nahjul balaaghah about allegiance for ali’s khilaafah

Nahjul Balaaghahabout Allegiance for Ali’s Khilaafah

By A.S. Hashim. MD

Supplication

الرحيم الرحمن الله بـســـم

In the Name of God,

Lord of Mercy and

Lord of Grace

Nahjul Balaaghah

Nahjul Balaaghah, a highly valued book, consists of:– 254 sermons, – 48 letters, and – 212 sayings of Imam Ali

Nahjul Balaaghah is unique to Imam Ali

None of the Sahaaba was ever able to produce anything like it:

neither in substance

nor in literary eloquence.

No wonder Ali was referred to as:1. Sayyid al-Bulaghaa' (Pinnacle of Literary Expression) and

2. Sayyid al-Fu'qahaa, (Pinnacle of the Jurisprudents)

References about Ali’s Khilaafah

Nahjul Balaaghah contains 11 references about Ali’s Khilaafah

The quotes appear in various sermons, – said at variable occasions and – about different subjects.

The Arabic quotes are from the book of Nahjul Balaaghah, by Dr. Subhi Al-Salih, and so is the numbering of the sermons and pages, 1st Edition, Beirut 1967. The Number of the sermons may differ by a factor of 1 in other volumes of Nahjul BalaaghahThe references are quotes by Abd al-Zahra' al-Husayni in vols. I & IV of his work (see Al-Islam.org, internet)

Time Element

The majority of Ali's sayings and speeches were stated:– During his Khilaafah when in Kufa, – At Different Places– At Different Occasions– Often at Khutba of Jumu’ah

In Sermon 3, Ali: sermon of Shiqshiqiyah, Part 1

See next slide please– Other sources:

1. Al-Mufid, al-Jamal, 62; 2. Ibn Qubbah, al-'Insaf, see Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharh, I, 69, 3. al-Saduq, Maàni, 344; 4. al-Hasan ibn Àbd Allah al-Àskari, from him al-Saduq in Maàni; 5. Ibn Àbd Rabbih, al-Ìqd, IV, see Àbd al-Zahra', I, 311-312 and al-Majlisi,

Bihar, vol.8, 160; 6. al-Ka`bi (d.319/931) - see Ibn Abi al-Hadid, Sharh, I, 69; 7. Ibn al-Jawzi, al-Manaqib, see Bihar, vol.8, 160; 8. al-Mufid, al-'Irshad, 135; 9. al-Saduq, Ìlal, bab al-ìllat allati min ajliha taraka Amir al-Mu'minin (A)

mujahadat ahl al-khilaf; 10. al-Tusi, al-'Amali, I, 392; 11. Qutb al-Din Rawandi, Sharh, from Ibn Mardawayh and al-Tabarani; 12. Sibt ibn al-Jawzi, Tadhkirah, 133; al-Harrani, Tuhaf, 313;

In Sermon 3, Ali Part 2 continued


13. al-Saduq, Ìlal, bab al-ìllat allati min ajliha taraka Amir al-Mu'minin (A) mujahadat ahl al-khilaf;

14. Abu Saìd al-'Abi, Nathr al-durar and Nuzhat al-'adib, see Àbd al-Zahra', I, 313;

15. al-Murtada, al-Shafi, 203, 204; 16. al-Haffar, al-'Insaf from him al-Tusi in al-'Amali; 17. al-Tusi, al-'Amali, I, 392; 18. Qutb al-Din Rawandi, Sharh, from Ibn Mardawayh and al-

Tabarani; 19. Sibt ibn al-Jawzi, Tadhkirah, 133;20. al-Harrani, Tuhaf, 313;21. al-Murtada, Sharh al-Khutbat al-Shiqshiqiyyah, see A`yan al-

Shiàh, vol. 41, p. 195; 22. al-Tabarsi, al-'Ihtijaj; I, 95; for a detailed discussion of sources, see

Àbd al-Zahra', I, 309-324.

Sermon of Shiqshiqiyah

Sermon of al Shiqshiqiyah is counted among the most famous sermons of Ali. It was delivered at al-Ruhba. – And the events alluded to in this sermon are

preserved in the annals of history which testifies them word by word and sentence by sentence.

– If the memory of discouraging circumstances faced by Ali soon after the death of the Prophet appeared unpalatable to him it should not be surprising.

– No doubt this sermon hits at the prestige of some personalities and gives a setback to the faith and belief in them, yet its annals are recorded in history.

In Sermon 3, page 49

Ali: sermon of Shiqshiqiyah, Part 1

By Allah he had dressed himself with it (the Khilaafah) and he certainly knows that to it my station is as central as the axis to the hand-mill. My rank is such that it is too high for a bird to reach or water to drown.

I blockaded the Khilaafah from my mind and detached it from myself. Then began to think whether to assault without any help versus to endure such a blinding wretchedness. The situation is such that it enfeebles a man and ages the young, and even the believer is harshly strained till he meets his Lord.

I concluded that endurance thereon was wiser. So I adopted patience despite the affront and a chocked up feeling. I watched my inheritance plundered:

Till the first one passed away but had handed it over (the Khilaafah) to the 2nd one after him.

، ف�الن� �ق�م�ص�ها ت �ق�د� ل و�الله م�ا� أ

م�ح�ل م$نه�ا م�ح�ل&ي� ن�� أ �م� �ع�ل �ي ل �ه� $ن و�إ

ع�ن&ي �ح�د$ر� �ن ي ا، ح� الر� م$ن� الق�ط�ب$ ، �ر� الط�ي �ي� $ل إ ق�ى �ر� ي و�ال ، �ل� ي الس��ت� و�ط�و�ي ،5 �و�با ث �ه�ا د�ون د�ل�ت� ف�س�

�ن� �ي ب $ي �ئ ت ر�� أ و�ط�ف$ق�ت� ،5 حا �ش� ك �ه�ا ع�ن

ع�ل�ى $ر� ص�ب� أ و�� أ ج�ذ�اء�، �د $ي ب ص�ول�

� أ �ن� أ ، �بير� الك فيه�ا م� �ه�ر� ي �اء�، ع�م�ي �ة ي ط�خ�

ف$يه�ا �د�ح� �ك و�ي ، الص�غ$ير� ف$يه�ا �ش$يب� و�ي. �ه� ب ر� �ق�ى �ل ي �ى ت ح� م�ؤ�م$ن�

�ا ه�ات ع�ل�ى �ر� الص�ب ن�� أ �ت� ي

� أ ف�ر��ن$ �ع�ي ال و�في �رت� ف�ص�ب ح�ج�ى،

� أ ،5 جا ش� الح�ل�ق$ و�في أرى ق�ذى5،

،5 �ه�با ن اثي �ر� ت

$ه$، $يل ب ل$س� ��و�ل� اال م�ض�ى �ى ح�ت$ه�ا ب د�ل�ى

� . ف�أ �ع�د�ه� ب فالن $ل�ى إ

In Sermon 3, page 49 Ali: sermon of Shiqshiqiyah, Part 2

Strange it is that while alive he wished to be released from it (Khilaafah) yet he confirmed it for the other one after he was gone. Lo! How they shared its udders between them.

The other put it (Khilaafah) in an abrasive enclosure, where utterance was hard and the touch was rough. Mistakes were in plenty and their excuses were abundant.

He is therefore, like a rider of an unruly camel, if he pulls its rein its nostril would be slit, but if he let it loose he would be thrown off its back. As a result, (by Allah), people became involved in recklessness, waywardness, variations and objections.

Nevertheless, I remained steadfast despite the lengthy period and the harshness of the trial, till he passed away, just to put it (Khilaafah) in a group and assumed I was equal to them.

!! �ها �ق$يل ت �س� ي ه�و� �ا �ن �ي ب 5 با ع�ج� �ا ف�ي�ع�د� ب الخ�ر� ع�ق�د�ه�ا $ذ� إ $ه$ �ات ي ح� في

ا ط�ر� �ش� ت م�ا د� ل�ش� ـ $ه$ و�ف�اتـ ! �ه�ا ع�ي ض�ر�

�اء�، ن خ�ش� ة ح�و�ز� في ه�ا �ر� ف�ص�يه�ا، م�س ن� �خ�ش� و�ي �م�ه�ا، �ل ك �غ�ل�ظ� ي ] �ذ�ار� ] �ع�ت و�اال ف$يه�ا �ار� الع$ث �ر� �ث �ك و�ي

�ه�ا، م$ن�ة$، الص�ع�ب اك$ب$ �ر� ك �ه�ا ب ف�ص�اح$

$ن� و�إ ، م� خ�ر� �ه�ا ل �ق� ن ش�� أ $ن� إ

$ي� ف�م�ن ، �ق�ح�م� ت �ه�ا ل ل�س� س�� أ

$خ�ب�ط ب ـ الله$ �ع�م�ر� ل ـ �اس� الن$ر�اض و�اع�ت �و ن �ل و�ت م�اس، .و�ش$

�م�د�ة$، ال ط�ول$ ع�ل�ى ت� �ر� ف�ص�ب$ذا إ �ى ت ح� �ة$، ن $�مح� ال د�ة$ و�ش$

في �ه�ا ع�ل ج� $ه$ $يل ب $س� ل م�ض�ى . ح�د�ه�م�

� أ �ي �ن أ ع�م� ز� ج�م�اع�ة


Good Heavens! What is to do with this Shura? When was there a doubt about me compared to the first one, let alone being considered akin to these ones?

But I decided to remain low when they were low and fly high when they flew high. As such, one of them turned against me because of his rancor, the other inclined the other way due to his in-law relation, and this thing and that,

Till the third of these stood up heaving his breasts between his dung and fodder.

And with him stood up the children of his clan, (Benu Umayya), devouring Allah's wealth as a camel devours the foliage of spring. Till his rope broke down, and his actions finished him off and the gluttony forced him down prostrate.

! م�ت�ى ى ور� $لش و�ل �الله$ ف�ي��و�ل$ اال م�ع� ف$ي� �ب� ي الر� �ر�ض� اع�ت$ل�ى إ ن� ق�ر�

� أ ت� ص$ر� �ى ح�ت ، �ه�م� م$ن ! $ر$ �ظ�ائ الن هذ$ه$

ف وا، س�� أ $ذ� إ �سف�ف�ت� أ &ي لك$ن

وا، ط�ار� $ذ� إ ت� و�ط$ر�$ه، ل$ض$غ�ن �ه�م� م$ن ج�ل� ر� ف�ص�غ�ا

ه�ن م�ع� ل$ص$ه�ره$، �خ�ر� اال و�م�ال�.و�ه�ن

،$ الق�و�م �ال$ث� ث ق�ام� ن�� أ $ل�ى إ

$يله$ �ث ن �ن� �ي ب �ه$ �ي ح$ض�ن 5 ا �اف$ج� ن�ف$ه$، �ل و�م�ع�ت

�خ�ض�م�ون� ي $يه$ ب� أ �و �ن ب م�ع�ه� و�ق�ام�

�ة� �ت $ب ن $ل �ب $ اال خ�ض�م� الله$ م�ال��ه$ �ي ع�ل �ث� �ك �ت ان ن$

� أ $ل�ى إ ، $يع$ ب الر��ه�، ع�م�ل �ه$ �ي ع�ل ج�ه�ز�

� و�أ �ه�، �ل ف�ت�ه� �ت $ط�ن ب $ه$ ب �ت� �ب و�ك


None took me by surprise as much as the rushing crowd towards me, eagerly advancing from every side like leopards

So much so that al-Hasan and al-Husain were being crushed and both sides of my shoulder garment were torn. They collected around me like the herd of sheep.

But when I took charge of government: One party broke away, Another turned disobedient, While the third acted wrongfully, as if they had not heard Allah saying: “That abode in the hereafter, We assign it for those who intend not to exult themselves in the earth, nor (to make) mischief (therein); and the end is (best) for the pious ones.”

Yes, by Allah! they had heard it and understood it but the world glittered in their eyes and its embellishments seduced them.

إلي� �اس� و�الن � إال $ي اع�ن ر� ف�م�ا�ي� ع�ل �ون� �ال �ث �ن ي ، �ع$ الض�ب ف$ �ع�ر� ك

$ب، ان ج� �ل& ك م$ن� ، �ان$ ن الح�س� و�ط$ىء� �ق�د� ل �ى ت ح�

�م$ع$ين� ت م�ج� ع$ط�ف�اي�، ق� و�ش� $ �م الغ�ن $يض�ة$ ب �ر� ك .ح�و�لي

�ت� �ث �ك ن ��م�ر$ $اال ب �ه�ض�ت� ن �م�ا ف�لى، خ�ر�

� أ ق�ت� و�م�ر� $ف�ة�، ط�ائ�م� ل �ه�م� ن

� �أ ك ون� آخ�ر� وقسط : �ق�ول� ي �ه� ان �ح� ب س� الله� م�ع�وا �س� ي

ة�( االخ$ر� الد�ار� $ل�ك� ت 5 �وhا ع�ل �ريد�ون� ي � ال �ذ$ين� $لل �ه�ا �ج�ع�ل ن

5 ادا ف�س� � و�ال �ر�ض$ اال في( ، �ق$ين� �م�ت $ل ل �ة� و�الع�اق$ب

م$ع�وه�ا! س� �ق�د� ل و�الله$ �ل�ى ب�ا �ي الد ن �ت� $ي ل ح� �ه�م� $ن و�لك و�و�ع�و�ه�ا،

ه�ا �ر$ج� ز$ب اق�ه�م� و�ر� ، $هم� �ن ع�ي� أ !في


Ali: sermon of Shiqshiqiyah, Part 5

Behold, by Him who made the grain to grow and the living created, if people had not come to me

and supporters had not exhausted all avenues, and if there weren’t the pledge of Allah with the learned to not acquiesce to the gluttony of the oppressor or the hunger of the oppressed,

I would have cast the rope of Khilaafah on its own shoulders, and would have treated the last one the same as the first.

And you would have discovered, that in my view, your world is no better than the sneeze of a goat.

�ة�، ب �ح� ال ف�ل�ق� �ذ$ي و�ال م�ا� أ

� �و�ال ل م�ة�، �س� الن� أ �ر� و�ب

�ح�اض$ر$ ال ح�ض�ور�$و�ج�ود$ ب �ح�ج�ة$ ال �ام� و�ق$يالله� خ�ذ�

� أ و�م�ا �اص$ر$، النوا �ق�ار ي � ال

� أ �م�اء$ الع�ل ع�ل�ىو�ال ظ�ال$م، ك$ظ�ة$ ع�ل�ى

م�ظ�ل�وم، غ�ب$ س�ع�ل�ى �ه�ا �ل ب ح� �ت� ��لق�ي ال

ه�ا آخ$ر� �ت� ق�ي و�ل�س� $ه�ا، غ�ار$ب$ها، و�ل

� أ س$� �أ $ك ب

هذ$ه$ �م� �اك �ي د�ن �م� �ت ��لف�ي و�الع�ف�ط�ة$ م$ن� �د$ي ن ع$ ه�د� ز�

� أ�ز !ع�ن


When allegiance was sworn to Ali at Medina

Al-Sharif Al-Radhi says: In this speech there is more beauty than can be appreciated, and the quantity of amazement aroused by it is more than the appreciation accorded to it. It has aspects of eloquence that cannot be expressed nor can anyone reach its depth, and no one can understand unless one has attained this art and known its depth. See next slide please

– Other sources:1. Al-Jahiz, al-Bayan, I, 170; 2. Ibn al-'Athir, al-Nihayah, I, 132;3. al-Mufid, al-'Irshad, 139;4. Ibn Qutaybah, Ùyun, II, 236;5. Ibn Àbd Rabbih, al-Ìqd, II, 162;6. al-Àskari, al-'Awa'il, 102;7. al-Kulayni, Usul al-Kafi, I, 369 and Rawdat al-Kafi, 67;8. al-Tusi, al'Amali, * 147.

In Sermon 16, page,

When allegiance was sworn to Ali at Medina

Lo! For sure the tribulations had returned to be similar to when the Prophet was first sent.

By Allah! Who sent the Prophet with the Truth, you will be severely muddled and bitterly shaken as in a sieve, and fully mixed as by spooning in a cooking pot

Until the lowly is eyed as lordly, and the respectable is eyed as lowly, and the achievers regarded valueless, while the backward considered as astute.

By Allah, I have not concealed a word or spoken a lie: I had been informed of both this event and of this time.

ع�اد�ت� ق�د� �م� �ك �ت $ي �ل ب $ن� و�إ � ال� أ

�ه� $ي �ب ن الله� �ع�ث� ب �و�م� ي $ه�ا �ت �ئ �ه�ي صلى( ك

( وآله عليه ، الله�ن� �ل �ب �ل �ب �ت ل $الح�ق& ب �ه� �ع�ث ب �ذ$ي و�ال

�ة5، �ل ب غ�ر� �ل�ن� ب �غ�ر� �ت و�ل �ة5، �ل �ب �ل بو�ط� س� اط�ن� �س� �ت الق$د�ر$، و�ل

، �م� �ك ع�ال� أ �م� �ك ف�ل س�

� أ �ع�ود� ي �ى ت ح�$ق�ن� ب �س� �ي و�ل ، �م� �ك ف�ل س�

� أ �م� �ك ع�ال� و�أ

وا، ق�ص�ر� �وا �ان ك $ق�ون� اب س��وا �ان ك �اق�ون� ب س� ن� �ق�ص&ر� �ي و�ل

�ق�وا. ب س�و�ال م�ة5، و�ش� �م�ت� �ت ك م�ا و�الله$

�ة5، $ذ�ب ك �ت� �ذ�ب كو�هذ�ا $ الم�قام $هذا ب �ت� &ئ �ب ن �ق�د� و�ل

$ �و�م الي

In Sermon 26, Page 68 Ali about the enticement between Mu'awiya and Amr ibn al-Aas

Ali delivered a sermon before setting off for Nahrawan. In its first part Ali described the condition of Arabia before the Mission of Prophethood; in the second part he referred to circumstances that forced him to keep quiet, and in the third he described the enticement between Mu'awiya and Amr ibn al-Aas. See next slide please

1. Other sources:1. Ibn Qutaybah, al-'Imamah, I, 154; 2. al-Thaqafi, al-Gharat, I, 303, II, 633;3. al-Tabari, al-Mustarshid, 95;4. Ibn Tawus, Kashf, 173;

5. al-Kulayni, al-Rasa'il, mentioned by Ibn Tawus, op. cit.

In Sermon 26,

Ali about the enticement between Mu'awiya and ibn al-Aas

I viewed the situation and found that my family is my only support, so I refrained from thrusting them unto death.

I closed my eyes despite the pain, and so bad it was that when I try to drink I chock.

I exercised patience with tight feeling in the chest or having to swallow bitter food.

Part of the same sermon on the settlement between Mu'awiya and Amr ibn al-Aas:

He (ibn al-Aas) did not swear allegiance (to Mu'awiya) till he got Mu'awiya to agree paying him its price.

Not only the purchaser of this allegiance failed to achieve, but also the contract of the seller faces disgrace.

So be prepared for war and mobilize for it. For the flame of war has gone high and its brightness has spread.

Clothe yourself with patience for it is a good way to victory

ل$ي �س� �ي ل $ذ�ا ف�إ ت� �ظ�ر� ف�ن�ت� $ن ف�ض�ن $ي، �ت �ي ب ه�ل�

� أ � $ال إ م�ع$ين��ت� غ�ض�ي

� و�أ ، الم�و�ت$ ع�ن$ $هم� بع�ل�ى �ت� ر$ب و�ش� الق�ذ�ى، ع�ل�ىذ$ �خ� أ ع�ل�ى ت� �ر� و�ص�ب ج�ا، الش�

،$ �ظ�م $ الك ط�ع�م م$ن� م�ر�� أ و�ع�لى�

.$ �ق�م الع�لومنها:

�ن� أ ط� ر� ش� �ى ح�ت �ايع� �ب ي �م� و�ل ،5 �م�نا ث �ع�ة$ �ي الب ع�ل�ى �ه$ $ي �ؤ�ت ي

، $ع$ المباي �د� ي ت� ظ�ف$ر� � ف�ال ، �اع$ �ت الم�ب �ة� م�ان

� أ �ت� وخ�ز$ي�ه�ا، �ت ه�ب

� أ ب$ �ح�ر� $ل ل ف�خ�ذ�واب� ش� ف�ق�د� �ه�ا، ع�د�ت �ه�ا ل و�أع$د وا

�اه�ا، ن س� � و�ع�ال �ظ�اه�ا، ل�ه� $ن ف�إ ، �ر� الص�ب وا ع$ر� �ش� ت و�اس�

. �ص�ر$ $لن ل م� أح�ز�

In Sermon 74, Page 102 When Shura intended for Uthman

When the Consultative Committee (or Shura) decided to swear allegiance to Uthman, Ali said:….

(See next slide please)– Other sources:

1. Al-Tabari, Ta'rikh, chronicles of the year 23;

2. al-'Azhari, Tahdhib, I, 341;

3. al-Harawi, al-Jam`;

4. al-Shaykh Warram, Tanbih;

5. Ibn al-'Athir, al-Nihayah, events of the year 23.

In Sermon 74,, When Shura intended for Uthman

For sure you are aware that I am the most rightful for the Khilaafah than all others.

But by Allah, so long as the affairs of Muslims remain sound

and there is no oppression in it except specifically on me

I shall keep quiet: (thus) seeking reward for it from Allah, and keeping aloof from its allure and temptations for which you compete.

بيعة على عزموا لمhا:عثمان

$ه�ا ب ح�ق � أ �ي �ن أ �م� $م�ت ع�ل �ق�د� ل

�ر$ي، غ�ي م$ن�$م�ن� ل ��س� ال و�و�الله$

م�ور� � أ $م�ت� ل م�اس�

، $م$ين� ل �م�س� ال � $ال إ ج�و�ر� ف$يه$ا �ن� �ك ي �م� و�ل

خ�اص�ة5، ع�ل�ي�$ك� ذل �$ج�ر$ ال 5 $�تم�اسا ال

$ه$، و�ف�ض�ل�م�وه� ت �ناف�س� ت �ما ف$ي 5 ه�دا و�ز�

ه$ �ر$ج$ و�ز$ب ف$ه$ خ�ر� ز� . م$ن�

In Sermon 92, Page136 During swearing allegiance to Ali

When with the murder of Uthman the seat of Khilaafah became vacant, Muslims rushed to Ali to swear allegiance. Ali’s remarkable conduct and adherence to principles have been witnessed by them. Consequently, people rushed to him for swearing allegiance just as a rushing traveler who had lost his way then at last caught sight of his objective, as historian at-Tabari says.


1. Al-Tabari, Ta'rikh,* VI, 3066 (events of the year 35);

2. Ibn al-'Athir, al-Nihayah (events of the year 35);

3. Ibn Miskawayh, Tajarib al-'umam, I, 508.

In Sermon 92,

During swearing allegiance at Ali

Leave me and seek someone else. We are facing a matter with several faces and colors, for which neither hearts can stand, nor intellect can concur.

Like clouds hovering over the sky, the dilemmas are not discernible. Be aware, that if I accede to you I would lead you as I know and see fit, and would not listen to what one may say or blame.

If you leave me then I am like you are. And perhaps I would listen to and obey better to whoever you choose to be in charge of your affairs.

I am better for you as a Counselor than as the pre-eminent Master.

; �ر$ي غ�ي وا �م$س� ت ـ� و�ال د�ع�وني�ه� ل 5 م�را

� أ $ل�ون� �ق�ب ت م�س� �ا $ن فإ ; �ه� ل �ق�وم� ت � ال �و�ان� ل

� و�أ و�ج�وه��ه$ �ي ع�ل �ت� �ب �ث ت � و�ال ، �ق�ل�وب� ال

، �ع�ق�ول� ال ، غ�ام�ت�

� أ ق�د� �ف�اق� اال $ن� و�إت� �ر� �ك �ن ت ق�د� م�ح�ج�ة� ـ� . و�ال

�م� �ك �ت ب ج�� أ إن� &ي �ن أ �م�وا و�اع�ل

�م� و�ل ، �م� ع�ل� أ م�ا �م� $ك ب �ت� $ب ك ر�

�ب$ و�ع�ت $ل$ �ق�ائ ال ق�و�ل$ $ل�ى إ ص�غ$� أ

، $ب$ �ع�ات ال�ا �ن ف�أ $ي �م�ون �ت ك �ر� ت $ن� و�إ

�م�; م�ع�ك س�� أ �ع�ل&ي و�ل �م� ح�د$ك

� �أ ك�م�وه� �ت �ي و�ل ل$من� �م� ط�و�ع�ك

� و�أ ، �م� ك م�ر�

� أ�م� �ك ل �ر� ي خ� ،5 و�ز$يرا �م� �ك ل �ا ن

� و�أ! 5 �م$يرا أ &ي م$ن

In Sermon 136, Page194 Ali about his own intention

Here Ali points to the view of Omar on the allegiance of Abu Bakr on the day of Saqifa when he said: “ . . . the allegiance with Abu Bakr was a fault on the spur of the moment (faltah) but Allah saved us from its evil.” (as-Sahih, al-Bukhari, vol. 8, p. 211; as-Sirah an-Nabawiyyah, Ibn Hisham, vol. 4, pp. 308-309 In this sermon Ali alludes to the sincerity of his intention and support of the oppressed See next slide please

– Other sources:1. Al-Mufid, al-'Irshad, 142; 2. (2) Ibn al-'Athir, III, 467 (f.l.t).

In Sermon 136,,

Ali about his own intention

Your allegiance to me was not a fault on the spur of a moment, nor was my affairs and yours the same.

I seek you for Allah's sake, but you seek me for your own benefit.

O' people! support me with all your hearts.

By Allah, I will take the rights for the oppressed from his oppressor

and will drag the oppressor by his rein to the spring of truthfulness, even though he may begrudge it.

�اي� $ي إ �م� �ك �ع�ت �ي ب �ن� �ك ت �م� ل�ة5، �ت ف�ل

�م� ك م�ر�� و�أ م�ر$ي

� أ �س� �ي و�ل ،5 و�اح$دا

لله$$ �م� ر$يد�ك� أ &ي $ن إ

�ن$ي �ر$يد�ون ت �م� �ت ن� و�أ

. �م� ك �ف�س$ �$ن ال�وني �ع$ين أ �اس�، الن ي ه�ا

� أ ، �م� ك �ف�س$ ن� أ ع�لى

�ص$ف�ن� ��ن ال الله$ �م� و�اي ، �وم� �م�ظ�ل ال

$ه� ام�ت $خ$ز� ب $م� الظ�ال ��ق�ود�ن� و�ال�ح�ق& ال �ه�ل� م�ن ور$د�ه�

� أ �ى ت ح�. 5 �ار$ها ك �ان� ك $ن� و�إ

In Sermon 137, Page194 Ali about Talha and Zubair


1. Ibn Àbd al-Birr, al-'Istiàb, II, 211; 2. Ibn al-'Athir, Usd al-ghabah, II, 61;3. al-Mufid in al-'Irshad, 146, 142, and al-Jamal, 143, from al-

Waqidi;4. Ibn al-'Athir, al-Nihayah, III, 318 (à.w.dh);5. Ibn Qutaybah, al-'Imamah, I, 154;6. al-Thaqafi, al-Gharat, I, 310;7. al-Tabari, al-Mustarshid, 95;8. Ibn Tawus, Kashf, 173;9. Safwah, Jamharah;10. al-Tabari, Ta'rikh, * VI, 3143.

In Sermon 137,

Ali about Talha and Zubair

O’ people, You advanced towards me shouting "allegiance, allegiance" like she-camels having delivered newly born, leaping.

I held back my hand but you pulled it towards you. I drew back my hand but you dragged it.

O' Allah! these two (Talha and Zubair) have disregarded my Rights and did me injustice. They both broke their allegiance to me, and roused people against me. Unfasten Thou O’ Allah their intrigue, and strengthen not their schemes. And let them face the evil in what they aimed and enacted.

I asked them to be steadfast in their allegiance before the fighting, and was patient with them on confrontation. But they belittled the blessings and refused the good offer.

�ي� $ل إ �م� �ت �ل ق�ب� �ع�وذ$ ف�أ ال �ال� $ق�ب إ

�د$ه�ا، و�ال� أ ع�ل�ى �م�ط�اف$يل$ ال

! �ع�ة�: �ي �ب ال �ع�ة� �ي �ب ال �ون� �ق�ول ت�م�وه�ا، �س�ط�ت ف�ب �ف&ي ك �ض�ت� ق�ب. �م�وه�ا �ت ف�ج�اذ�ب �د$ي ي �م� �ك ع�ت �از� و�ن

ق�ط�ع�اني �ه�م�ا إن �ه�م� الل�ا �ب �ل و�أ $ي، �ع�ت �ي ب �ا �ث �ك و�ن �م�اني، و�ظ�ل

; �ي� ع�ل �اس� الن�ح�ك$م� ت � و�ال ع�ق�د�ا، م�ا ل�ل� ف�اح�

ر$ه$م�ا � و�أ م�ا، �ر� ب

� أ م�ا �ه�م�ا ل ،� و�ع�م$ال � م�ال

� أ �ما ف$ي اء�ة� �م�س� ال�ل� ق�ب �ه�م�ا �ت �ب �ث ت اس� �ق�د$ و�ل

م�ام� � أ $هم�ا ب �ت� �ي ن

� �أ ت و�اس� ، �ال$ �ق$ت الد�ا و�ر� &ع�م�ة�، الن ف�غ�م�ط�ا ، �و$ق�اع$ ال

. �ة� �ع�اف$ي ال

In Sermon 229, Page350 About allegiance to Ali for the Khilaafah


1. Al-Mufid, al-'Irshad, 142; 2. al-Mufid, al-Jamal, 128, from (3);3. al-Waqidi, al-Jamal;4. al-Thaqafi, al-Gharat, I, 310;5. Ibn Tawus, Kashf, 173;6. Ibn Qutaybah, al-'Imamah, I, 154;7. al-Tabari, Ta'rikh, V, 28;8. Ibn `Abd Rabbih, al-`Iqd, II, 165;9. al-Kulayni, al-Rasa'il;10. al-Tabari, al-Mustarshid, 95.

In Sermon 229,,

About allegiance to Ali for the Khilaafah

(O’ people) You solicited my hand for allegiance but I held it back, and you stretched it out but I desisted. Then you crowded over me as do the thirsty camels on a watering cistern,

So much so that slippers were torn, and the cloaks fell apart, and the weak got trampled,

and the felicity of people on their allegiance to me was so much that:

a)the young were joyous,

b)the old swept away,

c)the sick rode for it enduringly, and

d)the young girls were without hijab.

�ه�ا، �ف�ف�ت ف�ك �د$ي ي �م� �س�ط�ت و�ب�م� ث �ه�ا، �ض�ت ف�ق�ب �م�وه�ا و�م�د�د�ت$ل$ �ب $ اال �د�اك� ت ع�ل�ي� �م� �ت �ك �د�اك ت

�و�م� ي �اض$ه�ا ي ح$ ع�ل�ى $ �ه$يم الد$ه�ا، و$ر�

، �ع�ل� الن �ق�ط�ع�ت$ ان �ى ت ح�و�و�ط$ىء� د�اء�، الر& ق�ط� و�س�

، الض�ع$يف��اس$ الن ور$ ر� س� م$ن� �غ� �ل و�ب

$ه�ا ب �ه�ج� �ت اب ن$� أ �اي� $ي إ $ه$م� �ع�ت �ي $ب ب

�ه�ا �ي $ل إ و�ه�د�ج� ، الص�غ$ير�، $ير� �ب �ك �ح�و�ه�ا ال ن �ح�ام�ل� و�ت

�ه�ا �ي $ل إ ت� ر� و�ح�س� ، $يل� �ع�ل ال�ك$ع�اب� ال

In Sermon 34, page 79 Ali’s rights versus people’s rights

See next slideOther references:

1. Al-Tabari, Ta'rikh, VI, 51;

2. Ibn Qutaybah, al-'Imamah, I, 150;

3. al-Baladhuri, Ansab, 380;

4. al-Mufid, al-Majalis, 79;

5. Nasr ibn Muzahim, see Ibn Abi al-Hadid, I, 179.

In Sermon 34,

Ali about his rights as Imam

O' people, I have a right over you and you have a right over me.

As for your right over me, it is:a) to counsel you,

b) to fully pay your dues,

c) to instruct you and

d) coach you in manners of behavior.

As for my right over you, it is:a) Fulfilling the obligation of your

allegiance,

b) well-wishing in my presence or in absence,

c) response when I call upon you, and

d) obedience when I order you.

! �م� �ك �ي ع�ل ل$ي $ن� إ �اس� الن ي ه�ا� أ

: uح�ق ع�ل�ي� �م� �ك و�ل ،5 ح�قhا : �ي� ع�ل �م� ح�ق ك م�ا

� ف�أ�و�ف$ير� و�ت ، �م� �ك ل �ص$يح�ة� ف�الن

�م� $ك �ئ �م� ف�ي $يم�ك �ع�ل و�ت ، �م� �ك �ي ع�ل�م� �ك د$يب

� �أ و�ت �وا، �ج�ه�ل ت �ال �ي ك. �م�وا �ع�ل ت �ما �ي ك

: ف�الو�ف�اء� �م� �ك �ي ع�ل ح�ق&ي م�ا� و�أ

في �ص$يح�ة� و�الن �ع�ة$، �ي $الب ب ، �م�غ$يب$ و�ال ه�د$ �م�ش� ال

، �م� د�ع�وك� أ ح$ين� �ة� اب $�ج� و�اال

. �م� ك آم�ر� ح$ين� و�الط�اع�ة�

Be in Allah’s Care

Thank you and May God Bless you.

Dr. A.S. Hashim

nahjul balaaghah about allegiance for ali’s khilaafah

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