musical instruments of india indian music has countless musical instruments including those used in...
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Musical Instruments of India
Indian music has countless musical instruments including those used in classical, folk and tribal music.
A. Indian Stringed Instruments
1. Sitar - the most common instrumentsin India.
- has seven strings. Each end of the strings is used to play drones. Drones - is a sustained sound or repetition of a two notes.
- can be used as accompaniment and also used for solo parts in a composition.
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SITAR
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2. Tambura (Tanpura, Tamboura or Taanpura) - is a long-necked plucked instrument, has round
body and long handle. The body shape of the tambura somewhat resembles that of the sitar,
but it has no frets – and the strings are played open. - It has four strings made of metal.
One or more tamburas may accompany other musicians or vocalists. An electronic tanpura is often substituted in contemporary Indian classical music performance.
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Tambura
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3. Veena or Vina (carnatic)
-is one of the most ancient string instruments of India.
- is 1.5m long and is made from jackwood. It has a large, round body with a thick, wide neck, the end of which is carved into the head of a dragon.
- a small resonator is attached to the underside of the neck.
- it has 24 metal frets embedded in hardened bees-wax, mixed with charcoal powder.
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4. Sarangi
-is a fretless bowed, short-necked string instrument of India.
- can be played for solo or with accompaniment.
- has 3 main strings and a number of sympathetic strings made of steel on the left and right set.
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Sarangi
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B. Indian Percussion Instruments
1. Tabla - are two drums for the left and right hands of the player. - can play the tonic chords (I) and dominant chords (V).
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Tabla
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2. Mridangam
- is another drum instrument with both ends being used. The player has to set the instrument in his/her lap to make it easy for him/her to play. To ensure the correct pitch, the player replaces tuning materials whenever there is a performance.
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3. Big Gongs- produced high and low pitched sounds. The big gongs play the accented beats and the rhythm accompaniment.
4. Pakhawaj
- a two faced barrel drum with shell made of holled wood. - is almost similar to mridangam in structure.
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Pakhawaj
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C. Indian Wind Instruments
1. Shehnai (hindustani)
-a double-reeded, tubular graduallywidening towards the outer end, with a metal tunnel. - has eight holes but only upper seven are used. The eight is for regulating the pitch by applying wax.
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SHEHNA I
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2. Ottu
- is a south Indian drone instrument. It is very similar to the nadaswaram or the shehnai in construction. It is usually somewhat longer than the nadaswaram. It has a bell, usually of metal like the shehnai. - It has four or five holes.
This instrument does not play a melody, but merely provides the drone for temple ensembles.
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Ottu
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3. Nadaswaram (carnatic)
- a double-reeded that has two distinct parts of wooden tubular body fitted with a large wooden belly at the lower end.- it has eight finger holes and four vent holes on the side.
The reed is made of wood. A must in the temples and all religious and social functions. It is essentially an open air instrument but in recent times has been muffled to be used in concerts.
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Nadaswaram
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4. Bombashi
-is a fipple flute found in Bangladesh. It is used in a variety of folk music, and accompaniment of traditional folk theatre. - it is made of a body of bamboo with a detachable round mouthpiece.- it has eigh holes.
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BOMBASH I