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República Bolivariana de VenezuelaMinisterio del Poder Popular para la Educación Universitaria
Universidad YacambúIdioma Básico Intensivo
Kellin EspinozaV- 10.118.373
Sección: ED06D0V 2016-1
Marzo, 2016
Present simple and continuous, past simple and
continuous, future simple and continuous
PRESENT SIMPLEThe present simple is verbal tense a that is used generally
to talk about prep facts or truths that constitute habits, schedules or programs, habits and routines of everyday
life.EXAMPLES
Afirmative sentences I speak English and French. - (Yo hablo inglés y francés)
She speaks English and french. - (Ella habla inglés y francés)
Negative sentences I don't (do not) smoke. - (Yo no fumo)
He doesn't (does not) smoke. - (Él no fuma)
Interrogative sentences Do you speak Spanish? - (¿Tú hablas español?)
Does she speak Spanish? - (¿Ella habla español?)
USES The present simple is used to talk about things that
usually happen. Unlike the Spanish, the simple present is not used to talk about something that is happening at the moment in which we speak. Generally , we use it with adverbs of time as always, every day, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, hardly ever, never.
It is used to speak in generalities or scientific facts. Used for events scheduled in the near future. Used to indicate instructions (imperative).
PRESENT SIMPLE
PRESENT CONTINOUSThe present continuous or progressive present is a
verbal tense used to express verbal actions happen at the same That time you are talking.
USES The present continuous is used to talk about
something that is happening at the moment we speak. We also use it to talk about something that is
happening today but not necessarily when we speak. In this case , time expressions as "currently", "lately" or "these days" are used.
We use the present continuous to talk about something that is already decided to be made in the near future. Its use indicates that it is fairly certain that will happen as planned.
EXAMPLESAffirmative Sentences You are reading a book. (Estás leyendo un libro) He is studying the lesson. (Él está estudiando la lección)
Negative Sentences I’m not playing soccer. (Yo no estoy jugando soccer) Maria is not eating cookies. (Maria no está comiendo
galletas)
Interrogative Sentences Are you dancing in the street? (¿Tú estás bailando en la
calle?) Is he walking in the park? (¿Él está caminando en el
parque?)
PRESENT CONTINOUS
PAST SIMPLE
EXAMPLESAffirmative Sentences He bought a car. (Él compró un auto). The teacher used a red pencil to correct the exams. (La profesora
usó un lápiz rojo para corregir los exámenes)
Negative Sentences I didn't go to Margarita last month. (Yo no fui a Margarita el mes
pasado.) John did not do his homework yesterday. (John no hizo mis
deberes ayer.)
Interrogative Sentences Did you see the thief's face? (¿Tú viste la cara del ladrón?) Did Sheril visit their grandparents last week? (¿Sheril visitó a sus
abuelos la semana pasada?)
The past simple in English is equivalent to imperfect preterite and indefinite preterite of the Spanish. We use the past simple to complete actions in the past. The time period of these actions is not important as
in Spanish . In the past simple there are regular verbs and irregular verbs.
The past simple is used to talk about a concrete action that began and ended in the past. In this case equivalent to the Spanish indefinite preterite. Generally , we use it with adverbs of time as "last year", " yesterday”, "last night“.
The past simple is used for a series of actions in the past.
We also use it for repeated or habitual actions in the past, as used the Spanish imperfect preterite.
We use stories or actions for long periods of time in the past, as the Spanish imperfect preterite.
Used to speak in generalities or past events.
PAST SIMPLEUSES
PAST CONTINUOUS
EXAMPLESAffirmative Sentences Marcos was studying English yesterday. (Él estaba estudiando
inglés ayer.) You was cooking chicken BBQ (Tú estabas cocinando pollo a la
barbacoa)
Negative Sentences I was not reading a book law (No estaba leyendo un libro de
derecho) She wasn’t making dinner (Ella no estaba haciendo la cena)
Interrogative Sentences Were you reading the homework? (¿Estabas leyendo la tarea?) Was he talking by cellphone with her sister? (¿Él estaba hablando
por teléfono celular con su hermana?)
Past continuous is a verbal time describing the actions that took place at a time in the
past at referred and then continued.
USES The past continuous is used it for a long action
in the past was interrupted . The interrupted action is in continuous past and the action that causes disruption is in the past simple. "When" and "while " indicate the use of simple and continuous past . In overall , we use the past simple Directly after " when" and continuous past after "while“.
The past continuous is used to talk about actions at a specific time in the past.
Used the past continuous for two actions were happening at the same time in the past.
PAST CONTINUOUS
The Simple Future is a verbal time used to describe actions that will develop in the future without the ne
FUTURE SIMPLE
EXAMPLESAffirmative sentences I will study the lesson. (Yo estudiaré la lección). She is going to arrive late. (Va a llegar tarde).
Negative sentences He will not travel to London. (Él no viajará a Londres). I am not going to call you tonight. (No voy a llamarte esta
noche).
Interrogative sentences Will she arrive late? (¿Ella llegará tarde?). Will you visit your mother tomorrow? (¿Tú visitarás a tu
madre mañana?).
need to clarify at what point will occur. Its equivalent in the Spanish language is Future Imperfect.
USESThe forms "will" and "going to" are used to express the future. The difference between "going to" and "will" is the sense of planning and probability of occurrence an action. In general , "going to" it is used for concrete plans, when we are sure that something will happen .
“Will" is used with voluntary actions. “Will" is used to express a promise. “Going to" is used for plans . It indicated intends to
do something. You can use "will" or "going to" for predictions
because the speaker has no control over the future.
FUTURE SIMPLE
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
EXAMPLESAffirmative sentences
I will be studying la lección. (Yo estaré estudiando la lección).
She will be working at the office this afternoon. (Ella estará trabajando en la oficina esta tarde).
Negative sentences They will not be travelling to London. (Ellos no estarán
viajando a Londres). Luisa will not be cooking this afternoon. (Luisa no estará
cocinando esta tarde).Interrogative sentences
Will you be working? (¿Estarás trabajando?). Will Susan be cooking tonight? (¿Estará Susan cocinando
esta noche?).
Future Continuous is a verbal time is used to describe an action that will occur in the
future, which may or may not be specified, and will continue to develop at that time.
USES The future continuous we use it for a long
action will happen in the future and will be interrupted . The interrupted action is in continuous future and the action that causes the interruption is in the present simple.
Future continuous is used to talk about actions at a specific time in the future .
FUTURE CONTINUOUS