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$: Name Date Class - PC\|MACimages.pcmac.org/SiSFiles/Schools/AL/BaldwinCounty...Use your textbook to fill in the blanks. The achievements of Classical Greece and Rome profoundly influenced$
Political Location Activity

DIRECTIONS: Identify each country marked by a number on the map. Then write

the correct name on the numbered blanks below.

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EUROPE

Regional Atlas Activity C

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City Location Activity

DIRECTIONS: Identify each capital city marked by a number on the map. Then

write the correct name on the numbered blanks below.

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EUROPE

Regional Atlas Activity D

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Cultural Geography Activity

DIRECTIONS: Study the information in “Focus On: Europe” in the Europe Regional

Atlas of your textbook. Then answer the questions below.

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EUROPE

Regional Atlas Activity F

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1. Name two major rivers in Europe.

2. What type of landform best describes thecontinent of Europe?

3. What three major mountain ranges arefound in Europe?

4. Despite its northern location, Europe enjoysa mild climate. What is the biggest reason for this?

5. What are the reasons for Europe’s position asa global economic power?

6. Name five European countries that rankamong the world’s top manufacturing centers.

7. How has the diversity of and competitionamong Europe’s many ethnic groups affectedhistory?

8. How did the Industrial Revolution affectEurope?

9. What organization has built European unityrecently?

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EUROPE—EARLY HISTORY

Vocabulary Activity

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DIRECTIONS: Definitions Write the term that matches each definition in the

blanks to the right of each definition.

emperor pope vassals charterpolis feudalism manor democracy

republic revolution consuls divine right of kingsserf common law guild

1. City-state

2. Direct rule of the people

3. Unwritten laws from customs

4. Government in which people choose their leaders

5. Individuals chosen by the people to be their leaders

6. An absolute ruler of Rome

7. The leader of the Catholic Church

8. Medieval political and social system

9. The feudal estate

10. Person who worked on the manor as ordered by the lords in return for the use of the land,

supplies, and protection

11. Worker’s organization during the Middle Ages

12. Nobles who swore loyalty to the king in exchange for land

13. Belief that European kings and queens ruled by the will of God

14. Great and often violent change

15. Document giving townspeople privileges and freedoms

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Guided Reading Activity 1


Classical Greece and Rome

DIRECTIONS: Summarizing Reading the section and completing the sum-

mary paragraphs below will help you learn more about ancient Greece and Rome.

Use your textbook to fill in the blanks.

The achievements of Classical Greece and Rome profoundly influenced

(1) . In the 400s B.C., the Greek city-

state, or (2) , came under the direct rule of the people, or

(3) . (4) had the world’s first demo-

cratic constitution.

City-states like Athens and (5) wanted to expand,

so they often fought against each other. Sparta defeated Athens in the

(6) . It weakened all of Greece. In the

300s B.C., (7)

conquered all of Greece and went on to create an empire. He spread Greek

(8) everywhere he invaded.

By 700 B.C., Rome evolved into a (9) on the Italian

peninsula. It began as a monarchy but changed to a (10) ,

where people choose their leaders. Rome was led by two (11)

who reported to the Senate. Members of the Senate were (12)

who served for life. The foundation of Roman law was the (13)

.

The Roman Republic became the Roman (14) . The

first Roman emperor was (15) . He

started a period of peace known as the (16)

, which lasted about 200 years. (17)

became the official religion of the Roman Empire under the emperors Constantine I

and Theodosius I.

In the A.D. 400s, Rome was invaded by groups of (18)

peoples. The (19)

, or Byzantine Empire, fell to the Ottoman Turks in 1453.

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Medieval Europe

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DIRECTIONS: Answering Questions Reading the section and answering

the questions below will help you learn more about Medieval Europe. Use your

textbook to write answers to the questions.

1. What were the Middle Ages?

2. Who were the leaders in the Roman Catholic Church?

3. What was Eastern Orthodoxy, and who were its leaders?

4. How did the Christian Church advance learning in Europe?

5. Who were the Franks, and where was their kingdom located?

6. What happened to Charlemagne on Christmas Day in the year 800?

7. How did the system of feudalism work?

8. What was the manor, and who made up most of its population?

9. What was the difference between serfs and tenant farmers?

10. In what way were towns important in the Middle Ages?

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From Renaissance to Revolution

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DIRECTIONS: Outlining Reading the section and completing the outline

below will help you learn more about the time following the Middle Ages. Refer

to your textbook to fill in the blanks.

I. The , a French word meaning “rebirth,” emerged around 1350.

A. Italian artists such as and

expressed the spirit of the Renaissance.

B. Writers during this time were also inspired by the ideas of the Renaissance.

1. wrote the Canterbury Tales.

2. wrote plays like Romeo and Juliet.

3. wrote Don Quixote.

II. The was the movement to change the Catholic Church.

A. The Christians who protested Catholic teachings came to be known as .

B. One of the first Protestant leaders to change the Catholic Church was

, who organized his own new Christian church that taught in German,

not Latin.

C. was another early Protestant leader, whose followers

in the Americas were called Puritans.

III. Europe began in the mid-1400s.

A. European explorers included:

1. ,

2. , and

3. .

B. The explorations led to the distribution of goods, people, diseases, and ideas around the

world in a process called the .

IV. A is a great and often violent change.

A. In Britain, the king shared power with the , a popular representative body.

B. The gained their independence from Britain in the

1770s.

C. In 1789, the began, which resulted in the execution of

the king and queen and, later, in the rise of Napoleon.

DIRECTIONS: Matching Select a term that matches each definition below.

Write the correct term in the space provided.

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EUROPE—MODERN HISTORY

Vocabulary Activity

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1. Definition: measure of how much work can be done in a certain length of time

Term:

2. Definition: a system in which countries claims colonies for their markets and resources

Term:

3. Definition: woven cloth

Term:

4. Definition: political, economic, and social system based on the teachings of Karl Marx

Term:

5. Definition: mass killings of 12 million people by Germany’s Nazi leaders during World War II

Term:

6. Definition: global competition between the democratic United States and its allies and the Communist Soviet Union and its supporters

Term:

7. Definition: foreign policy designed to discourage an attack

Term:

8. Definition: nation dependent on a stronger power

Term:

9. Definition: a system of carrying supplies into an area by airplane

Term:

10. Definition: mass murder of a people because of race, religion, ethnicity, politics, or culture

Term:

11. Definition: common currency used by most members of the European Union

Term:

satellite nation productivity genocide imperialismHolocaust airlift communism euro

textiles Cold War deterrence

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The Modern Era Emerges

DIRECTIONS: Reading for Accuracy Reading the section and completing

the activity below will help you learn more about industrialization and the con-

flicts in the world. Refer to your textbook to decide if a statement is true or false.

Write T or F, and if a statement is false, rewrite it correctly.

1. During the Industrial Revolution, people used machinery and new methods toincrease productivity.

2. The Industrial Revolution started in Britain because that nation did not haveenough natural resources, such as coal and iron.

3. The first major industry to be moved to factories was the textile industry.

4. Workers at the start of the Industrial Revolution had a short working day andworked in safe conditions.

5. To improve working conditions, workers formed groups called unions.

6. To get markets and resources for their factories, European countries claimedcolonies in Africa and Asia, under a system called imperialism.

7. World War II was the first war to use mass-produced machines such as tanksand machine guns.

8. After World War I, Japan lost its power and was blamed for starting the war.

9. The United States joined the Allies in fighting World War II.

10. Hitler began the Holocaust, which was the mass murder of a people because ofrace, religion, ethnicity, politics, or culture.

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A Divided Continent


the questions below will help you learn more about the conflict between the

United States and the Soviet Union. Use your textbook to write answers to the

questions.

1. What was the Cold War?

2. Why did the United States set up the Marshall Plan?

3. Why did the NATO countries follow a policy known as deterrence?

4. How did Western European countries begin to cooperate with one another after World War II?

5. Which nations did the Soviet Union force to become satellite nations?

6. How was Germany divided after World War II?

7. How did the Soviet Union try to stop people in East Berlin from escaping to West Berlin?

8. Who became the Soviet leader in 1985?

9. How did the Soviet Union change in 1991?

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Moving Toward Unity

DIRECTIONS: Filling in the Blanks Reading the section and completing the

sentences below will help you learn more about the challenges facing the world

after the end of the Cold War. Refer to your textbook to fill in the blanks.

Since the fall of communism and the Soviet Union, there is no longer a

(1) division between western and eastern Europe.

(2) and (3) differences remain,

however.

As a result of (4) , Europe is becoming an

economic power in the world. In 1993 the European Union (EU) included

(5) members. In 2004 (6) additional

countries, including many from (7) ,

joined the EU. Most members of the European Union began using a common currency

called the (8) to buy goods and services. The

(9)

has wide powers, including protecting workers and the general

population against the dangers of radiation.

(10) has also brought Europe’s countries closer. A high-

speed rail system passes through the (11) , linking London with

Paris and Brussels. (12) and (13) were

connected in 2000 by a bridge and tunnel system.

Some eastern European countries have joined (14) .

NATO is moving away from its original role as a (15) from

communist states. It has now taken on (16) tasks. Europe

also faces challenges in dealing with its (17) problems.

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WESTERN EUROPE TODAY

Vocabulary Activity

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DIRECTIONS: Fill in the Blanks Select a term from below to complete each

of the sentences.

1. In the Scottish highlands, you might cross , treeless, windy areas with

damp ground.

2. The United Kingdom has a form of government called a , in which voters

elect representatives to the Parliament. The United Kingdom is also a

because a king or queen is the official head of state.

3. In Norway, steep-sided valleys that cut into the sea are called and provide

sheltered harbors.

4. Many Finns relax in rooms heated by hot stones. The rooms are called .

5. Most of the network of rivers that connects the regions of France are , or

wide and deep enough to allow the passage of ships.

6. In spring and summer, hot dry winds called blow across Italy from North

Africa.

7. The difficult task of bringing East and West Germany together again is called

.

8. The united Germany is a , in which the national government and state

governments share powers.

9. The Dutch build dikes to control and confine the sea. Then they pump the wetlands dry. These

drained lands are called .

10. Luxembourg is prosperous because many , or firms that do business in

several countries, have their headquarters there.

constitutional monarchy reunification saunas navigablemultinational companies siroccos fjords poldersparliamentary democracy federal republic moors

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The British Isles

DIRECTIONS: Outlining Reading the section and completing the outline

below will help you learn more about the United Kingdom and Ireland. Refer to

your textbook to fill in the blanks.

I. The United Kingdom

A. The country is made up of four regions:

1. ,

2. ,

3. , and

4. .

B. The United Kingdom is a major and country.

1. The leading exports include and

.

2. Most of the country’s people work in industries.

C. The government of the United Kingdom is a

and a .

D. Most people in the United Kingdom live in and

. The capital is .

II. The Republic of Ireland

A. Ireland is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean and the

.

B. In the center is a rolling covered with forests and farmlands.

C. from bogs is used for fuel.

D. Ireland’s economy is based on and .

E. Ireland joined the to market products

more widely.

F. Ireland’s two official languages are and .

G. Life often centers around the neighborhood .

H. The capital of Ireland is .

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France and the Benelux Countries

DIRECTIONS: Reading for Accuracy Reading the section and completing

the activity below will help you learn more about France and the Benelux coun-

tries. Refer to you textbook to decide if a statement is true or false. Write T or F,and if a statement is false, rewrite it correctly.

1. France is covered entirely by a flat plain.

2. France has a climate and rich soil ideal for agriculture.

3. France’s economy relies strictly on manufacturing.

4. France produces more food than any other nation in western Europe.

5. France’s government is known as the Fifth Republic.

6. The three small Benelux countries have nothing in common.

7. Belgium has many natural resources.

8. The Netherlands are very densely populated.

9. Most people work on farms in the Netherlands.

10. Many multinational companies are headquartered in Luxembourg.

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Germany and the Alpine Countries

DIRECTIONS: Outlining Reading and completing the outline below will help

you learn more about Germany, Switzerland, and Austria. Refer to your textbook to

fill in the blanks.

I. Germany

A. The rise in southern Germany.

1. The lower slopes of these mountains are covered with .

2. The winds across southern Germany.

3. Rivers in northern Germany are used to transport and

.

4. The is located in the west, on the

border with France.

B. An Economic Power

1. The is one of the world’s most important industrial centers.

2. Germany imports about one-third of its .

II. Switzerland

A. The landscape is formed mostly by the .

B. Manufacturing and Service Industries

1. Switzerland makes high-quality goods from materials.

III. Austria

A. Austria is a country.

B. It is one of the most countries in the world.

1. Austria’s climate is similar to .

2. Lowland areas receive in winter.

C. Austria’s Economy

1. The mountains provide , and rivers generate

power.

2. Factories produce machinery, , , and

vehicles.

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The Nordic Nations


the questions below will help you learn more about the Nordic countries. Use

your textbook to write answers to the questions.

1. Why does Norway have a mostly cold climate?

2. Why is Norway wealthy?

3. What type of government exists in Norway today?

4. Why is Sweden wealthy?

5. Where do most people in Sweden live?

6. Where does Finland get most of its wealth?

7. Where did the ancestors of the Finns come from?

8. What kind of land makes up Denmark?

9. What products does Denmark export?

10. How do the people of Iceland use the country’s hot springs and geysers?

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Southern Europe

DIRECTIONS: Summarizing Reading the section and completing the sum-

mary paragraphs below will help you learn more about Southern Europe. Use

your textbook to fill in the blanks.

Spain, Portugal, and Andorra are located on the (1)

. Much of the interior of the peninsula is a

(2) . Spain is one of the world’s leading producers of

(3) . Portugal is the world’s leading

exporter of (4) . Today Spain is a (5)

and Portugal is a (6)

.

The Italian peninsula sticks out into the center of the (7)

and looks like a boot. Two countries lie within Italy:

(8) and (9)

. The (10) tower over northern Italy.

(11) are located in the southern part of

Italy. Today Italy is one of the world’s leading (12) economies.

Northern Italy is the center of (13) . Italy’s government is a

(14) . Most Italians work in manufac-

turing and (15) industries.

The Greek mainland is located on the southern tip of the

(16) . (17)

is a vital part of Greece’s economy. The government of Greece is a

(18) . More than half of the people in

Greece live in (19) . More than 95

percent of Greeks are (20)

.

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