Nairobi, Kenya, 26 – 27July 2010

Revue on RF Safety Reference Levels and Measurement protocols

Christian BLANCHARDCEO

Planet Network International

ITU-T Workshop on Delivering Good Quality Telecommunication Service

in a Safe Environment in Africa (Nairobi, Kenya, 26 July – 27 July 2010 )

Revue on RF Safety Reference Levels and Measurement

protocols

Revue on RF Safety Reference Levels and Measurement protocols

CONTEXT

How to maintain the coverage by reducing

the level of exposure to very low level ?

IN FRANCE

Grenelle des antennes

BASE STATION DISMANTLING IN FRANCE (decision taken by the court of law):

Bouygues Telecom : 4 Feb 2009 – Tassin demi-lune

SFR : 16 Feb 2009 – Carpentras

Orange : 5 Mar 2009 – Notre Dame d’Alençon

Samsung (Netherlands) cancel delivery of 140 000

non compliant mobile phones

CONTEXT

ICNIRP International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection

Basic Restrictions

4 W/kg

SAR full body

0,4 W/kg

/10

0,08 W/kg

/5-+

+

-+

+

-+

+-

+

+

Thermal effects

SAR Local 10 g

2 W/kg 4 W/kg

SAR : Specific Absorption Rate

Normative SAR Measurement

Probe

liquid

phantom

positioning device

Voltmeter

robot

tables

Control Software

Base station emulator

7

2 Steps for SAR measurement:• Area scan

4mm from the phantom surface 8mm between each point

• Volume scan above the maximum position

From 175 to 350pts (5 to 10min) Mean value of the DAS value in a

volume of 10 or 1g

– 10g : 21mm cube

– 1g : 10mm cube

Normative SAR Measurement

Frequency en MHz

0102030405060708090

100110120130140

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

travailleur

Gd public

E in V

/m

SAR Measurement is :

complex

long

expensive system

ICNIRP has defined, in parallel of Basic Restriction, the Reference Levels (measurement of electromagnetic field) defined by simulation, conservative.

Reference levels

92 V/m42 V/m

127 V/m58 V/m

Reference Level

Frequency in MHz

0102030405060708090

100110120130140

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

travailleur

Gd publicE fi

eld

in

V/m

__ Worker__ General Public

ICNIRP defines 2 categories for human exposure:• workers (short exposure duration) • public (long exposure duration)

Workers / General Public limits

Workers exposure limits

The workers exposure limits follow the European directive 2004/40/CE of 29 April 2004 for limiting exposure to electromagnetic fields. This directive has to be transposed in the law of the members of the EC and is based on ICNIRP Reference level

In Europe …

Which levels to refer to?

How to measureLevels?

CENELEC: As a result of the acceptance of the European Directive 2004/40/EC, the European Commission has given a Mandate M/351 to CEN/CENELEC, dated June 2004, to develop harmonized standards for the assessment, measurement and calculation of workers' exposure to static magnetic and varying electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields with frequencies from 0Hz to 300GHz. no protocol adopted for the moment

Workers exposure limits

CENELEC European Directive 2004/40/EC CENELEC TC 106 WG 4Obligation for employer to guarantee the safety of their workers (level of exposure must remain under the ICNIRP reference level). Each country has its own philosophy to make the site safe:

• definition of the emitters• definition of the security perimeters

by “manual” calculation

If obligation of standing near an emitteror in the case of co-sitting site, maintenance,to prevent unexpected emission.

control levels using dosimeter

by simulation using software

Frequency in MHz

0102030405060708090

100110120130140

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

travailleur

Gd publicE fi

eld

in

V/m

__ Worker__ General Public

Workers / General Public limits

Public exposure limits

In France …

•In France, the decree of May 2002 (n°2002-775) follows the European recommendation (ICNIRP).

Verified by licensed companies that makes selective measurement with

INSITE Free

Public exposure limits

In Switzerland

• This Recommendation specifies in-situ measurement procedures in order to assess electromagnetic fields for the purpose of comparison against limits for human exposure applying in CEPT countries.

ECC RECOMMENDATION (02)04MEASURING NON-IONISING ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION (9 kHz – 300 GHz)

• The French protocol measurement is based on this recommendation, considering the three decision levels, performing first a broadband scanning with isotropic probes, then a selective frequency check in those places where the first decision level (field higher then 0.28 V/m) is exceeded, and a detailed analysis when the second decision level (>2.8 V/m) is also exceeded.

Measurement protocol for assessment of public sites

In Europe...

Example: ANFR In-Situ Measurement Process

Broad band measurement

Selective measurement

Particular case study

Measurement protocol for assessment of public sites

Limitation of in-Situ Protocol: These measurement are limited in time…

Limitation of in-Situ Protocol

…and space

Monitoring solution using INSITE Box

Mobile solution using EME Spy

Example of site analysis using several RF Safety tools

Site overview:

Emitting antenna

Public Area

Fixed monitoring using INSITE Box :

Mobile monitoring using EME Spy :

Example of site analysis using several RF Safety tools

In-Situ measurement using INSITE Free :

Evolutions des champs électriques mesurés le 21/11/2005 par la station DM_002_4205

0,00

0,20

0,40

0,60

0,80

1,00

1,20

1,40

1,60

1,80

2,00

temps (hh:mm:ss)

ch

am

p (

V/m

)

GSM Rx

Mean : 1,49 V/m Maximum : 1,88 V/mMinimum : 1,03 V/m

Example of site analysis using several RF Safety tools

Using INSITE Box:Using INSITE Box:

0,00

0,20

0,40

0,60

0,80

1,00

1,20

1,40

1,60

1,80

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

Example of site analysis using several RF Safety tools

Using EME Spy:Using EME Spy:

Channel 6 : f= MHz ; E=0,6 V/mChannel 37 : f=942,4 MHz ; E=0,9 V/mChannel 43 : f=943,6 MHz ; E=0,2 V/m

Total field=1,1 V/m Extr. Field=1,9 V/m

Using INSITE Free:Using INSITE Free:

Example of site analysis using several RF Safety tools

END of The Presentation

Thank You!

Nairobi, Kenya, 26 – 27 July 2010 23