Nachos Projects Overview and Project 1

TA : 吳哲榮2010/10/21

Outline

What’s Nachos? Why do we use Nachos? Nachos Project Overview Nachos installation Nachos Assignment 1 Reference

What’s Nachos?

Nachos Not Another Completely Heuristic Operating System

Developed by Tom Anderson and his students at UC, Berkeley. http://www.cs.washington.edu/homes/tom/nachos/

What’s Nachos?

Nachos is an instrumental software that allows students to study and modify a “real” operating system.

The only difference between Nachos and a real operating system is that Nachos runs a Unix process, whereas a real operating system runs on a real machine.

What’s Nachos?

Nachos simulates a MIPS machine (MIPS R2/3000) on the host system (Unix, Linux, etc.)

Conceptually, Nachos has two modes of execution, namely, MIPS simulator and Nachos “kernel”

Reference : http://course.cs.ust.hk/comp252/web07fall/Lab1/Nachos%20architecture/nachos.ps

Why do we use Nachos?

For understanding operating system concepts, nothing is better than building an operating system.

Nachos is simpler than UNIX. Simulator makes debugging easier.

Deterministic

Nachos Project Overview

The project for this course is to build an operating system for scratch. The project contains four phases, corresponding to each of the major pieces of a modern OS. Multiprogramming Thread management File Systems and Virtual Memory Networking

Nachos Installation

Platforms you may use Unix, Linux, Linux over VMware, or Cygwin.

Environment Checking g++ version

g++ -v Both g++ 3.3.3 or g++ 3.2.2 are ok. If your current gcc version is 4.x.x version, you

should install the gcc 3.4.6 version. The gcc 3.4.6 version is the watershed.

Nachos Installation

Download the gcc source code.http://ftp.twaren.net/Unix/GNU/gnu/gcc/

The following command is the installing flow. # wget http://ftp.twaren.net/Unix/GNU/gnu/gcc/gcc-3.3.3/ gcc-3.3.3.tar.gz# tar zxvf gcc-3.3.3.tar.gz# mkdir gcc-build# cd gcc-build/# ../gcc-3.3.3/configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-3.3.3 --enable-threads=posix --disable-checking --enable--long-long --host=i386-redhat-linux --with-system-zlib --enable-languages=c,c++,java# make# make install# export PATH=/usr/local/gcc-3.3.3/bin/:$PATHAdd the new gcc path to the current command searching path.# export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/gcc-3.3.3/lib/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATHAdd the related library to the current library searching path.

Nachos Installation

Get Nachos-4.0 http://cc.ee.ntu.edu.tw/~farn/courses/OS2010/nachos/nachos-4.0

.tar.gz

Get Cross Compiler http://cc.ee.ntu.edu.tw/~farn/courses/OS2010/nachos/mips-

decstation.linux-xgcc.tgz

Move Cross Compiler to / mv ./mips-decstation.linux-xgcc.tgz /

Untar Cross Compiler cd / tar zxvf mips-decstation.linux-xgcc.tgz

Nachos Installation

Untar Nachos tar zxvf nachos-4.0.tar.gz

Make Nachos-4.0 cd ./nachos-4.0/code make

Test cd ./userprog ./nachos –e ../test/test1 ./nachos –e ../test/test2

Nachos Installation

You should see the result of test1

Nachos Installation

You should see the result of test2

Some Important Things

Nachos arguments Help

./nachos –h Debugging Mode

./nachos –s Execute files

./nachos –e [file_name]

Recompilation of modified nachos code cd nachos-4.0/code make clean (optional) make

Nachos Assignment 1

Abstract The assignment is to support multiprogramming. We give

some of the code you need, and you have to complete the system.

Try execute two programs at the same time on Nachos

cd ./userprog ./nachos –e ../test/test1 –e ../test/test2 you should see the following result.

Result of simultaneously execution Total threads number is 2 Thread ../test/test1 is executing. Thread ../test/test2 is executing. Print integer:9 Print integer:8 Print integer:7 Print integer:20 Print integer:21 Print integer:22 Print integer:23 Print integer:24 Print integer:6 Print integer:7 Print integer:8 Print integer:9 Print integer:10 Print integer:12 Print integer:13 Print integer:14 Print integer:15 Print integer:16 Print integer:16 Print integer:17

Result of simultaneously execution Print integer:18 Print integer:19 Print integer:20 Print integer:17 Print integer:18 Print integer:19 Print integer:20 Print integer:21 Print integer:21 Print integer:23 Print integer:24 Print integer:25 return value:0 Print integer:26 return value:0 No threads ready or runnable, and no pending interrupts. Assuming the program completed. Machine halting! Ticks: total 800, idle 67, system 120, user 613 Disk I/O: reads 0, writes 0 Console I/O: reads 0, writes 0 Paging: faults 0 Network I/O: packets received 0, sent 0

Why the output result of executing two program simultaneously differsfrom the result of executing two programs separately?

Why should you do?

Trace Nachos Read *.h and *.cc to understand the whole system

and see how it is implemented. You might use some documentations to help

yourself understand the system. A Road Map Through Nachos

http://cc.ee.ntu.edu.tw/~farn/courses/OS2010/ref/Nachos%20Road%20Map.pdf

Trace for NachoOS-4.0 with GLOBAL http://cc.ee.ntu.edu.tw/~farn/courses/OS2010/nachos/HTML/index.html

Hints

To know why the result is wrong, you may trace the following files. nachos-4.0/code/userprog/addrspace.h nachos-4.0/code/userprog/addrspace.cc nachos-4.0/code/userprog/userkernel.cc nachos-4.0/code/machine/translate.h nachos-4.0/code/machine/translate.cc

Hints

You have to modify the Nachos code to achieve the correct result.

You may try to modify the following functions nachos-4.0/code/userprog/addrspace.cc

constructor destructor initRegister Load

Assignment Requirements

2 person per team Assignment Report (11/18 on the class)

Prepare a presentation about the following topics: Why the result is not congruent with expected How you modified Nachos to make it support

multiprogramming – important code segments Everything you consider important

Hand in your reports.

Please compress the following in a .zip. modified source code(s) with path presentation power-point final report

E-mail your .zip (project1_b99901000_b99901001.zip) to TA.

Deadline: 2010/11/18 23:59

Grading Policy

Progress Report 20% Correct Result 30% Report 50%

Reference

Author’s Web Page http://www.cs.washington.edu/homes/tom/nachos/

Thomas Narten's Nachos Roadmap http://www.cs.duke.edu/~narten/110/nachos/main/main.html