my lean + bim journey [nathan wood, brazil lean conference]
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MY Lean + BIM JourneyNathan Wood, Chief Enabling Officer
@nathancwood
@SpectrumAEC
Boulder, COAustin, TXSan Francisco, CA
Falls Church, VA
The Journey to DPR Construction & BIM
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BIM Research Assignment: Abu Dhabi
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DPR Consulting: Implementing 5D Collaboration
We.Build.People.
SpectrumAEC Drives the Development of Digital Project Standards that Balance the Needs of People, Process, & TechnologyMission
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WHATHOW
WHY?
The BIM Implementation JourneyBIM DefinitionUS National BIM Standard v1, 2007 A digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility. A BIM is a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle; defined as existing from earliest conception to demolition.3D4D5D6DXDLOD
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SUTTER CASTRO VALLEY
WHY: Sutter Health + OSHPD State Requirements
Seismic Fault LinesSan Francisco Bay, CA
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Structure & Faade Coordination
WHAT: Detailed BIM of Structure & Faade
Concrete shear walls along perimeter on L1-3Congested reinforcing in boundary elements500 wall embeds and penetrations for precast
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30% Reduction in ScheduleNo Rework(MEP)As-Built ModelIncrease Field Crew Production
HOW: BIM + Lean + Integrated Project Delivery
3D Detailing and Coordination in TeklaShop Drawing Generation is Direct Output from Tekla Model
BIM Use: Direct 3D to 2D Field Drawings
The First Discovery: Rebar vs. Precast Sleeve200+ Facade penetrations or embed were coordinated with rebar and MEP. Precast subcontractor did not originally account for rebar spacing during design.Over 25% of Connection designs were changed due to BIM Coordination
BIM Use: Precast Faade Connections
BIM = Better Productivity & Quality
Benefit: Quality Control + Increased ProductivityDPR Concrete reported 10% Productivity Increase from BIM shop drawings process.
ArchitectDesign Assist
3D ModelDesign DrawingsShop DrawingsCommentsPermit
Lesson Learned: Design Assist Permit Process
A Coordinated BIM is only as valuable as the deliverable that it produces!Design Drawings?=?
Shop DrawingsThe Question Becomes
Risk: Design to Fabrication Reliability
How do you check?
Countermeasure: 2D Fabrication to BIMDesign Assist Subcontractors Provided CAD to Align in Tekla
From 2D Shop Drawings..
From 2D to 3D BIM .. Not Lean, but Effective!
Precast 2D ElevationElevation in Fab Model
BIM Use: Complex Detail Coordination (BIM + IPD)
Coordinated in the Model
Revised Shop Drawing
Benefit: BIM to Fabrication Reliability
BIM Use: 2D Detail Constructability Review
Tapered Roof Insulation
BIM Use: Podium Roof Design CoordinationOSHPD requires minimum distance between roof penetrations 30+ locations where tapered insulation fell above kicker connectionsOPTION #1: Spend $50K + schedule delay to move existing screen posts
BIM + Lean: Last Responsible Moment
OPTION #2: Roof Slope redesigned 4 weeks prior to roof concrete pourRequired 3 new drains to be coordinated with existing MEP BIM
Trust: constructability input
HOW: Shared Risk & Reward with MEP TradesRouted 3 additional drains to a nearby riser in BIMNew drainage calculation of the redesigned slopingConfirmed LEED requirements of roof still heldPoured concrete roof slab on schedule
Trust: Trades install from bim
BIM Use: Automated Spool Fabrication from BIMCourtesy of McClanahan Plumbing
Synergy: Bim + total station
BIM Use: Integrated Total Station LayoutUse of Robotic Total Station (RTS) in Conjunction with Coordinated MEP Inserts in BIM4X Productivity Compared to Conventional LayoutCourtesy of McClanahan Plumbing
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Drywall Spool Sheets Direct from Coordinated BIMTrust: improved framing process
BIM Use: Drywall Framing Productivity & ReworkCredit: DPR Drywall
50-95%Reduction in Rework
Benefits: Installation Metrics (Castro Valley)5-28%Increase in Productivity
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SUTTER CASTRO VALLEYSUTTER ALTA BATES
Fall 2010: Transferring Lessons to Alta Bates
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New Project, New Risks: Sutter Alta Bates
Complex Project SiteUnforseen Conditions
Level 5Level 1Ground LevelLower Level Level 2Level 3Level 420+ Connections to 5 existing structures on 7 levelsSeismic Expansion Joint Connections
BIM Use: Modeling of Temporary Structures
Rebar Scope Gap:Tower Crane AnchorTower Crane Design:Height Requirement & Radius Limits
BIM Use: Faade Constructability Comments
Visual Pour Planning
BIM Use: Concrete Planning & Layout
Enhanced Concrete Lift DrawingsTotal Station Layout Integration
Project Challenges
Risk: BIM vs. Field Reliability
?=?
Robotic Total StationBetter for model vs. field comparison of large areas/entire site
Countermeasure: Digital As-BuiltingBetter for specific points (end of wall, bottom of door threshold, etc)
Laser Scanning
Courtesy of Trimble Navigation ltd.
BIM Use: Modeling of Unforseen Conditions
As unforseen conditions were discovered, trimble total station was used to document as-built location of obstructions, so that we could bring them into the model to see what future construction it would impact34
Design allows for maximum 3 tolerance for placement of pilesAs-Built pile layout showed deviations up to 12 in more difficult locations
Risk: Misplaced Piles & Rebar Design Changes
Robotic Total Station points were captured immediately following pile placement to early identify misplaced piles and begin design change and approval process
Within ToleranceOut of Tolerance Change in RebarOut of Tolerance No Rebar Changes
BIM Use: Digital Check for Deviations
BIM Use: Coordination of Rebar & Structural Steel
2D constructability markup
Steel Plate Penetrations Aligned with new Rebar Design
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The Process
Lean Innovation: Cloud Rebar Submittal Reviews
Cloud Comment Responses = No Resubmittal
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BIM Use: Macro 4D Visualization of Trades
Pour Concrete Basement Walls
Erect Steel Frame
Follow behind with Concrete Core Walls
BIM Use: Micro 4D Constructability Analysis
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4D Clash: Welding Access
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4D Clash: Welding Access
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Form 2x2 opening in wall for welding accessLeave out section of wall prior to steel
Communicate Design Changes in BIM
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Patch opening after welding complete
Communicate Design Changes in BIM
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Pour section with core wall
BIM Enabled Design Change Approvals
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Risk: Civil/Structural Design Coordination
BIM Use: Overlay of Revit Structure & Civil 3D
Countermeasure: Define Rebar Design in BIM
Pull 2D Detail from BIM for OSHPD Drawing
Integrate x,y,z Total Station Layout from BIM
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Success Metric: Early Schedule SavingsConcrete Foundations31 DaysOf Critical Path Schedule Recovered over 10 Months
33% Time Savings Per Submittal Review
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A Tale of Two Projects: IPD Lessons LearnedCastro Valley Delivered6 WeeksAhead of ScheduleMaintainedTarget Cost
Alta Bates Delivered6 MonthsBehind Schedule20 Million Over Target Cost
BIM?
IPD?LEAN?
The Castro Valley Difference: CultureTeam members chorus: Dont try this with strangers. Expect lengthy contract negotiations and endless meetings. Get ready to open your books. Be patient. Prepare for culture change and new work flows. Be vigilant about communicating.The actual effort required was underestimated on both the design and construction sides, says James Mobley, a Devenney principal. We had to make adjustments some were painful, he adds. Still, he refers to the project as a phenomenal adventure.
The Tipping Point of BIM Value Starts with.
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Design Model vs Construction Model
Composite OverlayDesign ModelFabrication Model
Reactive Quality Control of Design Hanoff
Exposed Areas of Poor Communication
TOOLShifting the industry paradigm PEOPLEPROCESSBIM is just a Tool1This Tool is only as good as the People using It2The People can only be aseffective as the Process allows them to be3
The Role of BIM in Design & Construction
TRAINER NOTE:We are shifting our mindset away from the notion that everyone needs to know everything about BIM. Instead, we should be thinking about BIM as a Construction Tool that needs to be used by the right people at the right time to input construction knowledge into the model. And we need to make sure that our BIM processes are aligned with our current roles, so that it doesnt create additional work.
ADDITIONAL INFO:Bullet point 3 can seem controversial at first. What were trying to say is that a poorly planned process (or no process at all) can limit a persons ability to perform regardless of experience, talent, knowledge, etc.Example: Navisworks is a particular BIM tool. If I were an expert at using Navisworks, but had no idea how to apply that to coordinating building systems my skills would be useless. The process can be make or break.60
Christian, D., Bredbury, J., Emdanat, S., Haase, F., Kunz, A., Rubel, Z. and Ballard, G. (2014). Four-phase project delivery and the pathway to perfection. In: Proc. 22nd Ann. Conf. of the Intl Group for Lean Construction, IGLC-22, Oslo, Norway, June 25- 27. Available at
Trust in BIM Starts with Lean Handoffs
3D Model2D Drawings
Designer
Detailer
DesignFabrication
Contractor
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Challenge: BIM Handoffs in the Real World
Animation describes the current process from a designer revit model to flattened 2D drawings for steel fabrication.62
Does this..
Equal this?
Design ModelFabrication Model63
Risk: Loss of Reliable BIM for Coordination
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Risk: BIM Coordination Sequence & LOD
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3D Model2D Drawings
Designer
DetailerDesignerDetailer
Beware.65
Risk: New Process, Old Contract?
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Virtually everyone in the construction supply chain works on contracts where the incentive is to maximize their gain at the expense of others
Macomber, John D. 2003 ASCE Report: Follow the Money: What Really Drives Technology Innovation In Construction
Root Cause Analysis: Contract Incentives
Result: Insufficient Funding for Technology3.3%Cross-Industry Average3.3xInvestment Gap
Are we ripe for disruption?Its more likelythat new firms with new business models and new areas of focus will leverage the financial and technological innovations that will change the nature of competition -Clayton Christensen, 1997
The Future of BIM Adoption in USAIPD Contract Relationship -Design-Build Contract Structure -
?=?
BIM-CentricData-Centric2012201669
The Language of BIM has Evolved
Data Centric
Integration Brings Efficiency & Reliability
Drawing CentricTaskCentricBIMCentricTime CentricMedia Centric
Integrated BIM Requires Integrated Data
Where is Brazil along the BIM Hype Journey?
Integrated BIM is Our Most Valuable Tool
Key Factors Impacting Poor Cost & Schedule [McKinsey]Poor OrganizationMissed ConnectionsInadequate CommunicationPoor Short Term PlanningFlawed Performance ManagementInsufficient Risk ManagementContractual MisunderstandingsLimited Talent Management
Lack of Technology isnt the Root Cause
It Starts with the Right People in the Right Place
Efficient Data CaptureReliable Data Analytics
Solving the BIM + Lean Dilemma
ProfileLocationSheet A232BCreation DateStatus Data
AssessAlignAdvance
Adoption of BIM Requires Early Input
Profitable BIM Requires a Balance Between
BIM & Data StandardsAligned Purpose & BehaviorsLean Process Innovation
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Good Luck on Your Lean + BIM Journey!Questions? Comments?
@nathancwood
@SpectrumAEC
Nathan C. [email protected]
www.SpectrumAEC.com1 (877) 399-3468
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