music of east asia

8/9/2019 Music of EAST Asia

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Music of eASTasia

Instruments and Folk Music


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JAPAN


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Japan• Traditional Japanese music is

basically meditative in character. Itsperformance is hi hly rituali!ed" asmuch in the music itself" as in thecomposure of the musicians #henperformin it. Japanese chamber andsolo music have a slo# meditativepace.


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Japan• The performance of Japanese music

has traditionally been of a spiritualcharacter" similarly to martial artsand other forms of art such as thetea ceremony and calli raphy. It isusually about reli ious festivals"#ork" dance" love" and re ionalson s.

• This is the reason #hy music has

become hi hly rituali!ed.


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Instruments of Japan

$ate ori!ed


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Gagaku ensemblekabuki


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%daiko• &'daiko means (lar e drum(" but #ithin

any roup" it describes the lar est drum in

an ensemble. &'daiko vary in si!e" thou hthey are often as lar e as ) shaku*+,- cm/ ).- ft0 in diameter. Made from asin le piece of #ood" some 1'daiko come

from trees that are hundreds of years old.Some 1'daiko are also too di2cult to movedue to their si!e" and thereforepermanently reside inside a temple orshrine


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%'tsu!umi *left03otsu!umi *4i ht0

• The tsu!umi is a Japanese drum of $hinese5Indianori in. It consists of a #ooden body shaped likean hour lass" and it is taut" #ith t#o drum heads

#ith cords that can be s6uee!ed or released toincrease or decrease the tension of the headsrespectively.

• It has 7 kinds" the o'tsu!umi #hich is placed onthe left thi h" and the kotsu!umi" #hich is placedon the ri ht shoulder.


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Tsuridaiko '

• a lar e han in barrel drum


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TAI3%• 'is a Japanese drum that comes in various

si!es and is used to play a variety ofmusical enres.


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3%T%

• ' A +8 strin !ither.


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Shamisen• The neck of the shamisen is fretless"

and is slimmer than that of a uitaror a ban9o.


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:i#a• 'is a Japanese short'necked fretted lute"

often used in narrative storytellin . Thebi#a is the chosen instrument of :enten"

the oddess of music" elo6uence" poetry"and education in Japanese Shinto.


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Shakuhachi• 'the most famous ;ute made from bamboo. It has

< or = >n er holes on the front face and athumbhole on the rear face. As #ith otherinstruments above" it #as imported from $hinafor a aku.


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Nokan• 'a parallel" bamboo ;ute *fue0 is the

only melodic instrument used in noh. The melody of the ;ute has nospeci>c pitch relationship #ith themelody of the chantin .


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?ichiriki• is a double reed Japanese fue *;ute0

used as one of t#o main melodicinstruments in Japanese a akumusic" the other bein the ry@teki.


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Sho• is a Japanese free reed musical

instrument that #as introduced from$hina durin the Nara period.


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Shinobue• Also called takebue in the conte t of Japanese traditional arts0 is a Japanese transverse ;ute or fue thathas a hi h'pitched sound.


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4yuteki*i0• Biterally (dra on ;ute( is a Japanese

transverse fue made of bamboo. It isused in a aku.


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$?INA


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$?INA• For several thousand years $hinese

culture #as dominated by theteachin s of the philosopher$onfucius" he conceived music in thehi hest sense as a means of calminthe passion of dispellin of unrest

and lust" rather than as a form ofamusement.


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$?INA• Traditionally the $hinese have

believed that sound in;uences theharmony of the universe.Si ni>cantly" one of the mostimportant duties of the >rst emperorof each ne# dynasty #as to search

out and establish that dynastyCsthrou h standard of pitch. A result ofthis philosophical orientation #as

that the $hinese theoretically


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CHINESE INSTRUMENTS

$ate ori!ed


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DueEin• Moon'shaped lute #ith shorter neck

and four strin s" played #ith aspectrum" used for accompanyinlocal operas.


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Pipa• Four'strin ed lute #ith 8- frets and a

pear'shaped body. This instrumenthas an e tremely #ide dynamicran e and remarkable e pressivepo#er.


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4?G• T#o'strin ed >ddle and one of the

most popular $hinese instruments. Itis used as a solo instrument as #ellas in small ensembles or lar eorchestra" and by various ethnic

roups.


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yGNBG%•

Biterally (cloud on s( or (cloud ofon s(" the yunluo is a set of tensmall tuned on s mounted in a#ooden frame. The yunluoHs on sare enerally of e6ual diameter butdi erent thicknesses. The thicker

on s produce a hi her pitch.


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Shen• Shen " or $hinese mouth or an"

looks like a set of panpipes" #ith +7to 8) bamboo pipes. ach pipe is ofdi erent len th #ith a brass reed atthe bottom and a hole that must beblocked in order for the note to

sound.


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i!i• i!i is the traditional $hinese ;ute.• The player plays the i!i by blo#in

across the mouthpiece and producesthe di erent notes by stoppin thesi holes found in the rod.


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Khen• An ancient $hinese instrument that

has an arched surface and anelon ated'trape!oid #ith +8 to 7+strin s stretched over individualbrid es. Its playin ran e spansthree to four octaves.


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Pen lin• These are t#o small bells made of

hi h'tin bron!e" #ithout internalclappers" and hemispheric orbottomless ourd'like in shape. Theinstrument has a delicate" clarionand melodious tone.


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3%4 A


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3orea• 3oreaHs folk music tradition" #ith its

enerous use of bri ht rhythms andmelodies" o ers a more ener etic and

capricious contrast to the nationHscollection of classical music #orks.• $hon 'ak means literally (ri ht *or

correct0 music(" and its tradition includesboth instrumental and vocal music" #hich#ere cultivated mainly by the upper'classliterati of the Joseon society.


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3orea• 3orean music especially in South

3orea has a rich vocal tradition" anddiverse instruments and musicforms. Folk son s" reli ious #orks"court music" and shaman rituals alle press the soul of a nation #hose

history is >lled #ith colorful andfascinatin tales.


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KORE N INSTRUMENTS

$ate ori!ed


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3a ayum• It is a traditional 3orean !ither'like

strin instrument" #ith +7 strin s"althou h more recently variants havebeen constructed #ith 7+ or morenumbers of strin s.


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?ae um• It has a rodlike neck" a hollo#

#ooden soundbo " t#o silk strin s"and is held vertically on the knee ofthe performer and played #ith a bo#.


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Piri• Gsed in both the folk and classical

*court0 music of 3orea. It is made ofbamboo. Its lar e reed andcylindrical bore ives it a soundmello#er than that of many othertypes of oboe.


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$han o• It is the most #idely used drum used

in the traditional music of 3orea. It isavailable in most kinds" and consistsof an hour lass'shaped body #itht#o heads made from animal skin.


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T?ATIS

ABB

music of east asia

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