhuang 3.32 10.99 13.41 88.76 3,817.63 15,913.04


Table 8.9 Statistics on urban employee basic pension insurance

Ethnicgroup

Urban employeebasic pensioninsurancecontributors atyear-end (10,000persons)

Numberof staffandworkers

Numberofretirees

Revenue and expenses (100million yuan)

Revenue Expenses Balanceat year-end

Nationaltotal

28,391.3 21,565.0 6,826.2 16,894.7 12,764.9 19,496.6

Achang 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3

Bai 16.7 11.9 4.9 12.5 8.0 15.1

Baonan 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Blang 0.8 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.7

Buyi 26.2 19.8 6.4 16.3 11.5 21.2

Dai 9.6 6.7 2.9 7.7 4.8 9.3

Daur 3.0 2.0 1.0 2.1 1.8 2.0

Deang 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

Derung 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Dong 35.2 26.1 9.1 20.3 15.0 25.3

Dongxiang 6.2 4.2 2.0 5.2 3.7 6.0

Ewenki 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.5

Gaoshan 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Gelao 5.0 3.8 1.2 3.1 2.2 4.1

Han 26,595.3 20,292.1 6,303.2 15,674.6 11,828.4 18,101.2

Hani 11.9 8.3 3.6 9.5 5.9 11.6

Hezhe 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

Hui 197.8 142.6 55.1 150.3 108.7 169.7

Jing 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Jingpo 1.1 0.8 0.3 0.9 0.5 1.1

Jino 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

Kazak 29.2 20.3 8.9 23.9 18.5 31.5

Kirgiz 3.8 2.6 1.2 3.1 2.4 4.0

Korean 50.9 33.4 17.5 30.7 27.3 30.5

Lahu 3.8 2.6 1.1 3.0 1.9 3.6

Lhoba 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Li 32.0 24.4 7.6 18.5 15.1 14.1

Lisu 5.4 3.8 1.6 4.3 2.7 5.2

Manchu 324.4 224.4 99.9 214.4 181.5 194.8(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Urban employeebasic pensioninsurancecontributors atyear-end (10,000persons)

Numberof staffandworkers

Numberofretirees



Maonan 1.1 0.8 0.3 0.7 0.5 1.0

Miao 107.6 78.6 29.0 65.4 47.8 77.1

Monba 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Mongol 128.2 89.5 38.7 94.7 74.2 91.8

Mulao 2.4 1.7 0.7 1.4 1.1 2.0

Naxi 2.7 1.9 0.8 2.1 1.3 2.6

Nu 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Oroqen 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Pumi 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3

Qiang 5.6 3.7 1.8 4.0 2.8 4.7

Russian 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.3

Salar 1.7 1.2 0.5 1.6 1.1 1.6

She 18.0 15.1 2.9 7.7 5.6 9.6

Shui 3.5 2.6 0.9 2.2 1.6 2.9

Tajik 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.8 0.6 1.0

Tatar 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

Tibetan 59.2 40.7 18.5 53.9 37.6 55.7

Tu 4.1 2.9 1.2 3.5 2.5 3.5

Tujia 136.3 97.0 39.3 82.3 61.5 82.2

Uygur 196.5 136.5 60.0 160.5 124.0 211.5

Uzbek 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3

Va 3.4 2.4 1.0 2.7 1.7 3.2

Xibe 6.4 4.4 2.0 4.4 3.7 4.1

Yao 38.9 29.1 9.8 20.6 15.9 30.0

Yi 85.7 59.1 26.6 64.4 42.5 76.9

Yugur 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

Zhuang 197.3 141.5 55.8 110.7 91.4 167.7


Table 8.10 Statistics of unemployment insurance

Ethnicgroup

Unemploymentinsurancecontributors at year-end (10,000 persons)

Beneficiaries ofunemploymentinsurance fund(10,000 persons)



Nationaltotal

14,317.1 197.0 923.1 432.8 2,240.2

Achang 0.18 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.04

Bai 9.95 0.14 0.71 0.14 2.18

Baonan 0.11 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02

Blang 0.48 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.11

Buyi 14.74 0.11 1.09 0.33 3.64

Dai 6.03 0.09 0.45 0.08 1.38

Daur 1.54 0.02 0.09 0.04 0.24

Deang 0.09 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02

Derung 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01

Dong 17.44 0.20 1.07 0.36 3.34

Dongxiang 3.80 0.04 0.28 0.12 0.61

Ewenki 0.33 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.05

Gaoshan 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01

Gelao 2.83 0.02 0.21 0.06 0.70

Han 13,409.42 183.56 858.07 403.36 2,070.52

Hani 7.48 0.11 0.56 0.09 1.71

Hezhe 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01

Hui 108.66 1.61 7.57 3.39 18.99

Jing 0.13 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03

Jingpo 0.69 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.16

Jino 0.11 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02

Kazak 17.62 0.34 1.43 1.34 3.32

Kirgiz 2.27 0.04 0.18 0.17 0.43

Korean 22.32 0.38 1.40 0.54 3.58

Lahu 2.36 0.04 0.18 0.03 0.54

Lhoba 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01

Li 20.08 0.28 1.18 0.26 3.22

Lisu 3.32 0.05 0.25 0.04 0.76




Ethnicgroup

Unemploymentinsurancecontributors at year-end (10,000 persons)

Beneficiaries ofunemploymentinsurance fund(10,000 persons)



Maonan 0.59 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.14

Miao 53.84 0.63 3.36 1.04 10.35

Monba 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02

Mongol 63.59 0.78 4.27 1.77 10.23

Mulao 1.23 0.02 0.09 0.03 0.27

Naxi 1.63 0.02 0.12 0.02 0.37

Nu 0.15 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03

Oroqen 0.10 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02

Pumi 0.18 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.04

Qiang 2.02 0.03 0.23 0.06 0.43

Russian 0.21 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.04

Salar 0.84 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.25

She 9.89 0.08 0.55 0.22 1.66

Shui 1.99 0.02 0.15 0.04 0.49

Tajik 0.57 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.11

Tatar 0.07 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01

Tibetan 30.05 0.31 3.66 1.05 10.68

Tu 1.95 0.03 0.17 0.03 0.57

Tujia 61.17 0.72 3.08 1.00 8.78

Uygur 118.41 2.26 9.62 8.99 22.32

Uzbek 0.18 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03

Va 2.10 0.03 0.16 0.03 0.48

Xibe 2.83 0.04 0.22 0.11 0.44

Yao 18.74 0.30 1.09 0.39 3.28

Yi 42.97 0.62 3.74 0.85 9.70

Yugur 0.10 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01

Zhuang 99.72 1.89 6.90 2.31 21.40


Table 8.11 Persons covered of urban basic medical care insurance (10,000 persons)

Ethnicgroup

Persons covered atyear-end

Urbanworkers

Staff andworkers

Retirees Urban non-employment

Nationaltotal

47,343.2 25,227.1 18,948.5 6,278.6 22,116.1

Achang 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3

Bai 39.7 20.0 14.3 5.7 19.8

Baonan 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2

Blang 1.9 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.9

Buyi 56.4 28.4 20.3 8.1 28.0

Dai 24.0 12.3 8.8 3.5 11.7

Daur 5.5 2.9 2.0 0.9 2.6

Deang 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2

Derung 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1

Dong 71.1 32.9 23.5 9.3 38.2

Dongxiang 13.3 6.7 4.7 2.0 6.6

Ewenki 1.2 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.6

Gaoshan 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1

Gelao 10.9 5.5 3.9 1.6 5.5

Han 44,063.5 23,515.4 17,728.5 5,786.9 20,548.1

Hani 29.7 15.2 10.9 4.3 14.5

Hezhe 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1

Hui 339.1 187.7 136.1 51.6 151.4

Jing 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3

Jingpo 2.7 1.4 1.0 0.4 1.3

Jino 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Kazak 55.8 30.2 21.8 8.5 25.6

Kirgiz 7.2 3.9 2.8 1.1 3.3

Korean 94.7 46.8 31.6 15.2 47.9

Lahu 9.4 4.8 3.4 1.4 4.6

Lhoba 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Li 56.6 29.9 22.6 7.3 26.7

Lisu 13.2 6.8 4.8 1.9 6.4

Manchu 479.4 307.0 210.6 96.3 172.4

Maonan 2.3 1.1 0.8 0.3 1.3

Miao 220.1 101.5 72.6 28.9 118.6(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Persons covered atyear-end

Urbanworkers

Staff andworkers

Retirees Urban non-employment

Monba 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1

Mongol 234.2 123.2 87.2 36.0 111.0

Mulao 4.9 2.2 1.6 0.6 2.6

Naxi 6.4 3.3 2.4 0.9 3.1

Nu 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3

Oroqen 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2

Pumi 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3

Qiang 8.4 4.4 3.0 1.4 4.0

Russian 0.7 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.3

Salar 3.3 1.8 1.2 0.5 1.5

She 27.8 14.8 11.9 2.9 13.0

Shui 7.7 3.8 2.7 1.1 3.8

Tajik 1.8 1.0 0.7 0.3 0.8

Tatar 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1

Tibetan 125.2 67.8 47.8 20.0 57.4

Tu 7.6 4.1 2.9 1.2 3.5

Tujia 259.3 111.1 79.8 31.3 148.2

Uygur 375.3 203.2 146.3 56.9 172.1

Uzbek 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3

Va 8.3 4.3 3.1 1.2 4.1

Xibe 9.3 6.2 4.2 2.0 3.1

Yao 76.4 34.2 25.5 8.7 42.2

Yi 173.0 89.0 62.8 26.2 84.0

Yugur 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2

Zhuang 396.2 180.7 131.9 48.8 215.5


Table 8.12 Revenue and expenses of urban basic medical care insurance (100 million yuan)

Ethnicgroup

Revenue Expenses

Total Workers Non-employment


Nationaltotal

5,539.2 4,945.0 594.2 4,431.4 4,018.3 413.1

Achang 0.10 0.09 0.01 0.08 0.07 0.01

Bai 5.10 4.59 0.51 4.13 3.76 0.38

Baonan 0.05 0.04 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.00

Blang 0.26 0.24 0.02 0.21 0.19 0.02

Buyi 5.90 5.26 0.64 4.48 4.11 0.36

Dai 3.30 2.99 0.31 2.67 2.43 0.24

Daur 0.62 0.55 0.06 0.52 0.47 0.05

Deang 0.05 0.05 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.00

Derung 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00

Dong 6.64 5.79 0.85 5.25 4.72 0.52

Dongxiang 1.51 1.35 0.17 1.24 1.13 0.11

Ewenki 0.14 0.12 0.01 0.12 0.11 0.01

Gaoshan 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00

Gelao 1.13 1.01 0.12 0.86 0.79 0.07

Han 5,144.56 4,590.03 554.53 4,111.01 3,724.58 386.43

Hani 4.09 3.71 0.38 3.31 3.02 0.29

Hezhe 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.00

Hui 46.17 41.87 4.29 39.03 35.86 3.17

Jing 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.00

Jingpo 0.38 0.34 0.04 0.30 0.28 0.03

Jino 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.00

Kazak 8.09 7.38 0.71 6.71 6.22 0.49

Kirgiz 1.04 0.95 0.09 0.86 0.80 0.06

Korean 8.44 7.30 1.14 6.79 6.12 0.67

Lahu 1.29 1.17 0.12 1.04 0.95 0.09

Lhoba 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00

Li 5.81 5.08 0.73 4.32 3.83 0.50

Lisu 1.81 1.64 0.17 1.47 1.33 0.13

Manchu 58.64 54.40 4.24 50.83 48.20 2.63

Maonan 0.25 0.22 0.03 0.18 0.17 0.01(continued)



Ethnicgroup

Revenue Expenses



Miao 21.48 18.86 2.62 16.97 15.26 1.71

Monba 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.00

Mongol 26.95 24.33 2.62 23.04 21.09 1.96

Mulao 0.51 0.45 0.06 0.38 0.35 0.03

Naxi 0.89 0.81 0.09 0.72 0.66 0.07

Nu 0.08 0.08 0.01 0.07 0.06 0.01

Oroqen 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.00

Pumi 0.10 0.09 0.01 0.08 0.07 0.01

Qiang 1.11 0.93 0.18 0.82 0.68 0.14

Russian 0.09 0.09 0.01 0.08 0.07 0.01

Salar 0.61 0.56 0.06 0.50 0.46 0.04

She 3.40 3.07 0.34 2.58 2.33 0.25

Shui 0.81 0.72 0.09 0.61 0.56 0.05

Tajik 0.26 0.24 0.02 0.22 0.20 0.02

Tatar 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.00

Tibetan 23.21 21.09 2.12 17.43 15.63 1.81

Tu 1.36 1.23 0.13 1.09 1.00 0.09

Tujia 22.42 19.36 3.06 17.95 15.93 2.01

Uygur 54.36 49.56 4.80 45.10 41.79 3.32

Uzbek 0.08 0.07 0.01 0.07 0.06 0.00

Va 1.13 1.03 0.11 0.92 0.83 0.08

Xibe 1.17 1.09 0.08 1.02 0.97 0.05

Yao 7.28 6.32 0.96 5.63 5.06 0.58

Yi 22.89 20.20 2.70 17.94 15.90 2.04

Yugur 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.00

Zhuang 41.88 37.12 4.75 31.31 28.86 2.45


Notes

Data on public health are mainly from the Information Center under the Ministryof Health. Data on civil affairs are from the Ministry of Civil Affairs based onstatistical reporting form scheme. Data on disabled persons are from the ChinaDisabled Persons Federation. For detailed information, please refer to AnnualStatistical Yearbook on National Health Care (Ministry of Health of the People’sRepublic of China), Statistical Yearbook on Civil Affairs of China (Department ofFinancial and Planning, Ministry of Civil Affairs), and China Statistical Yearbookon the Work for Persons with Disabilities (China Disabled Persons Federation).

Data on labor and social security mainly include revenue and expenses of socialinsurance fund, urban employee basic pension insurance, urban basic medical careinsurance, unemployment insurance, etc. Data are from the Ministry of HumanResources and Social Security.


Chapter 9Culture and Sports

Table 9.1 Population coverage of radio and TV programs (%)

Ethnicgroup

Radioprograms

Centralradiostation

Ruralpopulationcoverage rate

TVprograms

CCTV Ruralpopulationcoverage rate

Nationaltotal

97.06 96.13 96.09 97.82 96.99 97.10

Achang 95.70 95.35 94.81 96.73 96.66 96.03

Bai 94.75 94.09 93.52 96.36 95.97 95.54

Baonan 93.67 89.58 92.30 94.18 91.52 92.88

Blang 95.71 95.36 94.82 96.74 96.67 96.04

Buyi 88.52 85.73 86.70 93.09 90.19 92.03

Dai 95.70 95.35 94.81 96.74 96.67 96.03

Daur 97.72 97.18 96.31 97.11 96.67 95.33

Deang 95.69 95.34 94.80 96.73 96.66 96.02

Derung 95.88 95.39 94.92 96.87 96.64 96.10

Dong 90.70 88.61 88.26 94.73 92.52 93.51

Dongxiang 93.82 89.83 92.55 94.22 91.56 92.95

Ewenki 97.53 96.84 95.76 96.52 95.99 94.19

Gaoshan 96.94 96.15 96.10 97.69 96.80 97.03

Gelao 88.32 85.48 86.48 92.99 90.03 91.91

Han 97.32 96.44 96.52 97.99 97.25 97.37

Hani 95.70 95.35 94.81 96.73 96.67 96.03

Hezhe 98.46 98.28 97.76 98.67 98.50 98.08

Hui 95.60 94.57 94.19 97.19 96.39 96.36

Jing 95.18 93.64 94.46 96.92 93.32 96.47

Jingpo 95.68 95.32 94.79 96.72 96.64 96.02

Jino 95.70 95.35 94.81 96.74 96.67 96.03(continued)


343


Ethnicgroup

Radioprograms

Centralradiostation

Ruralpopulationcoverage rate

TVprograms

CCTV Ruralpopulationcoverage rate

Kazak 94.90 93.78 94.36 95.29 93.66 94.29

Kirgiz 94.95 93.85 94.40 95.33 93.72 94.33

Korean 98.51 97.77 97.81 98.64 97.28 97.93

Lahu 95.71 95.36 94.82 96.74 96.67 96.04

Lhoba 91.96 83.13 90.47 93.14 83.71 91.76

Li 96.08 95.87 94.95 95.34 94.97 93.79

Lisu 95.74 95.38 94.85 96.77 96.69 96.07

Manchu 98.59 97.81 97.73 98.66 97.96 97.82

Maonan 93.18 91.23 92.15 95.80 92.22 95.17

Miao 91.60 89.77 89.50 95.08 93.26 93.97

Monba 91.95 82.80 90.47 93.06 83.28 91.66

Mongol 97.42 96.64 95.79 96.76 96.10 94.69

Mulao 94.35 92.62 93.50 96.47 92.82 95.94

Naxi 95.71 95.32 94.83 96.75 96.63 96.05

Nu 95.66 95.17 94.77 96.69 96.47 95.98

Oroqen 98.03 97.60 96.80 97.62 97.28 96.17

Pumi 95.72 95.36 94.83 96.75 96.67 96.04

Qiang 96.57 95.94 95.81 97.67 97.16 97.17

Russian 96.02 95.06 95.01 95.90 94.72 94.43

Salar 92.07 91.50 89.57 95.52 95.12 93.94

She 97.53 96.83 97.05 98.31 97.71 97.98

Shui 88.75 86.02 86.97 93.22 90.31 92.18

Tajik 94.97 93.86 94.41 95.38 93.78 94.39

Tatar 94.96 93.75 94.37 95.36 93.74 94.36

Tibetan 93.14 88.32 91.59 94.78 89.82 93.55

Tu 92.29 91.63 89.87 95.60 95.14 94.06

Tujia 94.49 93.39 92.40 96.86 96.01 95.80

Uygur 94.91 93.80 94.37 95.30 93.68 94.31

Uzbek 94.94 93.83 94.39 95.34 93.72 94.34

Va 95.74 95.37 94.86 96.76 96.67 96.06

Xibe 97.80 96.80 96.81 97.98 97.03 96.96

Yao 94.68 93.38 92.97 96.94 94.55 96.07

Yi 95.12 94.42 94.16 96.58 96.07 95.89

Yugur 93.78 89.59 92.44 94.19 91.48 92.90

Zhuang 95.37 93.91 94.68 97.00 93.53 96.55

Note CCTV denotes China Central Television

344 9 Culture and Sports

Table 9.2 Number of books published for children and textbooks

Ethnicgroup

Number of publications(kind)

Printed copies (10,000copies)

Printed sheets (1,000sheets)

Books forchildren

Textbooks Books forchildren


Textbooks

Nationaltotal

22,059 78,281 37,800 343,991 2,138,117 27,294,304

Achang 0 0 0 6 4 413

Bai 7 14 9 335 493 22,783

Baonan 0 0 0 3 3 215

Blang 0 1 0 16 12 1,119

Buyi 4 11 9 556 476 38,933

Dai 3 8 4 206 153 14,101

Daur 2 4 2 23 107 1,610

Deang 0 0 0 3 2 218

Derung 0 0 0 1 2 92

Dong 25 23 40 577 2,459 38,178

Dongxiang 2 9 2 91 111 6,953

Ewenki 0 1 1 6 23 410

Gaoshan 0 0 0 1 6 56

Gelao 1 2 1 109 75 7,598

Han 16,848 27,562 29,380 219,961 1,712,755 15,562,898

Hani 3 10 4 256 189 17,525

Hezhe 0 0 0 1 6 41

Hui 102 271 147 1,797 8,375 127,345

Jing 0 0 1 5 32 313

Jingpo 0 1 0 23 17 1,607

Jino 0 0 0 4 3 254

Kazak 20 168 17 429 797 25,328

Kirgiz 3 21 2 55 103 3,240

Korean 130 66 136 389 8,466 26,187

Lahu 1 3 1 81 59 5,516

Lhoba 0 0 0 1 1 77

Li 7 5 10 190 772 12,675

Lisu 2 5 2 112 90 7,706

Manchu 253 460 365 1,766 20,520 124,151

Maonan 1 1 2 22 115 1,471(continued)

9 Culture and Sports 345


Ethnicgroup

Number of publications(kind)

Printed copies (10,000copies)

Printed sheets (1,000sheets)

Books forchildren



Textbooks

Miao 60 88 97 1,706 5,792 114,416

Monba 0 1 0 4 5 242

Mongol 87 225 121 1,117 5,851 79,040

Mulao 3 2 5 43 268 2,888

Naxi 1 2 1 55 49 3,775

Nu 0 0 0 5 5 357

Oroqen 0 0 0 1 8 90

Pumi 0 0 0 6 5 409

Qiang 3 4 4 45 185 3,608

Russian 0 1 0 4 13 276

Salar 0 4 0 18 15 1,425

She 13 11 25 118 1,614 8,109

Shui 1 2 1 76 72 5,337

Tajik 1 5 1 14 27 822

Tatar 0 1 0 2 3 97

Tibetan 51 248 54 1,500 2,034 103,944

Tu 1 9 1 42 42 3,264

Tujia 85 177 140 1,512 8,374 99,708

Uygur 134 1,129 117 2,879 5,408 170,076

Uzbek 0 2 0 4 8 249

Va 1 3 1 70 56 4,822

Xibe 4 14 6 38 315 2,572

Yao 37 28 66 547 3,716 35,746

Yi 32 67 44 1,323 2,042 94,379

Yugur 0 0 0 2 3 177

Zhuang 212 150 412 3,347 21,969 225,713

Table 9.3 Number of certified athletes at various technical grades (person)

Ethnicgroup

International masterof sports

Female Master ofsports

Female Firstgrade

Female

Nationaltotal

300 135 1,675 682 7,580 2,917

Achang 0 0 0 0 0 0(continued)



Ethnicgroup



Female Firstgrade

Female

Bai 0 0 1 1 7 3

Baonan 0 0 0 0 0 0

Blang 0 0 0 0 0 0

Buyi 0 0 1 1 3 1

Dai 0 0 1 0 4 2

Daur 0 0 0 0 1 0

Deang 0 0 0 0 0 0

Derung 0 0 0 0 0 0

Dong 0 0 1 1 8 3

Dongxiang 0 0 0 0 2 0

Ewenki 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gaoshan 0 0 0 0 0 0

Gelao 0 0 0 0 0 0

Han 237 102 1,342 557 7,078 2,708

Hani 0 0 1 0 6 2

Hezhe 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hui 1 1 11 5 71 29

Jing 0 0 0 0 0 0

Jingpo 0 0 0 0 1 0

Jino 0 0 0 0 0 0

Kazak 0 0 1 0 2 1

Kirgiz 0 0 0 0 0 0

Korean 0 0 4 1 17 7

Lahu 0 0 0 0 2 1

Lhoba 0 0 0 0 0 0

Li 0 0 1 0 12 5

Lisu 0 0 0 0 2 1

Manchu 2 1 24 10 118 49

Maonan 0 0 0 0 0 0

Miao 1 0 5 2 26 11

Monba 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mongol 5 2 7 2 37 17

Mulao 0 0 0 0 0 0

Naxi 0 0 0 0 1 0(continued)

9 Culture and Sports 347

Notes

Data on culture are estimated based on the data provided by the Ministry ofCulture. Data on radio broadcasting, films, and television are from State Admin-istration of Radio, Film, and Television. Data on number of books published forchildren and textbooks are from General Administration of Press and Publication.Data on sports are from General Administration of Sport.

For detailed information, please refer to Collection of China News and Publi-cation Statistical Information (Department of Publication Industrial Development,General Administration of Press and Publication), Statistics on National Devel-opment Indicators of Radio, Film, and Television (Department of Arrangementand Finance, State Administration of Radio, Film, and Television), and StatisticalYearbook of Sports (Finance Department, General Administration of Sport).


Ethnicgroup



Female Firstgrade

Female

Nu 0 0 0 0 0 0

Oroqen 0 0 0 0 0 0

Pumi 0 0 0 0 0 0

Qiang 0 0 0 0 2 1

Russian 0 0 0 0 0 0

Salar 0 0 0 0 1 0

She 0 0 1 0 6 3

Shui 0 0 0 0 0 0

Tajik 0 0 0 0 0 0

Tatar 0 0 0 0 0 0

Tibetan 0 0 8 2 18 7

Tu 0 0 0 0 1 1

Tujia 1 0 5 3 36 15

Uygur 0 0 8 1 12 6

Uzbek 0 0 0 0 0 0

Va 0 0 0 0 2 1

Xibe 0 0 0 0 2 1

Yao 0 0 2 1 10 4

Yi 1 0 5 3 30 13

Yugur 0 0 0 0 0 0

Zhuang 1 1 11 6 43 18


Appendix AChina’s Ethnic Populations Reportedin the 2000 and 2010 National Censuses

Ethnic group 2000 2010

Population Male Female Population Male Female

Total 1,242,612,226 640,275,969 602,336,257 1,332,810,869 682,329,104 650,481,765

Achang 33,936 17,189 16,747 39,555 19,751 19,804

Bai 1,858,063 947,019 911,044 1,933,510 978,998 954,512

Baonan 16,505 8,416 8,089 20,074 10,016 10,058

Blang 91,882 47,534 44,348 119,639 61,230 58,409

Buyi 2,971,460 1,530,887 1,440,573 2,870,034 1,455,720 1,414,314

Dai 1,158,989 578,938 580,051 1,261,311 625,176 636,135

Daur 132,394 65,699 66,695 131,992 64,866 67,126

Deang 17,935 9,032 8,903 20,556 10,039 10,517

Derung 7,426 3,649 3,777 6,930 3,349 3,581

Dong 2,960,293 1,566,575 1,393,718 2,879,974 1,511,959 1,368,015

Dongxiang 513,805 264,453 249,352 621,500 317,490 304,010

Ewenki 30,505 14,740 15,765 30,875 14,668 16,207

Gaoshan 4,461 2,418 2,043 4,009 2,029 1,980

Gelao 579,357 310,775 268,582 550,746 289,369 261,377

Han 1,137,386,112 586,159,888 551,226,224 1,220,844,520 625,032,848 595,811,672

Hani 1,439,673 751,899 687,774 1,660,932 863,370 797,562

Hezhe 4,640 2,289 2,351 5,354 2,651 2,703

Hui 9,816,805 5,002,072 4,814,733 10,586,087 5,373,741 5,212,346

Jing 22,517 11,328 11,189 28,199 14,416 13,783

Jingpo 132,143 65,291 66,852 147,828 71,318 76,510

Jino 20,899 10,596 10,303 23,143 11,744 11,399

Kazak 1,250,458 633,875 616,583 1,462,588 747,368 715,220

Kirgiz 160,823 81,695 79,128 186,708 94,645 92,063

Korean 1,923,842 956,946 966,896 1,830,929 910,535 920,394

(continued)

� Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015R. Guo et al. (eds.), Multicultural China, Current ChineseEconomic Report Series, DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-44113-8

349



Lahu 453,705 234,144 219,561 485,966 247,667 238,299

Lhoba 2,965 1,484 1,481 3,682 1,803 1,879

Li 1,247,814 647,547 600,267 1,463,064 756,992 706,072

Lisu 634,912 326,274 308,638 702,839 355,374 347,465

Manchu 10,682,262 5,547,750 5,134,512 10,387,958 5,401,812 4,986,146

Maonan 107,166 56,443 50,723 101,192 52,836 48,356

Miao 8,940,116 4,656,974 4,283,142 9,426,007 4,870,328 4,555,679

Monba 8,923 4,428 4,495 10,561 5,261 5,300

Mongol 5,813,947 2,875,453 2,938,494 5,981,840 2,999,520 2,982,320

Mulao 207,352 107,154 100,198 216,257 110,516 105,741

Naxi 308,839 154,971 153,868 326,295 162,635 163,660

Nu 28,759 14,857 13,902 37,523 18,907 18,616

Oroqen 8,196 3,872 4,324 8,659 4,033 4,626

Pumi 33,600 17,043 16,557 42,861 21,433 21,428

Qiang 306,072 155,981 150,091 309,576 156,539 153,037

Russian 15,609 7,365 8,244 15,393 7,284 8,109

Salar 104,503 53,715 50,788 130,607 66,281 64,326

She 709,592 381,038 328,554 708,651 383,213 325,438

Shui 406,902 213,488 193,414 411,847 213,644 198,203

Tajik 41,028 20,954 20,074 51,069 26,112 24,957

Tatar 4,890 2,550 2,340 3,556 1,899 1,657

Tibetan 5,416,021 2,697,807 2,718,214 6,282,187 3,155,625 3,126,562

Tu 241,198 123,571 117,627 289,565 148,055 141,510

Tujia 8,028,133 4,196,469 3,831,664 8,353,912 4,307,260 4,046,652

Uygur 8,399,393 4,272,863 4,126,530 10,069,346 5,097,594 4,971,752

Uzbek 12,370 6,498 5,872 10,569 5,673 4,896

Va 396,610 202,626 193,984 429,709 216,439 213,270

Xibe 188,824 98,737 90,087 190,481 99,571 90,910

Yao 2,637,421 1,391,332 1,246,089 2,796,003 1,458,842 1,337,161

Yi 7,762,272 3,989,391 3,772,881 8,714,393 4,456,382 4,258,011

Yugur 13,719 6,935 6,784 14,378 7,325 7,053

Zhuang 16,178,811 8,376,754 7,802,057 16,926,381 8,689,488 8,236,893

Note Total population includes servicemen (while ethnic breakdowns do not include them) as well as unknown ethnicgroups and foreigners with Chinese citizenship

(continued)

350 Appendix A: China’s Ethnic Populations Reported in the 2000 and 2010 …

Table A.1 Anhui’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 58,999,948 30,437,820 28,562,128 59,500,468 30,245,513 29,254,955

Achang 5 1 4 25 5 20

Bai 761 117 644 692 284 408

Baonan 1 1 15 5 10

Blang 33 7 26 78 13 65

Buyi 3,103 970 2,133 3,413 845 2,568

Dai 373 43 330 831 191 640

Daur 93 42 51 77 29 48

Deang 1 1 18 1 17

Derung 99 41 58 26 2 24

Dong 1,917 423 1,494 2,147 571 1,576

Dongxiang 9 3 6 112 83 29

Ewenki 17 4 13 11 5 6

Gaoshan 80 38 42 89 38 51

Gelao 199 73 126 448 196 252

Han 58,602,112 30,247,912 28,354,200 59,104,826 30,054,506 29,050,320

Hani 679 55 624 1,138 166 972

Hezhe 8 2 6 23 8 15

Hui 337,521 169,697 167,824 328,062 165,284 162,778

Jing 28 15 13 92 39 53

Jingpo 20 2 18 166 27 139

Jino 3 1 2 8 4 4

Kazak 24 7 17 1,203 603 600

Kirgiz 1 1 14 9 5

Korean 2,660 1,292 1,368 1,200 570 630

Lahu 219 29 190 347 45 302

Lhoba 8 3 5 2 1 1

Li 225 57 168 1,610 672 938

Lisu 102 15 87 589 126 463

Manchu 8,688 4,204 4,484 8,516 4,373 4,143

Maonan 26 9 17 58 17 41

Miao 6,995 1,758 5,237 13,856 4,071 9,785

Monba 4 4 65 29 36

Mongol 14,354 3,730 10,624 2,809 1,260 1,549

Mulao 47 14 33 123 41 82

(continued)

Appendix A: China’s Ethnic Populations Reported in the 2000 and 2010 … 351

Table A.1 (continued)



Naxi 71 14 57 87 19 68

Nu 13 1 12 182 77 105

Oroqen 13 7 6 7 5 2

Pumi 36 8 28 20 8 12

Qiang 87 37 50 183 85 98

Russian 22 11 11 33 19 14

Salar 26 15 11 78 41 37

She 1,563 848 715 1,682 921 761

Shui 307 47 260 562 201 361

Tajik 98 46 52 3 2 1

Tatar 10 6 4 9 3 6

Tibetan 2,263 935 1,328 1,279 511 768

Tu 223 59 164 493 219 274

Tujia 2,196 766 1,430 6,185 2,978 3,207

Uygur 1,733 912 821 710 409 301

Uzbek 4 2 2 4 3 1

Va 305 86 219 1,019 354 665

Xibe 93 52 41 143 72 71

Yao 406 108 298 1,171 390 781

Yi 5,607 1,683 3,924 6,667 2,656 4,011

Yugur 2 1 1 43 23 20

Zhuang 4,331 1,599 2,732 6,998 2,298 4,700

Note Total population includes servicemen (while ethnic breakdowns do not include them) as well as unknownethnic groups and foreigners with Chinese citizenship


Table A.2 Beijing’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses

Ethnicgroup

2000 2010


Total 13,569,194 7,074,518 6,494,676 19,612,368 10,126,430 9,485,938

Achang 6 4 2 28 14 14

Bai 1,554 816 738 3,493 1,778 1,715

Baonan 7 4 3 24 17 7

Blang 8 4 4 68 35 33

Buyi 1,035 525 510 2,768 1,393 1,375

Dai 265 105 160 1,022 463 559

Daur 853 399 454 2,043 868 1,175

Deang 4 2 2 19 14 5

Derung 8 5 3 14 9 5

Dong 1,616 825 791 3,774 1,865 1,909

Dongxiang 101 65 36 484 345 139

Ewenki 164 74 90 433 182 251

Gaoshan 101 50 51 103 46 57

Gelao 272 169 103 1,307 771 536

Han 12,983,696 6,779,560 6,204,136 18,811,154 9,729,984 9,081,170

Hani 164 78 86 680 329 351

Hezhe 84 38 46 201 81 120

Hui 235,837 117,222 118,615 249,223 122,993 126,230

Jing 22 8 14 56 22 34

Jingpo 37 13 24 112 48 64

Jino 6 4 2 20 9 11

Kazak 400 190 210 1,602 685 917

Kirgiz 45 23 22 189 71 118

Korean 20,369 9,416 10,953 37,380 17,437 19,943

Lahu 28 9 19 202 95 107

Lhoba 6 2 4 11 5 6

Li 343 176 167 1,078 501 577

Lisu 48 23 25 264 142 122

Manchu 250,286 128,173 122,113 336,032 167,963 168,069

Maonan 31 20 11 124 51 73

Miao 5,291 2,835 2,456 12,957 6,698 6,259

Monba 19 8 11 31 16 15

Mongol 37,464 18,247 19,217 76,736 36,758 39,978(continued)



Ethnicgroup

2000 2010


Mulao 192 102 90 358 162 196

Naxi 246 130 116 554 282 272

Nu 7 5 2 50 22 28

Oroqen 78 33 45 165 77 88

Pumi 14 8 6 46 22 24

Qiang 177 95 82 661 308 353

Russian 216 78 138 343 124 219

Salar 413 305 108 644 399 245

She 629 399 230 1,515 842 673

Shui 100 50 50 340 168 172

Tajik 22 13 9 21 12 9

Tatar 29 17 12 23 9 14

Tibetan 2,920 1,557 1,363 5,575 2,746 2,829

Tu 396 225 171 554 285 269

Tujia 8,372 4,579 3,793 23,601 12,088 11,513

Uygur 3,129 1,798 1,331 6,975 3,430 3,545

Uzbek 23 9 14 51 25 26

Va 48 19 29 324 180 144

Xibe 1,491 709 782 2,569 1,201 1,368

Yao 1,112 623 489 3,213 1,511 1,702

Yi 1,919 963 956 5,849 3,418 2,431

Yugur 52 24 28 95 39 56

Zhuang 7,322 3,630 3,692 14,994 7,275 7,719

Note Total population includes servicemen (while ethnic breakdowns do not include them) aswell as unknown ethnic groups and foreigners with Chinese citizenship


Table A.3 Chongqing’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 30,512,763 15,841,429 14,671,334 28,846,170 14,608,870 14,237,300

Achang 12 3 9 19 6 13

Bai 1,140 464 676 1,569 712 857

Baonan 3 1 2 9 8 1

Blang 261 33 228 288 45 243

Buyi 2,401 772 1,629 3,383 1,310 2,073

Dai 604 126 478 881 239 642

Daur 47 20 27 118 47 71

Deang 6 1 5 5 1 4

Derung 129 58 71 9 5 4

Dong 2,585 1,354 1,231 3,271 1,724 1,547

Dongxiang 25 13 12 102 56 46

Ewenki 22 9 13 25 12 13

Gaoshan 60 26 34 45 24 21

Gelao 1,191 340 851 2,808 1,298 1,510

Han 28,539,156 14,812,506 13,726,650 26,909,061 13,617,247 13,291,814

Hani 959 182 777 1,398 365 1,033

Hezhe 9 6 3 12 6 6

Hui 10,064 5,019 5,045 9,056 4,658 4,398

Jing 27 13 14 25 14 11

Jingpo 16 5 11 82 21 61

Jino 31 6 25 27 9 18

Kazak 22 8 14 259 104 155

Kirgiz 2 1 1 28 11 17

Korean 1,044 525 519 637 331 306

Lahu 459 51 408 479 82 397

Lhoba 17 6 11 2 2

Li 228 108 120 587 277 310

Lisu 219 42 177 328 117 211

Manchu 3,079 1,620 1,459 4,571 2,431 2,140

Maonan 15 5 10 63 33 30

Miao 502,421 266,237 236,184 482,714 248,537 234,177

Monba 15 6 9 16 8 8

Mongol 7,846 3,228 4,618 5,688 2,890 2,798

(continued)





Mulao 111 38 73 208 80 128

Naxi 217 80 137 421 171 250

Nu 10 3 7 28 11 17

Oroqen 5 2 3 3 3

Pumi 11 3 8 51 28 23

Qiang 365 168 197 675 317 358

Russian 12 4 8 40 15 25

Salar 36 13 23 71 40 31

She 92 56 36 252 146 106

Shui 120 52 68 197 93 104

Tajik 177 121 56 2 1 1

Tatar 6 2 4 1 1

Tibetan 2,292 931 1,361 3,086 1,250 1,836

Tu 220 81 139 715 351 364

Tujia 1,424,352 742,694 681,658 1,398,707 717,687 681,020

Uygur 1,194 572 622 1,162 605 557

Uzbek 4 2 2

Va 1,445 770 675 577 112 465

Xibe 52 25 27 143 70 73

Yao 474 192 282 1,045 455 590

Yi 4,531 1,397 3,134 6,336 2,598 3,738

Yugur 3 3 27 14 13

Zhuang 2,764 1,380 1,384 4,634 2,066 2,568

Note Total population includes servicemen (while ethnic breakdowns do not include them) as well as unknownethnic groups and foreigners with Chinese citizenship


Table A.4 Fujian’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 34,097,947 17,568,535 16,529,412 36,894,217 18,981,054 17,913,163

Achang 3 3 62 29 33

Bai 608 302 306 4,008 2,127 1,881

Baonan 3 2 1 5 2 3

Blang 10 4 6 226 117 109

Buyi 4,206 2,130 2,076 22,172 12,141 10,031

Dai 169 56 113 2,401 1,230 1,171

Daur 24 12 12 96 43 53

Deang 1 1 22 13 9

Derung 47 23 24 11 5 6

Dong 5,768 3,452 2,316 15,608 9,111 6,497

Dongxiang 15 10 5 339 199 140

Ewenki 12 4 8 16 6 10

Gaoshan 416 218 198 423 224 199

Gelao 618 411 207 3,249 1,878 1,371

Han 33,514,147 17,251,899 16,262,248 36,097,362 18,544,219 17,553,143

Hani 92 24 68 1,373 749 624

Hezhe 1 1 43 22 21

Hui 109,880 61,664 48,216 115,978 65,663 50,315

Jing 67 18 49 260 120 140

Jingpo 31 4 27 295 137 158

Jino 4 4 16 5 11

Kazak 6 3 3 1,492 709 783

Kirgiz 7 2 5 50 32 18

Korean 1,785 895 890 2,157 1,088 1,069

Lahu 26 4 22 375 203 172

Lhoba 26 12 14 16 10 6

Li 524 202 322 3,551 1,660 1,891

Lisu 21 5 16 403 193 210

Manchu 7,094 3,716 3,378 8,372 4,258 4,114

Maonan 86 29 57 372 203 169

Miao 22,065 12,925 9,140 88,017 50,024 37,993

Monba 24 10 14 23 9 14

Mongol 6,114 2,741 3,373 5,830 2,948 2,882

(continued)





Mulao 131 69 62 527 245 282

Naxi 49 22 27 123 53 70

Nu 27 8 19 307 160 147

Oroqen 25 7 18 12 8 4

Pumi 7 2 5 47 28 19

Qiang 99 53 46 458 247 211

Russian 13 4 9 30 13 17

Salar 13 7 6 80 43 37

She 375,193 201,710 173,483 365,514 196,573 168,941

Shui 353 227 126 2,433 1,301 1,132

Tajik 22 14 8 19 13 6

Tatar 17 11 6

Tibetan 1,290 526 764 1,739 711 1,028

Tu 890 515 375 4,000 2,268 1,732

Tujia 29,046 17,638 11,408 89,824 51,104 38,720

Uygur 1,080 611 469 1,159 632 527

Uzbek 8 3 5 9 4 5

Va 108 49 59 1,325 723 602

Xibe 53 20 33 142 51 91

Yao 1,226 560 666 5,669 3,163 2,506

Yi 2,615 1,239 1,376 13,536 7,630 5,906

Yugur 3 1 2 34 15 19

Zhuang 10,818 3,909 6,909 29,696 15,037 14,659



Table A.5 Gansu’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 25,124,282 13,021,654 12,102,628 25,575,263 13,064,193 12,511,070

Achang 1 1 1 1

Bai 272 158 114 291 181 110

Baonan 15,170 7,690 7,480 18,170 8,908 9,262

Blang 9 3 6 12 5 7

Buyi 768 376 392 366 201 165

Dai 13 5 8 89 43 46

Daur 115 57 58 95 45 50

Deang 7 6 1 2 1 1

Derung 37 22 15 8 4 4

Dong 380 208 172 136 77 59

Dongxiang 451,622 231,589 220,033 546,255 276,107 270,148

Ewenki 16 9 7 13 7 6

Gaoshan 55 25 30 27 15 12

Gelao 18 7 11 98 64 34

Han 22,925,063 11,888,144 11,036,919 23,164,817 11,841,566 11,323,251

Hani 40 20 20 88 36 52

Hezhe 21 12 9 42 26 16

Hui 1,184,930 620,249 564,681 1,258,641 642,356 616,285

Jing 7 3 4 109 54 55

Jingpo 11 6 5 19 13 6

Jino 1 1 5 1 4

Kazak 2,963 1,453 1,510 4,444 2,124 2,320

Kirgiz 13 7 6 48 12 36

Korean 1,565 804 761 559 273 286

Lahu 10 9 1 14 6 8

Lhoba 1 1

Li 58 32 26 517 250 267

Lisu 115 62 53 28 13 15

Manchu 17,285 8,958 8,327 14,206 7,444 6,762

Maonan 77 35 42 12 6 6

Miao 1,509 721 788 1,212 738 474

Monba 24 12 12 89 41 48

Mongol 15,774 6,485 9,289 10,935 5,351 5,584

(continued)





Mulao 30 20 10 39 24 15

Naxi 28 9 19 53 26 27

Nu 7 4 3 101 44 57

Oroqen 10 7 3 10 5 5

Pumi 11 6 5 8 5 3

Qiang 64 29 35 115 62 53

Russian 55 22 33 48 16 32

Salar 11,784 6,195 5,589 13,517 6,852 6,665

She 201 132 69 245 154 91

Shui 88 36 52 50 31 19

Tajik 99 53 46 13 4 9

Tatar 186 90 96 18 10 8

Tibetan 443,228 222,362 220,866 488,359 245,262 243,097

Tu 30,338 15,410 14,928 30,781 15,154 15,627

Tujia 1,341 754 587 2,092 1,269 823

Uygur 2,131 987 1,144 1,937 853 1,084

Uzbek 18 7 11 15 7 8

Va 143 75 68 97 50 47

Xibe 312 166 146 299 138 161

Yao 228 121 107 354 181 173

Yi 1,722 772 950 870 493 377

Yugur 12,962 6,567 6,395 13,001 6,640 6,361

Zhuang 1,308 642 666 1,647 824 823



Table A.6 Guangdong’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national populationcensuses



Total 85,225,007 43,381,720 41,843,287 104,320,459 54,400,538 49,919,921

Achang 40 13 27 623 389 234

Bai 5,905 2,983 2,922 16,692 9,419 7,273

Baonan 5 2 3 25 15 10

Blang 98 35 63 495 258 237

Buyi 23,237 11,089 12,148 64,253 35,809 28,444

Dai 1,256 293 963 6,675 3,554 3,121

Daur 158 72 86 411 208 203

Deang 7 1 6 62 38 24

Derung 64 34 30 51 27 24

Dong 55,870 25,767 30,103 83,574 46,825 36,749

Dongxiang 61 34 27 403 309 94

Ewenki 249 82 167 92 49 43

Gaoshan 142 71 71 161 81 80

Gelao 5,782 2,687 3,095 10,897 5,910 4,987

Han 83,955,870 42,777,757 41,178,113 102,253,138 53,273,872 48,979,266

Hani 1,061 425 636 5,987 3,585 2,402

Hezhe 13 7 6 298 150 148

Hui 25,307 12,394 12,913 45,073 24,357 20,716

Jing 285 111 174 484 232 252

Jingpo 261 107 154 677 387 290

Jino 17 3 14 26 7 19

Kazak 46 22 24 4,602 2,504 2,098

Kirgiz 15 7 8 577 314 263

Korean 10,463 5,309 5,154 17,615 9,118 8,497

Lahu 350 26 324 1,335 723 612

Lhoba 8 4 4 8 5 3

Li 6,550 2,292 4,258 19,579 9,950 9,629

Lisu 162 56 106 1,693 1,069 624

Manchu 17,972 9,044 8,928 29,557 15,200 14,357

Maonan 1,263 502 761 5,017 2,866 2,151

Miao 120,606 59,446 61,160 251,970 141,661 110,309

Monba 22 8 14 62 26 36

(continued)





Mongol 20,669 8,215 12,454 14,331 7,495 6,836

Mulao 4,814 2,089 2,725 10,961 5,918 5,043

Naxi 144 79 65 499 277 222

Nu 38 15 23 584 277 307

Oroqen 26 12 14 52 24 28

Pumi 32 10 22 121 61 60

Qiang 340 164 176 1,886 1,058 828

Russian 50 21 29 125 38 87

Salar 89 46 43 823 508 315

She 28,053 15,322 12,731 29,549 16,743 12,806

Shui 1,948 1,028 920 6,525 3,675 2,850

Tajik 95 41 54 165 98 67

Tatar 10 4 6 55 28 27

Tibetan 7,020 2,859 4,161 5,604 2,723 2,881

Tu 4,500 2,385 2,115 10,161 5,629 4,532

Tujia 135,431 68,464 66,967 212,513 117,141 95,372

Uygur 3,057 1,682 1,375 6,438 2,602 3,836

Uzbek 42 22 20 73 41 32

Va 655 215 440 4,718 2,723 1,995

Xibe 322 151 171 705 341 364

Yao 202,667 102,744 99,923 276,266 148,395 127,871

Yi 8,700 4,062 4,638 36,264 20,632 15,632

Yugur 9 9 53 32 21

Zhuang 570,200 260,335 309,865 877,509 473,900 403,609



Table A.7 Guangxi’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 43,854,538 23,239,376 20,615,162 46,023,761 23,924,704 22,099,057

Achang 19 13 6 26 14 12

Bai 831 392 439 2,489 1,255 1,234

Baonan 2 1 1 1 1

Blang 49 19 30 81 32 49

Buyi 20,826 9,484 11,342 20,072 8,094 11,978

Dai 847 339 508 796 276 520

Daur 60 23 37 83 37 46

Deang 2 2 7 2 5

Derung 28 15 13 21 9 12

Dong 303,139 156,153 146,986 305,565 153,819 151,746

Dongxiang 98 48 50 17 10 7

Ewenki 35 16 19 46 19 27

Gaoshan 409 228 181 278 159 119

Gelao 3,820 1,961 1,859 3,885 2,048 1,837

Han 27,024,974 14,471,260 12,553,714 28,916,096 15,156,624 13,759,472

Hani 214 90 124 474 222 252

Hezhe 13 10 3 63 34 29

Hui 32,512 16,433 16,079 32,319 16,420 15,899

Jing 20,123 10,256 9,867 23,283 12,047 11,236

Jingpo 95 46 49 41 5 36

Jino 5 1 4 4 2 2

Kazak 49 27 22 1,884 977 907

Kirgiz 9 5 4 28 16 12

Korean 2,008 1,055 953 2,701 1,417 1,284

Lahu 65 38 27 111 42 69

Lhoba 1 1 3 3

Li 2,997 1,535 1,462 4,542 2,251 2,291

Lisu 59 30 29 154 63 91

Manchu 9,576 4,842 4,734 11,159 5,695 5,464

Maonan 73,578 39,083 34,495 65,587 34,112 31,475

Miao 462,956 237,672 225,284 475,492 241,305 234,187

Monba 3 2 1 77 27 50

Mongol 8,651 2,872 5,779 3,017 1,485 1,532

(continued)





Mulao 170,225 87,729 82,496 172,305 87,513 84,792

Naxi 52 25 27 149 69 80

Nu 43 21 22 119 65 54

Oroqen 20 10 10 8 4 4

Pumi 21 5 16 25 18 7

Qiang 115 62 53 169 87 82

Russian 13 4 9 8 2 6

Salar 30 17 13 128 59 69

She 418 253 165 829 496 333

Shui 15,476 8,332 7,144 13,559 7,025 6,534

Tajik 135 71 64 2 2

Tatar 4 2 2 24 13 11

Tibetan 2,194 998 1,196 815 393 422

Tu 438 237 201 1,501 665 836

Tujia 4,630 2,586 2,044 9,155 4,830 4,325

Uygur 1,550 753 797 1,795 930 865

Uzbek 47 22 25 13 8 5

Va 248 119 129 662 304 358

Xibe 118 56 62 146 79 67

Yao 1,471,946 775,032 696,914 1,493,530 772,111 721,419

Yi 9,712 5,033 4,679 9,700 5,045 4,655

Yugur 48 21 27 7 2 5

Zhuang 14,207,143 7,403,064 6,804,079 14,448,422 7,406,315 7,042,107



Table A.8 Guizhou’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 35,247,695 18,464,477 16,783,218 34,748,556 17,905,471 16,843,085

Achang 28 12 16 26 9 17

Bai 187,362 101,312 86,050 179,510 95,923 83,587

Baonan 3 2 1 8 4 4

Blang 30 14 16 49 16 33

Buyi 2,798,200 1,449,457 1,348,743 2,510,565 1,271,051 1,239,514

Dai 755 281 474 1,217 488 729

Daur 120 58 62 32 11 21

Deang 2 2 16 6 10

Derung 82 43 39 87 44 43

Dong 1,628,568 869,205 759,363 1,431,928 750,208 681,720

Dongxiang 412 186 226 958 433 525

Ewenki 46 21 25 1 1

Gaoshan 228 127 101 191 90 101

Gelao 559,041 300,372 258,669 495,182 258,935 236,247

Han 21,911,687 11,470,182 10,441,505 22,344,156 11,517,873 10,826,283

Hani 891 373 518 1,092 403 689

Hezhe 13 3 10 8 4 4

Hui 168,734 87,683 81,051 184,788 95,009 89,779

Jing 641 340 301 1,143 620 523

Jingpo 413 222 191 572 282 290

Jino 6 1 5 10 3 7

Kazak 226 98 128 2,093 1,072 1,021

Kirgiz 17 8 9 2 1 1

Korean 1,192 610 582 664 318 346

Lahu 82 29 53 182 53 129

Lhoba 70 41 29 85 49 36

Li 56,082 29,735 26,347 135,173 69,980 65,193

Lisu 120 45 75 337 150 187

Manchu 21,932 11,392 10,540 23,086 11,932 11,154

Maonan 31,240 16,426 14,814 27,332 14,243 13,089

Miao 4,299,954 2,247,415 2,052,539 3,968,400 2,040,932 1,927,468

Monba 5 2 3 9 6 3

Mongol 47,531 26,282 21,249 41,561 23,203 18,358

(continued)





Mulao 28,435 15,500 12,935 24,956 13,293 11,663

Naxi 294 135 159 353 162 191

Nu 21 9 12 28 8 20

Oroqen 8 5 3 24 13 11

Pumi 4 4 16 8 8

Qiang 1,431 826 605 1,605 899 706

Russian 31 17 14 25 14 11

Salar 87 42 45 99 61 38

She 44,926 24,009 20,917 36,558 19,096 17,462

Shui 369,723 194,337 175,386 348,746 180,317 168,429

Tajik 16 5 11

Tatar 2 1 1 3 1 2

Tibetan 1,787 864 923 1,281 585 696

Tu 2,942 1,531 1,411 5,154 2,755 2,399

Tujia 1,430,286 748,222 682,064 1,436,977 736,526 700,451

Uygur 1,149 543 606 548 335 213

Uzbek 1 1

Va 148 58 90 831 345 486

Xibe 171 85 86 185 89 96

Yao 44,392 23,912 20,480 40,879 21,428 19,451

Yi 843,554 441,058 402,496 834,461 429,553 404,908

Yugur 1 1 1 1

Zhuang 52,065 27,061 25,004 52,577 26,500 26,077



Table A.9 Hainan’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 7,559,035 4,002,445 3,556,590 8,671,485 4,592,283 4,079,202

Achang 43 16 27

Bai 222 101 121 305 150 155

Baonan

Blang 23 16 7 120 65 55

Buyi 1,544 900 644 1,789 971 818

Dai 197 73 124 902 417 485

Daur 55 17 38 58 21 37

Deang 1 1

Derung 17 7 10

Dong 1,350 762 588 1,819 1,096 723

Dongxiang 11 4 7 19 9 10

Ewenki 67 37 30 14 2 12

Gaoshan 80 41 39 111 64 47

Gelao 89 52 37 406 246 160

Han 6,245,329 3,319,929 2,925,400 7,246,067 3,853,244 3,392,823

Hani 93 45 48 154 70 84

Hezhe 9 2 7 13 5 8

Hui 8,372 4,206 4,166 10,670 5,405 5,265

Jing 123 39 84 189 92 97

Jingpo 37 20 17 15 5 10

Jino 1 1

Kazak 36 15 21 1,553 793 760

Kirgiz 16 8 8 1 1

Korean 786 422 364 973 456 517

Lahu 3 2 1 48 24 24

Lhoba 1 1

Li 1,172,181 609,534 562,647 1,262,262 655,504 606,758

Lisu 17 6 11 20 13 7

Manchu 1,694 846 848 3,750 1,853 1,897

Maonan 46 27 19 61 40 21

Miao 61,264 30,891 30,373 74,482 37,555 36,927

Monba 1 1 2 2

Mongol 1,888 680 1,208 3,463 1,679 1,784

(continued)





Mulao 151 75 76 168 97 71

Naxi 16 9 7 28 11 17

Nu 2 1 1 1,385 713 672

Oroqen 1 1 4 1 3

Pumi 4 1 3 3 2 1

Qiang 62 33 29 104 56 48

Russian 14 4 10 17 4 13

Salar 49 42 7 21 12 9

She 274 144 130 403 227 176

Shui 72 41 31 130 67 63

Tajik 38 22 16

Tatar 9 3 6

Tibetan 450 202 248 248 111 137

Tu 250 157 93 399 220 179

Tujia 3,321 1,900 1,421 4,286 2,289 1,997

Uygur 354 175 179 393 211 182

Uzbek 29 17 12

Va 37 16 21 154 85 69

Xibe 35 16 19 72 30 42

Yao 6,984 3,784 3,200 7,302 3,833 3,469

Yi 596 316 280 1,086 564 522

Yugur 1 1 3 1 2

Zhuang 50,507 26,688 23,819 45,909 23,914 21,995



Table A.10 Hebei’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 66,684,419 33,936,333 32,748,086 71,854,210 36,430,286 35,423,924

Achang 8 5 3 15 5 10

Bai 946 197 749 859 380 479

Baonan 7 4 3

Blang 15 4 11 50 14 36

Buyi 4,258 1,073 3,185 3,630 1,188 2,442

Dai 229 49 180 447 134 313

Daur 705 273 432 962 398 564

Deang 6 1 5 7 2 5

Derung 36 15 21 21 7 14

Dong 2,317 869 1,448 1,451 584 867

Dongxiang 37 12 25 78 52 26

Ewenki 127 42 85 172 63 109

Gaoshan 274 147 127 208 107 101

Gelao 161 68 93 425 247 178

Han 63,781,603 32,463,709 31,317,894 68,861,333 34,894,643 33,966,690

Hani 301 81 220 387 109 278

Hezhe 46 19 27 90 45 45

Hui 542,639 271,936 270,703 570,170 286,331 283,839

Jing 29 14 15 77 25 52

Jingpo 36 10 26 70 22 48

Jino 4 1 3 24 12 12

Kazak 29 12 17 320 163 157

Kirgiz 15 5 10 25 14 11

Korean 11,783 5,301 6,482 11,296 5,358 5,938

Lahu 89 13 76 175 50 125

Lhoba 5 1 4 6 2 4

Li 238 67 171 861 340 521

Lisu 1,355 94 1,261 1,974 282 1,692

Manchu 2,118,711 1,093,798 1,024,913 2,169,311 1,128,634 1,040,677

Maonan 76 20 56 76 23 53

Miao 8,088 2,756 5,332 9,703 3,726 5,977

Monba 10 1 9 17 9 8

Mongol 169,887 83,397 86,490 180,849 92,087 88,762

(continued)





Mulao 344 102 242 291 90 201

Naxi 299 41 258 259 71 188

Nu 33 3 30 200 73 127

Oroqen 85 32 53 142 67 75

Pumi 15 15 14 4 10

Qiang 122 60 62 407 241 166

Russian 102 50 52 103 50 53

Salar 30 11 19 131 76 55

She 226 135 91 396 230 166

Shui 383 63 320 282 93 189

Tajik 35 14 21 8 6 2

Tatar 6 2 4 17 7 10

Tibetan 3,096 1,275 1,821 1,935 869 1,066

Tu 341 117 224 598 259 339

Tujia 6,354 2,900 3,454 8,061 4,071 3,990

Uygur 1,785 973 812 864 466 398

Uzbek 2 1 1 7 4 3

Va 148 48 100 674 355 319

Xibe 746 351 395 851 421 430

Yao 1,491 400 1,091 1,776 692 1,084

Yi 3,721 1,149 2,572 4,632 2,207 2,425

Yugur 13 6 7 33 20 13

Zhuang 20,832 4,561 16,271 17,295 4,780 12,515



Table A.11 Heilongjiang’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national populationcensuses



Total 36,237,576 18,520,747 17,716,829 38,313,991 19,426,106 18,887,885

Achang 3 2 1 3 3

Bai 278 142 136 149 83 66

Baonan 7 4 3 3 1 2

Blang 10 6 4 12 4 8

Buyi 856 413 443 425 220 205

Dai 23 15 8 76 29 47

Daur 43,608 21,670 21,938 40,277 19,985 20,292

Deang 3 1 2

Derung 55 28 27 8 2 6

Dong 940 552 388 217 129 88

Dongxiang 64 42 22 19 11 8

Ewenki 2,706 1,263 1,443 2,648 1,191 1,457

Gaoshan 61 34 27 25 7 18

Gelao 51 31 20 90 54 36

Han 34,465,039 17,588,318 16,876,721 36,939,181 18,696,097 18,243,084

Hani 78 26 52 105 51 54

Hezhe 3,910 1,957 1,953 3,613 1,803 1,810

Hui 124,003 62,634 61,369 101,749 51,338 50,411

Jing 36 20 16 22 11 11

Jingpo 8 3 5 11 2 9

Jino 1 1 1 1

Kazak 48 19 29 165 106 59

Kirgiz 1,473 727 746 1,431 709 722

Korean 388,458 195,224 193,234 327,806 164,200 163,606

Lahu 11 1 10

Lhoba 7 2 5 4 3 1

Li 83 32 51 477 198 279

Lisu 18 8 10 39 16 23

Manchu 1,037,080 565,269 471,811 748,020 414,472 333,548

Maonan 7 4 3 5 1 4

Miao 3,173 1,655 1,518 2,575 1,407 1,168

Monba 2 1 1

(continued)





Mongol 141,495 67,960 73,535 125,483 63,393 62,090

Mulao 52 34 18 46 22 24

Naxi 36 17 19 45 27 18

Nu 4 2 2 21 8 13

Oroqen 3,871 1,851 2,020 3,943 1,872 2,071

Pumi 17 10 7 4 2 2

Qiang 25 13 12 34 21 13

Russian 265 121 144 312 158 154

Salar 4 1 3 7 3 4

She 112 73 39 94 61 33

Shui 118 65 53 47 29 18

Tajik 73 40 33 9 5 4

Tatar 11 7 4 3 2 1

Tibetan 1,655 766 889 589 312 277

Tu 113 62 51 101 60 41

Tujia 2,217 1,265 952 2,175 1,350 825

Uygur 1,189 623 566 884 553 331

Uzbek 1 1 5 4 1

Va 73 42 31 64 26 38

Xibe 8,886 5,053 3,833 7,608 4,294 3,314

Yao 358 209 149 437 234 203

Yi 2,060 935 1,125 730 428 302

Yugur 28 16 12 28 14 14

Zhuang 2,700 1,432 1,268 2,070 1,060 1,010



Table A.12 Henan’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 91,236,854 47,046,599 44,190,255 94,029,939 47,493,063 46,536,876

Achang 15 3 12 148 67 81

Bai 946 225 721 581 245 336

Baonan 2 2 4 2 2

Blang 77 10 67 80 18 62

Buyi 2,244 904 1,340 5,958 2,604 3,354

Dai 500 67 433 511 105 406

Daur 144 68 76 122 42 80

Deang 9 3 6 11 11

Derung 44 17 27 55 27 28

Dong 1,314 633 681 558 254 304

Dongxiang 29 13 16 72 47 25

Ewenki 17 7 10 23 7 16

Gaoshan 946 626 320 780 397 383

Gelao 115 64 51 240 119 121

Han 90,093,286 46,468,976 43,624,310 92,908,354 46,924,281 45,984,073

Hani 425 44 381 373 83 290

Hezhe 17 7 10 30 13 17

Hui 953,531 478,488 475,043 957,964 479,252 478,712

Jing 17 7 10 120 51 69

Jingpo 85 6 79 130 12 118

Jino 1 1 7 1 6

Kazak 38 9 29 4,805 2,330 2,475

Kirgiz 15 7 8 37 20 17

Korean 4,312 2,126 2,186 1,457 664 793

Lahu 1,151 88 1,063 700 51 649

Lhoba 8 3 5

Li 241 79 162 1,002 405 597

Lisu 212 28 184 167 25 142

Manchu 61,705 35,649 26,056 55,493 31,697 23,796

Maonan 19 4 15 23 6 17

Miao 5,425 2,180 3,245 4,321 1,683 2,638

Monba 10 4 6 45 16 29

Mongol 82,170 44,437 37,733 63,473 39,117 24,356

(continued)





Mulao 41 15 26 72 30 42

Naxi 186 40 146 123 35 88

Nu 4 2 2 186 92 94

Oroqen 15 8 7 14 6 8

Pumi 29 8 21 9 2 7

Qiang 75 48 27 216 103 113

Russian 54 24 30 32 12 20

Salar 92 61 31 279 168 111

She 134 70 64 200 104 96

Shui 80 32 48 333 172 161

Tajik 73 32 41 23 8 15

Tatar 8 4 4 4 2 2

Tibetan 3,953 1,491 2,462 1,811 598 1,213

Tu 419 175 244 576 236 340

Tujia 5,122 2,516 2,606 5,287 2,642 2,645

Uygur 4,623 2,542 2,081 3,035 1,646 1,389

Uzbek 10 2 8 16 13 3

Va 1,715 145 1,570 1,572 337 1,235

Xibe 292 142 150 273 123 150

Yao 408 183 225 763 276 487

Yi 5,364 2,026 3,338 1,764 672 1,092

Yugur 6 3 3 52 21 31

Zhuang 4,888 2,185 2,703 5,361 2,004 3,357



Table A.13 Hubei’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 59,508,870 30,982,241 28,526,629 57,237,727 29,391,247 27,846,480

Achang 2 2 12 4 8

Bai 7,173 3,940 3,233 6,410 3,288 3,122

Baonan 3 1 2 6 4 2

Blang 9 4 5 36 10 26

Buyi 1,214 683 531 2,152 961 1,191

Dai 141 62 79 353 162 191

Daur 37 22 15 92 41 51

Deang 20 9 11

Derung 21 7 14 18 8 10

Dong 69,947 38,418 31,529 52,121 27,604 24,517

Dongxiang 78 46 32 67 39 28

Ewenki 24 11 13 24 8 16

Gaoshan 63 38 25 162 88 74

Gelao 385 261 124 585 323 262

Han 56,911,968 29,614,784 27,297,184 54,769,192 28,128,850 26,640,342

Hani 151 63 88 314 117 197

Hezhe 9 3 6 16 10 6

Hui 77,759 40,114 37,645 67,185 34,858 32,327

Jing 42 29 13 93 54 39

Jingpo 15 5 10 38 11 27

Jino 1 1 10 4 6

Kazak 40 18 22 2,191 1,057 1,134

Kirgiz 4 1 3 36 20 16

Korean 2,949 1,620 1,329 1,960 1,025 935

Lahu 30 8 22 108 46 62

Lhoba 5 2 3 2 2

Li 706 390 316 2,709 1,327 1,382

Lisu 50 26 24 138 59 79

Manchu 14,540 7,581 6,959 12,899 6,762 6,137

Maonan 50 30 20 151 62 89

Miao 214,266 117,904 96,362 177,490 94,179 83,311

Monba 4 2 2 25 10 15

Mongol 10,887 4,935 5,952 10,318 5,415 4,903

(continued)





Mulao 177 102 75 276 88 188

Naxi 126 71 55 179 86 93

Nu 4 3 1 156 81 75

Oroqen 7 1 6 11 7 4

Pumi 12 6 6 26 12 14

Qiang 224 153 71 256 146 110

Russian 26 6 20 26 13 13

Salar 58 42 16 135 88 47

She 2,523 1,571 952 3,058 1,890 1,168

Shui 94 54 40 577 309 268

Tajik 36 20 16 9 6 3

Tatar 2 1 1 10 4 6

Tibetan 1,648 803 845 2,175 974 1,201

Tu 636 390 246 1,963 958 1,005

Tujia 2,177,409 1,140,541 1,036,868 2,100,052 1,069,839 1,030,213

Uygur 1,457 813 644 2,577 1,457 1,120

Uzbek 9 4 5

Va 66 28 38 532 255 277

Xibe 215 104 111 228 109 119

Yao 1,569 856 713 2,709 1,242 1,467

Yi 2,117 1,152 965 2,748 1,434 1,314

Yugur 4 3 1 19 10 9

Zhuang 7,824 4,480 3,344 12,240 5,422 6,818



Table A.14 Hunan’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 63,274,173 32,993,704 30,280,469 65,700,762 33,776,459 31,924,303

Achang 29 1 28 26 8 18

Bai 125,597 65,371 60,226 115,678 59,088 56,590

Baonan 6 4 2 13 7 6

Blang 100 9 91 138 9 129

Buyi 3,173 1,241 1,932 4,039 1,463 2,576

Dai 587 102 485 837 208 629

Daur 116 56 60 39 20 19

Deang 15 6 9 9 9

Derung 66 36 30 36 20 16

Dong 842,123 448,292 393,831 854,960 452,380 402,580

Dongxiang 28 13 15 62 41 21

Ewenki 34 17 17 4 2 2

Gaoshan 189 86 103 128 66 62

Gelao 397 241 156 911 430 481

Han 56,863,479 29,639,115 27,224,364 59,149,353 30,385,867 28,763,486

Hani 1,337 285 1,052 1,055 182 873

Hezhe 5 3 2 36 15 21

Hui 97,368 50,412 46,956 94,705 49,291 45,414

Jing 46 25 21 86 34 52

Jingpo 136 18 118 135 21 114

Jino 13 2 11 17 2 15

Kazak 110 54 56 2,775 1,409 1,366

Kirgiz 10 3 7 62 31 31

Korean 2,693 1,330 1,363 1,180 583 597

Lahu 480 27 453 383 38 345

Lhoba 15 9 6 3 2 1

Li 862 430 432 2,350 1,040 1,310

Lisu 145 45 100 199 73 126

Manchu 8,206 4,112 4,094 7,566 3,944 3,622

Maonan 52 20 32 199 74 125

Miao 1,921,495 998,820 922,675 2,060,426 1,061,107 999,319

Monba 7 2 5 60 26 34

Mongol 15,869 5,384 10,485 3,693 1,824 1,869

(continued)





Mulao 719 389 330 906 462 444

Naxi 113 60 53 126 56 70

Nu 29 18 11 210 103 107

Oroqen 8 4 4 5 2 3

Pumi 22 8 14 24 12 12

Qiang 73 34 39 180 88 92

Russian 25 7 18 24 7 17

Salar 272 126 146 79 39 40

She 2,891 1,736 1,155 3,059 1,735 1,324

Shui 270 91 179 598 283 315

Tajik 105 58 47 3 1 2

Tatar 16 8 8 15 8 7

Tibetan 2,930 1,339 1,591 1,622 758 864

Tu 1,097 570 527 5,137 2,544 2,593

Tujia 2,639,534 1,376,741 1,262,793 2,632,452 1,355,212 1,277,240

Uygur 7,939 4,148 3,791 6,716 3,696 3,020

Uzbek 22 8 14 33 15 18

Va 803 260 543 915 359 556

Xibe 93 44 49 136 71 65

Yao 704,564 378,435 326,129 713,191 377,080 336,111

Yi 4,116 1,793 2,323 3,183 1,374 1,809

Yugur 3 1 2 18 6 12

Zhuang 23,559 12,168 11,391 30,387 12,964 17,423



Table A.15 Inner Mongolia’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national populationcensuses



Total 23,323,347 12,061,615 11,261,732 24,706,291 12,838,243 11,868,048

Achang 6 2 4 16 11 5

Bai 248 108 140 443 194 249

Baonan 7 4 3 90 73 17

Blang 1 1 15 3 12

Buyi 822 409 413 537 260 277

Dai 96 34 62 179 74 105

Daur 77,188 38,535 38,653 76,255 37,684 38,571

Deang 1 1 5 2 3

Derung 190 91 99 7 3 4

Dong 540 257 283 438 246 192

Dongxiang 118 74 44 574 374 200

Ewenki 26,201 12,851 13,350 26,139 12,578 13,561

Gaoshan 144 69 75 120 62 58

Gelao 20 12 8 249 194 55

Han 18,465,586 9,630,944 8,834,642 19,650,665 10,306,496 9,344,169

Hani 92 30 62 320 106 214

Hezhe 54 24 30 50 23 27

Hui 209,850 106,491 103,359 221,483 113,289 108,194

Jing 13 4 9 25 10 15

Jingpo 28 10 18 39 7 32

Jino 1 1 11 4 7

Kazak 20 10 10 377 206 171

Kirgiz 153 84 69 141 79 62

Korean 21,859 10,726 11,133 18,464 9,016 9,448

Lahu 35 13 22 347 77 270

Lhoba

Li 449 176 273 981 444 537

Lisu 145 42 103 443 109 334

Manchu 499,911 254,193 245,718 452,765 233,007 219,758

Maonan 15 6 9 14 9 5

Miao 2,159 939 1,220 3,349 1,953 1,396

Monba 11 4 7 7 5 2

(continued)





Mongol 3,995,349 1,994,916 2,000,433 4,226,090 2,108,197 2,117,893

Mulao 30 14 16 37 24 13

Naxi 31 17 14 60 29 31

Nu 9 2 7 18 3 15

Oroqen 3,573 1,702 1,871 3,632 1,699 1,933

Pumi 11 2 9 5 5

Qiang 109 52 57 144 81 63

Russian 5,020 2,472 2,548 4,673 2,276 2,397

Salar 26 20 6 53 34 19

She 94 53 41 202 127 75

Shui 54 23 31 122 67 55

Tajik 29 11 18 6 3 3

Tatar 6 1 5 6 2 4

Tibetan 2,062 906 1,156 3,259 1,821 1,438

Tu 437 211 226 557 297 260

Tujia 1,678 823 855 3,096 1,822 1,274

Uygur 1,259 685 574 658 385 273

Uzbek 8 4 4 6 4 2

Va 206 82 124 519 130 389

Xibe 3,023 1,549 1,474 3,000 1,555 1,445

Yao 231 107 124 318 169 149

Yi 2,089 813 1,276 2,854 1,620 1,234

Yugur 27 14 13 38 22 16

Zhuang 1,895 929 966 2,319 1,239 1,080



Table A.16 Jiangsu’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 73,043,577 36,982,038 36,061,539 78,660,941 39,626,707 39,034,234

Achang 42 5 37 98 44 54

Bai 2,300 453 1,847 4,020 1,723 2,297

Baonan 3 1 2 32 16 16

Blang 180 10 170 265 67 198

Buyi 8,229 2,062 6,167 16,689 7,315 9,374

Dai 1,083 90 993 2,189 693 1,496

Daur 103 45 58 283 136 147

Deang 9 9 14 5 9

Derung 35 11 24 26 10 16

Dong 9,528 2,134 7,394 12,280 4,889 7,391

Dongxiang 35 15 20 420 277 143

Ewenki 57 13 44 49 20 29

Gaoshan 120 47 73 120 54 66

Gelao 721 307 414 2,488 1,291 1,197

Han 72,783,674 36,875,556 35,908,118 78,276,015 39,442,857 38,833,158

Hani 2,049 123 1,926 2,916 953 1,963

Hezhe 13 1 12 68 36 32

Hui 132,582 66,614 65,968 130,757 67,024 63,733

Jing 90 19 71 218 101 117

Jingpo 60 4 56 298 92 206

Jino 9 1 8 24 5 19

Kazak 73 33 40 2,124 985 1,139

Kirgiz 30 15 15 61 30 31

Korean 5,048 2,434 2,614 9,525 4,920 4,605

Lahu 610 29 581 1,042 187 855

Lhoba 9 1 8 1 1

Li 738 233 505 2,447 974 1,473

Lisu 842 53 789 1,447 383 1,064

Manchu 11,880 5,699 6,181 18,074 8,865 9,209

Maonan 54 19 35 184 94 90

Miao 22,246 5,123 17,123 49,535 21,979 27,556

Monba 14 5 9 136 65 71

Mongol 14,167 4,771 9,396 10,691 5,160 5,531

(continued)





Mulao 167 41 126 522 223 299

Naxi 256 61 195 329 123 206

Nu 66 5 61 356 158 198

Oroqen 25 9 16 43 16 27

Pumi 66 9 57 38 14 24

Qiang 215 82 133 954 486 468

Russian 67 30 37 109 48 61

Salar 51 18 33 353 187 166

She 742 401 341 1,738 958 780

Shui 2,775 1,369 1,406 13,089 7,056 6,033

Tajik 39 16 23 17 5 12

Tatar 10 5 5 19 11 8

Tibetan 2,659 1,073 1,586 3,358 1,451 1,907

Tu 706 237 469 2,263 986 1,277

Tujia 16,539 6,112 10,427 41,258 20,177 21,081

Uygur 2,213 1,245 968 4,367 2,038 2,329

Uzbek 5 1 4 15 6 9

Va 378 56 322 1,481 701 780

Xibe 207 94 113 433 189 244

Yao 1,159 315 844 3,575 1,644 1,931

Yi 8,244 1,960 6,284 18,896 8,576 10,320

Yugur 7 2 5 41 25 16

Zhuang 8,934 2,419 6,515 20,880 9,272 11,608



Table A.17 Jiangxi’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 40,397,598 20,990,240 19,407,358 44,567,797 23,003,521 21,564,276

Achang 1 1 14 4 10

Bai 337 119 218 1,621 815 806

Baonan

Blang 13 6 7 31 16 15

Buyi 1,762 680 1,082 2,156 838 1,318

Dai 75 30 45 484 225 259

Daur 52 20 32 57 18 39

Deang 3 3 1 1

Derung 16 4 12 3 2 1

Dong 1,564 797 767 2,189 1,170 1,019

Dongxiang 8 3 5 49 31 18

Ewenki 5 2 3 19 6 13

Gaoshan 134 84 50 132 80 52

Gelao 122 52 70 336 156 180

Han 40,271,881 20,924,958 19,346,923 44,415,487 22,919,893 21,495,594

Hani 63 12 51 265 124 141

Hezhe 8 5 3

Hui 9,972 5,091 4,881 8,902 4,679 4,223

Jing 278 153 125 301 170 131

Jingpo 12 8 4 65 23 42

Jino 1 1 5 3 2

Kazak 9 3 6 1,718 861 857

Kirgiz 8 8 46 24 22

Korean 1,703 873 830 543 226 317

Lahu 12 1 11 140 33 107

Lhoba 1 1 1 1

Li 301 98 203 1,536 699 837

Lisu 21 11 10 96 34 62

Manchu 5,075 2,684 2,391 4,942 2,638 2,304

Maonan 35 17 18 86 41 45

Miao 5,414 2,533 2,881 9,125 4,369 4,756

Monba 78 30 48

Mongol 9,010 2,811 6,199 3,479 1,770 1,709

(continued)





Mulao 72 35 37 181 81 100

Naxi 31 11 20 89 45 44

Nu 26 13 13 87 44 43

Oroqen 5 3 2 5 2 3

Pumi 5 4 1 6 4 2

Qiang 205 120 85 155 85 70

Russian 4 1 3 7 2 5

Salar 12 7 5 44 26 18

She 77,650 43,457 34,193 91,068 53,907 37,161

Shui 77 33 44 782 374 408

Tajik 57 24 33 33 15 18

Tatar 4 3 1

Tibetan 1,649 760 889 1,150 595 555

Tu 148 78 70 576 272 304

Tujia 1,551 753 798 4,815 2,372 2,443

Uygur 1,142 591 551 852 420 432

Uzbek 6 3 3 9 2 7

Va 111 55 56 759 327 432

Xibe 82 42 40 81 35 46

Yao 1,198 596 602 2,599 1,227 1,372

Yi 2,271 1,013 1,258 1,850 946 904

Yugur 1 1 18 11 7

Zhuang 3,046 1,375 1,671 7,979 3,363 4,616



Table A.18 Jilin’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 26,802,191 13,720,747 13,081,444 27,452,815 13,907,218 13,545,597

Achang 22 1 21

Bai 298 161 137 276 148 128

Baonan 8 6 2 6 4 2

Blang 9 4 5

Buyi 1,074 584 490 362 191 171

Dai 60 34 26 253 46 207

Daur 490 241 249 587 258 329

Deang 2 2

Derung 1 1

Dong 519 272 247 231 130 101

Dongxiang 32 17 15

Ewenki 75 32 43 104 46 58

Gaoshan 99 53 46 100 49 51

Gelao 90 51 39 71 48 23

Han 24,348,815 12,473,142 11,875,673 25,267,110 12,792,641 12,474,469

Hani 212 78 134 142 40 102

Hezhe 190 107 83 212 106 106

Hui 125,620 63,542 62,078 118,799 59,299 59,500

Jing 1 1 8 5 3

Jingpo 32 10 22 457 50 407

Jino 21 13 8 19 13 6

Kazak 89 46 43 467 209 258

Kirgiz 10 5 5 36 16 20

Korean 1,145,688 571,437 574,251 1,040,167 517,257 522,910

Lahu 12 5 7 33 8 25

Lhoba 5 1 4 3 1 2

Li 157 71 86 545 253 292

Lisu 30 13 17 100 22 78

Manchu 993,112 521,439 471,673 866,365 458,840 407,525

Maonan 3 2 1 6 2 4

Miao 1,531 785 746 1,446 749 697

Monba 11 6 5 18 8 10

Mongol 172,026 82,524 89,502 145,039 71,851 73,188

(continued)





Mulao 28 12 16 30 11 19

Naxi 15 11 4 14 8 6

Nu 27 8 19

Oroqen 125 50 75 111 39 72

Pumi 19 7 12 4 2 2

Qiang 26 14 12 238 120 118

Russian 64 37 27 48 21 27

Salar 9 4 5 50 30 20

She 45 24 21 82 34 48

Shui 14 8 6 50 27 23

Tajik 3 2 1 2 1 1

Tatar 2 1 1 5 2 3

Tibetan 1,615 721 894 652 264 388

Tu 49 28 21 128 60 68

Tujia 933 517 416 1,523 864 659

Uygur 1,500 868 632 1,127 517 610

Uzbek 1 1 2 2

Va 5 1 4 132 43 89

Xibe 3,168 1,649 1,519 3,113 1,622 1,491

Yao 220 127 93 308 148 160

Yi 2,253 1,068 1,185 558 326 232

Yugur 8 4 4

Zhuang 1,655 864 791 1,547 738 809



Table A.19 Liaoning’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 41,824,412 21,323,383 20,501,029 43,746,323 22,147,745 21,598,578

Achang 2 1 1 10 7 3

Bai 449 223 226 559 292 267

Baonan 2 1 1

Blang 4 2 2 19 9 10

Buyi 1,214 569 645 991 511 480

Dai 104 46 58 231 64 167

Daur 1,282 558 724 1,858 801 1,057

Deang 5 2 3

Derung 169 80 89 6 2 4

Dong 799 430 369 821 454 367

Dongxiang 8 5 3 27 16 11

Ewenki 221 85 136 448 198 250

Gaoshan 305 143 162 211 96 115

Gelao 89 53 36 211 145 66

Han 35,105,991 17,873,551 17,232,440 37,103,174 18,737,977 18,365,197

Hani 157 83 74 304 131 173

Hezhe 82 33 49 154 72 82

Hui 264,407 133,155 131,252 245,798 123,200 122,598

Jing 6 3 3 15 10 5

Jingpo 24 18 6 80 26 54

Jino 10 6 4

Kazak 121 51 70 448 182 266

Kirgiz 45 22 23 125 62 63

Korean 241,052 118,885 122,167 239,537 118,896 120,641

Lahu 14 6 8 48 17 31

Lhoba 9 6 3 11 8 3

Li 615 304 311 1,765 846 919

Lisu 152 20 132 646 96 550

Manchu 5,385,287 2,779,918 2,605,369 5,336,895 2,750,732 2,586,163

Maonan 20 8 12 19 12 7

Miao 3,009 1,626 1,383 3,952 2,342 1,610

Monba 9 5 4

Mongol 669,972 335,109 334,863 657,869 330,787 327,082

(continued)





Mulao 53 34 19 71 28 43

Naxi 86 40 46 125 63 62

Nu 3 1 2 76 20 56

Oroqen 161 63 98 196 72 124

Pumi 16 9 7 14 4 10

Qiang 81 40 41 171 89 82

Russian 150 60 90 185 83 102

Salar 45 29 16 88 59 29

She 200 121 79 257 170 87

Shui 44 21 23 89 51 38

Tajik 46 15 31 10 7 3

Tatar 9 3 6 14 4 10

Tibetan 2,017 953 1,064 1,881 890 991

Tu 171 102 69 264 135 129

Tujia 3,757 2,327 1,430 5,190 3,185 2,005

Uygur 2,407 1,302 1,105 1,917 1,081 836

Uzbek 1 1 5 5

Va 129 60 69 220 99 121

Xibe 132,615 69,915 62,700 132,431 69,961 62,470

Yao 505 279 226 774 421 353

Yi 2,641 1,169 1,472 1,693 1,088 605

Yugur 1 1 17 8 9

Zhuang 3,576 1,812 1,764 4,285 2,160 2,125



Table A.20 Ningxia’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 5,486,393 2,813,517 2,672,876 6,301,350 3,227,404 3,073,946

Achang 4 1 3

Bai 39 17 22 213 106 107

Baonan 14 10 4 21 12 9

Blang 2 2

Buyi 72 41 31 183 98 85

Dai 11 2 9 44 24 20

Daur 26 10 16 42 17 25

Deang 1 1

Derung 2 1 1

Dong 128 67 61 345 222 123

Dongxiang 2,168 1,191 977 1,261 748 513

Ewenki 4 1 3 7 2 5

Gaoshan 15 10 5 10 8 2

Gelao 9 9 42 31 11

Han 3,590,563 1,850,231 1,740,332 4,086,367 2,103,760 1,982,607

Hani 12 8 4 52 29 23

Hezhe 3 2 1 4 1 3

Hui 1,862,474 947,187 915,287 2,173,820 1,102,835 1,070,985

Jing 5 5

Jingpo 1 1 6 2 4

Jino 2 1 1

Kazak 69 25 44 190 70 120

Kirgiz 5 2 3 12 6 6

Korean 472 227 245 403 207 196

Lahu 13 5 8

Lhoba 1 1

Li 24 13 11 146 69 77

Lisu 1 1 17 8 9

Manchu 21,962 10,723 11,239 24,902 12,287 12,615

Maonan 15 6 9 26 9 17

Miao 407 187 220 1,113 732 381

Monba 2 2






Mulao 2 2 10 4 6

Naxi 7 3 4 17 8 9

Nu 7 3 4

Oroqen 9 7 2 6 4 2

Pumi 6 3 3

Qiang 28 20 8 89 53 36

Russian 21 9 12 18 6 12

Salar 38 18 20 72 38 34

She 88 60 28 122 76 46

Shui 3 3 35 15 20

Tajik 1 1

Tatar 2 1 1 2 2

Tibetan 506 255 251 656 316 340

Tu 191 95 96 326 176 150

Tujia 758 362 396 1,441 847 594

Uygur 312 165 147 613 272 341

Uzbek 2 1 1 3 2 1

Va 26 14 12

Xibe 216 94 122 184 88 96

Yao 63 38 25 197 108 89

Yi 137 57 80 530 359 171

Yugur 43 23 20 48 24 24

Zhuang 575 283 292 977 495 482



Table A.21 Qinghai’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 4,822,963 2,489,590 2,333,373 5,626,723 2,913,793 2,712,930

Achang 1 1 1 1

Bai 242 149 93 320 174 146

Baonan 635 337 298 904 477 427

Blang 22 6 16 2 2

Buyi 170 86 84 251 185 66

Dai 4 2 2 31 13 18

Daur 47 17 30 26 15 11

Deang 9 5 4 1 1

Derung 6 3 3 4 3 1

Dong 148 98 50 161 123 38

Dongxiang 2,498 1,564 934 6,331 3,976 2,355

Ewenki 12 4 8 5 2 3

Gaoshan 22 9 13 20 8 12

Gelao 17 7 10 69 59 10

Han 2,606,050 1,364,527 1,241,523 2,983,521 1,574,280 1,409,241

Hani 3 1 2 17 8 9

Hezhe 15 7 8 11 9 2

Hui 753,378 388,789 364,589 834,298 423,527 410,771

Jing 10 6 4

Jingpo 5 3 2

Jino 3 1 2 1 1

Kazak 407 213 194 680 332 348

Kirgiz 8 3 5 4 1 3

Korean 453 230 223 312 152 160

Lahu 7 5 2 8 4 4

Lhoba 5 3 2

Li 9 4 5 139 67 72

Lisu 58 39 19 21 13 8

Manchu 7,788 4,008 3,780 8,029 4,172 3,857

Maonan 23 11 12 8 6 2

Miao 436 209 227 911 576 335

Monba 11 6 5 4 1 3

Mongol 86,301 43,562 42,739 99,815 50,744 49,071

(continued)





Mulao 23 7 16 15 7 8

Naxi 17 8 9 32 16 16

Nu 4 4 5 4 1

Oroqen 1 1 2 1 1

Pumi 12 6 6 3 3

Qiang 86 50 36 104 61 43

Russian 48 26 22 38 19 19

Salar 87,043 44,393 42,650 107,089 53,669 53,420

She 20 8 12 53 32 21

Shui 20 9 11 30 16 14

Tajik 15 7 8 3 1 2

Tatar 12 7 5 2 2

Tibetan 1,086,592 543,708 542,884 1,375,059 693,995 681,064

Tu 187,562 96,038 91,524 204,412 104,572 99,840

Tujia 978 534 444 1,537 969 568

Uygur 431 216 215 209 124 85

Uzbek 1 1 2 1 1

Va 6 2 4 20 10 10

Xibe 142 77 65 128 52 76

Yao 105 55 50 209 115 94

Yi 274 133 141 683 550 133

Yugur 140 72 68 163 78 85

Zhuang 618 308 310 980 543 437



Table A.22 Shaanxi’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 35,365,072 18,378,759 16,986,313 37,327,379 19,287,575 18,039,804

Achang 4 4 2 1 1

Bai 338 193 145 486 276 210

Baonan 1 1 4 2 2

Blang 2 1 1 6 2 4

Buyi 450 267 183 727 371 356

Dai 68 44 24 117 31 86

Daur 75 28 47 93 42 51

Deang 1 1

Derung 9 5 4

Dong 509 310 199 731 413 318

Dongxiang 26 15 11 116 71 45

Ewenki 11 7 4 24 14 10

Gaoshan 27 14 13 15 7 8

Gelao 44 29 15 205 122 83

Han 35,188,651 18,289,425 16,899,226 37,137,743 19,191,534 17,946,209

Hani 40 17 23 99 42 57

Hezhe 4 4

Hui 139,232 70,003 69,229 138,716 69,739 68,977

Jing 9 7 2 28 11 17

Jingpo 19 16 3 22 7 15

Jino 1 1 9 3 6

Kazak 122 61 61 794 407 387

Kirgiz 19 11 8 23 6 17

Korean 1,620 820 800 1,129 534 595

Lahu 44 1 43 35 14 21

Lhoba 4 1 3 7 1 6

Li 161 88 73 441 199 242

Lisu 16 12 4 32 15 17

Manchu 15,801 7,930 7,871 16,291 8,442 7,849

Maonan 16 8 8 19 8 11

Miao 1,388 798 590 2,787 1,659 1,128

Monba 9 3 6 18 9 9

Mongol 6,060 2,913 3,147 6,976 3,509 3,467

(continued)





Mulao 27 14 13 44 18 26

Naxi 69 34 35 101 48 53

Nu 1 1 31 13 18

Oroqen 6 1 5 8 3 5

Pumi 4 4 4 2 2

Qiang 54 27 27 182 80 102

Russian 69 28 41 73 35 38

Salar 22 15 7 156 95 61

She 104 66 38 212 132 80

Shui 17 10 7 83 50 33

Tajik 7 3 4 3 2 1

Tatar 1 1 1 1

Tibetan 3,048 1,407 1,641 6,345 2,827 3,518

Tu 290 180 110 499 265 234

Tujia 1,721 1,113 608 3,876 2,362 1,514

Uygur 1,187 661 526 1,570 725 845

Uzbek 6 5 1 7 2 5

Va 44 22 22 160 86 74

Xibe 446 237 209 416 219 197

Yao 273 179 94 605 313 292

Yi 854 472 382 1,644 988 656

Yugur 23 8 15 29 12 17

Zhuang 1,987 1,220 767 3,555 1,765 1,790



Table A.23 Shandong’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 89,971,789 45,542,060 44,429,729 95,792,719 48,446,944 47,345,775

Achang 92 2 90 99 15 84

Bai 2,405 220 2,185 1,247 411 836

Baonan 3 3 7 3 4

Blang 279 13 266 317 99 218

Buyi 2,426 860 1,566 1,839 757 1,082

Dai 1,797 98 1,699 2,468 426 2,042

Daur 541 224 317 960 432 528

Deang 18 18 50 10 40

Derung 100 30 70 30 5 25

Dong 1,245 508 737 867 453 414

Dongxiang 28 10 18 126 77 49

Ewenki 107 34 73 220 95 125

Gaoshan 86 32 54 66 30 36

Gelao 97 52 45 597 364 233

Han 89,339,046 45,245,932 44,093,114 95,066,830 48,090,616 46,976,214

Hani 3,041 103 2,938 3,023 345 2,678

Hezhe 33 11 22 68 35 33

Hui 497,597 248,501 249,096 535,679 269,871 265,808

Jing 7 7 80 35 45

Jingpo 343 8 335 608 59 549

Jino 17 4 13 17 7 10

Kazak 49 22 27 1,116 459 657

Kirgiz 16 6 10 90 35 55

Korean 27,795 13,032 14,763 61,556 31,229 30,327

Lahu 1,403 69 1,334 1,880 237 1,643

Lhoba 7 3 4 2 1 1

Li 297 55 242 1,202 466 736

Lisu 1,919 91 1,828 1,841 208 1,633

Manchu 33,527 15,658 17,869 46,521 23,274 23,247

Maonan 35 9 26 50 25 25

Miao 6,949 1,813 5,136 8,414 3,586 4,828

Monba 5 5 20 10 10

Mongol 23,743 7,104 16,639 17,669 8,448 9,221

(continued)





Mulao 130 34 96 126 46 80

Naxi 249 24 225 256 69 187

Nu 97 10 87 373 161 212

Oroqen 60 28 32 98 33 65

Pumi 81 5 76 55 10 45

Qiang 41 13 28 243 121 122

Russian 68 24 44 128 58 70

Salar 21 8 13 609 354 255

She 330 210 120 363 226 137

Shui 95 20 75 191 85 106

Tajik 81 40 41 32 17 15

Tatar 9 4 5 11 4 7

Tibetan 2,733 1,045 1,688 2,146 875 1,271

Tu 304 80 224 651 270 381

Tujia 2,719 1,262 1,457 5,730 3,188 2,542

Uygur 2,386 1,294 1,092 4,635 1,551 3,084

Uzbek 4 1 3 13 6 7

Va 4,693 269 4,424 5,619 1,315 4,304

Xibe 356 158 198 661 291 370

Yao 468 109 359 878 353 525

Yi 6,208 1,366 4,842 8,298 3,422 4,876

Yugur 7 7 76 33 43

Zhuang 5,444 1,520 3,924 5,822 2,273 3,549



Table A.24 Shanghai’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses

Ethnicgroup

2000 2010


Total 16,303,862 8,379,320 7,924,542 23,019,196 11,854,916 11,164,280

Achang 5 2 3 51 28 23

Bai 5,296 2,942 2,354 3,893 1,979 1,914

Baonan 6 3 3 16 11 5

Blang 15 9 6 133 80 53

Buyi 5,120 2,369 2,751 5,840 3,043 2,797

Dai 99 49 50 1,289 540 749

Daur 89 36 53 449 186 263

Deang 1 1 15 10 5

Derung 18 6 12 8 5 3

Dong 798 410 388 7,787 4,156 3,631

Dongxiang 77 44 33 362 282 80

Ewenki 63 30 33

Gaoshan 38 8 30 81 36 45

Gelao 212 97 115 2,684 1,496 1,188

Han 6,468 2,654 3,814 22,743,033 11,716,435 11,026,598

Hani 62 33 29 3,185 1,628 1,557

Hezhe 86 40 46 40 20 20

Hui 1,642 707 935 78,163 39,480 38,683

Jing 5 2 3 45 20 25

Jingpo 5 1 4 142 68 74

Jino 23 6 17

Kazak 246 73 173 639 274 365

Kirgiz 226 127 99 58 25 33

Korean 9,087 4,502 4,585 22,257 10,292 11,965

Lahu 103 48 55 500 232 268

Lhoba 7 2 5 4 2 2

Li 27 9 18 1,725 676 1,049

Lisu 87 52 35 580 318 262

Manchu 1,970 1,011 959 25,165 11,892 13,273

Maonan 215 123 92 160 66 94

Miao 1,443 634 809 31,351 16,418 14,933

Monba 4 2 2 3 3




Ethnicgroup

2000 2010


Mulao 54 23 31 441 180 261

Naxi 4 2 2 287 125 162

Nu 5 2 3 65 28 37

Oroqen 14 6 8 55 23 32

Pumi 24 11 13 38 14 24

Qiang 10 6 4 505 246 259

Russian 41 10 31 209 78 131

Salar 14 1 13 941 603 338

She 52 28 24 3,020 1,538 1,482

Shui 20 17 3 745 375 370

Tajik 3 2 1 14 8 6

Tatar 19 11 8 12 4 8

Tibetan 1,701 1,052 649 2,406 1,031 1,375

Tu 172 78 94 1,009 545 464

Tujia 381 124 257 33,584 17,648 15,936

Uygur 4,808 2,566 2,242 5,254 2,725 2,529

Uzbek 76 31 45 14 4 10

Va 859 450 409 1,353 807 546

Xibe 696 315 381

Yao 506 244 262 3,627 1,892 1,735

Yi 2,923 1,138 1,785 7,113 3,497 3,616

Yugur 6 3 3 15 10 5

Zhuang 976 517 459 16,219 7,894 8,325



Table A.25 Shanxi’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 32,471,242 16,800,758 15,670,484 35,712,101 18,338,760 17,373,341

Achang 2 2 4 4

Bai 353 120 233 183 96 87

Baonan 2 2

Blang 6 2 4 22 7 15

Buyi 912 375 537 373 134 239

Dai 68 15 53 187 58 129

Daur 92 39 53 85 43 42

Deang 2 2 6 3 3

Derung 127 67 60 1 1

Dong 632 318 314 280 194 86

Dongxiang 9 5 4 30 21 9

Ewenki 24 8 16 26 11 15

Gaoshan 7 3 4 9 4 5

Gelao 55 33 22 121 78 43

Han 32,368,083 16,751,349 15,616,734 35,618,454 18,290,925 17,327,529

Hani 55 10 45 214 34 180

Hezhe 2 2 12 4 8

Hui 61,690 31,152 30,538 59,709 30,210 29,499

Jing 4 1 3 29 13 16

Jingpo 52 1 51 108 9 99

Jino 4 1 3 1 1

Kazak 23 7 16 277 144 133

Kirgiz 1 1 6 2 4

Korean 1,813 867 946 663 316 347

Lahu 35 7 28 136 14 122

Lhoba 2 2

Li 92 47 45 521 266 255

Lisu 101 9 92 159 23 136

Manchu 13,665 7,198 6,467 11,741 6,314 5,427

Maonan 8 8 21 16 5

Miao 2,805 1,160 1,645 2,205 1,124 1,081

Monba 8 8 3 2 1

Mongol 9,446 3,399 6,047 5,070 2,707 2,363

(continued)





Mulao 35 9 26 28 12 16

Naxi 57 17 40 42 17 25

Nu 9 2 7 88 40 48

Oroqen 1 1 3 2 1

Pumi 11 2 9 3 1 2

Qiang 159 109 50 286 214 72

Russian 8 1 7 5 2 3

Salar 8 4 4 43 26 17

She 251 156 95 171 117 54

Shui 20 2 18 30 15 15

Tajik 94 42 52 1 1

Tatar 1 1

Tibetan 1,544 678 866 1,047 494 553

Tu 236 116 120 200 98 102

Tujia 2,362 1,301 1,061 2,936 1,858 1,078

Uygur 1,084 566 518 670 414 256

Uzbek 3 1 2 3 1 2

Va 120 43 77 427 117 310

Xibe 152 79 73 158 93 65

Yao 202 88 114 325 164 161

Yi 2,473 775 1,698 2,867 1,426 1,441

Yugur 8 3 5 7 3 4

Zhuang 2,084 534 1,550 2,007 830 1,177



Table A.26 Sichuan’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 82,348,296 42,561,620 39,786,676 80,417,528 40,827,834 39,589,694

Achang 26 11 15 54 17 37

Bai 7,335 3,441 3,894 9,449 4,683 4,766

Baonan 16 8 8 43 33 10

Blang 138 22 116 164 46 118

Buyi 8,215 4,063 4,152 8,756 4,292 4,464

Dai 6,642 2,956 3,686 7,652 3,380 4,272

Daur 73 38 35 124 57 67

Deang 11 1 10 24 8 16

Derung 51 22 29 47 20 27

Dong 1,940 959 981 2,376 1,142 1,234

Dongxiang 60 40 20 191 135 56

Ewenki 18 10 8 30 15 15

Gaoshan 101 47 54 100 42 58

Gelao 520 273 247 1,235 630 605

Han 78,229,697 40,472,128 37,757,569 75,509,724 38,343,974 37,165,750

Hani 1,104 290 814 1,566 469 1,097

Hezhe 14 5 9 84 38 46

Hui 109,960 55,504 54,456 104,544 52,797 51,747

Jing 38 20 18 264 126 138

Jingpo 79 10 69 173 51 122

Jino 48 4 44 54 12 42

Kazak 94 45 49 1,882 927 955

Kirgiz 14 5 9 74 41 33

Korean 3,137 1,555 1,582 1,548 787 761

Lahu 512 59 453 521 104 417

Lhoba 5 1 4 8 2 6

Li 316 111 205 1,688 744 944

Lisu 18,674 9,294 9,380 21,082 10,381 10,701

Manchu 13,849 7,064 6,785 15,920 8,355 7,565

Maonan 36 15 21 88 43 45

Miao 147,526 77,078 70,448 164,642 84,997 79,645

Monba 113 40 73 26 7 19

Mongol 42,316 19,719 22,597 36,646 18,350 18,296

(continued)





Mulao 116 64 52 225 110 115

Naxi 8,725 4,448 4,277 10,149 5,098 5,051

Nu 57 19 38 312 113 199

Oroqen 8 4 4 18 9 9

Pumi 166 61 105 137 55 82

Qiang 300,757 153,012 147,745 296,931 149,730 147,201

Russian 48 21 27 57 27 30

Salar 108 68 40 223 122 101

She 232 154 78 447 265 182

Shui 257 121 136 1,178 537 641

Tajik 58 31 27 23 4 19

Tatar 7 4 3 15 6 9

Tibetan 1,269,120 631,389 637,731 1,496,524 747,138 749,386

Tu 646 350 296 1,333 639 694

Tujia 41,246 22,358 18,888 59,231 31,106 28,125

Uygur 2,158 1,076 1,082 1,945 994 951

Uzbek 3 3 17 8 9

Va 1,475 170 1,305 1,334 343 991

Xibe 216 96 120 381 187 194

Yao 742 362 380 1,795 770 1,025

Yi 2,122,389 1,089,245 1,033,144 2,643,953 1,348,832 1,295,121

Yugur 4 1 3 48 26 22

Zhuang 6,905 3,671 3,234 10,050 4,781 5,269



Table A.27 Tianjin’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 9,848,731 5,016,375 4,832,356 12,938,693 6,907,091 6,031,602

Achang 9 7 2

Bai 184 94 90 686 374 312

Baonan 1 1 10 8 2

Blang 8 5 3 21 18 3

Buyi 507 217 290 839 437 402

Dai 24 8 16 184 100 84

Daur 353 157 196 629 300 329

Deang

Derung 16 7 9 3 2 1

Dong 521 214 307 912 454 458

Dongxiang 51 29 22 121 95 26

Ewenki 84 35 49 130 59 71

Gaoshan 34 14 20 29 15 14

Gelao 63 36 27 374 260 114

Han 9,581,775 4,885,974 4,695,801 12,607,276 6,739,522 5,867,754

Hani 20 7 13 190 81 109

Hezhe 9 4 5 28 16 12

Hui 172,357 84,999 87,358 177,734 88,336 89,398

Jing 1 1 32 14 18

Jingpo 6 4 2 29 14 15

Jino 4 4 7 1 6

Kazak 34 19 15 476 212 264

Kirgiz 13 6 7 41 17 24

Korean 11,041 5,030 6,011 18,247 9,303 8,944

Lahu 7 2 5 44 27 17

Lhoba 4 2 2

Li 54 25 29 564 304 260

Lisu 10 8 2 63 33 30

Manchu 56,548 28,548 28,000 83,624 43,293 40,331

Maonan 40 7 33 49 14 35

Miao 1,582 767 815 3,751 2,354 1,397

Monba 8 6 2






Mulao 47 20 27 116 59 57

Naxi 29 16 13 81 45 36

Nu 3 3 41 25 16

Oroqen 10 4 6 38 16 22

Pumi 1 1 16 15 1

Qiang 20 10 10 180 114 66

Russian 60 22 38 119 52 67

Salar 32 25 7 122 85 37

She 78 47 31 263 147 116

Shui 36 15 21 291 166 125

Tajik 30 15 15 11 9 2

Tatar 12 5 7 4 2 2

Tibetan 1,271 600 671 1,775 911 864

Tu 159 86 73 350 199 151

Tujia 3,677 2,097 1,580 7,052 4,059 2,993

Uygur 974 618 356 2,170 970 1,200

Uzbek 7 3 4 19 8 11

Va 42 21 21 209 133 76

Xibe 343 169 174 536 282 254

Yao 345 135 210 785 408 377

Yi 780 357 423 1,825 1,217 608

Yugur 39 20 19

Zhuang 4,055 1,256 2,799 6,123 2,608 3,515



Table A.28 Tibet’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 2,616,329 1,325,371 1,290,958 3,002,165 1,542,652 1,459,513

Achang

Bai 722 505 217 395 247 148

Baonan 24 22 2 15 11 4

Blang 16 7 9 4 1 3

Buyi 437 192 245 81 61 20

Dai 14 10 4 35 17 18

Daur 3 2 1 5 3 2

Deang 1 1

Derung 6 3 3 37 19 18

Dong 66 34 32 179 100 79

Dongxiang 111 91 20 757 523 234

Ewenki

Gaoshan 2 1 1

Gelao 32 25 7 27 15 12

Han 158,570 98,589 59,981 245,263 151,158 94,105

Hani 24 19 5 23 16 7

Hezhe 1 1

Hui 9,031 6,683 2,348 12,630 8,263 4,367

Jing 5 2 3

Jingpo

Jino 1 1

Kazak 8 7 1 2,143 1,182 961

Kirgiz 2,678 1,338 1,340

Korean 51 22 29 26 18 8

Lahu 19 13 6 4 3 1

Lhoba 2,691 1,353 1,338 3,489 1,696 1,793

Li 3 1 2 26 16 10

Lisu 17 9 8 25 10 15

Manchu 153 88 65 718 391 327

Maonan 1 1

Miao 389 246 143 416 292 124

Monba 8,481 4,255 4,226 9,663 4,876 4,787

Mongol 690 341 349 307 187 120(continued)





Mulao 5 5 2 2

Naxi 1,223 603 620 1,133 557 576

Nu 408 209 199 492 242 250

Oroqen

Pumi 15 10 5 16 11 5

Qiang 20 15 5 94 59 35

Russian 20 9 11 3 1 2

Salar 228 157 71 255 163 92

She 6 2 4 8 8

Shui 14 8 6

Tajik 4 4

Tatar

Tibetan 2,427,168 1,208,765 1,218,403 2,716,388 1,368,355 1,348,033

Tu 335 212 123 1,068 634 434

Tujia 303 215 88 451 321 130

Uygur 701 394 307 205 138 67

Uzbek 1 1 4 2 2

Va 7 4 3 43 30 13

Xibe 6 3 3

Yao 26 20 6 137 85 52

Yi 287 199 88 396 293 103

Yugur 3 3 4 2 2

Zhuang 192 106 86 173 128 45



Table A.29 Xinjiang’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses

Ethnicgroup

2000 2010


Total 18,459,511 9,552,181 8,907,330 21,815,815 11,270,147 10,545,668

Achang 2 1 1 5 3 2

Bai 409 216 193 407 216 191

Baonan 571 311 260 568 342 226

Blang 9 3 6 23 11 12

Buyi 977 555 422 797 516 281

Dai 59 23 36 121 42 79

Daur 5,541 2,813 2,728 5,536 2,851 2,685

Deang 14 9 5 3 1 2

Derung 51 26 25 11 5 6

Dong 946 560 386 753 501 252

Dongxiang 55,841 29,153 26,688 61,613 32,781 28,832

Ewenki 72 37 35 26 11 15

Gaoshan 41 18 23 44 15 29

Gelao 110 70 40 260 166 94

Han 7,489,919 3,972,142 3,517,777 8,829,994 4,674,383 4,155,611

Hani 62 25 37 190 79 111

Hezhe 22 6 16 33 20 13

Hui 839,837 431,196 408,641 983,015 506,076 476,939

Jing 12 4 8 69 40 29

Jingpo 27 15 12 33 13 20

Jino 3 3

Kazak 1,245,023 631,268 613,755 1,418,278 725,515 692,763

Kirgiz 158,775 80,687 78,088 180,472 91,506 88,966

Korean 1,463 745 718 1,128 558 570

Lahu 28 13 15 73 41 32

Lhoba 33 20 13 4 2 2

Li 115 64 51 418 233 185

Lisu 34 13 21 104 53 51

Manchu 19,493 9,910 9,583 18,707 9,786 8,921

Maonan 9 3 6 28 21 7

Miao 7,006 3,749 3,257 7,626 4,288 3,338

Monba 11 7 4 4 1 3




Ethnicgroup

2000 2010


Mulao 29 19 10 77 50 27

Naxi 73 34 39 89 43 46

Nu 18 8 10 58 31 27

Oroqen 14 9 5 12 8 4

Pumi 10 6 4 12 5 7

Qiang 284 162 122 317 162 155

Russian 8,935 4,206 4,729 8,489 4,067 4,422

Salar 3,762 1,965 1,797 3,728 1,998 1,730

She 166 91 75 167 105 62

Shui 301 153 148 90 68 22

Tajik 39,493 20,170 19,323 47,261 24,000 23,261

Tatar 4,501 2,360 2,141 3,242 1,757 1,485

Tibetan 6,153 3,124 3,029 8,316 4,346 3,970

Tu 2,837 1,525 1,312 3,455 1,777 1,678

Tujia 15,787 8,495 7,292 17,850 9,811 8,039

Uygur 8,345,622 4,243,646 4,101,976 10,001,302 5,064,182 4,937,120

Uzbek 12,096 6,371 5,725 10,114 5,444 4,670

Va 68 32 36 142 60 82

Xibe 34,566 17,416 17,150 34,399 17,416 16,983

Yao 723 369 354 942 534 408

Yi 1,593 892 701 2,954 1,756 1,198

Yugur 302 153 149 391 198 193

Zhuang 5,642 2,780 2,862 5,646 3,113 2,533



Table A.30 Yunnan’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 42,360,089 22,194,343 20,165,746 45,966,766 23,856,696 22,110,070

Achang 33,519 17,083 16,436 38,059 19,017 19,042

Bai 1,505,644 763,316 742,328 1,564,901 786,370 778,531

Baonan 7 5 2 49 36 13

Blang 90,388 47,279 43,109 116,573 60,117 56,456

Buyi 54,695 29,667 25,028 58,790 31,341 27,449

Dai 1,142,139 573,780 568,359 1,222,836 609,021 613,815

Daur 152 84 68 294 135 159

Deang 17,804 8,994 8,810 20,186 9,889 10,297

Derung 5,884 2,934 2,950 6,353 3,096 3,257

Dong 3,498 2,169 1,329 4,389 2,505 1,884

Dongxiang 179 135 44 181 123 58

Ewenki 16 7 9 23 10 13

Gaoshan 91 48 43 131 66 65

Gelao 2,835 1,637 1,198 3,461 2,018 1,443

Han 28,201,274 14,894,380 13,306,894 30,617,580 16,017,198 14,600,382

Hani 1,424,990 749,084 675,906 1,629,508 851,064 778,444

Hezhe 13 7 6 42 24 18

Hui 643,238 326,023 317,215 698,265 351,169 347,096

Jing 508 196 312 878 351 527

Jingpo 130,212 64,712 65,500 142,956 69,718 73,238

Jino 20,685 10,549 10,136 22,759 11,611 11,148

Kazak 199 91 108 896 456 440

Kirgiz 42 26 16 34 18 16

Korean 1,693 884 809 1,343 698 645

Lahu 447,631 233,563 214,068 475,011 244,774 230,237

Lhoba 5 4 1 7 5 2

Li 1,426 759 667 3,231 1,622 1,609

Lisu 609,768 316,149 293,619 668,336 340,729 327,607

Manchu 12,187 6,537 5,650 13,490 7,161 6,329

Maonan 99 57 42 154 93 61

Miao 1,043,535 547,298 496,237 1,202,705 621,721 580,984

Monba 7 2 5 18 3 15

Mongol 28,110 14,549 13,561 22,624 12,104 10,520

(continued)





Mulao 244 150 94 304 164 140

Naxi 295,464 148,805 146,659 309,858 154,835 155,023

Nu 27,738 14,467 13,271 31,821 16,240 15,581

Oroqen 6 4 2 11 3 8

Pumi 32,923 16,838 16,085 42,043 21,055 20,988

Qiang 506 380 126 552 323 229

Russian 32 10 22 26 8 18

Salar 55 28 27 265 150 115

She 499 290 209 848 552 296

Shui 12,533 6,742 5,791 8,834 4,789 4,045

Tajik 17 10 7 7 3 4

Tatar 12 8 4 10 6 4

Tibetan 128,432 64,352 64,080 142,257 71,239 71,018

Tu 3,157 1,712 1,445 5,632 2,988 2,644

Tujia 3,907 2,498 1,409 5,963 3,694 2,269

Uygur 1,161 815 346 1,282 773 509

Uzbek 6 2 4 11 6 5

Va 383,023 199,783 183,240 400,814 204,648 196,166

Xibe 130 65 65 158 69 89

Yao 190,610 100,176 90,434 219,914 113,812 106,102

Yi 4,705,658 2,423,233 2,282,425 5,041,210 2,576,570 2,464,640

Yugur 10 7 3 8 4 4

Zhuang 1,144,021 598,142 545,879 1,215,260 628,603 586,657



Table A.31 Zhejiang’s populations reported by the 2000 and 2010 national population censuses



Total 45,930,651 23,581,512 22,349,139 54,426,891 27,965,641 26,461,250

Achang 25 5 20 93 44 49

Bai 2,659 920 1,739 11,685 5,981 5,704

Baonan 17 10 7

Blang 74 4 70 300 107 193

Buyi 21,457 9,726 11,731 125,838 67,119 58,719

Dai 540 77 463 5,973 2,883 3,090

Daur 69 21 48 204 93 111

Deang 43 20 23

Derung 14 4 10 26 7 19

Dong 17,906 9,524 8,382 88,106 48,560 39,546

Dongxiang 55 28 27 322 202 120

Ewenki 21 8 13 40 17 23

Gaoshan 79 44 35 88 50 38

Gelao 2,179 1,269 910 17,785 9,777 8,008

Han 45,535,266 23,383,689 22,151,577 53,212,194 27,320,326 25,891,868

Hani 883 94 789 4,300 1,754 2,546

Hezhe 17 5 12 48 20 28

Hui 19,609 10,500 9,109 38,192 20,732 17,460

Jing 51 20 31 148 87 61

Jingpo 43 5 38 444 183 261

Jino 5 1 4 21 8 13

Kazak 19 6 13 695 311 384

Kirgiz 37 17 20 279 178 101

Korean 1,767 881 886 6,496 3,288 3,208

Lahu 306 17 289 1,661 431 1,230

Lhoba 4 2 2 1 1

Li 1,640 780 860 9,391 4,759 4,632

Lisu 454 17 437 1,514 598 916

Manchu 5,089 2,447 2,642 11,271 5,705 5,566

Maonan 178 60 118 1,199 639 560

Miao 53,418 26,882 26,536 309,064 167,566 141,498

Monba 8 3 5 21 9 12

Mongol 3,604 1,368 2,236 6,872 3,452 3,420

(continued)





Mulao 786 380 406 2,792 1,432 1,360

Naxi 553 63 490 634 161 473

Nu 75 17 58 109 40 69

Oroqen 2 2 21 9 12

Pumi 20 3 17 47 21 26

Qiang 168 77 91 1,482 797 685

Russian 21 5 16 40 16 24

Salar 45 24 21 424 253 171

She 170,993 88,990 82,003 166,276 85,601 80,675

Shui 1,421 459 962 11,815 6,181 5,634

Tajik 7 3 4 3,368 1,880 1,488

Tatar 3 1 2 9 9

Tibetan 1,084 456 628 2,850 1,274 1,576

Tu 941 480 461 4,709 2,539 2,170

Tujia 55,310 31,194 24,116 227,012 123,951 103,061

Uygur 785 537 248 5,377 2,460 2,917

Uzbek 8 6 2 86 45 41

Va 274 44 230 2,987 1,368 1,619

Xibe 71 26 45 200 105 95

Yao 1,928 808 1,120 10,710 5,688 5,022

Yi 6,344 2,427 3,917 49,243 26,212 23,031

Yugur 2 1 1 14 7 7

Zhuang 18,998 5,263 13,735 72,820 35,324 37,496



Appendix BAdministrative and DemographicStatistics of Ethnic Minority AutonomousAreas


413

Pro

vinc

eN

umbe

rof

regi

ons

atpr

efec

ture

leve

l(u

nit)

Cit

ies

atpr

efec

ture

leve

l

Aut

onom

ous

pref

ectu

reN

umbe

rof re

gion

sat

coun

tyle

vel

(uni

t)

Cit

ies

at coun

tyle

vel

Aut

onom

ous

coun

ties

orba

nner

s(Q

i)

Tot

alpo

pula

tion

inm

inor

ity

area

s(t

hous

and

pers

ons)

Eth

nic

min

orit

ypo

pula

tion

Eth

nic

min

orit

ypo

pula

tion

aspe

rcen

tage

toto

tal

popu

lati

onin

min

orit

yar

eas

(%)

Nat

iona

lto

tal

7731

3069

865

120

186,

531.

689

,238

.647

.8

Cho

ngqi

ng4

42,

720.

01,

924.

570

.8

Gan

su2

221

27

3,47

6.8

2,05

9.7

59.2

Gua

ngdo

ng3

350

3.0

185.

436

.9

Gua

ngxi

1414

109

712

51,9

90.0

19,7

30.0

38.0

Gui

zhou

33

464

1117

,394

.110

,463

.360

.2

Hai

nan

66

1,79

5.8

909.

850

.7

Heb

ei6

62,

056.

81,

219.

059

.3

Hei

long

jian

g1

125

2.1

52.5

20.8

Hub

ei1

110

22

4,62

4.2

2,57

3.3

55.7

Hun

an1

115

17

5,16

9.1

3,99

0.3

77.2

Inne

rM

ongo

lia

129

101

113

24,8

17.1

5,54

3.5

22.3

Jili

n1

111

63

3,35

0.7

1,14

4.7

34.2

Lia

onin

g8

83,

333.

51,

786.

753

.6

Nin

gxia

55

212

6,39

4.5

2,33

2.1

36.5

Qin

ghai

66

352

73,

623.

82,

355.

765

.0

(continued)

414 Appendix B: Administrative and Demographic Statistics…

Pro

vinc

eN

umbe

rof

regi

ons

atpr

efec

ture

leve

l(u

nit)

Cit

ies

atpr

efec

ture

leve

l

Aut

onom

ous

pref

ectu

reN

umbe

rof

regi

ons

atco

unty

leve

l(u

nit)

Cit

ies

at coun

tyle

vel

Aut

onom

ous

coun

ties

orba

nner

s(Q

i)

Tot

alpo

pula

tion

inm

inor

ity

area

s(t

hous

and

pers

ons)

Eth

nic

min

orit

ypo

pula

tion

Eth

nic

min

orit

ypo

pula

tion

aspe

rcen

tage

toto

tal

popu

lati

onin

min

orit

yar

eas

(%)

Sic

huan

33

511

47,

466.

84,

491.

960

.2

Tib

et7

173

13,

030.

02,

870.

094

.7

Xin

jian

g14

25

9819

622

,087

.112

,985

.858

.8

Yun

nan

88

787

2922

,272

.912

,601

.556

.6

Zhe

jian

g1

117

3.2

19.1

11.0

Not

eE

thni

cm

inor

ity

auto

nom

ous

area

sre

fer

toth

ear

eas

of5

ethn

icm

inor

ity

auto

nom

ous

regi

ons,

30et

hnic

min

orit

yau

tono

mou

spr

efec

ture

san

d12

0et

hnic

min

orit

yau

tono

mou

sco

unti

es

(continued)

Appendix B: Administrative and Demographic Statistics… 415

Appendix CPrincipal Indicators on Economicand Social Development in EthnicMinority Autonomous Areas


417

Item

Agg

rega

teda

taA

vera

gean

nual

grow

thra

te(%

)

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2011

1991

–201

119

96–2

011

2001

–201

1

Pop

ulat

ion

atye

ar-e

nd(t

hous

and

pers

ons)

152,

960

160,

440

168,

180

174,

990

185,

310

186,

530

0.9

0.9

0.9

Eth

nic

min

orit

ypo

pula

tion

(tho

usan

dpe

rson

s)68

,800

72,3

2077

,670

82,3

9088

,140

89,2

401.

21.

31.

3

Per

sons

empl

oyed

inva

riou

sun

its

(tho

usan

dpe

rson

s)15

,430

16,7

2017

,330

12,0

2012

,970

13,8

40–0

.5–1

.2–2

.0

Gro

ssdo

mes

tic

prod

uct

(bil

lion

yuan

)49

074

91,

571

3,89

94,

830

11.8

13.1

Pri

mar

yin

dust

ry16

320

233

062

072

45.

75.

7

Sec

onda

ryin

dust

ry17

528

364

21,

881

2,38

915

.217

.2

Ter

tiar

yin

dust

ry15

326

359

91,

398

1,67

911

.612

.3

Per

capi

tagr

oss

dom

esti

cpr

oduc

t(y

uan)

3,05

54,

451

8,99

122

,060

27,5

1914

.718

.0

Tot

alin

vest

men

tin

fixe

das

sets

(bil

lion

yuan

)14

424

883

62,

988

3,53

822

.127

.3

Of

whi

ch,

stat

e-ow

ned

unit

s(b

illi

onyu

an)

2698

155

377

1,20

51,

243

20.2

17.2

20.8

Rev

enue

oflo

cal

gove

rnm

ents

(bil

lion

yuan

)17

2548

103

326

429

16.7

19.5

22.1

Exp

endi

ture

oflo

cal

gove

rnm

ents

(bil

lion

yuan

)30

6011

730

51,

051

1,35

919

.821

.624

.9

Of

whi

ch,

cult

ivat

edar

ea(t

hous

and

hect

ares

)17

,630

15,0

8020

,860

20,3

3023

,800

24,5

101.

63.

11.

5

(continued)

418 Appendix C: Principal Indicators on Economic…

Item

Agg

rega

teda

taA

vera

gean

nual

grow

thra

te(%

)

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2011

1991

–201

119

96–2

011

2001

–201

1

Irri

gate

dar

eas

(tho

usan

dhe

ctar

es)

7,64

08,

380

9,36

010

,270

11,5

6012

,170

2.2

2.4

2.4

Gro

ssou

tput

valu

eof

agri

cult

ure,

fore

stry

,an

imal

husb

andr

y,an

dfi

sher

y(m

illi

onyu

an)

25,3

7032

,000

53,4

9010

3,74

012

1,40

06.

46.

36.

6

Gra

inou

tput

(tho

usan

dto

ns)

537

580

638

719

831

869

2.3

2.6

2.8

Cot

ton

outp

ut(t

hous

and

tons

)47

095

01,

460

1,88

02,

480

2,90

09.

17.

36.

4

Out

put

ofoi

l-be

arin

gcr

ops

(tho

usan

dto

ns)

2,08

02,

640

3,53

03,

720

4,22

04,

480

3.7

3.4

2.2

Num

ber

ofla

rge

dom

esti

can

imal

s(y

ear-

end)

(tho

usan

dhe

ads)

52,8

6056

,180

55,6

6061

,530

60,6

8057

,660

0.4

0.2

0.3

Num

ber

ofgo

ats

and

shee

p(t

hous

and

head

s)11

3,62

011

9,06

013

0,76

016

3,91

014

8,85

015

0,91

01.

41.

51.

3

Num

ber

ofho

gs(y

ear-

end)

(tho

usan

dhe

ads)

56,6

8072

,400

82,0

1085

,260

81,4

1080

,990

1.7

0.7

–0.1

Gro

ssin

dust

rial

outp

utva

lue

(bil

lion

yuan

)39

21,

065

3,84

75,

098

Out

put

ofcl

oth

(mil

lion

m)

740

690

500

350

360

290

–4.4

–5.3

–5.0

Out

put

ofm

achi

ne-m

ade

pape

ran

dpa

perb

oard

(tho

usan

dto

ns)

940

1,91

01,

750

2,73

03,

850

4,37

07.

65.

38.

7

Out

put

ofre

fine

dsu

gar

(tho

usan

dto

ns)

2,23

02,

400

4,98

06,

780

9,07

09,

350

7.1

8.9

5.9

Out

put

ofco

al(m

illi

onto

ns)

120

170

150

380

1,04

01,

180

11.4

13.0

20.9

(continued)

(continued)

Appendix C: Principal Indicators on Economic… 419

Item

Agg

rega

teda

taA

vera

gean

nual

grow

thra

te(%

)

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2011

1991

–201

119

96–2

011

2001

–201

1

Out

put

ofcr

ude

oil

(tho

usan

dto

ns)

12,6

5016

,100

22,9

2028

,330

30,5

9031

,860

4.5

4.4

3.0

Am

ount

ofel

ectr

icpo

wer

gene

rati

on(b

illi

onkw

h)74

119

171

305

673

813

12.1

12.8

15.2

Out

put

ofcr

ude

stee

l(t

hous

and

tons

)3,

680

7,00

06,

470

18,4

6040

,050

45,3

3012

.712

.419

.4

Out

put

ofpi

gir

on(t

hous

and

tons

)4,

170

5,55

07,

250

20,8

7044

,470

47,9

9012

.314

.418

.7

Out

put

ofce

men

t(t

hous

and

tons

)19

,580

42,9

6057

,030

101,

560

216,

530

276,

460

13.4

12.3

15.4

Out

put

ofti

mbe

r(t

hous

and

cu.m

)17

,610

32,5

7010

,520

1,69

04,

170

3,42

0–7

.5–1

3.1

–9.7

Num

ber

ofem

ploy

edpe

rson

s(t

hous

and

pers

ons)

1,32

01,

420

1,94

01,

900

3.4

Gro

ssou

tput

valu

eof

cons

truc

tion

(bil

lion

yuan

)75

166

520

669

21.9

Flo

orsp

ace

ofbu

ildi

ngs

unde

rco

nstr

ucti

on(t

hous

and

sq.m

)92

,320

159,

640

350,

520

427,

530

15.0

Flo

orsp

ace

ofbu

ildi

ngs

com

plet

ed(t

hous

and

sq.m

)53

,260

80,7

2015

4,18

017

4,83

011

.4

Len

gth

ofra

ilw

ays

inop

erat

ion

(tho

usan

dkm

)13

1714

1721

234.

4

Len

gth

ofhi

ghw

ays

(tho

usan

dkm

)29

033

042

059

091

098

05.

97.

07.

9

Vol

ume

ofpo

stal

and

tele

com

mun

icat

ion

serv

ices

(bil

lion

yuan

)

18

3089

246

116

Tot

alle

ngth

ofpo

stal

rout

esan

dru

ral

deli

very

rout

es(t

hous

and

km)

880

1,07

01,

100

1,10

01,

270

1,39

02.

21.

72.

2

(continued)

(continued)


Item

Agg

rega

teda

taA

vera

gean

nual

grow

thra

te(%

)

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2011

1991

–201

119

96–2

011

2001

–201

1

Tot

alre

tail

sale

sof

cons

umer

good

s(b

illi

onyu

an)

6816

925

748

71,

169

1,37

215

.414

.016

.4

Tot

alva

lue

ofim

port

san

dex

port

s(m

illi

onU

SD

)8,

600

22,2

0053

,300

69,9

0021

.0

Exp

orts

5,00

012

,600

33,1

0042

,600

21.6

Impo

rts

3,60

09,

500

20,2

0027

,300

20.2

Num

ber

ofin

tern

atio

nal

tour

ists

(tho

usan

dpe

rson

-tim

es)

3,48

05,

320

9,39

011

,670

11.6

For

eign

exch

ange

earn

ings

from

inte

rnat

iona

lto

uris

m(m

illi

onU

SD

)80

01,

300

3,00

04,

000

16.3

Dep

osit

sof

nati

onal

bank

ing

syst

em(b

illi

onyu

an)

791

1,63

24,

662

5,30

118

.9

Loa

nsof

nati

onal

bank

ing

syst

em(b

illi

onyu

an)

655

1,13

03,

058

3,68

917

.0

Num

ber

ofst

uden

ts(r

egul

arin

stit

utio

nsof

high

ered

ucat

ion)

(tho

usan

dpe

rson

s)

136

186

342

1,00

01,

619

1,65

912

.614

.715

.4

Num

ber

ofst

uden

ts(r

egul

arse

cond

ary

scho

ols)

(tho

usan

dpe

rson

s)

6,10

06,

320

8,73

010

,820

10,5

0010

,400

2.6

3.2

1.6

Num

ber

ofst

uden

ts(r

egul

arpr

imar

ysc

hool

s)(t

hous

and

pers

ons)

18,5

3018

,890

18,8

6016

,680

15,3

6014

,840

–1.1

–1.5

–2.2

(continued)

(continued)

Appendix C: Principal Indicators on Economic… 421

Item

Agg

rega

teda

taA

vera

gean

nual

grow

thra

te(%

)

1990

1995

2000

2005

2010

2011

1991

–201

119

96–2

011

2001

–201

1

Ful

l-ti

me

teac

hers

(reg

ular

inst

itut

ions

ofhi

gher

educ

atio

n)(t

hous

and

pers

ons)

2837

3663

9597

6.1

6.2

9.3

Ful

l-ti

me

teac

hers

(reg

ular

seco

ndar

ysc

hool

s)(t

hous

and

pers

ons)

415

415

479

611

674

698

2.5

3.3

3.5

Ful

l-ti

me

teac

hers

(reg

ular

prim

ary

scho

ols)

(tho

usan

dpe

rson

s)

848

858

899

881

907

892

0.2

0.2

–0.1

Boo

kspu

blis

hed

(tho

usan

dco

pies

)30

1,66

042

2,75

042

3,10

041

9,58

043

0,99

049

3,03

02.

41.

01.

4

Num

ber

ofm

agaz

ines

issu

ed(t

hous

and

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(continued)


Glossary

Average Real Wage refers to the average wage of employed persons afterremoving the effects of the price changes.

Average Wage refers to the average per capita wage in money terms during acertain period of time for employed persons. It shows the general level of wageincome of staff and worker during a certain period of time, one major indicatorto reflect the wage level.

Average Wage Indices refers to the ratio of average wage of employed personsthe reference period to that at the base period, which reflects the relativeincreasing or decreasing level of real wage of employed persons at the differentperiod.

Birth rate (or Crude Birth rate) refers to the ratio of the number of births to theaverage population (or mid-period population) during a certain period of time(usually a year), expressed in %. Birth rate in the chapter refers to annual birthrate. Number of births refers to live births, i.e., when a baby has breathed orshowed any vital phenomena regardless of the length of pregnancy. Annualaverage population is the average of the number of population at the beginningof the year and that at the end of the year. Sometimes it is substituted by themid-year population.

While the definitions of some of the terms used in this book are consistent withthose that have adopted by various international organizations (including theInternational Monetary Fund and the World Bank), many others are only definedwith Chinese characteristics. The explanations of all the terms shown in thefollowing are mainly based on the official definitions provided by the NationalBureau of Statistics of China (more details are available in Chinese at http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zbjs/, accessed on 2013-10-18).


423

http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zbjs/

http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zbjs/

Budgetary Fund for Education refers to education funding that is planned to beallocated to various schools and education institutions by central and localfinancial departments at various levels within the reference year which is withinthe State budgetary expenditure, including: appropriated funds for education,for science and research, for capital construction, and others.

Business Volume of Post and Telecommunications refers to the total amount ofpostal and telecommunication services, expressed in value terms, provided bythe post and telecommunications departments for society. This indicator reflectsthe overall results of development of postal and telecommunication services. Itcan be classified as postal services and telecommunication services. Businessvolume of post and telecommunications is the sum of each service in kindmultiplying with its correspondent unit price (constant price).

Cash Income refers to income received by rural households and their members inthe form of cash during the reference period. It is classified, by source ofincome, into income from wages and salaries, cash income from householdoperations, income from properties, and income from transfers.

Certified Grade Athletes refer to those who are awarded the title of athletesthrough assessment. The titles rank from high to low as: international-levelathletes, national-level athletes, first-grade athletes, second-grade athletes, andthird-grade athletes.

Children Dependency Ratio also called children dependency coefficient, refersto the ratio of the children population to the working-age population, expressedin %. It describes the number of children population that every 100 people atworking ages will take care of.

Consumer Price Indices reflect the trend and degree of changes in prices ofconsumer goods and services purchased by urban and rural households during agiven period. China’s nation-wide consumer price indices are obtained bycombining the consumer price indices of both urban and rural households. TheIndices enable the observation and analysis of the degree of impact of thechanges in the prices of retailed goods and services on the actual livingexpenses of urban and rural residents.

Consumption Expenditure of Urban Households in Cash refers to total cashexpenditure of households for consumption in daily life, including expenditureon the eight categories of food; clothing; housing; household appliances;transport and communications; education; cultural and recreational activities;and medical care.

Cotton Output refers to cotton production in the whole country including cottonplanted in spring and in autumn. Output is measured as the weight of ginnedcotton. Ceiba is not included.

Currency refers to currency that is in circulation in the market, including localand foreign currencies.

424 Glossary

Death Rate (or Crude Death Rate) refers to the ratio of the number of deaths tothe average population (or mid-period population) during a certain period oftime (usually a year), expressed in %. Death rate refers to annual death rate.

Designs refer to the aesthetics and industrially applicable new designs for theshape, pattern, and color of the product, or their combinations. This indicatorreflects the appearance design achievements with independent intellectualproperty.

Disposable Income refers to the actual income at the disposal of members of thehouseholds which can be used for final consumption, other non-compulsoryexpenditure and savings. This equals to total income minus income tax, per-sonal contribution to social security and subsidy for keeping diaries in being asample household.

Electricity Consumption per Unit of GDP refers to the electricity consumptionper unit of gross domestic product (GDP) in the same reference period.

Employed Persons refer to persons aged 16 and over who are engaged in gainfulemployment and thus receive remuneration payment or earn business income.This indicator reflects the actual utilization of total labor force during a certainperiod of time and is often used for the research on China’s economic situationand national power.

Energy Consumption per Unit of GDP refers to the energy consumption perunit of gross domestic product (GDP) in the same reference period.

Energy Consumption per Unit of Industrial Value added refers to the energyconsumption per unit of industrial value added in a country or region in thesame reference period.

Expenditure of Basic Pension Insurance Program refer to payment made onpensions and funeral subsidies to those retired and resigned people covered inpension insurance programs according to related national policies on scope andstandard of expenditure.

Final Consumption Expenditure refers to the total expenditure of resident unitsfor purchases of goods and services from both the domestic economic territoryand abroad to meet the needs of material, cultural, and spiritual life. It does notinclude the expenditure of nonresident units on consumption in the economicterritory of the country. The final consumption expenditure is broken-down intohousehold consumption expenditure and government consumption expenditure.

Floating Population is a terminology used to describe a group of people whoreside in a given population for a certain amount of time and for variousreasons, but are not generally considered part of the official census count.

Government Appropriation for Education refers to State budgetary fund foreducation, taxes, and fees collected by governments at all levels that are usedfor education purpose, education fund for enterprise-run schools, income from

Glossary 425

school-run enterprises, work-study program, and social services that are usedfor education purpose.

Government Consumption Expenditure refers to the consumption expenditurespent for the provision of public services provided by the government to thewhole country and the net expenditure on the goods and services provided bythe government to households free of charge or at reduced prices. The formerequals to the output value of the government services minus the value ofoperating income obtained by the government departments. The latter equals tothe market value of the goods and services provided by the government free ofcharge or at reduced prices to the households minus the value received by thegovernment from the households.

Government Expenditure refers to the distribution and use of the funds whichthe government finance has raised, so as to meet the needs of economic con-struction and various undertakings. Government expenditure is divided intocentral government expenditure and local government expenditure according tothe different functions of the governments played in economic and socialactivities.

Government Revenue refers to income for the government finance throughparticipating in the distribution of social products. The government revenueincludes the following main items: (1) various tax revenues including domesticvalue added tax (VAT), domestic consumption tax, VAT and consumption taxfrom imports, VAT and consumption tax rebate for exports, business tax,corporate income tax, individual income tax, resource tax, city maintenance andconstruction tax, house property tax, stamp tax, urban land use tax, landappreciation tax, tax on vehicles and boat operation, ship tonnage tax, vehiclepurchase tax, tariffs, farm land occupation tax, deed tax, and tobacco tax, etc;and (2) non-tax revenue, including special program receipts, charge ofadministrative and institutional units, penalty receipts and others non-taxreceipts.

Grain Output refers to the total output in the whole country including grainsproduced by state farms, collective units, rural households, as well as by farmsaffiliated to industrial and mining enterprises and other production units. Grainincludes rice, wheat, corn, sorghum, millet, and other miscellaneous grains aswell as tubers and beans. Output of beans refers to dry beans without pods. Theoutput of tubers (sweet potatoes and potatoes, not including taros and cassava)are converted into that of grain at the ratio of 5:1. Tubers supplied as vegetables(such as potatoes) in cities and suburbs are calculated as fresh vegetables, andtheir output is not included in the output of grain. Output of all other grainsrefers to husked grain.

Gross Dependency Ratio refers to the ratio of non-working-age population to theworking-age population, expressed in %. Describing in general the number ofnon-working-age population that every 100 people at working ages will take

426 Glossary

care of, this indicator reflects the basic relation between population and eco-nomic development from the demographic perspective. The gross dependencyratio is the sum of Children Dependency Ratio and Old Dependency Ratio.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) refers to the final products at market pricesproduced by all resident units in a country during a certain period of time. Grossdomestic product is expressed in three different perspectives, namely value,income, and products, respectively. GDP in its value perspective refers to thebalance of total value of all goods and services produced by all resident unitsduring a certain period of time, minus the total value of input of goods andservices of the nature of non-fixed assets. In other words it is the sum of thevalue added of all resident units. GDP from the perspective of income includesthe primary income created by all resident units and distributed to resident andnonresident units. GDP from the perspective of products refers to the value ofall goods and services for final demand by all resident units plus the net exportsof goods and services during a given period of time. In the practice of nationalaccounting, gross domestic product is calculated from three approaches, namelyproduction approach, income approach, and expenditure approach, whichreflect gross domestic product and its composition from different angles.

Gross Output Value of Agriculture, Forestry, Animal Husbandry, and Fish-ery refers to the total value of products of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry

and fishery, and total value of services in support of agriculture, forestry, animalhusbandry, and fishery activities. It reflects the total scale and results of agri-cultural production during a given period. The gross output value is obtained bymultiplying the output of each product or by-product by its price, resulting inthe output value of each single item. For a small number of products, annualoutput of which is not available or difficult to get due to the long production(growing) process involved, the output value is estimated through an indirectapproach. The sum of output values of all products of agriculture, forestry,animal husbandry and fishery and services in support to those industries is thenequal to the gross output value of agriculture.

Hospitals include general hospitals, hospitals specialized in traditional Chinesemedicine, hospitals of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine,nationalities hospitals, specialized hospitals, and nursing hospitals.

Households refer to resident individuals or groups of resident individuals whoshare common living facilities, pool together entire or part of their income andproperties for their common disposal, and share their housing, food, and otherconsumer goods and services. All households together make up the sector ofhouseholds.

Household Consumption Expenditure refers to the total expenditure of residenthouseholds on the final consumption of goods and services. In addition to theconsumption of goods and services bought by the households directly withmoney, the household consumption expenditure also includes expenditure on

Glossary 427

goods and services obtained by the households in other ways, i.e., the so calledimputed consumption expenditure, which includes the following: (a) the goodsand services provided to households by employers in the form of payment inkind and transfer in kind; (b) goods and services produced and consumed by thehouseholds themselves, in which the services refer to the owner-occupiedhousing and services offered by paid family employees; (c) financial interme-diate services provided by financial institution.

Income from Household Operations refers to income by the rural households asunits of production and operation. Operations by rural households are classifiedaccording to their economic activities namely agriculture, forestry, animalhusbandry, fishery, manufacturing, construction, transportation, post and tele-communications, wholesale, retail and catering, social service, culture, educa-tion, health, and other household operations.

Income from Properties refers to the income received as returns by owners offinancial assets or tangible nonproductive assets by providing capitals or tan-gible nonproductive assets to other institutional units.

Income from Transfers refers to the receipt by rural households and theirmembers of goods, services, capital or rights of assets without giving orrepaying accordingly, excluding capital provided to them for the formation offixed assets. In general, it refers to all income received by rural householdsthrough redistribution.

Income from Wages and Salaries refers to income from labor earned by themembers of rural households employed by other units or individuals.

Internet Users refer to the number of Chinese citizens aged 6 and over who usethe Internet in the past six months.

Inventions refer to new technical proposals to the products or methods or theirmodifications. This is universal core indicator reflecting the technologies withindependent intellectual property.

Investment in Fixed Assets refers to the urban investment in fixed assets underthe previous statistical coverage plus project investments by rural enterprisesand institutions.

Length of Highways refers to the actual length of highways at the end of ref-erence period. It covers public roads running vehicles among cities, city andrural areas, township (villages), highways passing through streets at small citiesand towns, length of bridges and tunnels, width of ferry piers. It does notinclude the length of streets in cities, dead-end highways, and the length ofstreets built for agricultural (forest) production and inside factories (mines). Itcan only be calculated with the actual mileage having been completed, checked,and accepted or put into operation. If two or more highways go the same sectionof the way, the length of the section is only calculated for once.

428 Glossary

Length of Railways in Operation refers to the total length of the trunk line forpassenger and freight transportation in full operation or temporary operation.

Licensed Assistant Doctors refer to the medical workers who have obtained thelicenses of qualified assistant doctors and are employed in medical treatment,disease prevention or health-care institutions, excluding the licensed assistantdoctors engaged in management job. The classification of licensed assistantdoctors is clinician, Chinese medicine, dentist, and public health.

Licensed Doctors refer to the medical workers who have obtained the licenses ofqualified doctors and are employed in medical treatment, disease prevention orhealth-care institutions, excluding the licensed doctors engaged in managementjob. The licensed doctors are divided into 4 categories: clinician, Chinesemedicine physicians, dentist, and public health physicians.

Life expectancy is the expected (in the statistical sense) number of years of liferemaining at a given age. It is important to note that life expectancy is anaverage. In countries with high infant mortality rates, life expectancy at birth ishighly sensitive to the rate of death in the first few years of life. For example, ina hypothetical stationary population in which half the population dies before theage of five, but everybody else dies at exactly 70 years old, the life expectancyat age zero will be about 37 years.

Medical and Health-care Institutions refer to the units which have been qual-ified the Certification of Health Care Institution by the administration of publichealth, or qualified the Certification of Corporate Unit by the civil affairs,administration for industry and commerce, commission office for public sectorreform, and engaging in medical care, disease prevention and control, healthsupervision and inspection, medicine research and on-job training, etc.,including: hospitals, health-care institutions at grassroot level, specializedpublic health institutions, and other medical and health-care institutions.

Natural Growth Rate of Population refers to the ratio of natural increase inpopulation (number of births minus number of deaths) in a certain period oftime (usually a year) to the average population (or mid-period population) ofthe same period, expressed in %.

Net Enrollment Ratio of Primary Schools refers to the proportion of school agechildren enrolled at schools to the total number of school age children both inand outside schools (including retarded children, but excluding blind, deaf andmute children).

Net Income of Rural Households refers to the total income of rural householdsfrom all sources minus all corresponding expenses (including householdoperation expenses, taxes and fees depreciation of fixed assets for production,and gifts to rural relatives). Net income is mainly used as input for reinvestmentin production and as consumption expenditure of the year, and also used forsavings and non-compulsory expenses of various forms. ‘‘Per capita net income

Glossary 429

of farmers’’ is the level of net income averaged by population, reflecting theaverage income level of rural population in a given area.

New Rural Cooperative Medical System is proposed by the central governmentto finance farmers who face high medical costs for severe diseases or injuries. Itis a multi-channel fund-raising system composed by the government, collec-tives, and individuals. Under this system, each farmer pays 20 yuan to join inthe fund while the governments contribute 80 yuan (in 2008, this amount hasincreased to 120 yuan in 2010, 200 yuan in 2011, and 240 yuan in 2012) foreach participant. By the end of 2009, about 833 million rural residents hadjoined in the system, accounting for more than 90Â % of the rural population.

Old Dependency Ratio also Called Old Dependency Coefficient refers to theratio of the elderly population to the working-age population, expressed in %. Itdescribes the number of the elderly population that every 100 people at workingages will take care of. Old dependency ratio is one of the indicators reflectingthe social implication of population aging from the economic perspective.

Output of Oil-Bearing Crops refers to the total production of oil-bearing cropsof various kinds, including peanuts (dry, in shell), rapeseeds, sesame, sunflowerseeds, flax seeds, and other oil-bearing crops. Soybeans, oil-bearing woodyplants, and wild oil-bearing crops are not included.

Patent is an abbreviation for the patent right and refers to the exclusive right ofownership by the inventors or designers for the creation or inventions, givenfrom the patent offices after due process of assessment and approval inaccordance with the Patent Law of the People’s Republic of China. Thisindicator reflects the achievements in science and technology and in design withindependent intellectual property. Patents are granted for three types—‘‘Inventions’’, ‘‘Utility Models’’, and ‘‘Designs’’.

Price Indices for Means of Agricultural Production reflect the trend and degreeof changes in the prices of the means of agricultural production during a givenperiod. Compilation of these indices helps to understand the price changes ofmaterial input in agricultural production and facilitate the compilation ofnational accounts. Before 1994, price indices for means of agricultural pro-duction were a sub-category in the retail price indices for commodities, and ithas been compiled separately since 1994.

Primary Industry refers to agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fisheryindustries.

Private Enterprises refer to enterprises which have been registered at thedepartments of industrial and commercial administration for which the businessoperation are situated at a county town (i.e., a town where the county gov-ernment is located), or at urban areas with administrative hierarchy higher thana county town.

430 Glossary

Producer Price Indices reflect the trend and degree of changes in producers’prices during a given period. These indices depict the change in the level andstructure of producer prices for products of the country and meet the needs ofnational accounts statistics. The producer price index for a given product iscalculated as the geometrical mean of individual indices for all surveyed unitswhich sell such product, and the indices for a product category is obtained asthe weighted mean of price indices for all products in the category.

Radio Coverage of Population refers to the percentage of population, which canreceive central, provincial, city, prefecture, and county radio programs relayedby wireless, cable, satellite, and other technical means, in the surveying area, tonational total population.

Registered Unemployed Persons in Urban Areas refer to the persons with non-agricultural household registration at certain working ages (16 years old toretirement age), who are capable of working, unemployed, and willing to work,and have been registered at the local employment service agencies to apply fora job.

Registered Unemployment Rate in Urban Areas refers to the ratio of thenumber of the registered unemployed persons to the sum of the number ofpersons employed in various units (minus the employed rural labor force, re-employed retirees, and Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan or foreign employees),laid-off staff and workers in urban units, owners of private enterprises in urbanareas, owners of self-employed individuals in urban areas, employees of privateenterprises in urban areas, employee of self-employed individuals in urbanareas, and the registered unemployed persons in urban areas.

Regular Institutions of Higher Education refer to educational establishmentsset up according to the government evaluation and approval procedures,recruiting graduates from senior secondary schools as the main target by thenational matriculation test. They include full-time universities, colleges, insti-tutions of higher professional education, institutions of higher vocational edu-cation, institutions of higher vocational education and others (non-universitytertiary, branch schools and undergraduate classes).

Retail Price Indices reflect the trend and degree of change in retail prices ofcommodities during a given period. The change in retail prices of commoditiesis related to government revenue, the equilibrium of market supply anddemand, and the ratio of consumption to accumulation. Therefore, the retailprice indices are useful from an oblique perspective for observing and ana-lyzing the changes of the above economic activities

Revenue of the basic pension insurance program refers to payments made byemployers and individuals participating in the pension insurance program inaccordance with the basis and proportion stipulated in State regulations, andincome from other sources that become source of pension insurance fund,including the premium paid by employers and staff and workers, interest

Glossary 431

income, subsidies from higher level agencies, income as transfer from subor-dinate agencies, transferred income, government financial subsidies, and otherincome.

Rural Households refer to usual resident households in rural areas. Usual resi-dent households in rural areas are households residing on a long-term basis(formore than one year) in the areas under the administration of township gov-ernments (not including county towns), and in the areas under the adminis-tration of villages in county towns. Households residing in the current addressesfor over one year with their household registration in other places are stillconsidered as resident households of the locality. For households with theirhousehold registration in one place but all members of the households havingmoved away to make a living in another place for over one year, they will notbe included in the rural households of the area where they are registered,irrespective of whether they still keep their contracted land.

Rural Population refers to population other than Urban Population.

Rural Residents Entitled to Minimum Living Allowances refers to thosereceiving the minimum living allowances from the local government or com-munity in the rural areas where this allowances system is in place as of the endof the reference period.

Secondary Industry refers to mining and quarrying, manufacturing, productionand supply of electricity, water and gas, and construction.

Self-employed Individuals in Urban Areas refer to persons who hold the cer-tificates of residence in urban areas or have resided in the urban areas for a longtime and have been registered at the departments of industrial and commercialadministration and approved to be engaged in individual industrial or com-mercial business, including self-employed persons as well as helpers and hiredlaborers who work in individual households.

Television Coverage of Population refers to the percentage of population, whichcan receive central, provincial, city, prefecture, and county television programsrelayed by wireless, cable, satellite and other technical means, in the surveyingarea, to national total population.

Tertiary Industry refers to all other economic activities not included in theprimary or secondary industries

Three Strata of Industry Classification of economic activities into three strata ofindustry is a common practice in the world, although the grouping varies tosome extent from country to country. In China, economic activities are cate-gorized into the three strata of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries. Seemore details under the separate entries of ‘‘Primary Industry’’, ‘‘SecondaryIndustry’’, and ‘‘Tertiary Industry’’.

432 Glossary

Total Disposable Income Total income from primary distribution is redistributedthrough current transfer, resulting in the total disposable income of variousinstitutional sectors. The sum of total disposable income of all institutionalsectors makes up the total national disposable income.

Total Expenditure of Urban Households Refers to all actual expenditure ofhouseholds except expenditure on lending. It includes cash expenditure.

Property Expenditure Transfer expenditure, social insurance expenditure andexpenditure on house purchasing or house building.

Total Income of Urban Households Refers to the sum of wage, net businessincome, income from properties, and income from transfers of members of thehouseholds. Income from selling of properties and income from borrowing arenot included.

Total Population Refers to the total number of people alive at a certain point oftime within a given area. The annual statistics on total population is taken atmidnight of 3l December, not including residents in Taiwan, Hong Kong andMacao and Chinese citizens residing abroad.

Total Wage Bill It is revised according to the ‘‘Provision of Composition of TotalWages’’ (Order No. 1 by National Bureau of Statistics on January 1, 1990), totalwage bill refers to the total remuneration payment to all employed persons invarious units during the reporting period (by quarter or by year), includinghourly paid wages, piece-rate wages, bonuses, allowance and subsidies, over-time wages and wages paid under special circumstances. It equals to the sum oftotal wages of employed staff and workers, dispatch labors, and other employedpersons. Total wage bill is pre-tax wages, including the room charges, utilitybills, housing funds and social insurance paid or withheld by employee’s units.Total wage bill, whether or not included in cost, whether or not paid in moneyor in kind, shall be included in the calculation of total wage.

Urban Population Refers to all people residing in cities and towns. Before 2005,urban population does not include Floating Population. Since then, part of thelatter is also included in urban population. See more details under the entry‘‘Usual Resident Population’’.

Urban Residents Entitled to Minimum Living Allowances Refers to thosewhose average family income is below a minimum local standard by the end ofthe reporting period, including both the employed and unemployed, laid off andretired, and those jobless people without stable residence or valid IDs.

Usual Resident Population Refers to persons staying at home regularly or forover 6 months during a year and integrated with the household economicallyand in terms of living. Members of the household staying away from thehousehold for over 6Â months but keeping a close economic relation with thehousehold by sending the majority of income to the household are regarded asusual resident of the household. Government staff and workers or retirees living

Glossary 433

as close members of the household are also considered as usual resident.However, servicemen, students of secondary technical schools or schools ofhigher education and persons with stable jobs and residence outside thehousehold (excluding those visiting relatives or seeking medical service) arenot included as resident population of the household.

Utility Models Refer to the practical and new technical proposals on the shapeand structure of the product or the combination of both. This indicator reflectsthe condition of technological results with certain technical content.

434 Glossary

multicultural china: a statistical yearbook (2014)

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