mw basic antenna alignment

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

2023年4月9日星期日

Microwave Antenna

Alignment


www.huawei.com

Wang FuzhongTransmission Engineering Dept.


Tools and Resources for antenna Alignment

Riggers for antenna alignment: 4person, 2 for each site

Multimeter: 2pcs, one for each site

Laptop: 1, for Radio configuration and RSL check

Engineering Order Wire handset

Spanner (Wrench)

Binoscopic


Antenna Radial Profile

Simplified to

>15dB


Antenna Radial Pattern Envelope (RPE)

Top or side View of the antenna (RPE)

Main Beam

1st Side Lobe

The theoretic difference of the gains between main beam with 1st side lobe: 15 to 20dB.

During panning, If the difference between RSL with objective is less than 15dB, it means the main beam already touched. Just do the fine-tuning.


Antenna Radiation Patterns Envelope (RPE)

Main beam

1st Side Lobe

Boresight View


Antenna Radiation Patterns Envelope (RPE)

SideView

TopView

Main beam

1st Side Lobe

Main beam

Main beam

Boresight View

HPBW

FNBW: First Null BeamWidth


Antenna Alignment

Pan the antenna by Multi-meter & LCT

+3.45V

RSSI/VAGC

1st Side Lobe

Main beam

Azimuth

ODU

Multi-MeterRSSI or AGC Voltage

IDU

IF

CA

BLE


Antenna panning (Horizontal)

TopView

Main beamMain beam

1st Side Lobe


Antenna Panning (Vertical)

SideView

Main beamMain beam

1st Side Lobe


Antenna Alignment (Horizontal)

Misaligned Proper Aligned


Antenna Alignment

Line A-A represents the azimuth tracking path of a properly aligned antenna.

The main beam is at point 2, and the first side lobe at points 1 and 3.

Boresight View of Azimuth Tracking

Paths for Different ElevationsSignal Levels for Each Track


Antenna Alignment (Up and Down)

Reflecting Ground or Specular Plane

Up and Down Misaligned



Antenna Alignment (Up and Down)

Aligned properly



Special alignment to mitigate specular reflection multipath fading for extremely long haul

Proper Aligned


A little up-tilt (0.35 to 0.5 degree, depending on the FNBW) of the

antennas so as to mitigate major ground specular refelection which

result in multi-path fading at long haul link which over water-body


Steps for MW Installation

Check RFT (Ready for Telecom)

Safety check

Antenna and Outdoor works first under good weather condition

IF cabling or Elliptical waveguide laying

Indoor works (even in bad weather or night time)

Labelling all the cables and links

Grounding

Premises Cleaning after the works

Power Tapping

etc.


Steps for antennas panning

Pointing both side antennas to each other by azimuth

Power on both sides’ radio

Panning by multi-meters as well as Laptop with LCT

Keep one antenna, i.e. Antenna #01 immobility (fixed temporary)

Panning antenna #02 (coordinate antenna) at azimuth first(Horizental),

achieve RSL(or RSSI) peak, then by up/down (or Vertically), achieve

the peak RSL (or RSSI) also, fix it temporary

Panning antenna #01 with the same way as above, then fix it

Panning both sides antennas alternately till to achieve expected RSL


Thank You

www.huawei.com

mw basic antenna alignment

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