MUTATION BREEDING

A report made by: Kristine Joy G. Clapero

(Clappers)

Objectives:

determine the process of mutation breeding

know what is mutation as well as the breeding

know who contributed the mutation breeding

Understand how mutation breeding and radiation breeding done

Know the chemicals that can be used for mutation

Site some successful mutation around the world

Differentiate the mutants, mutagens and mutagenesis

After the discussion the students will be able to:

Mutation Breeding

- Is the change in genetic material: a random change in a gene or chromosome resulting in a new trait.

What is Breeding?- is the reproduction,

that is, producing of offspring, usually animals or plants.

What is Mutation?

Mutation Breeding

Process- There are different kind of

mutagenic breeding such as using chemical

mutagens like EMS and DMS, and radiation are

used to generate mutants.

Mutation Breeding

- Mutation breeding is commonly used to produce traits in crops such as larger

seeds, new colors, or sweeter fruits, that either cannot be found in nature or have

been lost during evolution.

- EMS= Ethyl methanesulfonate . It

produces random mutations in genetic

material by nucleotide substitution.

Mutation Breeding

-DMS= Dimethyl sulfate is a chemical compound. It is mainly used as a methylating agent in organic synthesis.

Mutation Breeding

Radiation Breeding- Exposing plants to

radiation is sometimes called radiation

breeding and is a sub class of mutagenic

breeding.- Radiation breeding may take place in atomic gardens.

Mutation Breeding

- It was discovered in the 1920s when Lewis J. Stadler of the University of Missouri (Colombia)

used X-rays on - barley seeds.

Lewis John Stadler (July 6, 1896 - May 12, 1954)

was an American geneticist. His research

focused on the mutagenic effects of

different forms of radiation on

economically important plants like maize and

barley.

Mutation Breeding

Atomic Gardens- are a form of mutation

breeding where plants are exposed to radioactive

sources, in order to generate useful mutations.

Part of the plant to be treated- Are seeds, pollen

grains, buds/cuttings or complete plant can be used for mutagenesis.

- It depends on whether the crop is sexually or asexually propagated.

Mutation Breeding

- Sexually propagated crops: seeds that are commonly used because can

tolerate extreme environmental conditions.

Mutagen, Mutagenesis and Mutant

Mutation Breeding

Mutagens- Is a physical or chemical agent

that causes such changes the genetic material.

Mutagenesis - Is the process of

change in the DNA

Mutant - Is an individual,

organism, or new genetic character, arising or resulting from an instance of

mutation.

- Can either completely destroy the function of a gene or it can change the sequence of letters of the genetic code

in a gene

Mutation Breeding

Mutation Breeding

Some of the Successful Mutation Breeding

Most Perfect Orange (California)

Rice (China)

Rice & Soybeans

(Vietnam)

Thanks For Your Time…