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Zv‡ì g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, Zviv A‡b‡Ki AbyKiYxq ev kÖ×vi cvÎ|

†mw`K †_‡K Gwkqvb wUwfÕi cÖavb Dc‡`óv gÄyiæj Bmjv‡gi f~wgKv

cÖksmvi `vwe`vi| †`‡ki evB‡ii Bs‡iwR UK‡kvÕi g‡a¨ wewewmÕi

nvW©UK I wmGbGb-G Avgvb‡cvi G‡`‡k RbwcÖqZv †c‡q‡Q|

GQvovI, evsjvfvlvq cÖPvwiZ fvi‡Zi Avmvg I †gNvjq iv‡Rï wUwf

UK‡kv gv‡bi w`K w`‡q wewewmÕi nvW©UK-Gi †P‡q Kg bq| GwU

GRb¨ †h, Gme Av‡jvPbvq eo-eo ivRbxwZwe`, `~Zmn bvgRv`v

AwZw_‡K G‡b gy³ Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq, hv nvW©wbD‡Ri †P‡q PgKcÖ

I AvKl©Yxq nq| wbR¯ wWk ms‡hvM Qvov Gme P¨v‡b¸‡jv †`Lv bv

hvIqvq †ewki fvM `k©K evsjv‡`‡k Gme Abyôvb Dc‡fvM Ki‡Z

cv‡ib bv|

wUwfÕi wbqwgZ `k©K‡ì K‡_vcK_‡b †hme DcvË cvIqv hvq

Zvn‡jv GB †h, (K) `k©Kiv †ev‡Sb †Kvb& UK‡kvÕi †Kvb& mÂvjK

†Kvb& gZv`‡k©i wKsev KZUzKz GK‡c‡k; (L) wUwfÕ‡Z AwZw_ e³v ev

ivR‰bwZK fvl¨Kvi †Kvb& ivR‰bwZK gZv`‡k©i mg_©K| Ab¨fv‡e

ejv hvq, ivR‰bwZK cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi †`Š‡o eZ©gv‡b †ewki fvM

wUwf‡ZB †`‡ki eo `yÕwU `‡ji n‡q K_v e‡jb ev ej‡Z B”QzK

Ggbme AwZw_‡ìB ivRbxwZ welqK UK‡kvÕ‡Z Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv nq|

Gme UK‡kvÕ‡K `k©Kiv †hgb mvayev` Rvbvb, †Zgwb Avevi

mgv‡jvPbvI K‡ib| ivR‰bwZK `‡ji D”P ch©v‡qi †bZvivI UK‡kvÕi

mgv‡jvPbvq Kg hvb bv| Z‡e mvaviY `k©Kiv GwUI g‡b K‡ib †h,

Gme Abyôvb miKvi ev cÖkvm‡bi Ici †Zgb cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i bv

G welqwU M‡elYvi gva¨‡g hvPvB Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e M‡elYvi

¯íZvi Kvi‡Y Ge¨vcv‡i †mvRvmvcUv Dcmsnvi Uvbvi AeKvk †Zgb

†bB ej‡jB P‡j|

†jLK: GwWUi, XvKvwbDR24WUKg

wbix¶v

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14

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UK‡kv

nIqv ìKvi

msev` m¤§Z

cjvk Avnmvb

UK‡kv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv ev Av‡jvPbvi

UK‡kv, †hfv‡eB ewj bv †KbÑ cy‡iv

welqwU †ek ¯ck©KvZi| we‡kl K‡i

†cÖ¶vcUwU hLb nq evsjv‡`k| Ôwe‡kl

K‡iÕB ev ewj †KbÑ evsjv‡`‡k UK‡kv

hZ ¯ck©KvZi c„w_exi Avi †Kv_vI

Ggb wK-bv m‡›`n| KviY UK‡kv †hfv‡e

ïiæ n‡q‡Q Ges GwU Kx nIqv DwPZ Gi

ZvwË¡K e¨vL¨v hviv w`‡q‡Qb †mLv‡b

†Kv_vI ¯ck©KvZi nIqvi †Kv‡bv D‡jøL

wQj bv| wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡k AvR UK‡kv

¯úk©KvZi wel‡q cwiYZ n‡q‡Q|

evsjv‡`‡k UK‡kvÕi ¯ck©KvZiZv wb‡qB

GB †jLv| Avgv‡ì Kv‡Q UK‡kv GLb

A‡bKUv w`wjøKv jvÇzi g‡Zv| †KD

†L‡q c Ívq Avevi †KD bv †L‡qI

c Ívq| A_©vr Mfxi ivZ ch©šÍ gvbyl

UK‡kv †`‡L Nyg bó K‡i| Avevi mKv‡j

Pv‡qi AvÇvq ayÜygvi mgv‡jvPbv K‡i|

G‡Z ev` c‡ob bv Dc ’vcK I

†Uwjwfkb KZ©…c¶| Avi Av‡jvPKiv †Zv

mgv‡jvPbvi †K›`ªwe›`y‡ZB _v‡Kb| wKš‘

Ggb †Zv nIqvi K_v bq| UK‡kv

Avm‡j †Uwjwfk‡bi cyi‡bv Abyôv‡bi

avivi GKwU bvg| 1944 mv‡j

†Uwjwfk‡bi evwYwR¨K cÖPvi ïiæ nIqvi

gvÎ Qq eQ‡ii g‡a¨B UK‡kvÕi cÖPjb|

DBwKwcwWqvÕi Z_¨ g‡Z 1950 mv‡j

cÖ_g UK‡kv cÖPvi nq Av‡gwiKvi

WvweøD‡R‡RW †Uwjwfk‡b| Gi Dc¯’vcK

wQ‡jb †Rv d«v¼wjb bv‡g GK RbwcÖq

†iwWI Dc¯’vcK| GB †kvÕi gva¨‡g

wZwb †Uwjwfk‡b KvR ïiæ K‡ib| †mmgq UK‡kv¸‡jv wQj g~j Dc ’vcK †Kw›`ªK| whwb

Dc¯’vcK _vK‡Zb †kvUv g~jZ eª vwÛs n‡Zv Zvi bv‡gB| GKB UK‡kv Ab¨ †Uwjwfk‡bI cÖPvi

Kiv †hZ| d«v¼wj‡bi †kvÕUv GKeQi c‡iB WvweøD wewm Ges WvweøD IAviwU †Uwjwfk‡b cÖPvi

n‡qwQj| †m wn‡m‡e †Rv d«v¼wjbB UK‡kv Gi cÖ_g Dc ’vcK| GB †kvÕwU wKš‘ †gv‡UI

ivR‰bwZK wQj bv| GLv‡b g~jZ Avm‡Zb †mwj‡eªwUiv|

1950 †_‡K 1962 `xN© 12 eQi †eu‡P wQj †Rv d«v¼wj‡bi UK‡kvwU| †h Kvi‡Y Avgiv

ej‡ZB cvwi †h, Gi k©K wQj, wQj RbwcÖqZvI| Zvici Av‡iv UK‡kv G‡m‡Q, we‡k¦i Ab¨vb¨

†Uwjwfk‡b| GB †Zv 1954 mv‡j Av‡gwiKvi Gbwewm †Uwjwfk‡b ïiæ n‡qwQj `¨ Uz-bvBU|

GB †kvwU GL‡bv RxweZ Ges GL‡bv Pj‡Q| Avqvij¨v‡Û 1962 mv‡j ïiæ nIqv †jU‡kv bv‡gi

UK‡kvwUI †eu‡P Av‡Q| GB `yÕwU UK‡kv‡qi RbwcÖqZv ïiæ †_‡K GKB iKg Av‡Q| `¨ Uz-

bvB‡Ui Dc¯’vcK w÷f A¨v‡jb Ab¨vb¨ wUwf Dc¯’vcK‡ì Kv‡Q AvR wKse`wšÍ| Zuvi †`Lv‡bv

c‡_B nuv‡Ub eû RbwcÖq wUwf Dc ’vcK| gRvi e¨vcvi n‡”Q cÖ‡Z¨K UK‡kv Dc ’vcK GKmgq

†mwj‡eªwU n‡q hvb Ges mgv‡R BwZevPK B‡gR cÖwZôv K‡ib| wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖ¶vcU

wfbœ| GLv‡b †Kb Rvwb UK‡kv wb‡RB wb‡Ri †bwZevPK B‡gR cÖwZôv K‡i‡Q| GUz‡RW mevB

GLv‡b UK‡kv Gi mgv‡jvPK| Aek¨ mgv‡jvPbv n‡jB †h †Kv‡bv welq †bwZevPK n‡q hvq

Zv bq| wKš‘ Avgv‡ì UK‡kv Gi †¶‡Î Avm‡jB mgv‡jvPbv Kivi g‡Zv wKQz NUbv N‡U‡Q

GLb Lye ¯vfvweKfv‡eB cÖkœ DV‡Z

cv‡iÑ Zvn‡j GLbKvi †kv¸‡jv‡K

†Kb gvbyl MYgyLx fve‡Q bv? DËi

GKB| ... Zuv‡KI Av‡jvP‡Ki g‡Zv

AvµgY K‡i cÖkœ Ki‡Z nq,

A‡hŠw³Kfv‡e _vwg‡q w`‡Z nq

Av‡jvPK‡ì

GiB g‡a¨ | GK †kv‡q `yB AwZw_i SMov e¨w³MZ ch©v‡q †cuŠQvi

NUbv †Zv cÖwZw`bB N‡U| nvZvnvwZ‡Z Movq Zv †Kv‡bv-†Kv‡bv w`b|

UK‡kvÕi ga¨ †_‡KB Av‡jvPK †ewi‡q †M‡Qb Ggb bwRiI

†bnv‡qZ Kg bq|

Avgv‡ì wUwf UK‡kv wb‡q mvaviY gvby‡li cÖwZwµqv Rvbvi

Rb¨ †Zgb Av‡qvR‡bi ìKvi †bB | cvewjK ev‡m Po‡j A_ev †h

†Kv‡bv Pv‡qi †`vKv‡b em‡jB n‡e cÖwZwµqv| Avwg wb‡R gvby‡li

Kv‡Q †_‡K Av‡jvPbv ï‡bwQ| eû mvaviY gvby‡li g‡Zv GK n‡q †h

wm×všÍwU ùvovq, †mwU A‡bKUv GiKg| hviv Av‡jvPbvq Av‡mb,

Zviv Avm‡j wb‡R‡K Rvwni Kivi Rb¨ Av‡mb| †ewki fvM

Av‡jvPKB K_v e‡jb `jxq Kg©xi g‡Zv| †h Kvi‡Y Zv‡ì K_v n‡q

hvq GKcvw¶K| UK‡kv¸‡jv KL‡bvB me©Rbxb n‡q I‡V bv| GKwU

mgm¨v wb‡q Av‡jvPbv ïiæ nq| wKš‘ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K †mB mgm¨vi

mgvavb KL‡bvB †ei nq bv| wKš‘ UK‡kvÕi g~j D‡Ïk¨B _v‡K

GKwU mgm¨v wb‡q mswkøó we‡klÁ‡ì m‡½ Av‡jvPbv Kiv| †kl

ch©šÍ GKwU wm×všÍ †ei Kiv| Avwg wb‡RI gv‡Vi gvby‡li †ewki

fvM mgv‡jvPbvi m‡½ GKgZ| Avwg g‡b Kwi, Avgv‡ì

†Uwjwfk‡bi GKwU ¯KxqZv ˆZwi nIqv ìKvi| wVK nIqv DwPZ

GKUv fvlvI| UK‡kvÕ‡Z Kx nIqv DwPZ, Kx nIqv DwPZ bq, †m

Av‡jvPbvq hvIqvi Av‡M GKUz †`Lv ìKvi c„w_exi Ab¨vb¨ †`‡ki

†Uwjwfkb¸‡jv Kxfv‡e UK‡kvÕi PP©v Ki‡Q|

Av‡gwiKv, weª‡Ub yÕ‡`‡kB UK‡kv LyeB RbwcÖq wUwf Abyôvb|

wbDR P¨v‡bj¸‡jv‡Z msev‡ì evB‡i GKwU eo AskRy‡o _v‡K

UK‡kv| KL‡bv-KL‡bv †MvUv LeiB UK‡kv n‡q I‡V| wKš‘ †m

Av‡jvPbvi PwiÎ G‡Kev‡i Avjv`v| A_©vr Avgv‡ì †`‡ki UK‡kv

Av‡jvPbvi aib †_‡K Hme †_‡K Avjv`v| `yÕ‡`‡kB w`‡bi mgq

evovi m‡½-m‡½ e`jv‡Z _v‡K UK‡kvÕi aib| †hgb, mKv‡ji

†kv¸‡jv‡K Zviv e‡j †eªKdv÷ †kv ev gwb©s‡kv| †mLv‡b †ewki fvM

AwZw_ †kvwe‡Ri gvbyl| Lye nvjKv Pv‡j ïiæ nq Abyôvb| †MvUv †kv

GKUv gRvi Abyôv‡b cwiYZ nq †kl ch©šÍ| †W-†kv ev w`‡bi

†kv¸‡jv mvaviYZ †mevg~jK| †hgb ¯v ’ welqK Av‡jvPbv, AvBb

wb‡q K‡_vcK_b, GgbwK AvenvIqv ev ch©Ub wb‡q bvbv nvjKv

Av‡jvPbv| Gme wel‡qi Dc ’vcK GKRbB| wKš‘ AwZw_ mswkøó

wel‡qi m‡½ RwoZ †Kvb †ev×v| ycy‡ii w`‡K Av‡jvPbv¸‡jv nq,

w`‡bi Av‡jvwPZ Lei wb‡q| wewewm Ges wmGbGb-Gi g‡Zv

AvšÍR©vwZK P¨v‡bj¸‡jv‡Z msev` ¸iæZ¡ cvq êwk¦K Av‡jv‡K| †mme

RvqMvq †ewki fvM †¶‡Î AwZw_ nb GKRb †R¨ô mvsevw`K| whwb

`xN©w`b GB RvZxq Lei Kfvi K‡i‡Qb| Avi ’vbxq P¨v‡bj¸‡jv‡Z

Av‡jvPbv nq eo †Kv‡bv NUbv wb‡q| †mLv‡bI Av‡mb NUbvi m‡½

mswkøóiv| GB GKwU RvqMv Av‡Q †hLv‡b KL‡bv-KL‡bv ivRbxwZKiv

Av‡mb| miKv‡ii bxwZ wb‡q K_v nIqvi ìKvi hw` nq, Zvn‡jB

†Kej ivRbxwZKiv Av‡mb| wZwb Zvi `‡ji `„wó‡KvY †_‡K e¨vL¨v

K‡ib welqwU| mgv‡jvPbv K‡ib we‡ivaxc‡¶i| Gic‡i Av‡m

bvBU‡kv| iv‡Zi †kv¸‡jvI †ewki fvM †kvweR †Kw›`ªK| Z‡e

†mLv‡b K_v nq ZviKvi e¨w³MZ Rxebhvcb, Kv‡Ri AwfÁZv

wb‡q| GLv‡b Ab¨vb¨ †¶‡Îi †mwj‡eªwUivI Av‡mb| K_v e‡jb cÖvq

GKB iKg| my‡hvM _vK‡j GKUz cvidg©I K‡i †`Lvb| me wgwj‡q

†kvÕwU n‡q I‡V AZ¨šÍ RgRgvU|

Z‡e Av‡gwiKv Ges weª‡U‡bi †Uwjwfkb¸‡jv‡Z mvßvwnK wKQz

UK‡kv Av‡Q | G¸‡jv g~jZ Zv‡ì ivR‰bwZK †kv| GLv‡b Av‡mb

ivR‰bwZK we‡kølKiv| K_v e‡jb miKv‡ii KvR wb‡q| †mLv‡b

we‡ivaxc¶ †hgb _v‡Kb, _v‡Kb miKvic¶I| g~jZ miKvic¶

†evSv‡bvi †Póv K‡ib †Kb GB KvRwU Kiv A_ev †Kb Zv nqwb|

GLv‡b miKv‡ii Revew`wnZvI _v‡K| Avevi myôz nq we‡ivax‡ì

`vwqZ¡ cvjbI| GKB m‡½ `k©‡Ki Kv‡QI `yÕc‡¶i f‚wgKv cwi®‹vi

n‡q hvq| GLb GB Ae ’vi m‡½ Avgv‡ì †`‡ki UK‡kv¸‡jvi PwiÎ

wgwj‡q †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i| Avgv‡ì †`‡k mKvj- ycyi-ivZ me

mg‡qi Av‡jvPbv ivRbxwZ wb‡q| mKv‡ji †kv¸‡jv‡ZI GKRb

†kvwe‡Ri gvbyl GK ch©v‡q ivRbxwZ wb‡q K_v ej‡Z ïiæ K‡ib|

Avi ivRbxwZ wb‡q K_v ej‡Z wM‡q GKUv c¶ wb‡q †d‡jb|

mgm¨vUv Avm‡j GLv‡bB| GKUv c¶ †bqv| Avgv‡ì

GLbKvi †Uwjwfk‡b hZ UK‡kv Av‡Q me¸‡jv‡ZB †Póv Kiv nq

GKwU we‡kl welq a‡i Av‡jvPbvi| nq‡Zv ïiæI nq| wKš‘ GK

ch©v‡q cwi®‹vi `yBfvM n‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| †KD Kv‡iv

hyw³ gv‡bb bv| weZK© Pj‡ZB _v‡K| GK ch©v‡q mgq †kl nq|

Dc ’vcK e‡jb, ÔGB weZK© Pj‡eB| `k©K G wb‡q wbðqB Avgiv

Avevi Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Abyôv‡b K_v eje| Avgv‡ì mgq †kl|Õ

Gfv‡eB Pj‡Q Avgv‡ì UK‡kv| GiBg‡a¨ Av‡jvPK wba©viY n‡q

†M‡Q| †K, Kx wb‡q K_v e‡jb ZvI †gvUvgywU wbwðZ| †Uwjwfkb

KZ©…c¶I Rv‡bb †Kvb& wel‡q Kv‡ì WvK‡Z n‡e| Kv‡ì WvK‡j

SMovUv Rg‡e| †Uwjwfkb KZ©…c‡¶i AvPi‡Y g‡b nq †Kv‡bv

wel‡qi mgvavb †ei Kiv Zvi j¶¨ bq, g~j j¶¨ GKUv RgRgvU

weZK© Kiv| GLvbKvi g~j cY¨ `yÕc‡¶i SMov| †Uwjwfkb

KZ©…c‡¶i K_v hLb DVjB ZLb Avgv‡ì UK‡kvÕi Dc¯’vcK‡ì

K_v bv ej‡jB bq| GLb we‡`wk Dc ’vcK‡ì K_v ev` w`‡q

Avgv‡ì †`wk Dc¯’vcK‡ì‡KI D`vniY wn‡m‡e Uvbv †h‡Z cv‡i|

evsjv‡`k †Uwjwfk‡bB GKmgq bv›`wbK UK‡kv n‡Zv| gš¿gy‡»i

g‡Zv `k©K †`LZ †mB UK‡kv| me †kl Avwg g‡b Ki‡Z cvwi,

beŸB‡qi `k‡Ki wewUwfÕi Ômwebq Rvb‡Z PvBÕ Ges Ôgy‡LvgywLÕ

bv‡g `yÕwU ivR‰bwZK †kv‡qi K_v| †mLv‡b mec¶B Ask wbZ| ïay

Dc ’vc‡Ki ¸‡YB †MvUv †kvwUB n‡q DV‡Zv me©Rbxb| KviY

†mLv‡b hviv Av‡jvPK wQ‡jb AvR‡Ki Av‡jvPKI g~jZ ZvivB|

GLb Lye ¯vfvweKfv‡eB cÖkœ DV‡Z cv‡iÑ Zvn‡j GLbKvi

†kv¸‡jv‡K †Kb gvbyl MYgyLx fve‡Q bv? DËi GKB| Av‡jvPK‡ì

†h mgm¨v GKB mgm¨v †ewki fvM Dc¯’vc‡Ki| KviY wZwbI Pvb

†kvÕUv‡K GKUv we‡kl weZ‡K©i w`‡K †U‡b wb‡Z| G‡Z †Kv‡bv

mgm¨v †bB| mgm¨v nq ZLbB hLb ’~jZvi Avkªq wb‡Z nq|

Zuv‡KI Av‡jvP‡Ki g‡Zv AvµgY K‡i cÖkœ Ki‡Z nq,

A‡hŠw³Kfv‡e _vwg‡q w`‡Z nq Av‡jvPK‡ì| `ÿZvi mv‡_ G

KvRwU Zv‡K Ki‡Z nq| ZvB whwb hZ m~²fv‡e KvRwU K‡ib wZwb

ZZ fv‡jv Dc ’vcK wn‡m‡e `k©‡Ki Kv‡Q ¯’vb cvb| AwcÖq n‡jI

mwZ¨, Avgv‡ì †`‡k GLb Ggb Dc¯’vc‡Ki msL¨v Lye †ewk bq|

nv‡Z‡Mvbv ej‡jI fzj n‡e bv|

GZ K_v ejjvg, GK jvB‡b Avgv‡ì UK‡kvÕi mgm¨v Kx †mUv

†ei Kiv hvq| GB Av‡jvPbvi ci hw` ewj g~j mgm¨v c¶cvwZZ¡|

Zvn‡j †evanq GKUv wm×všÍ nq| Avm‡j MYgva¨‡gi Kv‡Q gvbyl

wbi‡c¶Zv PvqÑ Zv wZwb †h g‡Zi ev c‡_iB †nvb| hw` †Kv‡bv gZ

`k©‡Ki wb‡Ri g‡Zi m‡½ †g‡jI Zvic‡iI `k©K †mB wbi‡c¶Zv

nviv‡bvi welqwU cQ›` K‡ib bv| G Kvi‡Y Avgv‡ì UK‡kv wb‡q

GZ †bwZevPK K_v|

mvsevw`KZvi ïiæ‡ZB gyiweŸ‡ì Kv‡Q wk‡LwQjvgÑ msev‡ì

g~j welq mZZv, wbi‡c¶Zv Ges e ‘wbôZv| Le‡i GB wZb wRwbm

_vK‡ZB n‡e| GLbKvi Dcjwä n‡”QÑ MYgva¨‡g hvB cÖPvi †nvK

†mLv‡bI _vK‡Z n‡e GB wZb wRwbm| Avgiv Le‡i †hgb mevi

K_v e‡j GKUv me©Rbxb cwi‡ek m„wói †Póv Kwi GLv‡bI †ZgbUv

Kiv Riæwi| †m †Póv †h nq bv Zv wKš‘ ejwQ bv| †m †Póv nq Ges

n‡”Q| wKš‘ Av‡jvPKiv Zv‡ì Av‡jvPbv Ggb RvqMvq wb‡q hv‡”Qb

†hLv‡b Av‡iv Abyl½ wg‡k, bó n‡”Q cwi‡ek|

GLv‡b UK‡kv‡K KvVv‡gve× Kivi Rb¨ msev‡ì wZb KvVv‡gv

Qvov Avi †Kv‡bv A ¿I †`LwQ bv| MYgva¨g¸‡jv ïay msev‡ì

†¶‡ÎB wbi‡c¶ PwiÎ a‡i ivL‡e Avi Av‡jvPbv Abyôv‡b †mB PwiÎ

bó n‡eÑ †mUv LyeB nZvkvi K_v| GRb¨ cÖ_g ìKvi GKRb `¶

Dc ’vcK| hw` msev`wfwËK UK‡kv nq Zvn‡j Aek¨B Lei wb‡q

KvR K‡ib Ggb gvby‡liB Avmv DwPZ Dc ’vcbvq| Avi Av‡jvPKI

wba©viY Kiv ìKvi mvsevw`KZvq AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K|

Av‡jvPKMY‡K g‡b ivLv ìKvi †h, gv‡Vi e³…Zv Avi MYgva¨‡g

K_v ejvi aib GK bq| hviv †mUv cv‡ib bv wbi‡c¶Zvi ¯v‡_©

Zv‡ì †_‡K `~‡iB _vKv DwPZ MYgva¨‡gi|

†jLK: evZ©v m¤cv`K, GKvËi †Uwjwfkb

wbix¶v

15

16

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UK‡kv :

Avw` †_‡K

A`¨

W. Kvgiyj nK

UK‡kvÑ †Uwjwfkb `k©K-†kÖvZv‡ì Kv‡Q

cwiwPZ Abyôvb| evsjv‡`‡ki cÖvq me

†Uwjwfkb P¨v‡b‡jB UK‡kv cÖPvwiZ nq|

wewfbœ bv‡g, wewfbœ wel‡q, bvbv Avw½‡K|

†Uwjwfkb UK‡kvÕi cwiwPwZi MwÐ

evsjv‡`‡k GLb e¨vcK| kni-MÖvg

meLv‡bB| †Uwjwfkb `k©K-†kÖvZv‡ì

eo GKwU Ask wbqwgZ UK‡kv †`‡Lb|

†ek AvMÖn wb‡qB †`‡Lb| †Uwjwfkb

†m‡Ui mvg‡b em‡j A‡bK `k©K-

†kÖvZviB nv‡Zi AvOzj wb‡Ri ARv‡šÍ

wi‡gv‡U ªæZ LyuR‡Z _v‡K UK‡kv|

A‡b‡Ki Avevi we‡kl †Kv‡bv †Uwjwfkb

P¨v‡b‡ji wbw`©ó †Kv‡bv UK‡kvÕi cÖwZ

_v‡K AvMÖn I AbvMÖn|

UK‡kv wbtm‡›`‡n eZ©gvb mg‡qi

RbwcÖq †Uwjwfkb Abyôvb| Z‡e RbwcÖq

n‡jI UK‡kv wb‡q `k©K-†kÖvZv‡ì g‡a¨

Av‡jvPbv-mgv‡jvPbviI †kl †bB| hviv

UK‡kvÕi KwVb mgv‡jvPK, UK‡kv‡K

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1.1.1 gyL¨ D‡Ïk¨: `k©K-†kªvZvi cÖZ¨vkv wPwýZ Kiv|

ZvrÿwYK D‡Ïk¨: GB j‡ÿ¨ †cuŠQ‡Z †h D‡Ïk¨mg~n mdjfv‡e

m¤úbœ Kiv Riæwi Zv wbgœiƒc -

1. UK‡kv¸‡jvi cwiKíbv I web¨vm ch©‡e¶Y Kiv|

2. UK‡kv¸‡jv wk¶v`vb, m‡PZbZv m„wó, we‡bv`b cÖ vb I cÖfve

we Ív‡ii †ÿ‡Î f~wgKv ivL‡Q wK-bv Zv Rvbv|

3. `k©K wK AbyôvbwUi cÖwZ †gvnvweó bv-wK Dcw ’Z gyn~‡Z© fv‡jv

jvM‡Q e‡j Zv †`L‡Qb|

4. hw` `k©©K AbyôvbwUi cÖwZ AvKl©Y‡eva K‡i _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j Zvi

†cQ‡b wµqvkxj KviY¸‡jv Kx-Kx †m¸‡jv †ei Kiv|

5. hw` `k©©K AbyôvbwUi cÖwZ AvKl©Y‡eva bv K‡i _v‡Kb, Zvn‡j

Zvi †cQ‡b wµqvkxj KviY¸‡jv Kx-Kx †m¸‡jv Luy‡R †ei Kiv|

6. Abyôvb cQ›` Kivi †ÿ‡Î `k©K H Abyôv‡bi gvb w`‡q KZLvwb

cÖfvweZ nb Zv Rvbv|

7. AbyôvbwU Kvh©Ki K‡i †Zvjvi Rb¨ Abyôvb wbg©vZv `k©K‡ì

wdWe¨vK hvPvB K‡i wK-bv|

8. Av_©-mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK AMÖMwZi/A‡avMwZi †ÿ‡Î KZUzKz

f~wgKv ivL‡Q Zv Rvbv|

9. `k©K-†kªvZvi cÖZ¨vkv Rvbvi †Póv Kiv|

2. ZvwË¡K †cÖÿvcU I BwZnvm

mvaviYfv‡e ejv hvq ÔUK‡kvÕ n‡”Q †hvMv‡hvM ixwZi AvaywbK

wkígva¨g| Gi dig¨vUUv Ggb- GKRb mÂvjK _v‡Kb Avi GK ev

GKvwaK welq we‡klÁ A_ev wewkó AwZw_ (feature guests), A_ev

Av‡e`bgqx ZviKv (feature celebrity) _v‡Kb whwb ev hviv mswkøó

wel‡qi Ici A_ev e¨w³ RxebvPvi, Kg©KvÐ A_ev AwfÁZv mÂvj‡Ki

gva¨‡g RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q †cŠu‡Q †`b| †Kv‡bv-†Kv‡bv UK‡kv Abyôv‡b Avevi

mÂvjK †dv‡bi gva¨‡g `k©K-†kªvZvi cÖkœ ev cÖZ¨vkv mivmwi MÖnY K‡i

AwZw_‡ì gva¨‡g Zvi cÖZ¨vkv c~iY ev Zvi mgm¨v mgvav‡bi c_ e‡j

†`b ev H `k©K-†kªvZvi gva¨‡g RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q‡`b| ejv hvq, GB

Abyôvb mywbw`©ó welq Dc ’vc‡bi gva¨‡g RbM‡Yi mv‡_ mivmwi

†hvMv‡hvM ’vcb K‡i Zv‡ì g‡bvfve cwieZ©‡bi †Póv K‡i|

†ivwKqvnÕi g‡Z -Ôg‡bvfve n‡”Q Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e GKUv e¯‘ ev

cwiw ’wZ m¤ú‡K© wek¦vm ev aviYvi w ’wZkxj msMVb hv GKRb‡K

cÿcvZg~jKfv‡e mvov †`qvi e¨vcv‡i Av‡M †_‡K ˆZwi K‡i iv‡L|

g‡bvfve cwieZ©b‡K ZvB cÖvKgvbm -cwi‡ek (Predisposition)

cwieZ©b ej‡Z nq hv bvbv wek¦v‡mi MVb I KvVv‡gvi GKUv cwieZ©b

wKsev g‡bvfve MV‡b cÖweó GK ev GKvwaK wek¦v‡mi welqe¯‘MZ

cwieZ©‡bi kvwgj|Õ

1

Av‡iv ejv hvq, g‡bvfve n‡jv Ôga¨ ’ GK PjK

(variable) hv DÏxcb I mvovi g‡a¨ KvR K‡i Ges cÖKvk¨ AvPiY

†_‡KB a‡i †bqv nq|Õ

2

ejv hvq, UK‡kv †hvMv‡hvM wµqvi wbf©ikxj

PjK (dependable variable) wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|

GbmvB‡K¬v‡cwWqv DBwK‡cwWqv Abymv‡i UK‡kv n‡”Q †Uwjwfkb

A_ev †iwWIÕi Ggb GKwU Abyôvb †hLv‡b GK ev GKvwaK e¨w³

mÂvj‡Ki gva¨‡g wewfbœ wel‡qi Ici Av‡jvPbv K‡i|

3

wgwWqvZË¡we` †ivbvì evig¨vb (Ronald Berman) Gi g‡Z,

UK‡kv gvbexq AwfÁZvi AZ¨šÍ mycwiwPZ Ges RwUj welq m¤ú‡K©

Av‡jvKcvZ Kivi ga¨ w`‡q Kv‡iv g‡bvfv‡ei cwieZ©b NUv‡Z cv‡i|

4

wZwb Av‡iv g‡b K‡ib, GwU mvgvwRK cwieZ©‡bi m~PK (Indicators)5hv A¨vj‡Kvnj, WªvM, †hŠbvPvi, a~gcv‡bi g‡Zv mvgvwRK e¨vwa¸‡jvi

Ae ’v ev Ae ’vb wb‡`©k Ki‡Z cv‡i| A_©vr †gŠwjK cÖvK-hvPvB‡qi ga¨

w`‡q wbqwš¿Z/Awbqwš¿Z A_ev GKvwaK A_© cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i| hw`

GUv Dcv`vb¸‡jv‡K wewfbœ K¨vUvMwi‡Z cÖ k©b K‡i Zvn‡j eyS‡Z n‡e,

UK‡kv cwieZ©‡bi evnK wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Q| A_©vr UK‡kv mvgvwRK

g~j¨‡ev‡ai gvcKvwV ¯iƒc|

6

UK‡kvÕi BwZnvm †_‡K Rvbv hvq, 1950 mv‡j Avqvij¨v‡Û UK‡kv

AbyôvbwU ïiæ nq †hLv‡b me‡P‡q `xN©mgq a‡i Pjv UK‡kvÕi bvg -

ÔThe Late Late ShowÕ. mgmvgwqK mg‡q Av‡iv GKwU UK‡kv

wbDBq‡K© AvÂwjKfv‡e ïiæ n‡qwQj ÔThe Tonight ShowÕ hv

mÂvjK wQ‡jb w÷f A¨v‡jb (Steve Allen)| GwU wQj †jU bvBU

UK‡kv hv 1954 mv‡ji w`‡K RbwcÖq n‡q I‡V| GB †jU bvBU ÔUK‡kv

Õi cw_K…r wQ‡jb w÷f A¨v‡jb| wZwbB AbyôvbwUi cwiKíbv, ZviKv

mvÿvrKvi, `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY, K‡gwW weU (Comedy bit),wgDwRK, ÷zwWIÕi evB‡i ïwUsmn mÂvj‡Ki `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib|

1950 Gi mg‡q Av‡iv GK ai‡bi UK‡kv A_©vr wUwf wbDR UK‡kv

ïiæ nq| hvi cw_K…r A¨vWIqvW© Avi gy‡iv (Edward R. Murrow)|

GB AbyôvbwU Ggb wUwf msev‡ì gv‡S mswkøó wel‡q AwfÁ e¨w³‡K

mivmwi wbDR c¨v‡b‡j ewm‡q mvÿvrKvi MÖnY Kiv| Rvbv hvq, UK‡kv

AbyôvbwU Av‡gwiKvq cÖ_g m¤cÖPvwiZ nq 1951 mv‡j WweøD‡R‡RW

(WJZ) wUwf P¨v‡b‡j hvi mÂvjK wQ‡jb †Rv d«v¼wjb (JoeFranklin)| 1970 Gi gaëZ©x mg‡q wmwÛ‡K‡UW Ô†WBwj UK‡kv Õ

bvgK UK‡kv RbwcÖqZv †c‡Z _v‡K hv cieZ©x‡Z ÔU¨vej‡qW UK‡kv Õ

bv‡g cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i| 1960 †_‡K 1970 Gi gvSvgvwS mg‡q

†Ljvayjvi Ici Ôgwb©s UK‡kv Õ ïiæ nq| cieZ©x‡Z UK‡kvÕi AvwacZ¨

wek¦e¨vcx GgbUvB jvf K‡i †h wKQz wUwf P¨v‡bj ïayB UK‡kv-Gi Ici

M‡o I‡V| eZ©gv‡b ÔB›Uvi‡bU †iwWIÕ ev ÔB›Uvi‡bU eøMÕ dig¨v‡U

UK‡kv cÖPvwiZ n‡”Q| g~jZ Av‡gwiKvb I A‡÷ªwjqvb‡ì fvlvq †h

Abyôvb‡K UK‡kv (Talk Show) e‡j weªwUkiv Zv‡K e‡j ÔP¨vU †kvÕ

(Chat Show)|

Av‡iv Rvbv hvq, †cvj¨v‡Ûi cvI‡qj KZzwjw¯‹ (PawelKotulinski) 2007 mv‡ji 27 A_ev 28†k A‡±vei Zvwi‡L 40 NÈvi

`xN© UK‡kv K‡i c~‡e©i me †iKW© †f‡O bZzb wM‡bR ey‡R Iqvì© †iKW©

m„wó K‡ib| Rvcv‡bi weL¨vZ UK‡kv ÔTooku bangumiÕ GwU

RvcvwbR fvlvq wbwg©Z Ges w`‡bi 30% cÖvBg UvB‡g PviwU cÖavb

†Uwjwfk‡b cÖPvwiZ nq| fvlv Ges ms¯‹…wZi wfbœZvi Kvi‡Y RvcvwbR

wUwf †÷kb¸‡jv mn‡R wmwÛ‡K‡UW †cÖvMÖv‡g †h‡Z cv‡iwb, we‡kl K‡i

BD‡ivc I DËi Av‡gwiKvq| Zv‡ì Abyôvb¸‡jv c¨v‡bj AvKv‡i

wbwg©Z| RvcvwbR c¨v‡bj‡kv¸‡jv ¯Zš¿ c¨v‡bj wj÷ AbymiY K‡i bv|

Zviv cÖwZwU Abyôv‡b Avjv`v-Avjv`v wd«j¨vÝ K‡gwWqvb I ZviKv‡ì

Avgš¿Y Rvwb‡q _v‡K| GB Abyôvb¸‡jv Dcv`vb wbf©i †hgb -

AwZw_‡ì GKRb _v‡Kb whwb I‡q÷vb© KvjPvi Zz‡j a‡ib|

ZvBIqv‡bi UK‡kv¸‡jvI Rvcv‡bi g‡ZvB wewfbœ Dcv`vb enb K‡i|

cÖwZwU Abyôv‡b GKRb Av‡e`bgqx ZviKv _v‡Kb Ges Abyôvb¸‡jv

K‡gwWK e¨vbUvwis (Comedic bantering), wgDwRK¨vj Ges U¨v‡j›U

Dc ’vcbvq cÖk¯Í Gwb‡g‡UW w¯Œ‡b †U·U I wfRy¨qvwj wbwg©Z nq| GB

Abyôvb¸‡jvi Rb¨ Avjv`v †jLK _v‡K|

evsjv‡`‡k UK‡kvÕi BwZnvm mv¤cÖwZKKv‡ji| GLb †h dig¨v‡U

UK‡kv AbywôZ n‡”Q GKmgq GB dig¨v‡U ÔAv‡jvPbv AbyôvbÕ cÖPvwiZ

n‡Zv wewUwfÕ‡Z| Z‡e G BwZnvmI †ewk Av‡Mi bq| Rvbv hvq, 1990

mv‡j cÖ_g ÔAwfgZÕ bv‡g GKwU Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb (UK‡kv dig¨v‡U)

evsjv‡`k †Uwjwfk‡b cÖPvi ïiæ nq| Z‡e mÂvjK gynv¤§` Rvnv½x‡ii

†jLv †_‡K Rvbv hvq GB AbyôvbwU ïiæ n‡qwQj 1978 mv‡j ÔAvcwb Kx

fve‡Qb ?Õ wk‡ivbv‡g| AbyôvbwU wZbwU ch©v‡q cÖPvwiZ n‡q eÜ n‡q hvq

hv cieZ©x 1990 mv‡j cybivq ÔAwfgZÕ bvg wb‡q hvÎv ïiæ K‡i| ZLb

`yB ai‡bi Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb cÖPvwiZ n‡Zv| cÖ_gZ wewfbœ wèm‡K †K› ª

K‡i gš¿Yvjq KZ©©„K Avw`ó Abyôvb| GB Abyôvb¸‡jv mvaviYfv‡e bxim

I AbvKl©Yxq wQj| wØZxqZ Av‡jvPbv‡K cÖavb K‡i cwiKwíZ wbqwgZ

Abyôvb hv UK‡kv Abyôvb auv‡Pi| G ai‡bi Abyôvb¸‡jv n‡jv: Ôc`‡ÿcÕ,

Avcwb Kx fve‡Qb ?Õ, ÔgZvgZÕ, Ôgy³avivÕ, ÔZviæY¨Õ, ÔmgKvjÕ, ÔwewPšÍvÕ,

ÔgvbwPÎÕ BZ¨vw`| Abyôvb¸‡jv Av‡jvPbvag©x wKš‘ Lye KÆi ev bxim

fw½‡Z ˆZwi n‡Zv| Av‡Mi Av‡jvPbv †h memgq bxim n‡q‡Q ZvI ejv

hv‡e bv| Abyôvb¸‡jv wQj gbbkxj| Av‡iv Rvbv hvq, Abyôvb¸‡jvi g‡a¨

ïay ÔAwfgZÕ Abyôv‡b `k©K-†kªvZv †Uwj‡dv‡bi gva¨‡g mivmwi Zv‡ì

gZvgZ Rvbvevi my‡hvM †c‡Zb| hv eZ©gv‡b AwaKvsk UK‡kv Abyôv‡b

`k©K-†kªvZv GB my‡hvM †c‡q _v‡Kb| ZLb Aek¨ †Uwjwfkb P¨v‡bj wQj

GKwU| 1992 mv‡j m¨v‡UjvBU P¨v‡bj Avmvi ci UK‡kvÕi AvwaK¨ e„w×

†c‡q‡Q| MZ cvuP eQ‡i Gi msL¨v †e‡o wZb¸Y n‡q‡Q| Gi ai‡bI bvbv

gvÎv †c‡q‡Q †hgb - ivR‰bwZK, bvix, msev`, ¯v ’ , Av‡jvwKZ e¨w³i

Ici, iƒcPP©v, mvgvwRK mgm¨v, ZviKv, ag©, A_©bxwZ BZ¨vw`|

wbix¶v

19

evsjv‡`‡ki †emiKvwi †Uwjwfkb¸‡jvi g‡a¨ GKz‡k †Uwjwfkb

cÖ_g †`‡k †ckv`vwi †Uwjwfkb msev` I mgmvgwqK NUbvejxi Abyôvb

m¤cÖPvi ïiæ K‡i| UK‡kv Av`‡j cÖ_g cwi‡ekbv ÔcÖwZ‡e`bÕ

wk‡ivbv‡gi G AbyôvbwU‡Z mßv‡ni Av‡jvwPZ msev`wU wb‡q GKwU

cÖwZ‡e`b Dc¯’vwcZ n‡Zv Gici †m wel‡q mswkøó GKRb AwZw_i mv‡_

Av‡jvPbv n‡Zv| mvsevw`K Av‡e` Lv‡bi mÂvjbvq Abyôv‡bi †ewki fvM

c‡e© ivRbxwZB m½Z Kvi‡Y ¯’vb †c‡Zv| cieZ©x‡Z GB Abyôv‡b

AwZw_i msL¨v †e‡o yÕRb nq Ges †ewki fvM mgq `yB cÖavb

ivR‰bwZK `‡ji `yÕRb ivRbxwZK Dcw ’Z _vK‡Zb| Z‡e GB P¨v‡b‡ji

cÖ_g wbqwgZ UK‡kv Abyôvb ÔAvR‡Ki cwÎKvqÕ hvi mÂvjK wQ‡jb

gb&Ryiæj Avnmvb eyjeyj I mvwgqv Rvgvb| w`‡bi msev`cÎ¸‡jvi

cÖavb-cÖavb Lei¸‡jv wb‡q GKRb wmwbqi mvsevw`‡Ki mv‡_

we‡kølYg~jK Av‡jvPbv n‡Zv G‡Z| GwUB Avm‡j evsjv‡`‡ki †Uwjwfkb

BwZnv‡m msev`cÎ wb‡q cÖ_g cÖwZw`bKvi UK‡kv| AbyôvbwU `ªæZB

msev` ch©v‡jvPbv I mgmvgwqK wel‡q we‡kølYg~jK Av‡jvPbvq RbwcÖq

n‡q I‡V Ges msev` cÖPv‡ii mv‡_ mv‡_ gZvgZ cÖKv‡kiI my‡hvM m„wó

nq|

MZ 20 eQ‡i P¨v‡bj¸‡jv †hme UK‡kv cÖPvi Ki‡Q Zvi g‡a¨ n‡jv

Z…Zxq gvÎv, wgU `¨ †cÖm, AvR‡Ki msev`cÎ, †Uwj‡cÖmwµckb, GK‡Uj

mvdK_v, MÖvgxY‡dvb †Uwjmgq, Avgvi Avwg, GwUGb ivbœvNi, my ’ _vKzb,

wjW wbDR BZ¨vw`| `k©‡Ki AvMÖ‡ni K_v gv_vq †i‡L Avevi wcK

AvIqv‡iI UK‡kv cybtcÖPvi n‡”Q| Av‡jvwKZ gvbyl‡ì wb‡q P¨v‡bj

AvB‡qi we‡kl UK‡kv ÔAv‡jvq fzeb fivÕ hvi Dc¯’vcbv Ki‡Qb Avjx

hv‡Ki| wbR-wbR †ÿ‡Îi Av‡jvwKZ gvbyl‡ì m‡½ †Lvjv‡gjv

Av‡jvPbvq Zv‡ì e¨w³MZ mvd‡jï cwiµgvi cvkvcvwk G Abyôv‡b

D‡V Av‡m mgKvjxb wewfbœ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wel‡q Zv‡ì mywPwšÍZ gZvgZ hv

cieZ©x cÖRb¥‡K Av‡jvi c_ †`Lv‡e| P¨v‡bj AvB‡qi Av‡iv GKwU

we‡kl UK‡kv ÔMÖvgxY‡dvb bvix I ivRbxwZÕ| G AbyôvbwU Dc ’vcbv

K‡ib mviv hv‡Ki| wbev©Pb‡K mvg‡b †i‡L bvixi m‡PZbZv e„w× G

Abyôv‡bi jÿ¨| dvêybx nvwg` GwUGb evsjvq Dc ’vcbv K‡ib mdj

bvix‡ì Rxebx wb‡q UK‡kv ÔbvixÕ| bvixi RvMi‡Yi Rb¨ mKj bvixi

Kg©gq Rxe‡bi K_vB G Abyôv‡bi welq| eZ©gvb ivRbxwZ I fwel¨r

wb‡q gvgybyi ikx‡ì Dc ’vcbvq evsjvwfk‡b cÖPvwiZ n‡”Q UK‡kv Ômgq

I AmgqÕ| GKB P¨v‡b‡j Awc Kwig Dc ’vcbv K‡ib ZviKv AvÇvi

Abyôvb ÔAvgvi AvwgÕ| kgx Kvqmv‡ii Dc¯’vcbvq GbwUwfÕi UK‡kv

ÔRwqZvi RqhvÎvÕ| bvixi e¨w³MZ, cvwievwiK I mvgvwRK Rxe‡bi

wewfbœ w`K Ges eZ©gvb †cÖÿvc‡U bvixi c_Pjv, Zv‡ì Kg© ’j, wewfbœ

mgm¨v I Zv‡ì mvdj¨ wb‡q mvRv‡bv n‡”Q G Abyôvb| Avi Icvi

evsjvi cÖavb ZviKv‡ì m‡½ AvÇv wb‡q wbgv ingvb AviwUwfÕ‡Z

Dc ’vcbv Ki‡Qb UK‡kv ÔAvwg, Zzwg Avi ...Õ| Bg`v`yj nK wgjb

GbwUwfÕ‡Z Dc ’vcbv K‡ib UK‡kv ÔKx K_v Zvnvi mv‡_Õ| ZviKviv

Dc ’vcbvi cvkvcvwk wewfbœ Abyôv‡b wbqwgZ AwZw_ n‡”Qb| ÔGLbB

mgqÕ, ÔwmwU‡mj ZviKv K_bÕ, ÔiƒcvšÍiÕ cÖf…wZ UK‡kvÕ‡Z wbqwgZ

ZviKv Dcw¯’wZ _v‡K|

3. UK‡kv m¤úwK©Z cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨mg~n

bgybvwqZ P¨v‡bj¸‡jv‡Z wewUwf 3wU wk‡ivbv‡g, P¨v‡bj AvB 12wU

wk‡ivbv‡g, êkvLx wUwf 5wU wk‡ivbv‡g, Avi wUwf 4wU wk‡ivbv‡g,

evsjvwfkb 10wU wk‡ivbv‡g, w`MšÍ wUwf 5wU wk‡ivbv‡g, GKz‡k wUwf 6wU

wk‡ivbv‡g, †`k wUwf 3wU wk‡ivbv‡g, BwÛ‡c‡Û›U wUwf 2wU wk‡ivbv‡g,

GKvËi †Uwjwfkb 2wU wk‡ivbv‡g Avi GwUGb wbDR 4wU wk‡ivbv‡g †gvU

56 (Qvàvbœ)wU Abyôvb‡K me©‡gvU wk‡ivbvg Abyôvb e‡j aviYv Kiv hvq|

DwjøwLZ 56 (Qvàvbœ) wU wk‡ivbvg wewkó UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi cÖwZwUi

GKwU‡K bgybv Abyôvb wn‡m‡e we‡ePbvq wb‡q Av‡aq ch©‡eÿY, wbg©vZv

I AwZw_‡ì mvÿvrKvi Ges Rwi‡ci gva¨‡g cÖvß Z_¨-DcvË‡K

†Uwe‡ji gva¨‡g Dc ’vcb I we‡kølY Kiv nq| cÖ_‡g Abyôvb¸‡jv

m¤ú‡K© mswÿß cwiPq A_©vr AbyôvbwU K‡e †_‡K ïiæ n‡q‡Q, AbyôvbwUi

welqe¯‘, Kviv Avgwš¿Z AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb, AbyôvbwU

ˆ`wbK/mvßvwnK/cvwÿK bv gvwmK BZ¨vw` Z_¨ Zz‡j aiv n‡jv:

3.1 evsjv‡`k †Uwjwfkb

3.1.1 Zbygb (00.11.2011): bvixi ¯v ’ I Dbœqb wel‡q we‡klÁ

gZvgZmn Av‡jvPbv I mgvavb RvZxq Abyôvb| bvix we‡klÁ,

Wv³vi I mgvR‡mex AwZw_ n‡q Ask †bb G Abyôv‡b| GwU

mvßvwnK Abyôvb|

3.1.2 Lei cÖwZw`b (31.12.2010): GwU msev` we‡kølYg~jK

Abyôvb| wewkó mvsevw`K Ges msev`cÎ we‡klÁ I msev`

we‡kølKMY G Abyôv‡b AwZw_ wn‡m‡e AskMÖnY K‡i _v‡Kb|

GwU GKwU ˆ`wbK Abyôvb|

3.1.3 gv I wkïi K_v (02.04.2009): bvix I wkïi ¯v¯’ wel‡q

we‡klÁ gZvgZmn Av‡jvPbv I mgvavb RvZxq Abyôvb| g~jZ

bvix I wkï we‡klÁ, Wv³vi I mgvR‡mex AwZw_ n‡q Ask

†bb| G AbyôvbwU mvßvwnKfv‡e cÖPvwiZ nq|

3.2 P¨v‡bj AvB

3.2.1 MÖvgxY‡dvb AvR‡Ki msev`cÎ (00.07.2005): msev`cÎ

we‡kølYg~jK Abyôvb| wewkó mvsevw`K, ivRbxwZK, msev`

we‡kølK, eyw×Rxexiv G Abyôv‡b AwZw_ n‡q Av‡mb| GwU ˆ`wbK

cÖPvwiZ Abyôvb|

3.2.2 Avgv‡ì Avqbv (00.00.00): mv¤cÖwZK wel‡q gy³

Av‡jvPbvwfwËK Abyôvb| mgv‡Ri wewfbœ †kªwYi welq we‡klÁ

e¨w³eM© GB Abyôv‡b Avgwš¿Z n‡q _v‡Kb| AbyôvbwU

mvßvwnKfv‡e cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.2.3 Z…ZxqgvÎv (17.07.2003): ivRbxwZ I mv¤cÖwZK wel‡q

Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| AwfÁ I RbwcÖq ivR‰bwZK e¨w³Z¡ G

Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb| GwUI ˆ`wbK cÖPvwiZ Abyôvb|

3.2.4 †Uwj‡cÖmwµckb (00.00.2005): ¯v ’ I wPwKrmv wel‡q

Av‡jvPbv I civgk©g~jK Abyôvb| we‡klÁ wPwKrmKMY G

Abyôv‡bi AwZw_| AbyôvbwU mvßvwnKfv‡e cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.2.5 ZviKvK_b (00.00.2003): †mwj‡eªwU ZviKv‡ì †ckv I

Rxebv‡jvPbv welqK Abyôvb| RbwcÖq ZviKviv Gi AwZw_ Ges

AbyôvbwU mßv‡n 6 w`b AbywôZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.2.6 †Uwjmgq (00.00.2005): mgmvgwqK, mvgvwRK I ivR‰bwZK

wel‡q we‡kølYg~jK I Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| GLv‡b AwZw_ nb

mgvR we‡klÁ, ivRbxwZK, eyw×Rxex BZ¨vw`| GwU mvßvwnK

Abyôvb|

3.2.7 †Kv_vq ùvwo‡q Avgiv (00.00.2010): ivR‰bwZK NUbvejx

m¤Üxq Abyôvb| ivRbxwZK, mgv‡Ri weÁRb G Abyôv‡b

Avgwš¿Z AwZw_ wn‡m‡e AskMÖnY K‡i _v‡Kb| GwU GKwU

AwbqwgZ Abyôvb|

3.2.8 msev`c‡Î evsjv‡`k (00.00.2009): cÖwZw`b msev`c‡Î

cÖKvwkZ msev` wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| mvsevw`K, msev`

we‡kølK, ivRbxwZK, eyw×Rxex BZ¨vw` e¨w³MY AwZw_ n‡q

_v‡Kb| ˆ`wbK cÖPvwiZ Abyôvb|

3.2.9 wewewm evsjv‡`k msjvc (00.00.2005): mgmvgwqK mvgvwRK

I ivR‰bwZK welqK Abyôvb| m‡PZb bvMwiK I we‡klÁ

e¨w³MY G Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ hv mvßvwnKfv‡e cÖPvwiZ nq|

3.2.10 U¨v· †níjvBb (00.00.2011): AvqKi, Kv÷gm, f¨vU

BZ¨vw` welqK Rbm‡PZbZvg~jK Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| AvqKi,

A_© I evwYR¨ wel‡q we‡klÁMY G Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ n‡q

_v‡Kb hv mvßvwnKfv‡e cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.2.11 Avwg gv n‡Z P‡jwQ (00.00.2012): Mf©eZx bvix‡ì wewfbœ

mgm¨v I ¯v¯’ wel‡q we‡klÁ gZvgZmn Av‡jvPbv I mgvavb

Abyôvb| AwfÁ Wv³viMY AwZw_ n‡q G‡Z Ask †bb| GwU

mvßvwnK Abyôvb|

3.2.12 †Lvjv AvKvk (00.00.2012): †mwj‡eªwU ZviKv I RbwcÖq

wgwWqv e¨w³Z¡‡ì †ckv I Rxebv‡jvPbv welqK Abyôvb| GwUI

AwbqwgZ Abyôvb|

20

wbix¶v

3.3 êkvLx wUwf

3.3.1 MÖvgxY‡dvb wR‡iv AvIqvi (00.01.2010): msev`c‡Îi msev`

I ivR‰bwZK wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| msev`cÎ-we‡kølK,

ivRbxwZK, eyw×Rxex Gi AwZw_| GwU ˆ`wbK cÖPvwiZ Abyôvb|

3.3.2 wi‡cvUvm© Wv‡qwi (00.01.2010): msev`c‡Î cÖKvwkZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©

NUbvi cÖwZ‡e`b wb‡q wi‡cvU©vi‡` gZvgZmn Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb|

GLv‡b †ckv`vi wi‡cvU©vi‡ì AwZw_ wn‡m‡e Avbv nq| G

AbyôvbwU mßv‡n 5 w`b cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.3.3 mvZKvnb (00.08.2010): mvgvwRK I mvs¯‹…wZK welq wb‡q

we‡klÁ gZvgZ I Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| wewfbœ mvs¯‹…wZK e¨w³Z¡

G Abyôv‡b AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb| GwU GKwU cvwÿK Abyôvb|

3.3.4 cvewjK B‡›U‡jKPzqvj (00.00.2012): ZiæY eyw×Rxex‡ì

AskMÖn‡Y †`k I ivR‰bwZK fvebv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb|

AwZw_ wn‡m‡e GKRb ZiæY eyw×Rxex Ask wb‡q _v‡Kb| GwU

GKwU mvßvwnK Abyôvb|

3.3.5 mivmwi Wv³vi (17.06.2010): ¯v ’ wel‡q Av‡jvPbv I

civgk©g~jK Abyôvb| AwfÁ wPwKrmKMY Gi AwZw_ hv mßv‡n

5 w`b cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.4 AviwUwf

3.4.1 wcÖq cÖv½Y AvIqvi †W‡gv‡µwm (00.00.2009): msev`c‡Îi

msev` I ivR‰bwZK wel‡q we‡klÁ gZvgZ I Av‡jvPbv

Abyôvb| ivRbxwZK I msev`-we‡kølK AwZw_ wn‡m‡e AskMÖnY

K‡i _v‡Kb| GwU mßv‡n 5 w`b cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.4.2 aªæc`x Kvwnbx (00.00.2007): †mwj‡eªwU ZviKv‡ì †ckv I

RxebvPvi m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| wewkó ZviKviv G

Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb| AbyôvbwU mvßvwnK AbywôZ nq|

3.4.3 iƒcK_v (00.00.2011): GwU iƒcPP©v welqK UK‡kv Abyôvb|

iƒc we‡klÁ Ges ZviKviv G Abyôv‡b AwZw_ wn‡m‡e AskMÖnY

K‡i _v‡Kb| GwU mvßvwnK Abyôvb|

3.4.4 ZviKvjvc (00.00.2005): †mwj‡eªwU ZviKv‡ì †ckv I

RxebvPvi m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| wewkó ZviKviv GB

Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb| AbyôvbwU ˆ`wbK cÖPvwiZ nq|

3.5 evsjvwfkb

3.5.1 wWfvBb d«›UjvBb (01.11.2010): msev`c‡Îi msev` I

ivR‰bwZK wel‡q we‡klÁ gZvgZ I Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb|

ivRbxwZK I msev`-we‡kølK AwZw_ wn‡m‡e G‡Z AskMÖnY

K‡i _v‡Kb| GwU ˆ`wbK cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.5.2 AviG‡K wbDR A¨vÛ wfDR (01.10.2011): msev`c‡Îi

msev` I ivR‰bwZK wel‡q we‡klÁ gZvgZ I Av‡jvPbv

Abyôvb| ivRbxwZK I msev`-we‡kølK AwZw_ wn‡m‡e G‡Z

AskMÖnY K‡i _v‡Kb| GwU ˆ`wbK cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.5.3 jxRvb Avgvi Avwg (00.11.2007): †mwj‡eªwU ZviKv‡ì †ckv

I RxebvPvi m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| RbwcÖq wgwWqv e¨w³Z¡,

m½xZwkíx I ZviKviv G Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb| GwU

GKwU mvßvwnK Abyôvb|

3.5.4 Avwg GLb Kx Kie (13.12.2009): mvgvwRK-cvwievwiK Ges

e¨w³MZ mgm¨v I mgvavb wb‡q Av‡jvPbv I we‡klÁ

gZvgZg~jK Abyôvb| g‡bvweÁvbx, mgvR we‡klÁ, gvbwmK

¯v ’ we‡klÁ G Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ nb| AbyôvbwU mßv‡n 2 w`b

cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.5.5 fv‡jv _vKzb (26.07.2006): gvbwmK ¯v¯’ wel‡q Av‡jvPbv I

civgk©g~jK Abyôvb| AwfÁ wPwKrmKMY Gi AwZw_ hv mßv‡n

3 w`b cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.5.6 UK Ae `¨ DBK (00.00.2007): msev`c‡Îi msev` I


GKRb ivRbxwZK I msev`-we‡kølK AwZw_ wn‡m‡e AskMÖnY

K‡i _v‡Kb| GwU mvßvwnK cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.5.7 we‡Kvb dvg©v †nj_ Avc‡WU (00.00.2011): ¯v ’ wel‡q

Av‡jvPbv I civgk©g~jK Abyôvb| AwfÁ wPwKrmKMY Gi

AwZw_ hv ˆ`wbK cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.5.8 wecvkvi AwZw_ (00.05.2011): †mwj‡eªwU ZviKv‡ì †ckv I


Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb| GwU GKwU mvßvwnK Abyôvb|

3.5.9 †n‡bvjv· Kg‡cø·b wµg †mŠ›`h© K_v (00.00.2009): GwU

iƒcPP©v welqK UK‡kv Abyôvb| iƒc we‡klÁ Ges ZviKviv G

Abyôv‡b AwZw_ wn‡m‡e AskMÖnY K‡i _v‡Kb| GwU mvßvwnK

Abyôvb|

3.5.10 g‡bi K_v (01.11.2010): mvgvwRK Aciva welqK Av‡jvPbv

Abyôvb| mswkøó wel‡q Acivax, mswkøó wel‡q AwfÁ e¨w³,

cywjk ev i¨v‡ei EaŸ©Zb ev `vwqZ¡cÖvß Kg©KZ©vMY G Abyôv‡b

Avgwš¿Z AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb| GwU mvßvwnKfv‡e cÖPvwiZ nq|

3.6 w`MšÍ wUwf

3.6.1 wbDR Ae `¨ †W (28.08.2008): msev`c‡Îi msev` I


ivRbxwZK I msev`-we‡kølK AwZw_ wn‡m‡e G‡Z AskMÖnY

K‡i _v‡Kb| GwU ˆ`wbK cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.6.2 Av‡jv Qvqvi Avqbv (00.00.2009): Pjw”PÎ ZviKv‡ì †ckv

I RxebvPvi wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| †Kej Pjw”PÎ ZviKviv G

Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb| GwU mvßvwnK Abyôvb|

3.6.3 Avcb Lei (00.00.2010): †mwj‡eªwU ZviKv‡ì †ckv I


Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb| GwU GKwU mvßvwnK Abyôvb|

3.6.4 mevi Dc‡i †`k (00.00.2011): ivR‰bwZK wel‡q `k©K,

we‡klÁ gZvgZmn Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| ivRbxwZK, eyw×Rxex,

mvsevw`K BZ¨vw` we‡klÁ AwZw_ wn‡m‡e G‡Z Ask †bb| GwU

mvßvwnK Abyôvb|

3.6.5 wewea cÖm½ (00.00.2009): mgKvjxb welq A_©vr wkÿv, ag©

BZ¨vw` wel‡q we‡klÁ gZvgZmn Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb|

ivRbxwZK, eyw×Rxex, mvsevw`K AwZw_ wn‡m‡e G‡Z Ask †bb|

GwU mvßvwnK Abyôvb|

3.7 GKz‡k wUwf

3.7.1 GKz‡ki ivZ (00.01.2007): mgmvgwqK, ivR‰bwZK,

mvgvwRK, A_©‰bwZK welqmn †`‡ki bvbvwea NUbvejx wb‡q

Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| †`ke‡iY¨ Aa¨vcK, Wv³vi, A_©bxwZwe`,

mvsevw`K, AvBbRxex, ivRbxwZwe`mn bvbv †ckvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨

e¨w³eM© Avgwš¿Z AwZw_ wn‡m‡e G‡Z Ask †bb| GwU ˆ`wbK

Abyôvb|

3.7.2 †mvbvgwY my‡L Amy‡L (00.00.2007): wkï‡ì wewfbœ AmyL I

¯v¯’ mgm¨v wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| we‡klÁ wPwKrmK G

Abyôv‡bi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_ Ges GwU mvßvwnK Abyôvb|

3.7.3 †`nNwo (00.00.2008): v ’ wel‡q Av‡jvPbv I civgk©g~jK

Abyôvb| AwfÁ wPwKrmKMY Gi AwZw_ hv mvßvwnKfv‡e


3.7.4 AZtci Avwg (00.00.2010): †mwj‡eªwU ZviKv‡ì †ckv I

RxebvPvi m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| RbwcÖq ZviKviv G

Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb| GwU GKwU cvwÿK Abyôvb|

3.7.5 w`bwU †Kgb hv‡e (00.00.2011): ivwkPµ A_©vr wewfbœ

RvZK-RvwZKvi Rb¨ w`bwU †Kgb hv‡e G welq wb‡q Av‡jvPbv

Abyôvb| wewkó †R¨vwZlxiv G Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb Ges

GwU ˆ`wbK Abyôvb|

3.7.6 GKz‡ki mÜ¨v (00.01.2007): †mwj‡eªwU ZviKv‡ì †ckv I

RxebvPvi m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| RbwcÖq ZviKviv G

Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb| GwU ˆ`wbK Abyôvb|

21

wbix¶v

3.8 †`k wUwf

3.8.1 †mvRvK_v (27.03.2009): mgmvgwqK, ivR‰bwZK, mvgvwRK,

A_©‰bwZK welqmn †`‡ki bvbvwea NUbvejx wb‡q Av‡jvPbv

Abyôvb| †`ke‡iY¨ Aa¨vcK, Wv³vi, A_©bxwZwe`, mvsevw`K,

AvBbRxex, ivRbxwZwe`mn bvbv †ckvi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ e¨w³eM©

Avgwš¿Z AwZw_ wn‡m‡e G‡Z Ask †bb| GwU ˆ`wbK Abyôvb|

3.8.2 †ejv A‡ejv mviv‡ejv (00.10.2011): wKse`wšÍ †mwj‡eªwUi

mdjZv I Rxebv‡jvPbv Kiv nq| GB Abyôv‡b wKse`wšÍ

†mwj‡eªwU‡ì Avgwš¿Z AwZw_ wn‡m‡e Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv nq Ges

GwU mvßvwnKfv‡e cÖPvwiZ nq|

3.8.3 gyL I gyLiZv (00.06.2012): GwU †mwj‡eªwU ZviKv‡ì †ckv

I RxebvPvi m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| RbwcÖq ZviKviv G

Abyôv‡bi AwZw_ n‡q _v‡Kb| GwU mvßvwnK Abyôvb|

3.9 BwÛ‡c‡Û›U †Uwjwfkb

3.9.1 AvR‡Ki evsjv‡`k (00.10.2011): msev`c‡Îi msev`,

ivR‰bwZK wel‡q we‡klÁ gZvgZ, wkí-ms¯‹…wZ I mvgvwRK

Dbœqb welqK Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| ivRbxwZK, msev`-we‡kølK

Ges mswkøó welq‡ev×v AwZw_ wn‡m‡e G‡Z AskMÖnY K‡i

_v‡Kb| GwU mßv‡n 5 w`b cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.9.2 LvZzbMÄ †_‡K gwZwSj (00.01.2012): eëmv I cY¨

evRviRvZ welqK Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| eëmv I wkí we‡klÁ G

Abyôv‡bi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_| GwU mßv‡n 5w`b cÖPvwiZ n‡q

_v‡K|

3.9.3 GKvËi †Uwjwfkb - GKvËi gÂ, RqZz, GKvËi Rvb©vj,

GKvËi Awff~Z|

3.10.1 GKvËi gÂ (21.06.2012): bvMwiK Rxe‡bi wewfbœ welq wb‡q

we‡klÁ gZvgZ I Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| ivRbxwZK, msev`-

we‡kølK, AvBbÁ, wkÿK AwZw_ wn‡m‡e AskMÖnY K‡i _v‡Kb|

GwU ˆ`wbK cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.10.2 GKvËi Rvb©vj (21.06.2012): msev`-we‡kølY I ivR‰bwZK wel‡q

we‡klÁ gZvgZ I Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| ivRbxwZK, mgmvgwqK

ivRbxwZ we‡klÁ, wkÿK, mvsevw K BZ¨vw AwZw_ wn‡m‡e G‡Z

AskMÖnY K‡i _v‡Kb| GwU ˆ`wbK cÖPvwiZ n‡q _v‡K|

3.11 GwUGb wbDR

3.11.1 wbDR AvIqvi G·Uªv (00.06.2010): mgmvgwqK mvgvwRK I

ivR‰bwZK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wel‡q we‡kølYg~jK, we‡klÁ gZvgZmn

Av‡jvPbv Abyôvb| mgmvgwqK ivRbxwZK I mgvR we‡klÁ G

Abyôv‡bi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_ hv GKwU ˆ`wbK Abyôvb|

3.11.2 †mvjvi j¨vÛ weR UK (00.06.2010): eëmvq AwfÁZvm¤úbœ

e¨w³ Ges A_© I eëmv welqK we‡klÁ‡ì AskMÖn‡Y e¨vswKs,

eëmv I evwYR¨ welqK UK‡kv Abyôvb| GwU mßv‡n 2 w`b


3.11.3 Bqvs bvBU (00.12.2011): †`k I †`‡ki evB‡i Aew ’Z

evOvwj ZiæY‡ì wewfbœ wel‡q mdjZv I Rxebv‡jvPbv wb‡q

UK‡kv Abyôvb| ZiæY D‡`¨v³v, mdj bvixMY G Abyôv‡b

Avgwš¿Z n‡q _v‡Kb| GwU mßv‡n 3 w`b cÖPvwiZ nq|

3.11.4 Kv‡bKwUs evsjv‡`k (00.03.2011): evsjv‡`‡ki cÖZ¨šÍ

AÂ‡ji RxebwfwËK UK‡kv Abyôvb| welq we‡klÁMY G

Abyôv‡bi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_ Ges mvßvwnKfv‡e cÖPvwiZ n‡q

_v‡K|

22

P¨v‡bj UK‡kvÕi bvg I wfwWI

dz‡UR ch©‡eÿ‡Yi ZvwiL

mÂvjK cÖ‡hvR‡Ki bvg ˆ`wbK/mvßvwnK/

cvwÿK/gvwmK

†gvU

wewUwf

1964

Zbygb, 6.4.12 Wv. bIwkb kviwgb c~iex †gv. kixd †nv‡mb

mvßvwnK; 4×6 24

Lei cÖwZw`b, 1.1.12 myfvl wmsn ivq I Ab¨vb¨ bvwmiDwÏb mv‡ivqvi

ˆ`wbK; 30×6 180

gv I wkïi K_v, 4.1.12 dvinvbv nvwdR Zvwbqv dwi`yi ingvb

mvßvwnK; 4×6 24

P¨v‡bj AvB

1999

MÖvgxY‡dvb AvR‡Ki msev`cÎ,

2.1.12

gwZDi ingvb †PŠayix / dwi`

†nv‡mb I Ab¨vb¨

Avgxiæj Bmjvg

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

Avgv‡ì Avqbv, 7.1.12 gvngy` Avj dqmvj Rvgvj †iRv

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

Z„ZxqgvÎv, 1.1.12 wRjøyi ingvb wRjøyi ingvb

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

†Uwj‡cÖmwµckb, 1.1,12 Wv. mRj AvkdvK Rvgvj †iRv

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

ZviKvK_b, 12.4.12 Kvqbv I Ab¨vb¨ Abb¨v iægv

mßv‡n 6 w`b 6×4×6

144

†Uwjmgq, 12.6.12 gynv¤§` Rvnv½xi Rvgvj †iRv

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

†Kv_vq ùvwo‡q Avgiv, 14.6.12 iv‡k`v iIbK Lvb †invbv mvg`vbx AwbqwgZ .....

msev`c‡Î evsjv‡`k, 31.4.12 †Mvjvg †gv‡Z©vRv I Ab¨vb¨ KvRj †Nvl

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

wewewm evsjv‡`k msjvc, 4.6.12 AvKei †nv‡mb mvwei gy¯Ívdv

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

U¨v· †níjvBb, 1.1.12 ûgvq~b Bmjvg †PŠayix Gg G nvwbd

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

Avwg gv n‡Z P‡jwQ, 22.6.12 dviRvbv eªvDwbqv dviRvbv eªvDwbqv

mvßvwnK; 4×6 24

†Lvjv AvKvk, 13.1.12 dvwiqv †nv‡mb †invbv mvg`vbx AwbqwgZ /eÜ .....

3.12 GK bR‡i UK‡kv m¤úwK©Z Z_¨

(ÔRvbyqvwi-RybÕ 2012)

wbix¶v

23




cvwÿK/gvwmK

†gvU

êkvLx wUwf

MÖvgxY‡dvb wR‡iv AvIqvi,

2.1.12

Rq cÖKvk/ivûj ivnv I Ab¨vb¨ †iRvDj Kixg †iRv/ gvmyg

Kwei

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

wi‡cvU©vm© Wv‡qwi, 2.1.12 wK‡kvjvq jvqjv I Ab¨vb¨ kvnxbyi ingvb

mßv‡n 5 w`b 5×4×6

120

mvZKvnb, 6.1.12 ˆmq` mvjvDÏxb RvKx I Ab¨vb¨ Rvwn` †nv‡mb †kvfb

cvwÿK; 2×6

12

cvewjK B‡›U‡jKPzqvj, 25.6.12 †ivev‡qZ †di‡`Šm cjvk gvneye

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

mivmwi Wv³vi, 2.1.12 Wv. gywbiv ivdvZ †PŠayix gwneyi †iŠd

mßv‡n 5 w`b 5×4×6

120

AviwUwf 2005 wcÖq cÖv½Y AvIqvi †W‡gv‡µwm,

2.1.12

†ivev‡qZ †di‡`Šm I Ab¨vb¨ ev‡qwR` Avn‡g`

mßv‡n 5 w`b 5×4×6

120

aªæc`x Kvwnbx, 8.1.12 kvšÍv Bmjvg kvšÍv Bmjvg

mvßvwnK; 4×6 24

iƒcK_v, 7.1.12 cvwinv †mv‡nj ivbv

mvßvwnK; 4×6 24

ZviKvjvc,2.1.12 cvwinv I Ab¨vb¨ †mv‡nj ivbv

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

evsjvwfkb

2006

wWfvBb d«›U jvBb, 11.4.12 gwZDi ingvb †PŠayix †Ìqvb kvgmyi iwKe

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

jxRvb Avgvi Avwg, 7.1.12 I¤§vbv gvwjK gybgyb mv¾v` ûmvBb

mvßvwnK; 4×6 24

Avwg GLb Kx Kie, 7.1,12 gvnZve Lvbg / mviv hv‡Ki I

Ab¨vb¨

KvDbvBb †mŠif

mßv‡n 2 w`b 2×4×6

48

fv‡jv _vKzb, 6.1.12 RvwKqv Avbvg I Ab¨vb¨ gvgyb Lvb

mßv‡n 3 w`b 3×4×6

72

UK Ae `¨ DBK, 12.1.12 †iRvDwÏb ÷¨vwjb gvgyb Lvb

mvßvwnK; 4×6 24

we‡Kvb dvg©v †nj_ Avc‡WU,

23.6.12

Wv. w`jviv Avd‡ivR kwdDj Avjg D¾¡j

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

wecvkvi AwZw_, 5.1.12 wecvkv nvqvr Zv‡iK AvL›`

mvßvwnK 4×6

24

†n‡bvjv· Kg‡cø·b wµg

†mŠ›`h© K_v, 1.4.12

ZvbwRKv Avwgb KvIbvBb †mŠif

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

g‡bi K_v, 7.1.12 Avdmvbv wgwg kvgxg kv‡n`

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

wbDR Ae `¨ †W, 1.1.12 kvnxb nvmbvZ / RyjwdKvi nvq`vi

I Ab¨vb¨

iwdKzj Bmjvg/dwi`x bygvb I

Ab¨vb¨

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

w`MšÍ wUwf 2008

Av‡jv Qvqvi Avqbv, 23.6.12 †gvnv¤§` †nv‡mb †Rgx Gm Gg wicb

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

Avcb Lei, 8.1.12 iwKeyj nvmvb gvneye gyKzj

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

mevi Dc‡i †`k, 24.6.12 e½exi Kv‡ì wmwÏKx Avwgbyj Bmjvg kvšÍ

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

wewea cÖm½, 3.1.12 cÖ‡dmi †di‡`Šm †nv‡mb Avwgbyj Bmjvg kvšÍ

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

GKz‡k wUwf 2000 GKz‡ki ivZ, 2.1.12 AÄb ivq AÄb ivq

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

†mvbvgwY my‡L Amy‡L, 6.1.12 Wv. kwg©jv û`v kvIb wiwkZv Rvnvb I Ab¨vb¨

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

†`nNwo, 7.1.12 Wv.kwg©jv û`v kvIb I Ab¨vb¨ wiwkZv Rvnvb I Ab¨vb¨

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

AZtci Avwg, 7.1.12 †gvnwmbv ingvb †gvnwmbv ingvb

cvwÿK; 2×6

12

w`bwU †Kgb hv‡e, 23.6.16 dviRvbv Avjx RyuB I Ab¨vb¨ cÖkvšÍ `vm K_v

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

†`kwUwf 2009 †mvRvK_v, 1.1.12 gynv¤§` Rvnv½xi/ myKvšÍ ¸ß A‡jvK

I Ab¨vb¨

wbweo Lvb

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

†ejv A‡ejv mviv‡ejv, 7.4.12 Avmv`y¾vgvb b~i mygbv wmwÏKx

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

gyL I gyLiZv, 30.6.12 weRix eiKZDjøvn dwi`v wjgv

mvßvwnK; 4×6

24

wbix¶v

24




cvwÿK/gvwmK

†gvU

BwÛ‡c‡Û›U wUwf AvR‡Ki evsjv‡`k, 18.6.12 Lv‡j` gynxDwÏb bCg Zv‡iK

mßv‡n 5 w`b 5×4×6

120

LvZzbMÄ †_‡K gwZwSj, 30.1.12 kvgxg Rv‡n`x bCg Zv‡iK

mßv‡n 5 w`b 5×4×6

120

GKvËi wUwf GKvËi gÂ, 21.6.12 mvwgqv ingvb I Ab¨vb¨ b~‡i-mvdv-Ryjnvm

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

GKvËi Rvb©vj, 21.6.12 bebxZv †PŠayix b~‡i-mvdv-Ryjnvm

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

GwUGb wbDR wbDR AvIqvi G·Uªv, 1.1.12 gybœx mvnv I Ab¨vb¨ KvRx bvRgyj Avjg Zvcm

ˆ`wbK; 30×6

180

†mvjvi j¨vÛ weR UK, 3.1.12 cÖYe mvnv kwidzj Avjg †PŠayix

mßv‡n 2 w`b 2×4×6

48

Bqvs bvBU, 9.1.12 AwbK Lvb †gv. Rvgvb bvwmi I Ab¨vb¨

mßv‡n 3 w`b 3×4×6

72

Kv‡bKwUs evsjv‡`k, 23.6.12 gyybœx mvnv gCbyj û`v Lvb

mvßvwnK; 4×6 24

3.13.1 cwi‡ewkZ UK‡kvÕi msL¨v

Rvbyqvwi †_‡K Ryb gvm ch©šÍ cwi‡ewkZ †gvU UK‡kv¸‡jv‡K †Uwe‡ji gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb I we‡kølY Kiv n‡jv

mviwY-1 Av‡jvP¨ †Uwe‡ji DcvË †_‡K Rvbv hvq, wewUwf 3 gv‡m A_©vr

Rvbyqvwi, gvP© Ges †g gv‡m 39wU K‡i †gvU 117wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi

K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 16.96 kZvsk K‡i †gvU 50.88

kZvsk| GwcÖj I Ryb gv‡m 38wU K‡i †gvU 76wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi

K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 16.52 fvM K‡i †gvU 33.04 fvM|

Avi †Kej †deªæqvwi gv‡m 37wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM

UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 16.08 kZvsk| Avevi P¨‡bj AvB 3 gv‡m A_©vr

Rvbyqvwi, gvP© Ges †g gv‡m 168wU K‡i †gvU 504wU UK‡kv Abyôvb

cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 16.94 fvM K‡i †gvU 50.82

fvM| GwcÖj I Ryb gv‡m 164wU K‡i †gvU 328wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi


kZvsk| Avi †Kej †deªæqvwi gv‡m 160wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q

hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 16.12 fvM| Ab¨w`‡K ˆekvLx

†Uwjwfkb 3 gv‡m A_©vr Rvbyqvwi, gvP© Ges †g gv‡m 77wU K‡i †gvU

231wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv

16.85 fvM K‡i †gvU 50.55 fvM| GwcÖj I Ryb gv‡m 76wU K‡i †gvU

152wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 16.63

kZvsk K‡i †gvU 49.89 kZvsk| Avi †Kej †deªæqvwi gv‡m 74wU

UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 16.19

fvM| Gw`‡K Avi wUwf 3 gv‡m A_©vr Rvbyqvwi, gvP© Ges †g gv‡m 59wU

K‡i †gvU 177wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv

Abyôv‡bi 16.91 kZvsk K‡i †gvU 50.73 kZvsk| GwcÖj I Ryb gv‡m

58wU K‡i †gvU 116wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv

Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 16.61 fvM K‡i †gvU 33.22 fvM| Avi †Kej

†deªæqvwi gv‡m 56wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv

Abyôv‡bi 16.05 kZvsk| Avevi evsjvwfkb 3 gv‡m A_©vr Rvbyqvwi,

gvP© Ges †g gv‡m 133wU K‡i †gvU 399wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q

hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 16.92 fvM K‡i †gvU 50.76

fvM| GwcÖj I Ryb gv‡m 130wU K‡i †gvU 260wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi


kZvsk| Avi †Kej †deªæqvwi gv‡m 127wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q

hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 16.16 fvM| GQvov w`MšÍ

†Uwjwfkb 3 gv‡m A_©vr Rvbyqvwi, gvP© Ges †g gv‡m 47wU K‡i †gvU

141wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 16.91

kZvsk K‡i †gvU 50.73 kZvsk| GwcÖj I Ryb gv‡m 46wU K‡i †gvU

92wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv

16.54 fvM K‡i †gvU 33.08 fvM| Avi †Kej †deªæqvwi gv‡m 45wU

UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 16.19

kZvsk| Avi GKz‡k †Uwjwfkb 3 gv‡m A_©vr Rvbyqvwi, gvP© Ges †g

gv‡m 103wU K‡i †gvU 309wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM

UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 16.99 fvM K‡i †gvU 50.97 kZvsk| GwcÖj

I Ryb gv‡m 100wU K‡i †gvU 200wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv

kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 16.51 kZvsk K‡i †gvU 33.02 kZvsk| Avi

†Kej †deªæqvwi gv‡m 97wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM

(Rvbyqvwi-Ryb)

wewUwf P¨v‡bj AvB ˆekvLx †Uwjwfkb Avi wUwf evsjvwfkb w`MšÍ

†Uwjwfkb

GKz‡k

†Uwjwfkb

†`k wUwf BwÛ‡c‡Û›U 71 †Uwjwfkb GwUGb

wbDR

†gvU P¨v‡bj

gvm

msL¨v % msL¨v % msL¨v % msL¨v % msL¨v % msL¨v % msL¨v % msL¨v % msL¨v % msL¨v % msL¨v % msL v %

Rvbyqvwi

39

16.96 168 16.94 77

16.85 59

16.91 133

16.92 47

16.91 103

16.99 39

16.96 40

16.67 62

17.02 55

16.92 822

16.93

†deªæqvwi 37

16.08 160 16.12 74 16.19 56 16.05 127 16.16 45 16.19 97 16.01 37

16.08 40 16.67 56 15.96 52 16 781 16.17

gvP© 39

16.96 168 16.94 77 16.85 59 16.91 133 16.92 47 16.91 103 16.99 39

16.96 40 16.67 62 17.02 55 16.92 822 16.93

Gwcj 38

16.52 164 16.53 76 16.63 58 16.61 130 16.54 46 16.54 100 16.51 38

16.52 40 16.66 60 16.49 54 16.62 804 16.56

†g 39

16.96 168 16.94 77 16.85 59 16.91 133 16.92 47 16.91 103 16.99 39

16.96 40 16.67 62 17.02 55 16.92 822 16.93

Ryb 38

16.52 164 16.53 76 16.63 58 16.61 130 16.54 46 16.54 100 16.51 38

16.52 40 16.66 60 16.49 54 16.62 804 16.56

†gvU 230 100 992 100 457 100 349 100 786 100 278 100 606 100 230 100 240 100 362 100 325 100 4855 100

mviwY-1

wbix¶v

UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 16.01 fvM| Aciw`‡K †`k wUwf 3 gv‡m

A_©vr Rvbyqvwi, gvP© Ges †g gv‡m 39wU K‡i †gvU 117wU UK‡kv Abyôvb

cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 16.96 kZvsk K‡i †gvU

50.88 kZvsk| GwcÖj I Ryb gv‡m 38wU K‡i †gvU 76wU UK‡kv Abyôvb

cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 16.52 fvM K‡i †gvU

33.04 fvM| Avi †Kej †deªæqvwi gv‡m 37wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi

K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 16.08 kZvsk| Avi BwÛ‡c‡Û›U

†Uwjwfkb Rvbyqvwi †_‡K Ryb ch©šÍ 6 gv‡m 40wU K‡i †gvU 240wU

UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 16.67

I 16.66 fvM K‡i †gvU 100 fvM| Avevi 71 †Uwjwfkb 3 gv‡m A_©vr

Rvbyqvwi, gvP© Ges †g gv‡m 62wU K‡i †gvU 186wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi


kZvsk| GwcÖj I Ryb gv‡m 60wU K‡i †gvU 120wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi

K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 16.57 fvM K‡i †gvU

33.14 fvM| Avi †Kej †deªæqvwi gv‡m 56wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi

K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 15.47 kZvsk| Avi GwUGb wbDR

3 gv‡m A_©vr Rvbyqvwi, gvP© Ges †g gv‡m 55wU K‡i †gvU 165wU UK‡kv

Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 16.92 fvM

K‡i †gvU 50.76 fvM| GwcÖj I Ryb gv‡m 54wU K‡i †gvU 108wU

UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 16.62 kZvsk

K‡i †gvU 33.24 kZvsk| Avi †Kej †deªæqvwi gv‡m 52wU UK‡kv

Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 16 fvM|

DwjøwLZ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K ejv hvq, Rvbyqvwi-Ryb gv‡mi g‡a¨ A_©vr

6 gv‡m 992wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i 1g ¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q P¨v‡bj AvB

hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 20.43 fvM| 786wU UK‡kv

Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i 2q ¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q evsjvwfkb hv kZfvM UK‡kv

Abyôv‡bi 16.19 kZvsk| Avi 606wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i 3q

¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q GKz‡k †Uwjwfkb hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 12.48 fvM|

Avevi 4_© ’v‡b i‡q‡Q êkvLx †Uwjwfkb 457wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi

K‡i hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 9.41 kZvsk| 5g ’v‡b i‡q‡Q GKvËi

†Uwjwfkb 362wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi

kZKiv 7.46 fvM| GQvov 349wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i 6ô ’v‡b

i‡q‡Q AviwUwf hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 7.19 kZvsk| Avevi

325wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i 7g ¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q GwUGb wbDR hv

kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 6.69 fvM| Avi 8g ’v‡b i‡q‡Q

w`MšÍ †Uwjwfkb 278wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i hv kZKiv UK‡kv

Abyôv‡bi 5.41 kZvsk| 240wU UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i 9g ’v‡b

i‡q‡Q BwÛ‡c‡Û›U †Uwjwfkb hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi kZKiv 4.67

fvM| Avi 230wU K‡i UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i 10g ¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q

h_vµ‡g wewUwf I †`kwUwf hv kZfvM UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi 4.47 kZvsk

K‡i 8.94 kZvsk|

GQvovI D‡jøL Kiv hvq, 11wU P¨v‡bj 6 gv‡m me©‡gvU 4,855wU

UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q| AZGe GB msL¨v †_‡K ejv hvq, 1 (GK)

gv‡m cÖPvi K‡i‡Q (4855÷6)=809.17 A_©vr 810wU UK‡kv Abyôvb|

1 (GK) mßv‡n cÖPvi K‡i‡Q (810÷4)= 202.29 A_©vr 203wU UK‡kv

Abyôvb| Avi 1 (GK) w`‡b cÖPvi K‡i‡Q (203÷7)=28.90 A_©vr

29wU UK‡kv Abyôvb| Avi GB cwimsL¨vb †_‡KB ejv hvq, 1 w`‡b 11wU

P¨v‡bj UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPvi K‡i‡Q 29wU UK‡kv Abyôvb| AZGe 1

w`‡b 1wU P¨v‡bj cÖPvi K‡i‡Q (29÷11)=2.63 A_©vr 3wU UK‡kv

Abyôvb|

3.14 Rwic (cÖkœgvjv) †_‡K cÖvß DcvË KvVv‡gv I we‡kølY

Av‡jvP¨ As‡k bgybvwqZ XvKv wefv‡Mi `yÕwU †Rjv bvivqYMÄ I

MvRxcy‡ii `yÕwU K‡i PviwU Dc‡Rjv bvivqYMÄ, iƒcMÄ Ges Kvcvwmqv,

U½x †_‡K 100 Rb K‡i †gvU 400 Rb e¨w³i Ici Rwic Kiv n‡q‡Q|

GLv‡b Rwi‡ci gva¨‡g cÖvß Z_¨-DcvË¸‡jv †Uwe‡ji gva¨‡g Dc ’vcb

Ges we‡kølY Kiv n‡q‡Q| Rwi‡ci gva¨‡g †h wRÁvmv¸‡jv wbim‡bi

†Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvn‡jv: UK‡kv †`‡Lb Ggb `k©K-†kªvZvi nvi, UK‡kv

†`‡Lb Ggb P¨v‡b‡ji msL¨v, me‡P‡q RbwcÖq P¨v‡bj, UK‡kvÕi aib,

me‡P‡q RbwcÖq UK‡kv, UK‡kvÕi AvKl©Yxq I AbvKl©Yxq Abyl½,

mÂvj‡Ki fv‡jv w`K g›` w`K, UK‡kv wbqwgZ-AwbqwgZ †`Lvi

KviYmg~n, Abyôv‡bi gvb m¤úwK©Z AwfgZ, `k©K-†kªvZvi cÖZ¨vkv,

g‡bvfve cwieZ©‡b UK‡kvÕi f~wgKv, Z_¨ weåvwšÍi kZKiv nvi,

MYgva¨‡gi mv‡_ Rbgvby‡li †hvMv‡hvM wbg©v‡Yi †ÿ‡Î UK‡kvÕi f~wgKv,

mvgwMÖK Abyôvbgvjvi Zzjbvq UK‡kvÕi aviv, miKvwi I †emiKvwi

P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kvÕi cv_©K¨, UK‡kvÕi bxwZgvjv msµvšÍ gZvgZ BZ¨vw`|

3.14.1 UK‡kv †`‡Lb Ggb `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv nvi

mviwY-1 Av‡jvP¨ As‡k 400 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi wbKU Rvb‡Z PvIqv nq,

Zuviv UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡Lb wKbv| 400 R‡bi g‡a¨ 380 (wZbkZ

Avwk) Rb e‡jb, Zuviv UK‡kv AbyôvbwU †`‡Lb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

kZKiv 95 fvM Avi 20 (wek) Rb Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Zuviv AbyôvbwU †`‡Lb

bv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 5 kZvsk|

3.14.2 UK‡kv bv †`Lvi KviY m¤úwK©Z `k©K-†kªvZvi gZvgZ

mviwY-2 GB †Uwe‡j †h mKj `k©K-†kªvZv Rwi‡c Ask †bbwb Zv‡ì

gZvgZ Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| Zviv Rvwb‡q‡Qb, †Kv‡bv UK‡kv Abyôvb

†`‡Lb bv Ges UK‡kv bv †`Lvi KviY m¤ú‡K© AwfgZ cÖKvk K‡ib| 20

(wek) Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨ 7 (mvZ) Rb Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Ôe¨ ÍZvi

Kvi‡YÕ UK‡kv †`Lv n‡q I‡V bv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 35

fvM| 8 (AvU) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv e‡j‡Qb, gaïv‡Z nq e‡j †`L‡Z

cv‡ib bv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 40 kZvsk Avi 5 (cvuP) Rb `k©K-

†kªvZv Rvwb‡q‡Qb, e³‡e¨ wgj Lyu‡R cvb bv e‡j AbyôvbwU †`‡Lb bv hv

kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 25 fvM|

3.14.3 UK‡kv †`Lvi KviY m¤úwK©Z `k©K-†kªvZvi gZvgZ

mviwY-3 G `k©K-†kªvZv UK‡kv †`Lvi KviY m¤ú‡K© †h gZvgZ Zz‡j

a‡ib Zvn‡jv: 380 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨ 57 (mvZvbœ) Rb e‡jb,

Zviv Ô†`‡ki Pjgvb NUbvi we ÍvwiZ Z_¨ Rvb‡ZÕ UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡Lb

hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 15 fvM| 53 (†Zàvbœ) R‡bi †gvU

106 (GKkZ Qq) Rb Avjv`vfv‡e e‡jb, ÔmgmvgwqK wel‡q A‡bK

Z_¨ cvIqv hvqÕ Avi ÔÁvb evov‡ZÕ Zviv AbyôvbwU †`‡L _v‡Kb hv

25

AwfgZ

†Mvôx/`j

UK‡kv †`‡Lb UK‡kv †`‡Lb bv me©‡gvU

Rb kZKiv nvi Rb kZKiv nvi Rb kZKiv nvi

`k©K-†kªvZv

380 95 20 5 400 100

mviwY-1

µ.b. gZvgZ Rb kZKiv nvi

K. mg‡qi Afve ev e¨ ÍZv 7 35

L. gaïv‡Z nq 8 40

M. Gme ï‡b jvf bvB KviY e³‡e¨ wgj bvB 5 25

†gvU= 20 100

mviwY-2

µ.b. gZvgZ Rb kZKiv nvi

1 †`‡ki ivR‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ Rvb‡Z 20 5.26

2 †`‡ki Pjgvb NUbvi we ÍvwiZ Z_¨ Rvb‡Z 57 15

3 Av‡jvPbv ch©v‡jvPbv ïb‡Z fv‡jv jv‡M 52 13.68

4 mgmvgwqK wel‡q A‡bK Z_¨ cvIqv hvq 53 13.95

5 we‡bv`‡bi Rb¨ 33 8.68

6 wewfbœ cwiw ’wZ m¤ú‡K© weÁR‡bi gZvgZ ïb‡Z 28 7.37

7 h_vh_ Z_¨ †c‡Z 21 5.53

8 Av‡jvPbvi welqe ‘i Mfx‡ii welq¸‡jv Rvb‡Z 3 .78

9 wb‡Ri m‡PZbZv evov‡Z 44 11.59

10 miKvwi I we‡ivax `‡ji Av‡jvPbv ïb‡Z 1 .26

11 A_©‰bwZK cwiw ’wZ Rvb‡Z 1 .26

12 ivR‰bwZK, AvšÍR©vwZK Av‡jvPbv-ch©v‡jvPbv ïb‡Z 14 3.69

13 Ávb evov‡Z 53 13.95

†gvU= 380 100

mviwY-3

wbix¶v

kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 13.95 kZvsk K‡i †gvU 27.9 kZvsk| Avi 52

(evqvbœ) Rb e‡jb, ÔAv‡jvPbv-ch©v‡jvPbv ïb‡Z fv‡jv jv‡MÕ hv kZfvM

`k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 13.68 fvM| AviI 44 Rb Rvbvb, Zviv Ôwb‡Ri

m‡PZbZv evov‡ZÕ AbyôvbwU †`‡Lb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 11.59

kZvsk| GQvovI 33 (†ZwÎk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv AbyôvbwU †`‡Lb

Ôwe‡bv`‡bi Rb¨Õ hv kZKiv `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 8.68 fvM| Gici

28 (AvUvk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Ôwewfbœ cwiw ’wZ m¤ú‡K©

weÁR‡bi gZvgZ ïb‡ZÕ AbyôvbwU †`‡Lb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

7.37 kZvsk| 21 (GKzk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Ôh_vh_ Z_¨ †c‡ZÕ UK‡kv

Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 5.53 fvM|

Avevi 20 (wek) Rb e‡jb, Ô†`‡ki ivR‰bwZK cwiw ’wZ Rvb‡ZÕ

AbyôvbwU †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 5.26 kZvsk| 14

(†PŠÏ) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv e‡jb, ÔivR‰bwZK, AvšÍR©vwZK Av‡jvPbv-

ch©v‡jvPbv ïb‡ZÕ UK‡kv Abyôvb Ae‡jvKb K‡i _v‡Kb hv kZfvM

`k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 3.69 fvM| Avi 3 (wZb) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

AwfgZ cÖKvk K‡ib ÔAv‡jvPbvi welqe ‘i Mfx‡ii welq¸‡jv Rvb‡ZÕ

Abyôvb¸‡jv †`‡L _v‡K hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi .78 kZvsk| 1 (GK)

Rb K‡i †gvU 2 (`yB) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e e‡jb, ÔmiKvwi I

we‡ivax `‡ji Av‡jvPbv ïb‡ZÕ, ÔA_©‰bwZK cwiw¯’wZ Rvb‡ZÕ

Abyôvb¸‡jv †`‡Lb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi .26 kZvsk K‡i †gvU .52

kZvsk|

3.14.4 `k©K-†kªvZv UK‡kv †`‡Lb Ggb P¨v‡b‡ji msL¨v

mviwY-4 G ch©v‡q KZ¸‡jv P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kv Abyôvb `k©K-†kªvZv †`‡Lb

Zvi djvdj †ei Kivi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q| djvd‡j †`Lv hv‡”Q, 380

(wZbkZ Avwk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨ Ô1-2wUÕ P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kv Abyôvb

†`‡L _v‡Kb 38 (AvUwÎk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

kZKiv 10 fvM| Ô3-4wUÕ P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb 164

(GKkZ †PŠlwÆ) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 43.16

kZvsk| Avevi Ô5-6wUÕ P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb 172

(GKkZ evnvËi) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 45.26

kZvsk| Avi Ô7-8wUÕ P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb 4 (Pvi) Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 1.05 fvM| GQvovI Ô9-

10wUÕ P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb gvÎ 2 (`yB) Rb `k©K-

†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi .53 kZvsk| AZGe †`Lv hv‡”Q, `k©K-

†kªvZv m‡e©v”P Ô5-6wUÕ P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kv Abyôvb me‡P‡q †ewk †`‡L

_v‡Kb|

3.14.5 †h P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kv `k©K-†kªvZv me‡P‡q †ewk †`‡L _v‡Kb

mviwY -5 Av‡jvP¨ †Uwe‡j †`Lvi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q, `k©K-†kªvZv †Kvb&

P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kv Abyôvb me‡P‡q †ewk †`‡Lb| Rwi‡c jÿ¨ Kiv hvq,

23wU wUwf P¨v‡bji †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv UK‡kv Abyôvb `k©K-†kªvZv †`‡L

_v‡Kb| DwjøwLZ †UwejwU‡Z RbwcÖqZvi µgvbymv‡i †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q|

me‡P‡q †ewk A_©vr 380 (wZbkZ Avwk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨ 281

(`yBkZ GKvwk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔP¨v‡bj AvBÕ-Gi UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L

P¨v‡bjwU‡K cÖ_g ’v‡b †i‡L‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv

73.94 fvM| wØZxq ¯’v‡b A_©vr 201 ( yBkZ GK) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

ÔGKvËi †UwjwfkbÕ-Gi UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM `k©K-

†kªvZvi 52.89 kZvsk| Ô†`kwUwfÕi UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L Z…Zxq ¯’v‡b

†i‡L‡Qb 160 (GKkZ lvU) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

kZKiv 42.10 fvM| Gici ÔGwUGb wbDRÕ 156 (GKkZ Qvàvbœ) Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv †`‡L PZy_© ’v‡b †i‡L‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 41.05

kZvsk| cÂg ’vb w`‡q‡Qb ÔevsjvwfkbÕ P¨v‡bj‡K A_©vr 155 (GKkZ

cÂvbœ) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv GB P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb hv

kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 40.78 fvM| Avi 119 (GKkZ Dwbk)

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔêkvLx †Uwjwfkb-Gi UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡Lb hv

kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 31.32 kZvsk| RbwcÖqZvi mßg ’v‡b i‡q‡Q

ÔP¨v‡bj 24Õ A_©vr 116 (GKkZ †lvj) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv GB P¨v‡b‡ji

UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 30.53

fvM| Aóg ’v‡b i‡q‡Q Ômgq †UwjwfkbÕ A_©vr 115 (GKkZ c‡b‡iv)

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv GB P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM

`k©K-†kªvZvi 30.26 kZvsk| Gici beg ’v‡b i‡q‡Q ÔAviwUwfÕ hv 96

(wQqvbeŸB) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv †`‡L _v‡Kb Ges kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

kZKiv 25.26 fvM| Avevi 83 (wZivwk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔGKz‡k

†UwjwfkbÕ‡K `kg ¯’v‡b †i‡L‡Q hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 21.84

kZvsk| Gici 80 (Avwk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔGbwUwfÕ‡K GKv`k ¯’v‡b

†i‡L‡Q hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 21.05 fvM| Avi 73

(†ZqvËi) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔGwUGb evsjvÕ‡K Øv`k ¯’v‡b ’vb w`‡q‡Q hv

kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 19.21 kZvsk| Î‡qv`k ’v‡b i‡q‡Q ÔGKgvÎ

miKvwi P¨v‡bj ÔwewUwfÕ A_©vr 63 (†ZlwÆ) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv GB

P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv

16.58 fvM| Zvici PZz`©k ¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q ÔgvQivOv †UwjwfkbÕ A_©vr 59

(DblvU) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv GB P¨v‡b‡ji UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb hv

kZfvM k©K-†kªvZvi 15.53 kZvsk| GQvovI ÔwRwUwfÕ‡K cÂ`k ’v‡b

†i‡L‡Qb 50 (cÂvk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv

13.16 fvM| Ôw`MšÍ †UwjwfkbÕ‡K lô`k ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q 44 (Pzqvwjøk)

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 11.58 kZvsk| Avi

ÔBwÛ‡c‡Û›UÕ †Uwjwfkb‡K mß`k ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q 42 (weqvwjøk) Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 11.05 fvM| 40 (Pwjøk)

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Aó`k ’v‡b ’vb w`‡q‡Q Ô†gvnbv †UwjwfkbÕ‡K hv

kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 10.53 fvM, 36 (QwÎk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

Ebwesk ¯’v‡b ’vb w`‡q‡QÔP¨v‡bj 9Õ†K hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 9.47

kZvsk, gvÎ 6 (Qq) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔBmjvwg †UwjwfkbÕ‡K wesk ¯’v‡b

†i‡L‡Q hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 1.58 fvM| Avi gvÎ 4 (Pvi)

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv GKwesk ¯’v‡b ’vb w`‡q‡Q ÔgvBwUwfÕ‡K hv kZfvM

`k©K-†kªvZvi 1.05 kZvsk Avi 2 (`yB) Rb K‡i †gvU 4 (Pvi) Rb

Avjv`vfv‡e ÔP¨v‡bj IqvbÕ I ÔweRq †UwjwfkbÕ‡K h_vµ‡g wØwesk I

Î‡qvwesk ¯’v‡b †i‡L‡Q hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi .53 kZvsk K‡i †gvU

.106 kZvsk|

3.14.6 †h ai‡bi UK‡kv `k©K-†kªvZv †ewk †`‡L _v‡Kb

mviwY-6 GB †Uwe‡ji gva¨‡g †Kvb ai‡bi UK‡kv Abyôvb `k©K-†kªvZv

†ewk cQ›` K‡ib Zv †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| †Uwe‡ji DcvË †_‡K my¯úófv‡e

ejv hvq, Ômsev`-we‡kølYg~jK I mgmvgwqK NUbvejxÕ msµvšÍ UK‡kv

Abyôvb `k©K-†kªvZv me‡P‡q †ewk †`‡Lb A_©vr 380 (wZbkZ Avwk)

Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨ 339 (wZbkZ DbPwjøk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv GB

welqK UK‡kv me‡P‡q †ewk †`‡L cÖ_g ch©v‡q †i‡L‡Qb hv kZfvM

`k©K-†kªvZvi 89.21 kZvsk| Gici wØZxq ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q ÔivRbxwZÕ

welqK UK‡kv Abyôvb A_©vr 332 (wZbkZ ewÎk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv GB

Abyôvb †`‡L hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 87.37 fvM| Z…Zxq

26

P¨v‡b‡ji msL¨v

†Mvôx/`j

1-2 wU 3-4 wU 5-6 wU 7-8 wU 9-10

wU

11-12wU 13-14wU 15-16wU 17-18wU 18-19wU †gvU

Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb %

`k©K-†kªvZv

38 10 164 43.16 172 45.26 4 1.05 2 .53 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 380 100

mviwY-4

µ.b. P¨v‡b‡ji bvg `k©K-†kªvZv kZKiv nvi µ.b. P¨v‡b‡ji bvg `k©K-†kªvZv kZKiv nvi

1 P¨v‡bj AvB 281 73.94 13 wewUwf 63 16.58

2 GKvËi †Uwjwfkb 201 52.89 14 gvQivOv †Uwjwfkb 59 15.53

3 †`kwUwf 160 42.10 15 wRwUwf 50 13.16

4 GwUGb wbDR 156 41.05 16 w`MšÍ †Uwjwfkb 44 11.58

5 evsjvwfkb 155 40.78 17 BwÛ‡c‡Û›U wUwf 42 11.05

6 êkvLx †Uwjwfkb 119 31.32 18 †gvnbv †Uwjwfkb 40 10.53

7 P¨v‡bj 24 116 30.53 19 P¨v‡bj 9 36 9.47

8 mgq †Uwjwfkb 115 30.26 20 Bmjvwg †Uwjwfkb 6 1.58

9 AviwUwf 96 25.26 21 gvBwUwf 4 1.05

10 GKz‡k †Uwjwfkb 83 21.84 22 P¨v‡bj Iqvb 2 .53

11 GbwUwf 80 21.05 23 weRq †Uwjwfkb 2 .53

12 GwUGb evsjv 73 19.21 ... ..................... ............. ..........

mviwY-5

UK‡kvÕi

aib

†Mvôx/`j

ivR‰bwZK wkí, mvs¯‹…wZK

I ms¯‹…wZ

mvgvwRK ag©xq we‡kl

wè‡mi

iƒcPP©v

welqK

¯v¯’

welqK

msev`

we‡kølYg~jK

I mgmvgwqK

NUbvejx

weÁvb I

cÖhyw³

bvix I wkï Ki, A_© I

evwYR¨

mv¤cÖwZK

welq I

Ab¨vb¨

Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb %

`k©K-†kªvZv

332 87.37 206 54.21 195 51.32 103 27.11 148 38.95 32 8.42 167 43.95 339 89.21 1 .26 26 6.84 27 7.11 5 1.32

mviwY-6

wbix¶v

ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q Ôms¯‹…wZÕ welqK UK‡kv Abyôvb hv 206 (`yBkZ Qq) Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv †`‡L _v‡Kb Ges kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 54.21 kZvsk|

195 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔmvgvwRKÕ UK‡kv Abyôvb‡K PZz_© ch©v‡q †i‡L‡Qb

hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 51.32 fvM| Avi 167 (GKkZ

mvZlwÆ) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Ô¯v ’ Õ welqK UK‡kv Abyôvb‡K cÂg ch©v‡q

†i‡L‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 43.95 kZvsk| lô ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q

Ôwe‡kl wèmÕi UK‡kv Abyôvb A_©vr 148 (GKkZ AvUPwjøk) Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv GB ai‡bi Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZKiv `k©K-†kªvZvi

kZKiv 38.95 kZvsk Avi mßg ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q Ôag©xqÕ UK‡kv Abyôvb

A_©vr 103 (GKkZ wZb) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv G ai‡bi Abyôvb †`‡L

_v‡Kb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 27.11 fvM| GQvovI 32

(ewÎk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔiƒcPP©vÕ welqK UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L Aóg

ch©v‡q †i‡L‡Q hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 8.42 kZvsk| Gici 27 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv ÔKi, A_© I evwYR¨Õ welqK UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L beg

ch©v‡q †i‡L‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 7.11 fvM| `kg

ch©v‡q i‡q‡Q Ôbvix I wkïÕ welqK UK‡kv Abyôvb A_©vr 26 (QvweŸk)

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv GB ai‡bi Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM `k©K-

†kªvZvi 6.84 kZvsk| Avi GKv`k Ômv¤cÖwZK welqÕ welqK UK‡kv

Abyôvb A_©vr 5 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv GB Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM

`k©K-†kªvZvi 1.32 kZvsk|

3.14.7 `k©K-†kªvZvi me‡P‡q †ewk fv‡jv jv‡M Ggb UK‡kvÕi ZvwjKv

I Rwic

mviwY-7 G †UwejwU‡Z me‡P‡q RbwcÖq UK‡kv Luy‡R †ei Kivi †Póv Kiv

n‡q‡Q| 380 (wZbkZ Avwk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi gZvgZ Abymv‡i

RbwcÖqZvi µgvbymv‡i DwjøwLZ †Uwe‡j UK‡kv¸‡jv‡K mvRv‡bv n‡q‡Q|

Rwi‡c †ewi‡q G‡m‡Q me‡P‡q RbwcÖq UK‡kv ÔZ…ZxqgvÎvÕ| GB UK‡kv

m¤ú‡K© 280 (`yBkZ Avwk) R‡bi g‡a¨ 193 (GKkZ wZivbeŸB) Rb

Zv‡ì cQ‡›ì ZvwjKvq cÖ_g ’vb w`‡q‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

kZKiv 50.79 fvM| Gici 102 (GKkZ `yB) Rb cQ‡›ì ZvwjKvq

wØZxq ’v‡b †i‡L‡Qb ÔwbDR AvIqvi G·UªvÕ AbyôvbwU‡K hv kZfvM

`k©K-†kªvZvi 26.84 kZvsk| 82 (weivwk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Ô AvR‡Ki

evsjv‡`kÕ AbyôvbwU‡K Z…Zxq ¯’vb w`‡q‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

kZKiv 21.58 fvM| Gici PZy_© ’v‡b †i‡L‡Qb 79 (D‡bvAvwk) Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv Ô†mvRvK_vÕ AbyôvbwU‡K hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 20.79

kZvsk| Ôwewewm evsjv‡`k msjvcÕ †c‡q‡Q cÂg ’vb 77(mvZvËi) Rb

`k©K-†kªvZvi cQ‡›` hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 20.26 fvM|

ÔGKvËi Rvb©vjÕ i‡q‡Q lô ’v‡b 70 (mvZvbœ) Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi cQ‡›`

hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 18.42 kZvsk| Gw`‡K ÔGKvËi gÂÕ‡K 57

(mvZvbœ) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv mßg ¯’v‡b w`‡q‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

kZKiv 15 fvM| 54 (Pzqvbœ) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔRqZzÕ AbyôvbwU‡K Aóg

¯’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 14.21 kZvsk| Avevi

Ômsev`c‡Î evsjv‡`kÕ AbyôvbwU‡K beg ¯’v‡b †i‡L‡Q 53 (†Zàvbœ) Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 13.95 fvM| `kg ¯’v‡b

i‡q‡Q ÔAvwg GLb Kx KieÕ hv 46 (†QPwjøk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi cQ‡›`

hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 12.11 kZvsk| GKv`k ¯’v‡b ÔAvR‡Ki

evsjv‡`kÕ i‡q‡Q, GwU 41 (GKPwjøk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv cQ›` K‡i‡Qb

hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 10.79 fvM| Avi Øv`k ’v‡b i‡q‡Q

ÔwR‡iv AvIqviÕ GwU cQ‡›ì ZvwjKvq †i‡L‡Qb 31 (GKwÎk) Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 8.16 kZvsk| ÔLei cÖwZw`bÕ

i‡q‡Q Î‡qv`k ’v‡b Ges 30 (wÎk) R‡bi cQ‡›` hv kZfvM `k©K-

†kªvZvi kZKiv 7.89 fvM| ÔGKz‡ki ivZÕ i‡q‡Q PZy`©k ’v‡b Ges

GwUI 30 (wÎk) R‡bi cQ‡›` hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 7.89 kZvsk|

29 (DbwÎk) R‡bi cQ‡›` Ômivmwi Wv³viÕ i‡q‡Q cÂ`k ’v‡b hv

kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 7.63 fvM| 23 (†ZBk) R‡bi cQ‡›`

ÔZviKvjvcÕ i‡q‡Q lô`k ’v‡b hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 6.05 kZvsk|

mß`k ’v‡b i‡q‡Q Ômevi Dc‡i †`kÕ hv 22 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi cQ‡›`

Ges kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 5.79 fvM| 15 (c‡b‡iv) Rb K‡i

†gvU 30 (wÎk) R‡bi cQ‡›` 2wU Abyôvb A_©vr Ôfv‡jv _vKzbÕ I Ô`¨

weR‡bm †kvÕ h_vµ‡g Aóv`k ’vb I EbweskwZ ¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q hv kZfvM

`k©K-†kªvZvi 3.95 kZvsk K‡i †gvU 7.90 kZvsk| Ab¨w`‡K weskwZ

Ae ’v‡b ÔwWfvBb d«›UjvBbÕ GwU cQ‡›` i‡q‡Q 12 (evi) Rb `k©K-

†kªvZvi hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 3.16 fvM| 11 (GMv‡iv) Rb

K‡i †gvU 22 (evBk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e 2wU Abyôvb A_©vr

ÔwbDR A¨vÛ wfDRÕ I Ôwi‡cvU©vm© Wv‡qwiÕ h_vµ‡g GKweskwZ,

ØvweskwZ ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 2.89 kZvsk K‡i †gvU

5.78 kZvsk| Gici 10 (`k) Rb K‡i †gvU 30 (wÎk) Rb `k©K-

†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e 3wU Abyôvb‡K A_©vr Ô†Uwj‡cÖmwµckbÕ, Ô†`nNwoÕ

Ges ÔgyL I gyLiZvÕ‡K h_vµ‡g Î‡qvwesk, PZzweskwZ I cÂweskwZ

Ae ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 2.63 kZvsk K‡i †gvU 7.49

kZvsk| GQvovI 9 (bq) Rb K‡i †gvU 18 (AvVv‡iv) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

Avjv`vfv‡e 2wU Abyôvb‡K A_©vr Ôgv I wkïi K_vÕ I ÔZviKvK_bÕ‡K

h_vµ‡g lo&weskwZ I mßweskwZ ¯’v‡b †i‡L‡Q hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

kZKiv 2.37 fvM K‡i †gvU 4.74 fvM| Avi ÔmvZKvnbÕ AbyôvbwU‡K

AóvweskwZ ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q 8 (AvU) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-

†kªvZvi 2.11 kZvsk| Avevi 7 (mvZ) Rb K‡i †gvU 21 Rb 3wU

Abyôvb‡K A_©vr Ômij c_Õ, ÔZbygbÕ, I ÔAZtci AvwgÕ‡K h_vµ‡g

DbwÎskr, wÎskr I GKwÎskr ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

kZKiv 1.84 fvM K‡i †gvU 5.52 fvM| Avi 6 Rb K‡i †gvU 12 (evi)

R‡bi cQ‡›` 2wU Abyôvb A_©vr ÔBqvs bvBUÕ I Ômsev`c‡Î cÖwZw`bÕ‡K

h_vµ‡g Øvwnskr I ÎqwÎskr Ae¯’v‡b †i‡L‡Q hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

1.58 kZvsk K‡i †gvU 3.16 kZvsk| GQvovI 5 (cuvP) Rb K‡i †gvU

10 (`k) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e 2wU Abyôvb‡K A_©vr ÔwbDR Ae

`¨ †WÕ I Ôgaïv‡Zi gy³evKÕ‡K h_vµ‡g PZyw ¿skr I cÂwÎskr

Ae ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 1.32 fvM K‡i †gvU

2.64 fvM|

27

µ.b. UK‡kv Õi bvg `k©K-

†kªvZv

kZKiv

nvi

µ.b. UK‡kvÕi bvg `k©K-

†kªvZv

kZKiv

nvi

µ.b. UK‡kv Õi bvg `k©K-

†kªvZv

kZKiv

nvi

1 Z…ZxqgvÎv 193 50.79 13 Lei cÖwZw`b 30 7.89 25 †`nNwo 10 2.63

2 wbDR AvIqvi G·Uªv 102 26.84 14 GKz‡ki ivZ 30 7.89 26 gyL I gyLiZv 10 2.63

3 AvR‡Ki evsjv‡`k 82 21.58 15 mivmwi Wv³vi 29 7.63 27 gv I wkïi K_v 9 2.37

4 †mvRvK_v 79 20.79 16 ZviKvjvc 23 6.05 28 ZviKvK_b 9 2.37

5 wewewm evsjv‡`k msjvc 77 20.26 17 mevi Dc‡i †`k 22 5.79 29 mvZKvnb 8 2.11

6 GKvËi Rvb©vj 70 18.42 18 fv‡jv _vKzb 15 3.95 30 mijc_ 7 1.84

7 GKvËi gÂ 57 15 19 `¨ weR‡bm †kv 15 3.95 31 Zbygb 7 1.84

8 RqZz 54 14.21 20 AvIqvi †W‡gv‡µwm 14 3.68 32 AZtci Avwg 7 1.84

9 msev`c‡Î evsjv‡`k 53 13.95 21 wWfvBb d«›UjvBb 12 3.16 33 Bqvs bvBU 6 1.588

10 Avwg GLb Kx Kie 46 12.11 22 wbDR A¨vÛ wfDR 11 2.89 34 msev`c‡Î cÖwZw`b 6 1.58

11 AvR‡Ki msev`cÎ 41 10.79 23 wi‡cvU©vm© Wv‡qwi 11 2.89 35 wbDR Ae `¨ †W 5 1.32

12 wR‡iv AvIqvi 31 8.16 24 †Uwj‡cÖmwµckb 10 2.63 36 gaïv‡Zi gy³evK 5 1.32

mviwY-7

wbix¶v

28

P¨v‡bj Abyl½

UK‡kv

welqe¯‘ mÂvjK †mU

(gÂm¾v)

cÖPviKvj (cÖvBg

UvB‡g w`‡”Q)

e¨vwß Avgwš¿Z AwZw_ /

AwZw_iv

†dv‡bi gva¨‡g `k©K

- †kªvZvi AskMÖnY

wfwWIÕi gva¨‡g

`k©K-†kªvZvi

AskMÖnY

we‡klÁ

gZvgZ

Zbygb 11 6 4 6 5 7 0 0 0

Lei cÖwZw`b 13 28 11 12 13 18 23 0 0

wewUwf

gv I wkïi K_v 24 13 11 10 07 10 05 0 3

MÖvgxY‡dvb AvR‡Ki

msev`cÎ

120 112 73 72 63 107 47 0 2

Z„ZxqgvÎv 176 172 147 142 132 155 76 3 3

†Uwj‡cÖmwµckb 71 70 42 35 33 63 51 07 9

ZviKvK_b 20 18 14 14 4 13 11 3 1

†Uwjmgq 4 2 2 1 1 2 0 0 0

†Kv_vq `uvwo‡q Avgiv 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

msev`c‡Î evsjv‡`k 73 73 41 37 43 71 55 1 1

wewewm evsjv‡`k msjvc 77 66 65 62 64 59 56 32 4

U¨v· †níjvBb 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Avwg gv n‡Z P‡jwQ 16 11 6 6 5 9 11 0 0

P¨v‡bj

AvB

†Lvjv AvKvk 3 2 2 1 1 1 0 0 0

MÖvgxY‡dvb wR‡iv AvIqvi 34 46 42 35 29 34 15 0 0

wi‡cvU©vm© Wv‡qwi 31 29 25 14 12 24 17 0 0

ïayB AvÇv 4 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

mvZKvnb 6 7 4 5 5 2 0 0 0

cvewjK B‡›U‡jKPzqvj 17 16 15 11 10 11 12 0 0

mivmwi Wv³vi 43 37 37 34 31 34 27 0 1

ˆekvLx

wUwf

`¨ weR‡bm †kv 24 22 18 23 62 18 8 0 0

wcÖq cÖv½Y AvIqvi

†W‡gv‡µwm

38 34 20 20 19 28 23 9 1

aªæc`x Kvwnbx 7 3 3 2 2 2 0 0 0

iƒcK_v 30 26 26 22 21 22 11 0 1

nvg` © ¯v ’ K_v 25 22 18 19 21 19 16 0 0

Avi

wUwf

ZviKvjvc 37 38 36 37 27 36 33 0 0

wWfvBb d«›U jvBb 15 14 14 14 1 14 13 0 0

AviG‡K wbDR A¨vÛ wfDR 17 16 16 16 16 16 14 0 1

Avwg GLb Kx Kie 67 67 54 63 60 61 56 1 37

fv‡jv _vKzb 26 23 23 14 20 17 0 0 0

UK Ae `¨ DBK 4 2 2 3 1 1 1 0 0

evsjvwfkb

we‡Kvb dvg©v †nj_

Avc‡WU

23 20 16 17 21 15 13 0 0

wbDR Ae `¨ †W 15 10 5 5 3 10 6 0 0

Av‡jv Qvqvi Avqbv 5 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 0

Avcb Lei 3 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

mevi Dc‡i †`k 24 20 17 18 19 17 4 2 0

w`MšÍ

wUwf

wewea cÖm½ 5 5 2 4 11 4 0 0 0

GKz‡ki ivZ 57 39 47 40 39 42 13 2 0

†mvbvgwY my‡L Amy‡L 10 4 4 4 4 2 2 0 1

†`nNwo 12 9 8 8 6 8 3 0 0

AZtci Avwg 14 14 11 11 6 4 1 0 0

w`bwU †Kgb hv‡e 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

GKz‡k

wUwf

GKz‡ki mÜ¨v 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

†mvRvK_v 67 51 56 54 55 47 27 0 0

†ejv A‡ejv mviv‡ejv 4 2 3 3 2 1 0 0 0

†`k

wUwf

gyL I gyLiZv 7 7 7 7 7 6 1 0 0

AvR‡Ki evsjv‡`k 78 82 72 68 65 59 33 8 1

BwÛ‡c‡Û›U

wUwf

LvZzbMÄ †_‡K gwZwSj 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

GKvËi gÂ 72 65 50 37 34 59 53 11 0

GKvËi

GKvËi gÂ 72 65 50 37 34 59 53 11 0

RqZz 71 60 54 57 34 61 40 4 1

GKvËi Rvb©vj 87 69 60 55 53 73 64 20 0

GKvËi

wUwf

GKvËi Awff~Z 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

wbDR AvIqvi G·Uªv 107 103 37 92 77 77 72 54 0

†mvjvi j¨vÛ weR UK 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0

dv÷© GBW 3 2 2 2 0 0 1 0 0

GwUGb

wbDR

Bqvs bvBU 11 10 11 11 2 7 9 0 0

mviwY-8

wbix¶v

mviwY-8 DwjøwLZ †Uwe‡j UK‡kvÕi †h †h Abyl½¸‡jv `k©K-†kªvZv‡K

AvKl©Y K‡i Zv Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| Dc ’vwcZ DcvË Abymv‡i 380 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨ 176 Rb ÔZ…ZxqgvÎvÕi welqe ‘‡K cÖ_g ’vb

w`‡q‡Qb| 120 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv wØZxq ’vb w`‡q‡Qb, ÔMÖvgxY‡dvb

AvR‡Ki msev`c‡ÎÕi welqe ‘‡K| Z…Zxq ’vb w`‡q‡Qb 107 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZv ÔwbDR AvIqvi G·UªvÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K| Gici ÔKv‡bKwUs

evsjv‡`‡kÕi welqe ‘‡K PZz_© ’vb w`‡q‡Qb 99 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| cÂg

’v‡b i‡q‡Q ÔGKvËi Rvb©vjÕ hv 87 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv †e‡Q wb‡q‡Qb|

Zvici 78 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔAvR‡Ki evsjv‡`‡ki welqe ‘‡K lô ’vb

w`‡q‡Qb| Ôwewewm evsjv‡`k msjvcÕ i‡q‡Q mßg ’v‡b hv 77 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZv mg_©b K‡i‡Qb| 73 Rb mg_©b Rvwb‡q‡Qb Ômsev`c‡Î evsjv‡`kÕ

Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K hv Aóg ’v‡b i‡q‡Q| 72 Rb mg_©b Rvwb‡q‡Qb

ÔGKvËi g‡ÂÕi welqe ‘‡K hv beg ’v‡b i‡q‡Q| Avi `kg ’v‡b i‡q‡Q

Ô†Uwj‡cÖmwµckbÕ I ÔRqZzÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘ hv 71 Rb K‡i †gvU

142 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv mg_©b w`‡q‡Qb| 67 Rb K‡i †gvU 134 Rb

GKv`k ’v‡b †i‡L‡Qb h_vµ‡g ÔAvwg GLb Kx KieÕ I Ô†mvRvK_vÕ

Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K| Aciw`‡K 57 Rb k©K-†kªvZv Øv`k ’vb w`‡q‡Qb

ÔGKz‡ki ivZÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K| Î‡qv`k Ae ’v‡b i‡q‡Q Ômivmwi

Wv³viÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘ hv 43 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv mg_©b Rvwb‡q‡Qb|

ÔwcÖq cÖv½Y AvIqvi †W‡gv‡µwmÕi welqe ‘ i‡q‡Q PZz ©k ’v‡b hv 38 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv †e‡Q wb‡q‡Qb| ÔZviKvjvcÕ i‡q‡Q cÂ`k ’v‡b hvi

welqe ‘‡K †e‡Q wb‡q‡Qb 37 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| Avi 34 Rb ÔMÖvgxY‡dvb

wR‡iv AvIqviÕ-Gi welqe ‘‡K lô`k ’vb w`‡q‡Qb| GQvov Ôwi‡cvU©vm©

Wv‡qwiÕi welqe ‘ i‡q‡Q mß`k ’v‡b hv 31 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv mg_©b

K‡i‡Qb| 30 Rb ÔiƒcK_vÕi welqe ‘‡K Aóv`k ’v‡b †i‡L‡Qb| Av‡iv

26 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Ôfv‡jv _vKzbÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K EbweskwZ ’v‡b

†i‡L‡Qb| weskwZ ’v‡b †i‡L‡Qb Ônvg``© ¯v¯’ K_vÕ Abyôv‡bi

welqe ‘‡K hv 25 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv mg_©b w`‡q‡Qb| GQvovI 24 Rb

K‡i †gvU 48 Rb Avjv`vfv‡e mg_©b w`‡q GKweskwZ ’v‡b †i‡L‡Qb

h_vµ‡g Ôgv I wkïi K_vÕ I Ômevi Dc‡i †`kÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K|

ØvweskwZ ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q Ôwe‡Kvb dvg©v †nj_ Avc‡WUÕ-Gi welqe ‘ hv

23 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv mg_©b w`‡q‡Qb| Avi Î‡qvweskwZ ’v‡b i‡q‡Q

ÔZviKvK_bÕ-Gi welqe ‘ 20 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| PZywe©skwZ

’v‡b i‡q‡Q ÔcvewjK B‡›U‡jKPzqvjÕ I ÔAviG‡K wbDR A¨vÛ wfDRÕ

Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘ hv 17 Rb K‡i †gvU 34 Rb †e‡Q wb‡q‡Qb| 16 Rb

mg_©b K‡i‡Qb ÔAvwg gv n‡Z P‡jwQÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K hv cÂweskwZ

’v‡b i‡q‡Q| 15 Rb K‡i †gvU 30 Rb †e‡Q wb‡q‡Qb ÔwWfvBb

d«›UjvBbÕ I ÔwbDR Ae `¨ †WÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K hv lo&weskwZ ’v‡b

i‡q‡Q| mßweskwZ ’v‡bi AwaKvix n‡q‡Q ÔAZtci AvwgÕ Abyôv‡bi

welqe ‘ hv 14 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv †e‡Q wb‡q‡Qb| 13 Rb ÔLei cÖwZw`bÕ

Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K mg_©b w`‡q AóvweskwZ ’v‡b †i‡L‡Qb| EbwÎskr

’v‡b i‡q‡Q Ô†`nNwoÕi welqe ‘ hv 12 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv mg_©‡b| 11 Rb

K‡i †gvU 22 Rb Avjv`vfv‡e wÎskr ’vb w`‡q‡Qb h_vµ‡g ÔZbygbÕ I

ÔBqvs bvBUÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K| GKwÎskr ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q Ô†mvbvgwY

my‡L Amy‡LÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘ 10 Rb k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| 7 Rb K‡i

†gvU 14 Rb Avjv`vfv‡e ØvwÎskr ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q h_vµ‡g Ôaªæc`x KvwnbxÕ

Ges ÔgyL I gyLiZvÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K| 6 Rb Îqw ¿skr ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q

ÔmvZKvnbÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K| 5 Rb K‡i †gvU 10 Rb Avjv`vfv‡e

h_vµ‡g ÔAv‡jv Qvqvi AvqbvÕ I Ôwewea cÖm½Õi welqe ‘‡K PZ¡vwiskr

’v‡b †i‡L‡Qb| 4 Rb K‡i †gvU 16 Rb Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g

Ô†UwjmgqÕ, ÔïayB AvÇvÕ, ÔUK Ae `¨ DBKÕ I Ô†ejv A‡ejv mviv‡ejvÕ

Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K †e‡Q wb‡q cÂwÎskr ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q| 3 Rb K‡i

†gvU 9 Rb Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g Ô†Lvjv AvKvkÕ, ÔAvcb LeiÕ I Ôdv÷©

GBWÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K lU&wÎskr ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q| GQvovI 2 Rb K‡i

†gvU 4 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g Ô†Kv_vq `uvwo‡q AvgivÕ I

ÔU¨v· †níjvBbÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K mßwÎskr ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q| Avi 1

Rb K‡i †gvU 3 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g ÔGKz‡ki mÜ¨vÕ,

ÔGKvËi Awff~ZÕ I Ô†mvjvi j¨vÛ weR UKÕ Abyôv‡bi welqe ‘‡K

AóvwÎskwZ ¯’v‡b †i‡L‡Q|

Av‡jvP¨ †Uwe‡j Abyôvb¸‡jvi mÂvjK m¤ú‡K© †h wPÎ D‡V G‡m‡Q

Zvn‡jv, me©vwaK `k©K-†kªvZv A_©vr 172 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔZ„ZxqgvÎvÕi

mÂvjK‡K mg_©b w`‡q cÖ_g ’v‡b ’vb w`‡q‡Qb| 112 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

ÔMÖvgxY‡dvb AvR‡Ki msev`c‡ÎÕi mÂvjK‡K †e‡Q wb‡q wØZxq ’vb

w`‡q‡Qb| Z„Zxq ’v‡b i‡q‡Q ÔwbDR AvIqvi G·UªvÕ-Gi mÂvjK hv 103

Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q‡Qb| Avi ÔAvR‡Ki evsjv‡`kÕi mÂvjK

82 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q PZz_© ’v‡b i‡q‡Qb| Ômsev`c‡Î

evsjv‡`kÕi mÂvjK i‡q‡Qb cÂg ’v‡b hv 73 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv mg_©b

K‡i‡Qb| lô ¯’v‡b i‡q‡Qb Ô†Uwj‡cÖmwµckbÕi mÂvjK 70 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| Avi 69 R‡bi mg_©‡b mßg ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q ÔGKvËi

Rvb©vjÕi mÂvjK| 67 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b Aóg ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q

ÔAvwg GLb Kx KieÕ Abyôv‡bi mÂvjK| Avevi Ôwewewm evsjv‡`k

msjv‡ci mÂvjK beg ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q 66 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b|

`kg ’v‡b i‡q‡Q ÔGKvËi g‡ÂÕi mÂvjK whwb mg_©b †c‡q‡Qb 65 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZvi| GKv`k ’v‡b i‡q‡Qb ÔRqZzÕ Abyôv‡bi mÂvjK whwb

mg_©b †c‡q‡Qb 60 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi| GQvov Ô†mvRvK_vÕi mÂvjK

i‡q‡Qb Øv`k ¯’v‡b 51 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| ÔMÖvgxY‡dvb wR‡iv

AvIqviÕi mÂvjK i‡q‡Qb Î‡qv`k ’v‡b 46 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b

†c‡q| Avevi ÔGKz‡ki ivZÕ Abyôv‡bi mÂvjK PZz ©k ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q

39 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q| GQvovI ÔZviKvjvcÕ Abyôv‡bi

mÂvjK cÂ`k ¯’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q 38 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| 37 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q lô`k ’vb †c‡q‡Qb Ômivmwi Wv³viÕi

mÂvjK| Avi 34 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q mß`k ’vb †c‡q‡Qb

ÔwcÖq cÖv½Y AvIqvi †W‡gv‡µwmÕi mÂvjK| GQvov Aóv`k ’v‡b i‡q‡Q

wi‡cvU©vm© Wv‡qwiÕi mÂvjK 29 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q|

EbweskwZ ¯’v‡b i‡q‡Qb ÔLei cÖwZw`‡biÕ mÂvjK 28 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi

mg_©‡b| Avi weskwZ ’v‡b i‡q‡Qb 26 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q

ÔiƒcK_vÕ Abyôv‡bi mÂvjK| Gw`‡K Ôfv‡jv _vKzbÕ Abyôv‡bi mÂvjK

i‡q‡Qb GKweskwZ ’v‡b 23 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q| 20 Rb K‡i

†gvU 40 R‡bi Avjv`vfv‡e mg_©b †c‡q h_vµ‡g Ôwe‡Kvb dvg©v †nj_

Avc‡WUÕ I mevi Dc‡i †`kÕi mÂvjK ØvweskwZ ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q|

Ab¨w`‡K Î‡qvweskwZ ’vb †c‡q‡Qb ÔZviKvK_bÕi mÂvjK 18 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q| Avevi 16 Rb K‡i 32 Rb k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e

mg_©b K‡i h_vµ‡g ÔcvewjK B‡›U‡jKPzqvjÕ I ÔAviG‡K wbDR A¨vÛ

wfDRÕi mÂvjK PZzwe©skwZ ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q| 14 Rb K‡i †gvU 28 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZvi Avjv`vfv‡e mg_©b †c‡q h_vµ‡g ÔwWfvBb d«›UjvBbÕ I

ÔAZtci AvwgÕi mÂvjK cÂweskwZ ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q| Avi lo&weskwZ

’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q ÔAvwg gv n‡Z P‡jwQÕi mÂvjK 11 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi

mg_©b wb‡q| GQvov 10 Rb K‡i †gvU 20 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi Avjv`vfv‡e

mg_©b †c‡q h_vµ‡g ÔwbDR Ae `¨ †WÕ I ÔBqvs bvBUÕi mÂvjK

mßweskwZ ’vb †c‡q‡Q| Gw`‡K Ô†`nNwoÕi mÂvjK AóvweskwZ ’vb K‡i

wb‡q‡Qb 9 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b wb‡q| 7 Rb K‡i †gvU 14 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZvi mg_©‡b Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g ÔmvZKvnbÕ I ÔgyL I gyLiZvÕi

mÂvjK EbwÎskr ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q| Aciw`‡K ÔZbygbÕi mÂvjK 6

R‡bi mg_©b †c‡q wÎskr ’v‡b i‡q‡Q| Avevi Ôwewea cÖm½Õi mÂvjK 5

R‡bi mg_©b †c‡q GKwÎskr ’v‡b i‡q‡Q| Avi ØvwÎskr ’v‡b i‡q‡Q

Ô†mvbvgwY my‡L Amy‡LÕ Abyôv‡bi mÂvjK 4 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b

†c‡q| AviI i‡q‡Q 3 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b wb‡q Îqw¯Œskr ’v‡b ’vb

K‡i wb‡q‡Q Ôaªæc`x KvwnbxÕi mÂvjK| Avi 2 Rb K‡i †gvU 12 Rb

Avjv`vfv‡e mg_©b w`‡q h_vµ‡g Ô†UwjmgqÕ, Ô†Lvjv AvKvkÕ, ÔUK Ae `¨

DBKÕ, ÔAv‡jv Qvqvi AvqbvÕ, Ô†ejv A‡ejv mviv‡ejvÕ I Ôdv÷© GBWÕi

mÂvjK PZzw ¿skr ’v‡b ’vb †c‡q‡Q| GQvovI 1 Rb K‡i †gvU 8 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZvi Avjv`v mg_©b †c‡q cÂwÎskr ’v‡b ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q

h_vµ‡g Ô†Kv_vq uvwo‡q AvgivÕ, ÔU¨v· †níjvBbÕ, ÔïayB AvÇvÕ, ÔAvcb

LeiÕ, Ôw`bwU †Kgb hv‡eÕ, ÔGKz‡ki mÜ¨vÕ, ÔGKvËi Awff~ZÕ Ges

Ô†mvjvi j¨vÛ weR UKÕ-Gi mÂvjK|

Av‡jvP¨ As‡k †mU m¤úwK©Z gZvgZ n‡jv, 147 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

Z„ZxqgvÎvÕi gÂm¾v‡K cÖ_g ’vb w`‡q‡Qb| 73 Rb w`‡q‡Qb wØZxq ’vb

MÖvgxY‡dvb AvR‡Ki msev`c‡Îi gÂm¾v‡K| Z„Zxq ’v‡b i‡q‡Q

AvR‡Ki evsjv‡`‡ki gÂm¾v 72 R‡bi mg_©b †c‡q| Avevi 65 R‡bi

mg_©‡b PZz_© ¯’v‡b i‡q‡Q wewewm evsjv‡`k msjv‡ci gÂm¾v| GKvËi

29

wbix¶v

Rvb©v‡ji gÂm¾v i‡q‡Q cÂg ’v‡b 60 R‡bi mg_©b †c‡q| Avi

†mvRvK_vÕi gÂm¾vi ’vb lô hvi mg_©K 56 Rb| ÔAvwg GLb Kx KieÕ

I RqZzÕi gÂm¾vi ’vb i‡q‡Q mßg ’v‡b hvi mg_©K 54 Rb K‡i †gvU

108 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| Avevi 50 R‡bi mg_©‡b Aóg ’v‡b i‡q‡Q

GKvËi g‡Âi gÂm¾v| 47 R‡bi mg_©‡b beg ’v‡b i‡q‡Q GKz‡ki

iv‡Zi gÂm¾v| Avi †Uwj‡cÖmwµckb I MÖvgxY‡dvb wR‡iv AvIqvi-Gi

gÂm¾v i‡q‡Q `kg ’v‡b hv 42 Rb K‡i †gvU 84 R‡bi mg_©b †c‡q|

41 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv msev`c‡Î evsjv‡`‡ki gÂm¾v‡K GKv`k ’vb

w`‡q‡Q| 37 Rb K‡i †gvU 74 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv mivmwi Wv³vi I wbDR

AvIqvi G·UªvÕi gÂm¾v‡K Øv`k ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q| Avi 36 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZv ZviKvjv‡ci gÂm¾v‡K Î‡qv`k ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q| iƒcK_vÕi

gÂm¾v‡K PZz`©k ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q 26 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| Avi wi‡cvU©vm©

Wv‡qwiÕi gÂm¾v‡K cÂ`k ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q 25 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| 23 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv fv‡jv _vKz‡bi gÂm¾v‡K lô`k ’vb w`‡q‡Q| Gw`‡K 20

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv wcÖq cÖv½Y AvIqvi †W‡gv‡µwmÕi gÂm¾v‡K mß`k

’v‡b †i‡L‡Q| Avevi 18 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Aóv`k ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q nvg``©

¯v ’ K_vÕi gÂm¾v‡K| EbweskwZ ’v‡b ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q mevi Dc‡i

†`kÕi gÂm¾v‡K 17 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| Avi weskwZ ’v‡b ’vb K‡i

w`‡q‡Q AviG‡K wbDR A¨vÛ wfDR I we‡Kvb dvg©v †nj_ Avc‡WU-Gi

gÂm¾v‡K 16 Rb K‡i †gvU 32 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| cvewjK

B‡›U‡jKPzqv‡ji gÂm¾v †c‡q‡Q GKweskwZ ’vb 15 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi

mg_©‡b| ZviKvK_b I wWfvBb d«›UjvB‡bi gÂm¾v †c‡q‡Q ØvweskwZ

’vb 14 Rb K‡i †gvU 28 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| Avevi 11 Rb K‡i

†gvU 44 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g Lei cÖwZw`b, gv I wkïi

K_v, AZtci Avwg I Bqvs bvB‡Ui gÂm¾v‡K Î‡qvweskwZ ’vb w`‡q‡Q|

†`nNwoÕi gÂm¾v‡K PZyywe©skwZ ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q 8 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| Avi

gyL I gyLiZvÕi gÂm¾v‡K cÂwesk ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q 7 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv|

6 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv lo&weskwZ ’vb w`‡q‡Q Avwg gv n‡Z P‡jwQÕi

gÂm¾v‡K| Avi 5 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv mßweskwZ ’v‡b ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q

wbDR Ae `¨ †W-Gi gÂm¾v‡K| 4 Rb K‡i †gvU 12 Rb Avjv`vfv‡e

h_vµ‡g Zbygb, mvZKvnb Ges †mvbvgwY my‡L Amy‡L Abyôv‡bi

gÂm¾v‡K AóvweskwZ ’v‡b ’vb w`‡q‡Q| 3 Rb K‡i †gvU 6 Rb

Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g aªæc`x Kvwnbx I †ejv A‡ejv mviv‡ejvÕi

gÂm¾v‡K Dbweskr ’v‡b ’vb w`‡q‡Q| 2 Rb K‡i †gvU 12 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g †Uwjmgq, †Lvjv AvKvk, UK Ae `¨ DBK,

Av‡jv Qvqvi Avqbv, wewea cÖm½ Ges dv÷© GBW-Gi gÂm¾v‡K wÎskr

’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Avi 1 Rb K‡i †gvU 5 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e

h_vµ‡g ïayB AvÇv, Avcb Lei, GKz‡ki mÜ¨v, GKvËi Awff~Z I

†mvjvi j¨vÛ weR UK Abyôv‡bi gÂm¾v‡K GKwÎskr ’v‡b ’vb K‡i

w`‡q‡Q|

cÖPviKv‡ji wPÎ Giƒc- 142 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Z„ZxqgvÎvÕi

cÖPviKvj‡K cQ›` K‡i cÖ_g ’vb w`‡q‡Q| Gici 92 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

wbDR AvIqvi G·UªvÕi cÖPviKvj‡K cQ›` K‡i wØZxq ’vb w`‡q‡Q| Avi

Z…Zxq ’vb w`‡q‡Q 72 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv MÖvgxY‡dvb AvR‡Ki msev`c‡Îi

cÖPviKvj‡K| GQvov 68 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv PZz_© ’vb w`‡q‡Q AvR‡Ki

evsjv‡`‡ki cÖPviKvj‡K| cÂg ’vb w`‡q‡Q ÔAvwg GLb Kx KieÕ-Gi

cÖPviKvj‡K 63 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| Ab¨w`‡K lô ’vb †c‡q‡Q wewewm

evsjv‡`k msjv‡ci cÖPviKvj 62 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q| Gw`‡K

mßg ’vb †c‡q‡Q RqZzÕi cÖPviKvj 57 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi cQ‡›`| Aóg

’vb †c‡q‡Q GKvËi Rvb©v‡ji cÖPviKvj 55 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi cQ‡›`|

Avi beg ’vb †c‡q‡Q †mvRvK_vÕi cÖPviKvj 54 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi

cQ‡›`| Avevi GKz‡ki iv‡Zi cÖPviKvj †c‡q‡Q `kg ’vb 40 Rb k©K-

†kªvZvi cQ‡›`| Avi 37 Rb K‡i †gvU 111 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e

cQ›` K‡i h_vµ‡g msev`c‡Î evsjv‡`k, ZviKvjvc I GKvËi g‡Âi

cÖPviKvj‡K GKv`k ’vb w`‡q‡Q| 35 Rb K‡i †gvU 70 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

Avjv`vfv‡e cQ›` K‡i h_vµ‡g †Uwj‡cÖmwµckb I MÖvgxY‡dvb wR‡iv

AvIqvi-Gi cÖPviKvj‡K Øv`k ’vb w`‡q‡Q| Avevi Î‡qv`k ’vb †c‡q‡Q

mivmwi Wv³v‡ii cÖPviKvj 34 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi cQ‡›`| GQvov PZy ©k

’vb †c‡q‡Q 22 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi cQ‡›` iƒcK_vÕi cÖPviKvj| Avi

cÂ`k ’vb †c‡q‡Q 20 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi cQ‡›` wcÖq cÖv½Y AvIqvi

†W‡gv‡µwmÕi cÖPviKvj| Avevi 19 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv nvg``© ¯v ’ K_vÕi

cÖPviKvj‡K lô`k ’vb w`‡q‡Q| 18 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv mevi Dc‡i †`kÕi

cÖPviKvj‡K mß`k ’vb w`‡q‡Q| Avi 17 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Aóv`k ’vb

w`‡q‡Q we‡Kvb dvg©v †nj_ Avc‡W‡Ui cÖPviKvj‡K| GQvov AviG‡K

wbDR A¨vÛ wfD‡Ri cÖPviKvj‡K EbweskwZ ’vb w`‡q‡Q 16 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZv| Avi 14 Rb K‡i †gvU 56 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e cQ›`

K‡i h_vµ‡g ZviKvK_b, wi‡cvU©vm© Wv‡qwi, wWfvBb d«›UjvBb Ges

fv‡jv _vKz‡bi cÖPviKvj‡K weskwZ ’vb w`‡q‡Q| Lei cÖwZw`‡bi

cÖPviKvj‡K GKweskwZ ’vb w`‡q‡Q 12 `k©K-†kªvZv| 11 Rb K‡i †gvU

33 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e cQ›` K‡i h_vµ‡g cvewjK

B‡›U‡jKPyqvj, AZtci Avwg Ges Bqvs bvB‡Ui cÖPviKvj‡K ØvweskwZ

’vb w`‡q‡Q| gv I wkïi K_vÕi cÖPviKvj‡K Î‡qvweskwZ ’vb w`‡q‡Q 10

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| Avevi †`nNwoÕi cÖPviKvj‡K PZzwe©skwZ ’vb w`‡q‡Q

8 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| gyL I gyLiZvÕi cÖPviKvj‡K cÂweskwZ ’vb w`‡q‡Q

7 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| 6 Rb K‡i †gvU 12 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv cQ›` K‡i

Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g Zbygb I Avwg gv n‡Z P‡jwQÕi cÖPviKvj‡K

lo&weskwZ ’vb w`‡q‡Q| Avevi 5 Rb K‡i †gvU 10 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

cQ›` K‡i Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g mvZKvnb I wbDR Ae `¨ †WÕi

cÖPviKvj‡K mßweskwZ ’vb w`‡q‡Q| Avi 4 Rb K‡i †gvU 8 Rb

Avjv`vfv‡e cQ›` K‡i h_vµ‡g wewea cÖm½ I †mvbvgwY my‡L Amy‡LÕi

cÖPviKvj‡K AóvweskwZ ’vb w`‡q‡Q| Avevi UK Ae `¨ DBK I †ejv

A‡ejv mviv‡ejvÕi cÖPviKvj‡K EbwÎskwZ ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q 3 Rb K‡i †gvU

9 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e cQ›` K‡i| aªæc`x Kvwnbx, Av‡jv Qvqvi

Avqbv I dv÷© GB‡Wi cÖPviKvj wÎskr ’vb †c‡q‡Q 2Rb K‡i †gvU 6

Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi Avjv`vfv‡e cQ‡›`| GQvovI 1 Rb K‡i †gvU 5 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e cQ›` K‡i h_vµ‡g †Uwjmgq, †Lvjv AvKvk,

ïayB AvÇv, Avcb Lei Ges GKz‡ki mÜ¨vÕi cÖPviKvj‡K GKwÎskr

’v‡b ’vb w`‡q‡Q|

GLv‡b Abyôv‡bi e¨vwß m¤úwK©Z `k©K-†kªvZvi gZvgZ n‡jv, 132

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Z…ZxqgvÎvÕi e¨vwß‡K mg_©b w`‡q cÖ_g ’vb w`‡q‡Q| 77

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv wbDR AvIqvi G·UªvÕi e¨vwß‡K wØZxq ’vb w`‡q‡Q| Avi

65 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv AvR‡Ki evsjv‡`‡ki e¨vwß‡K Z…Zxq ’vb w`‡q‡Q|

Avevi 64 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv wewewm evsjv‡`k msjv‡ci e¨vwß‡K PZy_© ’vb

w`‡q‡Q| cÂg ’vb †c‡q‡Q MÖvgxY‡dvb AvR‡Ki msev`c‡Îi e¨vwß 63

Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q| Avi lô ’vb †c‡q‡Q Avwg GLb Kx

KieÕi e¨vwß 60 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q| Gw`‡K mßg ’vb

†c‡q‡Q †mvRvK_vÕi e¨vwß 55 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| 53 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZvi mg_©‡b Aóg ’vb †c‡q‡Q GKvËi Rvb©v‡ji e¨vwß| 43 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZv beg ’vb w`‡q‡Q msev`c‡Î evsjv‡`‡ki e¨vwß‡K| GQvov 39 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv `kg ’vb w`‡q‡Q GKz‡ki iv‡Zi e¨vwß‡K| 34 Rb K‡i †gvU

68 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e mg_©b w`‡q h_vµ‡g GKvËi gÂ I

RqZzÕi e¨vwß‡K GKv`k ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Aciw`‡K †Uwj‡cÖmwµck‡bi

e¨vwß‡K Øv`k ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q 33 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| mivmwi Wv³v‡ii

e¨vwß‡K Î‡qv`k ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q 31 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| Avi 29 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv MÖvgxY‡dvb wR‡iv AvIqv‡ii e¨vwß‡K PZz ©k ’vb w`‡q‡Q| 27

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ZviKvjv‡ci e¨vwß‡K cÂ`k ’vb w`‡q‡Q| Avi 21 Rb

K‡i †gvU 63 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g iƒcK_v, nvg` © ¯v ’

K_v I we‡Kvb dvg©v †nj_ Avc‡W‡Ui e¨vwß‡K lô`k ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q|

Gw`‡K fv‡jv _vKz‡bi e¨vwß‡K mß`k ’vb w`‡q‡Q 20 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv|

wcÖq cÖv½Y AvIqvi †W‡gv‡µwm I mevi Dc‡i †`‡ki e¨vwß Aóv`k ’vb

†c‡q‡Q 19 Rb K‡i †gvU 38 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi Avjv`vfv‡e mg_©‡b|

AviG‡K wbDR A¨vÛ wfD‡Ri e¨vwß EbweskwZ ’vb †c‡q‡Q 16 Rb k©K-

†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q| Avevi Lei cÖwZw`‡bi e¨vwß †c‡q‡Q weskwZ ’vb 13

R‡bi mg_©b †c‡q| Avi wi‡cvU©vm© Wv‡qwiÕi e¨vwß †c‡q‡Q GKweskwZ ’vb

12 R‡bi mg_©b †c‡q| GQvov wewea cÖm‡½i e¨vwß ØvweskwZ ’vb 11

R‡bi mg_©b †c‡q| 7 Rb K‡i †gvU 14 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi Avjv`vfv‡e

mg_©b †c‡q PZzwe©skwZ ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q h_vµ‡g †`nNwo I AZtci

AvwgÕi e¨vwß| Avevi 5 Rb K‡i †gvU 15 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi Avjv`vfv‡e

mg_©‡b cÂweskwZ ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q h_vµ‡g Zbygb, Avwg gv n‡Z P‡jwQ

Ges mvZKvnb Abyôv‡bi e¨vwß| GQvov 4 Rb K‡i †gvU 8 Rb `k©K-

30

wbix¶v

†kªvZvi Avjv`vfv‡e mg_©‡b lo&weskwZ ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q h_vµ‡g

ZviKvK_b I †mvbvgwYi my‡L Amy‡L Abyôv‡bi e¨vwß| Avi wbDR Ae `¨

†WÕi e¨vwß †c‡q‡Q mßweskwZ ’vb 3 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| 2 Rb

K‡i †gvU 6 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi Avjv`vfv‡e mg_©‡b AóvweskwZ ’vb

†c‡q‡Q h_vµ‡g aªæc`x Kvwnbx, †ejv A‡ejv mviv‡ejv I Bqvs bvB‡Ui

e¨vwß| Avi 1 Rb K‡i †gvU 9 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e mg_©b w`‡q

EbwÎskr ’v‡b ’vb w`‡q‡Q h_vµ‡g †Uwjmgq, †Lvjv AvKvk, ïayB AvÇv,

wWfvBb d«›UjvBb, UK Ae `¨ DBK, Av‡jv Qvqvi Avqbv, Avcb Lei,

GKz‡ki mÜ¨v Ges †mvjvi j¨vÛ weR UK-Gi e¨vwß|

Avgwš¿Z AwZw_ wel‡q jÿ¨ Kiv hvq, 155 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

Z…ZxqgvÎvÕi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì cQ›` K‡i cÖ_g ’v‡b †i‡L‡Qb| 107

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv MÖvgxY‡dvb AvR‡Ki msev`c‡Îi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì

†i‡L‡Qb wØZxq ’v‡b| Avi 77 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv wbDR AvIqvi G·UªvÕi

Avgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì Z…Zxq ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q| GKvËi Rvb©v‡ji Avgwš¿Z

AwZw_‡ì PZz_© ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q 73 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| msev`c‡Î

evsjv‡`‡ki Avgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì cÂg ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q 71 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZv| Avevi lô ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q †Uwj‡cÖmwµck‡bi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_iv

63 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q| Aciw`‡K 61 Rb K‡i †gvU 122

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g Avwg GLb Kx Kie I RqZzÕi

Avgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì mßg ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q| Avevi 59 Rb K‡i †gvU 177

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g wewewm evsjv‡`k msjvc, AvR‡Ki

evsjv‡`k I GKvËi g‡Âi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì Aóg ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q|

†mvRvK_vÕi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_iv beg ’vb †c‡q‡Q 47 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi

mg_©b †c‡q| Avi GKz‡ki iv‡Zi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_iv `kg ’vb †c‡q‡Q

42 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q| 36 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ZviKvjv‡ci

Avgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì GKv`k ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Avi 34 Rb K‡i †gvU

68 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g MÖvgxY‡dvb wR‡iv AvIqvi I

mivmwi Wv³v‡ii Avgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì Øv`k ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q| GQvov wcÖq

cÖv½Y AvIqvi †W‡gv‡µwmÕi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_iv Î‡qv`k ’vb †c‡q‡Q 28

Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| Avi wi‡cvU©vm© Wv‡qwiÕi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_iv

PZz ©k ’vb †c‡q‡Q 24 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| Ab¨w`‡K 22 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv cÂ`k ’vb w`‡q‡Q iƒcK_vÕi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì| 19 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv lô`k ’vb w`‡q‡Q nvg``© ¯v ’ K_vÕi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì|

Avevi Lei cÖwZw`‡bi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_iv mß`k ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q 18 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q| Aciw`‡K 17 Rb K‡i †gvU 34 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g fv‡jv _vKzb I mevi Dc‡i †`kÕi Avgwš¿Z

AwZw_‡ì Aóv`k ’vb w`‡q‡Q| AviG‡K wbDR A¨vÛ wfD‡Ri Avgwš¿Z

AwZw_iv EbweskwZ ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q 16 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q|

Avi we‡Kvb dvg©v †nj_ Avc‡W‡Ui Avgwš¿Z AwZw_iv weskwZ ’vb K‡i

wb‡q‡Q 15 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q| GQvov wWfvBb d«›UjvB‡bi

Avgwš¿Z AwZw_iv GKweskwZ ’vb †c‡q‡Q 14 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b

†c‡q| ZviKvK_‡bi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_iv ØvweskwZ ’vb †c‡q‡Q 13 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q| Avevi cvewjK B‡›U‡jKPzqv‡ji Avgwš¿Z

AwZw_iv Î‡qvweskwZ ’vb †c‡q‡Q 11 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q|

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I wkïi K_v Ges wbDR Ae `¨ †WÕi Avgwš¿Z‡ì PZywe©skwZ ’vb K‡i

w`‡q‡Q| Avevi Avwg gv n‡Z P‡jwQÕi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_iv cÂweskwZ ’vb

K‡i wb‡q‡Q 9 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| †`nNwoÕi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_iv

8 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b lo&weskwZ ’vb †c‡q‡Q| Avevi 7 Rb K‡i

†gvU 14 `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g Zbygb I Bqvs bvB‡Ui

Avgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì mßweskwZ ’v‡b ¯’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q| gyL I gyLiZvÕi

Avgwš¿Z AwZw_iv 6 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b AóvweskwZ ’vb †c‡q‡Q|

4Rb K‡i †gvU 8 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g wewea cÖm½ I

AZtci AvwgÕi Avgwš¿¿Z AwZw_‡ì EbwÎskr ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q| 2 Rb

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aªæc`x Kvwnbx I †mvbvgwY my‡L Amy‡LÕi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_iv wÎskr ’vb

w`‡q‡Q| Avi 1 Rb K‡i †gvU 5 Rb Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g †Lvjv AvKvk,

UK Ae `¨ DBK, Av‡jv Qvqvi Avqbv, †ejv A‡ejv mviv‡ejv I †mvjvi

j¨vÛ weR UKÕi Avgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì GKwÎskr ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q|

G ch©v‡q †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖn‡Yi wPÎ n‡jv- 76 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZv Z…ZxqgvÎvÕi †dv‡b k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K cQ›` K‡i cÖ_g ’vb

w`‡q‡Q| Avi 72 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv wbDR AvIqvi G·UªvÕi †dv‡b `k©K-

†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K cQ›` K‡i wØZxq ’vb w`‡q‡Q| Z…Zxq ’vb w`‡q‡Q

GKvËi Rvb©v‡ji †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K 64 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

cQ›` K‡i| 56 Rb K‡i †gvU 112 Rb k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g

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AskMÖnY‡K PZz_© ’vb w`‡q‡Q| Gw`‡K msev`c‡Î evsjv‡`‡ki †dv‡b

`k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K cÂg ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q 55 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv|

GKvËi g‡Âi †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K lô ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q 53 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv| Avi †Uwj‡cÖmwµck‡bi †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K

mßg ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q 51 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| Aóg ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q 47

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv MÖvgxY‡dvb AvR‡Ki msev`c‡ÎÕi †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi

AskMÖnY‡K| Avi beg ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q 40 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv RqZzÕi

†dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K| GQvov 33 Rb K‡i †gvU 66 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g ZviKvjvc I AvR‡Ki evsjv‡`‡ki

†dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K `kg ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q| Avevi 27 Rb K‡i

†gvU 54 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g mivmwi Wv³vi I

†mvRvK_vÕi †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K GKv`k ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q|

23 Rb K‡i †gvU 46 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g Lei cÖwZw`b

I wcÖq cÖv½Y AvIqvi †W‡gv‡µwmÕi †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K

Øv`k ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q| wi‡cvU©vm© Wv‡qwiÕi †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi

AskMÖnY‡K Î‡qv`k ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q 17 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv| Avevi nvg``©

¯v ’ K_vÕi †dv‡b k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K PZz ©k ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q 16 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv| 15 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv MÖvgxY‡dvb wR‡iv AvIqv‡ii †dv‡b

`k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K cÂ`k ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q| 14 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

AviG‡K wbDR A¨vÛ wfD‡Ri †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K lô`k

’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Avevi 13 Rb K‡i †gvU 39 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g wWfvBb d«›UjvBb, we‡Kvb dvg©v †nj_ Avc‡WU

Ges GKz‡ki iv‡ZÕi †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K mß`k ’v‡b

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AskMÖnY‡K Aóv`k ’v‡b ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q 12 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b|

Avi 11 Rb K‡i †gvU 33 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g

ZviKvK_b, Avwg gv n‡Z P‡jwQ I iƒcK_vÕi †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi

AskMÖnY‡K EbweskwZ ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q| Bqvs bvB‡Ui †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi

AskMÖnY‡K weskwZ ’vb †c‡q‡Q 9 Rb k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| Avi wbDR

Ae `¨ †WÕi †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZv AskMÖnY GKweskwZ ’vb †c‡q‡Q 6 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| Avevi 5 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b gv I wkïi K_v

Abyôv‡bi †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K ØvweskwZ ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q|

4 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b mevi Dc‡i †`kÕi †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi

AskMÖnY‡K Î‡qvweskwZ K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Avi †`nNwoÕi †dv‡b `k©K-

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mg_©‡b| Avevi †mvbvgwY my‡L Amy‡LÕi †dv‡b `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K

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†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K PZzwe©skwZ ’v‡b ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q|

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Rb `k©K-†kªvZv wbDR AvIqvi G·UªvÕi wfwWIÕi gva¨‡g `k©K-†kªvZvi

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mg_©b w`‡q wØZxq ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Avi Z…Zxq ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q GKvËi

Rvb©v‡ji wfwWIÕi gva¨‡g `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY 20 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi

mg_©b wb‡q| PZz_© ’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q GKvËi g‡Âi wfwWIÕi gva¨‡g `k©K-

†kªvZvi AskMÖnY 11 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©b wb‡q| Aciw`‡K wcÖq cÖv½Y

AvIqvi †W‡gv‡µwmÕi wfwWIÕi gva¨‡g `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY cÂg ’vb

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gva¨‡g `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY lô ’vb †c‡q‡Q 8 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi

mg_©b †c‡q| mßg ’vb †c‡q‡Q †Uwj‡cÖmwµck‡bi wfwWIÕi gva¨‡g

`k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY 7 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| Aóg ’vb K‡i

wb‡q‡Q RqZzÕi wfwWIÕi gva¨‡g `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY 4 Rb `k©K-

†kªvZvi mg_©b †c‡q Avevi 3 Rb K‡i †gvU 6 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g Z…ZxqgvÎv I ZviKvK_‡bi wfwWIÕi gva¨‡g `k©K-

31

wbix¶v

†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K beg ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q| Avevi 2 Rb K‡i †gvU 4 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g mevi Dc‡i †`k I GKz‡ki iv‡Zi

wfwWIÕi gva¨‡g `k©K-†kªvZvi AskMÖnY‡K `kg ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q| Avi 1

Rb K‡i †gvU 2 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g msev`c‡Î

evsjv‡`k I Avwg GLb Kx KieÕi wfwWIÕi gva¨‡g `k©K-†kªvZvi

AskMÖnY‡K GKv`k ’v‡b †i‡L‡Q|

we‡klÁ gZvgZ m¤ú‡K© Rvbv hvq, 37 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avwg GLb

Kx KieÕi we‡klÁ gZvgZ‡K mg_©b w`‡q cÖ_g ’vb K‡i w`‡q‡Q|

Ab¨w`‡K †Uwj‡cÖmwµck‡bi we‡klÁ gZvgZ wØZxq ’vb †c‡q‡Q 9 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| Z…Zxq ’vb †c‡q‡Q wewewm evsjv‡`k msjv‡ci

we‡klÁ gZvgZ 4 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| 3 Rb K‡i †gvU 6 Rb

Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g gv I wkïi K_v I Z…ZxqgvÎvÕi we‡klÁ gZvgZ‡K

PZz_© ¯’v‡b †i‡L‡Q| Avi MÖvgxY‡dvb wR‡iv AvIqv‡ii we‡klÁ gZvgZ

cÂg ’vb †c‡q‡Q 2 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi mg_©‡b| GQvov 1 Rb K‡i †gvU

9 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g ZviKvK_b, msev`c‡Î

evsjv‡`k, mivmwi Wv³vi, wcÖq cÖv½Y AvIqvi †W‡gv‡µwm, iƒcK_v,

AviG‡K wbDR A¨vÛ wfDR, GKz‡ki ivZ, AvR‡Ki evsjv‡`k Ges

RqZzÕi we‡klÁ gZvgZ‡K lô ’vb w`‡q‡Q|

3.14.9 mÂvj‡Ki †h Abyl½¸‡jv `k©K-†kªvZv‡K AvKl©Y K‡i

mviwY-9 GB †Uwe‡j `k©K-†kªvZvi wbKU mÂvj‡Ki AvKl©Yxq

Abyl½¸‡jv Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| †Uwe‡j jÿ¨ Kiv hvq, `k©K-†kªvZv

me‡P‡q †ewk AvKl©Y‡eva K‡ib mÂvj‡Ki ÔevPbfw½Õ A_©vr 380 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨ 237 Rb Rvwb‡q‡Qb, mÂvj‡Ki evPbfw½i K_v hv

kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 62.37 fvM| Avevi 380 R‡bi g‡a¨

230 Rb Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Zv‡ì wbKU Ômswkøó wel‡q ch©vß cÖ ‘wZ fv‡jv

jv‡MÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 60.53 kZvsk| Avi 380 R‡bi g‡a¨

221 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi fv‡jv jv‡M mÂvj‡Ki Ôe¨w³Z¡Õ hv kZfvM

`k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 58.16 fvM| GQvovI 380 R‡bi g‡a¨ 185 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv e‡j‡Qb, Zv‡ì mÂvj‡Ki ÔkãPqbÕ AvKl©Y K‡i hv

kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 48.68 kZvsk| Avi 380 R‡bi g‡a¨ gvÎ 54

Rb e‡j‡Qb, Zv‡ì mÂvj‡Ki ÔmvRm¾vÕ fv‡jv jv‡M hv kZfvM `k©K-

†kªvZvi kZKiv 14.21 fvM|

3.14.10 Avgwš¿Z AwZw_i †h Abyl½¸‡jv `k©K-†kªvZv‡K AvKl©Y K‡i

mviwY-10 GB †Uwe‡j Avgwš¿Z AwZw_i †h Abyl½¸‡jv `k©K-†kªvZvi

fv‡jv jv‡M Zv Dc ’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b jÿ¨ Kiv hv‡”Q, Avgwš¿Z

AwZw_i e¨w³Z¡B me©vwaK `k©K-†kªvZvi AvKl©Yxq e‡j AwfgZ cÖKvk

K‡i‡Qb A_©vr 380 R‡bi g‡a¨ 321 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi wbKU Avgwš¿Z

AwZw_i e¨w³Z¡ fv‡jv jv‡M hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 84.47

fvM| 380 R‡bi g‡a¨ 255 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Rvwb‡h‡Qb, Zv‡ì Avgwš¿Z

AwZw_i mswkøó wel‡q ch©vß cÖ ‘wZ AvKl©Y K‡i hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

67.11 kZvsk| Avevi 380 R‡bi g‡a¨ 98 Rb e‡j‡Qb, Zv‡ì Avgwš¿Z

AwZw_i evPbfw½ fv‡jv jv‡M hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 25.79

fvM| GQvovI 380 R‡bi g‡a¨ 73 Rb Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Zv‡ì Avgwš¿Z

AwZw_i ÔkãPqbÕ fv‡jv jv‡M hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 19.21 kZvsk|

Avi 380 R‡bi g‡a¨ †Kej 27 Rb e‡j‡Qb, Zv‡ì Avgwš¿Z AwZw_i

mvRm¾v AvKl©Y K‡i hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 7.11 fvM|

3.14.11 `k©K-†kªvZv †hfv‡e AbyôvbwU †`‡Lb

mviwY-11 Av‡jvP¨ As‡k `k©K-†kªvZvi Abyôvb †`Lvi cÖeYZv Zz‡j aiv

n‡q‡Q| cÖZ¨ÿ Kiv hv‡”Q, 380 R‡bi g‡a¨ 201 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

wbqwgZ UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv

52.89 fvM| 96 Rb e‡j‡Qb, Zviv AbyôvbwU AwbqwgZfv‡e †`‡L

_v‡Kb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 25.27 kZvsk| Avi 76 Rb

Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Zviv gv‡S-gv‡S UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM

`k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 20 fvM| GQvovI 7 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv gv‡m `yÕGK

w`b †`‡L _v‡Kb e‡j Rvbvb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 1.84 kZvsk|

3.14.12 wbqwgZ UK‡kv †`Lvi KviY

mviwY-12 GB †Uwe‡j `k©K-†kªvZvi wbqwgZ UK‡kv †`Lvi KviY¸‡jv

Rvbevi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q| GLv‡b wbqwgZ nevi †cQ‡bi KviY¸‡jv‡K

†gvU Qq K¨vUvMwi‡Z web¨vm Kiv n‡q‡Q| †Uwe‡j †`Lv hv‡”Q, 201 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨ 73 Rb e‡j‡Qb, ÔcÖvß Z_¨ †_‡K fzj ms‡kvab Kiv

hvqÕ e‡j Zviv wbqwgZ UK‡kv †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

kZKiv 36.32 fvM| 41 Rb e‡j‡Qb, Ôhv cÖZ¨vkv K‡ib Zv cvIqv hvqÕ

d‡j Zviv wbqwgZ UK‡kv †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 16.42

kZvsk| Avevi 33 Rb Rvbv‡”Qb, ÔcÖvß Z_¨ Øviv wb‡Ri mv‡_ †evSvcov

Kiv hvqÕ ZvB Zviv wbqwgZ UK‡kv Abyôvb †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM

`k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 16.42 fvM| GQvovI 32 Rb Rvbv‡”Qb,

Ôwbi‡cÿ, hyw³hy³ ev MÖnY‡hvM¨ Z_¨Õ cvIqv hvq hv kZfvM `k©K-

†kªvZvi 15.92 kZvsk| AviI 11 Rb K‡i †gvU 22 Rb Avjv`vfv‡e

ej‡Qb, Zviv Ô†Uwj‡dv‡b mivmwi AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM cvbÕ I ÔAv‡jvPbv

†_‡K DcKvi cvIqv hvqÕ e‡j wbqwgZ †`‡L _v‡Kb hv kZfvM `k©K-

†kªvZvi 5.47 kZvsk K‡i †gvU 10.94 kZvsk|

3.14.13 AwbqwgZ nevi †cQ‡bi KviY¸‡jv

mviwY-13 GB †Uwe‡j AwbqwgZ nevi †cQ‡bi KviY¸‡jv †LuvRvi †Póv

Kiv n‡q‡Q| †Uwe‡j †`Lv hv‡”Q, 179 (†Uwej-11 †_‡K cÖvß

96+76+7) Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨ 88 Rb ej‡Qb, Ômg‡qi Afve ev

e¨ ÍZvi Kvi‡Y Zviv AwbqwgZ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 49.16

fvM| 53 Rb Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Zv‡ì mg‡qi mv‡_ UK‡kv Abyôvb cÖPv‡ii

mg‡qi wg‡j bv ZvB Zviv AwbqwgZ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 29.61

kZvsk| Avevi 21 Rb ej‡Qb, Zviv AbyôvbwU‡Z †Kv‡bv êwPÎ¨Zv Lyu‡R

cvb bv ZvB AwbqwgZ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 11.73 fvM|

Avi 17 Rb Rvbv‡”Qb, GK AwZw_ evievi Av‡mb ZvB Zviv AwbqwgZ

hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 9.50 kZvsk|

32

mÂvj‡Ki wewfbœ w`K

†Mvôx/`j

kãPqb evPbfw½ mvRm¾v e¨w³Z¡ mswkøó wel‡q

ch©vß cÖ ‘wZ

Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb %

`k©K-†kªvZv

185 48.68 237 62.37 54 14.21 221 58.16 230 60.53

mviwY-9

µ.b. KviY¸‡jv Rb kZKiv nvi

K. wbi‡c¶, hyw³hy³ ev MÖnY‡hvM¨ Z_¨ cvIqv hvq 32 15.92

L. cÖvß Z_¨ †_‡K fzj ms‡kvab Kiv hvq 73 36.32

M. cÖvß Z_¨ Øviv wb‡Ri mv‡_ †evSvcov Kiv hvq 33 16.42

N. Av‡jvPbv †_‡K DcKvi cvIqv hvq 11 5.47

O. hv cÖZ¨vkv K‡ib Zv cvIqv hvq 41 20.40

P. †Uwj‡dv‡b mivmwi AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM i‡q‡Q 11 5.47

†gvU= 201 100

mviwY-12

Abyôvb †`Lvi

aib

†Mvôx/`j

wbqwgZfv‡e AwbqwgZfv‡e gv‡S-gv‡S gv‡m

yÕGKw`b

†gvU


`k©K-†kªvZv

201 52.89 96 25.27 76 20 7 1.84 380 100

mviwY-11

Avgwš¿Z AwZw_i

wewfbœ w`K

†Mvôx/`j

kãPqb evPbfw½ mvRm¾v e¨w³Z¡ mswkøó wel‡q

ch©vß cÖ ‘wZ


`k©K-†kªvZv

73 19.21 98 25.79 27 7.11 321 84.47 255 67.11

mviwY-10

µ.b. KviY¸‡jv Rb kZKiv nvi

K. cÖPviKvj 53 29.61

L. mg‡qi Afve ev e¨¯ÍZv 88 49.16

M. GK AwZw_ evievi 17 9.50

N. êwPÎ¨Zv †bB 21 11.73

†gvU= 179 100

mviwY-13

wbix¶v

33

3.14.14 Abyôv‡bi gvb m¤úwK©Z mš‘wói gvÎv

P¨v‡bj mš‘wói gvÎv

UK‡kv

†gvUvgywU mš‘ó kZKiv

nvi

mš‘ó kZKiv

nvi

cy‡ivcywi

mš‘ó

kZKiv

nvi

DËi †bB

kZKiv nvi

Zbygb 11 1.83 0 ..... 0 .....

Lei cÖwZw`b 10 1.66 23 2.04 0 .....

wewUwf

gv I wkïi K_v 2 .33 2 .17 1 .58

MÖvgxY‡dvb AvR‡Ki

msev`cÎ

105 17.47 15 1.33 3 1.73

Z„ZxqgvÎv 28 4.65 175 15.51 18 10.40

†Uwj‡cÖmwµckb 19 3.16 93 8.24 1 .58

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5 .83 7 .62 2 1.16 3

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BwÛ‡c‡Û›U

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hv‡”Q, 55wU Abyôv‡bi g‡a¨ 27wU Abyôvb m¤ú‡K© `k©K-†kªvZv cy‡ivcy-

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kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 20.80 kZvsk| Gici 32 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

cy‡ivcywi mš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb ÔAvwg GLb Kx KieÕ AbyôvbwU wb‡q hv

kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 18.49 fvM| Zvici 23 Rb `k©K-

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hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 13.29 kZvsk| ÔZ…ZxqgvÎvÕ wb‡q cy‡ivcywi

mš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb 18 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

kZKiv 10.40 fvM| 10 Rb K‡i †gvU 20 Rb Avjv`vfv‡e

Ô†mvRvK_vÕ I ÔGKvËi gÂÕ Abyôvb 2wU wb‡q cy‡ivcywi mš‘wó cÖKvk

K‡i‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 5.78 kZvsk K‡i †gvU 11.56

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`k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 5.20 fvM| ÔRqZzÕ

Abyôvb wb‡q cy‡ivcywi mš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb 6 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv hv

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mš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi .58 kZvsk K‡i †gvU

5.22 kZvsk|

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AbyôvbwU wb‡q mš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv

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21 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 1.86 fvM|

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Ômivmwi Wv³viÕ Abyôvb 2wU wb‡q mš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb hv kZfvM

`k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 1.33 fvM K‡i †gvU 2.66 fvM| 14 Rb K‡i

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ÔwWfvBb d«›UjvBbÕ Abyôvb 2wUi cÖwZ mš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb hv kZfvM

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kZKiv .98 fvM| 10 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv mš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb ÔAviG‡K

wbDR A¨vÛ wfDR Õ AbyôvbwU wb‡q hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi .89

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ÔAvwg gv n‡Z P‡jwQÕ I Ôfv‡jv _vKzbÕ Abyôvb 2wUi cÖwZ mš‘wó cÖKvk

K‡i‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv .79 fvM K‡i †gvU 1.54

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34

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Abyôvb 4wU wb‡q †gvUvgywU mš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-

†kªvZvi .33 kZvsk K‡i †gvU 1.32 kZvsk| 1 Rb K‡i †gvU 3 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv Avjv`vfv‡e h_vµ‡g Ôwe‡Kvb dvg©v †nj_ Avc‡WUÕ,

ÔLvZzbMÄ †_‡K gwZwSjÕ I ÔGKvËi Awff~ZÕ Abyôvb 3wU wb‡q

†gvUvgywU mš‘wó cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv .16

fvM K‡i †gvU .48 fvM|

3.14.15 UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi †h cwieZ©b¸‡jv `k©K-†kªvZv Avkv K‡ib

mviwY-15 GB ch©v‡q `k©K-†kªvZv UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi wKQz cwieZ©bI

†`L‡Z Pvb| Zv‡ì cÖZ¨vkv¸‡jv‡K DwjøwLZ †Uwe‡j 11 K¨vUvMwi‡Z

mwbœ‡ek Kiv n‡q‡Q| DcvË Abymv‡i 380 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨ 112

(GKkZ evi) Rb cÖZ¨vkv K‡ib, ÔAwZw_i AcÖ‡qvRbxq K_v¸‡jv ev`

w`‡ZÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 29.47 fvM| 62 (evlwÆ) Rb

Avkv K‡ib, ÔAviI Z_¨, evZ©v †c‡Z PvbÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

16.32 kZvsk| Avi 42 (weqvwjøk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv cÖZ¨vkv K‡ib,

ÔAbyôv‡bi cÖPv‡ii mg‡qi cwieZ©bÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv

11.05 fvM| Avevi 39 (DbPwjøk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Avkv K‡ib,

ÔAbyôvb wbg©vZvi Av‡iv `ÿZvÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 10.26

kZvsk| GQvovI 36 (QwÎk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv cÖZ¨vkv K‡ib,

ÔRb¸iæZ¡c~Y© welqe¯‘Õ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 9.47 fvM|

Avi 25 (cuwPk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔRbgvby‡li Kv‡Q Df‡qi `vqe×Zv

m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbÕ †`L‡Z Pvb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 6.58 kZvsk|

AviI 23 (†ZBk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv †`L‡Z Pvb ÔmÂvjK, AwZw_ I

wbg©vZvi gv‡S mgšqÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 6.05 kZvsk| Avevi

21 (GKzk) Rb ÔAvgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì MYgva¨g m¤ú‡K© AviI m‡PZbÕ

†`L‡Z Pvb hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 5.53 fvM| 8 (AvU) Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv ÔKvVv‡gvi cwieZ©bÕ Avkv K‡ib hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

2.11 kZvsk| Avevi 7 (mvZ) Rb †`L‡Z Pvb ÔGKB Abyôv‡b wewfbœ

mÂvjKÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 1.84 fvM| GQvovI 5 (cvuP)

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔAviI A_©en gÂm¾vÕ †`L‡Z Pvb hv kZfvM `k©K-

†kªvZvi 1.32 kZvsk|

3.14.16 wk‡ivbv‡gi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi Am½wZ `~i Kivi civgk©

mviwY-16 GB †Uwe‡j wk‡ivbv‡gi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi Am½wZ Kxfv‡e `~i

Kiv hvq †m wel‡q `k©K-†kªvZvi gZvgZ Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| DwjøwLZ

†Uwe‡j gZvgZ¸‡jv‡K 11wU K¨vUvMwi‡Z web¨vm Kiv n‡q‡Q| web¨vwmZ

DcvË cÖZ¨‡ÿ ejv hvq, 84 (Pzivwk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv civgk© w`‡q‡Qb

Ôwelqe¯‘i cÖwZ AvšÍwiK I ¸iæZ¡ †`qvÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

kZKiv 22.11 fvM| 65 (cuqlwÆ) Rb civgk© w`‡q‡Qb, Ôwbg©vZvi

35

µ.b. cwieZ©b Rb kZKiv nvi

1 Abyôvb cÖPv‡ii mg‡qi cwieZ©b Pvb 42 11.05

2 AwZw_i AcÖ‡qvRbxq K_v¸‡jv ev` w`‡Z Pvb 112 29.47

3 KvVv‡gvi cwieZ©b Pvb 8 2.11

4 Rb¸iæZ¡c~Y© welqe¯‘ Pvb 36 9.47

5 GKB Abyôv‡b wewfbœ mÂvjK‡K †`L‡Z Pvb 7 1.84

6 Abyôvb wbg©vZvi `ÿZv evov‡Z Pvb 39 10.26

7 Avgwš¿Z AwZw_‡ì MYgva¨g m¤ú‡K© Av‡iv m‡PZb †`L‡Z Pvb 21 5.53

8 Rbgvby‡li Kv‡Q Df‡qi `vqe×Zv m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb †`L‡Z Pvb 25 6.58

9 mÂvjK, AwZw_ I wbg©vZvi gv‡S mgšq †`L‡Z Pvb 23 6.05

10 AviI A_©en gÂm¾v †`L‡Z Pvb 5 1.32

11 AviI Z_¨ evZ©v †c‡Z Pvb 62 16.32

†gvU= 380 100

mviwY-15

µ.b. civgk© Rb kZKiv nvi

K. Av‡jvPbvi dig¨vU ˆZwi Kiv ev KvVv‡gvMZ Dbœqb 18 4.74

L. welqe¯‘i †ÿ‡Î AvšÍwiK I ¸iæZ¡ †`qv DwPZ 84 22.11

M. mÂvj‡Ki `ÿZv evov‡Z n‡e 55 14.47

N. wbg©vZvi `ÿZv evov‡Z n‡e 65 17.11

O. AwZw_, mÂvjK I wbg©vZvi gv‡S mgšq ìKvi 28 7.37

P. MVbg~jK I Revew`wnZv m¤úbœ PP©v Kiv 52 13.68

Q. AcÖ‡qvRbxq K_v ev` w`‡Z n‡e 19 5

R. gšÍe¨ †bB 24 6.32

S. `vqe×Zvi welqwU‡Z ¸iæZ¡ †`qv DwPZ 5 1.32

T. Av‡jvPK cwieZ©b K‡i 9 2.36

U. AwZw_‡ì Am½wZ ~i K‡i K_v ejv 21 5.52

†gvU= 380 100

mviwY-16

wbix¶v

`ÿZv evov‡bviÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 17.11 kZvsk| Avevi 55

(cÂvbœ) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔmÂvj‡Ki `ÿZv evov‡bviÕ civgk© w`‡q‡Qb

hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 14.47 fvM| Avi 52 (evqvbœ) R‡bi

civgk© ÔMVbg~jK I Revew`wnZv m¤úbœ PP©v KivÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-

†kªvZvi 13.68 kZvsk| GQvov 28 (AvVvk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔAwZw_,

mÂvjK I wbg©vZvi gv‡S mgš‡qiÕ civgk© †`b hv kZfvM `k©K-

†kªvZvi kZKiv 7.37 fvM| 21 (GKzk) Rb civgk© w`‡q‡Qb,

ÔAwZw_‡ì Am½wZ `~i Kivi K_v ejvÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 5.52

kZvsk| 19 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔAcÖ‡qvRbxq K_v ev` †`qviÕ civgk© †`b

hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 5 fvM| Avevi 18 (AvVv‡iv) Rb

ÔAv‡jvPbvi dig¨vU ˆZwi ev KvVv‡gvMZ Dbœq‡biÕ civgk© †`b hv

kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 4.74 kZvsk| Avi 9 (bq) Rb ÔAv‡jvPK

cwieZ©b KivÕi civgk© †`b hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 2.36

fvM| GQvovI 5 (cuvP) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Ô`vqe×Zvi welqwU‡Z ¸iæZ¡

†`qviÕ civgk© cÖ`vb K‡ib hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 1.32 kZvsk|

Z‡e †Kej 24 (PweŸk) Rb `k©K-†kªvZv G wel‡q †Kv‡bv gšÍe¨ Ki‡Z

Pvbwb|

3.14.17 `k©K-†kªvZvi Ici UK‡kvÕi cÖfve

mviwY-17 GB †Uwe‡j `k©K-†kªvZvi Ici UK‡kvi cÖfve m¤úwK©Z Z_¨

Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| †Uwe‡j cÖZ¨ÿ Kiv hv‡”Q, 380 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi

g‡a¨ 194 Rb Avgv‡ì AeMZ Ki‡Qb, UK‡kv Abyôvb Zv‡ì

Ôm‡PZbZv evovqÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 51.05 fvM| 81

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ej‡Qb, UK‡kv Abyôvb Zv‡ì Ôwkÿv †`qÕ hv kZfvM

`k©K-†kªvZvi 21.32 kZvsk| Avi 59 Rb Rvbv‡”Qb, UK‡kv Abyôvb

Zv‡ì Ôg‡bvfv‡ei cwieZ©b NUvqÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv

15.53 fvM| GQvov 40 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv gšÍe¨ Ki‡Qb, UK‡kv Abyôvb

Zv‡ì Ôwe‡bv`b †`qÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 10.53 kZvsk| Avi

Aewkó 6 (Qq) Rb ej‡Qb, UK‡kv Abyôvb Zv‡ì ÔcÖfvweZ K‡iÕ hv

kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 1.57 fvM|

3.14.18 GKB wel‡q GKvwaK P¨v‡b‡j Z‡_ï cv_©‡K¨ `k©K-†kªvZvi

g‡bvfve

mviwY-18 G ch©v‡q Av‡jvP¨ †Uwe‡j GKB wel‡q GKvwaK P¨v‡b‡j

Z‡_ï cv_©K¨ `k©K-†kªvZv weåvšÍ nb wKbv †m m¤úwK©Z g‡bvfve Zz‡j

aiv n‡q‡Q| †Uwe‡ji DcvË Abyhvqx me©vwaK `k©K-†kªvZv Rvwb‡q‡Qb,

Zviv ÔweåvšÍ nbÕ A_©vr 380 R‡bi 356 Rb Rvwb‡q‡Qb ÔweåvšÍ neviÕ

K_v hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 93.68 fvM| Avi †Kej 24 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZv Rvwb‡q‡Qb Zviv ÔweåvšÍ nb bvÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

6.32 kZvsk| A_©vr (356-24)= 332 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔweåvšÍ nbÕ

Gi c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Qb hv ÔweåvšÍ nb bvÕ Gi Zzjbvq (93.68-6.32)=

87.36 kZvsk †ewk|

3.14.19 G‡Z Rbgvby‡li Kv‡Q MYgva¨‡gi wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv

g‡bvfve

mviwY-19 Av‡jvP¨ As‡k Rbgvby‡li Kv‡Q MYgva¨‡gi wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv

Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| †Uwe‡j jÿ¨ Kiv hv‡”Q, me©vwaK `k©K-†kªvZv

Rvwb‡q‡Qb, Abyôvb¸‡jv Rbgvby‡li wbKU MYgva¨‡gi MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv

evwo‡q‡Q A_©vr 380 R‡bi g‡a¨ 332 Rb e‡j‡Qb, Ôwek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv

evo‡QÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 87.37 fvM| Avi †Kej 48

Rb ej‡Qb, Ôwek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv evo‡Q bvÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 12.63

kZvsk| A_©vr (332-48)= 284 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv Ôwek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv

evoviÕ c‡ÿ gZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Q hv Ôwek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv evov‡”Q bvÕ Gi Zzjbvq

(87.37-12.63)= 74.74 kZvsk †ewk|

3.14.20 Abyôvb¸‡jv MYgva¨g‡K ivR‰bwZK nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e eënvi

Kivi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡”Q- G m¤ú‡K© `k©K-†kªvZvi AwfgZ

mviwY-20 GB †Uwe‡j `k©K-†kªvZvi wbKU Rvb‡Z PvIqv nq,

Abyôvb¸‡jv MYgva¨g‡K ivR‰bwZK nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e Kx eënvi Kivi

my‡hvM K‡i w`‡”Q ? cÖZy¨Ë‡i †`Lv hv‡”Q, 380 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨

228 Rb Rvbv‡”Qb, Abyôvb¸‡jv ÔivR‰bwZK nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e eënv‡ii

my‡hvM K‡i w`‡”Q bvÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 60 fvM| Avi

152 Rb ej‡Qb, ÔivR‰bwZK nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e eënv‡ii my‡hvM K‡i

w`‡”QÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 40 kZvsk| A_©vr (228-152)=76

Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔivR‰bwZK nvwZqvi bqÕ Gi c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q hv

ÔivR‰bwZK nvwZqviÕ Gi Zzjbvq (60-40)=20 kZvsk †ewk|

3.14.21 Abyôvb¸‡jv‡Z ïay miKv‡ii e¨_©Zvi K_v Zz‡j aiv nq- G

m¤ú‡K© `k©K-†kªvZvi AwfgZ

mviwY-21 GLv‡b Abyôvb¸‡jv ïay miKv‡ii e¨_©Zv Zz‡j a‡i wKbv G

m¤ú‡K© `k©K-†kªvZvi wbKU Rvb‡Z PvIqv nq| 380 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi

g‡a¨ me©vwaK 332 Rb e‡j‡Qb, ÔAbyôvb¸‡jv ïay miKv‡ii e¨_©Zv Zz‡j

a‡i bvÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 87.37 fvM| Avi †Kej 48

Rb ej‡Qb, Ôïay miKv‡ii e¨_©Zv Zz‡j a‡iÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi

12.63 kZvsk| AZGe †`Lv hv‡”Q (332-48)= 284 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv

Ôïay miKv‡ii e¨_©Zvi K_v Zz‡j a‡i bvÕ Gi c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Qb hv Ôïay

miKv‡ii e¨_©Zv Zz‡j a‡iÕ Gi Zzjbvq (87.37-12.63)= 74.74

kZvsk †ewk|

36

mviwY-17

cÖfveKmg~n

†Mvôx/ `j

g‡bvfv‡ei

cwieZ©b NUvq

m‡PZbZv

evovq

wkÿv †`q we‡bv`b †`q cÖfvweZ K‡i †gvU

Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb % Rb %

`k©K-†kªvZv

59 15.53 194 51.05 81 21.32 40 10.53 6 1.57 380 100

g‡bvfve

†Mvôx/ `j

wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv

evo‡Q

wek¦vm‡hvM¨Zv

evo‡Q bv

†gvU

Rb kZKiv nvi Rb kZKiv nvi

Rb

kZKiv nvi

`k©K-†kªvZv

332

87.37

48 12.63

380 100

mviwY- 19

AwfgZ

†Mvôx/ `j

ivR‰bwZK nvwZqvi

wn‡m‡e my‡hvM K‡i w`‡”Q

ivR‰bwZK nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e

my‡hvM K‡i w`‡”Q bv

†gvU

Rb % Rb % Rb %

`k©K-†kªvZv

152 40 228 60 380 100

mviwY- 20

g‡bvfve

†Mvôx/ `j

weåvšÍ nb weåvšÍ nb bv †gvU

Rb kZKiv nvi Rb kZKiv nvi Rb kZKiv nvi

`k©K-†kªvZv

356 93.68 24 6.32 380 100

mviwY-18

AwfgZ

†Mvôx/ `j

ïay miKv‡ii e¨_©Zv

Zz‡j aiv nq

ïay miKv‡ii e¨_©Zv

Zz‡j aiv nq bv

†gvU

Rb % Rb % Rb %

`k©K-†kªvZv

48 12.63 332 87.37 380 100

mviwY-21

wbix¶v

3.13.22 Abyôvb¸‡jv wb‡q miKvi KLbI-KLbI Amwnòz- `k©K-

†kªvZvi AwfgZ

mviwY-22 DwjøwLZ †Uwe‡j ÔmiKvi Abyôvb¸‡jv wb‡q KLbI-KLbI

Amwnòz wel‡q `k©K-†kªvZvi gZvgZ Rvb‡Z PvIqv nq| jÿ¨ Kiv hvq,

380 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨ me©vwaK 291 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv g‡b K‡ib

ÔmiKvi Abyôvb¸‡jv wb‡q Amwnòz bqÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv

76.58 fvM| Avi †Kej 89 Rb g‡b K‡ib, ÔmiKvi KLbI-KLbI

AmwnòzÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 23.42 kZvsk| AZGe †`Lv hv‡”Q

(291-89)= 202 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔmiKvi Amwnòz bqÕ Gi c‡ÿ gZ

w`‡q‡Q hv ÔmiKvi KLbI-KLbI AmwnòzÕ Gi Zzjbvq (76-

58.23.42)= 53.16 kZvsk †ewk|

3.14.23 Abyôvb¸‡jv P¨v‡bj¸‡jvi weÁvcb evov‡”Q- `k©K-†kªvZvi

AwfgZ

mviwY-23 GB †Uwe‡j Abyôvb¸‡jv P¨v‡bj¸‡jvi weÁvcb evov‡”Q wKbv

†m m¤ú‡K© AbymÜvb Kiv n‡q‡Q| †Uwe‡ji Dc ’vwcZ cÖvß DcvË

Abymv‡i 380 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨ 343 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv g‡b K‡ib

ÔP¨v‡bj¸‡jvi weÁvcb evov‡”QÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv

90.26 fvM| Avi gvÎ 37 Rb g‡b K‡ib, ÔAbyôvb¸‡jv P¨v‡bj¸‡jvi

weÁvcb evov‡”Q bvÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 9.74 kZvsk| myZivs

cÖZ¨ÿ Kiv hv‡”Q (343-37)= 306 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔP¨v‡bj¸‡jvi

weÁvcb evov‡”QÕ Gi c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q hv P¨v‡bj¸‡jvi weÁvcb

evov‡”Q bvÕ Gi Zzjbvq (90.26-9.74)= 80.52 kZvsk †ewk|

3.14.24 Abyôvb m¤úwK©Z miKvwi bxwZgvjv

mviwY-24 G ch©v‡q Abyôvb m¤úwK©Z miKvwi bxwZgvjvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv

KZUzKz Zv `k©K-†kªvZvi wbKU Rvb‡Z PvIqv nq| cÖvß DcvË ej‡Q,

380 R‡bi g‡a¨ me©vwaK 263 Rb `k©K-†kªvZvB g‡b K‡ib ÔmiKvwi

bxwZgvjv _vKv DwPZ bqÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 69.21 fvM|

Avi 117 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv g‡b K‡ib, ÔmiKvwi bxwZgvjv _vKv DwPZÕ hv

kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 30.79 kZvsk| A_©vr jÿ¨ Kiv hv‡”Q, (263-

117)=146 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv ÔmiKvwi bxwZgvjvi cÖ‡qvRb †bBÕ Gi

c‡ÿ †ewk gZ w`‡q‡Qb hv (69.21-30.79)= 38.42 kZvsk †ewk|

3.14.25 mvgwMÖK Abyôv‡bi Zzjbvq UK‡kvÕi msL¨v

mviwY-25 Av‡jvP¨ As‡k mvgwMÖK Abyôv‡bi Zzjbvq UK‡kv Abyôv‡bi

msL¨v ev Ae¯’vb Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q| DcvË †_‡K ejv hvq, 380 Rb

`k©K-†kªvZvi g‡a¨ me©vwaK A_©vr 211 Rb gZ cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb

ÔmvgwMÖK Abyôv‡bi Zzjbvq GKUz †ewkÕ Gi c‡ÿ hv kZfvM `k©K-

†kªvZvi kZKiv 55.53 fvM| Gici ÔmvgwMÖK Abyôv‡bi Zzjbvq Gi

Ae¯’vb gvSvgvwSÕ Gi c‡ÿ gZ w`‡q‡Q 96 Rb hv kZfvM `k©K-

†kªvZvi 25.26 kZvsk| Avi 52 Rb g‡b K‡ib ÔmvgwMÖK Abyôv‡bi

Zzjbvq Gi Ae¯’vb †ewkÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi kZKiv 13.68

fvM| GQvov †Kej 21 Rb `k©K-†kªvZv g‡b K‡ib ÔmvgwMÖK Abyôv‡bi

Zzjbvq Gi Ae¯’vb KgÕ hv kZfvM `k©K-†kªvZvi 5.53 kZvsk|

AZGe DcvË †_‡K ejvB hvq, mvgwMÖK Abyôv‡bi Zzjbvq UK‡kv

Abyôvb GKUz †ewk|

DwjøwLZ Rwic †_‡K GUvB cÖZxqgvb nq †h, UK‡kv `k©‡Ki gbb

I Abyf~wZ‡K mg„× Ki‡Z eûgyLx Z_¨cÖev‡ni m~PK wn‡m‡e KvR

Ki‡Q, m¤cÖPvi gva¨‡gi Rb¨ `ÿ gvbem¤ú` M‡o †Zvjvi †ÿ‡Î

Ae`vb ivL‡Q| Av‡iv cÖZxqgvb nq GLv‡b gZwewbg‡qi my‡hvM †ewk

Ges welqe¯‘‡K ¸iæZ¡mnKv‡i Zz‡j aiv nq| GQvoI UK‡kv

cy‡ivmgv‡Ri f~wgKv‡K Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡Q Ges Dbœqb I

mvgvwRK cwieZ©‡bi avivi MwZ mÂvi Ki‡Q| UK‡kv mykvmb wbwðZ

Ki‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡Q| †mB mv‡_ AskMÖnY, Z_¨wewbgq I D™¢veb‡K

DrmvwnZ Ki‡Q| Kv‡RB AvMvgx w`b¸‡jv‡Z, wKQz-wKQz UK‡kv `k©‡Ki

cÖ‡qvR‡b wU‡K _vK‡e ev AviI Kvh©KvwiZvi c‡_ GwM‡q hv‡e|

†jLK: jvB‡eªwiqvb, wcAvBwe

Z_¨m~Î

1 M. Rokeach, Attitude change and behavioral change,Public Opinin Quarterly, 1966-1967, 30, 529-550

2

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3 Encyclopedia Wikipedia, Ô A talk show is a television pro-gram or radio program where one person ( or group ofpeople) discuss various topics put forth by a talk showhost’.

4 How television sees its audience: a look at the lookingglass, pase-42 Ô…the talk show tries to talk about the mostintimate and complex of human experiences as if theycould all be transformed by taking a pill or changingone’s attitudeÕ.

5 How television sees its audience: a look at the lookingglass, pase-42 Ô The consensus on the talk show is itselfan indicator of social change. Õ

6 How television sees its audience: a look at the lookingglass, pase 42-43 `…the talk show holds up for us a scaleof social values, … the talk show serves as a messengerof change.’

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m¤¢e bq e‡j wZwb gšÍe¨ K‡ib| wZwb 1943 mv‡ji fqven

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e³‡eï gv‡S ¯úó n‡q I‡V|

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Afve Ges G m¤úwK©Z Áv‡bi Afve| Gme †_‡K gyw³ cvIqv Ges

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Dcv`vb| G Kvi‡Y MYgva¨g‡K ejv n‡q‡Q gwewjwU gvwëcøvqvi, GgbwK

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Dbœq‡bi GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e D‡jøL K‡i DBjevi kª vg

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MY‡hvMv‡hv‡Mi m‡½ AvšÍe© w³K †hvMv‡hvM hy³ n‡j me©Kv‡ji me©‡kÖô

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mvgvwRK AMÖMwZ mvwaZ n‡e| Dc‡ii Av‡jvPbvi Av‡jv‡K GKwU welq

¯úó †h, gd¯‡ji MYgva¨gI Dbœq‡b Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i|

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AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZvi †ÿ‡Î †ekwKQz †KŠkj we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡k

ev ÍevwqZ n‡q‡Q Ges n‡”Q| MÖvgxY mvsevw`KZvi †ÿ‡Î ÔTouch andGoÕ †KŠkjwU evb©vW© †Kv‡n‡bi ÔThe BrushfireÕ cÖwZ‡e`‡bi g‡Zv|

A_©vr ïaygvÎ eo ai‡bi NUbv Qvov †Kv‡bv Kfv‡iR Avm‡e bv| ivRavbx

†_‡K cÖKvwkZ/cÖPvwiZ MYgva¨‡g GwU AbymiY Kiv nq, hv MÖvgxY-

mgv‡Ri h_v_©, Kvh©Ki, fvimvg¨c~Y© Dbœq‡b f‚wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i bv|

G‡ÿ‡Î Av‡iKwU †KŠkj n‡jv ’vbxq Kg©KZ©v‡ì ev wewkó e¨w³i

eivZ w`‡q cwikÖgwenxb mv`vgvUv cÖwZ‡e`b cÖPvi ev cÖKvk Kiv| G

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n‡jI msL¨vi ¯íZvi Kvi‡Y Zv‡ì c‡ÿ memgq mwVKfv‡e MÖvgxY

mgm¨v‡K Zz‡j Avbv m¤¢e nq bv| G‡ÿ‡Î MYgva¨g MÖvgxY Rxeb‡K

h_vh_fv‡e Zz‡j Avb‡Z cv‡i|

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MYgva¨g K…wl, wkÿv, ¯v ’ Kgx©i kiYvcbœ nb| Kxfv‡e msev` msMÖn

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hLb MÖvgxY wPÎ e¯‘wbôZvi mv‡_ Zz‡j Avb‡Z cv‡ib Ggb `ÿ I AwfÁ

45

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†P‡q GwU e¨qeûj n‡jI Dbœq‡bi ZvwM‡` †KŠkjwU †ek ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

4. evsjv‡`‡k AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZv : HwZnvwmK cwi‡cÖwÿZ

cvðv‡Z¨ m‡Zi kZ‡Ki g‡a¨ msev`c‡Îi weKvk NU‡Z ïiæ Ki‡jI G

Dcgnv‡`‡k Zvi cÖfve †mfv‡e c‡owb| G Dcgnv‡`‡k mvsevw`KZvi

weKv‡ki †ÿ‡Î †Rgm AMv÷vm wnwKi Ae`vb Ab¯xKvh©| cÖ_g

cÖvwZôvwbK msev`cÎ Ô†e½j †M‡RUÕ n‡”Q fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡ki cÖ_g

msev`cÎ (bUivRb, 1995: 10)| 1780 mv‡ji 29 Rvbyqvwi, kwbevi,

KjKvZv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq fvi‡Zi cÖ_g gyw`ªZ msev`cÎ Ô†e½j

†M‡RUÕ ev ÔK¨vjKvUv †Rbv‡ij A¨vWfvU©vBRviÕ bv‡g (cv_©mvi_x,

1995: 19)| wnwKÕi mv‡_ ZrKvjxb kvmK-†kªwYi m¤úK© †gv‡UI fv‡jv

wQj bv| wnwKÕi †M‡R‡U `ybx©wZi Lei Qvcv n‡Zv| Mfb©i †Rbv‡ij

Iqv‡ib †nw÷sm I cÖavb wePvicwZi weiæ‡× evievi gvbnvwbKi e³e¨

G‡Z cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj| d‡j ZrKvjxb kvmK-†kªwYi mv‡_ wnwK gvgjvq

Rwo‡q c‡o Rwigvbv cwi‡kv‡a e¨_© nb| d‡j KZ…©cÿ 1820 mv‡j

cwÎKvwU eÜ K‡i †`q (cv_©mvi_x, 1995: 19)|

g~jZ 1818 mv‡ji ci †_‡K ZrKvjxb fviZe‡l© mvsevw`KZv Z_v

msev`cÎ RM‡Z †Rvqvi Av‡m| kªxivgcyi wgkbvwi‡ì wn›`y ag© m¤ú‡K©

wg_¨v Z_¨ cÖPv‡ii Reve I fvi‡Zi gvby‡li AvZ¥gh©v`v, HwZn¨ I

¯vwaKv‡ii jovB‡K Zz‡j aivi D‡Ï‡k¨ fviZxq‡ì g‡a¨ wb‡R‡ì

cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki ZvwM` ïiæ nq| GQvov Ebwesk kZ‡K Dcgnv‡`‡k

Bs‡iR kvmbvg‡j †Kv¤úvbxi Kg©Pvwi‡ì msev`cÎ mswkøóZv wbwl×

nIqvq fviZxq‡ì A‡b‡KB msev`cÎ cÖKv‡k AvZœwb‡qvM K‡ib|

mgvPvi `c©Y, m¤v` †KŠgy`x, mgvPvi Pw› ªKv, e½`~Z, msev` cÖfvKi,

ZË¡‡evwabx BZ¨vw` †ei nq|

fvi‡Zi cwðge½ †_‡K ÔmgvPvi `c©YÕ (1818) cÖKv‡ki ga¨ w`‡q

evsjv msev`c‡Îi weKvk ïiæ nq| ïiæUv hwÌ wQj KjKvZv-wbf©i|

wKš‘ ZrKvjxb c~e©evsjvq 1847 mv‡j Ôi½cyi evË©venÕ bv‡g G‡`‡ki

cÖ_g evsjv †h msev`cÎwU hvÎv ïiæ K‡iwQj †mwU wKš‘ XvKvÕi g‡Zv eo

kni †_‡K bq eis iscy‡ii g‡Zv †QvU kni †_‡KB cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj|

evsjv‡`‡k cÖKvwkZ cÖ_g msev`cÎ wn‡m‡e cwÎKvwU we¯ÍvwiZ

Av‡jvPbvi `vwe iv‡L| cwÎKvwUi cÖavb c„ô‡cvlK wQ‡jb Rwg`vi

KvjxPiY ivq †PŠayix| e ‘Z KvjxPiY ivq †PŠayixi Avw_©K mnvqZvq

Ôi½cyi evËv©enÕ cÖKvwkZ n‡Z _v‡K| m`¨cy®‹iYx MÖvg n‡Z wbR¯^

gy`ªYh‡š¿ GB cwÎKvwU gyw`ªZ n‡Zv| cÖvq †òkÕ eQ‡ii cyi‡bv

msev`cÎwUi Av‡aq we‡kølY Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †h, AvR‡Ki hy‡Mi

mvsevw`KZvi mv‡_ Gi †ek mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q| G AÂ‡ji mvsevw`KZvi

weKv‡k cwÎKvwUi h‡_ó Ae`vb i‡q‡QÑ GK_v wbtm‡›`‡n ejv hvq|

Ôi½cyi evË©venÕ cÖKv‡ki wZb eQi ci iscyi †_‡K Ôw`KcÖKvkÕ bv‡g

Av‡iKwU cwÎKv cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj (wbixÿv 76, RyjvBÑAvM÷, 1996:

30)|

AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZvi cw_K…r KvOvj nwibv_ KZ…©K Kzwóqv †_‡K

cÖKvwkZ I m¤úvw`Z ÔMÖvgevZ©v cÖKvwkKvÕ Dwbk kZ‡Ki ivR‰bwZK,

mvs¯‹…wZK-mvgvwRK Ges mvwnZ¨-ms¯‹…wZ RM‡Z Av‡jvob Zz‡jwQj|

Avevi MÖvgevË©v cÖKvwkKvÕi cvwÿK I mvßvwnK ms¯‹i‡Yi c„ôv¸‡jv‡Z

†hme wbw`©ó welqvejx gyw`ªZ AvKv‡i cÖKvwkZ n‡Zv †m¸‡jv‡K

cÖK…wZMZfv‡e K‡qKwU fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| †hgbÑ MÖvgxY mgm¨v, cÖRv-

Rwg`vi‡ì ga¨Kvi Ø›Ø cÖm‡½ Rwg`vi‡ì AZ¨vPv‡ii Kvwnbx, wePvi-

eë ’vi cÿcvwZ‡Z¡i ìæb Mwie cÖRvi `ytL-`y`©kv, cywj‡ki AZ¨vPvi I

cÖRvi nqivwb, wn›`y-gymjgvb m¤úK© cÖm½ cÖKvwkZ nq (cv_©mvi_x,

1995: 26)|

msev`cÎwU cÖKv‡ki d‡j KvOvj nwibv_ Zuvi A‡bK cwiP‡qi

g‡aÏ evsjv‡`‡ki MÖvgxY eyw×Rxex‡ì g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg wn‡m‡e Zuvi bvg

AšÍf©y³ Kiv‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb| cÖ_gZt GKwU AR cvovMuv †_‡K wbqwgZ

cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki g‡Zv we¯§qKi NUbvi Rb¥ w`‡qwQ‡jb wZwb| nwibv_

gRyg`vi h_v_© A‡_©B ÔKvOvjÕ n‡q wM‡qwQ‡jb| evsjv‡`‡ki msev`cÎ

eë¯’vcbvi BwZnv‡m †Zv e‡UB, mgv‡RI G NUbv AwØZxq| Ab¨w`‡K,

1931 mv‡ji 21 RyjvB wm‡jU †_‡K cÖKvwkZ nq evsjv‡`‡ki cÖvPxbZg

mvßvwnK hyM‡fix|

Ebwesk kZvãxi †k‡li w`‡K Ges wesk kZvãxi cÖvi‡¤¢ †ekwKQz

cwÎKv XvKv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ n‡Z _v‡K| mg‡qi Pvwn`vi mv‡_ Zvj

wgwj‡q bZzb ivR‰bwZK nvwZqvi wn‡m‡e cÖKvwkZ msev`cÎ¸‡jvi

A‡b‡KB cÖKvk¨ bxwZwba©viY K‡i GwM‡q‡Q Ges Pjgvb ivRbxwZ‡K †ek

DÏxß K‡i‡Q| wesk kZvãxi ïiæ †_‡K AvÂwjK msev`cÎ¸‡jv

GjvKvi Kg©KvÐ‡K †ewk ¸iæZ¡ w`‡jI XvKvÕi g‡Zv ivR‰bwZK

avivevwnKZvI iÿv K‡i‡Q| AvÂwjK msev`cÎ¸‡jv wesk kZvãx‡Z

G‡m GjvKvq GjvKvq RbgZ msMwVZ K‡i‡Q| lv‡Ui `k‡KI †Rjv ev

_vbv mì †_‡K msev`cÎ cÖKvk n‡Zv mxwgZ AvKv‡i| Gme cÖKvkbvi

LiP enb‡K A‡bK m¤úv`KB e¨w³MZ welq wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Ki‡Zb|

G mgq ch©šÍ msev`c‡Îi eë ’vcbv ¯xK…Z nqwb|

1990 mv‡ji 26 †deªæqvwi ZË¡veavqK miKvi 1974 mv‡ji Ô†cÖm

A¨vÛ cvewj‡Kkb A¨v±Õ Gi wKQz aviv Ges 1973 mv‡ji Ôwe‡kl ÿgZv

AvBbÕ Gi msev`cÎ wbqš¿Y mswkøó 16, 17 I 18 bs aviv evwZj †NvlYv

K‡ib| d‡j cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki AbygwZ cÖvwßi RwUj cÖwµqv mnR n‡q

hvq| ZvQvov AvaywbK gy`ªYcÖhyw³i Avwe®‹vi cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki KvR I

e¨q‡K A‡bKvs‡k Kwg‡q †`q| hvi d‡j A‡b‡KB cwÎKv cÖKv‡k

D‡`¨vMx n‡q I‡Vb| 1990-c~e©eZx© mg‡q evsjv‡`‡k 100wUi †P‡qI

Kg ˆ`wbK cÖKvwkZ n‡jI beŸB-cieZ©x G msL¨v û-û K‡i evo‡Z

_v‡K|

Avgv‡ì †`‡k MYgva¨‡gi mwVK msL¨v cvIqv KwVb| 2014-Gi

†m‡Þ¤‡i cÖKvwkZ Z_¨ gš¿Yvjqvaxb Pjw”PÎ I cÖKvkbv Awa`ß‡ii

evwl©K cÖwZ‡e`b-2013 Abymv‡i mviv‡`‡k †gvU msev`c‡Îi msL¨v

1,182wU| Gi g‡a¨ ïaygvÎ XvKv †_‡K cÖKwkZ ˆ`wbK msev`c‡Îi

msL¨v 276wU| GQvovI †`‡k GLb cwiPvjbvi AbygwZcÖvß †gvU 41wU

†Uwjwfkb P¨v‡bj i‡q‡Q hvi g‡a¨ Aíw`‡bi g‡a¨ 18wU cÖPvi Kvh©µg

Pvjy Ki‡e| 16wU KwgDwbwU †iwWIÕi AbygwZ cÖ vb, msev`cÎ I

†Uwjwfkb P¨v‡b‡ji QvocÎ cÖ vb, Av‡iv †ekwKQz KwgDwbwU †iwWIÕi

AbygwZi wPšÍvfvebv, ÔZ_¨ AwaKvi AvBb 2009ÕGi ev¯Íevqb, wWwRUvj

evsjv‡`k †NvlYvi gva¨‡g Z_¨cÖhyw³i mdj eënv‡i miKv‡ii mg_©b

I Drmvn cÖ vb, miKvwi †mev RbM‡Yi †`vi‡Mvovq †cuŠQv‡bvi Rb¨

BDwbqb Z_¨‡mev †K›`ª Pvjy BZ¨vw` BwZevPK Kvh©µg eZ©gvb miKvi‡K

MYgva¨g-evÜe miKvi wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ K‡i‡Q|

MYgva¨‡gi weKv‡ki mv‡_-mv‡_ MYgva¨gKg©xi msL¨vI evo‡e-

GUvB †Zv ¯vfvweK| Z‡e MYgva¨‡gi mwVK msL¨vi wn‡m‡ei †P‡q Gi

Kg©xi mwVK msL¨v wbY©q Kiv Av‡iv KwVb| 2004 mv‡ji GK wnmve

†`‡k Kg©iZ mvsevw`‡Ki msL¨v 7,250 Rb n‡jI cÖvq 2,600 Rb

GKgvÎ †ckv wn‡m‡e mvsevw`KZv‡K †e‡Q wb‡q‡Qb| Avi Gme

mvsevw`K‡K HKë× ivL‡Z ïay XvKv kn‡iB i‡q‡Q 25wU msMVb (Kvw›Uª

wi‡cvU©: evsjv‡`k, 2004)| GKBfv‡e 10-15 eQi Av‡MI †hLv‡b GK

jv‡Li †ewk cÖPvimsL¨vi msev`cÎ wQj nv‡Z‡Mvbv GKwU ev `yBwU,

†mLv‡b eZ©gv‡b G msL¨v Kgc‡ÿ AvU †_‡K 10wU (cv‡Ð I ingvb,

2011)|

wKš‘ cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki cÖmvigvb cwi‡e‡kI bZzb-bZzb cwÎKv

†ewkw`b wU‡K _v‡Kwb| A_©‰bwZK Uvbv‡cv‡ob‡KB cwÎKv¸‡jv e‡Üi

e¨vcv‡i †ewk `vqx Kiv nq| 1990 †_‡K 1997 mv‡ji g‡a¨ eÜ 28wU

cwÎKvi wel‡q wcAvBweÕi GKwU M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q, KZ©„cÿ I

Kg©Pvix‡ì we‡iva, Avw_©K ˆ`b¨Zv, `ÿ mvsevw`‡Ki Afve, cÖPvimsL¨v

K‡g hvIqv, m¤úv`‡Ki c~‡e©i †ckvq ev Ab¨ KvM‡R PvKwi †bqv BZ¨vw`

Kvi‡Y cwÎKv eÜ n‡q‡Q (mxgv †gvm‡jg, 1990-Õ97 mgqKv‡j eÜ

n‡q hvIqv cwÎKv: GKwU mgxÿv, evsjv‡`k †cÖm Bbw÷wUDU)| ïay

cwÎKv eÜ nIqv bq, mv¤úªwZK mg‡qi msev`cÎ ev MYgva¨‡gi w`‡K

ZvKv‡j †`Lv hvq, GKRb e¨w³i D‡`¨v‡MI msev`cÎ Av‡jvi gyL

†`‡L| whwb cÖKvkK, wZwbB m¤úv`K, wZwbB ¯Z¡vwaKvix, †jLK,

cÖædwiWviÑ hv‡K ejv hvq ÔIqvb g¨vb †kvÕ ev GK e¨w³i Kvh©µg| Avi

46

wbix¶v

GB ÔIqvb g¨vb †kvÕ ivRavbx †_‡K cÖKvwkZ ˆ`wb‡Ki †P‡q XvKvÕi

evB‡ii ev gd¯‡ji mvsevw`KZvq eZ©gv‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© êwkó¨ wn‡m‡e

ùvwo‡q‡Q|

AvÂwjK msev`cÎ Pvjy nIqv ev eÜ nIqv, G †ckvq cÖexY‡ì

we`vq Ges bexb‡ì GwM‡q AvmvÑ Gme wb‡qB Pj‡Q AvÂwjK

mvsevw`KZv| BwZnvm †_‡K eZ©gvb Ges G †_‡K fwel¨r cÖwZeÜKZv I

m¤¢vebv wb‡qB wbR¯ MwZ‡Z Pj‡Q evsjv‡`‡ki AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZv|

AvÂwjK mvsevw`K‡ì A‡b‡KB Avevi `ÿZv I HKvwšÍK cÖ‡Póv, mZZv

w`‡q mybvg Kzwo‡q‡Qb †`ke¨vcx, cyi¯‹viI wR‡Z‡Qb A‡b‡K| A_©vr

XvKvÕi evB‡ii A‡bK AvÂwjK mvsevw`‡Ki gvb wb‡q A‡bK MYgva¨gB

mš‘ó| msev‡ì aviYv AvÂwjK mvsevw`K‡ì KvQ †_‡K wb‡q ev¯Íevqb

KiviI bwRi i‡q‡Q| Ggb GKRb n‡jb PviY mvsevw`K

†gvbvRvZDwÏb, whwb wQ‡jb cÖvšÍ I †K‡› ªi †mZzeÜ‡b| †gvbvRvZDwÏb

cÖ_‡g ¯’vbxq cwÎKvi cÖ vqK wn‡m‡e KvR ïiæ K‡i c‡i AvÂwjK

cwÎKvi m¤úv`K, †mLvb †_‡K RvZxq cwÎKvi AvÂwjK cÖwZwbwa

n‡qwQ‡jb| wKQz AÂj‡K †e‡Q wb‡q wZwb cÖgvY K‡i †M‡Qb MÖvg ev

AÂjB n‡Z cv‡i MÖvgcÖavb evsjv‡`‡ki mvsevw`KZvi cÖavb wfwË|

A‡bK Kv‡Ri ciI Zuvi mnR ¯xKv‡ivw³ wQj GgbÑ ÔMÖvgxY

mvsevw`KZv GL‡bv D‡cwÿZ, A‡b‡Ki Kv‡Q bvK wmuUKv‡bvi, †Kgb †hb

gd¯j-gd¯j MÜ| A‡b‡KB GiKg aviYv †cvlY K‡ib †h, XvKvÕq

e‡m †÷vwi wjL‡j †mwU n‡e RvZxq ch©v‡qi mvsevw`KZv Avi cvebvÕi

†Kv‡bv MÖvg †_‡K cvVv‡j Zv n‡e gd¯j msev`| msev` msev`B, Gi

†Kv‡bv mì-gd¯j †bB|Õ A‡bK mvsevw`K GL‡bv Ggb wbf„‡Z KvR

K‡i hv‡”Qb ïay `vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai RvqMv †_‡K| Zuv‡ì Kv‡Q mgvR I

RvwZ¯v_© mevi Av‡M, †bB †Kv‡bv ivRavbx‡Kw›`ªKZv ev wegyLZv|

†gvbvRvZDwÏ‡bi fvlvq, ÔAvwg kÖwgK, wj‡L LvB| KZ©„cÿ UvKvi

wewbg‡q Avgvi kÖg †K‡b| Avwg GUv eywS| ZeyI wmbwmqvi nevi †Póv

Kwi|Õ AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZvi we`¨gvb ev ÍeZvq GB wmbwmqvwiwU LyeB

Riæwi n‡q ùvwo‡q‡Q|

5. AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZvi nvj-nwKKZ

GKUv mgq wQj hLb AvR‡Ki msev`cÎ cªZ¨šÍ AÂ‡ji cvV‡Ki nv‡Z

†cŠuQvZ ciw`b we‡K‡j| GLb wKš‘ wkÿvi nvi I Rbm‡PZbZv e„w×,

A_©‰bwZK m”QjZv, Z_¨cÖhyw³i Af‚Zc~e© Dbœqb, †hvMv‡hvM eë¯’vi

DbœwZi Kvi‡Y cÖZ¨šÍ MÖv‡gI KvKWvKv †fv‡i cwÎKv †cŠu‡Q hvq| ïay

msev`cÎ bq, Ab¨vb¨ msev`gva¨g †hgb, †iwWI-†Uwjwfkb ev AbjvBb

mvsevw`KZvi ZvrÿwYKZvi êwk‡óï Kvi‡Y GKUv NUbv NUvi mv‡_-

mv‡_ `k©Kiv †hgb mivmwi m¤úªPvi Dc‡fvM Ki‡Qb, †Zgwb

msev`c‡Îi cvVKivI NUbvi c~e©vfvm †c‡q hv‡”Qb| wKš‘ XvKvÕi evB‡i

hv‡ì Kv‡Ri e‡`Šj‡Z GwU m¤¢e n‡”Q, Zviv †Kgb Av‡Qb †m Lei †KD

iv‡L bv|

cÖvq GK kZ‡Ki †ewk mgq a‡i mvsevw`KZv ïay eo-eo kni ev

ivRavbx-†Kw›`ªK †bB, eis wewfbœ †QvU kni ev AÂj †_‡KI Gi cÖKvk

jÿ¨ Kiv hvq| †`‡ki †Rjv kni¸‡jv‡Z k‡Li e‡k ms¯‹…wZ-gb¯‹iv

A‡bK †QvU KvMR AZx‡ZI †ei K‡i‡Qb, GL‡bv Zv Ae¨vnZ i‡q‡Q|

myZivs AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZv bZzb †Kv‡bv cÖZ¨q ev aviYv bq, eis GUv

Kv‡ji mvÿx| mvaviYfv‡e XvKv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ MYgva¨‡g hviv

mvsevw`KZv K‡ib Zv‡ì ÔRvZxq ch©v‡qi mvsevw`KÕ Ges XvKvÕi evB‡i

wewfbœ wefvM wKsev †Rjv ev _vbv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ MYgva¨‡g hviv KvR

K‡ib Zv‡ì Ômsev``vZvÕ wKsev ÔAvÂwjK mvsevw`KÕ wn‡m‡e Avgiv

AwfwnZ K‡i _vwK| ms‡ÿ‡c ej‡Z †M‡j hviv wbw`©ó AÂ‡ji msev`

wb‡q KvR K‡ib ZvivB AvÂwjK mvsevw`K| wewfbœ RvZxq cwÎKvi †Rjv

ev wefvMxq msev``vZvivI G †Mv‡Î c‡ob| hwÌ RvZxq I AvÂwjK

wefvRb wb‡q weZ‡K©i AeKvkI i‡q‡Q cÖPzi| wKš‘ GK_vI mZ¨,

Z_¨cÖhyw³i wecø‡ei hy‡MI RvZxq I AvÂwjK wfwË‡Z hviv mvsevw`KZv

K‡ib Zv‡ì g‡a¨ A‡bK cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q| GgbwK ivRavbx‡Z KvR Kiv

GKRb mvsevw`‡Ki †P‡q mvfv‡i KvR Kiv GKRb mvsevw`‡Ki my‡hvM-

myweaviI i‡q‡Q cv_©K¨| MÖvgcÖavb G †`kwUi A_©bxwZi PvwjKvkw³

†h‡nZz MÖvg ev gd¯j, ZvB †mLvbKvi Z_¨ bxwZwba©viK‡ì Rvbv Ges

†m Abyhvqx DbœqbK‡í eë¯’v MÖnY Riæwi n‡q c‡o‡Q| wKš‘ Mfxi

D‡Ø‡Mi mv‡_ †`Lv hvq, gd¯‡ji msev`¸‡jv‡K †mB A‡_© Kfv‡iR

†`qv nq bv; Avevi Kfv‡iR †`qv n‡jI ¸iæ‡Z¡i wePv‡i Zv nq LyeB

bvRyK|

Avgv‡ì †Rjv kni¸‡jvi msev`cÎ I mvsevw`KZvi BwZnvm †ek

mg„×| we‡kl K‡i cyi‡bv †Rjv mì¸‡jvi Zzjbv †gjv fvi| †hgbÑ

PÆMÖv‡gi ˆ`wbK AvRv`x (†K.wR. gy Ídv m¤úvw`Z), e¸ov †_‡K cÖKvwkZ

ˆ`wbK Ki‡Zvqv, LyjbvÕi ˆ`wbK c~e©vÂj, ˆ`wbK Z_¨ I wm‡j‡Ui

hyM‡fix gvbm¤úbœ cwÎKv wn‡m‡e mgv`„Z| Avevi ivRkvnx †_‡K

cÖKvwkZ ˆ`wbK †mvbvjx msev`, †mvbvi †`k, mvbkvBb, bZzb cÖfvZ

D‡jøL Kivi g‡Zv cvVK-mgv`„Z n‡q‡Q| ¯’vbxq ch©v‡q †hme cÎ-cwÎKv

†ei n‡q‡Q, †m¸‡jv ’vbxq wewfbœ wPÎ Zz‡j a‡i‡Q| ivR‰bwZK,

mvgvwRK-mvs¯‹…wZK msev‡ì †ÿ‡Î ’vbxq cwÎKv gvbyl‡K A‡bK mgq

Av‡jvwoZ K‡i‡Q| GB †Rjv¸‡jvi A‡bK ivR‰bwZK, mvgvwRK-

mvs¯‹…wZK DÌvbcZb I cUcwieZ©‡bi mvÿx GmKj msev`cÎ|

XvKvÕi evB‡i mvsevw`KZv‡K `y‡Uv wel‡q Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g ¯úó

Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i : (K) ivRavbx †_‡K cÖKvwkZ MYgva¨‡gi mv‡_

m¤ú…³Zv, (L) wbR-wbR AÂj †_‡K cÖKvwkZ MYgva¨‡gi cÖwZwbwa|

MYgva¨g¸‡jv weKv‡ki mv‡_-mv‡_ ivRavbxi evB‡i wefvM, †Rjv ch©v‡q

MYgva¨‡gi cÖwZwbwa wb‡qvM K‡i _v‡K| cÖwZwôZ MYgva¨g¸‡jv Avevi

A‡bK Dc‡Rjv- †h¸‡jv‡Z †ewk Av‡jvwPZ NUbv N‡U, †m¸‡jv‡Z

cÖwZwbwa wb‡qvM K‡i _v‡K| GwU cÖwZwôZ evsjv msev`c‡Î †ewk N‡U|

Bs‡iwR msev`cÎ ev †Uwjwfkb P¨v‡bj¸‡jvI GKBfv‡e Zv‡ì cÖwZwbwa

wb‡qvM K‡i| cvkvcvwk wefvMxq kn‡i NUbv I eëmvi K‡jei

we‡ePbvq ey¨‡iv Awdm cÖwZôv Ges †ek K‡qKRb wi‡cvU©vi ev

d‡UvMÖvdvi wb‡qvM Kiv n‡q _v‡K|

6. mgm¨vi ïiæ †hLv‡b...

mvsevw`KZv †ckvi ïiæ nq mswkøó MYgva¨gKg©xi bvg LvZvq †jLvi ci

†_‡KB| m¤¢eZ mvsevw`KZvB GKgvÎ †ckv †hLv‡b †ckvi êa ZvwjKvq

bvg Zzj‡Z ÔAbïKgÕ A‡bK KvVLo †cvov‡Z nq| GK_v XvKv kn‡ii

MYgva¨gKg©x‡ì Rb¨ hZUv cÖ‡hvR¨, XvKvÕi evB‡ii Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ Zvi

†P‡q A‡bK ¸Y †ewk| AwfÁZv Qvov †Kv‡bv cÖwZwôZ MYgva¨‡gi Kg©x

wn‡m‡e KvR ïiæ KivUv KwVb| Avevi †h ïay AwfÁZvB h‡_ó, GK_v

A‡bK †ÿ‡ÎB wVK bq| †hme MYgva¨g mivmwi ivR‰bwZK `‡ji

gyLcvÎ wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i, Zv‡ì †mB `‡ji b~¨bZg cixwÿZ ˆmwbK

nIqvUvI GLb †iIqv‡R cwiYZ n‡q‡Q|

†Rjv ev wefvMxq ch©v‡q cÖwZwbwa wb‡qv‡Mi c~‡e© †hgb †Rvi

ZwØ‡ii ìKvi nq, †Zgwb eëmvwqK wPšÍv †_‡K wgwWqv nvDm¸‡jv

GKB m‡½ wZb-PviRb‡K (A‡bK †ÿ‡Î hviv-hviv PvKwii Rb¨ Rxeb-

e„ËvšÍ Rgv †`b) msev` cvVv‡bvi Rb¨ e‡jb| GwU A‡bKUv

†gvUimvB‡K‡ji Ab‡U‡÷i(!) g‡Zv| †Rjv ch©v‡qi GB mvsevw`K‡ì

†ewki fvMB IB MYgva¨‡g KvR Kivi evmbv †_‡KB QyU‡Z _v‡Kb

wb‡qv‡Mi †cQ‡b, wbqwgZ cvVv‡Z _v‡Kb msev`| mevi cvVv‡bv msev‡ì

GKwU Mo K‡i A‡bK‡ÿ‡Î msev` cwi‡ek‡bi Awf‡hvM cvIqv hvq

evZ©vK‡ÿi weiæ‡×| wewfbœR‡bi KvQ †_‡K msev` MÖnY GK cªKvi

cixÿv-wbixÿv n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e A‡b‡K ejvi †Póv K‡ib †h, Gi gva¨‡g

mgq‡ÿcY Kiv Avi m¤§vbx-wenxb wi‡cvU©v‡ii KvQ †_‡K msev` cvIqvi

`…wófw½wU MYgva¨‡gi GKai‡bi eëmv| me‡k‡l GKRb‡K wb‡qvM

†`qvi cÖwµqvI †ewki fvM †ÿ‡Î ¯”Q bq| KviY KvD‡K msev`

cvVv‡bvi AbygwZ †`qvi ci Avevi Zv‡K msev` cvVv‡bv †_‡K weiZ

Kivi KviY hw` †mme wi‡cvU©v‡ii Kv‡Q cwi®‹vi Kiv nq Zvn‡j †mB

Dc‡`k †_‡K Zviv wb‡R‡ì †kvaiv‡Z cv‡ib|

Avevi wb‡qv‡Mi mgq KvR‡K cÖvavb¨ bv w`‡q m Ívq mvsevw`K

cvIqvi (m¤§vbx ev fvZvwì †ÿ‡Î) welqwU we‡ePbv K‡i MYgva¨g

Awdm¸‡jv| Avevi XvKv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ msev`cÎ ev wUwf P¨v‡b‡ji

w`‡K ZvKv‡j †ek `ÿ msev`Kg©x‡ì †`L‡Z cvIqv hvq| eZ©gv‡b †`‡k

QqwU cvewjK wek¦we`¨vjq I 10wUi AwaK cÖvB‡fU wek¦we`¨vj‡q

mvsevw`KZv welqwU cov‡bv n‡”Q| ˆZwi n‡”Q `ÿ msev`Kg©x| cvm K‡i

hviv G †ckvq Avm‡Qb Zv‡ì AwaKvsk XvKvÕi MYgva¨‡g KvR Ki‡Z

AvMÖnx| d‡j AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZv `ÿ Rbkw³ cv‡”Q wK? DËi n‡jv,

bv| Zvn‡j Kxfv‡e Pj‡Q AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZv?

47

wbix¶v

†jvKej I Ach©vß Avw_©K mvg‡_© i ga¨ w`‡qI AvÂwjK

msev`cÎ¸‡jv Dbœqbg~jK msev` Dc¯’vcb Ki‡Q| ¸iæZ¡ w`‡”Q

AvÂwjK msev‡ì cÖwZ| ivRkvnxÕi †Rjv cÖkvm‡Ki Kvh©vj‡qi

I‡qemvB‡U †`qv Z_¨ Abymv‡i, ivRkvnxÕ‡Z ˆ`wbK †mvbvjx msev`,

ˆ`wbK evZ©v, ˆ`wbK mvbkvBb, bZzb cÖfvZ, Avgv‡ì ivRkvnx, ivRevZ©v,

DcvPvi, †mvbvi †`k, mvßvwnK MY`„wó, ivRkvnxi Av‡jv, jvj‡Mvjvc,

e‡i›`ª cÖwZw`b bv‡g †gvU 12 wU cwÎKv Pvjyi wel‡q Z_¨ cvIqv †M‡Q|

ivRkvnxÕi g‡Zv wefvMxq GKwU kni †_‡K GZ¸‡jv msev`cÎ cÖKv‡ki

Z_¨ AZ¨šÍ Avb‡›ì| wKš‘ cwÎKv¸‡jvi AvBb-bxwZ-ˆbwZKZv †g‡b

eë ’vcbvI GKUv eo P¨v‡jÄ| Z_¨ Abymv‡i gvÎ wZbwUi AbjvBb

fvm©b i‡q‡Q| AbjvBb fvm©‡b me msev`‡K Luy‡R cvIqv hvq bv| B-

fvm©‡b ïay msev`c‡Îi cÖ_g cvZv cvIqv hvq| Avevi AbjvBb _vK‡jI

AvK©vBf bv _vKvq c~‡e©i msev` AbymÜv‡b cvV‡Ki mgm¨v †`Lv †`q|

`yÕ-GKw`‡bi e¨wZµg Qvov ˆ`wbK †mvbvi †`k ev‡` evwK¸‡jv

Pvic„ôvi msev` cwi‡ekb K‡i _v‡K| †mvbvjx msev`, mvbkvBb, bZzb

cÖfvZ ev‡` evwK¸‡jv mv`v-Kv‡jv ni‡d Qvcv‡bv nq| Avevi †h¸‡jv

wewfbœ i‡Oi e‡Y© Qvcv‡bv †m¸‡jv‡Z nVvr jvj Kvjv‡ii wk‡ivbvg

eënvi Ki‡Z †`Lv †M‡Q| msev` cÖKv‡ki ai‡bI AvÂwjK cwÎKv¸‡jv

RvZxq cwÎKv¸‡jv‡K AbymiY Ki‡Q| †hgb, MZ 3 A‡±ve‡ii ˆ`wbK

†mvbvi †`k cwÎKvi cÖ_g c„ôvq weÁvcb Qvov Qvcv‡bv 15wU msev‡ì

g‡a¨ 12wU XvKvÕi msev` ¯’vb †c‡q‡Q| Avevi GKB w`‡bi GKB

cwÎKvi †kl c„ôvq cÖKvwkZ 13wU msev‡ì g‡a¨ 7wU wQj XvKvÕi|

GKB cwÎKvq XvKv I AvÂwjK wel‡qi msev` cwi‡ek‡bi gva¨‡g

cvVK‡K a‡i ivLvi G D‡Ïk¨ fv‡jv n‡Z cv‡i, Z‡e AvÂwjK cwÎKvq

AvÂwjK msev`¸‡jvB †ewk ’vb cv‡e GgbUvB hyw³hy³| Avevi XvKvÕi

msev`¸‡jvi m~Î wn‡m‡e evsjvwbDR Ges GdGbGm-Gi K_v ejv

n‡q‡Q| †mvm©My‡jvi MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv wb‡qI cÖkœ Avm‡Z cv‡i| msev`-m~‡Îi

G mgm¨vi KviY n‡Z cv‡i `ÿ †jvKej ¯íZv, Avw_©K mvg‡_© i I

ch©vß weÁvc‡bi Afve BZ¨vw`| cwÎKv¸‡jvi m¤úv`Kxq welq¸‡jvi

†ewki fvMB RvZxq wewfbœ Bmy¨‡Kw› ªK nq| GgbwK welqwUi mv‡_

mswkøó AÂ‡ji †Kv‡bv ms‡hvM bv _vK‡jI m¤úv`Kxq Qvcv nq|

ivRkvnxÕi †ewki fvM cwÎKvq Qwei gvb m‡šÍvlRbK bq| GLv‡b d‡Uv-

mvsevw`K‡ì cÖvhyw³ Áv‡bi †P‡q `vqx Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i cwÎKvq eëüZ

wbDRwcÖ‡›Ui gvb‡K| gvb Lvivc nevi Kvi‡Y iwOb Qwe n‡jI Zv ¯úó

nq bv| AbymÜv‡b †`Lv †M‡Q, cwÎKv¸‡jvi cwimi we‡ePbvq wdPvi ev

AbymÜvbx cÖwZ‡e`b Qvcv nq Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e LyeB Kg| Z‡e gv‡S-gv‡S

wewfbœ Dbœqbg~jK msev` †ek RvqMv wb‡q cwi‡ekb Kiv nq|

m¤úv`Kxq Qvcv‡bvi †ÿ‡ÎI cwÎKv¸‡jv XvKvÕi cwÎKv¸‡jv‡K AbymiY

K‡i _v‡K|

D`vniY wn‡m‡e ivRkvnxÕi `yÕwU ˆ`wb‡Ki (ˆ`wbK †mvbvi †`k I

ˆ`wbK †mvbvjx msev`) wb‡¤œv³ msev`¸‡jv Av‡jvPbvq Avbv hvq, msev`

`y‡Uv‡Z DËivÂ‡ji e„nr Rb‡Mvôxi Kg©ms ’vb I cwi‡ek msiÿ‡Yi

wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| †gvUvgywU ch©vß Z_¨ cÖ vb K‡i AvÂwjK

MYgva¨‡gi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi †Póv Kiv n‡q‡Q|

memgq †h Gme cÖ‡Póv mdj nq Zv-I bq| wKQz-wKQz †ÿ‡Î ch©vß

`ÿ Rbe‡ji Afv‡e evbvb, fvlv, ev‡K¨ AmvgÄm¨Zv GgbwK cÖ_g wjW

ev wØZxq wjW msev‡` ch©šÍ †_‡K hvq| †hgb, wb‡Pi msev`¸‡jv

ivRkvnxÕi ˆ`wbK †mvbvi †`k Ges mvbkvBb cwÎKvi `yB w`‡bi

h_vµ‡g cÖ_g I wØZxq wjW msev`| cÖ_g msev`wU‡Z ÔnvmcvZvjÕ

evbvbwU fzj n‡q‡Q| Avevi Ab¨ msev`wUi Qwei K¨vck‡b fzj Z_¨

cwi‡ewkZ n‡q‡Q| msev‡` †Rvnv PZ¡‡ii K_v ejv n‡jI Qwei K¨vck‡b

Ô†Rvnv n‡jiÕ K_v ejv n‡q‡Q|

Avevi `ÿ mn-m¤úv`‡Ki Afv‡e ivRkvnxÕi cwÎKv¸‡jv gv‡S-

gv‡S msev` wbe©vPb, ¸iæZ¡ Ges gvbm¤úbœ Qwe Qvcvi wel‡q Kg ¸iæZ¡

†`q| Avevi A‡bK cwÎKv mv`v-Kv‡jv Qvcv nIqvq Qwe¸‡jvi gvbiÿv

KivI m¤¢e nq bv| †hgb, ivRkvnxÕi wZbwU ˆ`wbK (bZzb cÖfvZ, †mvb-

vjx msev` Ges †mvbvi †`k) cwÎKvq Qvcv‡bv wb‡Pi msev`¸‡jv we‡kølY

Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| ˆ`wbK bZzb cÖfvZ cwÎKvq wØZxq wjW wn‡m‡e

cÖKvwkZ msev`wU‡Z L›`Kvi gvney‡ei Qwemn Ôevsjv‡`k RvZxq `jÕ Gi

Abyôv‡bi e³e¨ Kxfv‡e ivRkvnxÕi AvÂwjK Dbœq‡b cÖfve ivL‡e Zv

fvevi welq n‡Z cv‡i| GKBfv‡e †mvbvjx msev‡ì wjWwbD‡R jvj

Kvwji wk‡ivbvg wb‡qI Av‡jvPbv n‡Z cv‡i| Avi †mvbvi †`k cwÎKvq

cÖKvwkZ wekvjvK…wZi msev` weÁwß‡Z D‡`¨v³v-ms ’vi fvlvi ûeû

cÖKvkI cy‡ivcywi hyw³m½Z bq|

Avevi gv‡S-gv‡S mv`v-Kv‡jv Qwe Ges wbDRwcÖ‡›Ui gvb ch©vß bv

nIqvi D`vniY n‡Z cv‡i ˆ`wbK bZzb cÖfv‡Zi wb‡Pi QwewU -

6.1 wb‡qvMcÎ †Zv †mvbvi nwiY. . .

†`‡ki MYgva¨g¸‡jv GL‡bv cy‡ivcywi cÖvwZôvwbK ch©v‡q †cuŠQ‡Z cv‡iwb

e‡jB GLv‡b kÖg AvBbI gvbv nq bv| myZivs wb‡qvMcÎ, msev`

cvVv‡bvi AbygwZcÎ, m¤§vbx, IfviUvBg, cÖvc¨ QywU, Bbwµ‡g›Umn

mswkøó wel‡q c‡`-c‡` AvBb j•N‡bi NUbv cÖKv‡k¨B P‡j| cÖwZwôZ I

nv‡Z‡Mvbv Aí K‡qKwU MYgva¨g Qvov †Rjv cÖwZwbwa‡ì wb‡qvMcÎI

†`qv nq bv| cwiPqcÎ A‡bK mgq wgj‡jI wb‡qvMcÎ bv †`qvi KviY

n‡jv wb‡qvMc‡Î AvBb Abyhvqx †eZ‡bi cwigvY D‡jøL Ki‡Z nq|

Avevi wb‡qvMcÎ †`qvi ciI †Kv‡bviKg Avw_©K myweav cÖ vb bv KivI

AvÂwjK mvsevw`K‡ì †ÿ‡Î AninB NU‡Q| cÖwZwôZ MYgva¨‡gi

†ÿ‡ÎI A‡bK‡K eûw`b a‡i Szwj‡q †i‡L wb‡qvMcÎ I †eZb †`qvi

48

wbix¶v

†iIqvR i‡q‡Q| d‡j A‡bKw`b a‡iB wb‡qvMcÖZ¨vkx‡ì A‡bKUv

†eIqvwik wn‡m‡e _vK‡Z nq| AvBbMZ I h_v_© KvMRcÎ bv _vKvi

d‡j evwn¨K, gvbwmK Pv‡c _v‡Kb mvsevw`Kiv| G †ckvq wb‡qvMcÖvß

XvKvÕi mvsevw`KivB hLb bv‡Rnvj nb, gvgjv-nvgjvi wkKvi nb

Anin, ZLb AvÂwjK mvsevw`K‡ì Kx Ae ’v n‡Z cv‡i Zv mn‡RB

Aby‡gq| ÔAvcbvi wb‡qvMcÎ Avi Kv‡W©i KvR cÖvq †klÕ, ÔAíw`‡b

†c‡q hv‡ebÕ A_ev ÔAvcbv‡K wb‡q Avgiv fvewQÕÑ Gme K~U‰bwZK

ch©v‡qi DËi †c‡Z-†c‡Z A‡bK mvsevw`‡Ki K¬všÍ nIqvi welqwU LyeB

mZ¨ (KvBDg, 2011)|

6.2 m¤§vbx ev †eZb êlg¨. . .

GKwU cÖwZwôZ wUwf P¨v‡b‡ji †Rjv msev``vZv ˆmq` bvRvZ †nv‡mb

Zvi KZ©…c‡ÿi Kv‡Q c`Z¨vMc‡Î D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb †h, MZ 10 eQ‡i

P¨v‡bjwU †Rjv msev``vZv‡ì gvwmK †eZb Pvi nvRvi UvKv †_‡K GK

cqmvI evovq wb| Gfv‡e XvKvÕi mvsevw`K‡ì mv‡_ †Rjv

msev``vZv‡ì ¯úó cv_©K¨ M‡o I‡V| XvKvÕq †eZb bv evov‡j Ab¨

wgwWqvq hvIqvi Anin my‡hvM _vK‡jI AÂj ch©v‡q KvR Kiv GKRb

mvsevw`‡Ki G my‡hvM _v‡K bv ej‡jB P‡j| †eZb êl‡gï GwUI GKwU

KviY n‡Z cv‡i| 2004 mv‡j ivRkvnxÕi L¨vwZgvb mvsevw`K kvn

Avwbmyi ingv‡bi g„Zzï mgq Zuvi wb‡Ri e¨vsK A¨vKvD‡›U gvÎ PvikZ

UvKv _vKv, cÖ‡qvRbxq wPwKrmvi Afv‡e mvsevw`K Lvqiæj Avbv‡gi

c…w_ex †_‡K wPiwe`vq mvsevw`KZv †ckvi ˆ`b¨`kvi wKQz LÐwPÎ

(¯§iwYKv, 2011)| XvKvÕi ˆ`wbK msev`cÎ¸‡jvi AvÂwjK

cÖwZwbwa‡ì 90 kZvskB wbqwgZ †eZbfvZv cvb bv ej‡jB P‡j| wKQz

cwÎKv mvsevw`K‡ì wbqwgZ †eZbfvZv/m¤§vbx †`q; wKš‘ Zvi cwigvYI

hrmvgvb¨| d‡j gd¯j mvsevw`K‡ì mZZvi m‡½ RxweKv wbe©vn Kiv

LyeB KwVb n‡q c‡o, GUvI ev ÍeZv e‡U| G Kvi‡YB mvsevw`KZvi KvW©

†`wL‡q ev Kv‡iv weiæ‡× msev` cÖKv‡ki fqfxwZ †`wL‡q `yb©xwZ Kiv

mnR n‡”Q|

ˆ`wbK gvbeRwgb cwÎKvi †bÎ‡KvbvÕi mvsevw`K Kexi †nv‡mb

Rvbvb, wZwb MZ 32 eQi a‡i mvsevw`KZv K‡ib| eZ©gv‡b Kg©iZ

MYgva¨g †_‡K gv‡m m¤§vbx cvb gvÎ cuvPkZ UvKv| Avevi PyqvWv½vÕq

wbD‡bkb I w`bKvj cwÎKvq KvR K‡ib wgRvbyj nK| wZwb †Kv‡bv

m¤§vbx QvovB cuvP eQi a‡i KvR Ki‡Qb| PyqvWv½vÕi kvnve Avjx

ÔPyqvWv½v `c©YÕ cwÎKvq KvR K‡ib| ˆcZ…K m~‡Î mvsevw`KZvi mv‡_

Zvi 45 eQi a‡i cwiPq| mvgvwRK gh©v`v Ges †bZ…¯’vbxq‡ì mv‡_

m¤úK© ivLvi my‡hvM _v‡K e‡jB G †ckvwUi cÖwZ wZwb AvK…ó n‡q‡Qb|

wZwb e‡jb, ÔcwikÖg Ki‡Z fv‡jv jv‡M hLb Gi wewbg‡q A_© I hk

cvIqv hvq| G‡Ki ci GK cwÎKvq KvR K‡iwQ, Pzw³I K‡iwQ| wKš‘

GKwU UvKvI †`qwb| ˆ`wbK A_©bxwZ‡Z mvnmx cÖwZ‡e`‡bi Rb¨ `yB

nvRvi UvKv cyi¯‹vi †c‡qwQ| ˆ`wbK Lei I wbDR Uz‡W cwÎKvq weÁvcb

g¨v‡bR K‡i w`‡Z cvi‡j hrmvgvb¨B Kwgkb †`q|Õ

6.3 gnvN©fvZv, I‡qR‡evW© ïay ¯cœB †`Lvq. . .

2012 mv‡ji 18 Ryb miKvi Aóg I‡qR‡evW© MVb K‡i| A‡bK

mvsevw`K Avkv K‡i _v‡Kb GB †f‡e †h, gnvN©fvZv †`qv wKsev

I‡qR‡evW© Abyhvqx †eZb cÖ vb ïiæ n‡j †hvMïv Ab¨vb¨ †ckvi g‡Zv

GB †ckv‡ZB _vK‡eb| wKš‘ †`‡ki KZwU MYgva¨g cy‡ivcywi

I‡qR‡evW© †g‡b P‡j Zv wb‡q ixwZg‡Zv M‡elYv n‡Z cv‡i| †ewki fvM

MYgva¨g AwdmB K‡qKRb‡K I‡qR‡ev‡W©i cÖvc¨ w`‡q bxwZwba©viK‡ì

†evSv‡bvi †Póv K‡i †h, †mB Awd‡m I‡qR‡evW© Pvjy Av‡Q| †hLv‡b

XvKvÕi mvsevw`KivB I‡qR‡evW© Abymv‡i †eZb cvb wK-bv m‡›`n,

†mLv‡b XvKvÕi evB‡ii mvsevw`K‡ì Ae¯’v mn‡RB Aby‡gq| Avevi

A‡bK Awdm †_‡K Pvi nvRvi UvKv †eZb wba©vi‡Yi ci †Rjv

msev``vZv‡ì ejv nq, ÔAvcbviv †Zv dyjUvBg mvsevw`KZv K‡ib bv,

w÷ªsMviÕ|

cÖvqB †`Lv hvq, KvR Kiv‡bvi mgq hZUv cviv hvq Pvc cÖ‡qvM Kiv

nq| Z‡e m¤§vbx cÖ v‡bi mgq wewfbœ Qy‡Zvq Kg m¤§vbx †`qvi cÖeYZv

jÿ¨ Kiv hvq| Avevi A‡bK AvÂwjK cwÎKvq Aí †eZb w`‡q

LvZvc‡Î A‡bK UvKv cÖ v‡bi wnmve †`Lv‡bv nq| AvB‡bi †Pv‡L mr

_vK‡Z MYgva¨g¸‡jv GgbwU K‡i _v‡K| mvsevw`KZvi g‡Zv GKwU

†ckvq mvsevw`Kiv c~‡Y©v`¨‡g AvZ¥wb‡qvM Ki‡eb GUvB ¯vfvweK| wKš‘

†mB ¯vfvweKZv Avb‡Z n‡j Ab¨vb¨ †ckvi g‡Zv GwU‡KI †ckv wn‡m‡e

†g‡b wb‡q m¤§vbx wbqwgZ †`qv I Zv evov‡bviI we‡kl cª‡qvRb i‡q‡Q,

we‡kl K‡i Avgiv hw` mr-wbi‡cÿ-Rb¯v_©mswkøó mvsevw`KZv cÖZ¨vkv

Kwi|

6.4 ïayB wK †bkv-†ckv bvwK Av‡iv wKQz....

bvggvÎ m¤§vbx ev A‡bK †ÿ‡Î m¤§vbx ev †eZb QvovB A‡bKUv †bkvi

Kvi‡Y gd¯j mvsevw`KZvq Avmv gvbyl¸‡jv w`b-ivZ cwikÖg K‡ib|

wKš‘ †ckvMZ DbœwZi †`Lv †g‡j bv| eis mvsevw`‡Ki cwiPqcÎ cÖ vb

ev wb‡qvM cÖ v‡bi mgq D‡ëv RvgvbZ †bqvi NUbvI N‡U| Gme †ÿ‡Î

mvsevw`KZv P‡j bvgKvIqv‡¯Í, Avm‡j P‡j weÁvc‡bi eëmv|

mvsevw`Kiv e¨¯Í n‡q I‡Vb weÁvcb eëmvq| Kwgk‡bi Ici wbf©i K‡i

†h‡nZz msmvi P‡j, GgbwU KivB nq‡Zv ¯vfvweK| Z‡e GLv‡bB

`vwq‡Z¡i †kl bq| cwÎKvi KvUwZ evov‡bvi Rb¨ cÖPviI Pvjv‡Z nq

AvÂwjK ch©v‡qi Gme mvsevw`K‡ì|

BDwbqb ch©vq ch©šÍ A‡bK AvÂwjK cwÎKv UvKvi wewbg‡q

mvsevw`K‡ì cwiPqcÎ †`q Ggb bwRiI i‡q‡Q| GB KvW© wewµi

cÖeYZvm¤úbœ msev`cÎ¸‡jv Lye KgB cÖKvwkZ nq, A‡bKUvB bvgme© |

wewfbœ mgq Gme Awf‡hv‡M †Rjv cÖkvm‡bi cÿ †_‡K cwÎKv¸‡jv

e‡Üi D‡`¨vMI †bqv nq| AvÂwjK cwÎKv¸‡jvi †ewki fv‡Mi msev`

Dcv`vb ev Av‡aq gvbm¤§Z bq| msev` bxwZgvjv ev AvPiYwewa †g‡b

Pjvi evjvB †bB| †KvbwU cÖwZ‡e`b, †KvbwU gZvgZ Zv Luy‡R †ei Kiv

KwVb| Qwe, evbvb, m¤úv`bv, Awdm eë¯’vcbv, cwÎKvi KvUwZ †Kv‡bv

wKQz‡ZB g‡bv‡hvM bv w`‡q g‡bv‡hvM †`qv nq eëmvi w`‡K| GK

cwÎKvq cÖKvwkZ msev‡ì cÖwZev` Avm‡Q Ab¨ cwÎKvq| msev‡ì fq

†`wL‡q eva¨ Kiv nq IB mvsevw`K Z_v cwÎKv Awdm‡K Dr‡KvP w`‡Z|

Gfv‡e AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZvi bv‡g P‡j njy` mvsevw`KZv|

6.5 g~j †ckvi †eovRvj....

G cÖkœwU GKmgq mKj †kÖwYi mvsevw`K‡KB ïb‡Z n‡Zv| ÔKx K‡ib?Õ

GB cÖ‡kœi Rev‡e GKUv mgq wQj hLb Ômvsevw`KZv KwiÕ ejv n‡j

m‡½-m‡½B cvëv cÖkœ †kvbv †hZ, mvsevw`KZv bvwK mv‡_ Avi wKQz Kiv

nq? XvKvÕi mvsevw`K‡ì G cÖkœ GLb Kiv bv †M‡jI XvKvÕi evB‡ii

AvÂwjK mvsevw`K‡ì †ÿ‡Î GUv GL‡bv cÖ‡hvR¨| †h‡nZz m¤§vbx ev

†eZb A‡bK msev`cÎB †`q bv, w`‡jI AwbqwgZ ev bvggvÎ| GRb¨

Ab¨ †ckvi gvbyl †hgb, wkÿK, QvÎ, eëmvqx, DwKj, AemicÖvß

Kg©KZ©v-Kg©Pvix G †ckvq wb‡qvwRZ _v‡Kb| †bÎ‡KvbvÕi AvÂwjK

mvsevw`K kvnve Avjx mvsevw`KZvi cvkvcvwk Ily‡ai eëmv K‡ib|

KviY mvsevw`KZv †_‡K wKQzB Avq nq bv| wZwb e‡jb, Ômvsevw`K‡ì

Ab¨ †ckvq RwoZ _vKv DwPZ bq| wKš‘ Rxeb Pvjv‡Z eva¨ n‡qB Zv

Ki‡Z nq| Avgvi g‡b nq, gd¯‡ji AwaKvsk mvsevw`K GgbwU K‡i

_v‡Kb|Õ Gfv‡e k‡Li mvsevw`KZv‡K we‡kl K‡i k‡Li e‡k KvR Kiv

G †ckv‡K Zv-I Avevi AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZv‡K KZUv †ckv`vi

mvsevw`KZv wn‡m‡e aiv n‡e Zv wb‡qI cÖkœ DV‡Z cv‡i| eZ©gv‡b XvKvÕq

I eo-eo kn‡ii msev`Kg©xiv †ewki fvM †ÿ‡ÎB mvsevw`KZv‡K

49

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GKgvÎ †ckv wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| mwZ¨Kv‡ii msev`Kg©x n‡Z I

cÖwZ‡hvwMZvc~Y© MYgva¨gRM‡Z cvV‡Ki Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z Zuv‡ì 24 NÈv

`vwqZ¡ cvj‡b m‡Pó _vK‡Z n‡”Q|

6.6 mvsevw`KZvB g~j †ckv Z‡e...

AvÂwjK ch©v‡q hviv mvsevw`KZv K‡ib Ges g~j †ckv wn‡m‡e hviv

mvsevw`KZv‡K †e‡Q wb‡q‡Qb Zuv‡ì A‡b‡KB GKvav‡i †Uwjwfkb

P¨v‡bj, †iwWI, RvZxq evZ©v ms ’v, RvZxq msev`c‡Îi cvkvcvwk

AvÂwjK msev`c‡ÎiI fv‡jv c‡` KvR K‡ib| GKRb gvby‡li c‡ÿ

GKm‡½ GZ¸‡jv MYgva¨‡g KvR Kiv KZUv mgxPxb Zv wb‡q †hgb cÖkœ

DV‡Z cv‡i, †Zgwb Avevi GKRb mvsevw`‡Ki msmvi Pvjv‡bvi Rb¨

Ab¨ †ckvq hy³ bv n‡q ïay mvsevw`KZv K‡i gd¯j kn‡i RxweKv

wbe©v‡ni ZvwM‡ì hyw³I Dwo‡q †`qv hvq bv|

gv‡R`yj nK gvwbK KvR K‡ib †g‡nicy‡i AviwUwf, AvR‡Ki Lei,

†iwWI Avgvi, ˆ`wbK gv_vfv½v cwÎKvq| Av‡iv GKwU AbjvB‡b msev`

cvVvb| GKRb gvby‡li GZ¸‡jv gva¨‡g KvR Kiv‡K wZwb †hŠw³K g‡b

K‡ib| †Kbbv †Kv‡bv gva¨gB Zv‡K wbqwgZ m¤§vbx w`‡Z cv‡i bv|

Avevi m¤§vbx w`‡jI Zv ejvi g‡Zv bq| wZwb g‡b K‡ib, ’vbxq

cwÎKvq Kv‡iv wec‡ÿ msev` cÖKvwkZ n‡j bvbvfv‡e ûgwK LyeB

cÖvZ¨wnK e¨vcvi n‡q ùvovq| ivRkvnxÕi eìæj nvmvb wjUb KvR K‡ib

GKz‡k wUwf, hvqhvqw`b, ˆ`wbK mvbkvBb I GKwU AbjvBb ms ’vq|

wZwbI G KvR‡K †hŠw³K g‡b K‡ib| †Kbbv Zuv‡K cÖwZ‡hvwMZv K‡iB

†ckvq wU‡K _vK‡Z nq e‡j wZwb g‡b K‡ib|

6.7 †bB †ckvMZ Dbœq‡bi ZvwM`. . . .

2009 Ges 2012 mv‡j ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi MY‡hvMv‡hvM I

mvsevw`KZv wefv‡Mi cÿ †_‡K cwiPvwjZ c„_K `yÕwU M‡elYvq †`Lv

†M‡Q, †gvU 60 Rb mvsevw`‡Ki g‡a¨ gvÎ `yÕRb mvsevw`K Awd‡mi cÿ

†_‡K cÖwkÿY †c‡q‡Qb| hwÌ Avgv‡ì †`‡ki MYgva¨g¸‡jv

cÖwkÿ‡Yi Ici †Zgb ¸iæZ¡ †`q bv, ZviciI wewfbœ †emiKvwi ms¯’vi

Av‡qvRb¸‡jv‡Z mn‡RB XvKvÕi mvsevw`Kiv Ask wb‡Z cv‡ib| wKQz

†ÿ‡Î Zviv we‡`‡kI cÖwkÿ‡Yi my‡hvM cvb| wKš‘ XvKvÕi evB‡ii

mvsevw`K‡ì K_v Lye KgB we‡ePbv Kiv nq| G Kv‡Ri `vwqZ¡ hwÌ

evsjv‡`k †cÖm Bbw÷wUDU cvjb K‡i Avm‡Q, GKwU ms ’vi c‡ÿ

Ach©vß †jvKej I A_© wb‡q mKj mvsevw`‡Ki Kv‡Q †cŠuQv‡bv cÖvq

Am¤¢e| Avi †hLv‡b XvKvÕi MYgva¨g¸‡jvB cÖwkÿ‡Yi Av‡qvRb Ki‡Z

cv‡i bv, †mLv‡b ’vbxq MYgva¨g¸‡jvi †Zv cªkœB Av‡m bv|

6.8 Ry‡Zv †mjvB †_‡K PwÐcvV. . .

XvKvÕi mvsevw`KZvq weU wi‡cvwU©s i‡q‡Q| †Ljv, we‡bv`b, µvBg,

AvenvIqv, K…wl, ¯v ’ ev wkÿvweU BZ¨vw` Kfvi Kivi Rb¨ i‡q‡Qb

Avjv`v-Avjv`v wi‡cvU©vi| wKš‘ XvKvÕi evB‡i GgbUv †`Lv hvq bv|

Avevi XvKvÕq wi‡cvU©vi Ges mve-GwWUi ev mn-m¤úv`K Avjv`v-

Avjv`v e¨w³ n‡jI AvÂwjK cwÎKvq whwb wi‡cvU©vi, Zv‡KB msev`

m¤úv`bv Ki‡Z nq| ejv hvq, †Rjv ev wefv‡M GKRb ev `yÕRb

wi‡cvU©vi‡KB cwÎKvi me KvR GKv Ki‡Z nq| d‡j cwikªgx bv n‡j G

†ckvq wU‡K _vKv KóKi| Avevi XvKvÕi A‡bK cwÎKv †_‡K AvÂwjK

mvsevw`K‡ì weÁvcb msMÖn I cwÎKvi mvK©y‡jkb evov‡bvi KvRI †`qv

nq| GKRb gvbyl‡K w`‡q GZ ai‡bi KvR Kiv‡bv n‡j Zvi gvb Kx

ùvov‡e Zv Avi ejvi A‡cÿv iv‡L bv| GKm‡½ GZ¸‡jv KvR Ki‡Z

n‡j †Kv‡bv Kv‡RB we‡klÁ nIqv m¤¢e bq|

6.9 †ckvMZ wbivcËv cvIqv KwVb. . .

GKwU †QvU kn‡ii mvsevw`K‡ì ’vbxq ch©v‡q mn‡RB wP‡b †djv hvq|

GRb¨ cÖKvwkZ msev‡ì Kvi‡Y Kv‡iv e¨w³¯v‡_©i nvwb n‡j IB

mvsevw`‡Ki weiæ‡× ûgwK-nvgjv-jvÃbv wbZ¨‰bwgwËK welq n‡q ùvovq|

Kv‡iv cv †f‡O hgybvq †d‡j †`qvi ûgwK, KvD‡K †`‡L †bqvi ûgwK,

Kv‡ivev mvsevw`KZv wkwL‡q †`qvi (!) ûgwK¸‡jv AvR Avi bZyb wKQz

bq| G¸‡jv †g‡b wb‡qB KvR Ki‡Z nq mvsevw`K‡ì| ûgwK ïay bq,

Lyb, RL‡gi wkKviI n‡Z nq Zv‡ì| Gme NU‡j IB mvsevw`K‡ì cÖwZ

Zvi Awd‡mi AvPiY mn‡hvwMZvi bv n‡q A‡bK †ÿ‡ÎB wb`viæY

Ae‡njvi n‡q _v‡K| XvKvÕi g‡ZvB XvKvÕi evB‡iI i‡q‡Q mvsevw`K‡ì

GKvwaK msMVb| wKš‘ e¨w³MZ †ilv‡iwl ev `jxq msKxY© `…wófw½i

Kvi‡Y GmKj msMVb mvsevw`K‡ì †Kv‡bv myiÿv w`‡Z cv‡i bv, †hLv‡b

GKwU msMVb i‡q‡Q †mLv‡bI i‡q‡Q Uvbv‡cv‡ob| ZvB m¼UKv‡j

HKë× bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y AvÂwjK ch©v‡q ch©vß AwaKvi cªwZôv m¤¢e

n‡”Q bv| myZivs mvsevw`K‡ì Ici wbh©vZb-AZ¨vPvi K‡i

cÖfvekvjx‡ì cvi †c‡q hvIqvi †iIqvR w`b-w`b evo‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K

SuywKc~Y© †ckv †R‡bI hviv KvR Ki‡Qb, Zv‡ì g‡a¨ Kv`v †QvovQywo ev

Ab¨ †Kv‡bv Dcv‡q cªwZcÿ‡K Rã Kivi N„Y¨ g‡bvfve _vKvq Zv‡ì

A‡b‡KB hy³ n‡”Qb njy` mvsevw`KZvq|

6.10 hv-hv cÖ‡qvRb mvsevw`KZvq..

AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZvq hy³ i‡q‡Qb Ggb A‡bK mvsevw`K‡ì †bB

†Kv‡bv wkÿvMZ wWwMÖ, Zviv †Kv‡bvg‡Z wjL‡Z cv‡ib| Zviv Kx wjL‡Qb,

mvsevw`KZvi AcPP©v Ki‡Qb, bvwK e ‘wbôfv‡e mvsevw`KZv Ki‡Qb Zv-

I GLv‡b we‡eP¨ welq| †ckvMZ A`ÿZv I †ckv`vwi‡Z¡i Afv‡e

G‡KKwU cwÎKv ÔIqvb g¨vb †kvÕ UvB‡ci cwÎKvq cwiYZ n‡”Q|

m¤úv`K wb‡RB evZ©v m¤úv`K, cÖavb cÖwZ‡e`K, cÖædwiWvi me| e¨w³

ev †Mvôx¯v‡_© cwÎKv †ei K‡i wb‡Ri g~j¨ cÖwZôv Ki‡Qb †KD †KD|

Avevi hviv XvKv †_‡K cÖKvwkZ MYgva¨‡g KvR K‡ib Zv‡ì A‡b‡Ki

†ÿ‡ÎB nvDm cwjwm Rvbv bv _vKvq Zv‡ì cvVv‡bv msev` Kg Qvcv nq,

d‡j Zviv AeÁvi cv‡ÎI cwiYZ nb|

PzqvWv½vÕi mvsevw`K kvnve Avjxi g‡Z, mvsevw`KZvq wkÿvMZ

†hvM¨Zv, †ckvi cÖwZ ggZ¡‡eva, †PvL-Kvb †Lvjv ivLv, AvBb I

AvPiYwewai cÖwZ kÖ×vkxj _vKvUv LyeB Riæwi| GB mvsevw`‡Ki g‡Z,

wewfbœ MYgva¨‡gi gvwjKiv ¯íwkwÿZ e¨w³‡ì gd¯j ev ’vbxq

mvsevw`K wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM †`qvq mgv‡R Zvgvkv m„wó nq Ges msev`

m¤ú‡K© AÁZv Zv‡ì wewfbœ cÖwZeÜKZvi g‡a¨ †d‡j †`q| cvkvcvwk

G‡ì †KD-†KD ivRbxwZi mv‡_ hy³ _vKvq Zviv e¯‘wbô Z_¨ w`‡Z

cv‡ib bv| wZwb g‡b K‡ib mr, †hvM¨ I wkwÿZ e¨w³‡K †hvM¨Zvi

wfwË‡Z mvsevw`K wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM wbwðZ Kiv, mvsevw`K wb‡qv‡M miKvwi

AvBb cÖYqb, ivR‰bwZK gZv`‡k© wek¦vmx KvD‡K mvsevw`K wn‡m‡e

wb‡qvM bv †`qv Ges wb‡qv‡Mi ci h_vh_ cÖwkÿ‡Yi eë ’v Kiv

cÖ‡qvRb|

6.11 KZUv cwÎKv cÖKvwkZ n‡j AvÂwjK †KvUv c~iY nq...

mvsevw`KZv‡K Ôgnvb †ckv, msev`cÎ‡K mgv‡Ri cÖnix ev Ô†dv_© G÷UÕ

ejv n‡”Q| wKš‘ Zv‡ì KvÐvwi GB AvÂwjK mvsevw`Kiv cv‡”Qb bv

Zv‡ì cÖvc¨ m¤§vb Avevi `ÿZv-†hvM¨Zv wb‡q hviv mvsevw`KZvq

Avm‡Qb Zviv Avevi fv‡jv Ki‡Qb †mwUI wKš‘ wVK| Z‡e cÖkœ Ab¨

RvqMvq| GKwU †Rjv kni ev Dc‡Rjv †_‡K KZUv AvÂwjK cwÎKv

cÖKvk nIqv hyw³hy³ †mwUI we‡eP¨| XvKvÕi evB‡i †_‡K cÖKvwkZ

wecyjmsL¨K cwÎKvi cwjwUK¨vj B‡Kvbwg Kx †mwU †LuvRv cÖ‡qvRb|

KzwóqvÕi g‡Zv †QvU †Rjv †_‡K †ei n‡”Q 28wU ˆ`wbK; K·evRvi

†_‡K †ei n‡”Q 27wU| cwÎKvi Aby‡gv`b ev jvB‡mÝ cÖvwßi cÖwµqv

Zzjbvg~jK mnR nIqvq msev`c‡Îi msL¨v w`b-w`b †e‡oB P‡j‡Q|

GLb cÖkœ n‡jv, G¸‡jvi D‡Ïk¨ Kx? g~jZ eëmv, weÁvcb I wb‡Ri

Ae ’vb wVK ivLv| K_v e‡j Rvbv †M‡Q, G¸‡jv A‡bKUv mvsevw`K

ˆZwii KviLvbv (!) wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Q| cÖkœ n‡jv, eZ©gvb MYgva¨‡gi

msL¨vMZ †h DÌvb Avgiv jÿ¨ K‡iwQ Zvi Rb¨ †h cwigvY `ÿ

msev`Kg©x cÖ‡qvRb Zv Kx ˆZwi Kiv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q?

6.12 mv`vgvUv wi‡cv‡U©i cÖvavb¨..

e³e¨wbf©i evPwbK mvsevw`KZv GLb wcÖ›U I B‡jKUªwbK MYgva¨‡gi

†ewki fvM Ry‡o i‡q‡Q| †mB aviv †_‡K †ei n‡Z cv‡iwb AvÂwjK

mvsevw`KZvI| AbymÜvbx, e¨vL¨vg~jK ev gvbweK Av‡e`bag©x

cÖwZ‡e`‡bi †P‡q mfv-†mwgbvi, D‡Øvabag©x msev` †ewk †`Lv hvq|

†Rjv ev Dc‡Rjv kni †_‡K `~‡i wM‡q cÖwZ‡e`b ˆZwi K‡i Avbvi LiP

Awdm enb K‡i bv| ZvB AvÂwjK mvsevw`K‡ì †ewki fvMB fvM K‡i

50

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A¨vmvBb‡g›U Kfvi I †kqvi K‡i, hv‡K e‡j wmwm mvsevw`KZv| G‡Z

K‡i fz‡ji cwigvYI †e‡o hvq| A‡bK mgq ivR‰bwZK e¨w³eM© ev

¯’vbxq cÖfvekvjxiv msev` wb‡Ri AbyK~‡j Avbvi Rb¨ mvsevw`K‡ì

hvZvqvZ I Avc¨vq‡bi eë ’vi K‡i| Avevi A‡bK AvÂwjK mvsevw`K

Awf‡hvM K‡ib, XvKvÕi cwÎKvq Zv‡ì cvVv‡bv fv‡jv AbymÜvbx

cÖwZ‡e`b Qv‡c bv; Avevi Qvc‡jI A‡bKvsk ev` †`q; d‡j msev‡ì

Dr‡mi KvQ †_‡K cÖ‡kœi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq| mvnm wb‡q `yb©xwZi msev`

cÖKvk Ki‡j mn‡hvwMZvi Afve _v‡K av‡c-av‡c| wec‡` co‡j

(gvgjv-nvgjv, g„Zz¨SzuwKi m¤§yLxb n‡j) MYgva¨g `vwqZ¡ wb‡Z Pvq bv|

cÖwZôv‡bi fvl¨ _v‡K, cÖwZ‡e`b cÖKvk K‡i wb‡Ri Aw ÍZ¡ wecbœ nevi

m¤¢vebv _vK‡j Ggb cÖwZ‡e`‡bi ìKvi †bB|

6.13 evZ©vK‡ÿi nqivwb....

evZ©vK‡ÿi cÖwZ XvKvÕi evB‡ii mvsevw`K‡ì †ewki fv‡MiB Awf‡hvM

n‡jv, evZ©vKÿ †_‡K Ah_v Zv‡ì nqivwb I K_vq-K_vq Zz”Q-Zvw”Qj¨

Kiv nq| wewfbœ ARynv‡Z msev` Kg Qv‡c| gd¯‡ji mvsevw`K‡ì g‡a¨

hviv wUwf mvsevw`KZvq KvR K‡ib Zv‡ì dz‡UR Lye GKUv †`Lv‡bv nq

bv, Avevi KÉ¯i my›ì I mvejxj bq G Awf‡hv‡M †ewki fvM †W¯‹

wi‡cvU© Kiv nq| A‡bK wUwf P¨v‡bj K¨v‡givI †`q bv, A‡bï KvQ

†_‡K wb‡q KvR Pvwj‡q †bqvi civgk© †`qv nq|

6.14 mgm¨v Av‡iv Av‡Q ...

XvKvÕi evB‡ii A‡bK mvsevw`K fv‡jv wi‡cvU© Ki‡jI evZ©vK‡ÿ

mvsevw`KevÜe cwi‡ek bv _vKvq Zv‡ì cvVv‡bv A¨vmvBb‡g‡›Ui A‡bK

mgq cªKvk ev cÖPvi Kiv nq bv e‡jI AvÂwjK mvsevw`Kiv `ytL cªKvk

K‡ib| KviY GKwU fv‡jv AbymÜvbx wi‡cv‡U©i Rb¨ †h cwigv‡Y

AbymÜvb, e¨q I cwikÖg Ki‡Z nq, SyuwKc~Y© Kv‡Ri ci hw` Zv cÖKvk

ev cÖPvi bv nq Zvn‡j mvsevw`K‡ì g‡b †ckvi cÖwZ AvMÖn Kg‡Z

_v‡K| A‡bK nvD‡mB †Rjv cÖwZwbwa‡ì cvVv‡bv fv‡jv wi‡cvU©

cÖwZwnsmvekZ Mv‡qe n‡q hvq| A‡bK mvsevw`K AvR cªhyw³wbf©i n‡q

Kve©bKwc ev †cÖmwiwjR mvsevw`KZvq SuyK‡Qb| GgbI †`Lv †M‡Q,

cvVv‡bv msev‡ì †klw`‡K Ômswkøó msev`m~Î ˆ`wbK BbwKjve‡K RvbvbÕ

GB e³e¨mn msev`wU hyMvšÍ‡i cvVv‡bv n‡q‡Q|

cvwievwiK Pv‡c A‡b‡KB †Q‡o w`‡”Qb †ckvwU, hwÌ gb †_‡K G

†ckv Qvov KwVb e‡jB we‡ewPZ| hviv m¤§vbx cvb, Zv‡ì A‡b‡Ki

Avevi wbqwgZ m¤§vbx Aby‡gv`b nq bv| cª‡qvRbxq QywU PvB‡j Zv

Aby‡gv`b bv Kiv ev A‡bK mgq nvD‡mi AcÖZ¨vwkZ eënvi XvKvÕi

evB‡ii mvsevw`K‡ì g‡b ÿZ m…wó K‡i|

Mv‡g©›Um wk‡íi kÖwgK‡ì gvbevwaKvi wb‡q K_v ejv nq gv‡S-

g‡a¨B| RvZxq kÖg AvB‡bi ev¯Íevqb, wb‡qvMcÎ, cwiPqcÎmn

†Kv‡bvwUiB ev¯Íevqb bv nIqvi †iKW© MYgva¨g RM‡ZI Kg bq|

AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZvq Gi msL¨v Av‡iv A‡bK-A‡bK ¸Y †ewk| Avevi

†KD MYgva¨‡g mvsevw`K wn‡m‡e cÖ‡ek Ki‡jB wn‡me Pz‡K hvq bv|

K_vq-K_vq PvKwi LvIqvi ûgwK, †ÿÎwe‡k‡l PvKwiPz¨Z Kivi eû

bwRi i‡q‡Q MYgva¨g RM‡Z| evZ©v-m¤úv`K ev Av‡iv Dc‡ii c‡ì

gvbyl‡ìI PvKwiPz¨wZi †iKW© i‡q‡Q MYgva¨‡g| G‡ÿ‡Î Kg g~jëvb

AvÂwjK cÖwZwbwa‡ì K_v bv ej‡jI P‡j| PvKwii wbivcËv, cÖwf‡W›U

dvÛ, BÝy¨‡iÝ ev wPwKrmv fvZvi g‡Zv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© PvKwii Abyl½¸‡jvI

GLv‡b †bB|

7. Zey Avkv †eu‡a ivLv ...

¯’vbxq ch©v‡q mvsevw`KZvi weKvk I msev` cÖKvkbvq MwZkxjZv e„w×

†`‡ki mykvmb wbwð‡Zi Rb¨ Acwinvh©| êlg¨nxb mgvR wPšÍvq †`‡k

myôy I mgwšZ Dbœqb Kg©KvÐ cÖZ¨vkvi cvkvcvwk MYZvwš¿K g~j¨‡eva

cÖwZôv I PP©vi †ÿÎwU‡K iv‡óªi wbPyZjv ch©šÍ wbwð‡Zi Rb¨ ’vbxq

msev`cÎ I mvsevw`KZvi weKv‡ki kZ©c~iY Riæwi (cv‡Ð I ingvb,

2011)| Z_¨cÖhyw³i Dbœqb †K›`ª I cÖv‡šÍi `~iZ¡ NuywP‡q w`‡”Q| myZivs

†KvbUv XvKvÕi msev` Avi †KvbUv XvKvÕi evB‡ii †m welqwUi gyL¨ nevi

K_v bq| †mB ¯‡cœi cvkvcvwk nvRv‡iv cÖwZeÜKZv wb‡q GwM‡q P‡j‡Q

AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZv| Z‡e wbivkviI wKQy †bB| ¯cœ wb‡q A‡bK `~i

GwM‡q †h‡Z n‡e| XvKvÕi evB‡ii mvsevw`KZvi †ÿÎ w`b w`b cÖk¯Í

n‡e| mKj cÖwZeÜKZv KvwU‡q mvgvwRK `vqe×Zvi †fZi w`‡qB

mvsevw`Kiv RvwZ‡K mvg‡bi w`‡K GwM‡q †b‡e, m¤¢vebvi Øvi D‡b¥vwPZ

n‡e|

Ggb GKwU w`b Avm‡e hLb XvKvÕi evB‡ii mvsevw`K‡ì cwiPq

wb‡q (Zviv mvsevw`K bvwK wVKv`vi, GbwRIKg©x, wkÿK bvwK Ab¨

†Kv‡bv †ckvi m`m¨) †Kv‡bv cÖkœ IV‡e bv| †ckv`vwiZ¡ M‡o IVvi

gva¨‡g GB mvsevw`KZvi wm‡÷g jm Kg‡e| mvsevw`K‡ì †Kv‡bv

Avjv`v `jgZ _vK‡e bv| e ‘wbô msev` cwi‡ekbB n‡e Zv‡ì GKgvÎ

gZv`k©| †mB w`bwU Avgiv †`‡L †h‡Z PvB| mKj AÜKvi `~i K‡i

Av‡jv Aek¨B Avm‡e| AÜKvi `~ixf‚Z nIqvi m~PbvI n‡q‡Q| †`‡ki

cÖwZwôZ MYgva¨‡g¸‡jvi K‡qKwU GLb XvKvÕi evB‡ii mvsevw`KZv‡K

g~j¨vqb Ki‡Q| Zviv mvsevw`K‡ì wbqwgZ †eZbfvZv cÖ`vbmn memgq

†ckvMZ DrKl©Zvi w`‡K bRi w`‡”Q| d‡j A‡bK wkwÿZ I †hvMïv G

†ckvq Avm‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Qb| †hvMïv Lye Aí mg‡qB nvD‡m fv‡jv

Ae ’vb K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡Qb| †mLv‡b Z`wei ev `jxq †jevm Avi †Kv‡bv

Kv‡R Avm‡Q bv, g~j¨vqb n‡”Q `ÿZv I †hvM¨Zvi| GKRb `ÿ

mvsevw`K GLb GKmv‡_ XvKvÕi msev`cÎ, ’vbxq msev`cÎ, AbjvBb

msev` ms¯’v, †eZv‡ii mv‡_ RwoZ n‡q m¤§v‡bi mv‡_ RxebaviY

Ki‡Qb| †mB mv‡_ mykxj mgv‡Ri cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e m¤§vwbZ n‡”Qb,

m¤§vwbZ Ki‡Qb †ckv‡K| hwÌ †m msL¨v GLb †ewk bq| ZeyI GwUB

Avkvi Av‡jv|

7.1 Z_¨cÖhyw³ wbf©iZv I AvMvgxi fwel¨r...

mvsevw`KZvq bZzb gvÎv †hvM K‡i‡Q †hvMv‡hvM cÖhyw³i eënvi| AvR

†_‡K 20 eQi Av‡MI mvsevw`KZv wQj †Uwj‡dvb, wPwV, Kzwiqvi,

d¨v·wbf©i| wKš‘ eZ©gv‡b wb‡g‡lB N‡U hvIqv NUbv K‡qK wgwb‡Ui

g‡a¨ cvVv‡Z n‡”Q MYgva¨‡g, cvV‡Ki Z_¨Pvwn`vI †e‡o †M‡Q eû¸Y|

Ggb ev ÍeZvq Avgiv AwZµg KiwQ GK bZzb mgq, †hLv‡b cÖexY

mvsevw`Kiv GKUz n‡jI bZzb cÖhyw³‡K Gwo‡q Pj‡Z Pvb Avi ZiæYiv

GwU‡K AuvK‡o a‡i mvsevw`KZvi †Póv Ki‡Qb| bZzb-bZzb cÖhyw³i

mnRjf¨Zv †Rjv kni †_‡K cÖ_g †kÖwYi cwÎKv cÖKv‡ki m¤¢vebv

evwo‡q Zzj‡Q| wek¦vq‡bi hy‡M ivRavbx bvwK AvÂwjK GB cv_©K¨ _vK‡Q

bv|

7.2 †ckv`vwiZ¡ I mvsevw`KZvi gv‡bvbœqb..

mvsevw`KZv wb‡q A‡bK K_v ejv n‡jI †ckv`vwiZ¡ wb‡q LyeB Kg K_v

ejv nq| wkÿvMZ †hvM¨Zv, †ckvi cÖwZ `vwqZ¡kxj Qvov B‡”QgvwdK

mvsevw`KZv Kivi mgq ax‡i-ax‡i iæ× n‡Z P‡j‡Q| mswkøó wel‡q

Abvm©, gv÷vm© A_ev wW‡cøvgv wWwMÖavix‡ì AMÖvwaKvi w`‡q mvsevw`K‡ì

wb‡qvM A_ev wb‡qv‡Mi ci BbnvDm cÖwkÿ‡Yi eë¯’v wbwðZ Kiv Riæwi

n‡q uvwo‡q‡Q|

eZ©gv‡b mvsevw`KZvq mœvZK I mœvZ‡KvËi †k‡l A‡b‡KB †Rjv

kn‡i wcÖ›U I B‡jKUªwbK wgwWqvi †Rjv cÖwZwbwa ev ey¨‡iv wn‡m‡e

mvsevw`KZv ïiæ Ki‡Qb| G AÂ‡ji ivRkvnx, PuvcvBbeveMÄ, bv‡Uvi,

e¸ov, bIMuvÕq B‡Zvg‡a¨ mvsevw`KZvq wWwMÖavixiv AvMÖnx n‡q‡Qb|

ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wcwRwW Bb wmwfK Rvb©vwjRg †Kv‡m© G AÂ‡ji

cÖvq GKkÕ Rb mvsevw`K mœvZ‡KvËi wW‡cøvgv AR©b K‡i‡Qb hv Zv‡ì

†ckvMZ DrKl©Zv mva‡b f‚wgKv †i‡L‡Q| ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi

MY‡hvMv‡hvM I mvsevw`KZv wefv‡Mi `yB eQi †gqvw` mvÜ¨ gv÷vm©

†Kv‡m© cÖwZeQi cÖvq 50 Rb wkÿv_©x wWwMÖ wb‡”Qb hv‡ì †ewki fvMB

wcÖ›U I B‡jKUªwbK wgwWqvq Kg©iZ mvsevw`K|

wefvMwU B‡Zvg‡a¨ G AÂ‡ji mvsevw`KZvi DrKl©Zv mva‡b

Pvigvm †gqvw` mvwU©wd‡KU Bb Rvb©vwjRg †Kvm© Pvjyi wm×všÍ wb‡q‡Q|

Gi gva¨‡g G AÂj Z_v cy‡iv †`‡ki e ‘wbô I `vwqZ¡kxj mvsevw`KZvi

DrKl©Zv mva‡b wefvMwU Ae`vb ivL‡Q| Ab¨vb¨ †ckvi g‡Zv

mvsevw`KZvqI b~¨bZg †hvM¨Zv wba©vi‡Y Z_¨ gš¿Yvj‡qi mvwU©wd‡KU

AR©b‡K ¸iæZ¡ †`qvi cÖ Íve GL‡bv we‡ePbvaxb i‡q‡Q| ivRkvnx

wek¦we`¨vjq MY‡hvMv‡hvM I mvsevw`KZv wefv‡Mi mn‡hvwMZvq ivRkvnx

wefv‡Mi Av‡°jcyi gwRei ingvb K‡j‡Ri wWwMÖ ch©v‡q †hvMv‡hvM I

mvsevw`KZv wefvM †Lvjvi D‡`¨vM †bqv n‡q‡Q|

51

wbix¶v

B‡Zvg‡a¨ †`‡ki wewfbœ miKvwi-cvewjK I †emiKvwi

wek¦we`¨vj‡q mvsevw`KZv wefv‡Mi cVb-cvVb ïiæ n‡q‡Q| Z‡e G

welqwUi ¸iæZ¡ I wkÿv_©x‡ì AvMÖn we‡ePbvq miKvwi K‡jRmg~‡n wWwMÖ

ch©v‡q mvsevw`KZv †Kvm© Pvjy Riæwi n‡q c‡o‡Q| KviY K‡jR ch©v‡q

mvsevw`KZv wefvM †Lvjv n‡j AvÂwjK ch©v‡q e¯‘wbô I `vwqZ¡kxj

mvsevw`KZvi PP©v I weZi‡Y GmKj K‡jR Abb¨ f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z

cv‡i| wek¦we`¨vj‡qi cvkvcvwk wewfbœ miKvwi I †emiKvwi cÖwZôvb

(wcAvBwe, GgAviwWAvBmn) AvÂwjK mvsevw`K‡ì welqwfwËK

cÖwkÿY, †d‡jvwkc, cyi¯‹vi, AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZvi gvb evov‡Z f‚wgKv

ivL‡Q hv Av‡iv †Rvi`vi n‡Z cv‡i|

GKwU K_v cÖvqB ejv nq, GKRb Wv³v‡ii AmveavbZvq GKRb

†ivMx gviv †h‡Z cv‡i, GKRb AvBbRxexi AmveavbZvq GKwU cwievi

ûgwKi gy‡L co‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ GKRb mvsevw`‡Ki AmveavbZvq cy‡iv

mgvR ÿwZMÖ Í n‡Z cv‡i| A_P wPwKrmK‡ì weGgwWwmÕi mvwU©wd‡KU,

AvBbRxex‡ì evi KvDwÝ‡ji mvwU©wd‡KU MÖnY K‡i Kvh©µg ïiæ Ki‡Z

n‡jI mvsevw`KZvi Rb¨ Ggb †Kv‡bv eë ’v †bB| Kv‡ji cwiµgvq

GwU Riæwi n‡q ùvwo‡q‡Q| wKQzw`b Av‡M A¨vwµwW‡Ukb KvDwÝ‡ji K_v

D‡V G‡jI Zv AvcvZZ ev Íevq‡bi gyL †`L‡Q bv| A¨vwµwW‡Ukb

KvDwÝ‡ji gva¨‡g mvsevw`K‡ì †ckvq Avmvi my‡hvM †`qv n‡j

cÖ_gve ’vq wKQz weZK© Avm‡ZB cv‡i; Z‡e RvwZi Kj¨v‡Yi ¯v‡_© Ges

mvsevw`KZvi gv‡bvbœq‡bi ¯v‡_© GwU n‡Z cv‡i eZ©gvb miKv‡ii

¸iæZ¡c~Y© c`‡ÿc| G‡ÿ‡Î hviv mvsevw`KZvq A‡bKw`b a‡iB Av‡Qb,

Zv‡ì wel‡q kZ© wKQzUv wkw_j Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| cÖ ÍvewU n‡jv:

(1) mvsevw`K n‡Z n‡j, †m XvKv‡ZB †nvK Avi gd¯‡j †nvK, Zv‡K

AšÍZ mœvZK wWwMÖ cvm n‡Z n‡e Ges mvsevw`KZv wel‡q

mvwU©wd‡KU †Kvm© _vK‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î wZwb AMÖvwaKvi cv‡eb;

(2) Z_¨ gš¿Yvjq mvsevw`K, wkÿvwe` I gš¿Yvj‡qi Kg©KZ©v‡ì mgš‡q

mvZ m`‡mï GKwU A¨vwµwW‡Ukb KvDwÝj MVb Ki‡Z cv‡i;

(3) GB KvDwÝ‡ji ZË¡veav‡b evsjv‡`k †cÖm Bbw÷wUDU (wcAvBwe)

cÖwZeQi m¤¢e n‡j 2 evi A_ev eQ‡i AšÍZ GKevi mvsevw`KZv

eywbqv`x wel‡q 100 b¤‡ii GgwmwKD cixÿv †b‡e| cixÿvq

AšÍZ hviv 40 b¤i cv‡e ZvivB †Kej A¨vwµwW‡Ukb KvDwÝ‡ji

KvQ †_‡K GKwU †iwR‡÷ªªkb b¤i cv‡e;

(4) †iwR‡÷ªkb b¤i Qvov XvKv wKsev XvKvÕi evB‡ii KvD‡K †Kv‡bv

MYgva¨g mvsevw`K wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM w`‡Z cvi‡e bv;

(5) Z‡e hviv wWGdwc Aby‡gvw`Z cwÎKv ev miKvi Aby‡gvw`Z

†iwWI/wUwfÕ‡Z 3 eQi ev Zvi †ewk mgq a‡i mvsevw`K wn‡m‡e

Kg©iZ, Zv‡ì †ÿ‡Î A¨vwµwW‡Ukb KvDwÝj ïaygvÎ †gŠwLK

cixÿvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡e hv eQ‡i GKevi ev 2 evi AbywôZ n‡e|

A¨vwµwW‡Ukb KvDwÝ‡ji msL¨vMwiô m`‡mï gZvg‡Zi wfwË‡Z

H mvsevw`K †iwR‡÷ªkb b¤i cv‡eb| A¨vwµwW‡Ukb KvDwÝj

MVb nevi c‡i cixÿv Qvov KvD‡KB mvsevw`K wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM

†`qv hv‡e bv;

(6) cwÎKvi wWK¬v‡ikb †`qvi †ÿ‡Î bZzb K‡i fve‡Z n‡e;

(7) wb‡qvM cÖ v‡bi ci cÖ‡Z¨K MYgva¨g Zvi Kg©x/mvsevw`K‡ì

BbnvDm cÖwkÿ‡Yi eë ’v Ki‡e|

7.3 msev‡` êwPÎ¨ I eûgvwÎKZvi mÂviY..

cwiKwíZ c‡_ AvÂwjK mvsevw`K‡ì cwiPvjbv m¤¢e n‡j Ges

cÖwkÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g Zv‡ì gvb I Kg© ÿZv evov‡bv †M‡j cÖwZwbqZ

mviv‡`k †_‡K bZzb-bZzb msev` Dc ’vcb Kiv m¤¢e n‡e| †K›`ªwbf©i

msev`weeiYxi cvkvcvwk ¯’vbxq NUbv¸‡jv ¸iæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ ’vb K‡i

†b‡e| mvsevw`KZvi wPišÍb D‡Ïk¨, gvbegyw³, b¨v‡qi wePvi, mgv‡R

¯”QZv ’vc‡b AMÖYx f‚wgKv ivL‡Z cvi‡e mvsevw`KZv| GQvovI gd¯j

mvsevw`K‡ì d‡Uv-mvsevw`KZvi cÖwkÿY cÖ`vb Kiv m¤¢e n‡j

mviv‡`‡ki AmsL¨ êwPÎ¨gq, my›ì I kw³kvjx Qwe cwÎKvi Dc ’vcbv

ˆkjx‡Z e¨vcK ¸YMZ cwieZ©b Avb‡Z cv‡i| GKB NUbv B‡jKUªwbK

wgwWqvi mvsevw`KZvi †ÿ‡ÎI cÖ‡hvR¨| Ab¨w`‡K, Z_¨cÖhyw³i Kj¨v‡Y

AbjvBb msev`c‡Îi weKvk NU‡Q| cvkvcvwk ZiæY‡ì g‡a¨ wewfbœ

wgwWqv †hgb eøM, A¨vcm BZ¨vw` eënv‡ii gva¨‡g bvMwiK

mvsevw`KZviI PP©v evo‡Q| AbjvB‡b gd¯j mvsevw`KZvi weKv‡ki †h

aviv cwijwÿZ n‡”Q Ges wmwU‡Rb I KwgDwbwU mvsevw`KZvi †QvU-†QvU

aviv wg‡j ˆZwi n‡Z cv‡i my›ì AvMvgx| Z‡e Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb

g~javivi MYgva¨‡gi `„wófw½i cwieZ©b|

we`¨gvb cÖPwjZ †K›`ªwbf©iZv †f‡O †MvUv †`‡ki KÉ¯i n‡q IVvi

m¤¢vebv †`Lv‡”Q †`‡ki †ek K‡qKwU MYgva¨g| cvVKmsL¨v e„w× I

mvsevw`KZvi AvaywbKvq‡bi gva¨‡g †ekwKQz AvÂwjK msev`cÎ Avevi

RvZxq msev`c‡Î iƒc jvf Ki‡Q| †hgb ˆ`wbK c~e©vÂj, ˆ`wbK

Ki‡Zvqv| eZ©gvb miKvi Amy¯’ I A-m”Qj mvsevw`K‡ì GKKvjxb

fvZvi †ÿ‡Î XvKvÕi evB‡ii mvsevw`K‡ì we‡ePbvq wb‡q‡Q hv cÖksmvi

`vwe iv‡L| G ai‡bi D‡`¨vM Av‡iv †ewkgvÎvq MÖnY Kiv m¤¢e n‡j

AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZv jvfevb n‡e|

7.4 wKQz myweav cÖ`vb...

MÖvgvÂ‡ji †hme msev`cÎ A_©vfv‡e eÜ n‡q hv‡”Q, Zv‡ì‡K gvbm¤§Z

Dcv‡q euvwP‡q ivLvi ¯v‡_© cÖ‡qvR‡b wkí wn‡m‡e mnR k‡Z© FY myweav

cÖ vb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| ïay A_©‰bwZKfv‡e gReyZ n‡jB Pj‡e bv,

AvÂwjK cwÎKvi eë¯’vcbv‡K n‡Z n‡e `„p I k³| ¯’vbxq msev`‡K

¸iæZ¡ w`‡q Qvcvi cvkvcvwk AvÂwjK ch©v‡q Dchy³ m¤§vbx w`‡q fv‡jv

wi‡cvU©vi wb‡qvM w`‡Z n‡e| GKB mv‡_ wecYb eë ’v‡K ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q

Dcjwäi †Kv‡bv weKí †bB| XvKvÕi evB‡i †_‡K cÖKvwkZ cwÎKvi me

c„ôvq AvÂwjK msev`‡K ¸iæZ¡ †`qv DwPZ| hv‡Z K‡i AÂjwfwËK †h

mKj miKvwi-†emiKvwi cÖwZôvb Av‡Q Zv †_‡K weÁvcb cvIqv hvq|

cvkvcvwk AvÂwjK MYgva¨‡gi Rb¨ Dc‡Rjv I †Rjv/AvÂwjK

msev`c‡Î ¯’vbxq miKvwi I †emiKvwi weÁvcb I weÁwß cÖ v‡bi myweav

I AMÖvwaKvi †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡eB GwM‡q †h‡Z cv‡i AvÂwjK

mvsevw`KZv, Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i cÖv‡šÍi mvgwMÖK Dbœq‡b|

†kl Ki‡Z PvB, AvZZvqxi ¸wj‡Z wbnZ ˆ`wbK RbK‡Éi knx`

mvsevw`K kvgQzi ingv‡bi Rxe‡bi †kl wbe‡Üi †kl K‡qKwU jvBb

w`‡q...Ôgd¯‡j KvR Kivi wfZi †hgb cÖwZK‚jZv Av‡Q, †Zgwb Av‡Q

Acvi Avb›Ì| GLv‡b e‡m mvaviY gvby‡li g‡a¨ †_‡K myL-`ytL

cÖKv‡ki hZ my‡hvM GLbI Av‡Q, ivRavbx‡Z Zv †bB| AvRb¥ †hb

gd¯j mvsevw`K wn‡m‡eB KvR Ki‡Z cvwi| KviY kVZv I K…wÎgZvi

g‡aÏ GLv‡b GLbI gvby‡li fv‡jvevmvwU AK…wÎg! gvby‡li fv‡jvevmv

AR©‡bi †P‡q GKRb mvsevw`‡Ki Rxe‡b Avi me cÖvwß Zz”Q|Õ

Z_¨m~Î

1. †hvRb 11-17| MY‡hvMv‡hvM I mvsevw`KZv wefvM, ivRkvnx

wek¦we`¨vjq|

2. ¯’vbxq mvsevw`KZv 55-60| g¨vmjvBb wgwWqv †m›Uvi

3. Ave`yjøvn,Zylvi| 2012| gd¯‡j wUwf mvsevw`KZv

4. DwÏb, †gvbvRvZ| 1997| KvM‡Ri gvby‡liv

5. XvKvÕi evB‡i mvsevw`KZv| 2000| wewmwW‡Rwm

6. †gvbvRvZDwÏb| 1995| AbymÜvbx cÖwZ‡e`b MÖvgxY ch©vq

†_‡K| wewmwW‡Rwm

7. ¯§iwYKv| 2011| ivRkvnx mvsevw`K Kj¨vY Znwej

8. KvBDg, gvgyb| 2011| XvKvÕi evB‡i mvsevw`KZv : mgm¨v -

m¤¢vebv| †hvRb| MY‡hvMv‡hvM I mvsevw`KZv wefvM|

9. wmwÏKx, Avikv`| 2004| Ô ’vbxq msev`cÎ I mvsevw`KZvi

mxgve×ZvÕ| wbixÿv| msL¨v: 122| c„. 26|

10. gvbœvb, Ave`yj| 2003| ÔZ_¨cÖvwß‡Z ’vbxq mvsevw`‡Ki

cÖwZeÜKZvÕ| wbixÿv| msL¨v: 109,c„. 23|

11. ingvb. Gg †Mvjvg (1999), ÔKwgDwb‡Kkb Bmy¨R Bb

evsjv‡`kÕ, c„. 83)|

12. Nwosu, Ikechukwu (1988), Effective Reporting ofRural Africa: Towards Improved Strategies andPractices, Africa Media Review, Vol.2, No.3 1988.

†jLK: mfvcwZ, MY‡hvMv‡hvM I mvsevw`KZv wefvM

ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vjq

(ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wm‡bU fe‡b MZ 13B A‡±vei

†jLvwU †mwgbvi †ccvi wn‡m‡e cvVo Kiv nq)

52

wbix¶v

53

ivRkvnx‡Z wcAvBweÕi †mwgbvi

Rw½ev` `g‡b MYgva¨g ¸iæZ¡c~Y©

f~wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i: Z_¨gš¿x

Z_¨gš¿x nvmvbyj nK Bby e‡j‡Qb,

mvsevw`K‡ì e ‘wbô mvsevw`KZvi PP©v

Ki‡Z n‡e| Rw½ev`‡K KL‡bvB gyw³hy‡×i

†PZbvi m‡½ gvcv hv‡e bv| Rw½ev` wbg~©j

Ki‡Z MYgva¨g ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv ivL‡Z

cv‡i| ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi wm‡bU

fe‡b evsjv‡`k †cÖm Bbw÷wUDU

(wcAvBwe)-Gi Av‡qvR‡b MY‡hvMv‡hvM I

mvsevw`KZv wefv‡Mi mn‡hvwMZvq ÔRvZxq

Dbœq‡b AvÂwjK mvsevw`KZv: mgm¨v I

m¤¢vebvÕ kxl©K GK †mwgbv‡i wZwb Gme

K_v e‡jb|

wek¦we`¨vj‡qi DcvPvh© Aa¨vcK

gyn¤§` wgRvbDwÏ‡bi mfvcwZ‡Z¡ †mwgbv‡i

cÖavb AwZw_ wQ‡jb Z_¨gš¿x nvmvbyj nK

Bby| †mwgbv‡i D‡Øvabx Abyôv‡b we‡kl

AwZw_ wn‡m‡e Dcw ’Z wQ‡jb

wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Dc-DcvPvh© Aa¨vcK †PŠayix

mviIqvi Rvnvb| ï‡f”Qv e³e¨ †`b

wcAvBweÕi gnvcwiPvjK †gv. kvn

AvjgMxi| cÖavb AwZw_i e³‡e¨ nvmvbyj

nK Bby e‡jb, ÔMYgva¨‡gi `vwqZ¡ fvimvg¨

iÿv Kiv bq| MYgva¨g eû¯i, eû¯§„wZ|

MYgva¨g RvwZi we‡eK ˆZwi K‡i|

MYgva¨g iv‡óªi PZz_© Í¤¢ wn‡m‡e AvBb,

wePvi Ges kvmb wefv‡Mi m‡½ Gi

IZ‡cÖvZ m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| MYgva¨g‡K ev`

w`‡q †hgb MYZ‡š¿i PP©v Kiv hvq bv

†Zgwb MYZš¿‡K ev` w`‡qI MYgva¨g

Kíbv Kiv hvq bv| MYgva¨g mgv‡Ri mZ¨

I b¨v‡qi K_v Zz‡j aivi †ÿ‡Î ¸iæZ¡c~Y©

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60

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